\m    39   14   54    2  1 'Preface'
\m    60   21   55    2  1 'Integrated Pest Management Practices'
\m   106   41   48    3  1 'Application of Insecticides'
\m   107   41   84    3  2 'General Information'
\m   128   48  118    3  2 'Spray Applications'
\m   153   58   98    4  2 'Drench Applications'
\m   164   62   43    4  2 'Granular Applications'
\m   174   65   34    4  2 'Smokes, Aerosols and Thermal Fogs'
\m   186   69  114    4  2 'Compatibility'
\m   198   74    8    4  2 'Phytotoxicity'
\m   227   85    4    6  1 'Specific Pests and Their Control'
\m   228   85   45    6  2 'Aphids'
\m   280  105   35    7  2 'Bagworms'
\m   310  116   82    7  2 'Beetles (leaf feeding)'
\m   338  127   22    7  2 'Beetles (boring)'
\m   357  134   17    8  2 'Caterpillars, Armyworms, Loopers, Cutworms'
\m   392  148   45    8  2 'Centipedes, Millipedes, Sowbugs, Pillbugs'
\m   420  159  105    9  2 'Fungus Gnats'
\m   460  173   80    9  2 'Grasshoppers'
\m   487  183   27   10  2 'Lacebugs'
\m   524  197   12   10  2 'Leafminers'
\m   561  210   87   11  2 'Leafrollers, Leaf Tiers'
\m   588  220  106   12  2 'Mealybugs (foliar)'
\m   641  240   32   13  2 'Mealybugs (root)'
\m   676  252   91   14  2 'Mites (Spider and Tumid)'
\m   730  273   30   15  2 'Mites (Broad)'
\m   759  284  114   15  2 'Mites (Cyclamen)'
\m   782  293   60   16  2 'Scales'
\m   845  315  104   17  2 'Slugs and Snails'
\m   871  325   24   17  2 'Springtails'
\m   894  334   36   18  2 'Thrips'
\m   941  351  108   19  2 'Whiteflies'
\t'November 1987'                                                'I C-'
\a                      Dr. Don Short, Extension Entomologist
\a
\a      COMMERCIAL FOLIAGE AND WOODY ORNAMENTAL PEST MANAGEMENT SUGGESTIONS

                      Dr. Don Short, Extension Entomologist
\h 1 'Preface'


      COMMERCIAL FOLIAGE AND WOODY ORNAMENTAL PEST MANAGEMENT SUGGESTIONS



                                    PREFACE

According to the Federal Environmental Pesticide Control Act, all pesticides
must be handled and applied in strict accordance with directions on the
pesticide container label.  The plant must be listed on the label; however,
the 1978 amended law allows the grower to apply against pests not specifically
listed on the label.  Also, if a pesticide is used inside the greenhouse, it
must be labeled for greenhouse use.

To the best of our knowledge, the suggested pesticides in this section are
labeled on the crops discussed.  However, pesticide labels differ widely in
plant and insect listings.  Some are broad ornamental labels and others
specifically list certain plants for which the pesticide is labeled.  READ THE
LABEL CAREFULLY.
\h 1 'Integrated Pest Management Practices'

                      Integrated Pest Management Practices

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a term which describes the manipulation of
all crop management practices, including pesticide applications, to control
pests with minimal use of energy and chemicals.  From pilot IPM projects in
foliage nurseries, several practices have been identified as important aids in
management of pests.

Many pest problems in production areas have been found to originate from
infested stock.  Only pest free seeds, cuttings or plants should be placed in
the production area.

Use of the colored sticky traps which attract and capture whiteflies, aphids,
fungus gnats and thrips are a valuable aid in monitoring for early pest
invasions.  Three-pound plastic coffee can lids or similar types painted with
Rust-Oleum (659 yellow) and coated with SAE-90 oil are effective traps for
this purpose.  These traps do not replace routine monitoring of crops with a
magnification device especially when searching for mites or other small pests.

There is considerable evidence that lepidopterous caterpillars in greenhouses
can be effectively controlled through the use of electric insect traps
utilizing ultraviolet light and an electrically charged grid which kills adult
moths as they contact it.  Traps with two 15-watt fluorescent bulbs will cover
approximately one acre.  Traps should be suspended slightly below gutter level
and located near the center of each area where traps are utilized.  If green-
houses are partitioned, a trap will be needed for each section.  Avoid placing
traps where they will get wet.

Effectiveness of electric light insect traps is greatly increased if
greenhouse side walls are tight.  Openings in greenhouse side walls permit
numerous moths to enter from outside.

\bUse of irrigation systems which apply water at the soil surface or at the base
of containers will extend the life of foliar applied insecticide residues.
Overhead sprinkler irrigation washes off residues making them less effective
in pest control programs.

Eliminate weeds in greenhouses, shadehouses and surrounding areas because they
can frequently support populations of insects and mites which can quickly
migrate onto ornamental crops.  Turf around nurseries should be mowed
frequently to prevent excessive growth which may also harbor pests.

