\m 50 22 26 2 1 'Trade Name, Active Ingredient, and Manufacturer of Herbicides' \m 51 22 96 2 2 'Trade Names beginning with A' \m 124 46 9 3 2 'Trade Names beginning with B' \m 206 71 125 4 2 'Trade Names beginning with C' \m 265 91 65 5 2 'Trade Names beginning with D' \m 316 108 51 6 2 'Trade Names beginning with E' \m 355 121 84 7 2 'Trade Names beginning with F' \m 374 127 76 7 2 'Trade Names beginning with G' \m 406 138 82 8 2 'Trade Names beginning with H' \m 428 145 126 8 2 'Trade Names beginning with I' \m 436 149 70 8 2 'Trade Names beginning with K' \m 463 158 123 8 2 'Trade Names beginning with L' \m 499 171 101 9 2 'Trade Names beginning with M' \m 519 178 87 9 2 'Trade Names beginning with N' \m 529 182 96 9 2 'Trade Names beginning with O' \m 575 197 88 10 2 'Trade Names beginning with P' \m 618 212 9 11 2 'Trade Names beginning with R' \m 651 222 48 11 2 'Trade Names beginning with S' \m 754 255 79 13 2 'Trade Names beginning with T' \m 800 270 94 14 2 'Trade Names beginning with V' \m 831 280 75 14 2 'Trade Names beginning with W' \m 887 297 74 15 2 'Trade Names beginning with Z' \m 897 302 36 16 1 'Trade Names of Herbicides Containing a Given Active Ingredient' \m 1099 342 117 20 1 'Common Name, Chemical Name and Toxicity Rating of Herbicides' \m 1100 343 58 20 2 'Common Names beginning with A through L' \m 1223 392 123 22 2 'Common Names beginning with M through Z' \m 1329 437 102 24 1 'Names and Addresses of Some Herbicide Manufacturers and Formulators' \m 1378 454 121 25 1 'Herbicide and Fluid Fertilizer Mixes' \m 1379 455 38 25 2 'Mixing Herbicides with Nitrogen Solutions or Fluid Fertilizer' \m 1450 483 11 26 2 'How to Test Compatibility of Herbicides with Fluid Fertilizers' \m 1523 511 118 27 2 'Compatibility of Herbicides and Liquid Fertilizers' \m 1671 569 68 29 1 'Using Herbicides Safely' \m 1788 625 42 31 1 'Toxicity of Herbicides' \m 2111 752 92 38 1 'Poison Control Centers' \m 2210 779 46 39 1 'Adjuvants' \m 2274 806 68 41 1 'The Florida Organo-Auxin Herbicide Rule' \m 2275 806 116 41 2 'Introduction' \m 2329 830 7 42 2 'Florida Organo-Auxin Herbicide Rule No. SE-2.033' \m 2466 884 13 44 1 'Conversion of Measurements' \t'January 1988' 'III A-'page \a Danny Colvin, Extension Weed Specialist \a \a HERBICIDES Danny Colvin, Extension Weed Specialist HERBICIDES \h 1 'Trade Name, Active Ingredient, and Manufacturer of Herbicides' \h 2 'Trade Names beginning with A' TRADE NAME, ACTIVE INGREDIENT AND MANUFACTURER OF HERBICIDES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Trade Name Active Amount of or Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- AAtrex 80W atrazine 80% wettable Ciba-Geigy powder AAtrex 4L atrazine 4 lb/gal Ciba-Geigy Atrazine 80W atrazine 80% wettable Ciba-Geigy powder Alanap naptalam 2 lb/gal Uniroyal Ally metsulfuron-methyl 60% dry DuPont flowable Amiben chloramben 2 lb/gal Union Carbide Amiben Granular chloramben 10% granular Union Carbide Amine 2,4-D Turf 2,4-D (amine) 4 lb/gal PBI-Gordon Herbicide Amino Triazole amitrole 90% soluble American Cyanamid Weedkiller 90 powder Amitrol-T Liquid amitrole 21% Union Carbide Amizine amitrole + simazine 1.5% + 45% Union Carbide soluble powder Ammate X ammonium sulfamate 95% soluble DuPont powder Ammate X-NI ammonium sulfamate 95% soluble DuPont powder Aqua-Kleen 2,4-D ester 20% granular Union Carbide Aquathol K endothall 3 lb/gal Pennwalt \p (cont'd) \b\p(cont'd) \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \pTrade Name Active Amount of \por Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Aquazine simazine 80% wettable Ciba-Geigy powder Arsenal imazapyr 2 and 4 lb/gal American Cyanamid Asgrow Aqua KD 2,4-D 0.5 lb/gal Asgrow Asgrow 2,4-D 2,4-D (amine) 4 lb/gal Asgrow amine 4 Asulox asulam 3.34 lb/gal Rhone-Poulenc Atrabute II butylate + atrazine 4.3 + 1.7 lb/gal Griffin Atratol 8P atrazine-chlorate- 8% + 40% + 47% Ciba-Geigy borate mixture pellets Atratol 80W atrazine-prometon 75% + 5% Ciba-Geigy wettable powder \p \h 2 'Trade Names beginning with B' \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \vTrade Name Active Amount of \vor Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Balan 1.5 LC benefin 1.5 lb/gal Elanco Balan 2.5 G benefin 2.5% granular Elanco Banvel dicamba (amine) 4 lb/gal Velsicol Banvel 2+2 dicamba + 2,4,5-T 2 + 2 lb/gal Velsicol Banvel 5G dicamba 5% granular Velsicol Banvel 720 dicamba + 2,4-D 1 lb/gal + Velsicol 2 lb/gal Banvel K dicamba + 2,4-D 1.25 + 2.50 Velsicol (amine) lb/gal Basagran bentazon 4 lb/gal BASF Betamec 4 bensulide 4 lb/gal Gordon Betasan 4E bensulide 4 lb/gal Stauffer Bicep atrazine + 2.0 + 2.5 Ciba-Geigy metolachlor lb/gal Betasan 12.5 G bensulide 12.5% granular Stauffer \p (cont'd) \b\p(cont'd) \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \pTrade Name Active Amount of \por Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Bladex 80WP cyanazine 80% wettable Shell powder Bladex 90 DF cyanazine 90% dry flowable Shell Bladex 4L cyanazine 4 lb/gal Shell Blazer 2L acifluorfen 2 lb/gal Rohm & Haas Bolero thiobencarb 8 lb/gal Chevron Broadside cacodylic acid + 3.0 + 1.25 Vertac MSMA + surfactant lb/gal Bromex 50WP chlorbromuron 50% wettable Nor-Am powder Brominal bromoxynil 2 lb/gal Union Carbide Brominal 3+3 bromoxynil + MCPA 3 + 3 lb/gal Union Carbide Brominal ME4 bromoxynil 4 lb/gal Union Carbide Bronate bromoxynil + MCPA 2 + 2 lb/gal Rhodia Bronco glyphosate + alachlor 1.4 + 2.6 lb/gal Monsanto Brush Buster dicamba + 2,4-D 1 + 2 lb/gal Velsicol (amines) Buctril bromoxynil 2 lb/gal Rhone-Poulenc Bueno 6 MSMA + surfactant 6 lb/gal Fermenta Butoxone 2,4-DB (amine) 1.75 lb/gal Rhone-Poulenc Butoxone ester 2,4-DB (ester) 2 lb/gal Rhone-Poulenc Butyrac 200 2,4-DB (amine) 2 lb/gal Union Carbide Butyrac 175 2,4-DB (amine) 1.75 lb/gal Union Carbide Butyrac ester 2,4-DB (ester) 2 lb/gal Union Carbide \p \h 2 'Trade Names beginning with C' \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \vTrade Name Active Amount of \vor Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Canopy metribuzin + 75% dry DuPont chlorimuron flowable \p (cont'd) \b\p(cont'd) \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \pTrade Name Active Amount of \por Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Caparol 80W prometryn 80% wettable Ciba-Geigy powder Caparol 4L prometryn 4 lb/gal Ciba-Geigy Casoron 4G dichlobenil 4% granular Uniroyal Casoron 10G dichlobenil 10% granular Uniroyal Casoron 50W dichlobenil 50% wettable Uniroyal powder Chem Hoe FL4 propham 4 lb/gal PPG Collego colletotrichum 75.7 X 10 to Nor-Am gloeosporiodes the 10th power spores/gal Chloro-IPC chlorpropham 4 lb/gal PPG Classic chlorimuron 25% dry DuPont flowable Cobra lactofen 2 lb/gal PPG Command dimethazone 6 lb/gal FMC Cotton-Pro prometryn 4 lb/gal Griffin Cotoran 80WP flumeturon 80% wettable Ciba-Geigy powder Cotoran 4L flumeturon 4 lb/gal Ciba-Geigy Crossbow 2,4-D + triclopyr 2 + 1 lb/gal Dow CuTEA copper 0.75 lb/gal Intercoastal Chem. Cutrine-Plus copper complex 0.9 lb/gal Applied Biochemist Cutrine-Plus copper complex 3.7 granular Applied Biochemist Granular Cytrol-Amitrole-T amitrole 2 lb/gal American-Cyanamid \p \h 2 'Trade Names beginning with D' \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \vTrade Name Active Amount of \vor Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Dacamine 4D 2,4-D (oil soluble 4 lb/gal Fermenta amine) Daconate 6 MSMA + surfactant 6 lb/gal Fermenta \p (cont'd) \b\p(cont'd) \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \pTrade Name Active Amount of \por Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Dacthal 5G DCPA 5% granular Fermenta Dacthal W-75 DCPA 75% wettable Fermenta powder Dalapon 85 dalapon 74% soluble Fermenta powder Devine phytophthora 6.7 X 10 to Abbott palmivora the 5th power spores/ml Devrinol 2E napropamide 2 lb/gal EC Stauffer Devrinol 10G napropamide 10% granular Stauffer Devrinol 50W napropamide 50% wettable Stauffer powder Diquat diquat 2 lb/gal Chevron Direx 4L diuron 4 lb/gal Griffin DMA 4 2,4-D (amine) 4 lb/gal Vertac Dowpon M dalapon (sodium and 74% Dow magnesium salt) DSMA Liquid disodium 3.6 lb/gal methanearsonate Dual 8E metolachlor 8 lb/gal Ciba-Geigy Dual 25G metolachlor 25% granular Ciba-Geigy \p \h 2 'Trade Names beginning with E' \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \vTrade Name Active Amount of \vor Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Emulsamine E-3 2,4-D oil soluble 3 lb/gal Union Carbide amine Enide 90W diphenamid 90% wettable Nor-Am powder Eptam 7-E EPTC 7 lb/gal Stauffer Eptam 10G EPTC 10% granular Stauffer Eradicane 6.7E EPTC + antidote 6.7 lb/gal Stauffer \p (cont'd) \b\p(cont'd) \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \pTrade Name Active Amount of \por Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Eradicane Extra EPTC + antidote 6.0 lb/gal Stauffer Escort metsulfuron-methyl 60% dry DuPont flowable Esteron 6E 2,4-D low volatile 5.6 lb/gal Vertac ester Esteron 99 2,4-D low volatile 4 lb/gal Vertac ester Esteron 76 BE 2,4-D butyl ester 75.2% acid Vertac Evik 80W ametryn 80% wettable Ciba Geigy powder \p \h 2 'Trade Names beginning with F' \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \vTrade Name Active Amount of \vor Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Far-Go triallate 4 lb/gal Monsanto Far-Go Granular triallate 10% granular Monsanto Formula 40 2,4-D 4 lb/gal Vertac Furloe Chloro chlorpropham 4 lb/gal PPG IPC 4EC Furlow Chloro chlorpropham 20% granular PPG IPC 20G Fusilade 2000 fluazifop-butyl 1.0 lb/gal ICI \p \h 2 'Trade Names beginning with G' \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \vTrade Name Active Amount of \vor Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Garlon trichlopyr 4 lb/gal Dow Genate Plus EPTC 6.7 lb/gal PPG Genep EPTC EPTC 7 lb/gal PPG Glean chlorsulfuron 75% DF DuPont Goal oxyfluorfen 1.6 lb/gal Rohm + Haas Gramoxone Super paraquat 1.5 lb/gal ICI Grazon P+D picloram + 2,4-D 0.54 + 2.0 Dow lb/gal Grazon PC picloram 2 lb/gal Dow \p (cont'd) \b\p(cont'd) \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \pTrade Name Active Amount