Y016011 1 72-55536 Retirement satisfaction and the timing of the retirement age: An analysis of retirees and older workers from a Fortune 500 firm. Stuteville, Donna E. Portland State U Diss. Abst. Int., 1985 Apr Vol 45 (10-A) 3190 ISSN: 04194209 Jrnl Ann.: 7209 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); BUSINESS AND INDUSTRIAL PERSONNEL (07120); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: demographic factors & health status & income & work attitudes & leisure activity involvement, retirement satisfaction & timing, employees for high technology firm Sec. Head.: 3650 (ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR & JOB SATISFACTION) Y016011 2 72-53751 Elderly residents of life-care retirement communities: Personal control, future planning, and happiness. Y016011 Shifflet, Anne F. U Maryland Diss. Abst. Int., 1985 Jan Vol 45 (7-A) 2221 ISSN: 04194209 Jrnl Ann.: 7207 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: INTERNAL EXTERNAL LOCUS OF CONTROL (26150); HAPPINESS (22270); AGED (01370); COMMUNITIES (10600); RETIREMENT (44470); INDEPENDENCE (PERSONALITY) (24790); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: locus & expectancy of control & desired decision autonomy, future planning & happiness, 62-93 yr old residents of life care retirement communities Sec. Head.: 2840 (PSYCHOSOCIAL & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT) Y016011 3 72-53020 A study of leisure satisfaction, leisure participation, and patterns of leisure activity in relationship to anxiety levels in retirees. Kaufman, Jane E. Temple U Diss. Abst. Int., 1984 Dec Vol 45 (6A) 1868 ISSN: 04194209 Jrnl Ann.: 7206 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); LEISURE TIME (28150); ANXIETY (03310) ; ADULTHOOD (01150); RECREATION (43400); SATISFACTION (?5290) Ident.: anxiety levels, leisure satisfaction & participation & patterns of leisure activity, retirees Sec. Head.: 2840 (PSYCHOSOCIAL & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT) Y016011 4 72-25046 Salience of life areas among older men: Implications for practice. Keith, Pat M.; Goudy, Willis J.; Powers, Edward A. Iowa State Jrnl of Gerontological Social Work, 1984 Fal-Win Vol 8 (1-2) 67-82 ISSN: 01634372 Jrnl Ann.: 7210 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Although research on retirement often does not indicate how withdrawal from work affects other areas of life (e.g., family, leisure), information on shifts in activities and values in retirement may assist practitioners as they work with older people. The influence of employment status and occupation on the salience of work, family, and leisure/community involvement was examined through interviews with 1,332 of 1,860 older males originally interviewed by the present authors 10 yrs earlier, when they were aged 50+ yrs. Data show that 554 of the 1,332 Ss were employed full-time, 229 were employed part-time, 481 were retired, and 8 were unemployed. Occupation and employment status were associated with family interaction, preferences for allocation of time, and life areas providing the greatest enjoyment and sense of accomplishment. Occupation exerted greater influence than employment status on life habits. It is suggested that perceived change in the amount of time that retired men spend with their families may not be as great as the literature indicates. Implications for clinical practice are outlined. (11 ref) Desc.: AGED (01370); HUMAN MALES (23490); EMPLOYMENT STATUS (17196); OCCUPATIONS (35110); WORK (ATTITUDES TOWARD) (57037); FAMILY (19300); LEISURE TIME (28150); RETIREMENT (44470); EMOTIONAL ADJUSTMENT (16760); ADULTHOOD (01150); FOLLOWUP STUDIES (200?0) Ident.: employment status & occupation, salience of work & family & leisure/community involvement, elderly males, 10-yr followup, implications for clinical practice Sec. Head.: 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY); 3600 (APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 5 72-18542 Sex role traditions and retirement from academe. Kaye, Lenard W.; Monk, Abraham Columbia U, Brookdale Inst on Aging & Adult Human Development Gerontologist, 1984 Aug Vol 24 (4) 420-426 CODEN: GRNTA3 ISSN: 00169013 Jrnl Ann.: 7207 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Studied the pre- and post-retirement experiences of 373 retired and emeriti officers in instruction, research, administration, and libraries in an urban university. A questionnaire was administered designed to elicit information about demographics, views concerning the decision to retire and planning that accompanied it, and views concerning the actual experience of retirement, including perceptions of problems and rewards, nature and extent of activity, intensity of involvement in university functions, and adequacy of pension and annuity programs. Results show that the mean age of female retirees was 72.31 yrs and that female Ss had retired significantly earlier (at 65.01 yrs) than males after working an average of 24.7 yrs. Male retirees (mean age 75.31 yrs) had retired at age 66-67 yrs after working for almost 30 yrs. Traditional sex roles appeared to influence both attitudes toward retirement-preparation assistance and the choice of post-retirement activities. Males continued to occupy themselves with work-oriented pursuits, while females participated more in social or recreational activities. (19 ref) Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); SEX ROLE ATTITUDES (46935); COLLEGE TEACHERS (10330); AGED (01370); HUMAN SEX DIFFERENCES (23510); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: sex role traditions, attitudes toward pre- & post-retirement experiences, male vs female emeriti officers in urban university Sec. Head.: 3510 (EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION & PERSONNEL & TRAINING); 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 6 72-17041 Life satisfaction and depression among retired Black persons. Farakhan, Asia; Lubin, Bernard; O'Connor, William A. U Missouri, Kansas City Psychological Reports, 1984 Oct Vol 55 (2) 452-454 CODEN: PYRTAZ ISSN: 00332941 Jrnl Ann.: 7207 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Conducted a 3-session interview (focused on preretirement, immediate postretirement, and current) that include the Ecosystem Activity Record and the Depression Adjective Check Lists with 23 female and 7 male (aged 52-97 yr) Black retired persons. Results show an overall decrease in activities but an increase in time spent with family and home and an increase in participation in church or religiously oriented functions at preretirement. It immediate postretirement, there was an overall pattern of relatively high life satisfaction. In the current phase, Ss reported relatively low levels of depressive mood. (8 ref) Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); LIFE SATISFACTION (28362); DEPRESSION (EMOTION) (13650); BLACKS (06150); AGED (01370); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: retirement, life satisfaction & depression & leisure time, 52-97 yr old Blacks Sec. Head.: 2840 (PSYCHOSOCIAL & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT) Y016011 7 72-16016 Counseling and career development programs in an organization: Design, implementation, and evaluation. Thorn, Isabel M. Corp for Public Broadcasting, Washington, DC Int. Jrnl for the Advancement of Counselling, 1983 Vol 6 (1) 69-77 ISSN: 01650653 Jrnl Ann.: 7206 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. This paper was presented at the Int. Round Table of the Advancement of Counseling held in December 1981 in Cambridge, England. The author discusses the legitimacy of the workplace as a site for counseling and career development services and outlines how the US General Accounting Office has tailored 3 vocational interventions--developmental workshops, helping individuals satisfy their career development needs, and individual counseling and crisis intervention--to employees at all levels and various stages of adult development. Developmental workshops focused on stress management, positive communication, career planning, career development orientation for managers, and retirement planning. A career resource center containing self-managed career/life planning activities was also established. Types of individual counseling are outlined, along with training for supervisors to help deal with employees' personal crises. (18 ref) Desc.: CAREER DEVELOPMENT (07672); PROFESSIONAL MEETINGS AND SYMPOSIA (40740); COUNSELING (12080); EMPLOYEE ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS (17015); OCCUPATIONAL GUIDANCE (34990); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: workplace as site for counseling & career development programs, employees, conference presentation Sec. Head.: 3610 (OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES & INTERESTS & GUIDENCE) Y016011 8 72-16009 Work ethic, daily activities, and retirement satisfaction. Hooker, Karen; Ventis, Deborah G. Pennsylvania State U, Coll of Human Development, University Park Jrnl of Gerontology, 1984 Jul Vol 39 (4) 478-484 CODEN: JOGEA3 ISSN: 00221422 Jrnl Ann.: 7206 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Examined relationships among satisfaction in retirement, strength of the work ethic, and daily activities in 76 retired adults, aged 53-88 yrs, who were well educated and had had middle-class occupations. Activities listed by the Ss correlated negatively with Protestant Ethic Scale scores but positively with the Life Satisfaction Index and the Retirement Description Index. Results suggest that retirees with strong work values are not as active or as satisfied in retirement. (24 ref) Desc.: WORK (ATTITUDES TOWARD) (57037); LIFE SATISFACTION (2836?) ; RETIREMENT (44470); LEISURE TIME (28150); MIDDLE CLASS (31320); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: satisfaction in retirement & strength of work ethic & daily activities, well educated 53-88 yr olds who had had midlle class occupations Sec. Head.: 3610 (OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES & INTERESTS & GUIDANCE); 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 9 72-15392 Assessing the effect of a personal health management system within retirement communities: A preliminary investigation. Slivinske, Lee R.; Kosberg, Jordan I. Youngstown State U Gerontologist, 1984 Jun Vol 24 (3) 280-285 CODEN: GRNTA3 ISSN: 00169013 Jrnl Ann.: 7206 Lang.: ENG. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Evaluated the effectiveness of a holistic care program by comparing 53 program participants with a nonequivalent control group of 14 Ss on indices of wellness, service utilization, illness/hospitalization, and health care costs. All Ss were over 62 yrs of age and were not employed; the majority were female, White, and not married. Measures were obtained at the beginning of the program and 10-13 and 20-23 wks later. Preliminary results indicate that program participants perceived improvements in physical health, morale, economic resources, ability to carry out the activities of daily living, spirituality, and quality of social resources, while controls did not. (21 ref) Desc.: HOLISTIC HEALTH (23115); HEALTH (22390); AGED (01370); RETIREMENT (44470); HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION (22397); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: evaluation of effectiveness of holistic care program, Ss over 62 in retirement community Sec. Head.: 3370 (HEALTH CARE SERVICES) Y016011 10 72-14463 Changes in drinking behavior after retirement: Preliminary assessment procedures. Tucker, Jalie A.; Vuchinich, Rudy E.; Rudd, Edmund J.; Harris, Carole V. U Florida, Ctr for Alcohol Research, Gainesville Bulletin of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors, 1984 Spr Vol 3 (2) 77-82 Jrnl Ann.: 7206 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Developed and evaluated a self-monitoring procedure to assess drinking behavior and activity time allocation in 10 Ss over 60 yrs of age. Frequency and duration measures of Ss' time allocation were calculated over varying time intervals and treated as individual time-series data. The findings from 2 Ss are presented as an illustration of the usefulness of the assessment technique. (4 ref) Desc.: ALCOHOL DRINKING PATTERNS (01690); AGED (01370); MEASUREMENT (30200); SELF MONITORING (46296); RETIREMENT (44470); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: development & evaluation of self monitoring procedure, assessment of drinking behavior, Ss aged 60 yrs & older Sec. Head.: 2990 (DRUG & ALCOHOL USAGE); 2220 (TEST CONSTRUCTION & VALIDATION) Y016011 11 72-12086 The relative contribution of leisure activities and other factors to the mental health of older women. Riddick, Carol C.; Daniel, Stacy N. U Maryland Jrnl of Leisure Research, 1984 Vol 16 (2) 136-48 CODEN: JLERA ISSN: 00222216 Jrnl Ann.: 7205 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Evaluated a life satisfaction model for older women using a stratified, random national sample of 698 retired females and 403 female homemakers; Ss mean age was 73 yrs. Findings indicate that life satisfaction was directly and positively affected by (in descending order of importance) leisure roles, income, health problems, and employment background. That is, homemakers had higher life satisfaction than retirees. (33 ref) Desc.: HOUSEWIVES (23370); HUMAN FEMALES (23450); RETIREMENT (44470); LEISURE TIME (28150); LIFE SATISFACTION (28362); AGED (01370) EMPLOYMENT HISTORY (17174); HEALTH (22390); INCOME LEVEL (24720); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: leisure roles & income & health problems & employment background, life satisfaction, female homemakers vs retorees with mean age of 73 yrs Sec. Head.: 3100 (PERSONALITY) Y016011 12 72-08170 Effects of education on retirement among White male wage-and-salary workers. Hardy, Melissa A. Florida State U, Tallahassee Soiology of Education, 1984 Apr Vol 57 (2) 84-98 CODEN: SCYEB7 ISSN: 00380407 Jrnl Ann.: 7203 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Data from 1973, 1976, and 1978 national longitudinal surveys of 5?-71 yr old White male wage-and-salary workers were analyzed to investigate the effect of education on retirement. It is noted that education was generally recognized as a major determinant of occupational status, and its effect on career-entry positions and on subsequent locations within the occupational structure has been well-documented in the status attainment literature. Results from a series of logistic estimations indicate that the net direct effect of educational attainment on the transition to a retired status primarily consisted of discrete effects located within nonmanual occupational categories. It is concluded that acquiring a college degree reduces the likelihood of retirement among professional, technical, and kindred workers, while acquiring a high school diploma makes retirement less likely for sales and possibly clerical workers. (18 ref) Desc.: EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND (16040); RETIREMENT (44470); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: educational attainment, retirement, White male 5?-71 yr old wage & salary workers Sec. Head.: 3610 (OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES & INTERESTS & GUIDANCE) Y016011 13 72-06362 Sex differences in the antecedents and consequences of retirement. George, Linda K.; Fillenbaum, Gerda G.; Palmore, Erdman B. Duke U Medical Ctr Jrnl of Gerontology, 1984 May Vol 39 (3) 364-371 CODEN: JOGEA3 ISSN: 00221422 Jrnl Ann.: 7203 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Analyzed 6-yr longitudinal data from the Retirement History Study, with 377 females and 1, 468 males (initially aged 58-63 yrs), and the Duke Second Longitudinal Study, with 79 females and 156 males (initially aged 46-70 yrs). Among males, predictors of retirement included older age, lower education and occupational status, greater health limitations, and increased interactions with friends. For females, the only significant predictor of retirement was age. Among males, retirement was associated with decreased participation in formal organizations, increased time spent in extra-work activities, and decreased life satisfaction. For women, retirement was associated with increased time spent in hobbies and household tasks, increased perceptions of social worth, and increased perceptions of internal control. Several differences between the 2 studies were apparent. Possible explanations of the sex differences observed are discussed. (17 ref) Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); PERSONALITY CORRELATES (37740); HUMAN SEX DIFFERENCES (?3510); AGED (01370); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: educational & occupational status & health & social interaction, retirement, 58-63 yr old females vs 46-70 yr old males Sec. Head.: 2840 (PSYCHOSOCIAL & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT) Y016011 14 72-06255 The process of retirement: Implications for late-life counseling. Nowak, Carol A.; Brice, Gary C. State U New York, Ctr for the Study of Aging, Buffalo Family Therapy Collections, 1984 No 10 106-123 ISSN: 07359152 Jrnl Ann.: 7203 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART.; REVIEW Utilizes a review of the literature to discuss implications for counseling individuals in the process of retirement, noting that demographic trends necessitate a critical reevaluation of traditional and stereotyped assumptions about the quality of life and capabilities of individuals during their retirement years. A working knowledge of changing views and research-supported findings on the process and meaning of retirement should be pursued by mental health practitioners working with elderly people. Predictors of adjustment to retirement include health, income, preretirement characteristics of employment, willingness to retire, family circumstances, and retirement itself. A contemporary model of retirement depicts this life event as a process with 6 interrelated stages: preretirement, honeymoon, disenchantment, reorientation, stability, and termination phases. Retiremenal client assessment, preretirement counseling, leisure time, and griefwork. It is concluded that overall research suggests that adjustment to retirement is a complex and dynamic process dependent on predictive factors. (48 ref) Desc.: LITERATURE REVIEW (28580); RETIREMENT (44470); COUNSELING (12080); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: retirement process, implications for counseling, literature review Sec. Head.: 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY); 3376 (COUNSELING & SOCIAL CASEWORK) Y016011 15 72-05440 The role of social security in retirement income: Factors affecting public attitudes. Klemmack, David L.; Roff, Lucinda L. U Alabama Research on Aging, 1983 Sep Vol 5 (3) 301-318 ISSN: 01640275 Jrnl Ann.: 7202 Lang.: Eng. Doc Type: JRNL ART. Surveyed 1,030 adult Alabamans to identify factors related to willingness to have social security play a dominant role in the pension mix of future retirees. The factors examined accounted for 32.8% of the variability in willingness to rely on social security. The best predictors of high willingness were welfare orientation and an evaluation of social security as superior to private pensions. Ss who were more fatalistic about planning their own retirement and those with more anxiety about aging placed greater emphasis on social security. (17 ref) Desc.: PUBLIC OPINION (42210); RETIREMENT (44470); INCOME (ECONOMIC) (24710); GOVERNMENT (21390); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: public attitudes toward reliance on social security in retirement income, adults Sec. Head.: 3610 (OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES & INTERESTS & GUIDANCE) Y016011 16 72-04052 Vulnerability of self and interpersonal strategies: A study of the aged. Kafer, Norman F.; Davies, Daphne U Newcastle, Australia Jrnl of Psychology, 1984 Mar Vol 116 (2) 203-206 CODEN: JOPSAM ISSN: 00223980 Jrnl Ann.: 7202 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Interviewed 25 retired adults (mean age 71.4 yrs) living in their own homes, 25 retired adults (mean age 76.8 yrs) in self-contained independent units within the grounds of established retirement villages, and 25 retired adults (mean age 79.8 yrs) in hostel accommodations with retirement villages. Ss were assessed on levels of fear and aggression, degree of interpersonal activity, and degree of disengagement from social role activities. The results suggest that an expectation of failure in social situations was related to the adoption of an avoidant type of interpersonal strategy that was reflected in the reduction of the Ss' social role activities and choice of residence. (13 ref) Desc.: INTERPERSONAL INTERACTION (26250); SOCIAL ISOLATION (48270); RETIREMENT (44470); AGED (01370); HOUSING (23380); FEAR (19420); AGGRESSIVENESS (01400); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: fear & aggression & interpersonal activity & disengagement from social role activities, retired aged living in independent units vs hostel accommodations in retirement villages Sec. Head.: 3100 (PERSONALITY) Y016011 17 72-02621 Retirement decisions: Expectation, intention, and action. Prothero, Joyce; Beach, Lee R. U Washington, Inst of Aging, Seattle Jrnl of Applied Social Psychology, 1984 Mar-Jun Vol 14 (2) 162-174 CODEN: JASPBX ISSN: 00219029 Jrnl Ann.: 7201 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. 