==================================CMR20================================== 20. Serology of the central nervous system diseases. Meningitis, serology, CNS, Central Nervous System, Neiseria meningitis, Tuberculosis, Streptococcus pneumonia, Hemophilus influenza, E. coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. 1 UI - 87056058 AU - Ott M ; Hacker J ; Schmoll T ; Jarchau T ; Korhonen TK ; Goebel W TI - Analysis of the genetic determinants coding for the S-fimbrial adhesin (sfa) in different Escherichia coli strains causing meningitis or urinary tract infections. AB - Recently we have described the molecular cloning of the genetic determinant coding for the S-fimbrial adhesin (Sfa), a sialic acid-recognizing pilus frequently found among extraintestinal Escherichia coli isolates. Fimbriae from the resulting Sfa+ E. coli K-12 clone were isolated, and an Sfa-specific antiserum was prepared. Western blots indicate that S fimbriae isolated from different uropathogenic and meningitis-associated E. coli strains, including O83:K1 isolates, were serologically related. The Sfa-specific antibodies did not cross-react with P fimbriae, but did cross-react with F1C fimbriae. Furthermore the sfa+ recombinant DNAs and some cloned sfa-flanking regions were used as probes in Southern experiments. Chromosomal DNAs isolated from O18:K1 and O83:K1 meningitis strains with and without S fimbriae and from uropathogenic O6:K+ strains were hybridized against these sfa-specific probes. Only one copy of the sfa determinant was identified on the chromosome of these strains. No sfa-specific sequences were observed on the chromosome of E. coli K-12 strains and an O7:K1 isolate. With the exception of small alterations in the sfa-coding region the genetic determinants for S fimbriae were identical in uropathogenic O6:K+ and meningitis O18:K1 and O83:K1 strains. The sfa determinant was also detected on the chromosome of K1 isolates with an Sfa-negative phenotype, and specific cross-hybridization signals were visible after blotting against F1C-specific DNA. In addition homology among the different strains was observed in the sfa-flanking regions. MH - Antigens, Bacterial/GENETICS ; *Bacterial Adhesion ; Bacterial Proteins/*GENETICS ; Chromosome Mapping ; DNA, Bacterial/GENETICS ; Escherichia Coli/*GENETICS/PATHOGENICITY ; Genes, Bacterial ; Human ; Meningitis/*MICROBIOLOGY ; Molecular Weight ; *Pili, Bacterial ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Sialic Acids ; Species Specificity ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Urinary Tract Infections/*MICROBIOLOGY SO - Infect Immun 1986 Dec;54(3):646-53 2 UI - 87052457 AU - Le DH TI - Clinical aspects of Japanese B encephalitis in North Vietnam. AB - The author reports the retrospective study of 116 children suffering from Japanese B encephalitis in recent epidemics. This disease often appeared in summer and affected 2 to 7-year-old children. In the acute stage the clinical picture included meningeal signs, motor disorders, consciousness dysfunction and neurovegetative disturbances. 90.4% of cases presented abnormal features in CSF. Serological tests with Nakayama and H.N-60 strains were positive. B.M-79 Arbo virus was isolated from 1 case. Neuropathological examination revealed typical lesions in 16 cases. Sero-, viro- and anatomical correlations with clinical course confirmed the role of J.B.E. in outbreaks of 'acute encephalitic syndrome' in North Vietnam. MH - Adolescence ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Encephalitis, Japanese B/ *COMPLICATIONS/MORTALITY/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ; Female ; Fever/ ETIOLOGY ; Human ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Nervous System Diseases/ETIOLOGY ; Respiration Disorders/ETIOLOGY ; Urination Disorders/ETIOLOGY ; Vietnam ; Vomiting/ETIOLOGY SO - Clin Neurol Neurosurg 1986;88(3):189-92 3 UI - 87048144 AU - Moreno-L:opez J ; Correa-Gir:on P ; Martinez A ; Ericsson A TI - Characterization of a paramyxovirus isolated from the brain of a piglet in Mexico. AB - A virus morphologically resembling members of the family Paramyxoviridae has been isolated from