Subject: From: AIList Moderator Kenneth Laws <AIList-REQUEST%sri-ai.arpa@CSNET-RELAY>

From: [email-masked]
Date: Thu, 13 Feb 86 03:53:12 est

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Subject: AIList Digest   V4 #24
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AIList Digest           Wednesday, 12 Feb 1986     Volume 4 : Issue 24

Today's Topics:
  Queries - Literature Search & Distributed Databases,
  AI Tools - LISP Source Code,
  Applications - ISIS,
  Journals - Belgian AI/CogSci/Epistemology Journal,
  Re: Cognitive Psychology - Knowledge Structures
  Humor - Animated Computer Personalities & Paranoid Computers & Koans

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date: Mon, 10 Feb 86 14:52:34 CST
From: [email-masked]
Subject: Literature search.

I am beginning a research project on the control of multiple expert
systems in a single package/environment.  If anyone has any bibliographies
and/or references to literature on the control/scheduling/implementation
of multiple expert systems and would kindly share it with me I would
appreciate it.  Thanks

Glenn O. Veach
Artificial Intelligence Laboratory
Department of Computer Science
University of Kansas
Lawrence, KS  66044
(913) 864-4482

------------------------------

Date: 6 Feb 86 15:13:34 GMT
From: [email-masked]
      (R.H. Krahl)
Subject: Distributed Databases

Anyone having any articles or information in regards to distributed databases
with expert systems would be very much appreciated.  Thanks-in-advance.

Rich Krahl @ AT&T-ISL, Denver   EMAIL: {allegra, cbosgd, ihnp4}!druky!krahl
11900 N. Pecos
Denver, CO. 80234.

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Date: Sat, 8 Feb 86 14:07:34 pst
From: [email-masked] (Paul Fronberg)
Subject: Re: request for LISP source code

Try Scheme from the GNU emacs distribution. This is the version of LISP
utilized in "Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs". The
source is ~ $150 and includes GNU emacs + Scheme + Bison (as of 7/85).
There was no problem in getting Scheme to build on either BSD 4.2 or USG V.2
(slight modification of build files necessary in the last case).

------------------------------

Date: Mon 10 Feb 86 15:52:39-CST
From: [email-masked]
Subject: Re: ISIS

ISIS is a factory scheduling KBS developed by Mark Fox and Stephen Smith
at the Intelligent Systems Laboratory of the Robotics Institute at CMU,
in conjunction with Westinghouse.  It constructs job-shop schedules,
monitors performance and avoids production bottlenecks, by evaluating and
resolving conflicting factors such as productivity goals, resource
requirements and machine preferences.

References:

Fox and Smith, "ISIS -- a KBS for factory scheduling", Expert Systems, v. 1,
n. 1, July 1984, pp. 25-49.

Fox, Smith, et al, "ISIS: A Constraint-Directed Reasoning Approach to Job
Shop Scheduling", Proc IEEE Conf. on Trends and Applications 83, Gaithers-
berg, MD, May 1983.

Dallas Webster
Burroughs Austin Research Center
[email-masked]
{ihnp4, seismo, ctvax}!ut-sally!batman!dallas

------------------------------

Date: 10 FEB 86 17:04-N
From: [email-masked]
Subject: Info on Belgian AI journal (AIList)

The journal is called:
Title: CC-AI
Subtitle: The journal for the integrated study of Artificial
          Intelligence, Cognitive Science and Applied Epistemology.
Editorial Address:
CC-AI
Blandijnberg 2
B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
tel. +32 (91) 257571, ext. 4522
TELEX RUGENT 12.754
Publisher:
Communication & Cognition
(Same address)

                                 Gerard Kempen

------------------------------

Date: Mon, 10 Feb 86 18:23:59 pst
From: [email-masked] (Koenraad Lecot)
Subject: Re: J. of AI, Cognitive Science and Applied Epistemology

The journal had a couple of issues last year. Papers cover a wide variety
of topics within AI. Not too technical stuff. Have not received any issues
this year yet.

 -- Koenraad Lecot

------------------------------

Date: Tue, 11 Feb 86 09:36:10 cst
From: [email-masked] (Bill Bulko)
Reply-to: [email-masked] (Bill Bulko)
Subject: Re: Cognitive Psychology - Knowledge Structures

     My attempted mail reply to [email-masked] failed, so I'm
posting this instead.  The request was for pointers to articles dealing
with how varying levels of expertise could be represented.  My research
is related to problem solving in physics, and so I have read several papers
dealing with the way people learn how to solve problems in technical fields.
Below is an excerpt from my proposal containing the related (annotated)
references;  I hope that they prove helpful.

