==================================BSR26================================== 26. Effect of radiation (localized or whole body) on monoclonal antibody localization on human tumors (xenografted) growing in nude mice or any other animal system. 1 UI - 87075254 AU - O'Dwyer PJ ; Mojzisik CM ; Hinkle GH ; Rousseau M ; Olsen J ; Tuttle SE ; Barth RF ; Thurston MO ; McCabe DP ; Farrar WB ; et al TI - Intraoperative probe-directed immunodetection using a monoclonal antibody. AB - To assess monoclonal antibody (MAb) 17-1A and its F(ab')2 fragment in intraoperative radioimmunodetection and to evaluate further the clinical usefulness of a hand-held gamma-detecting probe (GDP), we injected radiolabeled monoclonal antibody 17-1A three to six days preoperatively or its F(ab')2 fragment two to three days preoperatively into 18 patients with colorectal cancer. Intraoperative GDP counts with tumor-tissue ratios of 1.5:1 or greater were obtained from 15 (75%) of 20 tumor sites, with ratios averaging 2.3:1 for fragments and 3.4:1 for whole antibody. The GDP counts contributed to intraoperative decision making in three patients, either by localization of tumor not identified by inspection or palpation or by mapping margins of resection with histologic confirmation of a local/regional recurrence. These preliminary data demonstrate that probe-directed, intraoperative radioimmunodetection can assist the surgeon in detecting subclinical tumor deposits and thus better evaluate the extent of primary or recurrent colorectal cancers intraoperatively. MH - Adult ; Animal ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*DIAGNOSTIC USE ; Case Report ; Colonic Neoplasms/*DIAGNOSIS/SURGERY ; Evaluation Studies ; Female ; Human ; Immunoglobulins, Fab/*DIAGNOSTIC USE ; Intraoperative Care ; Iodine Radioisotopes/*DIAGNOSTIC USE ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Middle Age ; Rectal Neoplasms/*DIAGNOSIS/SURGERY ; Scintillation Counting/ *INSTRUMENTATION SO - Arch Surg 1986 Dec;121(12):1391-4 2 UI - 87051331 AU - Badger CC ; Krohn KA ; Shulman H ; Flournoy N ; Bernstein ID TI - Experimental radioimmunotherapy of murine lymphoma with 131I-labeled anti-T-cell antibodies. AB - We have shown previously that 131I-labeled antibodies against the Thy-1.1 differentiation antigen can cure AKR/Cum (Thy-1.2+) mice bearing AKR/J (Thy-1.1+) SL2 T-cell lymphoma. In the present study we have extended these studies to the therapy of SL2 lymphoma in AKR/J mice, where 131I-anti-labeled Thy-1.1 antibodies react with both tumor and normal T-lymphocytes. A single 25-micrograms bolus of 131I-labeled anti-Thy-1.1 antibody was rapidly cleared from serum by binding to spleen cells (t1/2 less than 3 h) and only low concentrations (less than 2% injected dose/g) were present in tumor 24 h after infusion. Doses of 0.5-5.0 mg antibody saturated cells in the spleen but only slightly increased the proportion of antibody in tumor. In contrast, pretreatment of mice with 1.0 mg of unlabeled anti-Thy-1.1 antibody 24 h prior to 131I-labeled antibody resulted in a tumor concentration of 9.7% injected dose/g 24 h after infusion of the radiolabeled antibody. With this latter regimen, biodistribution approximated that seen in AKR/Cum mice, and infusion of 1,000 mu Ci would result in delivery of 16 Gy to tumor. Therapy of AKR/J mice bearing established s.c. lymphoma nodules with 1,500 mu Ci of 131I-anti-Thy-1.1 antibody given in this latter regimen resulted in complete regression of the nodule in 70% of animals and had a greater antitumor effect (27% complete regression, P less than 0.001) than 750 mu Ci of 131I-labeled irrelevant antibody, a dose that would deliver equivalent radiation to normal organs (liver, kidney, and lung). The anti-Thy-1.1 antibody had only a slightly greater antitumor effect than an equivalent mu Ci dose (1,500 mu Ci) of 131I-labeled control antibody (42% complete regression, P = 0.12). Both antibodies were marrow toxic and all animals treated with 1,500 mu Ci died of marrow aplasia. These studies suggest that radiolabeled antibodies against