Discarded pest infested plants or plant parts should be containerized and
removed from growing area to minimize reinfestation.
\h 1 'Application of Insecticides'
\h 2 'General Information'



                          Application of Insecticides

General Information:

Because cultural conditions are so varied in the foliage plant industry, no
single pest control program can be suggested.  Control of insects with
chemicals is assured only when the correct material is applied in the correct
manner to a susceptible stage of the pest.

Maintenance or so-called preventative sprays may be applied every 1 to 3 weeks
depending upon the pest, time of year and residual length of a pesticide.  An
effective maintenance spray program should kill any initial invaders and
prevent pest populations from developing.  It is much easier to maintain pest
free plants than to control established populations.  If a preventative
program is not used, it will be necessary to inspect plants closely at
frequent intervals and apply control measures before pests reach damaging
levels.
\h 2 'Spray Applications'


Spray Applications:

Many pesticides are broken-down (hydrolyzed) in the spray tank when mixed with
water above pH 7.  Growers should be aware of their water pH and when above 7
a buffering solution should be added to maintain pH in the 6.5 to 7 range.

Sprays should be applied only to thoroughly wet the foliage.  Excessive volume
of any pesticide may cause phytotoxicity.  Both leaf surfaces, especially the
underside, must be sprayed.  Sufficient pressure to turn the leaves is
necessary in order to obtain coverage on the underside.  Proper mixing of the
insecticide by adequate mechanical agitation in the spray tank
is necessary for the best results.

To obtain better coverage and residue persistence of the pesticides, a
spreader-sticker should be added to the spray mixture.  Read the container
label and use the material at the concentration per 100 gallons of spray
mixture recommended by the manufacturer.  If you are using a spreader-
sticker, be careful to evaluate it for any phytotoxic effects.  Plyac
(Allied Chemical Co., Atlanta, Georgia), a spreader-sticker, has proven
safe to many foliage species when used at the concentration of 2 ounces per
100 gallons or 7 drops per gallon.
\b\v
\h 2 'Drench Applications'
\v
\v
Drench Applications:

Some of the systemic emulsifiable concentrates are effective when applied as
drenches.  Refer to the container label for correct dosage rates.  Many
growers apply systemics through the irrigation system.  For best results,
apply drenches toward the end of the irrigation period.  Do not apply soil
drenches to plants under water stress or follow application with excessive
amounts of water.
\h 2 'Granular Applications'


Granular Applications:

All granular materials should be applied in a manner to insure even
distribution over the soil surface.  DO NOT apply to wet foliage.  Spreaders
used to broadcast insecticides should not grind the granules or increase the
amount of dust as this may generate potentially dangerous conditions to the
applicator.
\h 2 'Smokes, Aerosols and Thermal Fogs'


Smokes, Aerosols, and Thermal Fogs:

Various pesticides are formulated as smoke generators, aerosols and thermal
fogs for greenhouse use.  Due to high temperatures in plant production
structures and the amount of ventilation required, use of these formulations
in Florida is limited.  However, during the cool periods of the year, the formu-
lations may be considered.  Unfortunately, very little research has been
conducted with these products on tropical foliage plants.  Resmethrin is the
only aerosol pesticide listed in this Guide.
\h 2 'Compatibility'


Compatibility:

Spray tank mixtures of insecticides, miticides or fungicides may result in
plant injury that does not occur from use of any one of the materials alone.
Before materials are tank mixed, a compatibility chart should be consulted and
the manufacturer's label studied carefully.  Wettable powders should be mixed
with powders, emulsifiable concentrates with other emulsifiable concentrates
and mixes should be of compounds within the same class or preferably the same
brand if possible.
\h 2 'Phytotoxicity'


Phytotoxicity:

Phytotoxicity is generally characterized as damage to foliage usually
exhibited as marginal burn, chlorosis or spotting.  Distortion or abnormal
growth is also a common symptom of plants injured by pesticides.  Although any
portion of the plant may be affected, the new growth is most likely to show
damage.

\bIn order to minimize the chances of plant damage, it is suggested that
pesticides be applied during the cooler part of the day.  Application  should
be made in the early morning in order that the foliage will be dry before
temperatures reach 80 to 90 F.  Generally speaking, wettable powders are
considered safer to plants than emulsifiable concentrates.  Wettable powders
sometimes leave objectionable residues on the foliage, however.

Be especially careful when using a pesticide that has been reported phytotoxic
to a particular crop.  REGARDLESS OF THE PESTICIDE OR MIXTURE OF PESTICIDES
USED, IT IS STRONGLY RECOMMENDED THAT THE EFFECTS BE EVALUATED ON A FEW
PLANTS, UNDER YOUR PARTICULAR CONDITION BEFORE TREATING ALL PLANTS.  There may
be several formulations of a chemical compound labeled for market.  Concen-
trations vary and consequently recommendations on the manufacturer's label
should be followed explicitly.