of \por Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Grazon 10K picloram 10% pellet Dow Griffex 4L Atrazine 4 lb/gal Griffin \p \h 2 'Trade Names beginning with H' \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \vTrade Name Active Amount of \vor Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Harmony DuPont Helena 2,4-D 2,4-d (amine) 4 lb/gal Helena Herbicide 273 endothall 3 lb/gal Pennwalt Hoelon diclofop-methyl 3 lb/gal Hoechst Hydrothol 191 endothall 2 lb/gal Pennwalt Hyvar L bromacil 3.2 lb/gal DuPont Hyvar X bromacil 80% wettable DuPont powder Hyvar X-L bromacil 2 lb/gal DuPont \p \h 2 'Trade Names beginning with I' \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \vTrade Name Active Amount of \vor Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Igran 80W terbutryn 80% wettable Ciba-Geigy powder \p \h 2 'Trade Names beginning with K' \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \vTrade Name Active Amount of \vor Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Karmex diuron 80% wettable DuPont powder Karmex DL diuron 2.7 lb/gal DuPont Kerb 50W pronamide 50% wettable Rohm and Haas powder Knoxweed 10-4G EPTC + 2,4-D 10% + 4% Stauffer granular Komeen copper 0.8 lb/gal Sandoz Krenite ammonium ethyl 4 lb/gal DuPont carbamoylphosphonate Krovar I bromacil + diuron 40% + 40% DuPont wettable powder Krovar II bromacil + diuron 53% + 27% DuPont wettable powder \p \h 2 'Trade Names beginning with L' \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \vTrade Name Active Amount of \vor Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Landmaster glyphosate + 2,4-D 0.9 + 1.6 Monsanto lb/gal Lasso alachlor 4 lb/gal Monsanto \p (cont'd) \b\p(cont'd) \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \pTrade Name Active Amount of \por Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Lasso and alachlor + atrazine 2.5 + 1.5 Monsanto Atrazine lb/gal Lasso II alachlor 15% granular Monsanto Lexone 4L metribuzin 4 lb/gal DuPont Lexone DF metribuzin 75% dry DuPont flowable Linex 4L linuron 4 lb/gal Griffin Lorox linuron 50% wettable DuPont powder Lorox DF linuron 50% dry DuPont flowable Lorox L linuron 4 lb/gal DuPont \p \h 2 'Trade Names beginning with M' \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \vTrade Name Active Amount of \vor Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Marksman dicamba + atrazine 1.1 + 2.1 Velsicol lb/gal MCP amine MCPA (amine) 4 lb/gal Vertac MCP ester MCPA (ester) 4 lb/gal Vertac Micro-Tech Lasso alachlor 4 lb/gal Monsanto Milo-Pro 4L propazine 4 lb/gal Griffin Milogard 4L propazine 4 lb/gal Ciba-Geigy Modown 4 Flowable bifenox 4 lb/gal Rhone-Poulenc \p \h 2 'Trade Names beginning with N' \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \vTrade Name Active Amount of \vor Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Norex 50WP chloroxuron 50% wettable Nor-Am powder Nortron ethofumesate 1.5 lb/gal Nor-Am \p \h 2 'Trade Names beginning with O' \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \vTrade Name Active Amount of \vor Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Ortho Weed-B-Gon 2,4-D + Silvex (ester) 11.8% + 5.9%* Chevron Ortho Crabgrass methanearsonates 16%* Chevron Killer Ortho Dowpon M dalapon (sodium & 74% Chevron magnesium salts) \p (cont'd) \b\p(cont'd) \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \pTrade Name Active Amount of \por Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Ortho Triox prometon + PCP 1.86% + 0.68% Chevron + chlorinated phenols + 0.08%* Ortho Weed-B-Gon MCPP (ester) + 11.65%* Chevron for Southern chlorfluoranol Grasses Ortho Weed-B-Gon 2,4-D + MCPP (amines) 0.51% + 0.50%* Chevron Jet Weeder Ortho Brush AMS 43%* Chevron Killer A Ortho Fence & ebron 4.9%* Chevron Grass Edger Ortho Contax sodium cocodyate + 10.4% + 1.77%* Chevron dimethylarsinic acid Ortho St. Augus- atrazine 0.63%* Chevron tine Weed & Feed (21-4-4 fertilizer) Oust sulfometuron methyl 75% dry DuPont flowable \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \v*Lawn and garden formulation listed as percent active by weight. \h 2 'Trade Names beginning with P' \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \vTrade Name Active Amount of \vor Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Paarlan EC isopropalin 6 lb/gal Elanco Phytar 560 cacodylic acid + 2.48 lb/gal Vertac surfactant Poast sethoxydim 1.5 lb/gal BASF Pramitol 5ps prometon + simazine 5% + 7.5% + Ciba-Geigy + sodium chlorate + 40% + 50% sodium metaborate Pramitol 25E prometon 2 lb/gal Ciba-Geigy Prefar 4E bensulide 4 lb/gal Stauffer Princep 4G simazine 4% granular Ciba-Geigy Princep 4L simazine 4 lb/gal Ciba-Geigy Princep 80W simazine 80% wettable Ciba-Geigy powder \p (cont'd) \b\p(cont'd) \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \pTrade Name Active Amount of \por Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Probe 75 WP methazole 75% wettable Velsicol powder Propanil 4 propanil 4 lb/gal Vertac Prowl 4E pendimethalin 4 lb/gal American Cyanamid Pyramin FL pyrazon 4.2 lb/gal BASF \p \h 2 'Trade Names beginning with R' \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \vTrade Name Active Amount of \vor Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Ramrod Flowable propachlor 4 lb/gal Monsanto Ramrod and propachlor + atrazine 3 + 1 lb/gal Monsanto Atrazine Ramrod 20G propachlor 20% granular Monsanto Randox CDAA 4 lb/gal Monsanto Randox Granular CDAA 20% granular Monsanto Ronstar oxadiazon 2 granular Rhone-Poulenc Rescue naptalam + 2,4-DB 2 + .06 lb/gal Uniroyal Reward vernolate 6 lb/gal Stauffer Rodeo glyphosate 5.4 lb/gal Monsanto Ro-Neet 6E cycloate 6 lb/gal Stauffer Ro-Neet 10G cycloate 10% granular Stauffer Roundup glyphosate 4 lb/gal Monsanto Rubigan fenarimol 50 wettable Elanco powder \p \h 2 'Trade Names beginning with S' \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \vTrade Name Active Amount of \vor Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Salvo 2,4-D (ester) 5 lb/gal Vertac Sancap 80W dipropetryn 80% wettable Ciba-Geigy powder Scepter imazaquin 1.5 lb/gal American Cyanamid Scotts Bonus 2,4-D + mecoprop 0.55% + 0.55% Scotts Type B (fertilizer) \p (cont'd) \b\p(cont'd) \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \pTrade Name Active Amount of \por Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scotts Bonus atrazine 1.0% Scotts Type S (fertilizer) Scotts Clout DSMA 2.9% granular Scotts Scotts Kansel 2,4-D + dicamba 2.95% + 0.48% Scotts granular Scotts Dandelion 2,4-D + dicamba 1.55% + 0.31% Scotts Control (aerosol can) Scotts OH I oxadiazon 2 granular Scotts Scotts OH II oxyfluorfen + 3 granular Scotts pendimethalin Scotts Spot Grass dimethylarsinic acid 1.3% Scotts and Weed Control (aerosol can) Scotts Stop Weeds dimethylarsinic acid 9.3% granular Scotts After They Start Scotts Stop Weeds trifluralin 2.65% granular Scotts Before They Start Sencor DF metribuzin 75% dry Mobay flowable Sencor 4L metribuzin 4 lb/gal Mobay Sim-Trol 4L simazine 4 lb/gal Griffin Sinbar terbacil 80% wettable Dow powder Solicam DF norflurazon 80% dry Zoecon flowable Sonalan EC ethafluralin 3 lb/gal Elanco Sonar fluridone 4 lb/gal aqueous Elanco suspension; 5% pellet; 5% SRP Spike 20P tebuthiuron 20% pellet Elanco Spike 80W tebuthiuron 80% wettable Elanco powder \p (cont'd) \b\p(cont'd) \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \pTrade Name Active Amount of \por Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spin-aid phenmedipham 1.3 lb/gal Nor-Am Stam M-4 propanil 4 lb/gal Rohm and Haas Stampede propanil + MCPA 3 + 1.4 Rohm and Haas lb/gal Standard 2,4-D 2,4-D 4 lb/gal Southern Mill Creek Amine Surflan AS oryzalin 4 lb/gal Elanco Surflan DF oryzalin 85% dry Elanco flowable Sutan 6.7E butylate 6.7 lb/gal Stauffer Sutan + 6.7E butylate + antidote 6.7 lb/gal Stauffer Sutan 10G butylate 10% granular Stauffer Sutazine 18-6-G butylate + atrazine 18% + 6% Stauffer granular Sutazine+ butylate + atrazine 5 + 1 lb/gal Stauffer + antidote \p \h 2 'Trade Names beginning with T' \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \vTrade Name Active Amount of \vor Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tackle sodium acifluorfen 2 lb/gal Rhone-Poulenc Tandem tridiphane 4 lb/gal Dow Telar chlorsulfuron 75% dry DuPont flowable Thistrol MCPB 2 lb/gal Union Carbide Tillam 6E pebulate 6 lb/gal Stauffer Tillam 10G pebulate 10% granular Stauffer Tordon 22K picloram 2 lb/gal Dow Tordon 10K pellets picloram 10% pellets Dow Tordon 2K picloram 2 lb/gal Dow Tordon RTU picloram + 2,4-D 1 + 2 lb/gal Dow (amine) \p (cont'd) \b\p(cont'd) \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \pTrade Name Active Amount of \por Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Transamine 2,4-D (amine) 2.8 lb/gal Vertac Treflan EC trifluralin 4 lb/gal Elanco Treflan MTF trifluralin 4 lb/gal Elanco Treflan 5G trifluralin 5% granular Elanco Treflan TR-10 trifluralin 10% granular Elanco Trimec 2,4-D + MCPP + 2.2 + 1.1 + PBI-Gordon dicamba (amine) 0.22 lb/gal \p \h 2 'Trade Names beginning with V' \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \vTrade Name Active Amount of \vor Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Vegadex 4EC CDEC 4 lb/gal Monsanto Vegadex 20G CDEC 20% granular Monsanto Vegiben 2E chloramben 2 lb/gal Union Carbide (methyl ester) Velpar hexazinone 90% soluble DuPont powder Velpar RP hexazinone 2 lb/gal DuPont Velpar L hexazinone 2 lb/gal DuPont Vernam 7E vernolate 7 lb/gal Stauffer Vernam 10G vernolate 10% granular Stauffer Vertac MSMA 400 MSMA 4 lb/gal Vertac Vertac MSMA 600 MSMA 6 lb/gal Vertac Vertac MSMA 660 MSMA 6.67 lb/gal Vertac Vertac DSMA-LQ DSMA 3.6 lb/gal Vertac \p \h 2 'Trade Names beginning with W' \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \vTrade Name Active Amount of \vor Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Weedar 64 2,4-D (amine) 4 lb/gal Union Carbide Weedar 64A 2,4-D (amine) 3.8 lb/gal Union Carbide Weedar MCPA MCPA 4 lb/gal Union Carbide Weedar Sodium MCPA MCPA 2 lb/gal Union Carbide Weedmaster dicamba + 2,4-D 1 + 2 lb/gal Velsicol (amine) \p (cont'd) \b\p(cont'd) \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \pTrade Name Active Amount of \por Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Weedone Aero- 2,4-D (ester) 6 lb/gal Union Carbide Concentrate E Weedone Crabgrass DSMA 2.5% granular Union Carbide Killer Weedone Garden chloramben 1.3% granular Union Carbide Weeder Weedone LV4 2,4-D (low 4 lb/gal Union Carbide volatile ester) Weedone LV6 2,4-D (low 5.7 lb/gal Union Carbide volatile ester) Weedone Preemer- DCPA 5.7% granular Union Carbide gence Crabgrass Control Weedone MCPA MCPA (ester) 4 lb/gal Union Carbide Ester Weedone 170 2,4-D + dichlorprop 2 + 2 lb/gal Union Carbide (ester) Weedone 638 2,4-D (acid) + 3 lb/gal Union Carbide 2,4-D (ester Weedone CB 2,4-DP (ester) + 0.66 + 0.66 Union Carbide 2,4-D (ester) lb/gal Weed-Rhap LV-G 2,4-D (ester) 19% granular Vertac 2,4-D \p \h 2 'Trade Names beginning with Z' \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \vTrade Name Active Amount of \vor Designation Ingredient (a.i.) a.i. Manufacturer \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Zorial Rapip 80 norflurazon 80% dry Zoecon flowable -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- *Lawn and garden formulation listed as percent active by weight. \b \h 1 'Trade Names of Herbicides Containing a Given Active Ingredient' \v \v \v TRADE NAMES OF HERBICIDES CONTAINING A GIVEN ACTIVE INGREDIENT Products followed by an * contain more than one active ingredient. ACIFLUORFEN: Blazer, Tackle \p ALACHLOR: Lasso, Lasso II, Lasso Micro-Tech \p AMETRYN: Evik 80W \p AMITROLE: Amino Triazole Weedkiller 90, Amitrol-T \p AMMONIUM SULFAMATE (AMS): Ammate X, Ammate X-NI, Ortho Brush Killer A \p ASULAM: Asulox \p ATRAZINE: AAtrex 80W, AAtrex 4L, Attrabute+, Atrazine 4L, Atrazine 80W, Griffex, Ortho St. Augustine Weed and Feed, Scotts Bonus Type S \p BENEFIN: Balan 1.5 LC, Balan 2.5 G \p BENSULIDE: Betamec 4, Betasan 4E, Betasan 12.5 G, Prefar 4E \p BENTAZON: Basagran \p BIFENOX: Modown \p BROMACIL: Hyvar X, Hyvar X-L, Krovar I*, Krovar II* \p BROMOXYNIL: Brominal, Brominal plus*, Bronate*, Buctril, Chipco Buctril \p BUTYLATE: Attrabute+, Sutan + 67E, Sutan 10G, Sutan-Atrazine 18-6-G*, Sutazine, Sutazine+ \p CACODYLIC ACID: Bolls-Eye, Phytar 560, Broadside* \p CDAA: Randox, Randox Granular \p CDEC: Vegadex 4EC, Vegadex 20G \p CHLORAMBEN: Amiben, Amiben granular, Ornamental Weeder, Vegiben 2E, Weedone Garden Weeder \p CHLORIMURON: Classic \p CHLORPROPHAM: Bud Nip, Chloro-IPC, Furloe Chloro IPC 10G, Furloe Chloro IPC 20G \p CHLORSULFURON: Glean, Telar \p COPPER: Algaetrol 76*, AV-70 Plus, Cutrine-plus, Cutrine-plus granular, K-Tea, K-Lox, Komeen \b\v CYANAZINE: Bladex 80WP, Bladex 15G, Bladex 4WDS \p CYCLOATE: Ro-Neet 6E, Ro-Neet 10G \p DALAPON: Dalapon Grass Killer, Dowpon, Dowpon C*, Dowpon M \p DCPA: Dacthal 5G, Dacthal W-75 \p DICAMBA: Banvel, Banvel 2+2*, Banvel 5G, Banvel K*, Banvel 720*, Marksman, Trimec*, Weedmaster* \p DICHLOBENIL: Casoron 4H, Casoron G4, Casoron G10, Casoron W50 \p DICLOFOP: Hoelon \p DICHLORPROP: Weedone CB \p DIMETHAZONE: Command \p DIPHENAMID: Enide 50W \p DIPROPETRYN: Sancap 80W \p DIQUAT: Diquat \p DSMA: Liquid DSMA, Weedone Crabgrass Killer, Vertac DSMA-LQ \p DIURON: Direx 4L, Diuron 80WP, Diuron Flowable, Karmex, Karmex DL, Krovar I*, Krovar II* \p ENDOTHALL: Accelerate, Aquathol, Aquathol Granular, Aquathol Plus*, Aquathol Plus Granular*, Hydout, Hydrothal 47, Hydrothal 191 \p EPTC: Eptam 7E, Eptam 10G, Eradicane 6.7E, Eradicane Extra, Genep \p FENARIMOL: Rubigan \p FLUAZIFOP-BUTYL: Fusilade \p FLUOMETURON: Cotoran 80WP, Cotoran 4L \p FLURADONE: Sonar \p GLYPHOSATE: Rodeo, Roundup \p HEXAZINONE: Velpar, Velpar RP, Velpar L \p ISOPROPALIN: Paarlan EC \p IMAZAPYR: Arsenal \p IMAZAQUIN: Scepter \b\v LINURON: Lorox, Linex 4L \p MCPA: Brominal Plus*, Bronate*, Chiptox, Ded Weed MCPA, Dow MCP Amine, Mondak*, Rhomene, Rhonox \p MCPB: Thistrol \p MCPP (MECOPROP): Ortho Weed-B-Gon for southern grasses, Ortho Weed-B-Gon Jet Weeder*, Trimec*, Scotts Bonus Type B \p METOLACHLOR: Dual 8E, Bicep* \p METHAZOLE: Probe 75WP \p METRIBUZIN: Sencor DF 4, Lexone DF 4 \p METSULFURON: Ally, Escort \p MSMA: Broadside, Bueno 6, Daconate 6, Diuron-MSMA* \p NAPROPAMIDE: Devrinol 2E, Devrinol 50W, Devrinol 10G/5G \p NAPTALAM: Alanap, Dyanap*, Dyanap (H.W.)*, Premerge Plus, Rescue \p NORFLURAZON: Zorial, Solicam \p ORYZALIN: Surflan AS \p OXIDIAZON: Ronstar 2G, Scotts OH I \p OXYFLUORFEN: Goal \p PARAQUAT: Gramoxone Super \p PEBULATE: Tillam 6E, Tillam 10G \p PENDIMETHALIN: Prowl 4E \p PICLORAM: Grazon P + P, Grazon PC, Grazon 10K, Tordon 22K, Tordon 10K pellets, Tordon 2K, Tordon \p PROMETON: Pramitol 5ps, Pramitol 25E \p PROMETRYN: Caparol 80W, 4L \p PRONAMIDE: Kerb 50W \p PROPACHLOR: Ramrod F, Ramrod 20G \p PROPANIL: Propanil 4, Stam M-4, Stampede \p PROPAZINE: Milogard 80W, Milo-Pro 4L \p SETHOXYDIM: Poast \p SIMAZINE: Aquazine, Caliber 90, Princep 4L, Princep 4G, Princep 80W \b\v SODIUM CHLORATE: Atlacide, Atratol 8P*, Pramitol 5ps \p SODIUM METABORATE: Atratol 8P*, Pramitol 5ps* \p SULFOMETURON: Oust \p 2,4-D: Asgrow 2,4-D Amine 4, Aqua KD, Aqua-Kleen, Banvel K*, Banvel 720*, Dacamine 4D, Dacamine Turf, DMA 4, DMA 6, Dow Formula 40, Emulsamine E-3, Emulsamine BK*, Esteron*, Esteron 6E*, Esteron 44, Esteron 99, Helena 2,4-D, Knoxweed 10-4G*, Ortho Weed-B-Gon, Ortho Weed-B-Gon Jet Weeder*, Ortho Gro Bahia Weed & Feed*, Ortho Weed & Feed*, Pennamine D, Super D Weedone*, Scotts Bonus Type B*, Scotts Kansel *, Standard 2,4-D, Tordon 212*, Trimec*, Verton 2D, Weedar 64, Weedmaster*, Weedone Aero-Concentrate E, Weedone Lawn Weed Control*, Weedone LV4, Weedone 170, Weedone 638*, 3-D Weedone* \p 2,4-DB: Butoxne, Butoxne ester, Butyrac 200 \p TEBUTHIURON: Spike 80W, Spike 20P \p TERBACIL: Sinbar \p TERBUTRYN: Ingran 80W \p THIOBENCARB: Bolero \p TRICLOPYR: Crossbow, Garlon \p TRIDIPHANE: Tandem \p TRIFLURALIN: Treflan 4EC, Treflan 5G \p VERNOLATE: Reward, Surpass, Vernam 7E, Vernam 10G \b \h 1 'Common Name, Chemical Name and Toxicity Rating of Herbicides' \h 2 'Common Names beginning with A through L' \v \v \v COMMON NAME, CHEMICAL NAME AND TOXICITY RATING OF HERBICIDES Explanation of toxicity rating: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Toxicity Probable Lethal Dose Rating Class LD50 (mg/kg) for 150 lb man ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 extremely toxic less than 5 a taste (less than 7 drops) 2 very toxic 5 to 49 7 drops to 1 teaspoonful 3 moderately toxic 50 to 499 1 teaspoonful to 1 ounce 4 slightly toxic 500 to 4,999 1 ounce to 1 pint (1 lb) 5 almost nontoxic 5,000 to 14,999 1 pint to 1 quart 6 nontoxic 15,000 and above more than 1 quart ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Toxicity Common Name Rating Chemical Name ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- acrolein 2 acrolein alachlor 4 2-chloro-2',6'-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)acetanilide ametryn 4 2-(ethylamino)-4-(isopropylamino-6-(methylthio) -s-triazine amitrole 6 3-amino-s-triazole AMS 4 ammonium sulfamate asulam 5 methyl sulfanilylcarbamate atrazine 4 2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine barban 4 4-chloro-2-butynyl m-chlorocarbanilate benefin 5 N-butyl-N-ethyl-a,a,a-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-p-toluidine bensulide 4 0,0-diisopropyl phosphorodithioate S-ester with N-(2-mercaptoethyl)benzenesulfonamide bentazon 4 3-isopropyl-1H-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-(4) 3H-one 2,2-dioxide benzadox 5 (benzamidooxy)acetic acid bifenox 4 methyl 5-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-2-nitrobenzoate bromacil 5 5-bromo-3-sec-butyl-6-methyluracil bromoxynil 3 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile butachlor 4 N-(butoxymethyl)-2-chlor-2',6'-diethylacetanilide butam 2,2-dimethyl-N-(1-methylethyl)-N-(phenylmethyl) propanamide buthiazole 3-[5-(1,1-dimethylethy)-1,3,4-thiaieazol-2-yl] -4-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-imidazolidinone butralin 4-(1,1-dimethylethy)-N-(1-methylpropyl) -2,6-dinitrobenzenamine butylate 4 S-ethyl diisobutythiocarbamate \p (cont'd) \b\p(cont'd) \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \p Toxicity \pCommon Name Rating Chemical Name \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ cacodylic acid 4 hydroxydimethylarsine oxide carbetamide 5 D-N-ethyllactamide carbanilate (ester) CDAA 4 N-N-diallyl-2-chloroacetamide CDEC 4 2-chloroally diethyldithiocarbamate chloramben 4 3-amino-2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid chlorbromuron 4 3-(4-bromo-3-chlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea chloroxuron 4 3-[p-(p-chlorophenoxy)phenyl]-1,1-dimethylurea chlorpropham 5 isopropyl m-chlorocarbanilate CMA 3 calcium methanearsonate cyanazine 3 2-[[4-chloro-6-(ethylamino)-s-triazin-2 yl]amino] -2-methylpropionitrile cycloate 4 S-ethyl N-ethylthiocyclohexanecarbamate cyprazine 4 2-chloro-4-(cyclopropylamino)-6-(isopropylamino) -s-triazine dalapon 5 2,2-dichloropropionic acid DCPA 4 dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate desmedipham 4 ethyl m-hydroxycarbanilate carbanilate (ester) diallate 3 S-(2,3-dichloroally)diisopropylthiocarbamate dicamba 4 3,6-dichloro-0-anisic acid dichlobenil 4 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile dichlorprop 4 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propionic acid dinitramine 4 N4,N4-diethyl-a,a,a-trifluoro-3,5-dinitrotoluene -2,4-diamine diphenamid 4 N,N-dimethyl-2,2diphenylacetamide dipropetryn 5 2-ethylthio-4-6-bis-isopropylamino-s-triazine diquat 3 6-7-dihydrodipyrido[1,2-a:2',1'-c]pyrazinediium ion diuron 4 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea DNOC 2 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol DSMA 4 disodium methanearsonate endothall 2 7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2,3-dicarboxylic acid EPTC 4 S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate erbon 4 2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)ethyl 2,2-dichloropropionate ethiolate 4 S-ethyl diethylthiocarbamate fenac 4 (2,3,6-trichlorphenyl)acetic acid fenuron 5 