Bhaskar, R., and H. A. Simon,  "Problem Solving in Semantically Rich
   Domains:  An Example from Engineering Thermodynamics."  Cognitive Science,
   Vol. 1, No. 2, April 1977.
This is a study of the processes used by people to solve problems in
semantically rich domains, and how these processes compare with those in
general problem-solving domains.  The authors choose the field of
thermodynamics, and use a protocol-encoding program called SAPA, which they
theorize corresponds to their subject's problem-solving behavior.

Chi, M. T. H., P. Feltovich, and R. Glaser, "Categorization and
   Representation of Physics Problems by Experts and Novices."  Cognitive
   Science, Vol. 5, No. 2, April-June 1981.
The authors compare the ways experts and novices categorize physics problems
and form physical models of the problems based on the categories created.
Studies are presented which investigate the implications of the differences
found for problem solving in general.

Larkin, J., J. McDermott, D. Simon, and H. A. Simon, "Models of Competence in
   Solving Physics Problems."  Cognitive Science, Vol. 4, No. 4, October-
   December 1980.
This article discusses how a person's experience and expertise in solving
physics problems determine the process by which he solves them.  The authors
describe a set of two computer programs which they claim are accurate models
of "expert" and "novice" problem-solving protocols.

Larkin, J., and H. A. Simon, "Learning Through Growth of Skill in
   Mental Modeling."  Proceedings of the Third Annual Conference of
   the Cognitive Science Society, p. 106.
The authors study how people develop the ability to take physical situations
and re-represent them in terms of scientific entities.  They present a program
called ABLE, which models the performance of human experts and novices as they
solve physics problems, from this learning point of view.

Luger, G., "Mathematical Model Building in the Solution of Mechanics
   Problems:  Human Protocols and the MECHO Trace."  Cognitive Science,
   Vol. 5, No. 1, January-March 1981.
Luger describes an automatic problem solver, MECHO, and describes how it
can be used for model building and manipulation in solving problems in
physics.  He compares traces of MECHO with the problem-solving protocols of
several human subjects, and hypothesizes that these traces are similar to the
model-building techniques that people in general use.

                                        Hope these help,
                                        Bill

          "In the knowledge lies the power." -- Edward A. Feigenbaum
                       "Knowledge is good." -- Emil Faber
Bill Bulko                                      Department of Computer Sciences
The University of Texas         {ihnp4,harvard,gatech,ctvax,seismo}!sally!bulko

------------------------------

Date: 27 Jan 86 16:33:00 GMT
From: [email-masked]
Subject: Re: Two AI software packages

RE: Mom
There was an article by Thomas Friedman in the NYT a couple
of months ago on two programs for the Atari ST written
by "the Israeli equivalent of Garry Trudeau":
"MOM" and "MURRAY" are animated computer personalities,
They sit in comfortable chairs on the screen and talk to you.
Murray is a raconteur, with supposedly an ever-expanding database
of humor, and a memory for the jokes he already told you, and MOM
is a typical mother figure, who can make you feel guilty for
anything, even spending the $49 to buy her. Their dialog appears in
white bubbles above their heads, and the user gets
to type in their name and answer yes/no questions.

------------------------------

Date: Fri, 31 Jan 86 14:16:32 GMT
From: [email-masked]
Subject: noaK

Re: 2010 and H-Mobius Loops and HAL's paranoia (Vol 4 # 17).

Why not give HAL (an intelligent system) the Rorschach inkblot test,
"to show intelligence, personality and mental state"?
Another psychological test, the IQ test, was proposed by in volume 3,
number 164.

Gordon Joly
aka
The Joka
ARPA: [email-masked]
UUCP: {...!seismo!mcvax}!ukc!kcl-cs!qmc-ori!gcj

------------------------------

Date: Mon, 10 Feb 86 14:08:31 EST
From: [email-masked] (Col. G. L. Sicherman)
Subject: Re: ai koans

        A P.I. who was trying to meet a deadline said to his
        assistant: "Excuse me, I couldn't help noticing that
        you're not working!"

        "The computer isn't working," the assistant replied.

        PASK, overhearing them, commented: "Not the assistant,
        not the computer.  The man-machine interface isn't
        working."

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End of AIList Digest
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