Consult Plant Protection Pointer no. 57 for additional information concerning
phytotoxicity.
\b\v
\h 1 'Specific Pests and Their Control'
\h 2 'Aphids'
\v
\v
                        Specific Pests and Their Control

\p*Labeled Use Code:  (A) non-greenhouse - shadehouse and field only;
\p  (B) greenhouse use only; (C) both greenhouse and non-greenhouse;
\p  (F24C) product has a 24C label for use on ornamentals in Florida.
\p**The recommended pesticides are available in many different formulations,
\p  only one or two of the more common are listed.  Be sure to read and follow
\p  all label directions and precautions closely.


                                     Aphids

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Labeled*                                            Amounts per
Use Code     Pesticide and Formulation**     100 gal            1 gal
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SPRAYS:

  (A)        Diazinon, 4E (AG500)            1 pt               1 tsp
  (A)        Diazinon, 50% WP                1 lb               1 TBSP
  (A)        Dimethoate (Cygon 2E)           1 1/2 pt           1 1/2 tsp
               (systemic liquid)
  (A)        Knoxout 2 FM                    See label for rates
  (A)        Guthion 50% WP                  3/4 - 1 lb         1 TBSP
  (A)        Malathion, 57% EC               2 pt               2 tsp
  (C)        Mavrick Aquaflow                See label for rates
  (C)        Orthene 75% SP                  1/3 lb             1 tsp
  (B)        Talstar 10 WP                   6 - 16 oz           ---
  (C)        Thiodan 3 EC                    2/3 qt             1 1/3 tsp
  (C)        Vydate 2 L                      1 - 2 qt           2 - 4 tsp
               (systemic liquid)

  APPLICATION:  Second application needed only when plants become reinfested;
  usually 4-6 weeks under greenhouse conditions.

SOIL DRENCH:

  (A)        Dimethoate (Cygon 2E)           1 pt               1 tsp
               (systemic liquid)

  REMARKS:  Aphids are easily killed but sometimes difficult to control because
  constant reinfestations from adjacent areas often occur.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\v*Labeled Use Code:  (A) non-greenhouse - shadehouse and field only;
\v  (B) greenhouse use only; (C) both greenhouse and non-greenhouse.
\v**The recommended pesticides are available in many different formulations,
\v  only one or two of the more common are listed.  Be sure to read and follow
\v  all label directions and precautions closely.
\b\v
\h 2 'Bagworms'
\v
\v
                                    Bagworms

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Labeled*                                            Amounts per
Use Code     Pesticide and Formulation**     100 gal            1 gal
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SPRAYS:

  (A)        Dimethoate (Cygon 2E)           2 qt               4 tsp
               (systemic liquid)
  (A)        Dursban 2E                      1 pt               1 tsp
               (Use with caution until the
               phytotoxic effects on your
               plants under your conditions
               are determined.)
  (A)        Orthene 75% SP                  1/3 lb             1 tsp
  (A)        Sevin SL                        1 qt               2 tsp

  APPLICATION:  Apply second application in 10 days to 2 weeks.
  REMARKS:  Apply when small bags are first noticed.  Difficult to control
  when mature.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\v*Labeled Use Code:  (A) non-greenhouse - shadehouse and field only;
\v  (B) greenhouse use only; (C) both greenhouse and non-greenhouse.
\v**The recommended pesticides are available in many different formulations,
\v  only one or two of the more common are listed.  Be sure to read and follow
\v  all label directions and precautions closely.
\h 2 'Beetles (leaf feeding)'


                             Beetles (leaf feeding)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Labeled*                                            Amounts per
Use Code     Pesticide and Formulation**     100 gal            1 gal
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SPRAYS:

  (A)        Diazinon 4E (AG500)             1 pt               1 tsp
               (flea beetles only)
  (A)        Diazinon 50% WP                 1 lb               1 TBSP
               (flea beetles only)
  (A)        Sevin SL                        1 qt               2 tsp
               (certain beetles and
               caterpillars - see label)

  APPLICATION:  Apply second application in 10 days to 2 weeks.
  REMARKS:  Also spray mulch, debris or soil surface or bench surrounding
  plants.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\v*Labeled Use Code:  (A) non-greenhouse - shadehouse and field only;
\v  (B) greenhouse use only; (C) both greenhouse and non-greenhouse.
\v**The recommended pesticides are available in many different formulations,
\v  only one or two of the more common are listed.  Be sure to read and follow
\v  all label directions and precautions closely.
\h 2 'Beetles (boring)'


                                Beetles (boring)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Labeled*                                            Amounts per
Use Code     Pesticide and Formulation**     100 gal            1 gal
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SPRAYS:

