Document 4001 COPYRIGHT AND TECHNICAL COMMUNICATION-AN INTRODUCTION. PROVISIONS OF THE GERMAN FEDERAL COPYRIGHT ACT MOST RELEVANT FOR THE DELIVERY OF INFORMATION SERVICES ARE DESCRIBED. SPECIAL CONSIDERATION IS GIVEN TO LEGAL QUESTIONS CONCERNING PHOTOCOPYING. ******************************************** Document 4002 COPYRIGHT SHOULD REST ON AGREEMENTS NOT FORCE. INTERVIEWS THE CHAIRMAN OF THE COPYRIGHT LAW REVISION COMMITTEE, MOGENS KOKTVEDGAARD. HE ARGUES THAT THE PROPOSALS CONTAIN NO CHANGE OF PRINCIPLE, BUT THAT THE PROBLEM OF PROFESSIONAL COPYING OF MUSICAL WORKS ESPECIALLY HAS BEEN TACKLED; MORE SEVERE PUNISHMENT FOR INFRINGEMENTS OF COPYRIGHT IS ENVISAGED. PHOTOCOPYING OF PRINTED MATTER BY EDUCATIONAL AND PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS IS BEING BROUGHT UNDER CONTROL WITH BETTER SYSTEMS OF REPORTING USE. IT IS UP TO THE ORGANISATIONS REPRESENTING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS TO PRODUCE A SYSTEM OF COLLECTIVE ADMINISTRATION FOR DEALING WITH USERS. ABOLITION OF COPYRIGHT, ARGUED BY THOSE WHO WANT A FREE MARKET IN CULTURAL PRODUCTS, WOULD LEAD TO THE DEATH OF CULTURE. LICENCE AGREEMENTS ARE MUCH TO BE PREFERRED TO COMPULSORY LICENCES. BUT SUCH A SYSTEM MUST BE COMBINED WITH FORMS OF STATE SUPPORT FOR THE PRODUCERS. ******************************************** Document 4003 PERIODICALS FOR CHILDREN' A SELECTION. AN EXAMINATION OF SOME OF THE CURRENT PERIODICALS FOR CHILDREN WHICH ARE FOUND MOST FREQUENTLY IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL AND PUBLIC LIBRARY COLLECTIONS. THE INFORMATION INCLUDES SOME VALUE JUDGEMENTS PERTAINING TO THEIR QUALITY, THEIR POPULARITY WITH CHILDREN, AND THEIR POTENTIAL USE IN THE SCHOOL, THE LIBRARY, AND THE HOME. ******************************************** Document 4004 THE 1978-80 FAXON PERIODICAL PRICES UPDATE. IN THE PAST THESE COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF PERIODICAL PRICES WERE PUBLISHED ANNUALLY IN THE 1 OCTOBER ISSUES OF 2LIBRARY JOURNAL1. ******************************************** Document 4005 PERIODICAL PRICES 1979-1981 UPDATE. IN THE PAST THESE COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF PERIODICAL PRICES WERE PUBLISHED ANNUALLY IN THE 1 OCTOBER ISSUES OF 2LIBRARY JOURNAL1. ******************************************** Document 4006 EXTEMPLO-REFLECTIONS ON A YEAR. THE ELECTRONIC JOURNAL VIA SCANNET, EXTEMPLO, COMPLETED ITS 2ND YEAR IN 1980. IT DRAWS TOGETHER NOTES ON LECTURES, COURSES AND CONFERENCES ON SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION WITHIN THE NORDIC COUNTRIES. ITS DECENTRALISED EDITING, BY LOCAL EDITORS IN THE NORDIC COUNTRIES, MAY BE A PRECURSOR TO THE AUTHOR/EDITOR/REVIEWER COMMUNICATION IN FUTURE SCIENTIFIC ELECTRONIC JOURNALS. EXTEMPLO IS ENTERED VIA A FAIRLY SIMPLE EDITING PROCEDURE INTO THE DEC10 COMPUTER AT GOTHENBURG'S MEDICINDATA. ITS FUTURE DEVELOPMENT WILL BE GREATLY INFLUENCED BY THE ONGOING CHANGES IN THE LONG DISTANCE TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK AVAILABLE IN THE NORDIC COUNTRIES. ******************************************** Document 4007 BUILDING A READERSHIP FOR AN ONLINE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL. INSPEC RECENTLY LAUNCHED EMIS (ELECTRONIC MATERIALS INFORMATION SERVICE). ONE OF THE FACILITIES OFFERED IS ELECTRONIC PUBLICATION OF RESEARCH RESULTS AND THE AUTHORS DISCUSS SOME OF THE PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED, AS WELL AS THE SOLUTIONS ADOPTED. ******************************************** Document 4008 PROBLEMS OF REFERENCE. A PERSONAL ACCOUNT OF SOME OF THE PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED IN THE PREPARATION OF A SERIES OF REFERENCE WORKS-BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARIES OF ARTISTS, PHOTOGRAPHERS AND ARCHITECTS, FOR EXAMPLE. ******************************************** Document 4009 THE POSITION OF THE BOOK IN FINLAND. FINLAND HAS PROPORTIONATELY A VERY LARGE NATIONAL BOOK PRODUCTION (710 VOLUMES PER MILLION POPULATION IN 1970, AS AGAINST 280 IN USA). BOOK LOANS/SALES HAVE INCREASED FROM 17.4/4.9 PER HEAD IN 1950 TO 32.4/13.6 IN 1970, WHILE THE PROPORTION OF FICTION PUBLISHED FELL FROM ONE-THIRD