125 staff employees (aged 58, 59, 63, or 64 yrs) at a large university evaluated their expectations about what would happen if they retired and stated their intention. Two years later they were contacted to see whether they had or had not retired. Expectations were used to predict intentions (78% correct predictions) and intentions were used to predict actions (76% correct predictions). Results support the use of the expectation-intention-action chain to characterize retirement decision making. Health (both good and bad), self-fulfillment, the attractiveness (or lack of it) of the present job, and expectations about postretirement finances were major forces in the decisions. Some mispredictions were attributable to an unexpected change in retirement policy during the 2-yr period that encouraged early retirement to reduce the state payroll. (24 ref) Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); DECISION MAKING (13190); EXPECTATIONS (18460); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: expectation & intention & action in retirement, nonfaculty college staff aged 58 yrs & older Sec. Head.: 3610 (OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES & INTERESTS & GUIDANCE) Y016011 18 72-02335 Reactions of professors to retirement: A comparison of retired faculty from three types of institutions. Dorfman, Lorraine T.; Conner, Karen A.; Ward, William; Tompkins, Jean B. U Iowa Research in Higher Education, 1984 Vol 20 (1) 89-102 CODEN: RHEDAT ISSN: 036103?5 Jrnl Ann.: 7201 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Used a study by L. T. Dorfman et al (see PA, Vol 70: 6?55), which compared the professional activities of retired professors from liberal arts colleges, a comprehensive university, and a major research university as the basis for the present comparison of professors' reactions to retirement. Results from interviews of 237 professors (aged 59-73 yrs at retirement) show that a majority of Ss from all types of institutions planned for retirement, were positive about retirement, and offeres suggestions for institutional retirement policy. Ss recommended help in planning, more information about retirement, support for continued work, and gradual retirement. Major differences among the institutions in retirement policies and procedures are discussed. (26 ref) Desc.: COLLEGE TEACHERS (10330); RETIREMENT (44470); TEACHER ATTITUDES (51610); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: reactions to retirement, 59-73 yr old professors from liberal arts vs comprehensive colleges vs major research university Sec. Head.: 3510 (EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION & PERSONNEL & TRAINING) Y016011 19 72-02263 Logophilosophy for Israeli's retirees in the helping professions. Guttmann, David Catholic U of America, Ctr for Study of Preretirement & Aging Int. Forum for Logotherapy, 1984 Spr-Sum 7 (1) 18-25 CODEN: IFLODL ISSN: 01913379 Jrnl Ann.: 7201 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Examined the retirement lifestyles of 136 older Israeli health professionals based on 3 theories that suggest that people choose a lifestyle that may lead to satisfaction and self-actualization after retirement. Continuity theory holds that older people continue to have social and psychological needs similar to those of middle age that require social involvement. Development theory argues that there are role changes and transitions over the lifespan that are perceived as crisis or as opportunities for personal growth and experimentation that necessitate new activities. Disengagement theory holds that older people become less involved in social activities, interactions, and roles. Findings support the continuity theory for adaptation to old age. (22 ref) Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); SOCIAL WORKERS (48450); LIFESTYLES (28375); PHYSICIANS (38640); NURSES (34670); ISRAEL (26760); THEORIES (52590); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: retirement lifestyles, retired physicians & nurses & social workers, Israel, implications for continuity & development & disengagement theories Sec. Head.: 3400 (PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL AND PROFESSIONAL ISSUES) Y016011 20 2-01014 Major role losses and social participation of older males. Wan, Thomas T.; Odell, Barbara G. Virginia Commonwealth U, Medical Coll of Virginia Research on Aging, 1983 Jun Vol 5 (2) 173-196 ISSN: 01640275 Jrnl Ann.: 7201 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Examined the relative importance of major role losses experienced in widowerhood and retirement, personal characteristics, and prior level of participation as predictors of formal and informal social participation in old age. Data obtained from the Longitudinal Retirement History Survey (LRHS) of 6, 603 males (aged 58-63 yrs) were analyzed. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that prior level of participation and personal characteristics such as SES and kin network size explained more variance in participation than major role losses considered alone or in conjunction with related deteriorative changes such as income loss. When the effects of these variables were simultaneously controlled, Ss with major role losses had lower levels of participation in formal organizations and in selected areas of informal activity than those without comparable losses. Examination of the cumulative effects of experiencing both major role losses exacerbated these results. Policy implications for preretirement education and programming are discussed. (34 ref) Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); SOCIAL INTERACTION (48260); SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS (48520); AGED (01370); KINSHIP STRUCTURE (27400); HUMAN MALES (23490); WIDOWERS (56740); ROLES (44870); PARTICIPATION (36810); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: major role loss due to widowerhood & retirement & personal traits & prior participation, social participation, 59-63 yr old males, implications for preretirement education & programing Sec. Head.: 2840 (PSYCHOSOCIAL & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT) Y016011 21 71-54147 Predicting retirement adjustment problems in women. Davis, Kathleen D. Texas A&M U Diss. Abst. Int., 1984 Mar Vol 44 (9-B) 2884 ISSN: 04194209 Jour. Ann.: 7108 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: WORKING WOMEN (57135); RETIREMENT (44470); PERSONALITY TRAITS (37860); DEPRESSION (EMOTION) (13650); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: personality factors & depression, retirement adjustment, female teachers Sec. Head.: 3610 (OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES & INTERESTS & GUIDANCE) Y016011 22 71-52816 Socioadaptive correlates of WAIS-R performance in a geriatric sample. Rentz, Paul A. Fuller Theological Seminary, School of Psychology Diss. Abst. Int., 1983 Dec Vol 44 (6-A) 1736 ISSN: 04194209 Jrnl Ann.: 7105 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: AGED (01370); EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND (16040); INCOME (ECONOMIC) (24710); RETIREMENT (44470); COGNITIVE ABILITY (10050); WECHSLER ADULT INTELLIGENCE SCALE (56530); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: age & education & retirement income & socioadaptive variables, performance on WAIS-R, 70-88 yr olds Sec. Head.: 2820 (COGNITIVE & PERCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT) Y016011 23 71-51578 The relationship of daily activity patterns and retirement satisfaction: A behavioral ecological investigation. Lovett, Steven B. Virginia Polytechnic Inst & State U Diss. Abst. Int., 1983 Oct Vol 44 (4-B) 1244 ISSN: 04194209 Jrnl Ann.: 7103 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: LIFESTYLE (28375); SATISFACTION (45290); RETIREMENT (44470); AGED (01370); COLLEGE TEACHERS (10330); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: daily activity patterns, retirement satisfaction, retired college teachers Sec. Head.: 2840 (PSYCHOSOCIAL & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT); 3510 (EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION & PERSONNEL & TRAINING) Y016011 24 71-28227 Perceived health, life satisfaction, and activity in urban elderly: A controlled study of the impact of part-time work. Soumerai, Stephen B.; Avorn, Jerry Harvard Medical School, Div on Aging, Boston Jrnl of Gerontology, 1983 May Vol 38 (3) 356-362 CODEN: JOGEA3 ISSN: 00221422 Jrnl Ann.: 7111 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. To determine whether part-time employment affects the perceived health, life satisfaction, and activity of urban retirees, 25 experimental (mean age 69.4 yrs) and 30 control Ss (mean age 68.8 yrs) were selected randomly from a pool of 98 elderly applicants in a demonstration employment program for retirees. Program participants were hired to perform park maintenance and beautification work for 20 hrs/wk. Structured interviews conducted at the end of the 6-mo program revealed significant, positive effects of paid employment on measures of perceived health and life satisfaction. Only 1 of the control Ss had found alternative part-time employment 6 mo following randomization. Findings suggest that the provision of optional, paid employment opportunities can have demonstrably positive effects on the well being of retirees. (20 ref) Desc.: AGED (01370); HEALTH (22390); RETIREMENT (44470); EMPLOYMENT STATUS (17196); SATISFACTION (45290); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: part-time employment, perceived health & life satisfaction & activity, urban retirees with mean age of 69.4 yrs Sec. Head.: 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 25 71-27396 Post-retirement orientation to work and successful placement. Sharon, Nachman; Argov, Esther Haifa U, School of Social Work, Israel Aging & Work, 1983 Vol 6 (4) 261-276 ISSN: 01612514 Jrnl Ann.: 7110 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Data from a study of 300 retired men (aged 60+ yrs) who applied for work at an Israeli employment agency indicate that orientation to work significantly increases the ability to explain successful job search behavior and placement. Orientation was in turn significantly associated with flexibility, persistence, and several work history variables but not with demographic factors. Findings also indicate that work remained an irreplaceable source of internal and external rewards for many Ss. Predictive models for use in job counseling are presented that are based on the individual's present attitudes and recent work experience. (27 ref) Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); WORK (ATTITUDES TOWARD) (57037); EMPLOYMENT STATUS (17196); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: orientation to work, successful job placement, retired males over age 60 Sec. Head.: 3610 (OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES & INTERESTS & GUIDANCE) Y016011 26 71-27393 Consequences of retirement. Palmore, Erdman B.; Fillenbaum, Gerda G.; George, Linda K. Duke U Medical Ctr, Ctr for the Study of Aging & Human Development Jrnl of Gerontology, 1984 Jan Vol 39 (1) 109-116 CODEN: JOGEA3 ISSN: 0022142? Jrnl Ann.: 7110 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Six longitudinal data sets, including those reported by H. Parnes (1981) and J. Murray (1979), were used to examine the consequences of retirement after controlling preretirement characteristics. Results indicate that retirement accounted for about 5?-75% of the income difference between retired and working Ss but that retirement had few effects on health, social activity, and life satisfaction. Early retirement, however, had stronger effects than retirement at normal ages. Findings show that retirement has different effects depending on type of outcome and timing of retirement. (9 ref) Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); INCOME (ECONOMIC) (24710); SOCIAL BEHAVIOR (48080); HEALTH (2390); SATISFACTION (45290); ADULTHOOD (01150); LONGITUDINAL STUDIES (28760) Ident.: income & health & social activity & life satisfaction, retired vs working Ss, longitudinal study Sec. Head.: 3610 (OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES & INTERESTS & GUIDANCE) Y016011 27 71-26802 Developing community retirement planning services: An intervention technique. Jones, Halsey R.; Manion, U. Vincent; McIntire, Robert H. Texas Christian U Aging & Work, 1983 Vol 6 (4) 291-300 ISSN: 01612514 Jrnl Ann.: 7110 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Developed an organization development confrontation workshop that was designed to increase community awareness and activity in the delivery of preretirement services. A 5-stage training model was used that involved knowledge exploration, problem exploration, problem determination, program development, and program evaluation. Pre- and postworkshop measurements of motivation to work on preretirement activities and a 1-yr follow-up showed that the model was successful in stimulating interest and activity in preretirement programs. (9 ref) Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); COMMUNITY SERVICES (10690); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: workshop for development of community retirement planning services Sec. Head.: 3370 (HEALTH CARE SERVICES) Y016011 28 71-26644 Self-efficacy assessment and peer group assistance in a preretirement intervention. Poser, Ernest G.; Engels, Mary-Louise McGill U, Montreal, Canada Educational Gerontology, 1983 Mar-Jun Vol 9 (2-3) 159-169 CODEN: EDGEDA ISSN: 03601277 Jrn Ann.: 7110 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. 30 males, 24 females, and 15 spouses (mean age 63.6 yrs) concerned with retirement were assigned to a preretirement training program led by retired ?eer volunteers to test the feasibility of training retired volunteers as group leaders in preretirement training. It was hypothesized that Ss receiving the training would manifest improved attitudes and greater knowledge regarding retirement with more positive expectations of coping with the retirement experience. Treatment Ss participated in a 15-hr program designed to facilitate retirement transition by means of small group discussions: Audiotaped scenarios focusing on self-esteem, interpersonal relations, and leisure time management were used to involve Ss in discussion. Self-efficacy ratings as well as tests measuring knowledge about retirement and retirement morale showed improvement in experimental Ss 3 mo after intervention. Results show that the use of retired persons as peer counselors to assist in retirement education merits further attention. The readiness of volunteer recruits supports the belief that older citizens are willing and able to participate in meaningful community endeavors. (26 ref) Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); VOLUNTEER PERSONNEL (56300); PEER COUNSELING (37135); AGED (01370); GROUP COUNSELING (21740); SELF ESTEEM (46260); ADJUSTMENT (00850); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: training of retired peer volunteers as group leaders of preretirement program, self efficacy & retirement adjustment potential, Ss with mean age of 63.6 yrs Sec. Head.: 3314 (ENCOUNTER GROUP & SENSIVITY & HUMAN RELATIONS TRAINING) Y016011 29 71-19110 Outplacement counseling: Whither the counselor Davenport, Dianne W. Georgia State U Vocational Guidance Quarterly, 1984 Mar Vol 32 (3) 185-191 CODEN: VOGOAT ISSN: 00427764 Jrnl Ann.: 7107 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Describes the need for professional counselor involvement in outplacement activities (i.e., when early retirement, retraining, transfer, and job termination are used to deal with redundant, topped-out, or marginally productive positions). Greater awareness of the field and its requirements may increase the effectiveness of outplacement services and encourage counselors to develop expertise in this area. It is suggested that to reduce the stress of work disruptions through termination, mental health service providers must educate employers to the value of human resources and the need to humanize the workplace by clarifying performance expectations and appraisal and feedback systems. (21 ref) Desc.: OCCUPATIONAL GUIDANCE (34990); COUNSELOR ROLE (12150); PERSONNEL TERMINATION (37960); TOP LEVEL MANAGERS (53500); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: need for professional counselor involvement in outplacement counseling, terminated executives & other workers Sec. Head.: 3610 (OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES & INTERESTS & GUIDANCE) Y016011 30 71-16391 Effects of career orientation on retirement attitudes and retirement planning. Dobson, Cynthia; Morrow, Paula C. Iowa State U Library, Ames Jrnl of Vocational Behavior, 1984 Feb Vol 24 (1) 73-83 CODEN: JVBHA2 ISSN: 00018791 Jrnl Ann.: 7106 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Examined the impact of career orientation and demographic variables on retirement attitudes, intended age of retirement, and retirement preparation among 213 50-65 yr old university professors and employees. Ss completed measures of job satisfaction, work commitment, and personal and general orientation toward retirement. Results indicate that occupational status was associated with unique patterns of career orientation as well as differences in anticipated age of retirement. Career orientation variables were stronger predictors than demographic characteristics of retirement attitudes, while the demographic factors were more efficient in predicting retirement age and level of preparation. Use of career orientation variables in the retirement preparation process is discussed. (34 ref) Desc.: OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES (34970); RETIREMENT (44470); EMPLOYEE ATTITUDES (17020); COLLEGE TEACHERS (10330); JOB SATISFACTION (27040); OCCUPATIONAL STATUS (35056); DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS (13460); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: career orientation & demographic variables, retirement attitudes & planning, 50-65 yr old university professors & employees Sec. Head.: 3610 (OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES & INTERESTS & GUIDANCE); 3510 (EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION & PERSONNEL & TRAINING) Y016011 31 71-13631 Differences between adjustment to and enjoyment of retirement. MacLean, Michael J. McGill U, School of Social Work, Montreal, Canada Canadian Jrnl on Aging, 1983 Mar Vol 2 (1) 3-8 ISSN: 07149808 Jrnl Ann.: 7105 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Most research on psychological reactions to retirement considers adjustment as the main dependent variable. The present author suggests that enjoyment of retirement may be another psychological reaction to this phase of life. Differences between adjustment to and enjoyment of retirement for 44 57-82 yr old retired professional men were explored with respect to different phases of retirement. Ss were administered a battery of tests that included the 16PF and Life Satisfaction Index (Forms A and B). It was found that the 2 dependent variables were related but somewhat different reactions to retirement. Two independent variables, attitudes toward retirement and family interaction, contributed to both adjustment to and enjoyment of retirement. However, income was a significant predictor of adjustment whereas personality was a significant predictor of enjoyment of retirement. Results suggest that further research should consider other dependent variables in attempting to understand the psychological complexities related to the retirement role. (French abstract) (15 ref) Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); ADJUSTMENT (00850); PLEASURE (39170) PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL (40765); AGED (01370); SATISFACTION (45290); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: enjoyment of vs adjustment to retirement, 57-82 yr old retired professional males Sec. Head.: 3610 (OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES & INTERESTS & GUIDANCE) Y016011 32 71-11780 Pensioners who die soon after retirement can be discriminated from survivors by post-retirement activities. Cameron, K. A.; Persinger, M. A. Laurentian U of Sudbury, Canada Psychological Reports, 1983 Oct Vol 53 (2) 564-566 CODEN: P?RTAZ ISSN: 00332941 Jrnl Ann.: 7105 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Questionnaires were read to the wives of 26 living pensioners and to the widows of 20 age-matched contemporaries who had die within 5 yrs of retirement. The 2 groups of men were healthy at retirement and had worked for comparable durations in similar areas of a local mining industry. Only postretirement measures discriminated the groups. Pensioners who died after retirement demonstrated decreased interaction with friends, hobby time, and travel activity relative to survivors' activities. A discriminant function containing 7 variables correctly classified 98% of the cases. Death occurred sooner for those pensioners who decreased their activity after retirement relative to those who demonstrated no change in activity. Data indicate that compensatory increase in activity after retirement may attenuate the risk factors associated with this sudden shift in a major reinforcement schedule. (4 ref) Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); DEATH AND DYING (13110); SOCIAL INTERACTION (48260); RECREATION (43400); AGED (01370); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: post-retirement activities, pensioners who did vs did not die within 5 yrs of retirement Sec. Head.: 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 33 71-09241 Occupational behavior and life satisfaction among retirees. Gregory, Mark D. Eastern State Hosp, Hancock Geriatric Treatment Ctr, Williamsburg, VA American Jrnl of Occupational Therapy, 1983 Aug Vol 37 (8) 548-553 CODEN: AJOTAM ISSN: 00029386 Jrnl Ann.: 7104 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Surveyed 79 volunteers (aged 65-90 yrs) from a variety of settings for the elderly about the amount and types of their activities, the meaningfulness of their activities (i.e., enjoyability, autonomy, and competency), and life satisfaction. Ss with higher scores of the Index of Occupational Behavior generally had higher life satisfaction scores. Results demonstrated that occupational behavior plays a significant role in affecting life satisfaction among retirees. (25 ref) Desc.: LIFESTYLE (28375); SATISFACTION (45290); RETIREMENT (44470); AGED (01370); BEHAVIOR (05670); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: occupational behavior, life satisfaction, retired 65-90 yr olds Sec. Head.: 2840 (PSYCHOSOCIAL & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT) Y016011 34 71-05377 Change in attitude to retirement following a short pre-retirement planning seminar. Shouksmith, George Massey U, Palmerston North, New Zealand Jrnl of Psychology, 1983 May Vol 114 (1) 3-7 CODEN: JOPSAM ISSN: 00223980 Jrnl Ann.: 7102 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Investigated the impact on 36 58-64 yr old participants of a preretirement seminar by assessing the concept of retirement on semantic differential scales at pre- and postcourse sessions. Attitude change, when it took place, was in the direction of perceiving retirement as a more active concept in Ss' lives and in increasing its positive evaluation. Ss who showed change were those for whom retirement was a potent or powerful concept and whose initial rating of the concept on evaluative and activity factors had been low. n general, those most affected by the program were Ss for whom retirement was imminent and who either had not thought about it or were not looking forward to the event and its consequent change in life-style. (8 ref) Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); ADULT EDUCATION (01130); ATTITUDE CHANGE (04430); AGED (01370); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: preretirement seminar, attitudes toward retirement, 58-64 yr olds Sec. Head.: 3610 (OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES & INTERESTS & GUIDANCE) Y016011 35 71-03742 Memory changes in community residing men. Sluss, Teresa K.; Gruenberg, Ernest M.; Reedman, Gail; Rabins, Peter Johns Hopkins U, School of Hygiene & Public Health Int. Jrnl of Behavioral Geriatrics, 1983 Spr Vol 2 (1) 39-42 ISSN: 07306695 Jrnl Ann.: 7102 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Interviewed 149 elderly (average age 72 yrs) community-residing males over a 16-mo period. Findings reveal that 76% of Ss with no detectable cognitive or mood disorder reported a subjective decline in memory. Ss were questioned about their memories and were screened for cognitive defect (the Mini-Mental Status Examination) and depression (the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale). Some factors associated with the reporting of memory declines too small to be detected by the screening instruments were