  (A)        Lindane 20% EC                  See label directions
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\v*Labeled Use Code:  (A) non-greenhouse - shadehouse and field only;
\v (B) greenhouse use only; (C) both greenhouse and non-greenhouse.
\v**The recommended pesticides are available in many different formulations,
\v only one or two of the more common are listed.  Be sure to read and follow
\v all label directions and precautions closely.
\b\v
\h 2 'Caterpillars, Armyworms, Loopers, Cutworms'
\v
\v
                   Caterpillars, Armyworms, Loopers, Cutworms

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Labeled*                                            Amounts per
Use Code     Pesticide and Formulation**     100 gal            1 gal
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SPRAYS:

  (C)        Bacillus thuringiensis          1/2 - 1 lb         1/2 - 1 TBSP
               (labeled for certain
               caterpillars - see label)
  (C)        Bendiocarb 76% WP               Follow label directions
               (Dycarb, Turcam)
  (C)        Methomyl (Lannate L)            Follow label directions
  (A)        Sevin SL                        1 qt               2 tsp
               (labeled for certain
               beetles and caterpillars -
               see label)
  (B)        Talstar 10 WP                   16 - 32 oz          ---

  APPLICATION:  Follow label directions.  Second application in 10 days to 2
  weeks.
  REMARKS:  Apply when insects are small.  Difficult to control when nearing
  maturity.  It is especially important to use a spreader-sticker with B.
  thuringiensis. B. thuringiensis is not suggested for armyworms beyond the
  second instar stage and rates are higher.  (see label)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\v*Labeled Use Code:  (A) non-greenhouse - shadehouse and field only;
\v  (B) greenhouse use only; (C) both greenhouse and non-greenhouse.
\v**The recommended pesticides are available in many different formulations,
\v  only one or two of the more common are listed.  Be sure to read and follow
\v  all label directions and precautions closely.
\h 2 'Centipedes, Millipedes, Sowbugs, Pillbugs'


                   Centipedes, Millipedes, Sowbugs, Pillbugs

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Labeled*                                            Amounts per
Use Code     Pesticide and Formulation**     100 gal            1 gal
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SPRAYS:

  (A)        Baygon 1.5 lbs/gal. EC          1/2 pt               --
  (A)        Baygon 70% WP                   2 oz                 --
  (A)        Diazinon 4E (AG500)             1 pt               1 tsp
  (A)        Diazinon 50% WP                 1 lb               1 TBSP
  (B)        Ethion                          Follow label directions
  (A)        Sevin SL                        1 qt               2 tsp

  APPLICATION:  Apply a second application in 2 weeks.
  REMARKS:  Apply to thoroughly wet soil surface under containers, benches,
  etc.  Sanitation is important in control.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\v*Labeled Use Code:  (A) non-greenhouse - shadehouse and field only;
\v  (B) greenhouse use only; (C) both greenhouse and non-greenhouse.
\v**The recommended pesticides are available in many different formulations,
\v  only one or two of the more common are listed.  Be sure to read and follow
\v  all label directions and precautions closely.
\b\v
\h 2 'Fungus Gnats'
\v
\v
                                  Fungus Gnats

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Labeled*                                            Amounts per
Use Code     Pesticide and Formulation**     100 gal            1 gal
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SPRAYS:

(C,F24C)     Diazinon 4E (AG500)             1 pt               1 tsp
  (B)        Resmethrin (SBP-1382-2EC)       Follow label directions
               (adult gnats only)
  (B)        Resmethrin 1% aerosol           Follow label directions
               (adult gnats only)
  (C)        Vydate 2 L                      Follow label directions
               (systemic liquid)

  APPLICATION:  Spray until soil surface is moist.

SOIL DRENCH:

(C,F24C)     Diazinon 4E (AG500)             1/2 pt             1/2 tsp

  APPLICATION:  1/4 - 1/2 pint of drench per 4 inch pot.

GRANULES:

(C,F24C)     Temik 10% G (systemic granules)
             (Be sure to obtain a copy of the Florida Special Local Need Label
             (1987 24c label) from your dealer for application rates and
             precautions regarding field and greenhouse-grown plants.)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\v*Labeled Use Code:  (A) non-greenhouse - shadehouse and field only;
\v  (B) greenhouse use only; (C) both greenhouse and non-greenhouse;
\v  (F24C) product has a 24c label for use on ornamentals in Florida.
\v**The recommended pesticides are available in many different formulations,
\v  only one or two of the more common are listed.  Be sure to read and follow
\v  all label directions and precautions closely.
\h 2 'Grasshoppers'


                                  Grasshoppers

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Labeled*                                            Amounts per
Use Code     Pesticide and Formulation**     100 gal            1 gal
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SPRAYS:

  (A)        Dursban 2E                      1 pt               1 tsp
               (Use with caution until the
               phytotoxic effects on your
               plants under your conditions
               are determined.)