TO 10-15%. LIBRARY LOANS INCREASED SEVENFOLD DURING 1945-70, WHILE BORROWERS INCREASED FROM 8% TO 26% OF POPULATION. THE FIRST MOBILE LIBRARY APPEARED IN 1961; BY 1971 THERE WERE 73, LENDING 8% OF THE NATIONAL TOTAL. BOOK-CLUBS CONTRIBUTE TOWARDS AUTHORS' ROYALTIES AND GRANTS. FINNISH AUTHORS ARE LESS WELL SUBSIDISED THAN NORWEGIAN, BUT THEIR BOOKS SELL IN LARGER QUANTITIES. ******************************************** Document 4010 ARGENTINA' A BOOK WORLD, A WORLD AWAY. SPECIAL REPORT ON THE PRESENT STATE OF THE ARGENTINIAN BOOK PUBLISHING INDUSTRY. ******************************************** Document 4011 THE AUSTRALIAN LIBRARY SUPPLY SCENE. ATTEMPTS TO HIGHLIGHT ASPECTS OF THE BOOK INDUSTRY INVOLVED IN THE MARKETING AND DISTRIBUTION OF BOOKS TO AUSTRALIAN LIBRARIES, INCLUDING THE OPERATIONS OF PUBLISHERS AND THEIR DISTRIBUTORS, AS WELL AS BOOKSELLERS AND LIBRARY SUPPLIERS. SUCCESSFUL AUSTRALIAN LIBRARY SUPPLIERS MUST TAKE ADVANTAGE OF ANY LOCAL BOOK SUPPLY ARRANGEMENTS BENEFICIAL TO THE LOCAL LIBRARY MARKET, AND BYPASS THOSE WHICH DO NOT MEET LIBRARY REQUIREMENTS. ******************************************** Document 4012 FILM RECORD-A RECORD SHEET FOR CURRENT PHOTOGRAPHY. DESCRIBES A FILM RECORD SHEET (DESIGNED BY THE AUTHOR) TO BE COMPLETED BY THE PHOTOGRAPHER AFTER THE FILM HAS BEEN PROCESSED. EACH ROLL OF FILM IS THE SUBJECT OF A RECORD SHEET GIVING DETAILS OF CAMERA, LENS AND OTHER TECHNICAL ITEMS, CONTENT OF PHOTOGRAPHS, AND PLACE. ******************************************** Document 4013 VIDEODISCS TECHNOLOGY' EQUIPMENT, SOFTWARE, AND EDUCATIONAL APPLICATIONS. REVIEWS THE DEVELOPMENT OF VIDEODISCS IN GENERAL AND DESCRIBES THE LASER SYSTEMS AND CAPACITANCE ELECTRONIC DISC SYSTEMS IN PARTICULAR. AVAILABILITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF VIDEODISC SOFTWARE IS COVERED ALONG WITH THE DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF SYSTEMS IN EDUCATION AND BUSINESS. THE ARTICLE IS FOLLOWED BY A SURVEY REPORT (P 325-334) COVERING 4 VIDEODISC PLAYERS. ******************************************** Document 4014 MICROGRAPHICS (TABLE OF CONTENTS ONLY). COVERS MICROGRAPHIC TECHNOLOGY, EQUIPMENT AND MARKETS. THE TECHNOLOGY WHICH IS REVIEWED INCLUDES RECORDING, PROCESSING AND DUPLICATING, COMPUTER INPUT/OUTPUT ON MICROFILM, VIEWING, PRINTING, STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL. ******************************************** Document 4015 MICROFORMS. 1973-AUGUST, 1981 (CITATIONS FROM THE NTIS DATA BASE). REPORTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF MICROFORM MATERIALS ARE CITED IN THE UPDATED BIBLIOGRAPHY. INCLUDED ARE MICROFILM AND MICROFICHE FORMAT STANDARDS, UTILISATION, AND CARE. MUCH OF THIS IS DISCUSSED IN RELATION TO LIBRARIES, INFORMATION CENTRES, AND EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS AT ALL LEVELS. ******************************************** Document 4016 COMPUTER OUTPUT TO MICROFILM (COM). JANUARY, 1975-OCTOBER, 1981 (CITATIONS FROM THE INTERNATIONAL INFORMATION SERVICE FOR THE PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING COMMUNITIES DATA BASE). COVERS CONCEPTS, TECHNIQUES, EQUIPMENT, AND SYSTEMS FOR COMPUTER OUTPUT MICROFILM (COM) AND ALLIED TECHNOLOGY EMPLOYED IN A WIDE VARIETY OF APPLICATIONS. SOME ATTENTION IS GIVEN TO ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS OF COM. ******************************************** Document 4017 WORD PROCESSING OUTPUT MICROFORM: AFTER COM CAN WORD PROCESSOR/MICRO-/MINI-COMPUTER OUTPUT MICROFORM TAKE OFF?. DESCRIBES THE BENEFITS TO BE HAD BY PRODUCING MICROFORMS DIRECT FROM WORD PROCESSOR OR MINI/MICRO-COMPUTER OUTPUT WITHOUT PRODUCING ANY PAPER INTERMEDIARY. HOWEVER, WHILE COM RECORDERS CAN ACCEPT THE MAGNETIC TAPE OUTPUT OF MOST MAINFRAME COMPUTERS, FEW COM RECORDERS CAN ACCEPT FLOPPY DISCS DIRECT AND THOSE THAT CAN WILL ONLY ACCEPT IBM FORMATTED FLOPPY DISCS. THE ARTICLE GOES ON TO REVIEW THE VARIOUS METHODS THAT ARE CURRENTLY EMPLOYED TO PRODUCE WORD PROCESSING OUTPUT MICROFORM AND DESCRIBES THE WORK THAT NRCD IS DOING IN THIS AREA. ******************************************** Document 4018 A NEW ARTS COUNCIL FOR QUEBEC. THE TEXT OF A MEMOIR JOINTLY PRESENTED