differentiation antigens may be useful for therapy in spite of binding to normal cell populations but curative therapy may require infusion of unirradiated bone marrow. MH - Animal ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/ADMINISTRATION & DOSAGE/*THERAPEUTIC USE ; Immunotherapy ; Iodine Radioisotopes/*ADMINISTRATION & DOSAGE ; Isoantibodies/ADMINISTRATION & DOSAGE/METABOLISM/*THERAPEUTIC USE ; Lymphoma/*THERAPY ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred AKR ; Radiation Dosage ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. SO - Cancer Res 1986 Dec;46(12 Pt 1):6223-8 3 UI - 87002056 AU - Trimpe KL ; Zwilling BS TI - Modulation of B16 melanoma antigen expression by lymphokines and dimethyl sulfoxide. AB - We have developed two monoclonal antibodies, designated 152 E12 D7 and 153 C7 A6, which have reactivity with cell surface antigens expressed on the B16 mouse melanoma. These monoclonal antibodies are produced by hybridomas resulting from the fusion of splenocytes taken from C57BL/6 mice bearing the B16-F10 tumor. The monoclonal antibodies are of the immunoglobulin M class and have been shown to react with three variants of the B16 and another mouse melanoma but no normal murine tissues. Exposure of B16 melanoma cells to a concanavalin A stimulated spleen cell mixed lymphokine preparation (LK) and to dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) enhanced the expression of the cell surface antigens recognized by these monoclonal antibodies. The cultures stimulated with LK or DMSO contained a greater proportion of cells expressing the antigens recognized by monoclonal antibodies 152 E12 D7 and 153 C7 A6 than did unstimulated controls. In addition to increasing the proportion of antigen-positive cells, the antigen expression per cell, as measured by fluorescence intensity, was substantially increased following exposure to LK and DMSO. The effects of treatment with LK or DMSO were apparent after 24 h exposure but did not persist after the agent was removed from the cultures, suggesting that the enhancement of antigen expression was a transient event rather than a permanent differentiation of the melanoma cells. MH - Animal ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/IMMUNOLOGY ; Antigens, Neoplasm/*ANALYSIS ; Antigens, Surface/*ANALYSIS ; Cell Line ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide/ *PHARMACODYNAMICS ; Fluorescence ; Lymphokines/*PHARMACODYNAMICS ; Male ; Melanoma/*IMMUNOLOGY ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neoplasm Proteins/*ANALYSIS/BIOSYNTHESIS ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. SO - Cancer Res 1986 Oct;46(10):4953-9 4 UI - 86252245 AU - Ohnishi K ; Bonavida B TI - Mapping of SJL/J reticulum cell sarcoma tumor-associated Ia antigens by T cell hybridomas: characterization of tumor-specific and shared epitopes detected on IE+ allogeneic cells. AB - Previous studies have suggested that reticulum cell sarcoma (RCS) tumor cells of SJL/J (IA + IE-) mice express neospecificities that are related to antigenic specificities characteristic of IE+ allogeneic cells. These neospecificities have also been suggested to play a role in the strong syngeneic antitumor proliferative response as well as in regulating RCS growth in vivo. The present studies characterize four RCS tumor-specific T cell hybridoma clones prepared from the fusion of BW5147 thymoma with T cells derived from lymph nodes of tumor-bearing mice. Upon stimulation, these hybridomas secrete IL 2 in the supernatant. Two hybridomas responded to RCS to IE+k and to IE+d allogeneic cells, respectively, and the other two hybridomas were tumor specific. The specificity of these hybridomas was assessed by response to both spontaneous and transplantable RCS lines and failure to stimulate a response by either normal or LPS-induced B cell blasts from the host SJL/J cells. The epitopes recognized by the T cell hybridomas were examined by the ability of several monoclonal antibodies to inhibit the IL 2-induced response by the T cell hybridomas. Antibodies directed