higher education, age, and retirement status. It is concluded that clinicians need to consider characteristics of the person when evaluating self-reports of memory decline. (3 ref) Desc.: MEMORY DECAY (30580); AGED (01370); EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND (16040); RETIREMENT (44470); AGE DIFFERENCES (01360); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: educational background & age & retirement status, self reports of memory decline, community-residing males with mean age of 72 yrs Sec. Head.: 2820 (COGNITIVE & PERCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT) Y016011 36 71-02685 Working life and retirement: Description of a project and some results concerning leisure. Andersson, Lars Reports from the Laboratory for Clinical Stress Research, 1981 Jun No 147 17 p CODEN: RLCRDO ISSN: 03037185 Jrnl Ann.: 7101 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: TECHNICAL REPORT Three groups of industrial employees (159 who had retired 3 yrs earlier, 1?7 who were just about to retire, and 142 who were expected to retire in 3 yrs) were administered a psychosocial interview and a medical examination to identify high-risk situations and groups for 2 indicators of well-being expressing leisure behavior. Six variables within the physical and psychosocial work environment (PWE and PSWE, respectively) and objective and subjective health status (OHS and SHS, respectively) were used as measures of high-risk situations. The author discusses the methodology used in the 1st phase of this longitudinal project and some results obtained concerning leisure. For Ss still working, life associations were found between both quantity and quality of leisure and PSWE and OHS. For retirees, associations were found between quantity of leisure and PSWE and between quality of leisure and PSWE, PWE, and SHS. (10 ref) Desc.: WORKING CONDITIONS (57120); BUSINESS AND INDUSTRIAL PERSONNEL (07120); HEALTH (22390); LEISURE TIME (28150); RETIREMENT (44470); LONGITUDINAL STUDIES (28760); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: physical & psychosocial work environment & objective & subjective health status, quantity & quality of leisure activity, retirees & industrial employees, longitudinal study Sec. Head.: 3650 (ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR & JOB SATISFACTION) Y016011 37 71-00638 Analysis of sequential letter matching tasks utilising lateralised tachistoscopic presentation. McCarthy, R. A.; Beaumont, J. G. U Leicester, England Cortex, 1983 Apr Vol 19 (1) 79-98 CODEN: CRTXAX ISSN: 00109452 Jrnl Ann.: 7101 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Conducted 4 experiments in which sequential matches were demanded for double-letter stimuli; the 1st stimulus pair was presented in central vision and the 2nd on the left or right visual field. Responses were analyzed according to the type of classification required. In exp I, the visual field asymmetries in sequential double-letter classification with 9-sec retention intervals were explored with 16 undergraduates. In Exp II, auditory material with a high information content was added. Exp III was divised to investigate the possibility of temporal changes in visual field asymmetry for double-letter classification using retention intervals of 50 and 990 msec. Exp IV was devised to determine whether the presentation time of the 1st stimulus affected processing laterality. Results indicate that there were alterations in laterality patterns between retention intervals of 50 and 990 msec despite evidence for a prolonged and stable form of visual memory. These findings are incompatible with a model of the letter matching task that maps codes to the left hemisphere and visual codes to the right. (26 ref) Desc.: VISUAL FIELD (55950); CEREBRAL DOMINANCE (08230); CLASSIFICATION (COGNITIVE PROCESS) (09370); VERBAL STIMULI (55575); ADULTHOOD (01150) Ident.: visual field asymmetries in sequential letter matching task, college students Sec. Head.: 2520 (NEUROLOGY & ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY) Y016011 38 70-51589 Professional women in retirement. Rotman, Anita U Pittsburgh Diss. Abst. Int., 1983 Jan Vol 43 (7-A) 2472 ISSN: 04194209 Jrnl Ann.: 7002 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: WORKING WOMEN (57135); RETIREMENT (44470); PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL (40765); COPING BEHAVIOR (11790); ROLE CONFLICTS (44830); PARENTAL ROLE (36670); LEISURE TIME (28150) Ident.: high level of family responsibilities, development of coping methods & leisure activities & subsequent adjustment to retirement, professional women Sec. Head.: 3610 (OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES & INTERESTS & GUIDANCE) Y016011 39 70-13762 The role social pressures play in early retirement propensities. Hwalek, Melanie; Firestone, Ira; Hoffman, William Wayne State U, Inst of Gerontology Aging & Work, 1982 Vol 5 (3) 157-168 ISSN: 01612514 Jrnl Ann.: 7006 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. M. I. Fishbein and I. Ajzen's (1975) model of behavioral intention was used to conceive and analyze normative beliefs about social pressures to retire in ?00 industrial workers (aged 46-66 yrs) within 5 yrs of eligibility for retirement. Ss were randomly selected and interviewed about their retirement intentions. Measures were taken of the model's components, plus health and income, the more traditional predictors of retirement. Multiple regression analyses showed that the social pressure component of Fishbein and Ajzen's model was important in predicting early retirement intentions, but income and health status were not significant factors. It is concluded that retirement decisions should be viewed from more that a purely economic perspective; significant others are important to the industrial worker and may be more important than economic matters to come in their decision to retire. (28 ref) Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); BUSINESS AND INDUSTRIAL PERSONNEL (07120); SOCIAL INFLUENCES (48250); MOTIVATION (32210); INCOME (ECONOMIC) (24710); HEALTH (22390); PREDICTION (39940); EMPLOYEE ATTITUDES (17020) Ident.: social pressures vs health status vs income, prediction of early retirement intentions, 46-66 yr old industrial workers Sec. Head.: 3650 (ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR & JOB SATISFACTION) Y016011 40 70-09395 Some factors relating to sociability: A structural equation model approach. Andersson, Lars; Walck, Christian Reports from the Laboratory for Clinical Stress Research, 1982 Dec No 164 13 p CODEN: RLCRDO ISSN: 03037185 Jrnl Ann.: 7005 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: TECHNICAL REPORT Tested a model that showed how differences in sociability among old people could be understood by differences in personality and work strain, mediated through social coping in the form of mass media exposure. The model was tested using 488 older persons from 6 Swedish companies who (1) had been retired for 3 yrs, (2) were around retirement age, or (3) expected to retire in 3 yrs. LISREL, a general computer program for estimating the unknown coefficients in a set of linear structural equations, was employed. Results show that satisfaction with responsibility at work and influence on one's own work situation were negatively linked to use of mass media as a pasttime both directly and via infirmity. Extraversion was negatively linked to infirmity and also had a direct link with sociability. The latter also correlated negatively with use of mass media as a pasttime. It is concluded that findings in general support the hypothesized model. (11 ref) Desc.: MATHEMATICAL MODELING (29940); SOCIABILITY (48030); PERSONALITY CORRELATES (37740); MASS MEDIA (29830); WORKING CONDITIONS (57120); RETIREMENT (44470); AGED (01370) Ident.: structural equation model of sociability as function of personality & work strain & exposure to mass media, Ss retired for 3 yrs vs near retirement vs expected to retire in 3 yrs Sec. Head.: 2240 (STATISTICS & MATHEMATICS); 2840 (PSYCHOSOCIAL & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT) Y016011 41 70-09158 Effects of employee financial status and social adjustment on employers' retention/retirement recommendations. Rosen, Benson; Jerdee, Thomas H. U North Carolina, Chapel Hill Aging & Work, 1982 Vol 5 (2) 111-118 ISSN: 01612514 Jrnl Ann.: 7004 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Used a decision-making simulation to examine the influence of employee financial status and social adjustment on 250 personnel administrators' recommendations to retire or retain older workers. It was found that more favorable recommendations (continued employment) were made for employees depicted as financially troubled rather than financially well-off, and for employees portrayed as likely to make a poor social adjustment to retirement. (4 ref) Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT (37910); SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT (48060); SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS (48520) Ident.: employee financial status & social adjustment, retention/retirement recommendations, personnel administrators Sec. Head.: 3640 (MANAGEMENT & MANAGEMENT TRAINING) Y016011 42 70-08974 Preferences of elderly individuals for selected music education experiences. Gilbert, Janet P.; Beal, Mary R. U Kansas, Lawrence Jrnl of Research in Music Education, 1982 Win Vol 30 (4) 247-253 CODEN JRMEAX ISSN: 00224294 Jrnl Ann.: 7004 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Surveyed the musical interests and preferences of 279 persons aged 55 yrs or older to determine whether musical activity preferences are related to living setting or community size. Ss preferred observational activities over experiences involving more active participation. A strong preference for older tunes was also noted. A relationship appeared to exist between preference and availability of activities to persons in different communities. (9 ref) Desc.: MUSIC EDUCATION (32660); DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS (13460); MUSIC (32650); AESTHETIC PREFERENCES (01210); MIDDLE AGED (31310); AGED (01370); ADULT EDUCATION (01130); CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT (12820); RURAL ENVIRONMENTS (45040); URBAN ENVIRONMENTS (54940) Ident.: residence in retirement vs nursing vs independent homes & rural vs suburban vs urban communities, musical activity preferences, individuals 55 yrs & older, implications for continuing music education program planning Sec. Head.: 3530 (CURRICULUM PROGRAMS & TEACHING METHODS) Y016011 43 70-08000 Leisure participation and the retirement process. Broderick, Tara; Glazer, Belinda Columbia U, New York State Psychiatric Inst, Washington Heights Community Service American Jrnl of Occupational Therapy, 1983 Jan Vol 37 (1) 15-22 CODEN AJOTAM ISSN: 00029386 Jrnl Ann.: 7004 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Investigated the influence of preretirement leisure activity patterns on retirement planning and attitudes toward retirement. 60 male retirees (mean age 68.4 yrs) answered a questionnaire regarding sociodemographic variables, degree of preretirement planning, type and extent of leisure participation before and after retirement, and attitudes about retirement. A high degree of preretirement leisure participation (measured in hours devoted to leisure activities) correlated with a high degree of preretirement planning. Greater degree of planning was also positively correlated with high income, good health, and a high level of education. Results suggest that preretirement programs may be instrumental in shaping positive attitudes and realistic expectations about retirement. (34 ref) Desc.: LEISURE TIME (28150); AGED (01370); RETIREMENT (44470); ATTITUDES (04500) Ident.: preretirement leisure activity patterns, retirement planning & attitudes, male retirees with mean age of 68.4 yrs Sec. Head.: 3100 (PERSONALITY) Y016011 44 70-06555 Retired professors and professional activity: A comparative study of three types of institutions. Dorfman, Lorraine T.; Connor, Karen A.; Tompkins, Jean B.; Ward, William U Iowa Research in Higher Education, 1982 Vol 17 (3) 249-266 CODEN: RHEDAT ISSN: 03610365 Jrnl Ann.: 7003 Lang.: ENGLISH Doc. Type: JRNL ART. A comparison of the professional activities of retired professors from liberal arts colleges, a comprehensive university, and a major research university show that most of the individuals continue to perform professional roles and that strength of ties to colleagues and professional organization outside the institution are correlated with professional activity at all types of institutions. Liberal arts college and research university faculty show consistency between pre- and postretirement professional activity levels, whereas comprehensive university faculty did not; university faculty showed higher levels of participition in a number of professional activities than did liberal arts college faculty; rated importance of ""research or other creative work'' was related to professional activity for comprehensive university faculty, and rated importance of ""consulting'' and ""university service'' was related to professional activity for research university faculty. (23 ref) Desc.: COLLEGE TEACHERS (10330); RETIREMENT (44470); COLLEGES (10350) Ident.: professional activities, retired professors from liberal arts colleges vs comprehensive vs major research university Sec. Head.: 3510 (EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION & PERSONNEL & TRAINING) Y016011 45 70-05?54 Determinants of cognitive abilities in the elderly. Denney, Nancy W.; Thissen, David M. U Kansas, Lawrence Int. Jrnl of Aging & Human Development, 1983 Vol 16 (1) 29-41 CODEN: IJADDT ISSN: 00914150 Jrnl Ann.: 7003 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. 115 50-93 yr old males were administered 6 cognitive tasks: a verbal intelligence test (Vocabulary subtest of the WAIS), a nonverbal intelligence test (Block Design subtest of the WAIS), 2 tests of concrete operations, 1 test of formal operations, and a problem-solving task. The obtained scores were factor analyzed. Two factors were obtained, Nonverbal Performance and Verbal Reasoning. Regression analyses in which age, education, occupation, years since retirement, health status, activity level, and marital status were predictor variables were performed on the factor scores obtained for each of the factors. The Nonverbal Performance factor was significantly predicted by age, while the Verbal Reasoning factor was significantly predicted by education. None of the other predictors were significant. Results suggest that verbal and nonverbal abilities may be determined by different antecedents. Since different cognitive abilities may have different antecedents and since these antecedents may have different relationships to age, it is important to view adult cognitive development as multidimensional and multidirectional rather than as normative and unidirectional. (44 ref) Desc.: AGED (01370); COGNITIVE ABILITY (10050) Ident.: factors contributing to cognitive ability, 50-93 yr old males Sec. Head.: 2820 (COGNITIVE & PERCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT) Y016011 46 69-52537 A study of ethologic and therapeutic factors of pet-facilitated therapy in a retirement-nursing community. Andrysco, Robert M. Ohio State U Diss. Abst. Int., 1982 Jul Vol 43 (1?B) 290 ISSN: 04194209 Jrnl Ann.: 6905 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: PETS (38035); NURSING HOMES (34700); AGED (01370); TREATMENT (54190); SOCIAL BEHAVIOR (48080) Ident.: pet therapy, psychosocial functioning & activity involvement & self care & conversation concerning pets, residents of retirement-nursing community Sec. Head.: 3379 (HOSPITAL PROGRAMS & INSTITUTIONALIZATION) Y016011 47 9-52048 Clothing attitudes of retired men: relationship to activities, life satisfaction, and sociodemographic characteristics. LaFleur, Rosetta S. U Tennessee Diss. Abst. Int., 1982 Aug Vol 4 (2-B) 395-396 ISSN: 04194209 Jrnl Ann.: 6904 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: LIFESTYLE (28375); SATISFACTION (45290); PARTICIPATION (36810); DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS (13460); HUMAN MALES (23490); CLOTHING FASHIONS (09770); RETIREMENT (44470) Ident.: life satisfaction & participation in activities & sociodemographic characteristics, clothing attitudes, retired males Sec. Head.: 3100 (PERSONALITY) Y016011 48 69-50240 Mid-life transition and career change: Retired military in second careers. Perreault, Madelon M. California School of Professional Psychology, San Diego Diss. Abst. Int., 1982 Apr Vol 42 (10-B) 4225 ISSN: 04194209 Jrnl Ann.: 6901 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: COMMISSIONED OFFICERS (10470); RETIREMENT (44470); ADULT DEVELOPMENT (01127); MIDDLE AGED (31310); ADJUSTMENT (00850); SELF CONCEPT (46220); CAREER CHANGE (07666) Ident.: midlife transition concerns & retirement & career change & self concept & psychological well being, retired officers in 2nd careers & retirement-eligible officers Sec. Head.: 2840 (PSYCHOSOCIAL & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT) Y016011 49 69-50234 An examination of Eriksonian ego identity versus diffusion preceding retirement. Holstein, Kenneth A. Ohio State U Diss. Abst. Int., 1982 Apr Vol 42 (10-B) 4422-4423 ISSN: 04194209 Jrnl Ann.: 6901 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); ADULT DEVELOPMENT (01127); SELF CONCEPT (46220); PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT (37750); EGO (16290) Ident.: overall & occupational ego identity vs diffusion, male adults within 3 yrs of retirement vs college students Sec. Head.: 2840 (PSYCHOSOCIAL & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT) Y016011 50 69-13369 Uttrade ur arbetslivet: Problem och preventiva atgarder. / Succession from the working life. Ruth, Jan-Erik Stiftelsens for Abo Akademi Forskningsinstitut, Finland Nordisk Psykologi, 1982 Vol 34 (2) 178-183 CODEN: NOPSAW ISSN: 00291463 Jrnl Ann.: 6906 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Discusses how the transfer can be made from centering one's life around work to taking responsibility and initiative for one's own activities in retirement. In retirement, the rather vague role of old age may produce feelings of meaninglessness and loneliness in some people. Preretirement education can be used as one of many preventive efforts to ease the transition into retirement. Financial planning, health care, living arrangements, and the importance of activities and human relations usually constitute the content of the courses. Research shows that it is possible to reduce the uncertainty about retirement through preretirement education and that information is most effectively supplied in a lecture-discussion form. More psychologically oriented information is better communicated in arrangements resembling structured T-groups. (9 ref) Desc.: PREVENTION (40290); RETIREMENT (44470); EDUCATION (16000) Ident.: format & content in preretirement education, prevention of uncertainty of retirement Sec. Head.: 3373 (COMMUNITY SERVICES & MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAMS) Y016011 51 69-12477 The life of a police officer: A developmental perspective. Fagan, M. Michael; Aders, Kenneth Kentucky Wesleyan Coll Criminal Justice & Behavior, 1982 Sep Vol 9 (3) 273-285 CODEN: CJBHAB ISSN: 00938548 Jrnl Ann.: 6906 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Studied the psychosocial development of 23 policemen (aged 27-55 yrs) to determine the effects of unusual stress on Ss' development, using the 5 developmental stages defined by D. H. Levinson et al (1976) as a basis. Levinson's stages consist of (1) early adult transition (age 17-22); (2) entering the adult world (age 18-22); (3) transition (age 22-2?), a stressful period when the adult reconsiders some of the commitments made in his/her 20's; (4) settling down (age 33-40); and (5) midlife transition (age 40-45), which separates early adulthood from middle age and is, therefore, a major transitional stage. Ss were interviewed individually about their ethnic, religious, and socioeconomic backgrounds, as well as significant life events (e.g., jobs, social life, ambitions, and disappointments). Although results strongly support Levinsons's model of early adulthood, they are less supportive of the middle adulthood model. 91% of Ss entered law enforcement during the 2nd stage (entering the adult world) due to attraction to the job's security. Although only 8 Ss were aged 43+ yrs, the 5th stage (midlife transition) did not appear to be a difficult or transitional period for them; however, some of the Ss in this stage took a negative attitude to police work and to retirement. Practical implications to improve police morale and efficiency are noted. (17 ref) Desc.: POLICE PERSONNEL (39270); PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT (41920) ; ADULT DEVELOPMENT (01127); OCCUPATIONAL STRESS (35060) Ident.: unusual stress, psychosocial development, 27-55 yr old police officers Sec. Head.: 2840 (PSYCHOSOCIAL & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT) Y016011 52 69-09164 Human resource planning and the older worker: Developing a retirement intentions model. Morrow, Paula C. Iowa State U, School of Business Administration, Ames Jrnl of Occupational Behaviour, 1982 Jul Vol 3 (3) 253-261 CODEN: JOBEDF ISSN: 0142277 Jrnl Ann.: 6904 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Developed and evaluated a model of employee retirement intentions for use in identifying characteristics of employees likely to favor or resist retirement. Specifically, the model considers work commitment, retirement preparation activities, financial adequacy, and other factors such as health. When the model was applied to 269 university employees 50+ yrs old, none of these variables were related to intended retirement age. However, variables associated with work commitment and retirement preparation activities did demonstrate some significant relationships with attitude toward retirement. (22 ref) Desc.: EMPLOYEE ATTITUDES (17020); RETIREMENT (44470); THEORIES (52590); PREDICTION (39?40) Ident.: model, characteristics which predict attitudes about retirement, employees Sec. Head.: 3650 (ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR & JOB SATISFACTION) Y016011 53 69-09157 Attitudes toward pre-retirement counselling: A path model. Kremer, Yael; Harpaz, Itzhak Haifa U, Israel Jrnl of Occupational Behaviour, 1982 Jul Vol 3 (3) 205-213 CODEN: JOBEDF ISSN: 01422774 Jrnl Ann.: 6904 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. In structured interviews with 250 62-64 yr old male workers, Ss were asked whether they wished to participate in a proposed preretirement counseling program. The effect of 6 independent variables on the dependent variable of Ss' attitude toward preretirement counseling was examined with a path analysis. Intention to continue working after retirement had a significant negative effect on the dependent variable, indicating that a strong work orientation interfered with receptiveness to preretirement counseling. An unexpected relationship was observed between a favorable perception of retirement and the intention to continue working. This finding emphasizes the dominance of the work orientation and workers' lack of awareness of alternative social roles. (16 ref) Desc.: AGED (01370); RETIREMENT (44470); EMPLOYEE ATTITUDES (17020); COUNSELING (12080) Ident.: variables affecting attitudes toward participation in preretirement counseling, 62-64 yr old male workers Sec. Head.: 3650 (ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR & JOB SATISFACTION) Y016011 54 69-07923 Life satisfaction of nearly retired and retired workers. Dillard, John Oklahoma State U, Stillwater Jrnl of Employment Counseling, 1982 Sep Vol 9 (3) 131-134 CODEN: JECODE ISSN: 00220787 Jrnl Ann.: 6904 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Studied the extent to which retired staff workers' perceptions of life satisfaction differ from those who are nearing retirement and determined if there were variations in psychological well-being among university administrators, faculty, and classified workers. 