TO THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT OF CANADA ON 1 MAY 81, BY THE QUEBEC LIBRARY ASSOCIATION, THE NORTH AMERICAN FRENCH LANGUAGE PUBLISHERS GROUP, AND THE QUEBEC WRITERS UNION, SETTING OUT THEIR VIEWS ON THE IMPORTANCE OF LITERATURE IN CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT, AND THEIR ROLE TO DATE IN UPHOLDING THE BURDEN OF RESPONSIBILITY FOR DEVELOPING AND COMMUNICATING LITERATURE IN FRENCH. AN APPEAL FOR STATE AID IS PRESENTED ON THE GROUNDS OF THE NECESSITY FOR A CENTRAL ORGANISM TO MEDIATE BETWEEN NATIONAL AND LOCAL INTERESTS IN SUPPORTING MINORITY CULTURE, AND THE OBJECTIVES OF A NATIONAL CULTURAL POLICY ARE BRIEFLY OUTLINED. ******************************************** Document 4019 LEXICOGRAPHY' AN INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF DICTIONARIES. PRESENTS A STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF THE DICTIONARY INCORPORATING BOTH FORM AND CONTENT BY USING A TYPOLOGY WHICH TAKES ACCOUNT EQUALLY OF THE PURPOSE AND LINGUISTIC SCOPE OF EACH TYPE. THE STRUCTURE OF THE DICTIONARY ENTRY AND THE PROBLEMS OF DEFINITION ARE DISCUSSED IN DETAIL, AND A COMPARISON MADE WITH THE THESAURUS. FINALLY THE THESAURUS IS DISTINGUISHED FROM THE LANGUAGE OF THESAURI, AS USED IN INFORMATICS TO SHOW THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SUBJECT AND KEYWORD. CONCLUDES THAT THEORETICAL STUDIES ABOUT THESAURUS CONSTRUCTION SHOULD BE BASED ON SEMANTICS. ******************************************** Document 4020 MODE OF REFERENCE AND ITS ROLE IN SEMANTIC REPRESENTATIONS OF SENTENCES. CONCEIVES A MODE OF REFERENCE AS A GENERALISATION OF A VARIETY OF DIFFERENT CONCEPTS USED BY LINGUISTS AND LOGICIANS IN DESCRIBING RELATIONS BETWEEN LINGUISTIC EXPRESSIONS AND NON-LINGUISTIC REALITY (SUCH AS TERM, PREDICATE, REFERENTIALITY). PROPOSES A CALCULUS FOR THE MODE OF REFERENCE OF A RUSSIAN NOUN PHRASE, BASED ON THE SET OF FEATURES OF A NOUN PHRASE WHICH EXHAUSTIVELY CHARACTERISE ITS MODE OF REFERENCE. EXPLORES THE INFLUENCE OF THE MODE ON THE PHRASE'S SYNTACTIC AND ANAPHORIC PROPERTIES AND DISCUSSES THE POSSIBILITY OF INDICATING THE MODE OF A NOUN PHRASE IN SEMANTIC REPRESENTATIONS OF SENTENCES. ******************************************** Document 4021 SOME CLASS OF MERGING ALGORITHMS. A GENERALISED MODEL OF MERGING ALGORITHMS OF THE +N-TH ORDER, USING THE CONCEPT OF A BINARY TREE, IS CONSIDERED. ******************************************** Document 4022 ACS COMMITTEE ON NOMENCLATURE' ANNUAL REPORT FOR 1980. NOMENCLATURE COMMITTEES, BOTH NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL, WERE VERY ACTIVE IN 1980, RESULTING IN SUBSTANTIAL PROGRESS IN MANY DIFFERENT FIELDS. A SUMMARY OF THE MORE IMPORTANT MEETINGS AND ACCOMPLISHMENTS FOLLOWS. ******************************************** Document 4023 PRESENT STATUS OF INORGANIC CHEMICAL NOMENCLATURE. A SYSTEMATIC CHEMICAL NAME IS ONE WHICH PORTRAYS THE ESSENTIAL STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF A CHEMICAL COMPOUND BY SOME GENERAL PATTERN. FOR MOST PURPOSES IT IS UNNECESSARY TO WRITE NOMENCLATURE RULES IN SUCH DETAIL AS TO PROVIDE A SINGLE NAME FOR EACH COMPOUND. LIKE ALL HUMAN ACTIVITIES NOMENCLATURE PATTERNS CHANGE WITH TIME. THIS IS ESSENTIAL TO MEET NEW CONDITIONS, TO SECURE GREATER GENERALITY, OR TO OBTAIN SIMPLER NAMES. WHILE NOMENCLATURE SPECIALISTS MUST BE ATTUNED TO THE NEEDS OF NOMENCLATURE USERS, THEIR SUGGESTED SOLUTIONS TO BE SUCCESSFUL MUST BE ACCEPTABLE TO THE USERS. THE PRESENTATION DETAILS WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY (1) THE COMMITTEE-COMMISSION STRUCTURE IN THIS COUNTRY AND INTERNATIONALLY, (2) SIGNIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS IN THE PAST HALF-CENTURY, (3) DEVELOPMENTS IN PROGRESS, AND (4) AREAS WHERE NOMENCLATURE DEVELOPMENTS ARE NEEDED. ******************************************** Document 4024 PATENTING, PROFITABILITY AND MARKETING CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY. BASED ON THE UNPUBLISHED CITY UNIVERSITY (LONDON) MSC THESES OF K.A. WITHERS AND M.P. NOLAN. ANALYSES THE PATENTING ACTIVITY OF PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES IN THE UK; THE GLOBAL EVOLUTION OF