  APPLICATION:  If needed, apply a second application in 10 days to 2 weeks.
  REMARKS:  Apply when insects are small.  Difficult to control when nearing
  maturity.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\v*Labeled Use Code:  (A) non-greenhouse - shadehouse and field only;
\v  (B) greenhouse use only; (C) both greenhouse and non-greenhouse.
\v**The recommended pesticides are available in many different formulations,
\v  only one or two of the more common are listed.  Be sure to read and follow
\v  all label directions and precautions closely.
\b\v
\h 2 'Lacebugs'
\v
\v
                                    Lacebugs

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Labeled*                                            Amounts per
Use Code     Pesticide and Formulation**     100 gal            1 gal
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SPRAYS:

  (A)        Dimethoate (Cygon 2E)           2 pt               2 tsp
               (systemic liquid)
  (A)        Malathion 57% EC                2 pt               2 tsp
  (A)        Sevin SL                        1 qt               2 tsp

  APPLICATION:  Apply a second application in 10 days to 2 weeks.

GRANULES:

  (A)        Di-Syston 15% G                 Follow label directions
               (systemic granules)
  (C)        Temik 10% G (systemic granules)
             (Be sure to obtain a copy of the Florida Special Local Need Label
             (1987 24c label) from your dealer for application rates and
             precautions regarding field and greenhouse-grown plants.)

  APPLICATION:  Follow label directions and precautions.
  REMARKS:  Most common on azalea, hawthorne, lantana, sycamore and
  pyracantha.  Spray underside of foliage thoroughly.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\v*Labeled Use Code:  (A) non-greenhouse - shadehouse and field only;
\v  (B) greenhouse use only; (C) both greenhouse and non-greenhouse;
\v  (F24C) product has a 24c label for use on ornamentals in Florida.
\v**The recommended pesticides are available in many different formulations,
\v  only one or two of the more common are listed.  Be sure to read and follow
\v  all label directions and precautions closely.
\h 2 'Leafminers'


                                   Leafminers

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Labeled*                                            Amounts per
Use Code     Pesticide and Formulation**     100 gal            1 gal
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SPRAYS:

  (A)        Diazinon 4E (AG500)             1 pt               1 tsp
  (A)        Diazinon 50% WP                 1 lb               1 TBSP
  (A)        Dimethoate (Cygon 2E)           1 1/2 pt           1 1/2 tsp
               (systemic liquid)
  (A)        Lindane 20% EC                  1 pt               1 tsp

  APPLICATION:  Apply a second application in 10 days.

GRANULES:

  (A)        Di-Syston 15% G                 Follow label directions
               (systemic granules; labeled
               for certain leafminers -
               see label)
(C,F24C)     Temik 10% G (systemic granules)
             (Be sure to obtain a copy of the Florida Special Local Need Label
             (1987 24c label) from your dealer for application rates and
             precautions regarding field and greenhouse-grown plants.)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\v*Labeled Use Code:  (A) non-greenhouse - shadehouse and field only;
\v  (B) greenhouse use only; (C) both greenhouse and non-greenhouse;
\v  (F24C) product has a 24c label for use on ornamentals in Florida.
\v**The recommended pesticides are available in many different formulations,
\v  only one or two of the more common are listed.  Be sure to read and follow
\v  all label directions and precautions closely.
\b\v
\h 2 'Leafrollers, Leaf Tiers'
\v
\v
                            Leafrollers, Leaf Tiers

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Labeled*                                            Amounts per
Use Code     Pesticide and Formulation**     100 gal            1 gal
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SPRAYS:

  (C)        Bacillus thuringiensis          Follow label directions
               (a spreader-sticker is
               recommended)
  (A)        Methomyl (Lannate L)            Follow label directions
  (A)        Sevin SL                        1 qt               2 tsp

  APPLICATION:  Apply a second application in 10 days to 2 weeks.
  REMARKS:  Apply when first noticed.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\v*Labeled Use Code:  (A) non-greenhouse - shadehouse and field only;
\v  (B) greenhouse use only; (C) both greenhouse and non-greenhouse;
\v  (F24C) product has a 24c label for use on ornamentals in Florida.
\v**The recommended pesticides are available in many different formulations,
\v  only one or two of the more common are listed.  Be sure to read and follow
\v  all label directions and precautions closely.
\b\v
\h 2 'Mealybugs (foliar)'
\v
\v
                               Mealybugs (foliar)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Labeled*                                            Amounts per
Use Code     Pesticide and Formulation**     100 gal            1 gal
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SPRAYS:

  (C)        Bendiocarb 76% WP               Follow label directions
               (Dycarb, Turcam)
  (A)        Diazinon 25% EC                 2 pt               2 tsp
  (A)        Dimethoate (Cygon 2E)           2 pt               2 tsp
               (systemic liquid)
  (A)        Dursban 2E                      2 pt               2 tsp
               (use with caution until the
               phytotoxic effects on your
               plants under your conditions
               are determined)
  (C)        Knoxout 2 FM                    3 - 6 pt           1/2 - 1 fl oz
  (A)        Malathion 57% EC                2-3 pt             2-3 tsp
  (A)        Malathion 25% WP                4-6 lb             4-6 TBSP
  (C)        Orthene 75% SP                  2/3 lb             2 tsp
  (B)        Talstar 10 WP                   6 - 16 oz          ---
  (C)        Vydate 2L                       2-4 pt             2-4 tsp
               (systemic liquid)

  APPLICATION:  Apply a second application in 2 to 3 weeks.  A third may be
  necessary if a non-systemic insecticide is applied.