26 Ss nearing retirement and 43 retired Ss were administered the Life Satisfaction Index A and B. Findings suggest that preretirement Ss did not have significantly higher life satisfaction scores than did retired Ss. This lack of variation may suggest that retired Ss are successfully adjusting to the aging process. It is concluded that positive psychological well-being appears strongly associated with types of worker categories rather than a natural phenomenon that occurs as workers shift from preretirement to retirement. It appeared that Ss in low-status work activities had a greater degree of life satisfaction compared to Ss in higher-status activities. (8 ref) Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); SATISFACTION (45290); OCCUPATIONS (35110); OCCUPATIONAL STATUS (35056) Ident.: retirement vs preretirement, life satisfaction, university administrators vs faculty vs classified workers Sec. Head.: 3100 (PERSONALITY) Y016011 55 69-07616 Leisure patterns among retired workers: Spillover or compensatory trends. Kremer, Yael; Harpaz, Itzhak Haifa U, Israel Jrnl of Vocational Behavior, 1982 Oct Vol 21 (2) 183-185 CODEN: JVBHA2 ISSN: 00018791 Jrnl Ann.: 6904 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Leisure behavior patterns after retirement were compare retrospectively with those of the preretirement period. The data, which related to former industrial and service workers (310 65-70 yr old males) in Israel, were examined within the spillover and compensatory hypotheses, with retirement representing a nonwork sphere. Findings reveal a spillover effect, characterized by a high degree of passive, solitary leisure behavior both before and after retirement. (38 ref) Desc.: LEISURE TIME (2815?); RETIREMENT (44470); HUMAN MALES (23490); AGED (01370) Ident.: retirement, leisure time use, male 65-70 yr olds, Israel Sec. Head.: 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 56 69-05321 Adapting to retirement. Howard, John H. et al U Alberta, School of Business Administration, Edmonton, Canada Jrnl of the American Geriatrics Society, 1982 Aug Vol 30 (8) 488-500 CODEN: JAGSAF ISSN: 00028614 Jrnl Ann.: 6903 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART.; REVIEW Discusses the process of adapting to retirement (R). Major theories of adapting to R (activity or substitution theory, the crisis model, disengagement theory, the accommodation process, and continuity theory) are reviewed. Core differences between these theories focus on the importance placed on the work role relative to other roles that form a person's identity and the degree to which it is believed that the other roles can or will assist the individual in adapting. Work-related variables (work orientation, occupational level, job satisfaction, and involuntary vs voluntary R); resource-related variables (income, socioeconomic status health, education, and marital and family support groups); and sociopsychologic variables (personality, attitude toward R, leisure pursuits, and R planning) that are important for adaptation to R are discussed. 10 propositions formulated about R are evaluated in terms of their appropriateness as general propositions of human social adaptation. (77 ref) Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); ADJUSTMENT (00850); LITERATURE REVIEW (28580) Ident.: process of adapting to retirement, literature review Sec. Head.: 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 57 69-00730 Volunteerism and life satisfaction among older adults. Bond, John B. U Manitoba, Faculty of Human Ecology, Winnipeg, Canada Canadian Counsellor, 1982 Apr Vol 16 (3) 168-172 CODEN: CCCCBL ISSN: 0008333X Jrnl Ann.: 6901 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. The responses of 373 preretirees and retirees (55-74 yrs old) to the Life Satisfaction Index--Form A were analyzed to determine the independent contributions of age, sex, retirement status, years of education, marital status, and volunteer status. Persons donating their time and services through volunteer activities were more satisfied with their lives than their nonvolunteering counterparts. Educational level was also positively related to life satisfaction. To other independent effects were observed. It is suggested that counselors investigate potential therapeutic effects of volunteer activities. (French abstract) (25 ref) Desc.: SATISFACTION (45290); AGED (01370); MIDDLE AGED (31310); MARITAL STATUS (29660); HUMAN SEX DIFFERENCES (23510); EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND (16040); AGE DIFFERENCES (01360); RETIREMENT (44470) Ident.: age & sex & retirement status & education & marital status & volunteerism, life satisfaction, 55-74 yr olds Sec. Head.: 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 58 68-54589 The influence of selected factors on use of leisure before and after retirement. Wilhite, Barbara C. U Georgia Diss. Abst. Int., 1982 Feb Vol 42 (8-A) 3754 ISSN: 04194209 Jrnl Ann.: 6805 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: LEISURE TIME (28150); RETIREMENT (44470); EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS (16190); PREFERENCES (39995); PERSONALITY (37870); DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS (13460) Ident.: demographic & personality & general descriptive factors, leisure preferences before & after retirement, pre-retirees & retirees, implications for preretirement preparation programs Sec. Head.: 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 59 68-54212 Attitudes toward aging and retirement of retired and non-retired women religious in four mid western states. Downey, Dorothy J. Ohio State U Diss. Abst. Int., 1982 Jan Vol 42 (7-A) 3255 ISSN: 04194209 Jrnl Ann.: 6804 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); AGE DIFFERENCES (01360); EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND (16040); OCCUPATIONS (35110); HEALTH (22390); AGED (ATTITUDES TOWARD) (01372); ATTITUDES (04500); RELIGIOUS PERSONNEL (43820); HUMAN FEMALES (23450) Ident.: age & educational level & occupation & health status, attitudes toward aging & retirement, retired vs employed women religious Sec. Head.: 3610 (OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES & INTERESTS & GUIDANCE) Y016011 60 68-53175 Prediction of life satisfaction and adjustment in retirement among female and male textile workers. Furr, Susan R. U North Carolina, Chapel Hill Diss. Abst. Int., 1981 Dec Vol 42 (6-A) 2501 ISSN: 04194209 Jrnl Ann.: 6804 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: SATISFACTION (45290); PREDICTION (39940); RETIREMENT (44470); BUSINESS AND INDUSTRIAL PERSONNEL (07120); ADJUSTMENT (00850) Ident.: prediction of life satisfaction & adjustment to retirement & aging, retired textile workers Sec. Head.: 2840 (PSYCHOSOCIAL & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT) Y016011 61 68-51777 Socially indigenous help and normal social support in a retirement community. Curry, Ronald T. Indiana U Diss. Abst. Int., 1981 Sep Vol 42 (3-B) 1166 ISSN: 04194209 Jrnl Ann.: 6802 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: SOCIAL SUPPORT NETWORKS (48417); AGED (01370); ASSISTANCE (SOCIAL BEHAVIOR) (04100); DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS (13460) Ident.: demographic characteristics & background & social patterns & helping behavior, persons identified as socially indigenous helpers in retirement community Sec. Head.: 3100 (PERSONALITY) Y016011 62 68-50214 Retirement: Expectations and intentions. Prothero, B. Joyce U Washington Diss. Abst. Int., 1981 Jul Vol 42 (1-B) 403 ISSN: 04194209 Jrnl Ann.: 6801 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); PREDICTION (39940); AGED (01370) Ident.: Multi-Attribute Utility Theory-based questionnaire, prediction of intentions to retire, 58 vs 59 & 63 vs 64 yr olds Sec. Head.: 2220 (TEST CONSTRUCTION & VALIDATION); 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 63 68-12444 Social and emotional effects of geographical relocation in elderly retirees. Hendrick, Clyde; Wells, Karen S.; Faletti, Martin V. U Miami, FL Jrnl of Personality & Social Psychology, 1982 May Vol 42 (5) 951-962 CODEN: JPSPB2 ISSN: 00223514 Jrnl Ann.: 6806 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Compared the adjustment of retired persons who had relocated in South Florida to that of retired persons who had resided in South Florida prior to retirement. A 93-item interview schedule was administered to 314 Ss who had retired 1.5-10 yrs previously. There was a strong tendency for relocaters to move into retirement communities and for nonrelocaters to live in traditional housing. Type of residence interacted with relocation status on the main measure of adjustment, the Srole Anomia Scale. For most Ss, retirement was not well planned, and only a minority had received retirement counseling. Life perceptions were remarkably optimistic. About 75% of the Ss felt that retirement was mostly good, over 75% rated their health as good or excellent, and over 90% were satisfied with their life situation. Only 15% were classified as anomic. Retirement planning was the most important predictor of adjustment, and a combination housing type/relocation variable as the second best predictor. Other important predictors were aspects of support networks, current health status, change in income, and education. (14 ref) Desc.: SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT (48060); EMOTIONAL ADJUSTMENT (16760); ANO?IE (02940); RETIREMENT (44470); AGED (01370); HOUSING (23380); GEOGRAPHICAL MOBILITY (20924) Ident.: social & emotional adjustment & anomie, retired persons who lived in vs relocated to Florida & lived in traditional vs retirement housing Sec. Head.: 2840 (PSYCHOSOCIAL & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT) Y016011 64 68-10175 Locus of control, previous occupation and satisfaction with retirement. O'Brien, Gordon E. Flinders U of South Australia, Bedford Park Australian Jrnl of Psychology, 1981 Dec Vol 33 (3) 305-318 CODEN: ASJPAE ISSN: 00049530 Jrnl Ann.: 6805 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Interviewed 170 female and 131 male Australian retirees over 60 yrs of age using a structured questionnaire that requested information about locus of control, health symptoms, and satisfaction with retirement. Previous research had shown that life satisfaction and adjustment of internally controlled retirees was greater than that reported by externally controlled retirees. Using partial correlations, it was found that Rotter's Internal-External Locus of Control Scale was a significant predictor of most aspects of retirement satisfaction for males when age and self-reported health were controlled. For females, only life satisfaction was significantly predicted. Using path analysis, the relationship between the level of skill utilization in preretirement occupation, locus of control, and life satisfaction was examined. Skill utilization was negatively associated with locus of control for both males and females, but did not have a direct association with life satisfaction. (21 ref) Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); HUMAN SEX DIFFERENCES (23510); SATISFACTION (45290); INTERNAL EXTERNAL LOCUS OF CONTROL (26150); AGED (01370); EMPLOYMENT HISTORY (17174); JOB SATISFACTION (27040) Ident.: locus of control & skill utilization in previous occupation & sex differences, satisfaction with retirement, retirees over 60 yrs of age, Australia Sec. Head.: 2840 (PSYCHOSOCIAL & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT) Y016011 65 68-03216 Correlates of depression in the elderly: Sex differences and similarities. Hale, W. Daniel Stetson U Jrnl of Clinical Psychology, 1982 Apr Vol 38 (?) 253-257 CODEN: JCPYAO ISSN: 00219762 Jrnl Ann.: 6802 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Investigated the relationship between numerous age-related stresses and depression in the elderly. 68 residents of a retirement center (mean age 80 yrs) completed a life satisfaction survey that included a modified version of the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale and assessed depression and a wide range of possible losses or stresses. Depression was found to be related to poorer financial status, fewer and less satisfying interpersonal relationships, poorer physical health, and greater concerns about death for females and to poorer physical health and lack of involvement in activities for males. (16 ref) Desc.: DEPRESSION (EMOTION) (13650); AGED (01370); STRESS (50170); HUMAN SEX DIFFERENCES (23510) Ident.: losses & stress, depression, male vs female 63-94 yr olds Sec. Head.: 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 66 67-53171 Analysis of perceived educational, financial, and psychological needs of United States Air Force officers facing retirement and a second career. Backus, Richard B. Auburn U Diss. Abst. Int., 1981 Jul Vol 42 (1-A) 96 ISSN: 04194209 Jrnl Ann.: 6706 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); AIR FORCE PERSONNEL (01530); NEEDS (33180); SELF PERCEPTION (46310); SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS (48520); EDUCATION (16000); CAREER CHANGE (07666) Ident.: perceived educational & financial & psychological needs, retired Air Force officers seeking 2nd career Sec. Head.: 3610 (OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES & INTERESTS & GUIDANCE) Y016011 67 67-53077 The use of Fishbein's model to predict the intention to retire among autoworkers. Hwalek, Melanie A. Wayne State U Diss. Abst. Int., 1981 Jun Vol 41 (12-B, Pt 1) 4742 ISSN: 04194209 Jrnl Ann.: 6706 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: MODELS (31805); PREDICTION (39940); RETIREMENT (44470); BLUE COLLAR WORKERS (06410) Ident.: Fishbein's model of behavioral intention, prediction of intention to retire, autoworkers Sec. Head.: 2140 (HISTORY & PHILOSOPHIES & THEORIES); 3610 (OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES & INTERESTS & GUIDANCE) Y016011 68 67-50663 The application of John Holland's theory of personality to senior adults and the process of retirement planning. Mikelman, Steven L. U California, Los Angeles Diss. Abst. Int., 1981 Feb Vol 41 (8-B) 3235 Jrnl Ann.: 6702 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); PERSONALITY THEORY (37850) Ident.: personality theory of J. Holland, retirement planning, retirees Sec. Head.: 2840 (PSYCHOSOCIAL & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT) Y016011 69 67-08649 The relationship between job attitudes and the decision to retire. Schmitt, Neal; McCune, Joseph T. Michigan State U, East Lansing Academy of Management Jrnl, 1981 Dec Vol 24 (4) 795-802 ISSN: 00014273 Jrnl Ann.: 6704 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. A questionnaire was completed by 513 state civil-service employees eligible for retirement, being at least 55 yrs old with 30 yrs of service. A 1-yr followup questionnaire indicating retirement/employment status was returned by 379 Ss. Discriminant analysis indicated that job attitude (assessed by the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire and the Job Diagnostic Survey) and financial variables contributed significantly to the prediction of retirement status even when the effects of demographic variables, including job levels and education, were removed. Health was not a significant factor. (10 ref) Desc.: EMPLOYEE ATTITUDES (17020); DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS (13460); DECISION MAKING (13190); RETIREMENT (44470); HEALTH (22390); GOVERNMENT PERSONNEL (21420) Ident.: job attitudes & demographic & financial & health variables, retirement decisions & state civil service employees at least 55 yr old Sec. Head.: 3650 (ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR & JOB SATISFACTION) Y016011 70 67-05601 Retirement style and retirement satisfaction: Retirees aren't all alike. Walker, James W.; Kimmel, Douglas C.; Price, Karl F. Tower, Perrin, Forster & Crosby, Boston, MA Int. Jrnl of Aging & Human Development, 1980-81 Vol 12 (4) 267-281 CODEN: IJADDT ISSN: 00914150 Jrnl Ann.: 6703 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Postretirement patterns of work--employment for pay, voluntary activities, or no work-like activities--were examined for 1, 511 recent retirees from major corporations. A related typology of retirement styles-reorganizer, rocking chair, holding on, and dissatisfied patterns--was also used. These patterns are examined in terms of preretirement characteristics of the respondents, postretirement attitudes about retirement, and retirement satisfaction. Multivariate analyses comparing the salience of retirement style with health, income, occupation, and preretirement feelings about retiring for predicting retirement satisfaction indicated that retirement style was a significant predictor of overall retirement satisfaction and of the subscales of satisfaction with activities and finances. Implications for preretirement counseling and retirement policies are discussed. (6 ref) Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); LIFESTYLE (28375); ATTITUDES (04500) SATISFACTION (45290); HEALTH (22390); INCOME LEVEL (2?720); OCCUPATIONS (35110) Ident.: retirement style vs health vs income vs occupation vs preretirement attitudes, retirement satisfaction, retirees from major corporations, implications for preretirement counseling & retirement policies Sec. Head.: 2840 (PSYCHOSOCIAL & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT) Y016011 71 67-0?211 Determinants of continued and discontinued participation in pre-retirement training: An Israeli case study. Harpaz, Itzhak; Kremer, Yael U Haifa, Israel Jrnl of Occupational Psychology, 1981 Sep Vol 5 (3) 213-220 ISSN: 03058107 Jrnl Ann.: 6701 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Offered a preretirement training program, the first of its kind in Israel, to older workers in 5 industrial and public service organizations. After training, structured interviews were conducted with 138 workers, who formed 2 groups according to their rate of attendance at training sessions: continued and discontinued participation. An attempt was made to identify the characteristics of these groups, in terms of 12 independent variables. Multiple regression and discriminant analyses revealed that the best explanatory and discriminating variables were occupational level, contact with grandchildren, attitude toward preretirement training, perceived attitude of management toward older employees, initiative vs dependence, and enjoyment of present job. On the basis of these variables, group membership was correctly predicted for 67% of the Ss. (16 ref) Desc.: JOB SATISFACTION (27040); EMPLOYEE ATTITUDES (17020); OCCUPATIONAL STATUS (35056); INITIATIVE (25430); EMPLOYER ATTITUDES (17160); RETIREMENT (44470); GROUP PARTICIPATION (21780); PERSONNEL TRAINING (37970); FAMILY RELATIONS (19250) Ident.: enjoyment & level of job & contact with grandchildren & attitude toward training & perceived attitude of management & initiative vs dependence, continued participation in preretirement program, older workers, Israel Sec. Head.: 3620 (PERSONNEL SELECTION & TRAINING) Y016011 72 66-51615 Military retirees' perceptions of their transition from the Canadian Armed Forces to civilian life: Implications for adult learning. Singh, Raj K. U Toronto, Canada Diss. Abst. Int., 1980 Dec Vol 41 (6-A) 2406 Jrnl Ann.: 6604 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: MILITARY PERSONNEL (31470); CAREER CHANGE (07666); RETIREMENT (44470); ATTITUDES (04500); ADULT DEVELOPMENT (01127) Ident.: perception of transition from military to civilian status, military retirees Sec. Head.: 3610 (OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES & INTERESTS & GUIDANCE); 2840 (PSYCHOSOCIAL & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT) Y016011 73 66-50947 University retiree satisfaction relative to selected demographic variables. Brownlee, Leonard J. U Missouri, Columbia Diss. Abst. Int., 1980 Nov Vol 41 (5-A) 1967 Jrnl Ann.: 6602 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: HEALTH (22390); RETIREMENT (44470); DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS (13460); INCOME LEVEL (24720); EDUCATIONAL PERSONNEL (16150); EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND (16040); SATISFACTION (45290) Ident.: health & education & present income & other demographic variables, satisfaction, retired university employees Sec. Head.: 3510 (EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION & PERSONNEL & TRAINING) Y016011 74 66-50834 Extraversion and neuroticism of elderly retired persons in south Mississippi. Bowman, Jeanie G. U Southern Mississippi Diss. Abst. Int., 1980 Nov Vol 41 (5-A) 1893 Jrnl Ann.: 6602 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND (16040); EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS (16190); AGED (01370); EXTRAVERSION (18854); NEUROTICISM (33915); RETIREMENT (44470); AGE DIFFERENCES (01360) Ident.: educational background, extraversion & neuroticism as measured by Eysenck Personality Inventory, 60-89 yr old retired persons in federally funded educational project Sec. Head.: 3530 (CURRICULUM PROGRAMS & TEACHING METHODS); 2840 (PSYCHOSOCIAL & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT) Y016011 75 66-50647 The relationship of locus of control, work history career type, and life satisfaction to pre-retirement planning behavior. Brooks, James D. U Texas, Austin Diss. Abst. Int., 1980 Oct Vol 41 (4-B) 1534 Jrnl Ann.: 6602 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: COLLEGE TEACHERS (10330); INTERNAL EXTERNAL LOCUS OF CONTROL (26150); SATISFACTION (45290); RETIREMENT (44470); OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES (34970); ADJUSTMENT (00850) Ident.: locus of control & work life style & general life adjustment, pre-retirement planning behavior, college faculty & staff Sec. Head.: 3100 (PERSONALITY); 3510 (EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION & PERSONNEL & TRAINING) Y016011 76 66-50101 The rate of suicide, potential for suicide, and recommendations for prevention among retired police officers. Gaska, Cass W. Wayne State U Diss. Abst. Int., 1980 Oct Vol 41 (4-A) 1402 Jrnl Ann.: 6601 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: SUICIDE (50620); SUICIDE PREVENTION (50640); POLICE PERSONNEL (39270); RETIREMENT (44470) Ident.: suicide rate & prevention & predictors, retired police officers Sec. Head.: 3230 (BEHAVIOR DISORDERS & ANTISOCIAL BEHAVIOR) Y016011 77 66-07886 Leisure attributes and retirement satisfaction. O'Brien, Gordon E. Flinders U of South Australia, School of Social Sciences, Bedford Park Jrnl of Applied Psychology, 1981 Jun Vol 66 (3) 371-384 ISSN: 00219010 Jrnl Ann.: 6604 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. 