PHARMACEUTICAL PATENTING DURING 1951-77; AND THE FATE OF PATENTS PUBLISHED IN THE UK DURING 1951-61. STUDIES HOW MUCH COMPANIES VARY IN THEIR PATENTING POLICY; WHETHER THIS CORRELATES WITH THEIR PROFITABILITY; AND THE AMOUNT OF LICENSING BETWEEN COMPANIES. ******************************************** Document 4025 THE DIARY OF THE HUMAN RACE: LIBRARIES IN A TROUBLED AGE. PAPER PRESENTED AT LIBRARY HISTORY SEMINAR VI 'LIBRARIES & CULTURE', AUSTIN, TEXAS, 19-22 MAR 80. LIBRARIES ARE AN INDEX TO THE CULTURE WITHIN WHICH THEY EXIST-PROVIDING A REPOSITORY OF WHAT HAS BEEN DISCOVERED, IMAGINED OR HOPED, AND SERVING AS ARENAS WITHIN WHICH PEOPLE CAN GRAPPLE WITH PRESENT TASKS AND ATTEMPT TO COPE WITH THE FUTURE. PRESENTS A BRIEF HISTORICAL REVIEW OF THE US LIBRARY'S ROLE IN CULTURAL LIFE, AND HIGHLIGHTS PRESENT AND LIKELY FUTURE DIFFICULTIES IN MEETING THAT GOAL, AS LIBRARIES ARE FACED WITH INFLATIONARY PRESSURES, THE PUBLIC'S INCREASING USE OF TELEVISION INSTEAD OF BOOKS, AND HIGHER LABOUR COSTS. ******************************************** Document 4026 LIBRARIES AND THE TWO CULTURES. PAPER PRESENTED AT LIBRARY HISTORY SEMINAR VI 'LIBRARIES & CULTURE', AUSTIN, TEXAS, 19-22 MAR 80. CULTURE MAY MEAN AN ACQUAINTANCE WITH THE BEST THAT HAS BEEN KNOWN AND SAID IN THE WORLD, AND THE WHOLE CONGERIES OF WAYS IN WHICH A PARTICULAR PEOPLE CONSTRUCT BUILDINGS, MANUFACTURE ARTIFACTS, WORSHIP DEITIES, MAKE WAR AND LOVE, RAISE CHILDREN, AND LIVE WITH ONE ANOTHER. TRACES THE HISTORICAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LIBRARIES AND THE 2 CULTURES, CONTENDING THAT THE MAKEUP OF SOCIETIES AND CULTURES THAT ARE THOUSANDS OF YEARS OLD IS NOT MUCH INFLUENCED BY THE SMALL NUMBER WHO SEEK CULTURE, AND LIBRARIES REMAIN PERIPHERAL IN THE CULTURE OF THE PEOPLE AS A WHOLE. ******************************************** Document 4027 CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS AND AMERICAN MODERNIZATION. PAPER PRESENTED AT LIBRARY HISTORY SEMINAR VI 'LIBRARIES & CULTURE', AUSTIN, TEXAS, 19-22 MAR 80. A SIGNIFICANT HISTORIOGRAPHICAL SHIFT HAS TAKEN PLACE AMONG CULTURAL HISTORIANS WITHIN THE LAST 2 DECADES, AND A MORE COMBATIVE AND CRITICAL STANCE TOWARD US INSTITUTIONS IS APPARENT, WHICH SERVES AS A BRIDGE FOR THE PUBLIC LIBRARY DEBATE TO ENTER THE LARGER ARENA. IDENTIFIES AND ACCOUNTS FOR THE HISTORIOGRAPHICAL CHANGE, RAISES SOME QUESTIONS ABOUT ITS CONCLUSIONS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO MODERNISATION. ALSO REFLECTS UPON THE CONNECTION BETWEEN HISTORY AND CONTEMPORARY POLICY DEBATES. ******************************************** Document 4028 ANCIENT BURIALS OF METAL DOCUMENTS IN STONE BOXES-THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR LIBRARY HISTORY. PAPER PRESENTED AT LIBRARY HISTORY SEMINAR VI 'LIBRARIES & CULTURE', AUSTIN, TEXAS, 19-22 MAR 80. ARCHAEOLOGICAL DIGS HAVE UNEARTHED MANY BARREL CYLINDERS, STONE OR METAL TABLETS AND OTHER ARTEFACTS ON WHICH WERE INSCRIBED A PERMANENT RECORD OF THE LABOURS OF PARTICULAR SOCIETIES. DESCRIBES SOME OF THE MAJOR FINDINGS AT PERSEPOLIS AND ELSEWHERE. THE HISTORY OF BOOKS AND LIBRARIES IS THE HISTORY OF 2INSTRUMENTS, 1AND THUS THE INFORMATION SYSTEMS OF THE ANCIENT NEAR EAST ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE HISTORY OF LIBRARIANSHIP; ANCIENT RECORDS COME NOT IN SINGLE BOOKS BUT IN WHOLE LIBRARIES-ORGANIC ENTITIES REPRESENTING EVERY DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN KNOWLEDGE, OF OBVIOUS SIGNIFICANCE TO THE HISTORY OF LIBRARIANSHIP. ******************************************** Document 4029 METHODS OF REFERENCE IN CASSIODORUS. PAPER PRESENTED AT LIBRARY HISTORY SEMINAR VI 'LIBRARIES & CULTURE', AUSTIN, TEXAS, 19-22 MAR 80. THE 2PSALM COMMENTARY, 1BY THE 6TH-CENTURY LATIN CHURCH FATHER, CASSIODORUS, USED A TYPE OF FORMAT CREATED BY THE AUTHOR HIMSELF-ONE NEVER TO BE USED AGAIN IN THE HISTORY OF THE MEDIAEVAL BOOK. SHOWS HOW, THROUGH THE ORGANISATION OF THE BOOK AND BY THE USE OF MARGINAL SYMBOLS, CASSIODORUS WAS ABLE TO PRESENT TO HIS STUDENTS A HANDBOOK FROM WHICH THEY COULD LEARN THE RUDIMENTS OF THE LIBERAL ARTS THROUGH THE STUDY OF DIVINE SCRIPTURE. THE BOOK CONSTITUTES A SELF-HELP MANUAL, WITH THE NARRATOR