\m    30   11  106    2  1 'Introduction'
\m    66   24   15    3  1 'Summary of Insecticide Registrations for Sheep and Goats'
\m   113   39   59    4  1 'External Parasites of Goats'
\m   114   39   95    4  2 'Introduction'
\m   133   45   78    4  2 'Lice'
\m   203   72  122    5  2 'Nose Bot Fly'
\m   218   78   22    5  2 'Keds'
\m   239   85  117    6  2 'Myiasis (blow fly larvae)'
\m   262   95  125    6  2 'Mites'
\m   277  101   38    6  2 'Sticktight Flea'
\m   308  113   31    7  1 'External Parasite Control Recommendations for Dairy Goats'
\m   309  113   97    7  2 'Using Pesticides Wisely'
\m   335  122   36    7  2 'Residues'
\m   355  129   92    8  2 'Tolerances for Certain Pesticides in Goats' Milk and Milk Fat'
\m   373  137   83    8  2 'Important Cautions Regarding Certain Pesticides'
\m   399  146   86    9  2 'Summary of Insecticide Registrations for Dairy Goats'
\m   428  157   79    9  1 'Specific Pests of Sheep and Goats and Recommended Control'
\m   429  158   17    9  2 'Fleas'
\m   464  172   66   10  2 'Keds'
\m   514  195   25   11  2 'Lice'
\m   559  213  113   11  2 'Nose Bot Fly'
\m   567  214  106   12  2 'Screwworms'
\m   591  224  121   12  2 'Ticks'
\t'November 1987'                                                  'II E-'
\a                     Dr. Phil Koehler, Extension Entomologist
\a
\a         EXTERNAL PARASITE CONTROL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SHEEP AND GOATS

                     Dr. Phil Koehler, Extension Entomologist
\h 1 'Introduction'


         EXTERNAL PARASITE CONTROL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SHEEP AND GOATS

                                  Introduction

Keys to pesticide safety:
    1.  Before using any pesticide, stop and read the precautions.
    2.  Read the label on each pesticide container before each use.  Heed all
        warnings and precautions.
    3.  Store all pesticides in their original containers away from food or
        feed.
    4.  Keep pesticides out of the reach of children, pets and livestock.
    5.  Apply pesticides only as directed.
    6.  Dispose of empty containers promptly and safely.

Recommendations in this guide are for guidelines only.  The user must insure
that the pesticide is applied in strict compliance with label directions.

The Food and Drug Administration has established residue tolerances for
certain insecticides in the meat of certain animals.  When these and other
approved insecticides are applied according to recommendations, the pests
should be effectively controlled and the animals' products will be safe for
food.

The improper use of insecticides may result in residue in milk or meat.  Such
products must not be delivered to processing plants.

To avoid excessive residues, use the insecticides recommended at the time
recommended and in the amounts recommended.

The use of trade names is solely for the purpose of providing specific
information.  It is not a guarantee or warranty of the products named and does
not signify that they are approved to the exclusion of others.
\b\v
\h 1 'Summary of Insecticide Registrations for Sheep and Goats'
\v
\v
                                Sheep and Goats

Summary of Insecticide Registrations for Sheep and Goats:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                   Min. Days
                                                                   From Last
                                     Pests on Which Pesticide    Application to
Insecticide           Formulation    is Registered for Use         Slaughter
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
coumaphos             spray         fleece worms, keds, lice,         15
 (Co-Ral)                           screwworms, ticks

                      dust          fleece worms                      15

                      dust          screwworms, ticks                 0

                      dip           keds, lice, screwworms, ticks     15

crotoxyphos +         spray         lice, ticks                       0
dichlorvos
 (Ciodrin + Vapona)

diazinon              spray         keds, lice                        14

dioxathion            spray         fleece worms, keds, lice,         0
 (Delnav)                           ticks

                      dip           fleece worms, lice, ticks         0

                      dip           keds                              15

malathion             spray, dip    keds, lice, ticks                 0
                      or dust

methoxychlor          spray         lice                              0

                      dust          keds, screwworms                  0

                      dip           lice                              0

permethrin (Ectiban)  spray         lice, ticks                       0
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\b\v
\h 1 'External Parasites of Goats'
\h 2 'Introduction'
\v
\v
External Parasites of Goats:

   Introduction

Arthropod pests limit production in the goat industry in many ways.
External parasites feed on body tissue such as blood, skin, and hair.  The
wounds and skin irritation produced by these parasites result in discomfort
and irritation to the animal.