against the IABs polypeptide of the IA hybrid molecule blocked the antitumor response by all four hybridomas. However, the response to allogeneic IE+ cells was not blocked by anti-IAs antibody but was blocked by antibodies directed against either the IAk,d or IEk,d hybrid molecules or the corresponding alpha- or beta-chains. The response to both RCS and allogeneic cells was blocked by monoclonal antibodies directed against L3T4 antigens on the T cells. Based on the exquisite specificity of the T cell receptors, the results here demonstrate that RCS tumor cells express on their surface both tumor-specific I-A-associated epitopes and Ia-associated antigenic specificities that are shared with IE+ allogeneic cells. The present studies of adapting T cell hybridomas and blocki surface of tumor cells. These findings, when combined with structural studies, should help unravel the molecular complexity of tumor-associated antigens. MH - Animal ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/PHYSIOLOGY ; Antigenic Determinants/ *ANALYSIS/IMMUNOLOGY ; Antigens, Immune Response/*ANALYSIS ; Antigens, Neoplasm/*ANALYSIS ; Antigens, Surface/IMMUNOLOGY ; Binding, Competitive ; Comparative Study ; Female ; Glutaraldehyde/PHARMACODYNAMICS ; Histocompatibility Antigens/*IMMUNOLOGY ; Hybridomas/DRUG EFFECTS/ IMMUNOLOGY/RADIATION EFFECTS ; Interleukin 2/METABOLISM ; Lymphocyte Transformation/DRUG EFFECTS/RADIATION EFFECTS ; Lymphoma, Histiocytic/ *IMMUNOLOGY ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. ; T Lymphocytes/DRUG EFFECTS/*IMMUNOLOGY/RADIATION EFFECTS SO - J Immunol 1986 Jul 15;137(2):733-40 5 UI - 86308844 AU - Cheung NK ; Landmeier B ; Neely J ; Nelson AD ; Abramowsky C ; Ellery S ; Adams RB ; Miraldi F TI - Complete tumor ablation with iodine 131-radiolabeled disialoganglioside GD2-specific monoclonal antibody against human neuroblastoma xenografted in nude mice. AB - The antibody 3F8, an IgG3 murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against disialoganglioside GD2, could target iodine-131 (131I) to established subcutaneous human neuroblastoma (NB) xenografts in BALB/c nude mice. 131I-radiolabeled MoAb (0.125-1 mCi) was injected iv. Tumor radioactivity over time was calculated from scintigraphy, and radiation dose to individual tumors was calculated. Tumor shrinkage occurred only with 131I-labeled 3F8, but not with nonradioactive 3F8 or radiolabeled irrelevant antibody. While the tumor of the control mice enlarged by tenfold, the treated tumor showed over 95% shrinkage by 12 days. Both the rate of shrinkage and duration of tumor response were dose dependent. Calculated doses of more than 10,000 rad could be achieved. Only those tumors that received more than 4,200 rad were completely ablated without recurrence. Recurrent tumors were not antigen negative or radioresistant. These results confirmed the prediction based on imaging studies that human NB xenografts could be effectively eradicated with the use of 131I-labeled MoAb 3F8 with tolerable toxicities. MH - Animal ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*THERAPEUTIC USE ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Female ; Gangliosides/*IMMUNOLOGY ; Human ; Iodine Radioisotopes/TOXICITY/*THERAPEUTIC USE ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neuroblastoma/PATHOLOGY/ *RADIOTHERAPY ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. ; Transplantation, Heterologous SO - JNCI 1986 Sep;77(3):739-45 6 UI - 86307091 AU - Humm JL TI - Dosimetric aspects of radiolabeled antibodies for tumor therapy. AB - Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is rapidly attracting interest as a potential new weapon in the arsenal for cancer therapy. This article concentrates on some of the dosimetric aspects affecting the potential success of RIT, and examines factors which influence the choice of a radiolabel for RIT. No radionuclide is likely to give an optimum tumor/nontumor insult for all tumor types; therefore, the concept of matching the source to tumor morphology is introduced. Lists of candidate radionuclides