SPEAKING DIRECTLY TO THE READER. CRITICAL MARKS WERE ADDED TO SPECIFIC PLACES IN THE TEXT TO ALLOW THE READER TO STUDY WHATEVER HE WANTS IN THE TEXT, SIMPLY BY LOCATING LIKE SYMBOLS. ******************************************** Document 4030 STOIC INFLUENCES IN LIBRARIANSHIP: A CRITIQUE. PAPER PRESENTED AT LIBRARY HISTORY SEMINAR VI 'LIBRARIES & CULTURE', AUSTIN, TEXAS, 19-22 MAR 80. EXPRESSES A DEEP INDEBTEDNESS BY LIBRARIANS AND INFORMATION SCIENTISTS TO THE THOUGHT AND CULTURE OF ANCIENT GREECE, BUT SOUNDS A WARNING TO INFORMATION SCIENTISTS THAT SOME OF THE LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE GREEKS ARE BEING BLINDLY AND UNTHINKINGLY MISAPPLIED TODAY, TO THE DETRIMENT OF CLEAR THINKING ABOUT LIBRARY PROBLEMS. DESCRIBES THE ANCIENT GREEK THEORY OF THE SIGN EXPRESSING THE RELATION BETWEEN WORDS, THOUGHTS, AND THINGS WHICH IS STILL INFLUENTIAL IN PHILOSOPHY, LINGUISTICS, AND PSYCHOLOGY, BUT IS OFTEN INAPPROPRIATELY INVOKED IN THESE DISCIPLINES AND IN LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE AND THE STUDY OF COMMUNICATION. THE MODEL IS AMBIGUOUS, AND SO AN ALTERNATIVE, BASED ON HUMAN LINGUISTICS, IS PROPOSED. ******************************************** Document 4031 AN IDEA OF LIBRARIANSHIP: AN OUTLINE FOR A ROOT-METAPHOR THEORY IN LIBRARY SCIENCE. PAPER PRESENTED AT LIBRARY HISTORY SEMINAR VI 'LIBRARIES & CULTURE', AUSTIN, TEXAS, 19-22 MAR 80. WITH GROWTH COMES COMPLEXITY; AND LIBRARIANSHIP BECOMES INCREASINGLY COMPLEX AS IT GROWS. A 2-FOLD APPROACH TO THE UNDERSTANDING OF LIBRARIANSHIP IS SUGGESTED. FIRSTLY, LIBRARIANSHIP SHOULD BE VIEWED AS A GENERAL DISCIPLINE AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS SHOULD BE STUDIED AS A WHOLE, AND SECONDLY, BASIC COMPONENTS OF LIBRARIANSHIP SHOULD BE IDENTIFIED, BY REDUCING THE COMPLEXITY OF THE FIELD TO ITS SIMPLEST PARTS-ITS 'ROOTS'. PROPOSES A MODEL OF 'METALIBRARIANSHIP' BASED ON THIS ANALYSIS, AND INVOLVING ASSUMPTIONS ABOUT ITS NATURE IN TERMS OF THE MECHANISM, EXPANDED CONTEXTUALISM AND FORMISM, AND SUGGESTING THAT THE PRIMARY ROOT METAPHOR OF METALIBRARIANSHIP IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE GENERIC BOOK, ITS SUBJECT MATTER, AND ITS READER. ******************************************** Document 4032 LIBRARIES AND PRINTERS IN THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY. PAPER PRESENTED AT LIBRARY HISTORY SEMINAR VI 'LIBRARIES & CULTURE', AUSTIN, TEXAS, 19-22 MAR 80. TREATISE ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LIBRARIES AND PRINTERS IN THE 15TH CENTURY, WHEN LIBRARIES OFTEN PROVIDED THE BASE TEXTS, IN MANUSCRIPT FORM FOR THE PRINTERS. FOCUSES PARTICULARLY ON JOHANN AMERBACH, A PRINTER AND PUBLISHER IN BASEL, SWITZERLAND, AND HIS RELATIONSHIP WITH THE LIBRARIES WHICH FURNISHED HIS TEXTS. ******************************************** Document 4033 ISSUE DEVOTED TO PAPERS PRESENTED AT LIBRARY HISTORY SEMINAR VI 'LIBRARIES & CULTURE', AUSTIN, TEXAS, 19-22 MAR 80).PAP ERS ARE IN 7 SECTIONS: PLENARY SESSIONS; LIBRARIES AND ANTIQUITY; PHILOSOPHY OF LIBRARIANSHIP; EARLY MODERN EUROPEAN LIBRARIES; ESTABLISHMENT OF UNIQUE COLLECTIONS; NOTABLE BIBLIOGRAPHERS; AND FRENCH LIBRARIES-FRANCE AND ITS AFRICAN COLONIES. FOR ABSTRACTS OF THE PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE SEMINAR, SEE THE FOLLOWING SERIAL NUMBERS:-. ******************************************** Document 4034 CRITICISM OF BOURGEOIS LIBRARIANSHIP IN SOVIET LIBRARY LITERATURE. PROVIDES A CHRONOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE STUDY OF LIBRARIANSHIP IN WESTERN COUNTRIES AS REFLECTED IN THE WRITINGS OF SOVIET LIBRARIANS. CONTRIBUTIONS FROM 1920S AND 1930S REVEAL NOT ONLY CRITICISM OF THE WESTERN LIBRARY THEORIES BUT ALSO APPRECIATION OF PRACTICAL ACHIEVEMENTS. INCONSISTENCY OF THEORY (NON-POLITICAL ORIENTATION OF LIBRARIES) WITH PRACTICE (MIDDLE CLASS BIAS OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES) WAS 1 OF THE MAIN AREAS OF CRITICISM IN THE 1940S AND 1950S. 1960S BROUGHT WIDER INTEREST IN SPECIAL LIBRARIANSHIP AND PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES. THE CURRENT INTEREST IS THE INFLUENCE OF WESTERN LIBRARIANSHIP ON DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. ******************************************** Document 4035 SCOTTISH LIBRARIES 1978-1980. A TRIENNIAL REVIEW. COVERS PUBLIC, COLLEGE, SCHOOL, UNIVERSITY AND SPECIAL LIBRARIES, NATIONAL LIBRARY OF SCOTLAND, SCOTTISH LIBRARIES CO-OPERATIVE AUTOMATION PROJECT, EDUCATION IN LIBRARIANSHIP AND THE SCOTTISH LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. ******************************************** Document 4036 LIBRARIES IN FRANCE: THE PRESENT SITUATION. A COMMENTARY BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE ASSOCIATION DES BIBLIOTHECAIRES FRANCAIS (ABF) FOR THE 1981 CONFERENCE, SURVEYING THE POSITION AS COMPARED TO THE PREVIOUS YEAR. ADVANCES AS REASONS FOR RESTRAINED OPTIMISM RECENT ACHIEVEMENTS CONSOLIDATING AND ADVANCING THE INTERESTS OF THE PROFESSION, INCLUDING THE ESTABLISHMENT OF REGIONAL ASSOCIATIONS, INTEGRATION OF TEACHING PROGRAMMES, AND IMPROVEMENTS IN BUDGET ALLOCATION. RECENT GOVERNMENT MEASURES ARE DISCUSSED AS EVIDENCE OF WIDER PUBLIC AND OFFICIAL RECOGNITION OF THE IMPORTANCE OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES, AND IN CONCLUSION URGES LIBRARIANS TO CAPITALISE ON THE NEW OPPORTUNITIES NOW OPENING UP. ******************************************** Document 4037 AFRICAN LIBRARIES. WESTERN TRADITION AND COLONIAL BRAINWASHING. FOCUSES ON THE INTRODUCTION INTO AFRICA (A PREDOMINANTLY ORAL OR PRELITERATE CULTURE) OF SOME OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL ARTIFACTS AND RELATED INSTITUTIONS REPRESENTING THE COLONISER'S POWER AND AUTHORITY. IN PARTICULAR, ATTENTION IS DRAWN TO THE SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE BOOK AS AN ARMOURY OF LIBRARIES, EDUCATION, AND COMMUNICATION AMONG AFRICANS. ******************************************** Document 4038 LIBRARIES FOR THE GENERAL PUBLIC IN FRENCH-SPEAKING AFRICA: THEIR CULTURAL ROLE, 1803-1975. PAPER PRESENTED AT LIBRARY HISTORY SEMINAR VI 'LIBRARIES & CULTURE', AUSTIN, TEXAS, 19-22 MAR 80. THE CULTURAL ROLE OF LIBRARIES VARIES IN THEORY, IN PRACTICE AND IN LAW. DISCUSSES THE UNDERLYING THEORY OR PHILOSOPHY OF PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICE AS IT EVOLVED IN FRANCOPHONE AFRICA TO THE MID-70S. SECTIONS INCLUDE' LIBRARIES AS AN ANTIDOTE TO EXILE, LIBRARIES FOR EXTENDING FRENCH CULTURE, AND THE MOVEMENT FOR PUBLIC LIBRARIES. ******************************************** Document 4039 ANNUAL REVIEW OF CANADIAN LIBRARIES. PREDICTIONS TO THE YEAR 2010. BROAD-BASED REVIEW OF POSSIBLE FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS FOLLOWED BY EXTENSIVE BIBLIOGRAPHIES. ******************************************** Document 4040 ANNUAL REVIEW OF ISSUES AFFECTING CANADIAN LIBRARIES. REVIEW COVERS THOSE PERIODICALS WHICH ARE NOT WIDELY READ BY LIBRARIANS DUE TO THE FACT THAT THEY COVER RELATED DISCIPLINES SUCH AS ARCHIVES, BIBLIOGRAPHY, BOOK ARTS, LITERACY, PUBLISHING, MICROGRAPHICS AND PRINTING. ******************************************** Document 4041 NATIONAL INFORMATION NETWORKS, CATALOGUING IN SOURCE, AND OTHER BRAZILIAN EXPERIENCES. A PAPER PRESENTED AT A 1979 BRAZILIAN CONFERENCE SURVEYING RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF BRAZIL'S RESTRICTED LIBRARY AND INFORMATION RESOURCES. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF THE BRAZILIAN INSTITUTE OF BIBLIOGRAPHY AND DOCUMENTATION (IBBD)'S CATALOGUE CARD REPRODUCTION SERVICE, SIC, CREATED IN 1942, AND THE SUBSEQUENT CALCO PROJECT TO PROVIDE A SPANISH-PORTUGUESE LANGUAGE EQUIVALENT TO MARC FOR THE WHOLE OF LATIN AMERICA. CATALOGUING IN SOURCE ACTIVITIES ARE OUTLINED WITH REFERENCE TO PUBLISHING, AND THE OPERATION OF THE NATIONAL COOPERATIVE CATALOGUING PROJECT SINCE 1956 EVALUATED. FINALLY THE PROJECTED NATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (SNICT) IS DESCRIBED IN FULL, WITH DETAILS OF ITS STRUCTURE, OBJECTIVES, ACTIVITIES, SUPPORT SYSTEM, AND IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE. EVALUATES THE FEASIBILITY OF THE PROJECT AS A WHOLE, IN RELATION TO THE INADEQUACY OF EXISTING REGIONAL LIBRARY SERVICES. ******************************************** Document 4042 LIBRARIES IN AN INDEPENDENT PAPUA NEW GUINEA. PAPERS PRESENTED AT A SEMINAR