the brain of a piglet with a central nervous disorder accompanied by pneumonia and corneal opacity. The virus, designated LPM, grows in a large variety of cultured cell types and elicits a cytopathic effect including formation of syncytia and cytoplasmic inclusion bodies. The virus has hemagglutinating, neuraminidase and hemolytic activities. Studies on experimental transmission showed that young pigs are susceptible to infection which induced a disease similar to that in natural cases. The virus killed mice and chicken embryos. The structural proteins of LPM virus, as resolved by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis are similar to those described for other paramyxoviruses. Serologically the virus proved to be distinct from the paramyxoviruses tested so far. MH - Animal ; Antibodies, Viral/ANALYSIS ; Brain/*MICROBIOLOGY ; Corneal Opacity/VETERINARY ; Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral ; Encephalitis/IMMUNOLOGY/MICROBIOLOGY/*VETERINARY ; Hemadsorption ; Hemagglutination, Viral ; Hemolysis ; Mexico ; Mice ; Neuraminidase/METABOLISM ; Paramyxoviridae/ANALYSIS/IMMUNOLOGY/ *ISOLATION & PURIFICATION/PHYSIOLOGY ; Paramyxovirus Infections/ IMMUNOLOGY/MICROBIOLOGY/*VETERINARY ; Pneumonia, Viral/VETERINARY ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Swine Diseases/IMMUNOLOGY/ *MICROBIOLOGY ; Swine ; Viral Proteins/ANALYSIS SO - Arch Virol 1986;91(3-4):221-31 4 UI - 87041229 AU - Lakhani M ; Smith EA TI - Group B streptococcal meningitis in a diabetic adult. AB - A rare case of adult group B streptococcal meningitis is presented. The association with diabetes mellitus is emphasized and attention is drawn to microscopic and serological confusion that may arise in differentiating it from pneumococcal meningitis. MH - Case Report ; Diabetes Mellitus/*COMPLICATIONS ; Human ; Male ; Meningitis/DIAGNOSIS/*ETIOLOGY ; Middle Age ; Streptococcal Infections/*COMPLICATIONS/DIAGNOSIS ; Streptococcus Agalactiae SO - Postgrad Med J 1986 Oct;62(732):933-4 5 UI - 87024411 AU - Henriksson A ; Link H ; Cruz M ; Stiernstedt G TI - Immunoglobulin abnormalities in cerebrospinal fluid and blood over the course of lymphocytic meningoradiculitis (Bannwarth's syndrome). AB - The conditions of 5 patients with untreated lymphocytic meningoradiculitis (Bannwarth's syndrome, probably equivalent to Lyme disease) with serologically confirmed infection resulting from Borrelia spirochetes were followed with repetitive lumbar punctures up to 221 days after the onset of symptoms. Using a protein A plaque assay, high numbers of IgG-, IgM-, and IgA-producing cells were found in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), whereas there were mostly normal numbers of immunoglobulin-producing cells in peripheral blood. A markedly increased CSF IgM index and an elevated IgG index were observed in all patients during the early phase, reflecting production of these immunoglobulins within the central nervous system. All patients had oligoclonal IgG bands in the CSF that persisted during follow-up; in the 2 patients tested, the bands contained Borrelia antibodies. Most serum immunoglobulin concentrations were normal and in only 1 patient was it possible to detect in serum some of the oligoclonal IgG bands present in CSF. Declining numbers of CSF cells producing immunoglobulin and decreasing immunoglobulin index values were observed during follow-up, but 3 patients had an elevated CSF IgM index in the presence of normal IgG and IgA indices when examined during the later phases of disease. An intense and prolonged IgM response within the central nervous system seems to be a characteristic of the disease. MH - Adult ; Aged ; Antibodies, Bacterial/ANALYSIS ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; Borrelia Infections/CEREBROSPINAL FLUID/*IMMUNOLOGY/ PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ; Borrelia/IMMUNOLOGY ; Female ; Human ; IgG/ ANALYSIS ; Immunoenzyme Technics ; Immunoglobulins/*CEREBROSPINAL FLUID ; Lyme Disease/CEREBROSPINAL FLUID/IMMUNOLOGY ; Male ; Meningitis/CEREBROSPINAL FLUID/*IMMUNOLOGY/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY ; Middle