GRANULES:

(C,F24C)     Temik 10% G (systemic granules)
             (Be sure to obtain a copy of the Florida Special Local Need Label
             (1987 24c label) from your dealer for application rates and
             precautions regarding field and greenhouse-grown plants.)

DIP:

  (C)        Mavrick Aquaflow                5 fl  oz           ---

  APPLICATION:  Submerge cuttings for one minute.
  REMARKS:  Refer to section on scales.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\v*Labeled Use Code:  (A) non-greenhouse - shadehouse and field only;
\v  (B) greenhouse use only; (C) both greenhouse and non-greenhouse; (F24C)
\v  product has a 24c label for use on ornamentals in Florida.
\v**The recommended pesticides are available in many different formulations,
\v  only one or two of the more common are listed.  Be sure to read and follow
\v  all label directions and precautions closely.
\b\v
\h 2 'Mealybugs (root)'
\v
\v
                                Mealybugs (root)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Labeled*                                            Amounts per
Use Code     Pesticide and Formulation**     100 gal            1 gal
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SPRAYS:

(C,F24C)     Diazinon 4E (AG500)             2 pt               2 tsp
(C,F24C)     Diazinon 50 WP                  2 lb               2 TBSP
  (C)        Vydate 2L                       Follow label directions
               (systemic liquid)

  APPLICATION:  Apply as a soil drench.  Apply a second application in one
  week.

GRANULES:

(C,F24C)     Temik 10% G (systemic granules)
             (Be sure to obtain a copy of the Florida Special Local Need Label
             (1987 24c label) from your dealer for application rates and
             precautions regarding field and greenhouse-grown plants.)

  APPLICATION:  Follow all label directions and precautions closely.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\v*Labeled Use Code:  (A) non-greenhouse - shadehouse and field only;
\v  (B) greenhouse use only; (C) both greenhouse and non-greenhouse;
\v  (F24C) product has a 24c label for use on ornamentals in Florida.
\v**The recommended pesticides are available in many different formulations,
\v  only one or two of the more common are listed.  Be sure to read and follow
\v  all label directions and precautions closely.
\b\v
\h 2 'Mites (Spider and Tumid)'
\v
\v
                            Mites (Spider and Tumid)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Labeled*                                            Amounts per
Use Code      Pesticide and Formulation**    100 gal            1 gal
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SPRAYS:

  (C)        Avid 0.15 EC                    See label for rates
               (At present, Avid is not
               labeled for woody ornamentals,
               only foliage and flowering
               plants.)
  (A)        dicofol                         See label for directions
  (C)        Insecticidal Soap (Safer's)     See label directions
  (C)        Mavrik Aquaflow                 5 fl oz
  (C)        Omite CR                        See label for rates
  (C)        Pentac 50% WP                   1/2 lb             1/2 TBSP
               (If possible, apply late
               afternoon due to ultraviolet
               breakdown.)
  (B)        Talstar 10 WP                   6 - 16 oz           ---
  (C)        Vendex 4L                       1 - 2 qt           2 - 4 tsp
  (C)        Vendex 50% WP                   1/2 - 1 lb          ---
  (C)        Vydate 2L                       1 - 2 qt           2 - 4 tsp
               (systemic liquid)

  APPLICATION:  Apply a second application in 5-6 days.
  REMARKS:  Spray underside of foliage thoroughly.  Some growers switch
  classes of miticides every few months to help avoid resistance.  Avid,
  dicofol, Mavrik, Omite, Pentac, Temik, and Vendex each belong to a different
  class. Thorough coverage of growth is very important to control.

GRANULES:

(C,F24C)     Temik 10% G (systemic granules)
             (Be sure to obtain a copy of the Florida Special Local Need Label
             (1987 24c label) from your dealer for application rates and
             precautions regarding field and greenhouse-grown plants.)

DIP:

  (C)        Mavrick Aquaflow                5 fl oz             ---
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\v*Labeled Use Code:  (A) non-greenhouse - shadehouse and field only;
\v  (B) greenhouse use only; (C) both greenhouse and non-greenhouse;
\v  (F24C) product has a 24c label for use on ornamentals in Florida.
\v**The recommended pesticides are available in many different formulations,
\v  only one or two of the more common are listed.  Be sure to read and follow
\v  all label directions and precautions closely.
\b\v
\h 2 'Mites (Broad)'
\v
\v
                                 Mites (Broad)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Labeled*                                            Amounts per
Use Code     Pesticide and Formulation**     100 gal            1 gal
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SPRAYS:

  (C)        Avid 0.15 EC                    See label for directions
  (A)        dicofol                         See label for directions
  (C)        Pentac 50% WP                   1/2 lb             1 1/2 tsp
               (If possible apply late
               afternoon due to ultra-
               violet breakdown.)
  (C)        Pentac Aquaflow                 8 fl oz/100 gal water in green-
               (If possible apply late       house;  16 fl oz/A in field using
               afternoon due to ultra-       sufficient water to wet plants
               violet breakdown.)

