==================================CMR37==================================
37.  I am interested in finding any literature on the subject of 
     rib enlargement (thickening, hypertrophy) in pulmonary diseases
     such as fibrothorax, empyema, TB and the like.
1
UI  - 87086097
AU  - Campbell DN ; Lilly JR
TI  - Surgery for total congenital tracheal stenosis.
AB  - A 4 1/2-month-old boy with complete tracheal rings throughout the
      entire trachea and agenesis of the right lung was successfully
      treated by operative insertion of a cartilagenous graft extending
      the length of his trachea. The commonly held viewpoint that this
      lesion is not surgically correctable and these infants will all
      die, can no longer be supported. Surgical repair should be
      strongly considered in all these children in the future.
MH  - Bronchoscopy ; Cartilage/TRANSPLANTATION ; Case Report ; Human ;
      Infant ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Male ; Ribs/TRANSPLANTATION
      ; Tracheal Stenosis/*CONGENITAL/PATHOLOGY/SURGERY
SO  - J Pediatr Surg 1986 Nov;21(11):934-5
2
UI  - 87070357
AU  - Paakkala T ; Holli K
TI  - Value of chest radiography in follow-up of treated breast
      carcinoma.
AB  - We reviewed the clinical records and over 1900 chest radiographs
      of 218 patients with carcinoma of the breast. The patients were
      treated with surgery and radiation therapy. During the two-year
      follow-up pathological signs were seen in the chest radiographs
      of 103 patients (47%). Irradiation changes were found in 51
      patients (23%); in 28 patients (13%) there were pulmonary
      metastases; and eleven patients had metastases of bony thoracic
      cage. 36% of patients with metastases had no symptoms. In eight
      patients other unexpected findings were observed, such as
      tuberculosis and sarcoidosis. Obviously, periodical chest
      radiographs are beneficial and advisable in the follow-up of
      patients with carcinoma of the breast.
MH  - Bone Neoplasms/RADIOGRAPHY/SECONDARY ; Breast Neoplasms/
      *RADIOGRAPHY/THERAPY ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Evaluation
      Studies ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Human ; Lung Neoplasms/
      RADIOGRAPHY/SECONDARY ; Ribs/RADIOGRAPHY ; Spinal Neoplasms/
      RADIOGRAPHY/SECONDARY ; *Thoracic Radiography ; Time Factors
SO  - Strahlenther Onkol 1986 Nov;162(11):720-2
3
UI  - 87024095
AU  - Gilmartin JJ ; Gibson GJ
TI  - Mechanisms of paradoxical rib cage motion in patients with
      chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
AB  - Paradoxical motion of the rib cage is well recognized in patients
      with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); most often
      this is seen in the lateral dimension (Hoover's sign), but
      paradoxical indrawing of the lower sternum during inspiration has
      also been described. We have examined the possible mechanisms of
      these abnormalities by relating rib cage motion (using
      magnetometers) to the changes in pleural (Ppl), abdominal (Pab),
      and transdiaphragmatic (Pdi) pressures in 13 patients with COPD
      and hyperinflation who had previously documented abnormal rib
      cage motion. During tidal breathing, Pab became more negative in
      early inspiration in 11 of the 13 patients. Paradox of the
      lateral rib cage was present in 11 patients, and in these, the
      abnormal movement related well to increasing Pdi or decreasing
      Ppl, but the peak distortion fitted more closely with Pdi. During
      attempted voluntary relaxation at full inflation, the lateral rib
      cage dimensions always increased as Pdi declined. Five of the 13
      patients showed indrawing of the sternum in early inspiration,
      and in 4, the abnormal motion was confined to the lower sternum,
      with qualitatively normal motion at the angle of Louis. In these
      4 patients, the peak distortion coincided with the nadir of Pab
      in early inspiration. In all 5 patients, an increase in Pab
      during expiration suggested expiratory muscle contraction, and
      this was associated with a paradoxical increase in the
      anteroposterior diameter of the rib cage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT
      250 WORDS)
MH  - Abdominal Wall/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ; Adult ; Female ; Forced
      Expiratory Volume ; Human ; Lung Diseases, Obstructive/
      *PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ; Male ; Middle Age ; Movement ; Muscle
      Contraction ; Pressure ; *Respiration ; Ribs/*PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ;
      Sternum/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Total Lung
      Capacity
SO  - Am Rev Respir Dis 1986 Oct;134(4):683-7
4
UI  - 86229277
AU  - Pairolero PC ; Arnold PG
TI  - Thoracic wall defects: surgical management of 205 consecutive
      patients.