Parasites can transmit diseases from sick to healthy animals.  They can reduce
weight gains and milk production.  In general, infested livestock cannot be
efficiently managed to realize optimum production levels.

The following external parasites affect Florida dairy goats: biting lice,
sucking lice, nose bots, keds, myiasis (blow fly larvae), mites (mange),
sticktight fleas, and flies (house and stable).
\h 2 'Lice'


   Lice

Lice are external parasites which spend their entire lives on the goat.  Both
immature and adult stages suck the blood or feed on the skin of goats. Goat
lice are host specific and only attack goats and their close relatives such as
sheep.

Lice-infested animals may be recognized by their dull, matted coat or
excessive scratching and grooming behavior.  Sucking lice pierce the host's
skin and draw blood.  Biting lice have chewing mouthparts and feed on
particles of hair, scab and skin exudations.  The irritation from
louse-feeding causes animals to rub and scratch, causing raw areas on the
skin or loss of hair.  Weight loss may occur as a result of nervousness and
improper nutrition.  Milk production is reduced about 25 percent.  Also, the
host is often listless and in severe cases the loss of blood to sucking lice
can lead to anemia.

Lice are generally transmitted from one animal to another by contact.
Transmission from herd to herd is usually accomplished by transportation of
infested animals, although some lice may move from place to place by clinging
to flies (phoresy).  Lice are most often introduced to herds by bringing in
infested animals.

Louse populations vary seasonally, depending largely on the condition of the
host.  Most sucking and biting lice begin to increase in number during the
fall and reach peak populations in late winter or early spring.  Summer
populations are usually minimal, causing no obvious symptoms.  Animals under
stress will usually support larger louse populations than normally found.

Control of louse infestations is needed whenever an animal scratches and rubs
to excess.  Louse control is difficult since pesticides do not kill the louse
egg.  Since eggs of most species will hatch 8 to 12 days after pesticide
application, retreatment is necessary 2 weeks after the first pesticide
application.

The angora goat biting louse, Bovicola limbata and Holokartikos crassipes are
the two major biting lice species.  The goat biting louse and the sheep biting
louse are of lesser significance.
\v
\bAll four species live on the skin surface feeding on scales, bits of hair and
other skin surface debris.  Egg hatch requires 9 to 12 days, and the entire
life cycle averages 1 month.

The biting lice of goats are world-wide in distribution with winter-time
populations being most severe.  In Florida high populations have been seen
year round.

The best control of biting lice is an animal residual spray.  Retreatment is
recommended 2 weeks after the first pesticide application.

Five species of sucking lice attack goats.  The following are of importance:

1.  African blue louse - found in semi-tropical climates in the United States,
India, and Puerto Rico.  They are found on the body, head and neck of goats.
Heavy populations have caused death of the host.

2.  Foot louse - this louse prefers the feet and legs of goats and sheep.
Populations peak in the spring and at the time the lice may affect the belly
area as well.  Scrotum infestations on bucks are common.  Lamps seem to have
the highest infestations.  Egg hatch for this species of louse takes longer
than the other species.  Therefore retreatment should be applied after 3 weeks.

3.  Goat sucking louse - populations are dispersed over the animal's body.  It
is also found on sheep.

4 + 5.  The face and body louse and the long-nosed cattle louse - these are
minor pests of goats.
\h 2 'Nose Bot Fly'


   Nose Bot Fly

The nose bot fly infests the nostrils of sheep and goats.  In infested
animals, there is a discharge from the nostrils, vigorous shaking of the head,
loss of appetite and grating of the teeth.  In the presence of the fly, the
animals are excited, shake their heads, snort and rush with their noses in the
dust.