  APPLICATION:  Apply three applications at 7 to 10 day intervals.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\v*Labeled Use Code:  (A) non-greenhouse - shadehouse and field only;
\v  (B) greenhouse use only; (C) both greenhouse and non-greenhouse.
\v**The recommended pesticides are available in many different formulations,
\v  only one or two of the more common are listed.  Be sure to read and follow
\v  all label directions and precautions closely.
\h 2 'Mites (Cyclamen)'


                                Mites (Cyclamen)

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Labeled*                                            Amounts per
Use Code     Pesticide and Formulation**     100 gal            1 gal
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SPRAYS:

  (A)        dicofol                         See label for directions
  (C)        Thiodan 2 EC                    1 qt               2 tsp

  APPLICATION:  Three applications at 7 day intervals.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\v*Labeled Use Code:  (A) non-greenhouse - shadehouse and field only;
\v  (B) greenhouse use only; (C) both greenhouse and non-greenhouse;
\v  (F24C) product has a 24c label for use on ornamentals in Florida.
\v**The recommended pesticides are available in many different formulations,
\v  only one or two of the more common are listed.  Be sure to read and follow
\v  all label directions and precautions closely.
\b\v
\h 2 'Scales'
\v
\v
                                     Scales

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Labeled*                                            Amounts per
Use Code     Pesticide and Formulation**     100 gal            1 gal
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SPRAYS:

  (C)        Bendiocarb 76% WP               Follow label directions
               (Dycarb, Turcam)
  (A)        Diazinon 4E (AG500)             1 pt               1 tsp
  (A)        Diazinon 50% WP                 1 lb               1 TBSP
  (A)        Dimethoate (Cygon 2E)           1 1/2 pt           1 1/2 tsp
               (systemic liquid)
  (A)        Dursban 2E                      4 pt               4 tsp
               (Use with caution until
               phytotoxic effects on your
               plants under your conditions
               are determined.  Labeled for
               certain scale crawlers only.
               See label.  Be cautious of
               phytotoxicity with high rate
               for scale crawler control.)
  (C)        Orthene 75% SP                  2/3 lb             2 tsp
  (C)        Vydate 2L                       2 - 4 pt           2 - 4 tsp
               (systemic liquid)

  APPLICATION:  Apply a second application in 2-3 weeks. If mature, a 3rd or
  4th application may be required, especially if a non-systemic insecticide is
  used.

SOIL DRENCH:

  (A)        Dimethoate (Cygon 2E)           1 pt               1 tsp
               (systemic liquid)

  APPLICATION:  Follow label directions.

GRANULES:

  (A)        Di-Syston 15% G                 Follow label directions
                (systemic granules;
                labeled for certain scales)
  (A)        Temik 10% G (systemic granules)
             (Be sure to obtain a copy of the Florida Special Local Need Label
             (1987 24c label) from your dealer for application rates and
             precautions regarding field and greenhouse-grown plants.)

  REMARKS:  Scales and mealybugs are very difficult to control when mature.
  Inspect plants closely at weekly intervals or carry on a preventative
  program especially on plants where scale problems have occurred in
  the past.  Diazinon and Orthene are not suggested for mature scales
  (crawlers only).
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\v*Labeled Use Code:  (A) non-greenhouse - shadehouse and field only;
\v  (B) greenhouse use only; (C) both greenhouse and non-greenhouse.
\v**The recommended pesticides are available in many different formulations,
\v  only one or two of the more common are listed.  Be sure to read and follow
\v  all label directions and precautions closely.
\b\v
\h 2 'Slugs and Snails'
\v
\v
                                Slugs and Snails

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Labeled*                                            Amounts per
Use Code     Pesticide and Formulation**     100 gal            1 gal
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SPRAYS:

  (C)        Metaldehyde 50% WP              6-8 lb             6-8 TBSP

  APPLICATION:  Repeated application at 2 week intervals may be necessary.