1,1-dimethyl-3-phenylurea fenuron TCA 4 1,1-dimethyl-3-phenylurea mono(trichloroacetate) fluchloralin 4 N-(2-chloroethyl)-2,6-dinitro-N-propyl-4- (trifluoromethyl)aniline fluometuron 5 1,1-dimethyl-3-(a,a,a-tricluoro-m-toly)urea fluorodifen 6 p-nitrophenyl a,a,a-trifluoro-2-nitro-p-tolyl ether \p (cont'd) \b\p(cont'd) \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \p Toxicity \pCommon Name Rating Chemical Name \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ glyphosate 4 N-(phosphonomethyl-glycine hexaflurate 4 potassium hexafluoroarsenate ioxynil 3 4-hydroxy-3,6-diiodobenzonitrile isopropalin 4 2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropylcumidine karbutilate 4 tert-butylcarbamic acid ester with 3(m-hydroxyphenyl) -1,1-dimethylurea linuron 4 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxyl-1-methylurea \h 2 'Common Names beginning with M through Z' \vExplanation of toxicity rating: \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \vToxicity Probable Lethal Dose \vRating Class LD50 (mg/kg) for 150 lb man \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \v 1 extremely toxic less than 5 a taste (less than 7 drops) \v 2 very toxic 5 to 49 7 drops to 1 teaspoonful \v 3 moderately toxic 50 to 499 1 teaspoonful to 1 ounce \v 4 slightly toxic 500 to 4,999 1 ounce to 1 pint (1 lb) \v 5 almost nontoxic 5,000 to 14,999 1 pint to 1 quart \v 6 nontoxic 15,000 and above more than 1 quart \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \v \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \v Toxicity \vCommon Name Rating Chemical Name \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MAA 4 methanearsonic acid MAMA 4 monoammonium methanearsonate MCPA 4 [(4-chloro-o-tolyl)oxy]acetic acid MCPB 4 4-[(4-chloro-o-tolyl)oxy]butyric acid mecoprop 4 2[(4-chloro-o-tolyl)oxy]propionic acid metolachlor 4 2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1- methylethyl)acetamide metham 4 sodium methyldithiocarbamate methazole 4 2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazolidine -3,5-dione metribuzin 4 4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazine- 5(4H)one MH 5 1,2-dihydro-3,6-pyridazinedione molinate 4 S-ethyl hexahydro-1H-azepine-1-carbothioate monuron 4 3-(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea monuron TCA 4 3-(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea mono(trichloroacetate) MSMA 4 monosodium methanearsonate napropamide 5 2-(a-naphtoxy)-N,N-diethylpropionamide naptalam 4 N-1-naphthyphthalamic acid nitralin 5 4-(methylsulfonyl)-2-6-dinitro-N,N-dipropylaniline nitrofen 4 2,4-dichlorophenyl-p-nitrophenyl ether norea 4 3-(hexahydro-4,7-methanoindan-5-yl)-1,1-dimethylurea norflurazon 5 4-chloro-5-(methylamino)-2-(a,a,a-trifluoro-m-toly) -3(2H)-pyridazinone oryzalin 5 3,5-dinitro-N4,N4-dipropylsulfanilamide oxadiazon 5 2-tert-butyl-4-(2,4idichloro-5-isopropoxyphenyl)-1,3,4- oxadiazolin-5-one paraquat 3 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium ion PBA 4 chlorinated benzoic acid pebulate 4 S-propyl butylethylthiocarbamate penoxalin 4 N-(1-ethylpropyl)-3,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitrobenaenamine perfluidone 4 1,1,1-trifluoro-N-[2-methyl-4-(phenylsulfonyl)phenyl] methanesulfonamide phenmedipham 4 methyl m-hydroxycarbanilate m-methylcarbanilate \p (cont'd) \b\p(cont'd) \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \p Toxicity \pCommon Name Rating Chemical Name \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ picloram 5 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid PCP 3 pentachlorophenol profluralin 4 N-(cyclopropylmethyl)a,a,a-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N- propyl-p-toluidine prometon 4 2,4-bis(isopropylamino)-6-methoxy-s-triazine prometryn 4 2,4-bis(isopropylamino)-6-(methylthio)-s-trizine pronamide 5 3,5-dichloro(N-1,1-dimethyl-2-propyny)benzamide propachlor 4 2-chloro-N-isopropylacetanilide propanil 4 3'4'-dichloropropionanilide propazine 5 2-chloro-4,6-bis(isopropylamino)-s-triazine propham 5 isopropyl carbanilate prynachlor 4 2-chloro-N-(1-methyl-2-propynyl)acetanilide pyrazon 4 5-amino-4-chloro-2-phenyl-3(2H)-pyridazinone siduron 5 1-(2-methylcyclohexy)-3-phenylurea silvex 4 2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)propionic acid simazine 5 2-chloro-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine TCA 4 trichloroacetic acid tebuthiuron 4 N-[5-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl] -N,N'-diamethylurea terbacil 5 3-tert-butyl-5-chloro-6-methyluracil terbuthylazine 4 2-(tert-butylamino)-4-chloro-6-(ethylamino)-s-triazine terbutol 6 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-tolyl methylcarbamate terbutryn 4 2-(tert-butylamino)-4-(ethylamino)-6-(methylthio) -s-triazine triallate 4 S-(2,3,3-trichlorallyl)diisoprpylthiocarbamate trifluralin 4 a,a,a-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine 2,3,6-TBA 4 2,3,6-trichlorobenzoic acid 2,4-D 4 (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid 2,4-DB 4 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid 2,4-DEP 4 tris[2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)ethyl]phosphite 2,4,5-T 3 (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid vernolate 4 S-propyl dipropylthiocarbamate ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \b\v \h 1 'Names and Addresses of Some Herbicide Manufacturers and Formulators' \v \v \v NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF SOME HERBICIDE MANUFACTURERS AND FORMULATORS Abbott Laboratories, 14th St. and Sheridan Rd., North Chicago, IL 60064 American Cyanamid Co., Agric. Division, One Cyanamid Plaza, Wayne, NJ 07470 Applied Biochemists, 5300 W. County Line Rd., Meqoun, Wisconsin 53092 Asgrow Florida Co., P.O. Drawer D, Plant City, FL 33566 BASF Corp., 100 Cherry Hill Road, Parsippany, NJ 07054 Chevron Chemical Co., Agric. Chemicals Div., 575 Market St., San Francisco, CA 94105 Ciba-Geigy Corp. Agric. Div., P.O. Box 18300, Greensboro, NC 27419 Dow Chemical Co., Agric. Products Dept., Midland, MI 48640 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours and Co. Inc., Agric. Products Div., Walkers Mill, Barley Mill Plaza, Wilmington, DE 19898 Elanco Products Co., Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285 Fermenta Plant Protection Co., (formerly SDS Biotech Corp.) 7528 Auburn Road, P.O. Box 348, Painesville, OH 44077 FMC Corp., 2000 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103 Helena Chemical Co., 100 N. Main Blvd., Memphis, Tennessee 38103 Hoechst-Roussel Agri-Vet Co., Rt 202-206 North, Somerville, NJ 08876 ICI Americas Inc., Agric. Chem. Div., Wilmington, DE 19897 Mobay Corp., 8400 Hawthorn Road, Kansas City, MO 64120 Monsanto Agric. Co., 800 North Lindbergh Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63167 Nor-Am Chemical Co., 3509 Silverside Rd., Wilmington, DE 19803 PBI-Gordon Corp., 300 S. Third St., Kansas City, Kansas 66118 Pennwalt Corp/Agchem Div., Three Parkway, Room 619, Philadelphia, PA 19102 PPG Industries Inc., One PPG Place, Pittsburgh, PA 15272 Rhone-Poulenc Inc., P.O. Box 125, Black Horse Lane, Monmouth Junction, NJ 08852 Rohm and Haas Co., Independence Mall West, Philadelphia, PA 19105 Southern Mill Creek Products, Inc., P.O. Box 1096, Tampa, FL 33601 Uniroyal, Inc., Middlebury, CT 06749 Velsicol Chemical Corp., 341 E. Ohio St., Chicago, IL 60611 Vertac Chemical Corp., 5100 Poplar Ave., 24th Floor, Memphis TN 38137-2414 Zoecon Corp, 1831 A Sandoz Co., Crop Protection Div., P.O. Box 10975, Palo Alto, CA 94303 \b\v \h 1 'Herbicide and Fluid Fertilizer Mixes' \h 2 'Mixing Herbicides with Nitrogen Solutions or Fluid Fertilizer' \v \v \v HERBICIDE AND FLUID FERTILIZER MIXES Guide for Mixing Herbicides with Nitrogen Solutions or Fluid Fertilizer Tank mixing and applying herbicides with non-pressure nitrogen solutions or fluid fertilizers offer savings in labor and time by eliminating at least one trip over the field. Effectiveness of some postemergence, directed herbicides for corn and sorghum is increased by applying in nitrogen solution. Interest in these practices is rising because of growing labor shortage, increased custom application of solutions, and a greater variety of herbicides available for crops. The information presented below is intended as a guide only. The term "compatibility" as used here refers to chemical, physical and crop injury compatibility factors and is not intended to supplant label directions. However, under a recent EPA policy concerning tank-mixes of pesticides, growers have more flexibility providing state pesticide and fertilizer regulations and label instructions are not violated. Every batch of fertilizer should be tested for compatibility before the herbicide is added. Batches can vary in pH, salt content, and salt concentrations. Even these minor differences may affect compatibility. A guide for making your own compatibility test is a neighboring section. Also, herbicide labels give information on compatibility in combinations. To help ensure successful results from application of herbicides and non-pressure nitrogen solutions or fluid fertilizers: 1. Always check compatibility by making a small scale test (directions given in a neighboring section) before mixing in field. 2. Use a compatibility agent if indicated in the Guide, or if your small-scale test indicates the need. 3. Be sure tank contents are vigorously agitated while mixing and applying. The spray application equipment should use a high-capacity (eight-roller, internal gear, or centrifugal) pump. A bypass rate of 2 to 3 gallons per minute returned into the bottom of 55 to 100 gallon tanks will provide agitation with a minimum amount of foaming. More bypass volume is required for larger tanks. If a liquid-fertilizer type applicator is used with a metering pump, agitation must also be supplied. The best method is to use a separate power takeoff pump for extra circulation. 4. If a wettable powder is used, make a slurry with the liquid fertilizer and add slowly to the tank. Add wettable powder first, flowables second, and liquids last. 5. If a flowable product is used, premix one part flowable with one part water and add diluted mixture slowly to tank. The fluid fertilizer may be substituted for the water after compatibility has been checked. 