are given, classified according to the type of decay, range, and energy of the emission. The article examines how the choice of radionuclide for radiolabeling the antibody affects the local energy deposition in the tumor. Both the effect of tumor size on the energy absorbed fraction and the problem of antibody binding heterogeneity are discussed. The approach to RIT is to relate the choice of radionuclide to the physical properties of the tumor. MH - Alpha Particles ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/ADMINISTRATION & DOSAGE ; Antibodies, Neoplasm/*ADMINISTRATION & DOSAGE ; Beta Rays ; Electrons ; Human ; Neoplasms/*RADIOTHERAPY ; Radioisotopes/*THERAPEUTIC USE ; Radiotherapy Dosage ; Review SO - J Nucl Med 1986 Sep;27(9):1490-7 7 UI - 86283295 AU - Defresne MP ; Rongy AM ; Greimers R ; Boniver J TI - Cellular aspects of radiation leukemogenesis in C57 BL/Ka mice: alterations to thymic microenvironment and lymphopoiesis. AB - After a leukemogenic split dose course of irradiation, thymic nurse cells (TNCs) disappear. We have correlated this with the loss of an epithelial cell surface antigen (recognized by monoclonal antibody ER-TR3 and tentatively identified as Ia). In addition, epithelial cells have lost their capacity to interact with fetal thymocytes in vitro. Marrow grafting early after irradiation, that prevents the development of lymphomas, restores thymic nurse cells and thymocyte population. Such reconstitution and lymphoma prevention were not observed when marrow grafting was performed later (1 month after irradiation) during the preleukemic period. MH - Animal ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/IMMUNOLOGY ; Antigens, Surface/ANALYSIS ; Epithelium/PATHOLOGY/RADIATION EFFECTS ; Hematopoiesis/RADIATION EFFECTS ; Leukemia, Radiation-Induced/IMMUNOLOGY/*PATHOLOGY ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Preleukemia/IMMUNOLOGY/*PATHOLOGY ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Thymus Gland/IMMUNOLOGY/*PATHOLOGY/RADIATION EFFECTS SO - Leuk Res 1986;10(7):783-9 8 UI - 86280722 AU - Wessels BW ; Griffith MH TI - Miniature thermoluminescent dosimeter absorbed dose measurements in tumor phantom models. AB - Miniature teflon-imbedded CaSO4:Dy thermoluminescent dosimeter(s) (TLD) have been sized and cut to fit inside a syringe needle. These dosimeters have been shown to be linear in response to beta and high energy gamma radiation. This allows for their direct implantation into tumor-bearing animals undergoing radioimmunotherapy and subsequent measurement of dose deposition on a per organ basis. In order to perform these radiolabeled antibody dose measurements with sufficient accuracy, static calibration data must first be generated. Consequently, phantom models were constructed with artificial tumors of diameters ranging from 3-30 mm contained in a surrounding tissue equivalent medium. The TLD were used to characterize dose distributions in a radial direction from the center of the cylindrical tumor volumes containing 131I, 32P, or 90Y radionuclides. Absorbed dose measurements in the boundary region between tumor and outer medium were found to be dependent on the: tumor specific activity, average range of the beta radiation, and radial tumor dimensions. MH - Antibodies, Monoclonal/DIAGNOSTIC USE/*THERAPEUTIC USE ; Human ; Models, Structural ; Neoplasms/RADIONUCLIDE IMAGING/*RADIOTHERAPY/THERAPY ; Radioisotopes/DIAGNOSTIC USE/THERAPEUTIC USE ; *Radiotherapy Dosage ; Thermoluminescent Dosimetry/*INSTRUMENTATION SO - J Nucl Med 1986 Aug;27(8):1308-14 9 UI - 86267193 AU - Braylan RC ; Benson NA ; Benson BA ; Nourse VA TI - Analysis of neoplastic leukocyte surface antigens in unfractionated blood. AB - The detection of leukemic cells in peripheral blood is based on cytologic and cytochemical methods. Recently, the characterization of leukemic cells has been improved by the analysis of cell surface antigens. Abundant leukemic cells are relatively easy to identify. Small numbers of circulating leukemic cells, however, may be difficult to recognize by