Nose bot flies are a winter-time problem.  Up to 25 bots have been found in
the nasal passages of sheep in Florida.  They may cause eye damage in man.
The larvae of the fly are laid in the nostrils.  They migrate up the nasal
passages and feed on mucous and mucous membranes.  No control is available.
\h 2 'Keds'


   Keds

Keds (Hippoboscidae), also known as louse flies, are large, flattened, usually
wingless parasitic flies.  Two species feed on goats, but one reproduces on
deer and feeds on goats.  Sheep ked bites cause irritation and prompt the
infested goats to rub, bite, and scratch.  Goats may also roll on the ground
in an attempt to relieve irritation.

Keds usually do not cause great damage if the animal is fed on a highly
nutritious diet, but goats grazed throughout the year on pasture or range may
acquire heavy burdens of keds during winter and early spring.

\bEggs are retained and hatch within the body of the female ked and develop into
fully grown larvae ready to pupate.  These larvae are then glued to hairs of
the host.  A female ked is capable of developing only one larvae at a time.
During the female's life of 100 to 130 days, she produces around 10 to 15
young, giving birth every 8 to 9 days.  The pupal stage lasts from 18 to 30
days.
\h 2 'Myiasis (blow fly larvae)'


   Myiasis (blow fly larvae)

Myiasis is the presence of fly larvae in the host.  Several kinds of maggots
infest the wounds of warm-blooded animals; however, the only one that feeds
exclusively on live flesh is the primary screwworm.  Sterile male releases
have eradicated the primary screwworm fly from the Southeast; but there is
constant danger of reinfestation.

Other species such as the secondary screwworm and other blow flies may also
infest wounds.  These species normally lay their eggs on carcasses of dead
animals and may occasionally occur in open wounds.  Although these species may
cause worry, they will not consume living flesh and will feed primarily on
dead flesh and wound secretions.  Infestations of secondary screwworm often
follows injury which produce prevalent wounds or management practices which
allow animals to develop bacterial skin infestations.  These problems must be
cleared up to prevent secondary screwworm infestation.
There is no simple way to differentiate between primary screwworm and other
fly larvae.  Any suspected screwworm case should be reported to the County
Extension Director.  Samples of eggs and maggots should be saved in a small
container filled with 70% alcohol solutions.
\h 2 'Mites'


   Mites

Itch or mange mites (Psoroptes, Sarcoptes) feed on the surface or burrow
within the skin, making very slender, winding tunnels from 0.1 to 1 inch long.
The fluid discharged at the tunnel openings dries to form nodules.  A toxin is
also secreted which causes intense irritation and itching.  Infested animals
rub and scratch continuously.  Infestations are contagious and treatment of
all animals in a herd is essential to achieve control.  Delayed egg hatch
requires retreatment at 10 days.

The most common mange of goats is Psoroptic ear mite (Psoroptes caniculi) or
scab mite.  It lives in the auditory canal and temporarily on the body.
\h 2 'Sticktight Flea'


   Sticktight Flea

Fleas are small, wingless insects varying from 1.0 to 8.5 mm in length.  They
are narrow insects compressed on the sides with spines directed backwards.

Most species move about a great deal and remain on the host only part of the
time to obtain a blood meal.  The legs are well developed as they can jump as
far as 7 to 8 inches.

\bThe flea has egg, larva, pupa, and adult stages.  Under favorable conditions,
a generation can be completed in as little as 2 to 3 weeks.  Mating takes
place on the host and eggs are laid on the host.  Since they are not attached,
the eggs drop to the ground and hatch in from 2 days to several weeks.
Development occurs most commonly in the bedding of the resting area of the
host.

The larvae are very small worm-like, legless insects with chewing mouthparts.
In several weeks they go through 3 larval stages, feeding on organic debris.
The pupal stage lasts approximately one week, then the newly emerged flea is
ready to feed on blood within 24 hours.

The sticktight flea, the most common flea, is a small species which attack
goats and other domestic animals.  It attaches firmly to its host usually
about the face and ears.  This species remains attached to its host for as
long as 2 to 3 weeks.  During this time eggs are laid.  They drop to the
ground and hatch into larvae.  Large populations of this flea may cause ulcers
on the head and ears.  Flea infestations often spread to other animals
including man.
\h 1 'External Parasite Control Recommendations for Dairy Goats'
\h 2 'Using Pesticides Wisely'



External Parasite Control Recommendations for Dairy Goats:

  Using Pesticides Wisely

Very few pesticides are registered for control of parasites on dairy goats.
Read all warnings, directions, and precautions carefully to insure proper
usage.