Age ; Polyradiculitis/CEREBROSPINAL FLUID/*IMMUNOLOGY ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't SO - Ann Neurol 1986 Sep;20(3):337-45 6 UI - 87010725 AU - Kinnunen E ; Hillbom M TI - The significance of cerebrospinal fluid routine screening for neurosyphilis. AB - From 1980 to 1985 the cerebrospinal fluid microhaemagglutination assay for Treponema pallidum antibodies (MHA:TP-CSF) was routinely examined from 10 386 consecutive CSF samples of more than 10,000 patients admitted to a large neurological unit in Helsinki. Twenty one patients were considered to have neurosyphilis on the basis of clinical, serological and CSF findings. The MHA:TP-CSF test was positive in 14 patients, in 4 patients the result was undefined, and in 3 patients negative. No false-positive results were obtained. Ten of the patients had no previous history of syphilis demonstrating the value of this type of routine screening, and in only 2 of these patients the diagnosis was suspected by clinicians before the CSF examination. The serum MHA:TP was positive in all examined 18 neurosyphilis patients indicating its value for the routine screening method instead of the CSF examination. MH - Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antibodies, Bacterial/ *CEREBROSPINAL FLUID ; Comparative Study ; Female ; Finland ; Hemagglutination Tests ; Human ; Male ; *Mass Screening ; Middle Age ; Neurosyphilis/CEREBROSPINAL FLUID/*PREVENTION & CONTROL ; Syphilis Serodiagnosis SO - J Neurol Sci 1986 Sep;75(2):205-11 7 UI - 86316261 AU - Schoub BD ; Johnson S ; McAnerney JM ; Vorster BJ TI - Tetanus antibodies as a marker of potential efficacy of killed polio immunization. AB - The use of antibodies to tetanus toxin as a marker of efficacy of parenteral immunization was examined in a randomized sample of 1212 sera representative of the total black infant population of the RSA between 24 and 35 months. All but one of these sera had protective levels of antibodies measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In contrast, in a previous study only 59-80% had tritypic immunity to polio and 70-84% mono- or bitypic immunity. Thus, this serological marker was found to be unreliable and some possibilities for this remarkably high level of antitetanus antibodies are considered. MH - Antibodies, Viral/*ANALYSIS ; Blacks ; Child, Preschool ; Developing Countries ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Human ; Poliomyelitis/*PREVENTION & CONTROL ; Poliovirus/*IMMUNOLOGY ; *Poliovirus Vaccine ; Random Allocation ; South Africa ; Tetanus Antitoxin/*ANALYSIS SO - S Afr Med J 1986 Aug 30;70(5):275-7 8 UI - 86285473 AU - Fleet WS ; Watson RT ; Ballinger WE TI - Resolution of gumma with steroid therapy. AB - Antibiotic usage has rendered neurosyphilis uncommon, and cerebral gummas are rare. Reduced awareness of cerebral gummas and abolition of serologic screening can delay diagnosis of this treatable disease. Diagnostic confusion between syphilitic and nonsyphilitic cerebral mass lesions can be increased by apparent resolution of a gumma during steroid therapy. Such an occurrence in a young woman emphasizes the need for serologic testing for syphilis in diagnosing cerebral mass lesions. A trial of conservative therapy using penicillin (with or without prednisone) should be considered for patients with intracerebral mass lesions and positive serologic findings. MH - Adult ; Brain Diseases/DIAGNOSIS/*DRUG THERAPY ; Case Report ; Female ; Human ; Neurosyphilis/DIAGNOSIS/*DRUG THERAPY SO - Neurology 1986 Aug;36(8):1104-7 9 UI - 86266749 AU - Calisher CH ; Mahmud MI ; el-Kafrawi AO ; Emerson JK ; Muth DJ TI - Rapid and specific serodiagnosis of western equine encephalitis virus infection in horses. AB - Paired sera from 28 nonvaccinated horses with serologically confirmed western equine encephalitis (WEE) virus infections were evaluated for immunoglobulin (Ig)M and IgG directed against WEE virus, by use of enzyme immunoassay. Twenty-one of the horses developed greater than or equal to 4-fold increases or decreases in serum IgM titers in paired serum samples, confirming the diagnosis of WEE in these horses. Of the