conventional or immunological techniques. This is of particular importance in treated patients in whom the presence of low levels of circulating leukemic cells may have considerable clinical relevance. We used multiparameter correlated flow cytometric analysis to detect and characterize human leukemia/lymphoma cells in small samples of unfractionated peripheral blood. Leukocyte surface antigens were labeled with monoclonal antibodies and simultaneous forward and right-angle light scatter and fluorescence signals were measured from each cell. An interactive computer program was written that permitted the two light scatter measurements to be displayed on the screen on a cell-by-cell basis (dot-plot). Subpopulations of interest could then be selected on the dot-plot for analysis of their fluorescence distribution. On the basis of their dual scatter properties and their antigenic profile, neoplastic leukocytes were recognized even in cases in which leukemic cells were infrequent and not detectable by conventional cytologic methods. MH - Animal ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antigens, Surface/*ANALYSIS ; Flow Cytometry ; Leukocytes/*IMMUNOLOGY ; Light ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*BLOOD ; Scattering, Radiation ; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. SO - Ann NY Acad Sci 1986;468:160-70 10 UI - 86137751 AU - Negishi Y ; Miura M ; Saito M ; Sano Y ; Akiya K ; Fujiwara Y TI - Studies of natural killer activity and augmentation by OK-432 in patients with gynecological malignancies. AB - The natural killer (NK) and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxic (ADCC) activities were determined in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with gynecologic malignancy. The effects of a preparation of Streptococcus pyogenes (OK-432) and of interferon were determined. Patients with advanced cancer exhibited lower natural cytotoxicity than normal women. NK and ADCC activities were decreased following surgery and NK activity was decreased following chemotherapy. Radiation reduced the percentage of Leu-7-positive cells in the circulation of the patients. OK-432 augmented the NK activity of both healthy women and patients with early malignancy. Interferon was less effective than OK-432 in augmenting NK activity. MH - Adult ; Aged ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/DIAGNOSTIC USE ; Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity/DRUG EFFECTS/RADIATION EFFECTS ; Cervix Neoplasms/ IMMUNOLOGY/THERAPY ; *Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/DRUG EFFECTS/RADIATION EFFECTS ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Genital Neoplasms, Female/*IMMUNOLOGY/ RADIOTHERAPY/THERAPY ; Human ; Interferon Type I/PHARMACODYNAMICS ; Killer Cells, Natural/DRUG EFFECTS/RADIATION EFFECTS ; Middle Age ; Ovarian Neoplasms/IMMUNOLOGY/THERAPY ; Picibanil/PHARMACODYNAMICS ; T Lymphocytes/IMMUNOLOGY ; Uterine Neoplasms/IMMUNOLOGY/THERAPY ; Vulvar Neoplasms/IMMUNOLOGY/THERAPY SO - Gynecol Obstet Invest 1986;21(1):40-6 11 UI - 86108687 AU - Falkenburg JH ; Fibbe WE ; Veenhof WF ; Koning F ; van Eeden G ; Voogt PJ ; Jansen J TI - Selective removal of clonogenic neoplastic B cells from human bone marrow using anti-HLA-DQ antibodies and complement. AB - Polymorphic HLA-DQ (DC/MB) determinants appeared to be not expressed on human hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC), using several murine monoclonal and human polyclonal antibodies in a complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) assay. Since mature HLA-DR-positive malignant lymphoma cells prove to be HLA-DQ positive, an attempt was made to remove clonogenic neoplastic DQwl-positive B cells selectively from DQwl-positive marrow samples without affecting hematopoietic progenitor cells. Using a combination of a clonogenic tumor cell assay, an HPC culture assay, and a mixed-tumor-cell-HPC culture assay, selective elimination of more than 98% of clonogenic neoplastic cells from tumor-cell-contaminated bone marrow suspensions was achieved with monoclonal