Keys to pesticide safety:
1.  Before using any pesticide, stop and read the precautions.
2.  Read the label on each pesticide container before each use.  Heed all
    warnings and precautions.
3.  Store all pesticides in their original container away from food or feed.
4.  Keep pesticides out of the reach of children, pets, and livestock.
5.  Apply pesticides only as directed.
6.  Dispose of empty containers promptly and safely.

These recommendations are guidelines only.  The user must insure that the
pesticide is applied in strict compliance with label directions.
The use of trade names is solely for the purpose of providing specific
information.  It is not a guarantee or warranty of the products named and does
not signify that they are approved to the exclusion of others.
\h 2 'Residues'


   Residues

The Food and Drug Adminstration has established residue tolerances for certain
insecticides in the meat and milk of certain animals.  When these and other
approved insecticides are applied according to recommendations, the pests
should be effectively controlled and the animals' products will be safe for
use as food.

\bThe improper use of insecticides may result in residue in milk or meat.  Such
products must not be delivered to processing plants.

To avoid excessive residues, use the insecticides recommended at the time
recommended and in the amounts recommended.  Remember that goats are smaller
animals than cattle and require proportionately less pesticide for adequate
treatment.  Be careful not to over treat dairy goats.  Spray animals with
enough pressure to penetrate the hair coat and wet the skin.  Less than 1
quart of spray should be enough to produce complete coverage per animal.
\h 2 'Tolerances for Certain Pesticides in Goats' Milk and Milk Fat'


   Tolerances for Certain Pesticides in Goats' Milk and Milk Fat

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                          Tolerance
                                --------------------------------
Pesticide                       Milk                    Milk Fat
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
methoxychlor                      -                        1.25
pyrethrins                        -                        0.5
piperonyl butoxide                -                        0.25
dioxathion                        0                        -
coumaphos (Co-Ral)                -                        0.5
ciodrin                           0.02                      -
permethrin                        0.05                     -
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\h 2 'Important Cautions Regarding Certain Pesticides'


   Important Cautions Regarding Certain Pesticides

Formulations of toxaphene may contain mixtures of DDVP (Vapona), dioxathion
(Delnav), malathion or lindane.  All formulations appear under different brand
names and should not be used on any dairy stock.

Ciovap or Ciodrin may be used on lactating and non-lactating goats.  Apply as
a coarse spray.  Apply up to 1 pint of spray per animal with second
application 10 to 14 days later.  Repeat as necessary but not more often than
once every 7 days.

Methoxychlor - apply as dust or spray, repeat treatment every 3 weeks as
needed.  May be used on young dairy animals up to two weeks of freshening.  If
freshening should occur within 14 days of treatment, do not use milk as human
food for the balance of the 14 day interval.  Withdraw from slaughter for 15
days.

Malathion - do not apply to milk goats.
Pyrethrins - May be applied to lactating dairy goats.
Vapona resin strip - for fly control in milk room.  Hang one strip per 1000
  cubic feet of enclosed area.
Dioxathion (Delnav) - do not apply to dairy goats.
\b\v
\h 2 'Summary of Insecticide Registrations for Dairy Goats'
\v
\v
\v
   Summary of Insecticide Registrations for Dairy Goats

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                   Min. Days
                                                                   From Last
                                     Pests on Which Pesticide    Application to
Insecticide           Formulation    is Registered for Use         Freshening
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
coumaphos (Co-Ral)      spray       keds, lice, screwworms            14

crotoxyphos (Ciodrin)   spray       lice                              0

crotoxyphos +           spray       lice                              0
dichlorvos
(Ciodrin + Vapona)

dioxathion              spray       keds, lice, screwworms,     0 (do not use
                                       ticks                    on dairy goats)

*methoxychlor           dust        keds                              14
                     spray or dip   lice                              14

permethrin (Ectiban)    spray       lice, ticks                       0
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* May be used on young dairy animals up to 2 weeks of freshening.
\h 1 'Specific Pests of Sheep and Goats and Recommended Control'
\h 2 'Fleas'



Specific Pests of Sheep and Goats and Recommended Control:

   Fleas

Below, Min. Days refers to minimum days from last application to slaughter.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Min.     Formula-
Insecticide       Days     tion             Application Directions
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
coumaphos         15      spray        Mix 4 lb. of 25% WP in 100 gal. water.
 (Co-Ral)                              Apply as a coarse spray.
                                       SAFETY RESTRICTIONS: Do not treat
                                       animals under 3 mo. of age, or sick and
                                       stressed stock.  Do not apply to
                                       lactating goats.