301 South Australian retirees completed an interview/questionnaire regarding their regular leisure activities and retirement satisfaction. Leisure activities were reliably rated on the attributes of influence, variety, skill utilization, and interaction. Retirement satisfaction was measured along factors of activities, people, health, finances, and life satisfaction. Results generally do not support the hypothesis that attributes of work that are associated with job satisfaction would also be the attributes of leisure that are associated with retirement satisfaction. Following the use of decomposition procedures, it was found that the number of leisure activities and leisure interaction, together with health and financial satisfaction, were significant predictors of satisfaction with retirement activities. Of these variables, only satisfaction with retirement activities was a significant predictor of life satisfaction. (30 ref) Desc.: AUSTRALIA (04800); RETIREMENT (44470); LEISURE TIME (28150); SATISFACTION (45290); AGED (01370) Ident.: leisure activities & retirement satisfaction, retirees, Australia Sec. Head.: 2840 (PSYCHOSOCIAL & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT); 3600 (APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 78 66-04495 Attitudes toward work and retirement in Sweden: A multigroup, multivariate analysis. Skoglund, John U Orebro, Sweden Int. Jrnl of Aging & Human Development, 1980 Vol 11(2) 147-162 CODEN: IJADDT ISSN: 00914150 Jrnl Ann.: 6602 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Examined various work and retirement orientations of 584 60-75 yr old Swedes to ascertain how they apply to 4 groups: preretiree (P), early retiree (E), working retiree (W), and fully retired (F). Data were analyzed by means of stepwise multiple discriminant analysis. 14 of 25 variables contributed significantly to 3 functions, correctly classifying 54% of Ss. It was found that Ps, although anticipating loss of employment after retiring, displayed the least work satisfaction and preferred a lower retirement age, manifesting simultaneous positive attitudes toward retirees and their gatherings; Es were characterized by negative attitudes toward work and retirement and by ambiguous views of retirees and social integration; Ws appeared the most work-oriented and evidenced distaste for retirement; and Fs were characterized as retirement-oriented and as being negative toward social activities. (25 ref) Desc.: AGED (01370); WORK (ATTITUDES TOWARD) (57037); RETIREMENT (44470); SWEDEN (50950) Ident.: Attitudes toward work & retirement, 60-75 yr olds, Sweden Sec. Head.: 3610 (OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES & INTERESTS & GUIDANCE) Y016011 79 65-50379 Accommodation to retirement years: Discrepancy as a predictor measure. Carlisle, Ann E. California School of Professional Psychology, Berkeley Diss. Abst. Int., 1980 Jan vol 40 (7-B) 3361 Jrnl Ann.: 6501 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: RETIREMENT; INVOLVEMENT; PARTICIPATION; ADJUSTMENT; SATISFACTION Ident.: discrepancy between actual vs desired activity participation, prediction of satisfaction in adjustment to retirement, oil corporation retirees Sec. Head.: 2840 (PSYCHOSOCIAL & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT) Y016011 80 65-11102 Expectancy theory components and non-expectancy moderators as predictors of physicians' preference for retirement. Jacobson, Dan; Eran, Mordechai Tel-Aviv U, Israel Jrnl of Occupational Psychology, 1980 Mar Vol 53 (1) 11-26 ISSN: 0?058107 Jrnl Ann.: 6505 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Analysis of several expectancy component configurations from interviews with 317 employed public clinic physicians within 10 yrs of conventional retirement age or beyond it showed that preference to remain employed or to retire depended on the differences between perceived instrumentalities of continued employment and of retirement for the attainment of outcomes. (2 p ref) Desc.: PHYSICIANS (38640); EXPECTATIONS (18460); THEORIES (52590); PREFERENCES (39995); PREDICTION (39940); RETIREMENT (44470) Ident.: expectancy theory components, prediction of preferences for retirement, physicians within 10 yrs of retirement age Sec. Head.: 3400 (PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL AND PROFESSIONAL ISSUES) Y016011 81 65-10481 The importance of play in anticipatory ideas about retirement. Huguet, P.; Duclos, O.; Membrey, J.-M.; Paquin, C. Ctr Psychiatrique de Rouvray, Rouen, France Annales Medico-Psychologiques, 1978 Mar Vol 136 (3) 456-460 CODEN: AMPYAT ISSN: 00034487 Jrnl Ann.: 6505 Language: French Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Holds that the prevailing negative attitudes of society regarding retirement are based in no small measure on an equating of inactivity with nonproductivity. Deeply held values are associated with work and production as adult activities, while whatever is engaged in merely for its own sake is, by definition, play (i.e., nonproductive, nonadult, childish, and irresponsible). To the contrary, it is argued, a healthy celebration of the new leisure brought by retirement may depend heavily on a rediscovery of the value of play itself--activity needing no justification other than the pleasure that it brings. There is scant evidence that such attitudes exist today. Rather than the hoped-for outlook of ""now the festival begins, '' one finds everywhere a bleakness of anticipatory fantasy regarding the future life of the individual as a retiree. Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); RECREATION (43400); PLEASURE (39170) ATTITUDES (04500) Ident.: importance of play in retirement Sec. Head.: 3100 (PERSONALITY) Y016011 82 65-10235 Personal major events and reactions to retirement: Preliminary findings. MacLean, Michael J. McGill U School of Social Work, Montreal, Canada Canadian Counsellor, 1980 Jan Vol 14 (2) 83-87 CODEN: CCCCBL ISSN: 0008333X Jrnl Ann.: 6505 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Proposes the life-style concept of personal major events (PME) as a measure to predict an individual's reactions to retirement. The PME of 44 retired professional men (aged 57-82 yrs) were categorized into the mutually exclusive categories of work, family, and leisure events. Findings suggest a significant negative relationship between the work proportion of PME and adjustment to and enjoyment of retirement. A significant positive relationship was found between the family proportion of PME and enjoyment of and prior attitudes to retirement. Findings suggest that the concept of PME is relevant for preretirement planners and as a research area in social gerontology. (French abstract) (18 ref) Desc.: RETIREMENT (44470); JOB INVOLVEMENT (26994); FAMILY RELATIONS (19250); LEISURE TIME (28150) PERSONAL VALUES (37690); LIFE EXPERIENCES (28355); ADJUSTMENT (00850); PREDICTION (39940); MIDDLE AGED (31310); AGED (01370) Ident.: number of work vs family vs leisure personal major events, prediction of retirement adjustment & enjoyment, 57-82 yr old male retired professionals Sec. Head.: 2840 (PSYCHOSOCIAL & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT) Y016011 83 65-04009 APGA members in retirement and their advice to the rest of us. Rockwell, Laurelee K.; Hood, Albert B.; Lee, Virginia E. U Iowa, Iowa City Personnel & Guidance Jrnl, 1980 Nov Vol 59 (3) 135-139 CODEN: PGJOAO ISSN: 00315737 Jrnl Ann.: 6502 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Questionnaires returned by 231 (of 399) retired and emeritus members of the American Personnel and Guidance Association (APGA) indicate that most retired counselors were financially comfortable and continued to lead productive and happy lives in retirement. Respondents emphasized the need to remain active and to plan well in advance of actual retirement. Recommendations of the respondents for services to the elderly and for APGA programs are included. (1 ref) Desc.: INCOME LEVEL; RETIREMENT; AGED; COUNSELORS; SATISFACTION Ident.: retirement activities & financial status, retired members of American Personnel & Guidance Association Sec. Head.: 3400 (PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL AND PROFESSIONAL ISSUES) Y016011 84 64-52185 A study of late life professional visibility and academic activities of academic male social scientists. McDonald, William J. U Chicago Diss. Abst. Int., 1979 Oct Vol 40 (4-B) 1961-1962 Jrnl Ann.: 6404 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: RETIREMENT; COLLEGE TEACHERS; PSYCHOLOGISTS; SOCIOLOGISTS; AGED; HUMAN MALES Ident.: post retirement professional activities, male academic psychologists & sociologists Sec. Head.: 3400 (PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL AND PROFESSIONAL ISSUES) Y016011 85 64-08082 Attitudes toward the elderly in Sweden: Correlates and age group comparisons. Skoglund, John U Uppsala, Sweden Int. Journal of Aging & Human Development, 1979-80 Vol 10 (1) 47-62 CODEN: IJADDT ISSN: 00914150 Jrnl Ann.: 6404 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Examined attitudes toward societal relations of 1, 303 Ss in 2 age-stratified random samples, aged 30-65 and 70-75 (both groups expressed attitudes toward the latter group), and explored which correlates were associated with the attitudes. Six attitudinal dimensions were analyzed by means of group comparisons and linear regression. The younger group appeared positive toward interactive behavior; the elderly were positive toward previous roles though reluctant to engage in new activities. Some significant correlates were distinguished, although in a diversified manner over groups and dimensions: Positive attitudes among the younger were associated with low age, high education, and being female. No such clear pattern was found among the elderly, where work commitment and contacts with peers were particularly indicative of positive attitudes toward social activities. (27 ref) Desc.: AGE DIFFERENCES; DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS; AGED (ATTITUDES TOWARD); AGED; WORK (ATTITUDES TOWARD); RETIREMENT; SWEDEN; ADULTS; MIDDLE AGED Ident.: age & demographic characteristics, attitudes toward elderly & retirement & work, 30-65 vs 70-75 yr olds, Sweden Sec. Head.: 3100 (PERSONALITY) Y016011 86 64-06572 Comparison of early retirees and nonretirees. Schmitt, Neal; Coyle, Bryan T.; Rauschenberger, John; White, J. Kenneth Michigan State U Personnel Psychology, 1979 Sum Vol 32 (2) 327-340 CODEN: PPSYAQ ISSN: 00315826 Jrnl Ann.: 6403 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Compared 250 early retirees with a similar group of 422 nonretired Civil Service employees on demographic, experience, job attitude, and other variables. Consistent with earlier studies, demographic, health, and income variables accounted for approximately 3 times as much variance in the retirement status variable as did the motivational and attitudinal variables. As compared with nonretirees, retirees reported that their jobs had afforded less autonomy, skill variety, opportunity to deal with others, and intrinsic satisfaction, but more feedback from others. Analysis of the demographic variables indicated that retirees were more likely to be female, to have fewer financial commitments, and to have had more jobs in their careers. It is suggested that the retirement decision may represent a positive attempt on the part of individuals to pursue more challenging, interesting activities and that longitudinal research should be initiated to explore in more detail the determinants of the retirement decision and subsequent retirement satisfaction. (17 ref) Desc.: DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS; RETIREMENT; OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES Ident.: demographic characteristics & experience & job attitudes, early retirees vs nonretirees Sec. Head.: 3600 (APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 87 64-05242 Life changes and administrator-organization relationships: II. Heffernan, James M. Syracuse U Educational Gerontology, 1979 Apr-Jun Vol 4 (2) 129-131 CODEN: EDGEDA ISSN: 03601277 Jrnl Ann.: 6403 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Discusses 7 stages of adult development (e.g., leaving the family, entering the adult world, and rooting) within the context of organizational behavior, emphasizing the preretirement period. Productivity in the preretirement period is associated with disengagement, as the shift of emphasis from ego satisfaction to organization maintinance can make up for decreases in energy due to aging, and the approach of retirement causes a decrease of interest in the organization. The related features of cautiousness and rigidity can be important for describing the older administrator's activities; however, rigidity is often caused by prejudices about the elderly more than by aging effects. Activities prior to retirement are described, and 7 phases of the retirement process are enumerated. (e.g., early preretirement, disenchantment, and stability). (7 ref) Desc.: MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL; ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR; ADULT DEVELOPMENT; RETIREMENT Ident.: preretirement stage, organizational behavior, administrators Sec. Head.: 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY); 3650 (ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR & JOB SATISFACTION) Y016011 88 64-02258 Factors influencing attitude towards retirement. McGee, Mark G.; Hall, James; Lutes-Dunckley, Candida J. Texas A&M U Jrnl of Psychology, 1979 Jan Vol 101 (1) 15-18 CODEN: JOPSAM ISSN: 00223980 Jrnl Ann.: 6401 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Tested the hypothesis that a positive attitude toward retirement is influenced by the extent to which continuity of life-style is expected and to determine the effect if any, of commitment to work on attitude toward retirement. Questionnaire data were obtained from 74 28-61 yr old managers. Results indicate that those anticipating a discontinuity of life-style in retirement were more likely to have a negative attitude toward retirement than those anticipating continuity of life-style. No relationship was found between attitude toward retirement and present commitment to work. (8 ref) Desc.: MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL; LIFESTYLE; WORK (ATTITUDES TOWARD); RETIREMENT; ATTITUDES; JOB INVOLVEMENT Ident.: expectation of continuity of lifestyle & commitment to work, attitudes toward retirement, 28-61 yr old managers Sec. Head.: 3640 (MANAGEMENT & MANAGEMENT TRAINING) Y016011 89 64-00836 Pre-retirement life-style and the degree of planning for retirement. McPherson, Barry D.; Guppy, Neil U Waterloo, Canada Jrnl of Gerontology, 1979 Mar Vol 34 (2) 254-263 CODEN: JOGEA3 ISSN: 00221422 Jrnl Ann.: 6401 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Interview data obtained from 360 55-64 yr old males show that socioeconomic status (as measured by occupation, income, and education), perceived health, expressive organizational affiliation, job satisfaction, and degree of leisure orientation were positively associated with preretirement attitudes and decision making. (43 ref) Desc.: HUMAN MALES; RETIREMENT; SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS; HEALTH; JOB SATISFACTION; LEISURE TIME; DECISION MAKING; MIDDLE AGED; AGED; ATTITUDES Ident.: socioeconomic status & perceived health & organizational affiliation; & job satisfaction & leisure orientation, preretirement attitudes & decision making, 55-64 yr old males Sec. Head.: 2840 (PSYCHOSOCIAL & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT) Y016011 90 63-50037 An investigation of selected variables and their relationship to retirement satisfaction. Wurtz, Richard F. U Kansas Diss. Abst. Int., 1979 Jan Vol 39 (7-A) 4158-4159 Jrnl Ann.: 6303 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: RETIREMENT; SATISFACTION; AGE DIFFERENCES; SELF CONCEPT; EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND; GOALS Ident.: retirement variables, retirement satisfaction, retirees Sec. Head.: 2840 (PSYCHOLOCIAL & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT) Y016011 91 63-12736 Psychologists in retirement: An impression. Heckel, Robert V. U South Carolina Clinical Psychologist, 1980 Spr Vol 33 (3) 7-8 ISSN: 00099244 Jrnl Ann.: 6306 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Reports observations and conclusions obtained from interviewing psychologists over the age of 65. Activity level was higher than anticipated; professional roles were in applications rather than research; and income and housing appeared better than average for the elderly. Advice offered for younger psychologists includes maintaining active communication with a variety of organizations; expanding academic and clinical skills; considering the uses and applications of one's research, nationally and internationally; and obtaining sound advice on the adequacy of health and income coverage. Desc.: AGED; PSYCHOLOGISTS; ROLES; RECREATION; RETIREMENT; PSYCHOLOGY; HEALTH; HOUSING; INCOME LEVEL; ATTITUDES Ident.: activity level & professional roles & perceptions of psychology & income & housing & health, psychologists Sec. Head.: 3400 (PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL AND PROFESSIONAL ISSUES) Y016011 92 63-12733 Male social scientists: Lives after sixty. Havigurst, Robert J.; McDonald, William J.; Maeulen, Leo; Mazel, Joseph U Chicago, Committee on Human Development Gerontologist, 1979 Feb Vol 19 (1) 55-60 CODEN: GRNTA3 ISSN: 00169013 Jrnl Ann.: 6306 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Adaptation to the retirement process by male sociologists and psychologists was studied for the age period 60-75 in a group of 779 men, born in 1893-1903, who held academic positions in departments of psychology or sociology for at least 15 yrs immediately before the age of 60. Based on publication data for the age interval 59-73, the Ss were grouped into 3 publication levels: high, medium, and low. The 3 groups were compared systematically on data from an extended questionnaire on their careers and from personality tests. Ss had markedly different life-styles, established during the adult years and carried on through the age period 60-75. High publishers finished their education sooner, established their careers sooner, and kept working longer than the other groups, who had more diversified interests. Low publishers were more likely to have held administrative positions (e.g., department heads) and to be involved in community and family activities. (13 ref) Desc.: AGED; HUMAN MALES; SOCIOLOGISTS; PSYCHOLOGISTS; RETIREMENT; LIFESTYLE; PROFESSIONAL CONTRIBUTION; ADJUSTMENT Ident.: publication level & established lifestyle, adaptation to retirement, 60-75 yr old male sociologists & psychologists Sec. Head.: 3400 (PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL AND PROFESSIONAL ISSUES) Y016011 93 63-10374 Long-term effects of control and predictability-enhancing interventions: Findings and ethical issues. Schulz, Richard; Hanusa, Barbara H. Carnegie-Mellon U Jrnl of Personality & Social Psychology, 1978 Nov Vol 36(11) 1194-1201 CODEN: JPSPB2 ISSN: 00223514 Jrnl Ann.: 6305 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Examined the long-term effects of participating in a field experiment on the effects of control and predictability-enhancing interventions. 40 retirement home residents who had initially benefited from being exposed to a specific positive predictable or controllable event (visits by college students) were assessed at 3 different intervals after the study was terminated. Health and psychological status data collected 24, 30, and 42 mo after the study indicated no positive long-term effects attributable to the interventions. In fact, groups that had initially benefited from the interventions exhibited precipitous declines once the study was terminated, whereas groups that had not benefited remained stable over time. Theoretical and ethical implications are discussed. (11 ref) Desc.: AGED; SOCIAL INTERACTION; HEALTH; MENTAL HEALTH; FOLLOWUP STUDIES; RETIREMENT; INSTITUTIONALIZATION; ETHICS Ident.: control & predictability-enhancing interventions, health & psychological status, 24 & 30 & 42 mo followup, residents of retirement home, theoretical & ethical implications Sec. Head.: 3379 (HOSPITAL PROGRAMS & INSTITUTIONALIZATION) Y016011 94 63-00723 Life satisfaction and occupational retirement: Beyond the impact year. Bell, Bill D. U Nebraska, Gerontology Program, Omaha Int. Jrnl of Aging & Human Development, 1978-79 Vol 9 (1) 31-50 CODEN: IJADDT ISSN: 00914150 Jrnl Ann.: 6301 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Examines 3 theoretical perspectives relative to the prediction of life satisfaction following retirement. 