anti-DQ antibodies and complement without depletion of HPC. These results indicate that anti-HLA-DQ antibodies can be used in autologous bone marrow transplantation to deplete the bone marrow cell suspension of DQ-positive malignant cells. MH - Antibodies, Monoclonal/DIAGNOSTIC USE ; Antigenic Determinants/IMMUNOLOGY ; Antigens, Immune Response/*IMMUNOLOGY ; B Lymphocytes/IMMUNOLOGY ; Bone Marrow/*CYTOLOGY/TRANSPLANTATION ; Cell Line ; Complement/DIAGNOSTIC USE ; Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic ; Fluorescence ; Granulocytes/CYTOLOGY ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/IMMUNOLOGY ; Human ; Monocytes/CYTOLOGY ; Neoplasms, Experimental/PATHOLOGY ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Tumor Stem Cell Assay SO - Exp Hematol 1986 Feb;14(2):101-7 12 UI - 86204703 AU - Ogawa Y ; Maeda T ; Seguchi H ; Yoshida S ; Inomata T ; Hamada F TI - Changes in peripheral lymphocyte subsets during radiotherapy for lung cancer patients. AB - In order to better understand the immunologic effects of irradiation, blood levels of lymphocyte subsets were sequentially monitored in 37 patients before and during irradiation treatment for lung cancer. During irradiation, the peripheral blood levels of each T cell subgroup, OKT3-reactive (OKT3+), OKT4+, OKT8+ and OKT11+ lymphocytes showed similar radiosensitivity. No selective depletion of either OKT4+ or OKT8+ lymphocytes was seen. The levels of OKT6+ and OKT9+ lymphocytes were different depending on the case. At the end of irradiation, the percent of lymphocytes bearing the OKT10 antigen increased significantly. As to OKM1+ and OKIa1+ lymphocytes, the levels were almost consistent but showed a rather big standard deviation. MH - Aged ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/DIAGNOSTIC USE ; Antigens, Surface/ANALYSIS ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Female ; Human ; Leukocyte Count/RADIATION EFFECTS ; Lung Neoplasms/IMMUNOLOGY/*RADIOTHERAPY ; Lymphocytes/CLASSIFICATION/IMMUNOLOGY/*RADIATION EFFECTS ; Male SO - Oncology 1986;43(3):154-8 13 UI - 86166339 AU - Gusterson BA ; Clinton S ; Gough G TI - Studies of early invasive and intraepithelial squamous cell carcinomas using an antibody to type IV collagen. AB - Using a monoclonal antibody that is specific for type IV collagen we have examined examples of actinically damaged skin, intraepithelial carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas of varying degrees of differentiation for abnormalities in the basement membrane. In examples of intraepithelial carcinoma and the occasional early invasive carcinoma a residual type IV collagen framework is suggestive of tumour regression. Production of type IV collagen by some tumours supports the view that squamous cell carcinomas do not apparently require to destroy this basement membrane component in order to invade or to metastasize. MH - Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Basement Membrane/ANALYSIS/PATHOLOGY ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/ANALYSIS/*PATHOLOGY ; Collagen/*ANALYSIS/ IMMUNOLOGY ; Epithelium/ANALYSIS/PATHOLOGY ; Histocytochemistry ; Human ; Immunoenzyme Technics ; Skin/ANALYSIS/PATHOLOGY ; Skin Diseases/ETIOLOGY/ PATHOLOGY ; Skin Neoplasms/ANALYSIS/*PATHOLOGY ; Ultraviolet Rays SO - Histopathology 1986 Feb;10(2):161-9 14 UI - 86161333 AU - Kemshead JT ; Jones DH ; Lashford L ; Prichard J ; Gordon I ; Breatnach F ; Coakham HB TI - 131-I coupled to monoclonal antibodies as therapeutic agents for neuroectodermally derived tumors: fact or fiction? AB - It has been suggested that monoclonal antibodies may be useful in targeting cytotoxic compounds to tumor cells. We have explored their use in targeting 131-I to highly radiosensitive primitive neural tumors such as neuroblastoma and pineoblastomas. Two routes of administration have been employed, intravenous and intrathecal. Our current experience in using radiolabelled antibodies is described, indicating toxicities seen and any therapeutic benefit observed. The results of the study suggest that if