                  15    5% dust        Dust wound and surrounding area
                                       thoroughly.SAFETY RESTRICTIONS: Do not
                                       treat animals under 3 mo. of age, or
                                       sick and stressed stock.  Do not apply
                                       to lactating goats.

dioxathion        0    spray or dip    1/2 gal. of 30% EC in 100 gal. water.
 (Delnav)                              Apply as a coarse spray or dip.
                                       SAFETY RESTRICTIONS: Do not treat
                                       animals under 3 mo. of age, or sick and
                                       stressed stock.  Do not apply to
                                       lactating goats. Do not dip animals
                                       less than 3 mo. of age.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\b\v
\h 2 'Keds'
\v
\v
   Keds

Below, Min. Days refers to minimum days from last application to slaughter.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Min.     Formula-
Insecticide       Days     tion             Application Directions
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
coumaphos         15      spray     Mix 4 lb. of 25% WP in 100 gal. water.
 (Co-Ral)                 or dip    Apply as a coarse spray. SAFETY RESTRIC-
                                    TIONS: Do not treat animals under  3 mo.
                                    of age, or sick and stressed stock.  Do
                                    not apply to lactating goats.

dioxathion        0       spray     1/2 gal. of 30% EC in 100 gal. water.
 (Delnav)                 or dip    Apply as a coarse spray or dip. SAFETY
                                    RESTRICTIONS: Do not treat animals under
                                    3 mo. of age, or sick and stressed stock.
                                    Do not apply to lactating goats. Do not
                                    apply more often than every 14 days.

diazinon          14     spray         Mix 1/2 lb. of 50% WP in 100 gal.
                                       water.  Apply 1 gal. per animal at high
                                       gallonage, high pressure spray. Mix 1
                                       lb. of 50% WP in 100 gal. of water.
                                       Apply 1 qt. per animal at low
                                       gallonage, low pressure spray.  Mix 1
                                       oz. of 50% WP in 6 gal. water.  With a
                                       sprinkler can, apply 1 qt. to head,
                                       neck, top and side of each animal.

malathion         0    0.5% spray      Mix 1 gal. of 57% EC in 100 gal. water.
                         or dip        Apply as coarse spray. Mix 16 lb. of
                                       25% WP in 100 gal. water. Apply as a
                                       coarse spray.
                                       SAFETY RESTRICTIONS: Do not treat
                                       animals under 3 mo. of age or sick and
                                       stressed stock. Do not apply to
                                       lactating goats.

                  0    4 & 5% dust     Treat animals thoroughly.
                                       SAFETY RESTRICTIONS: Do not treat
                                       animals under 3 mo. of age or sick and
                                       stressed stock.

methoxychlor      0      50% dust      Dust animal thoroughly.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\b\v
\h 2 'Lice'
\v
\v
   Lice

Below, Min. Days refers to minimum days from last application to slaughter.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Min.     Formula-
Insecticide       Days     tion             Application Directions
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
coumaphos         15   0.06% spray  Mix 2 lb. of 25% WP in 100 gal. water.
                          or dip    Apply as a coarse spray.

diazinon          14      spray     Mix 1 oz. of 50% WP in 6 gal. water.
                                    With a sprinkler can, apply 1 qt. to
                                    head, neck, top and side of each animal.

dioxathion        0       spray     1/2 gal. of 30% EC in 100 gal. water.
                         or dip     Apply as coarse spray or dip.SAFETY RE-
                                    STRICTIONS: Do not spray or dip animals
                                    under 3 mo. of age, or sick and stressed
                                    stock. Do not apply to lactating goats. Do
                                    not apply more often than every 14 days.

malathion         0    0.5% spray   Mix 1 gal. of 57% EC in 100 gal. water.
                         or dip     Apply as a coarse spray. Mix 16 lb. of
                                    25% WP in 100 gal. water. Apply as coarse
                                    spray. SAFETY RESTRICTIONS: Do not treat
                                    animals under 3 mo. of age or sick and
                                    stressed stock. Do not apply to lactating
                                    goats.