6. Liquids should also be premixed with two parts water or the fertilizer carrier before adding into the tank. \v \b7. Reduce drift by choosing appropriate nozzle size to put out desired amount of solution without causing excessive pressure. 8. CAUTION: Extra care must be given in applying herbicide-fluid fertilizer mixtures to ensure that the correct herbicide rate is applied, that the herbicide is distributed uniformly, and that all directions concerning application of the herbicide are followed. Do not apply herbicide fluid fertilizer mixes overtop any crop plants as injury will result. (From A.D. Worsham, W.M. Lewis, and J.V. Baird. 1976 North Carolina Agricultural Chemicals Manual.) \h 2 'How to Test Compatibility of Herbicides with Fluid Fertilizers' How to Test Compatibility of Herbicides with Fluid Fertilizers 1. Put 1 pint of fluid fertilizer in each of two 1-quart jars. 2. Following the table below, add 1/2 to 3/8 teaspoon of a compatibility agent to one jar and shake for 5 or 10 seconds to mix. One-fourth teaspoon is equivalent to 2 pints per 100 gallons of fluid fertilizer. Mark the jar "with" to indicate the compatibility agent has been added. 3. Next, add the proper amount of herbicide to each jar, according to the table. If more than one herbicide is to be used in the mixture, add them separately with the wettable powders added first, flowables second, and liquids last. Shake the jar gently for 5 to 10 seconds after each addition. 4. Let the jars stand for 5 minutes, then check for formation of large flakes, sludge, gels, or other precipitates, or if the herbicide remains as small oily particles in the solution. If incompatibility of any form occurs in the jar with the compatibility agent added, the fluid fertilizer and herbicide should not be mixed in the same spray tank. If incompatibility occurs only in the jar without the compatibility agent, use a compatibility agent as recommended. 5. Allow both jars to stand for 30 minutes, checking them periodically. If the separate layers of fluid fertilizers and additives (herbicide and compatiblity agent) can be resuspended by shaking, commerical application is possible. An emulsifiable concentrate normally will go to the top after standing while wettable powders will either settle to the bottom of the jar or float to the top, depending on the density of the fertilizer and the wettable powder herbicide. (Modified from Farm Chemicals and Croplife, Vol. 136, No. 1, Jan. 1973, Meister Publishing Co., Willoughby, Ohio, 44094. For further information on herbicide-fluid fertilizer mixtures see above publication or 1976 Herbicide Compatibility Chart by the same publisher.) \v \v \v \v \b TABLE: AMOUNTS OF HERBICIDES TO USE TO TEST COMPATIBILITY This compatibility test is designed for 25 gallons of spray per acre with the maximum labeled rate of herbicide. For changes in spray volume or herbicide concentration, make the appropriate proportional change in the ingredients in the test. Regardless of spray volume, the amount of compatibility agent should be equal to 2 to 3 pints (1/4 teaspoon equals 2 pints; 3/8 teaspoon equals 3 pints) per 100 gallons of fertilizer. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Application Rate Add to 1 Pint of Type of Herbicide Product Per Acre Fluid Fertilizer ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- wettable powders 1 lb 1.4 tsp 2 lb 2.9 tsp 3 lb 4.3 tsp 4 lb 5.8 tsp 5 lb 7.2 tsp emulsifiable concentrates, 1 pt 0.5 tsp flowables, liquids, 1 qt 0.9 tsp solutions 2 qt 1.9 tsp 3 qt 2.9 tsp 1 gal 3.8 tsp 5 gal 19.0 tsp ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \h 2 'Compatibility of Herbicides and Liquid Fertilizers' Compatibility of Herbicides and Liquid Fertilizers M = mixture usually compatibile; C = caution, see remarks; U = unknown; X = incompatible or not normally used together ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Nonpressure Clear Complete Nitrogen Liquid Herbicide Solutions Fertilizers Suspensions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Aatrex 80W and 4L M M C REMARKS: Slurrying herbicide in water before adding to liquid fertilizer is helpful. Compatibility agent such as Compex may be needed with suspensions. Amiben M M M Balan LC C C C REMARKS: Compatibility agent such as Compex may be needed. Banvel M M M \vM = mixture usually compatibile; C = caution, see remarks; U = unknown; \vX = incompatible or not normally used together \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \v Nonpressure Clear Complete \v Nitrogen Liquid \vHerbicide Solutions Fertilizers Suspensions \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Bladex 80WP M M C REMARKS: Compatibility agent such as Compex may be needed with suspensions. \p (cont'd) \b\pCompatibility - cont'd \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \p Nonpressure Clear Complete \p Nitrogen Liquid \pHerbicide Solutions Fertilizers Suspensions \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Bromex 50W M M U Cotoran 80W C U U REMARKS: Compatibility agent such as Compex may be needed with nitrogen solutions. Eptam 6-E C C C REMARKS: Compatibility agent such as Compex may be needed. Evik 80W M X X \vM = mixture usually compatibile; C = caution, see remarks; U = unknown; \vX = incompatible or not normally used together \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \v Nonpressure Clear Complete \v Nitrogen Liquid \vHerbicide Solutions Fertilizers Suspensions \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Karmex 80W and DL M C C REMARKS: Test before mixing. Lasso EC C C C REMARKS: Compatibility agent such as Compex may be needed. Lasso + atrazine C C C REMARKS: Compatibility agent such as Compex may be needed. Lorox 50W M M M Milogard 80W M M C REMARKS: Compatibility agent such as Compex may be needed. \vM = mixture usually compatibile; C = caution, see remarks; U = unknown; \vX = incompatible or not normally used together \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \v Nonpressure Clear Complete \v Nitrogen Liquid \vHerbicide Solutions Fertilizers Suspensions \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Gramoxone Super C C X REMARKS: Restricted Use Pesticide. Use 1 to 2 pints Ortho X-77 nonionic surfactant in 25 gal. or more solution. Phosphate containing fertilizer will reduce activity of paraquat. Gramoxone Super + atrazine C C X REMARKS: Same remarks as above. Princep 80W M M C REMARKS: Compatibility agent such as Compex may be needed. Ramrod 65W M X X REMARKS: Compatibility agent such as Compex may be needed. Sencor or Lexone M M U REMARKS: Usually compatible. \vM = mixture usually compatibile; C = caution, see remarks; U = unknown; \vX = incompatible or not normally used together \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \v Nonpressure Clear Complete \v Nitrogen Liquid \vHerbicide Solutions Fertilizers Suspensions \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sutan 6-E C C C REMARKS: Compatibility agent such as Compex may be needed. Sutan + atrazine C C C REMARKS: Compatibility agent such as Compex may be needed. \p (cont'd) \b\pCompatibility - cont'd \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \p Nonpressure Clear Complete \p Nitrogen Liquid \pHerbicide Solutions Fertilizers Suspensions \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2,4-D amine C C U REMARKS: Amine formulation must be mixed with water first, one part, 2,4-D to four parts water and add to solution with vigorous agitation. Materials not properly mixed or left to stand may form a heavy precipitate. Formulations vary. Test before mixing in sprayer. 2,4-D acid (Weedone 638) M U U 2,4-D ester M C U REMARKS: Test before mixing. \vM = mixture usually compatibile; C = caution, see remarks; U = unknown; \vX = incompatible or not normally used together \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \v Nonpressure Clear Complete \v Nitrogen Liquid \vHerbicide Solutions Fertilizers Suspensions \v------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tillam 6-E C C C REMARKS: Compatibility agent such as Compex may be needed. Treflan 4E C C C REMARKS: Compatibility agent such as Compex may be needed. Vegiben M M M Vernam 7-E C C C REMARKS: Compatibility agent such as Compex may be needed. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \h 1 'Using Herbicides Safely' USING HERBICIDES SAFELY Herbicide accidents in Florida have affected both man and the environment. Almost all herbicide accidents have been due to carelessness and could have been prevented by reading and following the label instructions given on the herbicide container. The label contains important information on safety, equipment and clothing, disposal, poisoning and treatment and costs the basic manufacturer from 6 to 10 million dollars to develop. CHOOSING THE CORRECT HERBICIDE OR FORMULATION: Many herbicide-related accidents can be prevented by choosing the correct herbicide or formulation. Reduce drift and injury to non-target plants by choosing low volatile esters. Formulations that are very water soluble may result in run-off or leaching. Wettable powders (WP) are generally less phytotoxic to plants than emulsifiable concentrates (EC). Some herbicides are very persistent, and will not break down fast enough through photodecomposition, hydrolysis or microbial decomposition to allow you to plant another crop or set out ornamental plants without phytotoxicity. Therefore, choose a herbicide that will not result in carry-over problems. \v \bTRANSPORTING HERBICIDES SAFELY: Some containers can become "leakers" and can be dangerous to carry inside your car or truck. Always transport pesticides secured properly in the trunk of a car or in the bed of a truck. In a minor spill, sawdust, vermiculite or even kitty litter will soak up spills. If a major spill occurs ask your dealer or county agent to contact the nearest manufacturing respresentative to supervise the clean-up. Contact