targeted radiation has a role in the treatment of these malignancies, it will be restricted to the eradication of small tumor masses from the body. MH - Animal ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*ADMINISTRATION & DOSAGE/DIAGNOSTIC USE/ METABOLISM ; Bone Marrow/RADIATION EFFECTS ; Brain Neoplasms/RADIONUCLIDE IMAGING/RADIOTHERAPY ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Human ; Iodine Radioisotopes/*ADMINISTRATION & DOSAGE/DIAGNOSTIC USE ; Kinetics ; Male ; Mice ; Middle Age ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neuroblastoma/DIAGNOSIS/ *RADIOTHERAPY ; Radiation Dosage ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Transplantation, Heterologous SO - Cancer Drug Deliv 1986 Winter;3(1):25-43 15 UI - 86135165 AU - Terstappen LW ; de Grooth BG ; Nolten GM ; ten Napel CH ; van Berkel W ; Greve J TI - Physical discrimination between human T-lymphocyte subpopulations by means of light scattering, revealing two populations of T8-positive cells. AB - Light-scattering properties of human T-lymphocyte subpopulations selected by immunofluorescence were studied. Based on differences in orthogonal light scattering, two subpopulations of T8-positive cells can be distinguished. The first population (T8a) has the same orthogonal light-scattering properties as T4-positive cells, whereas the orthogonal light scattering of the second population (T8b) was about 70% larger. Orthogonal light scattering of Leu7-positive lymphocytes resembles that of the T8b population. We have studied the occurrence of the subpopulation in healthy individuals and we discuss their possible functional identification. Light-scattering properties of lymphocyte subpopulations in two patients with B-cell chronic lymphatic leukemia suggest that this observation is of clinical interest. MH - Antibodies, Monoclonal/DIAGNOSTIC USE ; B Lymphocytes ; Cell Separation ; Flow Cytometry ; Fluorescent Antibody Technic ; Human ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic/PATHOLOGY ; Light ; Scattering, Radiation ; T Lymphocytes/ *CLASSIFICATION/CYTOLOGY/PATHOLOGY SO - Cytometry 1986 Mar;7(2):178-83 16 UI - 86104695 AU - Boven E ; Lindmo T ; Mitchell JB ; Bunn PA Jr TI - Selective cytotoxicity of 125I-labeled monoclonal antibody T101 in human malignant T cell lines. AB - The radiolabeled anti-T cell antibody T101 can be used for specific tumor localization, but unlabeled T101 produces limited cytotoxicity in patients. We thus studied the in vitro cytotoxic effects of T101 labeled with 125I, a radionuclide known for its short-range, high-linear-energy electrons. We showed that 125I-T101 could be readily prepared at high specific activity with high immunoreactivity. Human malignant T cell lines HUT 102, MOLT-4, and HUT 78 were found to differ in the number of T65 determinants (the antigen recognized by T101) and the sensitivity to external x-ray radiation, which were of significance for the cytotoxicity of 125I-T101 in vitro. The cytotoxic effects of 125I-T101 were also found to be dose dependent and increased with exposure time under frozen conditions. As controls, unlabeled T101 had no cytotoxic effect, while free Na 125I or the 125I-labeled irrelevant antibody 9.2.27 exerted minor cytotoxicity. In HUT 102 and MOLT-4, more than 3 logs' cell killing was achieved within four weeks. Because considerable cytotoxicity was demonstrated in vitro by 125I-T101 on T65-positive malignant cells, and because low-dose 111In-T101 can be used successfully for tumor localization, future trials using 125I-T101 at high specific radioactivity may improve therapeutic results in patients with T65-positive malignancies. MH - Antibodies, Monoclonal/*IMMUNOLOGY ; Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity ; Antigen-Antibody Complex ; Antigenic Determinants ; Cell Line ; Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Endocytosis ; Freezing ; Human ; Iodine Radioisotopes/ ADMINISTRATION & DOSAGE ; Leukemia/*IMMUNOLOGY ; Lymphoma/*IMMUNOLOGY ; T Lymphocytes/*IMMUNOLOGY/RADIATION EFFECTS SO - Blood 1986 Feb;67(2):429-35