                  0    4 & 5% dip   Treat animals thoroughly. SAFETY RESTRIC-
                                    TIONS: Do not treat animals under 3 mo. of
                                    age or sick and stressed stock.

methoxychlor      0    0.5% spray   Mix 8 lb. of 50% WP in 100 gal. water.

                  0    0.25% dip    Mix 4 lb. of 50% WP in 100 gal. water.
                                    Do not dip animals less than 3 mo. old.

                  0    50% dust     Dust animal thoroughly.

permethrin        0    spray        See label for directions.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\h 2 'Nose Bot Fly'



   Nose Bot Fly

            THERE IS NO SUITABLE AND EFFECTIVE TREATMENT AVAILABLE.
\b\v
\h 2 'Screwworms'
\v
\v
 Screwworm

Below, Min. Days refers to minimum days from last application to slaughter.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Min.     Formula-
Insecticide       Days     tion             Application Directions
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
coumaphos         15      spray or     Mix 8 lb. of 25% WP in 100 gal. water.
 (Co-Ral)                   dip        Apply as a coarse spray. SAFETY
                                       RESTRICTIONS: Do not treat animals
                                       under 3 mo. of age or sick and stressed
                                       stock. Do not apply to lactating goats.

                  15     5% dust       Dust wound and surrounding area
                                       thoroughly. SAFETY RESTRICTIONS: Do not
                                       treat animals under 3 mo. of age or
                                       sick and stressed stock. Do not apply
                                       to lactating goats.

dioxathion        0      spray         Do not use on lactating animals.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\h 2 'Ticks'


   Ticks

Below, Min. Days refers to minimum days from last application to slaughter.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Min.     Formula-
Insecticide       Days     tion             Application Directions
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
coumaphos         0       5% dust      Insert dust into ears. Follow label
 (Co-Ral)                              directions.

                  15   0.125% spray    Mix 4 lb. of 25% WP in 100 gal. water.
                          or dip       Re-treat at 2-3 wk. intervals.
                                       SAFETY RESTRICTIONS: Do not treat
                                       animals under 3 mo. of age or sick and
                                       stressed stock. Do not apply to
                                       lactating goats.

crotoxyphos +     0    0.25% spray     Mix 1 gal. of 10% + 2.5% EC in 48 gal.
dichlorvos                             of water. Apply up to 1 gal. per
 (Ciodrin +                            animal. Retreat as necessary.
  Vapona)                              SAFETY RESTRICTIONS: Do not re-apply
                                       within 7 days of treatment.

dioxathion        0    0.15% spray     1/2 gal. of 30% EC in 100 gal. water.
 (Delnav)              or dip          Apply as a coarse spray or dip.
                                       SAFETY RESTRICTIONS: Do not treat
                                       animals under 3 mo. of age or sick and
                                       stressed stock. Do not apply more
                                       often than every 14 days. Do not apply
                                       to lactating goats.

\p                                   (cont'd)
\b\pTicks - cont'd
\p------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\p                  Min.     Formula-
\pInsecticide       Days     tion             Application Directions
\p------------------------------------------------------------------------------
malathion         0    0.5% spray      Mix 1 gal. of 57% EC in 100 gal. water.
                          or dip       Apply as a coarse spray. Mix 16 lb. of
                                       25% WP in 100 gal. water. Apply as a
                                       coarse spray.
                                       SAFETY RESTRICTIONS: Do not treat
                                       animals under 3 mo. of age or sick and
                                       stressed stock. Do not apply to
                                       lactating goats.

                  0    4 & 5% dust     Dust animals thoroughly.
                                       SAFETY RESTRICTIONS: Do not treat
                                       animals under 3 mo. of age or sick and
                                       stressed stock. Do not apply to
                                       lactating goats.

permethrin        0    spray           See label for directions.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