remaining 7 horses, 1 had stable IgM titers, 1 had a 2-fold increase in IgM titer between paired sera, 2 had 2-fold decreases in IgM titer, and for 3 horses adequate volumes were not available for both sera of the pair. Twenty-nine of 56 blood samples collected from these 28 horses had been collected within the first 3 days after clinical disease was recognized; all 28 horses and 48 of 53 available serum samples had IgM antibody to WEE virus. Immunoglobulin M also was detected in sera of 27 of 45 other nonvaccinated horses that had illnesses clinically compatible with WEE. Sera with IgM did not have cross-reacting IgM against eastern equine encephalitis virus. Therefore, the sensitivity, specificity, and lack of persistence of IgM was useful in the rapid diagnosis of WEE virus infections in horses. MH - Animal ; Antibodies, Viral/*ANALYSIS ; Encephalitis Virus, Western Equine/IMMUNOLOGY ; Encephalomyelitis, Equine/DIAGNOSIS/ IMMUNOLOGY/*VETERINARY ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Horse Diseases/*DIAGNOSIS/IMMUNOLOGY ; Horses ; IgG/ ANALYSIS ; IgM/ANALYSIS ; Male ; Serodiagnosis SO - Am J Vet Res 1986 Jun;47(6):1296-9 10 UI - 86265764 AU - Reik L Jr ; Burgdorfer W ; Donaldson JO TI - Neurologic abnormalities in Lyme disease without erythema chronicum migrans. AB - The clinical features in eight patients with neurologic abnormalities typical of Lyme disease and elevated titers of antibody to the spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi, its causative agent, are described. None of the patients had the diagnostic skin lesion, erythema chronicum migrans. Lyme arthritis, the other clinical marker for the disease, developed subsequently in only three. The neurologic abnormalities included aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, cranial neuritis, motor and sensory radiculitis, and myelitis in various combinations. The occurrence of severe encephalitis resulting in dementia in two of these patients and irreversible myelopathy in one enlarges the known spectrum of neurologic abnormalities due to infection with B. burgdorferi. Lyme disease can present with neurologic abnormalities without diagnostic extraneural features, can be suspected on clinical and epidemiologic grounds, and can be diagnosed serologically. MH - Adult ; Aged ; Antibodies, Viral/ANALYSIS ; Bites and Stings ; Borrelia/IMMUNOLOGY ; Cranial Nerve Diseases/COMPLICATIONS ; Encephalitis/COMPLICATIONS ; Erythema/*COMPLICATIONS ; Human ; Infant ; Lyme Disease/*COMPLICATIONS/IMMUNOLOGY ; Male ; Meningitis/COMPLICATIONS ; Middle Age ; Nervous System Diseases/ *COMPLICATIONS ; Neuritis/COMPLICATIONS ; Radiculitis/ COMPLICATIONS ; Ticks SO - Am J Med 1986 Jul;81(1):73-8 11 UI - 86240965 AU - Coovadia YM ; Dawood A ; Ellis ME ; Coovadia HM ; Daniel TM TI - Evaluation of adenosine deaminase activity and antibody to Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen 5 in cerebrospinal fluid and the radioactive bromide partition test for the early diagnosis of tuberculosis meningitis. AB - A number of different biochemical and serological tests have been described recently for the early and accurate diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis. None of these tests has yet gained widespread acceptance in clinical medicine or in microbiology laboratories. To investigate this problem we evaluated adenosine deaminase activity (ADA), an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that detects antibody to antigen 5 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and the radioactive bromide partition test (BPT) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Cerebrospinal fluid specimens from children with tuberculous, pyogenic, and viral meningitis as well as from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis without meningitis and from controls with normal CSFs were included inn the study. In addition, we estimated ADAs in serum samples from selected children in these groups. The sensitivity and specificity of the three tests evaluated in the CSF were: ADA assay 73% and 71%; BPT 92% and 92%; and ELISA for antibody to antigen 5, 53% and 90%, 40% and 94%, and 27% and 