10 hypotheses derived from crisis, continuity, and consistency theories were tested in 3 areas of role behavior--the family, voluntary associations, and the community--and were systematically examined with regard to the pre- and postretirement satisfaction scores of 114 male respondents (mean age 69 yrs). The data confirmed 1 of 4 crisis hypotheses. Specifically, Ss underwent a decline in satisfaction with retirement. Similarly, only 1 of 3 continuity hypotheses was partially confirmed. A positive association was obtained between satisfaction and orientational change in the voluntary association area. Contrary to the theory, however, Ss underwent a significant decline in satisfaction. Only one of the consistency hypotheses was substantiated. In general, expectational disconfirmations relative to retirement did not result in lowered satisfaction. (59 ref) Desc.: SATISFACTION; RETIREMENT; ROLES; EXPECTATIONS; HUMAN MALES Ident.: crisis & continuity & consistency frameworks, life satisfaction following retirement, males Sec. Head.: 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 95 62-12418 Retirement choice and retirement satisfaction. Kimmel, Douglas C.; Price, Karl F.; Walker, James W. City U New York, City Coll Jrnl of Gerontology, 1978 Jul Vol 33 (4) 575-585 CODEN: JOGEA3 ISSN: 00221?22 Jrnl Ann.: 6205 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Retirees from major corporations who reported that they retired voluntarily were compared with nonvoluntary retirees to determine the individual factors that led to a voluntary or nonvoluntary decision to retire and the impact of that voluntary/nonvoluntary decision on retirement attitudes and satisfaction. Seven firms provided mailing lists of recent retirees, and 1, 486 respondents completed questionnaires. Voluntary retirees tended to be persons with higher income, occupation, and health status, who had more positive feelings about retirement and more family support for their decision to retire, compared with nonvoluntary retirees. Voluntary retirees were significantly more likely to have positive attitudes and higher satisfaction in retirement than nonvoluntary retirees. Health status and preretirement feelings about retirement however, were more significant predictors of retirement attitudes and satisfaction than the voluntary/nonvoluntary decision. Implications of these findings are discussed for preretirement counseling and retirement policies. (4 ref) Desc.: RETIREMENT; PERSONNEL TERMINATION; ATTITUDES; SATISFACTION HEALTH; INCOME LEVEL; OCCUPATIONAL STATUS; CHOICE BEHAVIOR; FAMILY RELATIONS Ident.: income level & occupation & health status & family support, voluntary vs nonvoluntary retirement decision & attitudes & satisfaction, retirees Sec. Head.: 3600 (APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 96 62-11594 Issues and findings relating to multilevel accommodation for seniors. Gutman, Gloria M. U British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada Jrnl of Gerontology, 1978 Jul Vol 33 (4) 592-600 CODEN: JOGEA3 ISSN: 00221422 Jrnl Ann.: 6205 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Tenants in self-contained suites and board-residence in a building also offering personal care were interviewed pre- and post-move and were compared with (a) tenants in more traditional retirement housing offering only self-contained suites, (b) applicants who did not move in, and (c) elderly nonapplicants. Results show no evidence of differential decline, relative to controls, in the self-reported health status, level of interaction with family and friends, or activity level of those who moved to the multilevel facility. If anything, benefits accrued from the move in the form of higher morale and increased interaction with neighbors. Furthermore, more Ss in the multi-level tenant group than in any other group felt that they had more friends and that they were ""getting out'' and ""dressing up'' to a greater extent than when interviewed 18 mo earlier. These findings should help to allay the fears of those concerned that the well-elderly might find it depressing to be among those less competent and that the availability of on-site meals, housekeeping and nursing services, and recreation might foster dependency and/or disengagement from the broader community. (12 ref) Desc.: AGED; RESIDENTIAL CARE INSTITUTIONS; RETIREMENT; HEALTH; HOUSING; SOCIAL INTERACTION; MOTOR PROCESSES; FRIENDSHIP; MORALE; HEALTH CARE SERVICES Ident.: move to self contained suites & board-residence with personal cars vs traditional retirement housing, morale & health status & level of interaction with family & friends & activity level, elderly residents Sec. Head.: 3370 (HEALTH CARE SERVICES) Y016011 97 62-08647 Leavetaking: When and how to say goodbye. Feinberg, Mortimer R.; Feinberg, Gloria; Tarrant, John J. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster, 1978. 286 p. $9.95 Jrnl Ann.: 6204 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: BOOK Argues that leavetakings of adult life such as moving, job change, retirement, leaving home, divorce, children leaving home, and death can be viewed in terms of their potential for increased maturity and independence or as stress-producing crises that may lead to neurotic behavior. Ways to deal successfully with these leavetakings are explored. Desc.: STRESS; LIFE EXPERIENCES; CAREER CHANGE; RETIREMENT; DIVORCE ; DEATH AND DYING; BOOK; HUMAN MIGRATION Ident.: stress effects vs potential for growth, moving & job change & retirement & divorce & death, book Sec. Head.: 3100 (PERSONALITY) Y016011 98 62-03449 Social class and political involvement in age graded and non-age graded associations. Trela, James E. U Maryland, Baltimore County Int. Jrnl of Aging & Human Development, 1977-78 Vol 8 (4) 301-310 CODEN: IJADDT ISSN: 00914150 Jrnl Ann.: 6202 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Examined the relationship between social class and political involvement after retirement and attempted to determine whether this relationship is differentially mediated by participation in non-age-graded and age-graded associational contexts. Controlling for the age structure of association memberships, the relationships between social class and political activity and several measures of political interest were examined for 304 retired people. Strong and moderate relationships were found for Ss without memberships and those with non-age-graded memberships exclusively. No relationships were found for members of age-graded associations only. The absence of a relationship between social class and political involvement for those individuals who conbine their formal associational activity to age peers is explained by positing the existence of a generational community which insulates lower-class older people from class-related cross-pressures and distinctions which depress political involvement in other contexts. (22 ref) Desc.: AGED; RETIREMENT; SOCIAL CLASS; POLITICS; ORGANIZATIONS; POLITICAL ATTITUDES; INVOLVEMENT; GROUP PARTICIPATION; PEERS; AGE DIFFERENCES Ident.: participation in nonage- vs age-graded associations, social class & political involvement, retirees Sec. Head.: 2900 (SOCIAL PROCESSES AND SOCIAL ISSUES) Y016011 99 62-03448 A comparative factor analysis of attitudes toward societal relations of the elderly. Skoglund, John U Uppsala, Sweden Int. Jrnl of Aging & Human Development, 1977-78 Vol 8 (4) 277-291 CODEN: IJADDT ISSN: 00914150 Jrnl Ann.: 6202 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Explored the factorial dimensionality of 42 items designed to measure attitudes concerning old people, and to compare these factor structures in 2 groups. Respondents were divided into a younger group (370 participants aged 30-65) and an older group (337 participants aged 70 and 75). Factor analyses were run independently for each group, providing obliquely rotated factors. Six pairs of factors were judged to be congruent and sufficiently reliable: Work, Welfare, Social Work, Dwelling, Gatherings, and Administratorship. One postulated factor emerged in the older group alone and was named Housekeeping, the conceptual counterpart of which split into 2 conjugate factors in the younger group. Second-order factor analyses yielded 2 comparable sets of 3 second-order factors: Social Activities and Self-Care Ability, whereas the 3rd factor connected high welfare with age-segregated dwelling (and low welfare with age-integration). (27 ref) Desc.: ADULTS; FACTOR ANALYSIS; SOCIAL INTERACTION; AGED; AGED (ATTITUDES TOWARD); HOUSING; SELF CARE SKILLS; RETIREMENT; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR Ident.: factor analysis of attitudes toward societal relations of elderly, 30-65 vs 70 & 75 yr olds Sec. Head.: 2900 (SOCIAL PROCESSES AND SOCIAL ISSUES) Y016011 100 61-13245 Activities and satisfaction in elderly people. Dahl, Charles G. U Minnesota Diss. Abst. Int., 1978 Dec Vol 39 (6-B) 2959 Jrnl Ann.: 6106 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTS; NEED SATISFACTION; AGED; LEISURE TIME; RETIREMENT Ident.: activity environment & needs, satisfaction, retired persons Sec. Head.: 2910 (SOCIAL STRUCTURE & SOCIAL ROLES) Y016011 101 61-11496 New vistas in counseling series: IV. Counseling older persons: Careers, retirement, dying. Sinick, Daniel George Washington U Human Sciences Press, 1977. New York NY: 112 p. $6.95 Jrnl Ann.: 6105 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: BOOK Discusses the role of counseling in helping older persons deal with retirement, career changes, and death and dying. Motivations involved in and characteristics of persons making career changes are explored, along with methods of developing self-confidence, teaching new skills, overcoming employment obstacles, and coping with death and bereavement. Lists of periodicals of interest to older persons and organizations involved with the status and care of the elderly are included. (7 p ref) Desc.: COUNSELING; AGED; RETIREMENT; DEATH AND DYING; BOOK; CAREER CHANGE; OCCUPATIONAL GUIDANCE Ident.: career & retirement & death counseling, aged, book Sec. Head.: 3376 (COUNSELING & SOCIAL CASEWORK) Y016011 102 61-10967 Personality variables in the identification of retirement trauma. Bannon, Laurence W. Auburn U Diss. Abst. Int., 1978 May Vol 38 (11-B) 5555 Jrnl Ann.: 6105 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: RETIREMENT; EMOTIONAL TRAUMA; ADJUSTMENT; PERSONALITY TRAITS; AGED; GERIATRIC PATIENTS Ident.: demographic & situational & personality variables, retirement trauma & adjustment, retired Ss Sec. Head.: 3100 (PERSONALITY); 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 103 61-05784 Survival after early and normal retirement. Haynes, Suzanne G.; McMichael, Anthony J.; Tyroler, Herman A. National Heart, Lung, & Blood Inst, Bethesda, MD Jrnl of Gerontology, 1978 Mar Vol 33(2) 269-278 CODEN: JOGEA3 ISSN: 00221422 Jrnl Ann.: 6103 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Describes an epidemiological study of the patterns and correlates of survival after early (ages 62-?4 yrs) and normal retirement (age 65) among 3, 971 US rubber tire workers. For the 2 companies, death rates were significantly elevated during the 1st, 4th, and 5th yrs after early retirement. Comparisons of deaths (cases) within 5 yrs of retirement with survivors (controls) showed that preretirement health status was the only significant predictor of survival after early retirement. Among normal retirees, lower status workers were more likely to die within 3 yrs of retirement than higher status workers, who were more prominent among deaths 4-5 yrs after retirement. (28 ref) Desc.: DEATH AND DYING; RETIREMENT; BLUE COLLAR WORKERS Ident.: death rate after early vs normal retirement, retired rubber tire workers Sec. Head.: 2910 (SOCIAL STRUCTURE & SOCIAL ROLES) Y016011 104 61-02428 Creative leisure: A programmed pre-retirement decision-making manual. Hrinik, William D. U Michigan Diss. Abst. Int., 1977 Nov Vol 38 (5-A) 2557-2558 Jrnl Ann.: 6101 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: DECISION MAKING; LEISURE TIME; PROGRAMED TEXTBOOKS; MIDDLE AGED; RETIREMENT; EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS; HUMAN MALES Ident.: programed preretirement decision making manual, learning decision asking techniques & application to constructive leisure time activity, 50-60 yr old males Sec. Head.: 3620 (PERSONNEL SELECTION & TRAINING); 3300 (TREATMENT AND PREVENTION) Y016011 105 61-02410 A study of productivity in academic women social scientists. Perun, Pamela J. U Chicago Diss. Abst. Int., 1977 Nov Vol 38 (5-B) 2434 Jrnl Ann.: 6101 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: DISSERTATION Desc.: AGED; RETIREMENT; HUMAN FEMALES; OCCUPATIONAL STATUS; OCCUPATIONAL SUCCESS; COLLEGE TEACHERS; FAMILY BACKGROUND; EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND; FAMILY SOCIOECONOMIC LEVEL Ident.: early life factors & choice of retirement activity, productivity based upon career accomplishments, academic women social scientist born between 1893 & 1906 Sec. Head.: 3600 (APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 106 60-07543 Life style types and patterns of retirement of educators. Snow, Robert B.; Havighurst, Robert J. U Chicago Committee on Human Development Gerontologist, 1977 Dec Vol 17 (6) 545-552 Jrnl Ann.: 6004 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Conducted a questionnaire study of administrators in higher education (75 college and university presidents, 26 deans, and 9 leaders of national educational organizations) who were born from 1893 to 19?3. Analyses disclosed several different life style patterns for the ''retirement period'' from ages 65 to 75 yrs. Two contrasting patterns are described here--the transformers and the maintainers. These groups reported differences in their boyhood experiences, in their attitudes toward retirement, and in their choices of activity after age 65. (27 ref) Y016011 107 60-05733 Evaluation study of the exploratory visit: An innovative outreach activity of the ILGWU's Friendly Visiting Program. Wright, Holly; Bennett, Ruth; Simon, Robert; Weinberg, Gladys Int. Jrnl of Aging & Human Development, 1977-78 Vol 8 (1) 67-82 Jrnl Ann.: 6003 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Conducted a 10-mo evaluation of the exploratory visits to recent retirees that were used in the program described by M. A. Mulligan and the 2nd author (see PA, Vol 60: 00000), using data on 24 visited Ss and 49 nonvisited controls. Results show that need-identifying activities of visitors varied by type of service needed. A posttest-only control group effect study with 24 experimental and 35 control Ss indicated that exploratory visits were effective in establishing a link between the program and the retiree, but had no significant impact on the retiree's service needs. Desc.: RETIREMENT; HOME VISITING PROGRAMS; MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAM EVALUATION; AGED; NEEDS Ident.: evaluation of exploratory visits of friendly visiting program, identification of service needs, recent retirees Sec. Head.: 3373 (COMMUNITY SERVICES & MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAMS) Y016011 108 60-05311 Disparity in self: Significant other perceived role activity and its relation to adjustment among older people. Ramamurti, P. V. Sri Venkateswara University Coll, Tirupati, India Indian Jrnl of Applied Psychology, 1976 Jul Vol 13 (2) 91-94 Jrnl Ann.: 6003 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Retirement, possible reduced income or loss of spouse, and deteriorating physical and mental health in old age create changes in roles. There are also certain social expectations about the type and degree of role activity in old age. The present investigation studied the self-perception of roles and the perception of roles by a family member and by a neighbor. The discrepancies in role activity scores in self-perceptions and perceptions by others (ideal and actual) were related to problems of adjustment in 225 men between 55 and 75 yrs of age. Results indicate a significant correlation between the degree of discrepancy between ''self'' and ''other'' perceptions and problems of adjustment. Desc.: AGED; ROLE PERCEPTION; SELF PERCEPTION; ADJUSTMENT; MIDDLE AGED; ROLE EXPECTATIONS; SELF CONGRUENCE Ident.: discrepancy between self & other perceived role activities, problems of adjustment, 55-75 yr olds Sec. Head.: 3100 (PERSONALITY) Y016011 109 60-04200 Career counseling for adults: Why, when, where, how. Waters, Elinor; Goodman, Jane Oakland U, Continuum Ctr for Adult Counseling & Leadership Training Vocational Guidance Quarterly, 1977 Jun Vol 25 (4) 337-343 Jrnl Ann.: 6002 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Describes a career development program applicable to job changes, vocational reentry, or retirement. Clientele, primarily middle-class women, median age 38, focus on vocational reentry or job change. Sessions include large group activities, and small groups led by paraprofessionals, often former clients. The program emphasizes a reusable, cyclical career development approach; self-direction; and leisure, vocational, and educational preference evaluation. It includes Holland's Self-Directed Search combined with the Occupational Finder, retrospective learning, interview exploration of fields under consideration, and interview and assertiveness training. An atmosphere allowing adults to seek help and a systematic, homework-oriented counseling approach appear particularly crucial to program effectiveness. Desc.: OCCUPATIONAL GUIDANCE; CAREER CHANGE; RETIREMENT; ADULTS Ident.: career development program, job change & vocational reentry & retirement, adults Sec. Head.: 3610 (OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES & INTERESTS & GUIDANCE) Y016011 110 60-04196 Leisure and career development in mid-life: A rationale. McDaniels, Carl Virginia Polytechnic Inst & State U Vocational Guidance Quarterly, 1977 Jun Vol 25 (4) 344-350 Jrnl Ann.: 6002 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Discusses leisure and its interrelationships with work and career development at midlife. Defined as relatively self-determined activities and experiences available as a result of discretionary income, time, and social behavior, leisure together with work helps give meaning to life and is therefore crucial to career development. At midlife, leisure can provide mastery and self-fulfillment experiences not available elsewhere. Its judicious use can lead to expanded current job opportunities, a 2nd job, or more fulfilling leisure activities and preparation for retirement. Leisure use of increased volunteer, pastime, and adult educational opportunities offers many possibilities for personal/career exploration. (19 ref) Desc.: MIDDLE AGED; ADULT DEVELOPMENT; LEISURE TIME; RETIREMENT; OCCUPATIONAL INTERESTS; OCCUPATIONAL GUIDANCE Ident.: leisure & work & career development at mid-life Sec. Head.: 3610 (OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES & INTERESTS & GUIDANCE) Y016011 111 60-04192 Counseling for mid-life and beyond. Entine, Alan D. State U New York, Stony Brook Vocational Guidance Quarterly, 1977 Jun Vol 25 (4) 332-336 Jrnl Ann.: 6002 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Offers 2 models for effective mid-career and post-retirement counseling, incorporating both life-stage and social change issues. The mid-career model emphasizes personal and career counseling; the postretirement model stresses personal and activity counseling. A 4-quadrant matrix for each model illustrates causes of potential change along 2 dimensions: (a) internally- vs externally-based causes, and (b) anticipated vs unanticipated causes. The types of counseling processes most likely to be effective for individuals in each quadrant are discussed, and use of these models to facilitate exploration of responses that optimally meet adult counseling needs is suggested. Desc.: OCCUPATIONAL GUIDANCE; MIDDLE AGED; RETIREMENT; COUNSELING Ident.: models for effective mid-career & postretirement counseling Sec. Head.: 3610 (OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES & INTERESTS & GUIDANCE); 3376 (COUNSELING & SOCIAL CASEWORK) Y016011 112 60-01999 Considerations in counseling the retiring career officer for reemployment. Schlenoff, David VA Regional Office, Washington, DC Jrnl of Employment Counseling, 1977 Sep Vol 14 (3) 131-135 Jrnl Ann.: 6001 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Discusses the unique characteristics of retiring career officers, and specific problems encountered by counselors in assisting these individuals in their transition from the military to the civilian work environment. Career officers are viewed from the perspective of 1. Holland (1965) as possessing an uncritical acceptance of cultural values and attitudes and a great amount of self-control and overall conformity. This concern for orderliness and resulting lack of tolerance for ambiguity can result in high levels of anxiety in retiring officers who must suddenly choose a new course of vocational development. Suggestions for counseling such persons for reemployment include (a) refraining from fostering dependence on the part of the client, (b) advising against limitation of officers' options, (c) encouraging the client to follow up phone and mail communications with personal contacts, (d) advising against using his or her military title in the nonmilitary realm, and (e) supplying the client with a list of employment resources. Desc.: RETIREMENT; OCCUPATIONAL GUIDANCE; COMMISSIONED OFFICERS; CAREER CHANGE Ident.: unique characteristics of retiring military career officers & problems in & suggestions for counseling for civilian reemployment Sec. Head.: 3610 (OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES & INTERESTS & GUIDANCE) Y016011 113 59-07616 Social correlates of changes in cognitive traits and processes during aging. Kostolansky, Rudolf Slovenska Akademie Ved, Ustav A8terimentalnej psychologie, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia Psychologia a Patopsychologia Dietata, 1975 Vol 10 (6) 535-540 Jrnl Ann.: 5904 Language: Czech Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Argues that the decrease in cognitive functions with age may not be a purely biological phenomenon; environment may influence these functions. Modification by learning techniques, compensation by experience, and social and psychological activities may influence planning for retirement, teaching, and psychotherapy. Desc.: PHYSIOLOGICAL AGING; COGNITIVE PROCESSES; ENVIRONMENT; SOCIAL INFLUENCES Ident.: social correlates of changes in cognitive traits & processes during aging Sec. Head.: 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 114 58-11724 An investigation of the relationship between general fearfulness, locus of control, and social activity among retirees. Brodie, June N. New York U Diss. Abst. Int., 1976 Jun Vol 36 (12-B, Pt 1) 6071 Jrnl Ann.: 5806 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Desc.: FEAR; INTERNAL EXTERNAL LOCUS OF CONTROL; RETIREMENT; AGED; INTERPERSONAL INTERACTION Ident.: general fearfulness & locus of control, social activity, 64-96 yr old retirees Sec. Head.: 3100 (PERSONALITY) Y016011 115 58-09322 Relationships between multiple personal variables and retirees' participation in leisure activities. Delecki, Walter J. Arizona State U Diss. Abst. Int., 1976 Feb Vol 36 (8-A) 4897 Jrnl Ann.: 5805 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Desc.: AGE DIFFERENCES; HUMAN SEX DIFFERENCES; MARITAL STATUS; EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND; INCOME (ECONOMIC); LEISURE TIME; RECREATION; RETIREMENT Ident.: age & sex & marital status & education & income, leisure activities participation, retirees Sec. Head.: 2840 (PSYCHOSOCIAL & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT) Y016011 116 58-0789 The effectiveness of group counseling in alleviating depression among the aged. Tutaj, George A. George Washington U Diss. Abst. Int., 1975 Nov Vol 36 (5-A) 2653 Jrnl Ann.: 5804 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Desc.: GROUP COUNSELING; DEPRESSION (EMOTION); AGED; NURSING HOMES AGE DIFFERENCES; EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND; HEALTH; MARITAL STATUS Ident.: group counseling & age & education & health & marital status, depression, aged from nursing & retirement homes Sec. Head.: 3313 (GROUP & FAMILY THERAPY) Y016011 117 58-05107 Environmental events predicting death for the elderly. Rowland, Kay F U California Neuropsychiatric Inst, Los Angeles Psychological Bulletin, 1977 Mar Vol 84 (2) 349-372 Jrnl Ann.: 5803 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Stressful environmental events have frequently been linked to declines in health or the subsequent death of an individual. In this paper, research evidence is reviewed that suggests that death of a significant other, relocation, and retirement may predict death for elderly people. Relocation and death of a significant other, but not retirement, are found to be fairly accurate in predicting death, especially under certain circumstances. The 3 events are conceptualized in terms of crisis theory, reinforcement, and learned helplessness models, and several implications for intervention are discussed. (73 ref) Desc.: DEATH AND DYING; HUMAN MIGRATION; RETIREMENT; AGED; PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS; STRESS REACTIONS; EXPERIENCES (EVENTS); PREDICTION Ident.: death of significant other & relocation & retirement, prediction of death for elderly Sec. Head.: 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 118 58-04582 Attrition in a longitudinal study of an aged population. Wilson, Albert J.; Webber, Irving L. California State U, Chico Experimental Aging Research, 1976 Sep Vol 2 (5) 367-387 Jrnl Ann.: 5803 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. 