AB  - In this article, we review our experience during the past 9 years
      with 205 consecutive thoracic wall reconstructions. The 100
      female and 105 male patients ranged in age from 12 to 85 years
      (mean, 53.4 years). One hundred fourteen patients had thoracic
      wall tumors, 56 had radiation necrosis, 56 had infected median
      sternotomy wounds, and 8 had costochondritis. Twenty-nine of
      these patients had combinations of the aforementioned conditions.
      One hundred seventy-eight patients underwent skeletal resection.
      A mean of 5.4 ribs were resected in 142 patients. Total or
      partial sternectomies were performed in 60. Skeletal defects were
      closed with prosthetic material in 66 patients and with
      autogenous ribs in 12. One hundred sixty-eight patients underwent
      244 muscle flap procedures: 149 pectoralis major, 56 latissimus
      dorsi, 14 rectus abdominis, 13 serratus anterior, 8 external
      oblique, 2 trapezius, and 2 advancement of diaphragm. The omentum
      was transposed in 20 patients. The mean number of operations per
      patient was 1.9 (range, 1 to 8). The mean duration of
      hospitalization was 16.5 days. One perioperative death occurred
      (at 29 days). Four patients required tracheostomy. During a mean
      follow-up of 32.4 months, there were 49 late deaths,
      predominantly due to malignant disease. All 204 patients who were
      alive 30 days after operation had excellent surgical results at
      last follow-up examination or at the time of death due to causes
      unrelated to the reconstructive procedure.
MH  - Adolescence ; Adult ; Aged ; Breast Neoplasms/RADIOTHERAPY/
      SURGERY ; Child ; Chondrosarcoma/SURGERY ; Female ; Follow-Up
      Studies ; Human ; Leiomyosarcoma/SURGERY ; Lung Neoplasms/SURGERY
      ; Male ; Middle Age ; Patient Care Team ; Radiation Injuries/
      SURGERY ; Reoperation ; Ribs/SURGERY ; Sternum/SURGERY ; Surgery,
      Plastic/*METHODS ; Surgical Flaps ; Surgical Wound Infection/
      SURGERY ; Thoracic Neoplasms/SURGERY ; Thoracic Surgery/*METHODS
SO  - Mayo Clin Proc 1986 Jul;61(7):557-63
5
UI  - 86208896
AU  - Osinowo O ; Adebo OA ; Okubanjo AO
TI  - Osteomyelitis of the ribs in Ibadan.
AB  - Sixteen patients with pyogenic osteomyelitis of the ribs are
      reported; ages ranged from 3 months to 42 years and 10 were
      female. Right sided ribs were affected in 10 cases and single
      ribs in 12. Antecedent causes included empyema thoracis (56%) and
      blunt chest trauma (19%). Fourteen out of 16 patients presented
      with discharging chest wall sinuses and five patients had
      associated swellings on the chest wall. The duration of symptoms
      ranged from two to 36 months. The most common microorganism
      isolated was Staphylococcus aureus (50%). Rib excision (with
      drainage of the empyema in two cases) was curative in all 16
      cases in this study.
MH  - Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Empyema/COMPLICATIONS ; Female
      ; Human ; Infant ; Male ; Nigeria ; Osteomyelitis/ETIOLOGY/
      *PATHOLOGY/RADIOGRAPHY/SURGERY ; Ribs/INJURIES/*PATHOLOGY/
      RADIOGRAPHY/SURGERY ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating/COMPLICATIONS
SO  - Thorax 1986 Jan;41(1):58-60