BAITS:

  (C)        Mesurol bait                    Follow label directions
  (C)        Metaldehyde bait                Follow label directions
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\v*Labeled Use Code:  (A) non-greenhouse - shadehouse and field only;
\v  (B) greenhouse use only; (C) both greenhouse and non-greenhouse;
\v  (F24C) product has a 24c label for use on ornamentals in Florida.
\v**The recommended pesticides are available in many different formulations,
\v  only one or two of the more common are listed.  Be sure to read and follow
\v  all label directions and precautions closely.
\h 2 'Springtails'


                                  Springtails

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Labeled*                                            Amounts per
Use Code     Pesticide and Formulation**     100 gal            1 gal
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GRANULES:

(C,F24C)     Temik 10% G (systemic granules)
             (Be sure to obtain a copy of the Florida Special Local Need Label
             (1987 24c label) from your dealer for application rates and
             precautions regarding field and greenhouse-grown plants.)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\v*Labeled Use Code:  (A) non-greenhouse - shadehouse and field only;
\v  (B) greenhouse use only; (C) both greenhouse and non-greenhouse;
\v  (F24C) product has a 24c label for use on ornamentals in Florida.
\v**The recommended pesticides are available in many different formulations,
\v  only one or two of the more common are listed.  Be sure to read and follow
\v  all label directions and precautions closely.
\b\v
\h 2 'Thrips'
\v
\v
                                     Thrips

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Labeled*                                            Amounts per
Use Code     Pesticide and Formulation**     100 gal            1 gal
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SPRAYS:

  (A)        Dimethoate (Cygon 2E)           Follow label directions
               (systemic liquid)
  (A)        Dursban 2E                      2 pt               2 tsp
               (Use with caution until the
               phytotoxic effects on your
               plants under your conditions
               are determined.)
  (A)        Lindane 20% EC                  1 pt               1 tsp
  (A)        Malathion 25% WP                5 lb               5 TBSP
  (A)        Malathion 57% EC                2 pt               2 tsp
  (C)        Mavrik Aquaflow                 See label for rates
  (C)        Orthene 75% SP                  2/3 lb             2 tsp
  (C)        Vydate 2L                       2-4 pt             2-4 tsp
               (systemic liquid)

  APPLICATION:  Apply a second application in 7-10 days.

GRANULES:

  (A)        Di-Syston 15% G                 Follow label directions
               (systemic granules)
(C,F24C)     Temik 10% G (systemic granules)
             (Be sure to obtain a copy of the Florida Special Local Need Label
             (1987 24c label) from your dealer for application rates and
             precautions regarding field and greenhouse-grown plants.)

  APPLICATION:  Follow label directions and precautions.
  REMARKS:  A problem, especially in the spring.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\v*Labeled Use Code:  (A) non-greenhouse - shadehouse and field only;
\v  (B) greenhouse use only; (C) both greenhouse and non-greenhouse;
\v  (F24C) product has a 24c label for use on ornamentals in Florida.
\v**The recommended pesticides are available in many different formulations,
\v  only one or two of the more common are listed.  Be sure to read and follow
\v  all label directions and precautions closely.
\b\v
\h 2 'Whiteflies'
\v
\v
                                   Whiteflies

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Labeled*                                            Amounts per
Use Code     Pesticide and Formulation**     100 gal            1 gal
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SPRAYS:

  (A)        Diazinon 25% EC                 2 pt               2 tsp
  (A)        Diazinon 4E (AG500)             1 pt               1 tsp
  (A)        Diazinon 50% WP                 1 lb               1 TBSP
  (A)        Dimethoate (Cygon 2E)           Follow label directions
               (systemic liquid)
  (A)        Dursban 2E                      1 pt               1 tsp
               (Use with caution until
               phytotoxic effects on your
               plants under your conditions
               are determined.)
  (A)        Malathion 57% EC                Follow label directions
  (A)        Malathion 25% WP                2 1/2 lb           2 1/2 TBSP
  (C)        Orthene 75% SP                  2/3 lb             2 tsp
  (B)        Resmethrin (SBP-1382-2EC)       Follow label directions
  (B)        Resmethrin 1% aerosol           Follow label directions
              (Whitmire No. 1200, adults only)
  (C)        Thiodan 3 EC                    2/3 qt             1 1/3 tsp
  (C)        Vydate 2L                       1-2 qt             2-4 tsp
               (systemic liquid)

  APPLICATION:  Apply a second application in 10 days to 2 weeks. Spray
  underside of foliage thoroughly.  There are three major generations each
  year. In the Gainesville area these occur in late March, mid June and late
  August.

GRANULES:

  (A)        Di-Syston 15% G                 Follow label directions
               (systemic granules)
(C,F24C)     Temik 10% G (systemic granules)
             (Be sure to obtain a copy of the Florida Special Local Need Label
             (1987 24c label) from your dealer for application rates and
             precautions regarding field and greenhouse-grown plants.)

DIP:

  (C)        Mavrick Aquaflow                5 fl  oz            ---

  APPLICATION:  Submerge cuttings for one minute.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*Labeled Use Code:  (A) non-greenhouse - shadehouse and field only;
  (B) greenhouse use only; (C) both greenhouse and non-greenhouse;
  (F24C) product has a 24c label for use on ornamentals in Florida.
**The recommended pesticides are available in many different formulations,
  only one or two of the more common are listed.  Be sure to read and follow
  all label directions and precautions closely.