100%, respectively, at tires of more than or equal to 1:20, 1:40, and 1:80. The serum ADA was lower (11.0 +/- 6.15 IU/l) in children with tuberculous meningitis when compared with those with pulmonary tuberculosis alone (25.8 +/- 20.9 IU/l). The BPT was found to be the most reliable test in the early differentiation of tuberculous from other causes of meningitis and remained abnormal for a period of up to five months after the beginning of treatment. Accordingly, we believe that the BPT should be used in conjunction with bacterial and fungal antigen detection systems for the initial differentiation of clinically suspicious tuberculous meningitis from Gram or culture negative cases, or both, of bacterial and fungal meningitis. MH - Adenosine Deaminase/*CEREBROSPINAL FLUID ; Antibodies, Bacterial/ *CEREBROSPINAL FLUID ; Bromine/*DIAGNOSTIC USE ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Comparative Study ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Human ; Infant ; Mycobacterium Tuberculosis/*IMMUNOLOGY ; Nucleoside Deaminases/*CEREBROSPINAL FLUID ; Radioisotopes/ *DIAGNOSTIC USE ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. ; Tuberculin/IMMUNOLOGY ; Tuberculosis, Meningeal/ CEREBROSPINAL FLUID/*DIAGNOSIS SO - Arch Dis Child 1986 May;61(5):428-35 12 UI - 86209817 AU - Adair BM TI - Serological surveillance for maedi-visna virus and caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus in Northern Ireland. AB - The results of serological testing for maedi-visna virus infection in indigenous and non-indigenous sheep in Northern Ireland, over a five year period (1980 to 1984) are presented. In tests carried out in 1980 and 1981 on pedigree breeds, 10 reactors were identified on seven farms and maedi-visna virus was isolated on three occasions from leucocyte cultures. None of the animals showed clinical signs of maedi-visna and all the reactors were subsequently destroyed. Nine of the reactors were imports from Scotland or the Republic of Ireland and the other was the progeny of an imported ewe. In subsequent tests (1982 to 1984) of exotic and indigenous flocks no further reactors were identified. A survey of goat herds for evidence of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus infection was also negative. MH - Animal ; Antibodies, Viral/ANALYSIS ; Arthritis, Infectious/ DIAGNOSIS/OCCURRENCE/*VETERINARY ; Encephalitis/DIAGNOSIS/ OCCURRENCE/*VETERINARY ; Female ; Fluorescent Antibody Technic ; Gel Diffusion Tests ; *Goats ; Human ; Northern Ireland ; Pneumonia, Progressive Interstitial, of Sheep/*DIAGNOSIS/ MICROBIOLOGY/OCCURRENCE ; Retroviridae/IMMUNOLOGY/ISOLATION & PURIFICATION ; Retrovirus Infections/DIAGNOSIS/OCCURRENCE/ *VETERINARY ; Sheep ; Visna-Maedi Viruses/IMMUNOLOGY/ISOLATION & PURIFICATION SO - Vet Rec 1986 Apr 12;118(15):422-3 13 UI - 86198629 AU - Magrath DI ; Evans DM ; Ferguson M ; Schild GC ; Minor PD ; Horaud F ; Crainic R ; Stenvik M ; Hovi T TI - Antigenic and molecular properties of type 3 poliovirus responsible for an outbreak of poliomyelitis in a vaccinated population. AB - Virus isolated from an outbreak of poliomyelitis in Finland has been examined serologically and at the molecular level. The causative agent was an antigenically unusual strain of type 3 poliovirus, which was unrelated to the strains used to manufacture either live or killed poliovaccines. It is likely that the antigenic properties of the virus played a part in establishing a limited outbreak of poliomyelitis in a vaccinated population. MH - Amino Acid Sequence ; Antigens, Viral/GENETICS ; Base Sequence ; Feces/MICROBIOLOGY ; Finland ; Guanyloribonuclease ; Human ; Norway ; Oligoribonucleotides/ANALYSIS ; Poliomyelitis/IMMUNOLOGY/ *OCCURRENCE ; Poliovirus/GENETICS/*IMMUNOLOGY/ISOLATION & PURIFICATION ; RNA, Viral/ISOLATION & PURIFICATION ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Sweden ; *Vaccination SO - J Gen Virol 1986 May;67 ( Pt 5):899-905 14 UI - 86192570 AU - Schmutzhard E ; Mayr U ; Rumpl E ; Prugger M ; Pohl P TI - Secondary cerebral amebiasis due to infection with Entamoeba histolytica. A case report with computer tomographic findings. AB - The clinical and serological findings and computer tomographic (CT) appearances of a case of secondary cerebral amebiasis due to Entamoeba histolytica are presented. The effect of therapy on the neurological symptoms as well as on the CT findings are described in detail. The multiple intracerebral lesions resolved almost completely and the patient survived without any neurological sequelae. MH - Amebiasis/*COMPLICATIONS ; Antibiotics/THERAPEUTIC USE ; Brain Abscess/*ETIOLOGY/MICROBIOLOGY/RADIOGRAPHY ; Case Report ; Dehydroemetine/THERAPEUTIC USE ; Entamoeba Histolytica ; Entamoebiasis/*COMPLICATIONS/DRUG THERAPY ; Human ; Liver Abscess, Amebic/*ETIOLOGY ; Male ; Middle Age ; *Tomography, X-Ray Computed SO - Eur Neurol 1986;25(3):161-5 15 UI - 86164432 AU - Schmedding E ; Verboven M ; Lauwers S ; Ebinger G ; Rom N ; Loeb H TI - Lymphocytic meningoradiculitis (Garin-Bujadoux Bannwarth): from syndrome to disease? AB - In two children with lymphocytic meningoradiculitis (Bannwarth's syndrome), IgG and IgM antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi were demonstrated. Clinical and laboratory parameters of the syndrome are described and recent bacteriological and serological findings that link the syndrome to the American Lyme disease are discussed, as well as the effects of antibiotic treatment. MH - Animal ; Antibodies, Bacterial/ANALYSIS ; Borrelia/IMMUNOLOGY ; Case Report ; Child ; Facial Paralysis/DRUG THERAPY/IMMUNOLOGY ; Guinea Pigs ; Human ; IgG/ANALYSIS ; IgM/ANALYSIS ; Infusions, Parenteral ; Lyme Disease/IMMUNOLOGY ; Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis/DRUG THERAPY/*IMMUNOLOGY ; Male ; Penicillin G/ ADMINISTRATION & DOSAGE/THERAPEUTIC USE ; Syndrome SO - Eur J Pediatr 1986 Feb;144(5):497-502 16 UI - 86162734 AU - M:uller F TI - Specific immunoglobulin M and G antibodies in the rapid diagnosis of human treponemal infections. AB - The serological response to treponemal infections in men before and after specific treatment is analyzed. From the described observations several consequences and possibilities for a specific immunological diagnosis are discussed. In particular, it is shown that early diagnosis of syphilis in need of treatment can be achieved by demonstration of T pallidum-specific IgM antibodies. Finally, new insights into the role of antibody correlations between serum and cerebrospinal fluid are mentioned that have established the detection of asymptomatic neurosyphilis. MH - Antibodies, Bacterial/*ANALYSIS/BIOSYNTHESIS ; Antibody Specificity ; Human ; IgG/ANALYSIS/BIOSYNTHESIS ; IgM/ANALYSIS/ BIOSYNTHESIS ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Neurosyphilis/ DIAGNOSIS/IMMUNOLOGY ; Penicillins/THERAPEUTIC USE ; Review ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Syphilis/DRUG THERAPY/IMMUNOLOGY ; Syphilis Serodiagnosis/*METHODS ; Syphilis, Congenital/DIAGNOSIS ; Treponema Pallidum/IMMUNOLOGY ; Treponemal Infections/ *DIAGNOSIS/DRUG THERAPY/IMMUNOLOGY SO - Diagn Immunol 1986;4(1):1-9 17 UI - 86130066 AU - Bergeisen GH ; Bauman RJ ; Gilmore RL TI - Neonatal paralytic poliomyelitis. A case report. AB - Neonatal poliomyelitis, which was rare even when poliomyelitis was widespread, has not been reported in the United States since use of live oral poliovirus vaccine (Sabin's vaccine) became widespread. We report a child who became symptomatic with apnea at 18 days of age and who subsequently developed a permanent monoparesis. Serologic and cultural evidence indicated the virus as poliovirus vaccine type. Another infant who received live oral poliovirus vaccine was probably the source of the infecting virus. Recognition that poliovirus infection can still occur in the United States and an understanding of the serologic, cultural, and typing tests required to substantiate this diagnosis are needed so that such patients will be accurately diagnosed. MH - Case Report ; Human ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Poliomyelitis/ *DIAGNOSIS/PREVENTION & CONTROL ; Poliovirus Vaccine/THERAPEUTIC USE SO - Arch Neurol 1986 Feb;43(2):192-4 18 UI - 86130051 AU - Bayne LL ; Schmidley JW ; Goodin DS TI - Acute syphilitic