==================================CMR24================================== 24. Electroretinographic changes and visual field defects associated with retinal hemorrhage and or retinal detachment. 1 UI - 87095197 AU - Clearkin IG ; Rose H ; Patterson A ; Mody CH TI - Development of retinal arteriolar tortuosity in previously unaffected family members. AB - A family affected by retinal arteriolar tortuosity over a nine-year period has been observed, and the appearance of the abnormality in three previously unaffected family members in late teen-age has been documented. The proband has suffered visual loss due to optic disc infarction, this complication has not previously been reported. We believe that this is the first report of retinal arteriolar tortuosity in a British family. MH - Adolescence ; Adult ; Aged ; Arterioles/PATHOLOGY ; Case Report ; Child ; Female ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Human ; Infarction/ COMPLICATIONS ; Male ; Optic Disk/BLOOD SUPPLY ; Pedigree ; Retinal Diseases/COMPLICATIONS/*FAMILIAL & GENETIC/PATHOLOGY ; Retinal Hemorrhage/FAMILIAL & GENETIC ; Retinal Vessels/ *PATHOLOGY ; Scotoma/COMPLICATIONS ; Visual Fields SO - Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK 1986;105 ( Pt 5):568-74 2 UI - 87000513 AU - Baldinger J ; Doft BH ; Burns SA ; Johnson B TI - Retinal toxicity of amphotericin B in vitrectomised versus non-vitrectomised eyes. AB - The retinal toxicity of intravitreally administered amphotericin B was compared in non-vitrectomised versus vitrectomised rabbit eyes. Doses of 5 and 10 micrograms in both groups resulted in transient vitritis but had no effect on electroretinograms. Histopathological examination four weeks after injection showed vitreous cells and minimal areas of retinal necrosis in both groups at 5 or 10 micrograms doses. At these doses vitrectomy did not modify the retinotoxic effects of intravitreally administered amphotericin B. At higher doses marked toxicity was found in both vitrectomised and non-vitrectomised groups. MH - Amphotericin B/*ADVERSE EFFECTS ; Animal ; Comparative Study ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Electroretinography ; Necrosis ; Rabbits ; Retina/PATHOLOGY ; Retinal Detachment/CHEMICALLY INDUCED ; Retinal Diseases/*CHEMICALLY INDUCED/PATHOLOGY ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. ; *Vitrectomy ; Vitreous Body/PATHOLOGY SO - Br J Ophthalmol 1986 Sep;70(9):657-61 3 UI - 86319079 AU - Heijl A TI - Frequent disc photography and computerized perimetry in eyes with optic disc haemorrhage. A pilot study. AB - Two patients (one with glaucoma with field loss, one with ocular hypertension) with previously known optic disc haemorrhage were followed with frequent disc photography, computerized perimetry and tonometry for a period of one year. Nine haemorrhages were seen in three of the four eyes studied. Three bleedings showed sudden enlargements, interpreted as re-bleedings, during the absorption phase. Haemorrhages were not associated with any stepwise localized or general worsening of the visual field, nor did the fields deteriorate during the period of the study. No structural changes of the optic nerve head were seen after the bleedings during the observation time of one year. The duration of the haemorrhages varied, but no bleeding lasted less than one week. Before disappearing they were often so small that they could only be detected when series of photographs were examined in chronological order. Haemorrhages large enough to be discernible on isolated slides were present in 20% of the disc photographs. Thus disc haemorrhages are transient and easy to overlook. Many careful observations may be necessary before the first haemorrhage is seen. Each individual bleeding is a minor vascular incident which usually leaves no measurable functional or structural trace. MH - Case Report ; Computers ; Female ; *Fluorescein Angiography ; Glaucoma/COMPLICATIONS ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle/COMPLICATIONS ; Human ; Middle Age ; Optic Disk/*PATHOLOGY ; *Perimetry ; Pilot Projects ; Retinal Hemorrhage/*DIAGNOSIS/ETIOLOGY ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Visual Fields SO - Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh) 1986 Jun;64(3):274-81 4 UI - 86258483 AU - Greenwald MJ ; Weiss A ; Oesterle CS ; Friendly DS TI - Traumatic retinoschisis in battered babies. AB - Five infants who were victims of physical abuse had extensive bilateral retinal hemorrhages on initial evaluation and subsequently developed signs of permanent retinal damage. None showed external evidence of trauma to the eyes. Vitreous hemorrhage developed after a delay of several days or more in three cases that were followed closely from the time of the traumatic incident. In several eyes, apparent intraretinal blood-filled cavities were seen acutely in the macular region and elsewhere. Late scarring of the macula typically had a cystic or crater-like configuration. Electroretinography showed loss or reduction of the positive B-wave with preservation of the negative A-wave in every case. We propose that splitting of the retina resulting from the direct mechanical effects of violent shaking was responsible for all of these findings. MH - Case Report ; *Child Abuse ; Electroretinography ; Female ; Fundus Oculi ; Human ; Infant ; Male ; Retina/*INJURIES ; Retinal Hemorrhage/*ETIOLOGY SO - Ophthalmology 1986 May;93(5):618-25 5 UI - 86187693 AU - Arden GB ; Hamilton AM ; Wilson-Holt J ; Ryan S ; Yudkin JS ; Kurtz A TI - Pattern electroretinograms become abnormal when background diabetic retinopathy deteriorates to a preproliferative stage: possible use as a screening test. AB - The pattern electroretinogram (PERG) and other tests were given to a selected group of patients with diabetes, ranging from those who had no retinopathy or funduscopic changes to those in the preproliferative state. None had visual symptoms. The PERG was found to be normal in patients with microaneurysms and a few blot haemorrhages. However, when cotton-wool spots and angiographic evidence of areas of capillary non-perfusion were present, the PERG was reduced below the normal value. Similar changes occurred with the oscillatory potentials of the ERG evoked by an intense flash, but the results were more variable. So in the individual patient the test is not a reliable indicator of the progress of the retinopathy. The value of the PERG in screening is discussed. MH - Adult ; Aged ; Aneurysm/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ; Diabetic Retinopathy/ *PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ; Electroretinography ; Evoked Potentials, Visual ; Female ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Fundus Oculi ; Human ; Male ; Middle Age ; Pattern Recognition, Visual/PHYSIOLOGY ; Retinal Hemorrhage/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ; Retinal Vessels SO - Br J Ophthalmol 1986 May;70(5):330-5 6 UI - 86137514 AU - Isashiki M ; Ohba N TI - Recovery of differential light sensitivity following surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. AB - Sixteen patients with phakic, nontraumatic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were used in a prospective study on the change of the visual field following surgical treatment of the disease. The differential light threshold was measured across the visual field before and after surgery up to 1 year by means of the Octopus automated static perimeter. The visual sensitivity recovered prominently in the initial one to two months, followed by a slight improvement for up to a year. The final prognosis of visual sensitivity was correlated with the duration of detachment, but not with its extent or height. The recovery in the peripheral visual field was less remarkable, with residual slight defect. There was more improvement in visual sensitivity at the fovea than in visual acuity. MH - Adult ; Aged ; Case Report ; Differential Threshold ; Female ; Human ; *Light ; Male ; Medical Illustration ; Middle Age ; Postoperative Period ; Prospective Studies ; Retinal Detachment/ PHYSIOPATHOLOGY/*SURGERY ; Retinal Perforations/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY/ *SURGERY ; Sensation/*PHYSIOLOGY ; Visual Acuity ; Visual Fields SO - Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 1986;224(2):184-90