the county sheriff's office, state police, or Department of Transportation if a major spill occurs in a public place, especially along a highway. STORAGE AND HANDLING OF HERBICIDES: Always store herbicides in a locked building away from people and animals. The shed or building should have a cement floor and be well ventilated. Always store pesticides in the original container and do not contaminate food or feed. Store herbicides separately from other pesticides so you do not pick up the wrong container. Keep all pesticides out of the reach of children. Never use a herbicide that is in an unlabeled container. Never open a container at eye level, especially wettable powders in paper bags. Never mix and pour alone. Use proper safety equipment in a well ventilated area away from children and animals. Proper safety equipment for a person using herbicides from a container with "Warning" or "Danger" on it should at least be a long sleeve shirt or coveralls and rubber gloves, never cotton gloves. The label tells you what safety clothing and equipment to have. Respirators are needed for highly toxic pesticides. Keep them clean and use only those tested by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Never eat, drink or smoke when handling herbicides, or any pesticide, and wash immediately if you get any herbicide on you since some formulations can cause irritation, blisters, can blind you and even be fatal. Pant legs should be left outside of boots. Remove clothing that is contaminated after spilling. Always triple rinse each herbicide container and empty the rinse water into your spray tank. Never empty your spray tank near ground water, livestock or near buildings. Always have a special place away from people and buildings for cleaning spray equipment and rinsing spray tanks. Some herbicides will not rinse out of spray tanks and measuring vessels with only water. For example, 2,4,5-T, 2,4-D and Dicamba residues will remain in spray tanks to cause phytotoxicity to susceptible plants later unless rinsed with suitable cleaners, for example, one containing ammonia. DISPOSAL OF HERBICIDE CONTAINERS: Read the label. If the label on the container says to burn or bury, empty containers then check with local authorities and choose a place out and away from buildings, animals, people, ground water and susceptible plants. Never stand in the smoke, nor allow the fumes to drift into trees or other plants that can be killed by the fumes of some herbicides. Some herbicide containers must never be burned or buried, especially ones that have contained heavy metals. Always triple rinse all glass, plastic and metal herbicide containers and puncture metal containers except 30 and 55 gallon drums. Each time a container is rinsed, it should be one-third full of water before shaking. There are no especially designated landfills or incinerators in Florida for disposing of pesticide containers or unwanted pesticides. Remember, some drums can be re-used and may be returned to your dealer. Others can be recycled. \b\v SAFE APPLICATION OF HERBICIDES: Read the label. Misuse of a pesticide can cost you money, or someone's life. It may also result in you losing your certification to apply certain herbicides. Leave sufficient distance between your area to be treated and a susceptible crop or area. Keep your boom high enough to get good coverage but low enough to prevent drift. You may have to use nozzles that have a wide angle to get your boom low. Do not use any higher pressure than is necessary. You may want to use a foam or another spray additive in certain situations. Use low volatile formulations and apply most herbicides when there is just a slight breeze (1-2 mph) blowing away from a susceptible crop in a non-target area. Make sure you are applying the correct rate. Calibrate often and remember, some herbicides affect nozzle tips so check each nozzle separately for amount of liquid delivered per minute. Calibrate a granular applicator each time you change from one granular formulation to another, for example, from a 10G to a 20G. Keep your equipment in good condition and avoid leaks. Worn hoses can burst and cause injury. If you apply herbicides to sloping ground, especially right before a rain, run-off can occur. Persistant herbicides, such as soil sterilants applied to right-of-ways, for example, can wash into streams and ponds and cause problems in irrigation water by killing or stunting crops or turf. These materials can also leach into ground water and cause the same problems. Some herbicides are highly toxic to fish. Keep pets, farm animals and children away from the sprayer when you are spray- ing and when you are not. Keep others out of the treated area to prevent con- tamination, especially if the foliage is still wet, walking from a treated to an untreated area can leave dead grass the size of footprints. You would think that anyone would know that standing under a tree is not sufficient pro- tection from aerial application of a moderately or highly toxic pesticide but it happened recently in Florida. Do not apply herbicides near the drip line of non-target, susceptible trees and shrubs if the herbicide can be absorbed and translocated or can volatilize and stunt or kill the non-target plants. \h 1 'Toxicity of Herbicides' TOXICITY OF HERBICIDES Herbicides have the same mode of entry as other pesticides: through the skin (dermal), by swallowing (oral) and by breathing (inhalation). Paraquat orally, for example, is highly toxic and can be fatal. Dinitro herbicides are highly toxic dermally and orally and can kill. The arsenicals, such as MSMA and DSMA, can be fatal if swallowed. One person died in Florida recently from drinking from a cup that had contained an arsenical herbicide. As a general rule, herbicides are not as toxic to man as insecticides, rodenticides and nematicides, but some can accumulate in the body and kill when a certain concentration is reached. The following table lists some common herbicides and gives the oral and dermal toxicity rating for each. LD50 means the amount of material that will generally kill 50% of the animals in an experiment (rats, mice or rabbits, usually). LD50 values given here are for rats, unless otherwise specified. Sex of the animal was not specified unless indicated. Values preceded by "greater than" mean the LD50 is higher than the quoted figures, which were the highest amounts tested. \v \v \bAcute LD50 Values for rates in mg. of Substance per kg. of Body Weight of Test Animal: S = severe skin irritation; N = little or no skin irritation; M = mild skin irritation ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Chemical Oral (mg/kg) Dermal (mg/kg) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- acrolein, Aqualin 46 S Aero Cyanate, potassium cyanate, KOCN 841-850 Aero Cyanamide, calcium cyanamide 1400 (rabbits) Alanap, NPA, N-1-naphthyl phthalamic acid 2000-8500 N Alipur-O, cycluron 1500 allyl alcohol 64 89 (rabbits) amiben 3500-5620 3136 (rabbits) amitrole, Amizol 5000-14700 greater than 10000 (rabbits) amitrole and ammonium thiocyanate, Cytrol 5000 ammonium sulfamate, AMS, Ammate 1600-3900 N Ansar 184, disodium methanearsonate, Sodar 2800 N Ansar 157, MSMA 750 N Ansar 170, MSMA, monosodium acid methanearsonate 700-1800 Aqualin, acrolein 46 S Arsan, cacodylic acid, Phytar 138 1350 N Atlacide, sodium chlorate 1350-1940 (fatal to cats) M Atlas A, sodium arsenite 10-50 M atratone 2400 atrazine 3080 N Avadex, diallate 395 M Avadex BW, triallate 1675-2161 2225-4050 (rabbits) Balan, benefin greater than 10000 N Bandane 575 greater than 12000 Banvel D, dicamba 1040 barban, Carbyne 1300 N Baron, erbon 1120 M benefin, Balan greater than 10000 N bensulide, Betasan, Prefar 770 (males) greater than 3950 (rabbits) Benzac, 1281, 2,3,6-TBA acids and salts, Trysben 750-1644 1000 Betasan, bensulide, Prefar 770 (males) greater than 3950 (rabbits) Bluestone, copper sulfate est. 15000; S (lethal to humans) Bromocil, Hyvar-X 5200 M bromoxynil, Buctril 270 Butyrac 118, 2,4-DB 400 (mice) \p (cont'd) \b\pAcute LD50 Values - cont'd \pS = severe skin irritation; N = little or no skin irritation; \pM = mild skin irritation \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \pChemical Oral (mg/kg) Dermal (mg/kg) \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ cacodylic acid, Arsan, Phytar 138 1350 N calcium arsenate, Kalo 35-100 M calcium chlorate 4500 calcium cyanamide Aero Cyanamide 1400 (rabbits) Can-Trol, MCPB, sodium salt 700 1000 Caparol 80W, prometryne 3750 N Carbyne, barban 1300 N Casoron, dichlobenil greater than 3160 500 (rabbits) CDAA, Randox 700 M CDEC, Vegadex 850 M chlordane 335 (males) 840 (males) 430 (females) 690 (females) chloro IPC, CIPC 5000-8000 N copper sulfate, Bluestone est. 15000 (lethal to humans) S 4-CPA, parachlorophenoxy- acetic acid 300-700 Crab-E-Rad, ocytl ammonium methyl arsonate, Diama 600-794 Crag DCU, dichloral urea greater than 31600 cycluron, Alipur-O 1500 Cytrol, amitrole and ammonium thiocyanate 5000 dalapon, Dowpon, Radapon 3860-9000 M Dacthal greater than 3000 greater than 10000 (rabbits) 2,4-D acid, Weedone 638 375 1500 2,4-DB, Butyrac 118 400 (mice) 2,4-D butyl ester, Esteron 76 BE 620 500 2,4-DEP, Falone 44E 850 M 2,4-DES, sesone 1000 Des-I-Cate, endothal 38-206 750 Diama, octyl ammonium methyl arsonate, Crab-E-Rad 600-794 diallate, Avadex 395 M dicamba, Banvel D 1040 dichlobenil, Casoron 3060 500 (rabbits) dichloral urea, Crag DCU greater than 31600 dichlorprop, 2-(2,4-DP) acid 400 (mice) 1400 dicryl 1800-3160 10000 (rabbits) diphenamid, Dymid, Enide 1048-1798 greater than 6320 diquat 400-440 greater than 500 (rabbits) disodium methanearsonate, Ansar 184, Sodar 2800 N 2,4-D isopropyl ester, Esteron 76-E 700 \p (cont'd) \b\pAcute LD50 Values - cont'd \pS = severe skin irritation; N = little or no skin irritation; \pM = mild skin irritation \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \pChemical Oral (mg/kg) Dermal (mg/kg) \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ diuron, Karmex 3400 M DMTT, Mylone 500-650 M DN-289, dinitrobutylphenol, dinoseb, Elgetol 318 37-60 