2, 544 persons over age 65 living in a Florida retirement community were surveyed in 1959. In 1968, about one-third of the sample could not be located, death certificates were located for another one-third, and the remaining one-third were reinterviewed. Ss reinterviewed were found to differ from dropouts in age, sex, type of dwelling, activity patterns, and prevalence of chronic conditions. Desc.: LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; DROPOUTS; AGED; DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS Ident.: characteristics, aged reinterviewed vs lost-to-followup vs dropouts of longitudinal study Sec. Head.: 2160 (RESEARCH METHODS & APPARATUS & COMPUTER APPLICATIONS) Y016011 119 58-01012 Human sexuality and aging. Long, Irene Bel Air Convalescent Ctr, Milwaukee, WI Social Casework, 1976 Apr Vol 57 (4) 237-244 Jrnl Ann.: 5801 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Explores the factors that influence sexual relationships of the elderly in our youth-oriented society, in which many people believe that sex is unneeded and inappropriate for this age group. The aged retain the physical ability for sexual intercourse and the emotional need for intimacy. Both sexes may be hampered by fear of rejection, lack of self-confidence, and lack of knowledge of normal changes in sexual responses and ways to adapt to them. Role transitions, including the ''empty nest syndrome'' and retirement, can have adverse effects on sexual activity if self-esteem and identity are threatened. Professionals should be educated to counsel the elderly and to help re-educate society concerning their legitimate emotional needs. Desc.: PHYSIOLOGICAL AGING; PSYCHOSEXUAL BEHAVIOR; AGED; COUNSELING Ident.: factors influencing sexual relationships, elderly, implications for counseling Sec. Head.: 2970 (PSYCHOSEXUAL BEHAVIOR & SEX ROLES) Y016011 120 58-00934 Status attainment and status maintenance: A study of stratification in old age. Henretta, John C.; Campbell, Richard T. U Florida American Sociological Review, 1976 Dec Vol 41 (6) 981-992 Jrnl Ann.: 5801 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Studied the effect of aging on the relation of status variables to income through a comparison of status attainment models for a male cohort before and after most of its members retired. Data for the earlier period are from the 1962 Occupational Changes in a Generation Survey and, for the later period, are from the combined 1973, 1974, and 1975 National Opinion Research Center General Social Survey. Analysis showed little change in the pattern of effects. Within the restricted age range, age had trivial effects while education, occupation and marital status had direct effects on income. Overall, the analysis suggested a great deal of continuity in the determinants of income. Despite the potentially disruptive effects of changes, the relation of status variables to income remained almost untouched in old age. Desc.: PHYSIOLOGICAL AGING; HUMAN MALES; OCCUPATIONS; INCOME LEVEL ; RETIREMENT; EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND; MARITAL STATUS Ident.: aging & education & occupation & marital status, income maintenance, male cohort before & after retirement Sec. Head.: 2910 (SOCIAL STRUCTURE & SOCIAL ROLES) Y016011 121 57-11602 The meaning of retirement. Atchley, Robert C. Miami U, OH Jrnl of Communication, 1974 Aut Vol 24 (4) 97-100 Jrnl Ann.: 5705 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Investigated meanings associated with the concept of retirement in the US. Mail questionnaires were sent to 557 retired workers and current employees of an insurance company. A 4-factor solution was found to best describe the responses on the meaning of retirement. These factors were labeled: Activity, Emotional Evaluation, Moral Evaluation, and Physical Potency. Desc.: RETIREMENT; BUSINESS AND INDUSTRIAL PERSONNEL; MEANING Ident.: meanings associated with concept of retirement, retired & current employees of insurance company Sec. Head.: 3610 (OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES & INTERESTS & GUIDANCE) Y016011 122 57-07013 Expectancy theory prediction of the preference to remain employed or to retire. Eran, Mordechai; Jacobson, Dan Bar-Ilan U, Ramat Gan, Israel Jrnl of Gerontology, 1976 Sep Vol 31 (5) 605-610 Jrnl Ann.: 5703 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Used V. H. Vroom's (1964) expectancy theory model to predict older workers' choices between continued employment or immediate retirement. It was hypothesised that a person's preference for 1 of the 2 alternatives would be a function of the differences between the instrumentality of employment and the instrumentality of retirement for the attainment of outcomes, multiplied by the valence of each outcome, summed over outcomes. To test this, 290 57-64 yr old Israeli male workers were interviewed. Measures included preference for employment or retirement, valences of 35 outcomes, and perceived instrumentalities of employment and retirement. Results support the hypothesis. It is suggested that further research along these lines could equip organizations with a tool for assisting older employees in the transition to retirement or for encouraging those who are still capable of making a significant contribution to remain employed. Desc.: ISRAEL; MODELS; EXPECTATIONS; PREFERENCES; RETIREMENT; MIDDLE AGED; AGED; OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES Ident.: expectancy theory model, prediction of preference to remain employed or retire, 57-64 yr old male workers, Israel Sec. Head.: 3610 (OCCUPATIONAL ATTITUDES & INTERESTS & GUIDANCE) Y016011 123 57-05922 Patterns of leisure and adjustment to retirement. Peppers, Larry G. Clemson U Gerontologist, 1976 Oct Vol 16 (5) 441-446 Jrnl Ann.: 5703 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Studied 206 retired men (median age, 68.8 yrs), most of whom had been owners, managers, or partners in small businesses or farm ventures or lower-level government officials. Even though a wide range of activities (57) was observed, isolate activities were the most prevalent. Eight of the 1st 10 most popular endeavors were isolate-type: watching TV, doing odd jobs at home, reading, sitting and thinking, fishing, walking, gardening, and traveling (alone). Life satisfaction appeared to be influenced by activity type, number of activities, and participation-enjoyment congruence. Supportive of the continuity approach to aging, results have implications for both preretirement counseling and institutional activity programs. (20 ref) Desc.: LEISURE TIME; INTERPERSONAL INTERACTION; RETIREMENT; HUMAN MALES; EMOTIONAL ADJUSTMENT Ident.: leisure activities patterns, adjustment to retirement, retired males Sec. Head.: 3100 (PERSONALITY) Y016011 124 57-05588 Old-age emotions. Denes, Zsuzsanna National Inst for Medical Experts, Orszagos Orvosszakertoi Intezet, Budapest, Hungary Jrnl of the American Geriatrics Society, 1976 Oct Vol 24 (10) 465-467 Jrnl Ann.: 5703 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Studied 100 60-94 yr old community residents with respect to the state of their emotions. The chief factors leading to emotional sterility were loneliness, retirement, and decline in sensory and locomotory functions. Among the Ss, 60 were optimists and 40 were pessimists; most of the pessimists were lonely people. Suggestions are made for combating emotional ''emptiness'' before it leads to catastrophic mental impairment. Involvement in community leisure and work activities is recommended. Desc.: AGED; EMOTIONAL STATES; OPTIMISM; PESSIMISM Ident.: emotional states including optimism & pessimism, 60-94 yr old community residents Sec. Head.: 2840 (PSYCHOSOCIAL & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT) Y016011 125 57-04800 Predicting the dimensions of life satisfaction. Knapp, Martin R. U Kent, Canterbury, England Jrnl of Gerontology, 1976 Sep Vol 31 (5) 595-604 Jrnl Ann.: 5703 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Conducted a study with 51 62-86 yr old persons resident in their own homes in a coastal resort in England. Taking multidimensional life satisfaction as the basic premise, 4-equation multiple regression model was constructed for its prediction. The set of regressors included some conventional biographical characteristics, a number of activity variables, and 3 indicators of retirement experience. A stepwise regression estimation method was adopted. The pattern of regressor influence varied greatly between equations, providing fairly specific evidence on a number of previously espoused hypotheses. In particular, the Activity perspective on aging was important in the prediction of over-all affect or mood tone but of little relevance for the other dimensions of life satisfaction, and a modicum of support for the Disengagement perspective was observed. (43 ref) Desc.: AGED; PREDICTION; MATHEMATICAL MODELING; SATISFACTION Ident.: multiple regression model, prediction of life satisfaction, 62-86 yr olds Sec. Head.: 2240 (STATISTICS & MATHEMATICS) Y016011 126 57-04568 The design and analysis of an expectancy theory model for predicting early retirement. Parker, Donald F. Cornell U Diss. Abst. Int., 1975 Jan Vol 35 (7-B) 3636 Jrnl Ann.: 5702 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Desc.: MATHEMATICAL MODELING; PREDICTIVE VALIDITY; RETIREMENT; NAVY PERSONNEL; EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION Ident.: expectancy theory motivation model design & analysis, prediction of early retirement, navy officers Sec. Head.: 3650 (ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR & JOB SATISFACTION) Y016011 127 57-02096 The work-satisfaction, retirement-attitude typology: Profile examination. Goudy, Willis J.; Powers, Edward A.; Keith, Patricia Iowa State U Experimental Aging Research, 1975 Nov Vol 1 (2) 267-269 Jrnl Ann.: 5701 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. A new typology of work satisfaction and attitude toward retirement including 4 categories (Type A--positive attitudes toward work and retirement; Type B--work positive, retirement negative; Type C--work negative, retirement positive; and Type D--negative attitudes toward work and retirement) was developed and applied to questionnaire data collected in 1964 from 1, 922 males over 50 yrs of age who were either self-employed professionals, salaried professionals, owner-merchants, factory workers, or farmers. Some follow-up data from 1966 and 1974 are also reported. Overall findings suggest that members of some types will be more susceptible to negative consequences of cycle change (work to retirement) than others. Socioeconomic status, age, social participation, health, community, housing, family, work, morale, and longevity data indicate preretirement planning approaches should be developed for those having different work-retirement attitudes. Desc.: JOB SATISFACTION; RETIREMENT; EMPLOYEE ATTITUDES; ADULTS; AGE; BUSINESS AND INDUSTRIAL PERSONNEL; WHITE COLLAR WORKERS; AGRICULTURAL WORKERS; PERSONNEL; HUMAN MALES Ident.: typology of work satisfaction & attitudes toward retirement, analysis of current attitudinal states & prediction of difficulty in retirement transition & suggestions for program areas for retirement facilitation, male self employed vs salaried professionals vs owner-merchants vs factory workers vs farmers over 50 yrs of age Sec. Head.: 3650 (ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR & JOB SATISFACTION) Y016011 128 56-10598 A longitudinal comparison of attitudes and activity involvement of persons who have completed a pre-retirement planning program. Bowman, Donald L. Iowa State U Diss. Abst. Int., 1974 Nov Vol 35 (5-A) 2623 Jrnl Ann.: 5606 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Desc.: LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; RETIREMENT; ATTITUDES; ADULT EDUCATION Ident.: pre- vs post retirement planning program, attitudes toward retirement & activity involvement, longitudinal study Sec. Head.: 3530 (CURRICULUM PROGRAMS & TEACHING METHODS) Y016011 129 56-09745 Selected aspects of retirement as envisioned by groups of adult males partitioned according to age, ethnic background, educational achievement, and income. Bielefeld, Alvin U. U Tulsa Diss. Abst. Int., 1974 Nov Vol 35 (5-A) 2622 Jrnl Ann.: 5606 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Desc.: AGE DIFFERENCES; HUMAN MALES; INCOME LEVEL; RETIREMENT; EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND; ETHNIC GROUPS Ident.: age & ethnic background & educational achievement & income, expectations for retirement, male heads of households Sec. Head.: 2910 (SOCIAL STRUCTURE & SOCIAL ROLES) Y016011 130 56-08641 Retired academics and research activity. Rowe, Alan R. Florida Atlantic U Jrnl of Gerontology, 1976 Jul Vol 31 (4) 456-461 Jrnl Ann.: 5605 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Data collected from 207 academics who retired from state and small private colleges and ivy league and large state universities indicate that to varying degrees they continue to engage in professional activities after retirement. Academics who are high on professional visibility appear to be especially likely to continue to engage in research and/or writing. The importance of psychological centrality of preretirement work to postretirement activity is suggested. (27 ref) Desc.: COLLEGE TEACHERS; RETIREMENT; EXPERIMENTATION; SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION Ident.: research & writing activity, academics retired from colleges & universities Sec. Head.: 3510 (EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION & PERSONNEL & TRAINING) Y016011 131 56-08523 Effects of control and predictability on the physical and psychological well-being of the institutionalized aged. Schulz, Richard Carnegie-Mellon U Jrnl of Personality & Social Psychology, 1976 May Vol 33 (5) 563-573 Jrnl Ann.: 5605 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Hypothesized that some of the characteristics frequently observed among the aged (e.g., feelings of depression and helplessness and accelerated physical decline) are at least in part attributable to loss of Control. A field experiment in which 42 67-96 yr old Ss in a private retirement home were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 conditions was carried out to assess the effects of increased control and predictability upon physical and psychological well-being. Ss in 3 of the 4 conditions were visited by college undergraduates under varying contingencies, while persons in the 4th condition were not visited and served as a baseline comparison group. Ss in the control condition could determine both the frequency and duration of visits they received. A 2nd group of Ss (predict) was informed when they would be visited and how long the visitor would stay, but had no control over these details. A 3rd group (random) was visited on a random schedule. Results show that the predict and control groups were consistently and significantly superior on indicators of physical and psychological status, as well as activity level. (22 ref) Desc.: AGE; INSTITUTION VISITATION; GERIATRIC PATIENTS; EMOTIONAL ADJUSTMENT; PHYSIOLOGICAL AGING; MENTAL HEALTH; HEALTH Ident.: control over vs predictability of visits received, physical & psychological well-being, institutionalized 67-96 yr olds Sec. Head.: 3379 (HOSPITAL PROGRAMS & INSTITUTIONALIZATION) Y016011 132 56-08015 A psychology experiment: Training laboratory for retirement. Fisher, Donald L. United States Int. U Diss. Abst. Int., 1974 Aug Vol 35 (2-B) 1017 Jrnl Ann.: 5605 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Desc.: AGED; RETIREMENT; PERSONALITY PROCESSES; SELF ACTUALIZATION ; SELF ESTEEM; EDUCATION Ident.: preretirement training laboratory, life styles & self actualization & self esteem, aged retired persons experiencing different degrees of success Sec. Head.: 3100 (PERSONALITY) Y016011 133 56-01217 Situational constraint as a moderator of the locus of control-adjustment relationship. Wolk, Stephen U Maryland, Coll of Education Jrnl of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 1976 Jun Vol 44 (3) 420-427 Jrnl Ann.: 5601 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Posited that the degree of specific constraint imposed by an environment mediates the relationship between locus of control and adjustive behaviors and attitudes. Indices of developmental adjustment, the Life Satisfaction Index, the Self-Acceptance Scale, and activity level were used to assess 2 groups of elderly individuals along with a generalized measure of locus of control. 96 Ss (median age, 74 yrs) lived in a retirement village where residents met their own basic needs; 70 Ss resided in a retirement home where basic needs were met by the staff. It was found that (a) the level of internal control across Ss related to the nature of the setting in which Ss were residing; (b) Ss in the low-constraining environment believed in internal control similar to college-age samples, whereas those in the high-constraining setting believed much more strongly in external control; (c) expectancy for internal control correlated with developmental adjustment, satisfaction, positive self-concept, and maintenance of activity only in the low-constraining setting. (26 ref) Desc.: INTERNAL EXTERNAL LOCUS OF CONTROL; HOME ENVIRONMENT; ADJUSTMENT; AGED; RESIDENTIAL CARE INSTITUTIONS; RETIREMENT Ident.: specific constraint of retirement home, locus of control & adjustive behaviors & attitudes, elderly in retirement villages Sec. Head.: 3379 (HOSPITAL PROGRAMS & INSTITUTIONALIZATION) Y016011 134 56-00536 Aging in the ghetto: Themes expressed by older Black men and women living in a northern industrial city. Morse, Dean W. Columbia U, Conservation of Human Resources Project Industrial Gerontology, 1976 Win Vol 3 (1) 1-10 Jrnl Ann.: 5601 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Approximately 100 older Black Americans participated in an ''oral history'' project to record their experiences, thoughts, and feelings from their early days up to the recent past. A sense of worth was closely related to the meaning of work and activity in the minds of older Blacks. But work was not pleasurable; it was a necessary cross to bear. Retirement meant being confined to the urban environment. For those covered by Social Security, the monthly check was the difference between a life of dependence and one of independence. Desc.: GHETTOES; NEGROES; LIFE EXPERIENCES; PHYSIOLOGICAL AGING; AGED; ATTITUDES; RETIREMENT Ident.: experiences & thoughts & feelings, aging in ghetto, older blacks living in northern industrial city Sec. Head.: 2840 (PSYCHOSOCIAL & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT) Y016011 135 55-12076 Determinants of a positive attitude toward retirement. Glamser, Francis D. Middle Tennessee State U Jrnl of Gerontology, 1976 Jan Vol 31 (1) 104-107 Jrnl Ann.: 5506 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Investigated the possibility that attitude toward retirement is better understood as resulting from the worker's realistic appraisal of the type of retirement experience which he can expect than as part of a general value orientation stressing the worker role. Questionnaire data from 70 male industrial workers age 60 and over indicate that workers who can expect a positive retirement experience in terms of finances, friends, social activity, and level of preparedness are likely to have a positive attitude toward retirement. No relationship was found between commitment to work and attitude toward retirement. Desc.: RETIREMENT; AGED; ATTITUDES; BUSINESS AND INDUSTRIAL PERSONNEL Ident.: realistic appraisal of type of retirement experience expected, attitude toward retirement, male industrial workers aged 60 yrs & over Sec. Head.: 2910 (SOCIAL STRUCTURE & SOCIAL ROLES) Y016011 136 55-11910 Psychological and social correlates of life satisfaction as function of residential constraint. Wolk, Stephen; Telleen, Sharon U Maryland, Inst for Child Study Jrnl of Gerontology, 1976 Jan Vol 31 (1) 89-98 Jrnl Ann.: 5506 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Addressed 2 questions: Do residential settings of varying levels of constraint influence life satisfaction. Do such settings involve different correlates of life satisfaction 51 residents of a Lutheran retirement home where a rigid daily schedule was kept and 78 residents of a retirement village where no specific rules prevailed were surveyed on the following measures: life satisfaction, developmental task resolution, self-acceptance, perceived autonomy, activity level, health, and educational level. Stepwise regression, covariance, and t-test analyses indicated that life satisfaction and developmental task accomplishment were greater in the lower constraining setting; the selected correlates resulted in multiple correlations of .675 and .590 with satisfaction; differing sets of correlates significantly predicted satisfaction in each setting, health the most important in the high constraining setting and perceived autonomy and self-concept important to the low constraining setting; developmental task success significantly predicted satisfaction in both settings. (21 ref) Desc.: RETIREMENT; HOUSING; SATISFACTION; HEALTH; SELF CONCEPT Ident.: residential constraint, psychological & social correlates of life satisfaction, residents of retirement home vs retirement village Sec. Head.: 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 137 55-04608 Personality as a factor in reported post-retirement anxiety among professionals. Fehrenbach, Paul K. Duke U Diss. Abst. Int., 1973 Aug Vol 34 (2-B) 873 Jrnl Ann.: 5503 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Desc.: ANXIETY; RETIREMENT; PERSONALITY CORRELATES; WHITE COLLAR WORKERS; AUTHORITARIANISM; AFFILIATION MOTIVATION Ident.: dominant & affiliative personality characteristics, anxiety after retirement, white collar & professional workers Sec. Head.: 3100 (PERSONALITY) Y016011 138 55-02238 The limitations of crisis theory as an explanatory mechanism in social gerontology. Bell, Bill D. U Nebraska, Omaha Int. Jrnl of Aging & Human Development, 1975 Vol 6 (2) 153-168 Jrnl Ann.: 5502 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Examined 5 specific assumptions of crisis theory as this orientation relates to the predictions of life satisfaction following retirement. Pre- and postretirement interviews were conducted with a group of 114 53-72 yr old males residing in an urban area. Data reveal a significant decline in life satisfaction, as predicted. Contrary to the theory, no significant changes in role behavior in 3 