meningitis. Its occurrence after clinical and serologic cure of secondary syphilis with penicillin G. AB - Acute syphilitic meningitis developed in a 36-year-old man three months after apparently successful treatment of secondary syphilis with doses of penicillin G benzathine recommended by the current Centers for Disease Control guidelines. He was then treated with high-dose intravenous penicillin G sodium, with resolution of symptoms and cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities. Although other instances of neurosyphilis following adequate therapy for early syphilis have been reported, in most cases reinfection cannot be convincingly excluded. We believe this patient represents a particularly well-documented example of progression to neurosyphilis, despite recommended therapy with penicillin. A review of recently reported cases suggests that progression of syphilis, despite "appropriate: therapy, is not an isolated event. MH - Acute Disease ; Adult ; Case Report ; Human ; Male ; Meningitis/ DIAGNOSIS/*DRUG THERAPY ; Penicillin G/*THERAPEUTIC USE ; Recurrence ; Syphilis/DIAGNOSIS/*DRUG THERAPY SO - Arch Neurol 1986 Feb;43(2):137-8 19 UI - 86127254 AU - Schoub BD ; Johnson S ; McAnerney JM ; K:ustner HG ; van der Merwe CA TI - A comprehensive investigation of immunity to poliomyelitis in a developing country. AB - A comprehensive nationwide surveillance program of serologic immunity of two-year-old black children, combined with evaluation of vaccine quality and distribution, was carried out in South Africa during 1983-1984. Sera were randomly collected from urban and rural groups and cluster samples collected from the semi-urban group. The sample represented 0.23% of the total target population. Satisfactory levels of immunity were found in the urban (80%) and semi-urban (71%) groups but a disquietingly low level was found for the rural group (59%). Individual districts in the rural group could be singled out for directed cluster sampling at a later stage. History and documentation of immunization corresponded well to serologic findings and revealed also a fairly substantial level of natural immunization among individuals who, on history, had received no vaccine. Some 95% of random samples of vaccine recalled from the field showed satisfactory levels of potency. An immunity surveillance program such as this is ideally suited and highly cost-effective for developing countries with incomplete immunization to prevent large-scale buildup of immunity deficit. The technique, however, is too insensitive to detect localized community immunity defects. MH - Antibodies, Viral/IMMUNOLOGY/*ISOLATION & PURIFICATION ; Child, Preschool ; Comparative Study ; Data Collection ; Developing Countries ; Epidemiologic Methods ; Human ; Neutralization Tests ; Poliomyelitis/*IMMUNOLOGY ; Poliovirus/IMMUNOLOGY ; Poliovirus Vaccine/*ADMINISTRATION & DOSAGE ; Random Allocation ; Rural Population ; South Africa ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Urban Population SO - Am J Epidemiol 1986 Feb;123(2):316-24 20 UI - 86119105 AU - Fletcher WA ; Sharpe JA TI - Tonic pupils in neurosyphilis. AB - Of 60 patients with tonic pupils, 29 had serologic tests for syphilis. Five patients had positive blood serology and confirmatory tests; four had other manifestations of neurosyphilis and positive CSF serology. All seropositive patients had bilateral tonic pupils with light-near dissociation and denervation hypersensitivity. Of the 10 tonic pupils, only 1 was miotic and 1 dilated. Although tonic pupils tend to become small and bilateral, they should be distinguished readily from Argyll Robertson pupils, which react briskly, not tonically, to near stimuli. Patients with bilateral tonic pupils should have serologic tests for syphilis. MH - Case Report ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Eye Diseases/DIAGNOSIS/ *ETIOLOGY/PATHOLOGY ; Female ; Human ; Male ; Middle Age ; Neurosyphilis/*COMPLICATIONS ; Paresis/COMPLICATIONS ; Pilocarpine/PHARMACODYNAMICS ; *Pupil/DRUG EFFECTS ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Syphilis, Latent/COMPLICATIONS SO - Neurology 1986 Feb;36(2):188-92