500 (guinea pigs) Dowicide 7, Penta PCP 125-210 150-350 Dowicide G, Penta sodium salt 78-218 257 Dowpon, dalapon, Radapon 3860-9000 M 2-(2,4-DP) acid, dichlorprop 400 (mice) 1400 2,4-D sodium salt 666-805 Dybar, fenuron 6400 M Dymid, diphenamid, Enide 1048-1798 greater than 6320 endothall, Des-I-Cate 38-206 750 Enide, diphenamid, Dymid 1048-1798 greater than 6320 Eptam 1630 (males) 2641 (rabbits) 3160 (females) erbon, Baron 1120 M Esteron 76 BE, 2,4-D butyl ester 620 800 Esteron 76 E, 2,4-D isopropyl ester 700 Falone 44E, 2,4-DEP 850 M fenac 1780-3000 greater than 3160 (rabbits) fenuron Dybar 6400 M fenuron TCA, Urab 5700 (males) M 4000 (females) Herban, norea 1470 23000 hexachloracetone, HCA Weed Killer 1290-1550 M Hyvar, isocil 3250 M Hyvar-X, bromacil 5200 M IPC, propham 9000 N isocil, Hyvar 3250 M Kalo, calcium arsenate 35-100 M Karmex, diuron 3400 M Kloben, neburon greater than 11000 M KOCN, potassium cyanate, Aero Cyanate 841-850 Kuron, silver, 2-(2,4,5-TP) ester 650 linuron, Lorex 1500 M maleic hydrazide amine, MH-30 2340 4000 (rabbits) maleic hydrazide sodium salt, MH-40 6950 4000 (rabbits MAMA, Ansar 157 750 N MCPA acid 700 greater than 1000 \p (cont'd) \b\pAcute LD50 Values - cont'd \pS = severe skin irritation; N = little or no skin irritation; \pM = mild skin irritation \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \pChemical Oral (mg/kg) Dermal (mg/kg) \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MCPA amine 1200 greater than 1000 MCPB sodium salt, Can-Trol 700 1000 MCPP sodium salt, Mecoprop 650 MH-30, maleic hydrazide amine 2340 4000 (rabbits) MH-40, maleic hydrazide sodium salt 6950 4000 (rabbits) molinate, Ordram 501 (males) greater than 2000 660 (females) (rabbits) monosodium acid methanear- sonate MSMA Ansar 170 700-1800 monuron, Telvar 3500-3600 N monuron, TCA, Urox 3700 (males) greater than 1000 2300 (females) MSMA, monosodium acid meth- anearsonate, Ansar 170 700-1800 Mylone, DMTT 500-650 M neburon, Kloben greater than 11000 M N-1-naphthyl phthalamic acid, Alanap, NPA 2000-8500 N nitraline, Planavin 2000 2000 (rabbits) norea, Herban 1470 23000 NPA, Alanap, N-1-naphthyl phthalamic acid 2000-8500 N octyl ammonium methyl arson- ate, Diama, Crab-E-Rad 600-794 Ordram, molinate 501 (males) greater than 2000 660 (females) (rabbits) parachlorophenoxyacetic acid, 4-CPA 300-700 paraquat 157 M PCP, Penta, Dowicide 7 125-210 150-350 pebulate, Tillam 1120 (males) greater than 2936 (rabbits) Penta, Dowicide 7, PCP 125-210 150-350 Penta sodium salt, Dowicide G 78-218 257 phenyl mercuric acetate, PMA, Scutl 30 S Phytar 138, cacodylic acid, Arsan 1350 N picloram, Tordon 8200 (females) greater than 4000 (rabbits) piperalin, Pipron 2500 greater than 2500 (rabbits) Planavin, nitralin 2000 2000 (rabbits) polychlorobenzoic acid, Zobar 960-1140 M \p (cont'd) \b\pAcute LD50 Values - cont'd \pS = severe skin irritation; N = little or no skin irritation; \pM = mild skin irritation \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \pChemical Oral (mg/kg) Dermal (mg/kg) \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ potassium cyanate, KOCN, Aero Cyanate 841-850 PMA, Scutl, phenyl mercuric acetate 30 S Pramitol, prometone 2980 N Prefar, bensulide, Betasan 770 (males) 3950 (rabbits) prometone, Pramitol 2980 N prometryne, Caparol 80W 3750 N propanil, Stam F-34, Rogue 560-1384 7080 (rabbits) propazine greater than 5000 N prophan IPC 9000 N pyrazon, Pyramin 4200 (males) M 2500 (females) Radapon, dalapon, Dowpon 3860-9000 M Randox, CDAA 700 M Rogue, propanil, Stam, F-34 560-1384 7080 (rabbits) Scutl, PMA, phenyl mercuric acetate 30 S sesone, 2,4-DES 1000 siduron, Tupersan greater than 7500 greater than 5500 silvex, 2-(2,4,5-TP) ester, Kuron 650 simazine greater than 5000 N SMDC, Vapam, VPM 820 800 (rabbits) Sodar, disodium methanear- sonate, Ansar 184 2800 N sodium arsenite, Atlas A 10-50 M sodium chlorate, Atlacide 1350-1940 M (fatal to cats) sodium TCA 3370-5000 M Stam F-34, propanil, Rogue, 560-1384 7080 (rabbits) sulfuric acid 1 oz lethal to humans S 2,4,5-T acids and esters 481-500 2,3,6-TBA acids and salts, Trysban, Benzac 1281 750-1644 1000 Telvar, monuron 3500-3600 N Tillam, pebulate 1120 (males) greater than 2936 (rabbits) Tordon, picloram 8200 (females) 4000 (rabbits) 2-(2,4,5-TP) ester, silvex, Kuron 650 Treflan, trifluralin 3700-greater than 10000 greater than 5000 triallate, Avadex BW 1675-2161 2225-4050 (rabbits) \p (cont'd) \b\pAcute LD50 Values - cont'd \pS = severe skin irritation; N = little or no skin irritation; \pM = mild skin irritation \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \pChemical Oral (mg/kg) Dermal (mg/kg) \p------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Trysben, Benzac 1281, 2,3,6-TBA acids and salts 750-1644 1000 Tupersan, siduron greater than 7500 greater than 5500 Urab, fenuron TCA 5700 (males) M 4000 (females) Urox, monuron TCA 3700 (males) greater than 1000 2300 (females) Vapam, VPM, SMDC 820 800 (rabbits) Vegadex, CDEC 850 M VPM, Vapam, SMDC 820 800 (rabbits) Weedone 638, 2,4-D acid 375 1500 Zobar, polychlorobenzoic acid 960-1140 M -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \b \h 1 'Poison Control Centers' \v \v \v POISON CONTROL CENTERS BRADENTON Manatee Memorial Hospital 206 - 2nd Street East Bradenton, FL 33507 813/746-5111 ext. 466 GAINESVILLE Alachua General Hospital 912 SW 4th Avenue Gainesville, FL 32602 904/371-0000 J. Hillis Miller Health Center University of Florida Gainesville, FL 32601 904/392-3389 JACKSONVILLE St. Vincent's Medical Center 1800 Barrs Street Jacksonville, FL 32204 904/387-7500 or 387-7499 LEESBURG Leesburg Regional Medical Center 600 E Dixie Avenue Leesburg, FL 32748 904/787-9900 (poison control) 904/787-7222 OCALA Munroe Regional Medical Center 131 SW 15 Street, P.O. Box 6000 Ocala, FL 32678 904/351-7607 (poison control) 904/351-7600 (emergency dept.) ORLANDO Orlando Regional Medical Center 1414 S Kuhl Avenue Orlando, FL 32806 305/841-5222 NAPLES Naples Community Hospital 350 - 7th Street North Naples, FL 33940 813/262-3131 ext. 2222 PANAMA CITY Bay Medical Center 615 N Bonita Avenue Panama City, FL 32401 904/769-1511 ext. 510 PUNTA GORDA Medical Center Hospital 809 Marion Avenue Punta Gorda, FL 33950 813/637-2597 (poison control) 813/639-3131 ext. 2529 (hospital) \v \bROCKLEDGE Wuesthoff Hospital 110 Longwood Avenue Rockledge, FL 32955 305/636-2211 SARASOTA Sarasota Memorial Hospital 1700 S Tamiami Trail Sarasota, FL 33579-3555 813/953-1332 TALLAHASSEE Tallahassee Memorial Regional Medical Center 1300 Miccosukee Road Tallahassee, FL 32308 904/681-5411 TAMPA Tampa Bay Regional Poison Control Center Tampa General Hospital Davis Islands Tampa, FL 33606 813/253-4444 (local in Tampa) 1-800/282-3171 (WATTS) TITUSVILLE Jess Parish Memorial Hospital 951 N Washington Avenue Titusville, FL 32796 305/268-6260 WEST PALM BEACH Good Samaritan Hospital Flagler Drive at Palm Beach Lakes Boulevard P.O. Box 3166 West Palm Beach, FL 33402-3166 305/650-6333 (poison control) 305/655-5511 (hospital) WINTER HAVEN Winter Haven Hospital Poison Control Center 200 Avenue F. NE Winter Haven, FL 33880 813/299-9701 \h 1 'Adjuvants' ADJUVANTS A number of materials are commercially available which have been developed to be applied with herbicides which alter some property of the herbicides. These type of substances are generally referred to as adjuvants. In general, they are usually added to a herbicide mixture to improve some aspect of the herbicide's performance. Some adjuvants are usually added to the product at the time of formulation, or they can also be added by the applicator to the spray mix just prior to treatment. One class of adjuvants commonly used is surfactants, or surface active agents. Some of the uses of surfactants are as emulsifying agents, wetting agents or spreaders, sticking agents, and drift control agents. \v \bCare should be exercised in the selection and use of any adjuvant. Herbicide selectivity can be altered through improper use of adjuvants. Improper use of an adjuvant could also reduce the effectiveness of a given herbicide. EMULSIFYING AGENTS: An emulsion is a mixture of two incompletely mixed liquids, in which one of the liquids is dispersed in the other. The surrounding liquid is called the continuous phase; while the dispersed liquid is known as the discontinuous phase. Emulsifying agents are added to the mixture to aid in the formation and to stabilize the emulsion. There are two types of emulsions used in the application of herbicides. The type more commonly used is the "oil-in-water" emulsion in which water is the continuous phase. When using this type of emulsion, the consistency of the spray mixture is usually similar to water. The second type of emulsion is the "water-in-oil" emulsion in which the oil is the continuous phase. These emulsions, which are also referred to as "invert" emulsions, are normally rather viscous. It seems that the character of the emulsifying agent is a large factor in determining the kind of emulsion that is formed. The "oil-in-water" emulsions are widely used in the formulation of herbicides to aid in getting an oil-soluble herbicide dispersed in a water mixture so that the active ingredient may be applied as a water spray. Invert emulsions are used to aid in drift control, to improve resistance of the herbicide treatment to the effects of weather (rain), to improve accuracy of delivery of the herbicides, and to enhance herbicide activity. WETTING AGENTS (SPREADERS): Wetting agents are added to spray mixtures to decrease the surface tension of the mixture and cause a larger portion of each spray droplet to come into contact with the surface of the vegetation. This is done to increase coverage and effectiveness of the herbicides, although in some cases it may alter herbicide selectivity. STICKING AGENTS: The purpose of a sticking agent is to aid in preventing run off of the spray mixture from the target vegetation. By increasing the amount of spray remaining in contact with the vegetation, and increasing the contact time of the herbicide, the desired result is an increase in the effectiveness of a herbicide application. DRIFT CONTROL AGENTS: Drift of herbicide sprays can be a problem when sensitive plants are in the vicinity of the site of application. One way to reduce herbicide drift is to increase the droplet size of the spray. Adjuvants that are used to control drift do so in part by reducing the number of fine spray droplets. \b \h 1 'The Florida Organo-Auxin Herbicide Rule' \h 2 'Introduction' \v \v \v FLORIDA'S ORGANO-AUXIN HERBICIDE RULE Introduction Organo-auxin (Phenoxy) herbicides were first developed during the 1940's and have been used extensively in the United States since that time. This group of chemicals has found a place in weed control schemes for small grains, sugar cane, turf, pasture and forage crops and many other areas. On a world-wide basis more phenoxy herbicides are used than any other class of herbicides presently manufactured. The phenoxy herbicide group's unique ability to remove broadleaf weeds from grass crops has been exploited for successful weed control in monocotyledonous crops. Organo-auxin herbicides have been formulated in a number of ways with each formulation possessing certain characteristics. Amine and ester formulations have been the most popular although other forms of phenoxys do exist. As a general rule ester formulations are more active than amines. This difference in control activity has made ester formulations very popular due to the fact that about one half the rate of the amine formulation could be used and achieve the same weed control level. Therefore, growers could buy less in the ester form to do the same job as a larger amount of a phenoxy in the amine form. Although ester formulations are more active herbicidally than amine formulations, they do have serious drawbacks associated with their use. Specifically, ester formulations are typically very volatile and possess the ability to move away from the target site up to several days after the initial herbicide application has been made. Volatilization problems such as this have lead to the complete destruction of nearby sensitive crops if weather conditions were favorable for volatilization to occur. Due to volatilization problems like these many states have totally banned the use of high-volatile ester formulations and discouraged use of lower volatile esters in sensitive areas. Florida is one such state with these regulations. Due largely to phenoxy herbicide applications in south Florida on sugar cane and drift or volatilization to nearby tomato crops and their subsequent destruction, the Florida Department of Agriculture has enacted the Organo-Auxin Herbicide Rule. This rule applies to the application of organo-auxin herbicides anywhere within the state. It is the intent of this publication to clarify and disseminate the Florida Organo-Auxin Herbicide Rule to interested growers and applicators. The Florida Organo-Auxin Herbicide rule denoted rule SE-2.033 appeared in the December 20, 1985 issue of the Florida Administrative Weekly. All inquiries about legal aspects of the rule should be addressed to Frank A. Graham Jr., Resident Counsel, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Room 512, Mayo Building, Tallahassee, Florida 32301. \b \h 2 'Florida Organo-Auxin Herbicide Rule No. SE-2.033' \v \v \v Florida Organo-Auxin Herbicide Rule No. SE-2.033 ORGANO-AUXIN HERBICIDES: RESTRICTIONS AND PROHIBITIONS 1. Synthetic organo-auxin herbicides: The Synthetic organo-auxin herbicides are defined as herbicides which produce hormonal auxin type effects on plants similar to the effects of 2,4-D. These herbicides include: 2,4-D 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, in all forms; MCPA 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid, in all forms; 2,4-DP 2-(2,4-Dichlorophenoxy)propionic acid, in all forms; MCPP 2-(2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxy)propionic acid, in all forms; MCPB 4-(2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxy)butyric acid, in all forms; Dicamba 2-Methoxy-3, 6-dichlorobenzoic acid, in all forms; Triclopyr (3,5,6-Trichloro-2-pyridinyl)oxyacetic acid in all forms. 2. Sale and use of highly volatile forms of organic-auxin herbicides in the state is prohibited. Highly volatile organo-auxin herbicides include the methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, and butyl esters of 2,4-D, etc. 3. The wind speed and direction at the time of application shall determine the distance which must separate the closest edge of the area to be sprayed from susceptible crops as listed below in Table 1. Table 1: --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Wind Speed Aerial Equipment Ground Equipment --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 3 mph 1/2 mile downwind 1/8 mile downwind 1/2 mile crosswind 1/8 mile crosswind 50 feet upwind 20 feet upwind 3 - 6 mph 1 mile downwind 1/4 mile downwind 1/2 mile crosswind 1/8 mile crosswind 50 feet upwind 5 feet upwind 6 - 8 mph 2 miles downwind 1/2 mile downwind 1/2 mile crosswind 1/4 mile crosswind 50 feet upwind 5 feet upwind Above 10 mph Prohibited Prohibited --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note: "Crosswind" means 90 degrees (+/- 10 degrees) from the flight path or the direction of the application. 4. Wind speed will be measured at the crop site or up to two miles away. Wind speed measurements will be taken at spray boom height for ground application and at least six feet above the ground for aerial application. The measurement site will be located so that structures, plants, or terrain features do not interfere with the accuracy of the reading. Wind direction will be estimated as accurately as possible by the person taking \b the wind speed readings. THE APPLICATOR OR HIS REPRESENTATIVE SHALL TAKE AND RECORD WIND SPEED AND DIRECTION READINGS BEFORE SPRAYING STARTS AND ONCE EVERY HOUR OF THE SPRAYING OPERATION. A reading shall consist of an average of three measurements taken with a five minute interval. These measurements shall be taken by rotating and positioning the anemometer into the wind in such a manner so as to obtain the maximum wind velocity measurements which will be used to calculate the average reading. An anemometer accurate to within +/- 10% shall be used to take the wind speed measurements. Possible sources to obtain wind meters are listed in Table 2. Table 2: Wind Meter Sources --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dwyer Instruments, Inc. Florida Sugar Cane League, Inc Roger Patterson, P.O. Box 1148 Dist. Sales Engineer Clewiston, Florida 33440 1505 Cobb Industrial Drive (813) 983-9151 Marietta, Georgia 30066 (404) 427-9406 Forestry Suppliers Ben Meadows Company 205 West Rankin Street 3589 Broad Street P.O. Box 8397 P.O. Box 80549 Jackson, Mississippi 39204 Chamblee, Georgia 30366 (601) 354-3565 (404) 455-0907 TSI Supply Company General Supply Corporation P.O. Box 151 303 Commerce Park Drive Flanders, N.J. 07836 P.O. Box 9347 (201) 584-3417 Jackson, Mississippi 39206 (601) 981-3882 NASCO Agricultural Sciences 901 Janesville Avenue Fort Atkinson, Wisconsin 53538 (414) 563-2446 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: Suitable wind meters range in price from $9.00 to $12.00. (11/01/86) 5. Spray equipment shall be of the type that minimizes the production of droplets less than 200 microns in diameter. Flat fan nozzles or their equivalent should be used. Spray nozzle pressure on application equipment shall not exceed 35 pounds per square inch. 6. Persons making spray applications of organo-auxin herbicides to cumulative land or water surface areas exceeding 5 acres per 24 hour period, shall maintain the following records for two years: a. Name and address of the person(s) in control of the land (owner, lessee or tenant), and the applicator. b. Location of the site to be treated, location of the herbicide mixing and loading area and description of application equipment used. c. Date and time of application. \b d. Trade name, manufacturer, formulation, total amount of product to be applied per acre and the amount of active ingredient per acre of the product applied. e. Total acreage and crop or site treated. f. Wind speed and direction. g. Nozzle type including gallons per minute rating at specified pressure (usually 40 psi) and angle of spray emission if applicable. 7. AERIAL APPLICATION OF ORGANO-AUXIN HERBICIDES BY FIXED WING AIRCRAFT FROM JANUARY 1 UNTIL MAY 1 OF EACH YEAR IN HENDRY, PALM BEACH, GLADES OR MARTIN COUNTIES IS PROHIBITED. The use of rotary wing aircraft using Microfoil spray booms or their equivalent for right-of-way and aquatic spray applications is allowed provided the terms of subsections 2,3,4,5 and 6 are met. 8. Applicators who apply organo-auxin herbicides to ditches, canals, or the banks of similar waterways will assure that they are not treating water that will be directly used for irrigation of sensitive crops. SPECIFIC AUTHORITY: 487.051(4); 570.07(23) F.S. LAW IMPLEMENTED: 487.031(8); 487.051(2)(d), (4) F.S. \h 1 'Conversion of Measurements' \b \v \v \v CONVERSION OF MEASUREMENTS LIQUID MEASUREMENTS 1 gallon (U.S.) = 3785 milliliters (ml) or cubic centimeters (cm) 256 tablespoons 231 cubic inches 128 fluid ounces 16 cups 8 pints 4 quarts 0.8333 Imperial gallons 0.1337 cubic foot 1 liter = 1000 ml or 1.057 quarts (U.S.) 1 quart (U.S.) = 32 fluid ounces 1 pint = 16 fluid ounces 1 fluid ounce = 29.57 ml or 2 tablespoons 1 tablespoon = 3 teaspoons or 15 ml 1 teaspoon = 5 ml 16 tablespoons = 1 cup 1 cup = 1/2 pint 1 cubic foot of water weighs 62.4 pounds containing 7.48 gallons 1 gallon of water weighs 8.35 pounds. WEIGHT MEASUREMENTS 1 pound = 16 ounces or 7000 grains or 454 grams (gm) 1 ounce = 28.4 grams 1 gram = 1000 milligrams (mg) 1 pound = approximately 1 pint of water LINEAR MEASUREMENTS 1 yard = 3 feet or 36 inches 1 rod = 16 1/2 feet or 5 1/2 yards or 80 chains 1 chain = 4 rods 1 meter equals 39.3 inches or 100 centimeters (cm) or 1000 millimeters (mm) 1 micron = 1/1000 mm AREA MEASUREMENTS 1 square rod = 273 square feet 1 acre = 43,560 square feet or 160 square rods or 0.4 hectare 1 square mile = 1 section or 640 acres