related areas--family, voluntary associations, and community--were found subsequent to retirement. Role changes accompanying retirement were not significantly associated with negative or positive changes in satisfaction. The correlation between work commitment and the desire for subsequent employment was negative and significant. In sum, 4 of the 5 assumptions of the crisis theory do no receive support on the basis of the data. (44 ref) Desc.: MIDDLE AGED; AGED; CRISES; RETIREMENT; SATISFACTION; HUMAN MALES; ROLES; LIFE EXPERIENCES Ident.: assumptions of crisis theory, prediction of life satisfaction & role changes following retirement, 53-72 yr old males Sec. Head.: 2910 (SOCIAL STRUCTURE & SOCIAL ROLES); 3100 (PERSONALITY) Y016011 139 54-00960 The future and the young-old. Neugarten, Bernice L. U Chicago, Committee on Human Development Gerontologist, 1975 Feb Vol 15 (1, Pt 2) 4-9 Jrnl Ann.: 5401 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Presents projections for the year 2000 regarding size of population, the timing of retirement, and family structure. The appearance of a new age group, the young-old, and its potential contribution to the future society are described. Desc.: DEVELOPMENTAL AGE GROUPS; FAMILY STRUCTURE; DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS; POPULATION; RETIREMENT; PREDICTION Ident.: new age-group appearance & population size & retirement timing & family structure, projections for year 2000 Sec. Head.: 2900 (SOCIAL PROCESSES AND SOCIAL ISSUES) Y016011 140 53-11470 Differentiated approaches to new arrivals at homes for the elderly. Strnad, M. Oddeleni ?etodiky Spravy socialnich sluzeb NVP, Prague, Czechoslovakia Ceskoslovenska Psychiatrie, 1973 Jun Vol 69 (3) 195-198 Jrnl Ann.: 5306 Lang.: Czech Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Discusses 5 kinds of adjustment problems encountered by newcomers to homes for retired elderly people. The problems concern (a) lowering of living standard, (b) loss of own household and the related independence and freedom of action, (c) loss of mobility due to somatic illness, (d) recent loss of wife or husband, and (e) feelings of being deserted by their families. Better utilization of social workers for support and therapy, and extramural activities for the elderly people are recommended. (Russian & English summaries) Desc.: RETIREMENT; AGED; PSYCHOSOCIAL READJUSTMENT; NURSING HOMES Ident.: adjustment problems, newcomers to retirement homes, elderly Sec. Head.: 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY); 3300 (TREATMENT AND PREVENTION) Y016011 141 53-09318 Older people: Recreology's greatest challeng Douse, Len Jrnl of Leisurability, 1974 Oct Vol 1 (4) 18-24 Jrnl Ann.: 5305 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Stresses the life-long nature of the learning process and the need to continue this process into old age. Preretirement education which teaches people to deal effectively with their changed circumstances is suggested, and it is noted that many older people are capable of learning new physical and mental skills. Desc.: AGED; EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS; RETIREMENT; SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT; LEISURE TIME; RECREATION Ident.: preretirement education, learning & adjustment, aged Sec. Head.: 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 142 53-05018 Mutuality and retirement community success: An interactionist perspective in gerontological research. Sheley, Joseph F. U Massachusetts, Amherst Int. Jrnl of Aging & Human Development, 1974 Win Vol 5 (1) 71-80 Jrnl Ann.: 5303 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Interviews with 40 male residents of a retirement community indicate that satisfaction with life in such a community is tied to the mutuality of background, life style, and interests operating within the community. Desc.: AGED; RETIREMENT; PERSONALITY PROCESSES; COMMUNITIES Ident.: mutuality of background & life style & interests within community, satisfaction with life in retirement community, male residents Sec. Head.: 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 143 52-09907 Self-actualization and adjustment in retirement: Implications for program development. Keahey, Scott P.; Soaman, Don F. Veterans Administration Hosp., Waco, Tex. Adult Education, 1974 Vol. 24 (3) 220-226 Jrnl Ann.: 5205 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Determined the extent of self-actualization of 261 male and female retirees in 6 stratified social groups reflecting rural, urban, minority, and veteran backgrounds. Measurements were made using the Personal Orientation Inventory and the Retirement Descriptive Index. A partial canonical correlation and chi square were utilized to treat the data. A positive relationship significant at the .05 level, was found on the 2 combined roots for all scales on the Retirement Descriptive Index and on all but 1 scale of the Personal Orientation Inventory. It is concluded that self-actualizing concepts are definitely involved with successful adjustment to retirement. (18 ref) Desc.: SELF ACTUALIZATION; RETIREMENT; SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT; EMOTIONAL ADJUSTMENT Ident.: self-actualization & adjustment to retirement, retirees Sec. Head.: 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 144 52-08819 Retirement satisfaction among emeritus professors. Kratcoski, Peter; Huber, James H.; Gavlak, Ruth Kent State U. Industrial Gerontology, 1984 Win N.S. Vol. 1 (1) 78-81 Jrnl Ann.: 5204 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Considers that it is usual in Western culture for retirement from industrial and clerical jobs to entail sudden and complete disengagement. However, a retiree from the teaching profession-the professor emeritus-may disengage gradually. 146 retired professors of a large state university were asked to furnish data on their satisfaction with their status. Death, illness, and disinclination reduced usable responses to 93, the majority of whom were satisfied with their situation; 5% were dissatisfied. Positive factors listed were continued professional contacts and continued work activities. Outside interests such as hobbies and community activities were also listed. Desc.: RETIREMENT; SATISFACTION; COLLEGE TEACHERS Ident.: retirement satisfaction, retired college professors Sec. Head.: 3600 (APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 145 52-08758 Planning for retirement and anticipatory attitudes towards withdrawal from work. Jacobson, D. Tel-Aviv U., Israel British Jrnl of Guidance & Counselling, 1974 Jan Vol. 2 (1) 72-83 Jrnl Ann.: 5204 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Reviews inferences from previous studies on the sociopsychological meaning of the transition from work to retirement. Data are reported on the nature and scope of preretirement planning in a sample of 215 older male and female industrial workers. Particular reference is made to the extent to which planning of leisure activities is related to the worker's attitudes toward retirement, and several intervening variables affecting this relationship are examined. Finally, some theoretical and practical implications for preretirement counseling and training are discussed. It is suggested that preretirement counseling schemes may not be able to compensate for failure to develop life-long habits of using free time constructively or for inadequate financial provision for retirement. (22 ref) Desc.: OCCUPATIONAL GUIDANCE; RETIREMENT; LEISURE TIME; EXPECTATIONS Ident.: preretirement counseling, anticapatory attitudes toward withdrawal from work & use of leisure time, older male & female industrial workers Sec. Head.: 3600 (APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 146 52-07381 Leisure activities in retirement housing. Sherman, Susan R. New York State Dept. of Mental Hygiene, Mental Health Research Unit, Albany Jrnl of Gerontology, 1974 May Vol. 29 (3) 325-335 Jrnl Ann.: 5204 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Studied 2 common assertions about leisure activities in retirement housing: (a) residence in special retirement housing for the elderly will result in more leisure activities than will residence in conventional dispersed housing, and (b) greater participation in leisure activities is associated with a more favorable outlook on life. 2 waves of interviews were conducted with 100 residents at each of 6 retirement housing sites-retirement hotel, 3 retirement villages, apartment tower, and life-care home. Results were compared with interviews obtained from 600 matched controls living in dispersed housing. Data show that in terms of checklist activities, clubs, and general social life, residence in 2 and in some instances 4 of the retirement housing settings was associated with more leisure activities than was residence in dispersed housing. Outlook on life in turn was associated only moderately with level of activities. (42 ref) Desc.: PLEASURE; RECREATION; AGED; RETIREMENT; LEISURE TIME; HOUSING Ident.: residence in special retirement vs conventional dispersed housing & favorability of outlook on life, leisure activities Sec. Head.: 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 147 52-06142 Learning to be retired: Socialization into a French retirement residence. Ross, Jennie K. Swarthmore Coll. Jrnl of Gerontology, 1974 Mar Vol. 29 (2) 211-223 Jrnl Ann.: 5203 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Studied the socialization of 30 new arrivals into a retirement residence for French construction workers during a year of participant observation, analyzing it as a case of adult socialization. The recognition of a new arrival's political identity by other residents and the salience of this identity to him predicted his acquisition of 1 of 3 patterns of participation in the community: organized activity as well as informal contacts, informal contacts only, or social isolation. Initial stages of socialization were characterized by translation of basic orientations into new behaviors. In later stages of participation in the new context, the basic orientations began to change. The demands of a new situation seemed most likely to promote these changes for individuals whose immediate past offered relatively fewer chances for satisfactory social participation. (15 ref) Desc.: FRANCE; PSYCHOSOCIAL RESOCIALIZATION; RETIREMENT Ident.: socialization into French retirement residence, construction workers Sec. Head.: 3300 (TREATMENT AND PREVENTION) Y016011 148 52-02752 Life adjustment of retired couples. Dressler, David M. New Britain General Hosp., Conn. Int. Jrnl of Aging & Human Development, 1973 Fal Vol. 4 (4) 335-349 Jrnl Ann.: 5202 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Studied the marital relationship and retirement experiences of a community resident sample of retired couples from working class backgrounds. Data were obtained from a structured clinical interview conducted in the respondents' homes. Although showing evidence of social disengagement, these couples maintained a meaningful intramarital relationship and were generally satisfied with their current life situation. Findings suggest that continuity of life patterns is an important determinant of successful adjustment to retirement. Criteria for the determination of good adjustment need to consider distinguishing characteristics of different population subgroups. (32 ref) Desc.: SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT; MARITAL RELATIONS; RETIREMENT Ident.: life adjustment & marital relationships, retired couples from working class background Sec. Head.: 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 149 52-01575 The adjustment of aged users of leisure programs. Goodman, Mortimer; Bley, Nina; Dye, David Jewish Community Centers Assn., St. Louis, Mo. American Jrnl of Orthopsychiatry, 1974 Jan Vol. 44 (1) 142-149 Jrnl Ann.: 5201 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Describes a program of leisure activities in a senior citizens center and its effects on participants. 103 new applicants (mean age = 70 yrs) were interviewed over a 10-mo period to collect data on demographic, psychological, and social variables, role changes, and adjustment level; 92 completed a follow-up interview 1 yr later. Changes in adjustment, as measured by Lawton's Morale Scale and Havighurst's Life Satisfaction Index 1 yr after membership, were not significant; the applicability of these measures to a study of postretirement adjustment is questioned. Patterns of participation, especially in volunteer groups, were highly consistent with pre-retirement organizational affiliations and previous activities. Women reported more satisfaction for volunteer programs and socialization in general than men; however, there was a greater consistency between men's program expectations and derived satisfaction. The need for continued awareness of individual client characteristics is emphasized, particularly with regard to pre-retirement life-styles. Desc.: AGED; LEISURE TIME; RECREATION; SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT; MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAMS Ident.: leisure activity programs, adjustment of participants, new applicants in senior citizens center Sec. Head.: 3300 (TREATMENT AND PREVENTION) Y016011 150 52-00302 Affective and diencephalic sources of the elan vital. Dieuzeide, P. Annales Medico-Psychologiques, 1973 Jun Vol. 2 (1) 55-80 Jrnl Ann.: 5201 Language: French Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Develops the theme that affectivity serves as the pacemaker of mental life, driven by the continuing ebb and flow of emotive adjustments made to the outside world. When the channeling of emotional responsiveness is manageable by the intelligence, and can be guided toward a constructive goal, this ceaseless ebb and flow lends a sense of aliveness and well-being that is necessary for the maintenance of both physical and mental equilibrium. A sharp reduction of accustomed and meaningful organismic activity (e.g., at retirement) or a flooding of sudden emotive impulses uncontainable by the intelligence (e.g. abrupt loss of a loved object) both reflect the faulty operation of a dynamic system reaching outside its normal limits. The diencephalon is the brain region most concerned with the functioning of the basic life systems in both a physiologic sense (e.g., regulating respiration and body temperature) and in the psychologic sense since its activities are intimately related to the satisfactions derived from discharge of all basic life-instincts. Clinical and experimental examples of malfunction of the thalamus, hypothalamus, and anatomically related structures are cited to support the view that diencephalic brain physiology is directly associated with all forms of affective response, and that an awareness of its functional efficacy lies close to what is variously termed a sense of well-being, psychosomatic balance, and mental health. Desc.: EMOTIONS; NEUROANATOMY; DIENCEPHALON; MENTAL HEALTH Ident.: affective & diencephalic sources, vital life force Sec. Head.: 2500 (PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 151 51-10064 Fatigue-producing factors in industrial work and pre-retirement attitudes. Jacobson, D. Tel-Avi U., Israel Occupational Psychology, 1972 Vol. 46 (4) 193-200 Jrnl Ann.: 5105 Lang.: ENG. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Used data from work studies and interviews of 145 male, semiskilled factor workers to test hypotheses which relate preretirement attitudes and self-conceptions to the strain imposed by one's job. Strain was measured by the Rest-Allowance Index, which is a function of the weighted influence of 9 job demands and working conditions generally assumed to produce fatigue. The classification of jobs into ''heavy, '' ''moderate, '' and ''light'' strain on the basis of this index emerged as a useful predictor of willingness to retire, preferred retirement age, self-appraisals of health, and respondents' beliefs regarding the impact of retirement on health. It is suggested that this kind of research on work strain and willingness. to retire might produce considerations other than chronological age for determining retirement age. (25 ref) Desc.: SKILLED INDUSTRIAL WORKERS; RETIREMENT; EMPLOYEE ATTITUDES; OCCUPATIONAL STRESS Ident.: heavy vs moderate vs light job strain, willingness to retire, male semiskilled factory workers Sec. Head.: 3600 (APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 152 51-00794 King Lear and the theory of disengagement. Ricciardelli, Rachel M. Coll. St. Rose Gerontologist, 1973 Sum Vol. 13 (2) 148-152 Jrnl Ann.: 5101 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Comparison of current gerontological findings with the retirement behavior of Shakespeare's King Lear demonstrates that Lear's life cycle traces a current modal pattern of activity, differential disengagement, total disengagement, and death. Desc.: RETIREMENT; ALIENATION; LITERATURE; PHYSIOLOGICAL AGING Ident.: retirement behavior & theory of disengagement, application to Shakespeare's King Lear Sec. Head.: 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 153 51-00791 Activity and disengagement: Life satisfaction of in-movers into a retirement community. Martin, William C. California State U., Chico Gerontologist, 1973 Sum Vol. 13 (2) 224-227 Jrnl Ann.: 5101 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Examined the effects of marital status, family interaction, and disengagement on the life satisfaction of new residents in a retirement community. Results indicate that high satisfaction was associated with inter- and intrapersonal activity coupled with structural disengagement. It is concluded that activity and disengagement theories are not mutually exclusive but represent processes which operate on personal and societal-structural levels, respectively. Desc.: RETIREMENT; COMMUNITIES; AGED; PSYCHOSOCIAL READJUSTMENT; MARITAL STATUS; FAMILY RELATIONS Ident.: marital status & family interaction & disengagement, life satisfaction, new retirement community residents Sec. Head.: 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 154 50-04614 Social and medical correlates of survival among octogenarians: United Automobile Worker retirees and Spanish-American War veterans. Richardson, Arthur H. Johns Hopkins U., School of Hygiene & Public Health Jrnl of Gerontology, 1973 Apr Vol. 28 (2) 207-215 Jrnl Ann.: 5003 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Presents a report about correlates of longevity among 2 groups of octogenarian males-United Auto Workers (UAW) retirees, from the automobile industry, and Spancos, veterans from the Spanish-American War. Reported data consist of a panel-survey interview study before and after implementation of broader health benefit program in Michigan for 1, 366 randomly selected UAW retirees and a nationwide interview survey study for 1, 913 randomly selected Spancos. Findings indicate that for both very aged groups social background and style of life variables have minimal importance in predicting survival over a 1-yr follow-up period, that medical care utilization was greater among decedents than survivors 1-yr prior to broader health benefit programs provided UAW retirees, and that hospitalized care was especially greater for these decedents during the 1st yr. of the new health program. (35 ref.) Desc.: AGED; MORTALITY RATE; HUMAN MALES; MILITARY VETERANS; MEDICAL TREATMENT (GENERAL); DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS; RETIREMENT Ident.: social background & life style vs. health benefit program, survival, octogenarian male United Auto Workers retirees vs Spanish-American War veterans Sec. Head.: 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 155 50-02700 A study of the relationships between the personal health attitudes of older employees and retirees, and certain physical, psychological, and socioeconomic factors. Jordan, Jack A. U. Oregon Diss. Abst. Int., 1973 Mar Vol. 33 (9-B) 4349-4350 Jrnl Ann.: 5002 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Desc.: RETIREMENT; AGED; SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS; HEALTH Ident.: physical & psychological & socioeconomic factors, personal health attitudes, 60-70 yr. old employees & retirees Sec. Head.: 2800 (DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 156 49-12184 Employment and retirement: Roles and activities. Sheppard, Harold L., et al. Upjohn Inst. on Employment Research, Washington, D.C. Gerontologist, 1972 Sum Vol. 12 (2, Pt. 2) 29-35 CODEN: GRNTA Jrnl Ann.: 4906 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: JRNL ART. Discusses the needs foremore refined data regarding the types of workers affected and the causes of their unemployment and underemployment. Matters of concern are the teen-age vs. older worker unemployment, changing age-sex roles in work, the role of job satisfaction, task analysis to fit the job to the worker, mid-career crises and 2nd careers, as well as the isolation potentials inherent in retirement. (21 ref.) Desc.: UNEMPLOYMENT; RETIREMENT; ADOLESCENTS; ADULTS; JOB SATISFACTION; SEX ROLES; JOB ANALYSIS; AGE DIFFERENCES; OCCUPATIONS Ident.: age & sex roles & job satisfaction & job analysis, employment & unemployment & retirement Sec. Head.: 3600 (APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY) Y016011 157 49-08119 The Strong Vocational Interest Blank as a predictor of retention in the NOAA Officer Corp. Neumann, Idell; Abrahams, Norman M. U.S. Naval Personnel & Training Research Lab., San Diego, Calif. 1972 Aug No. 73-5 22 p Jrnl Ann.: 4904 Lang.: Eng. Doc. Type: TECHNICAL REPORT Investigated the selection of career-motivated United States Navy officers in the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) through use of the SVIB. The SVIB and a background questionnaire (BQ) were administered to sample of retired (n = 70), resigned (n = 87), and active duty (n = 215) NOAA officers. BQ responses were used to identify how tenure active duty Ss who had not yet reached the career decision point. An empirical tenure scale was constructed by contrasting the SVIB responses of a portion of the high and low tenure Ss. This scale was subsequently cross-validated on the remaining sample. Mean scores for the high and low tenure Ss were obtained for each of the 56 standard occupational interest scales to construct and compare occupational profiles. Results show that a number of the SVIB scales discriminated between high and low tenure Ss, indicating that these 2 groups differed in their career interests. Further analyses resulted in the construction and cross-validation of a highly predictive empirical SVIB scale for the selection of NOAA officers. Cross-validated correlation coefficients ranging from .50-.65 led to the recommendation that the SVIB be integrated into the present procedures for selecting NOAA officers. Desc.: STRONG VOCATIONAL INTEREST BLANK; RETIREMENT; NAVY PERSONNEL ; COMMISSIONED OFFICERS; OCCUPATIONAL TENURE Ident.: SVIB, prediction of retention in National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration, retired vs. resigned vs. active duty Navy officers Sec. Head.: 3600 (APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY)