Interactive video: Interactive video is a design concept for user controlled information access within a linear or nonlinear system structure. The concept is particularly appropriate for nonlinear and random access applications. The objective of interactive video is to tailor the speed and order of information presentation to suit the individual user. The user assumes an active role in the information retrieval process, defining the desired path through the information base. This technique has been used primarily for predefined (programmed) instructional and information dissemination applications. As a learning environment, the computer and videodisc system is infinitely patient, allowing the programming of limitless remediation loops and user controlled drill and practice routines. The videodisc medium provides an opportunity to integrate text, sound, still graphic image frames, and real time motion segments to simulate a meaningful learning environment. A wide range of user interface alternatives are possible, including keyboard, audio, video, pointing devices, and touch sensitive screens. Systems are relatively transportable, meaning that a user can engage the "portable classroom" at an appropriate training site outside of traditional educational constraints. Interactive video is a particularly effective instructional strategy where visual demonstration of technique and/or subtlety is required, and where on the job training entails excessive costs, special expertise, equipment down time, or high risk activities. Preservation applications might include instructional programs containing simulations of preservation activities requiring sensitive handwork, special craft techniques or tool use, and diagnostic interpretation from sensory or other evidence. Video Systems Hypertext vs. Interactive Video Effectiveness of Interactive Video