SPONSORED BY THE PAPUA NEW GUINEA BRANCH OF THE LIBRARY ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA, 14-16 SEPT 1973. ******************************************** Document 4043 INFORMATION AS A SOURCE OF ENERGY. REPORT OF A JOINT STUDY HELD IN PARIS IN NOV 81, ATTENDED BY REPRESENTATIVES OF ALL THE 5 FRENCH PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS CONCERNED WITH LIBRARY AND INFORMATION WORK, TO EXAMINE THE INFORMATION PUBLICATIONS AVAILABLE TO PROFESSIONALS. THE OPENING SESSION COVERED THE 5 REVIEWS PUBLISHED BY PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS, AND 3 GENERAL REVIEWS PUBLISHED BY INDEPENDENT AGENCIES; THE EDITORS CONCERNED GAVE DETAILS, REPORTED IN SUMMARY, OF SUBJECT COVERAGE, READERSHIP, CIRCULATION, AND FREQUENCY. THE OTHER MAIN SESSION COVERED FRENCH PUBLICATIONS DEALING WITH INFORMATION SCIENCE BIBLIOGRAPHY; HERE ALSO THE 5 EDITORS CONCERNED DESCRIBED THE BASIC ORGANISATION AND STRUCTURE OF THEIR BULLETINS, AND THEN DISCUSSED AT LENGTH THEIR SOURCES OF BIBLIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION. THE REPORT SUMMARISES THE GENERAL DEBATES HELD ON RELATIONS BETWEEN THE INFORMATION PROFESSION AND PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS, AND BETWEEN THE PROFESSION AND THE PRESS, AND CONCLUDES WITH A BRIEF OUTLINE OF THE ARGUMENTS PRESENTED FOR ESTABLISHING AN INFORMATION BUREAU TO SERVE THE SPECIFIC NEEDS OF THE PROFESSION. ******************************************** Document 4044 THIRTY YEARS OF THE 2BIBLIOTEKAR1. A CRITICAL EVALUATION OF ALMOST 30 YEARS OF 2BIBLIOTEKAR'S 1HISTORY. INADEQUATE FINANCIAL RESOURCES HAVE MEANT THAT AUTHORS FEES ARE NOT GENEROUS, AND THE QUALITY OF THE PUBLISHED MATERIAL SUFFERS. IT IS ALSO IMPOSSIBLE TO IMPROVE THE JOURNAL'S LAYOUT, ALTHOUGH THE PRINTING FACILITIES AT THE CYRIL AND METHODIUS NATIONAL LIBRARY ARE GRATEFULLY APPRECIATED. CERTAIN SUGGESTIONS SHOULD IMPROVE 2BIBLIOTEKAR'S 1QUALITY AND IMAGE, E.G. ARTICLES SHOULD BE PLANNED WELL IN ADVANCE BY THE CYRIL AND METHODIUS NATIONAL LIBRARY AND OTHER MAJOR LIBRARIES. FREELANCE CORRESPONDENTS ALL OVER THE COUNTRY SHOULD REPORT REGULARLY ABOUT LIBRARIES IN THEIR REGIONS. OTHER FREELANCE COLLABORATORS, WITH A GOOD COMMAND OF MODERN LANGUAGES, SHOULD PROVIDE REVIEWS OF FOREIGN PERIODICALS ON LIBRARIANSHIP AND DESIGNATE ARTICLES WORTHY OF FULL TRANSLATION INTO BULGARIAN. A SPECIAL COMMISSION SHOULD BE APPOINTED TO SPECIFY 2BIBLIOTEKAR'S1 STATUTE WHICH WOULD STRENGTHEN ITS POSITION AS THE ONLY JOURNAL CATERING FOR ALL TYPES OF LIBRARIANS IN BULGARIA. ******************************************** Document 4045 ZZZZ. FORMERLY 2LIBRARY COMPUTER EQUIPMENT REVIEW1, THE NEW TITLE REFLECTS THE FACT THAT INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THE JOURNAL IS OF INTEREST TO A WIDE RANGE OF INFORMATION PROCESSING AGENCIES AND SPECIALTIES AND NOT JUST TO LIBRARIES. ******************************************** Document 4046 ZZZZ. THE CHANGE IN TITLE FROM 2JOURNAL OF LIBRARY AUTOMATION1 TO 2INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND LIBRARIES1 REFLECTS THE BROADENING OF THE FIELDS OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND LIBRARY AUTOMATION TO ENCOMPASS OTHER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS. ******************************************** Document 4047 SEMINAR FOR RESEARCH OFFICERS IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES, 21-23 FEB 1979. COURSE OBJECTIVES WERE TO PROVIDE PRACTICAL INSTRUCTION ON A NUMBER OF ASPECTS OF RESEARCH METHODOLOGY, RESEARCH AIMS AND REPORT WRITING AND TO CONSIDER THE ORGANISATION, PLANNING AND FUTURE OF RESEARCH IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES. ******************************************** Document 4048 THE WORK OF THE ASLIB RESEARCH DEPARTMENT. REVIEWS RECENT AND CURRENT WORK OF THE ASLIB RESEARCH AND CONSULTANCY DIVISION, WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON ITS RESEARCH FUNDED BY THE BRITISH LIBRARY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT. ******************************************** Document 4049 THE STATE OF RESEARCH IN LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE IN QUEBEC' REPORT OF A SURVEY (PART 2). PRESENTS THE RESULTS OF 1 SECTION OF THE SURVEY CARRIED OUT IN DEC 80 BY THE COMMITTEE FOR RESEARCH ON LIBRARY SCIENCE. THE GLOBAL COMPILATION WAS PRESENTED IN 2ARGUS 110(3-4) 81 (SEE 82/2521). THIS REPORT COVERS THE UNIVERSITY SECTOR ONLY. 6 QUEBEC UNIVERSITIES COMPLETED A QUESTIONNAIRE ON ACTIVITIES DURING THE PERIOD 1975-80. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF FINDINGS ON RESEARCHERS AND THEIR PROJECTS, REASONS FOR NOT PURSUING RESEARCH, AND OF SUGGESTIONS AND COMMENTS MADE BY RESPONDANTS. ******************************************** Document 4050 MR. ACRL' CHARLES HARVEY BROWN (1875-1960). DISCUSSES THE LIFE AND CAREER OF CHARLES HARVEY BROWN WHOSE CHIEF CONTRIBUTION TO THE LIBRARY PROFESSION WAS THE FOUNDING OF THE ASSOCIATION OF COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES (ACRL). HOWEVER THIS WAS ONLY 1 OF A SERIES OF MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS WHICH HE MADE TO THE PROGRESS OF ACADEMIC LIBRARIANSHIP. 2SCIENTIFIC SERIALS1 WAS HIS RESEARCH CONTRIBUTION AND THE CULMINATION OF A LIFETIME DEVOTED TO THE STUDY OF LITERATURE. HE ENDED HIS CAREER AS IOWA STATE LIBRARY DIRECTOR. ******************************************** Document 4051 DRAHOSLAV GAWRECKI. A PROFILE OF THE LEADING CZECHOSLOVAK SPECIALIST IN LIBRARY ARCHITECTURE-DRAHOSLAV GAWRECKI-WHOSE WORK IN THE FIELD SPANS THE LAST 30 YEARS. DURING THIS PERIOD GAWRECKI PUBLISHED SOME 370 TITLES ON THE PLANNING, DESIGN AND EQUIPMENT OF LIBRARY BUILDINGS AND PARTICIPATED IN MAJOR LIBRARY CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN CZECHOSLOVAKIA. HE INITIATED THE ESTABLISHMENT, IN EASTERN EUROPE, OF NATIONAL COMMISSIONS ON LIBRARY ARCHITECTURE AND EQUIPMENT AND FOUNDED THE MEZHDUNARODNYI KOORDINATSIONNYI TSENTR PO STROITEL'STVU, OBORUDOVANIYU I TEKHNICHESKOMU OSNASHCHENIYU BIBLIOTEK (INTERNATIONAL COORDINATING CENTRE FOR THE CONSTRUCTION, EQUIPMENT AND TECHNOLOGY IN LIBRARIES). HIS CONTRIBUTION TO INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION INCLUDED THE ORGANISATION OF SEMINARS ON LIBRARY ARCHITECTURE AND ESTABLISHING CONTACTS WITH SPECIALISTS IN WESTERN COUNTRIES. ******************************************** Document 4052 MUNSHI NAWAL KISHORE (1836-1895) MIRROR OF URDU PRINTING IN BRITISH INDIA. DISCUSSES THE CAREER AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF MUNSHI NAWAL KISHORE, A PRINTER AND PUBLISHER IN 19TH CENTURY BRITISH INDIA, WHO BUILT UP SINGLE HANDED 1 OF THE MOST FAMOUS PRINTING HOUSES IN THE EAST. ANALYSES THE OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTION MADE TO URDU PRINTING BY THE KISHORE PRESS, AND ALSO CONSIDERS KISHORE'S ROLE AS AN AUTHOR, EDITOR, TRANSLATOR, AND PUBLIC SERVANT. FOR AN ABSTRACT OF A PAPER WITH THE SAME TITLE, 2SEE1 81/5056. ******************************************** Document 4053 BOOK COLLECTOR, BIBLIOGRAPHER, AND BENEFACTOR OF LIBRARIES: SIR WILLIAM OSLER. PAPER PRESENTED AT LIBRARY HISTORY SEMINAR VI 'LIBRARIES & CULTURE', AUSTIN, TEXAS, 19-22 MAR 80. PRESENTS SOME DETAILS OF WILLIAM OSLER (1849-1919), A CANADIAN TEACHER AND PHYSICIAN, AS A BOOK COLLECTOR AND BENEFACTOR OF LIBRARIES, AND FOCUSES ON OSLER AS A BIBLIOGRAPHER. ******************************************** Document 4054 THE PROFESSIONAL STATUS OF LIBRARIANSHIP. THE ADVENT OF DATA PROCESSING AND INFORMATION SCIENCE HAS IMPROVED THE STANDING OF LIBRARIANSHIP AS A PROFESSION AND AT THE SAME TIME CREATED A DEMAND FOR BETTER QUALIFICATIONS, ESPECIALLY GRADUATE ENTRY. LIBRARY ASSOCIATIONS HAVE AN IMPORTANT ROLE TO PLAY IN PUTTING PRESSURE ON LOCAL AND CENTRAL GOVERNMENT TO IMPROVE THE STATUS OF THEIR MEMBERS. THIS STATUS VARIES CONSIDERABLY FROM 1 COUNTRY TO ANOTHER, ALTHOUGH THE GENERAL TREND IS UPWARDS, AND FROM 1 KIND OF LIBRARY TO ANOTHER. IN SOME UNIVERSITIES, LIBRARIANS ENJOY FULL ACADEMIC STATUS, BUT A LIBRARIAN MUST BE MORE THAN A PURE ACADEMIC AND MUST BE PROFICIENT IN THE PRACTICAL ADMINISTRATIVE SKILLS AS WELL. ******************************************** Document 4055 THE FUTURE COURSE OF ARCHIVAL THEORY IN THE UNITED STATES. ARCHIVISTS WISHING TO PURSUE THE CONCEPT OF ARCHIVAL THEORY MUST FIRST DEFINE THAT CONCEPT AND THEN WEIGH THEIR DEFINITION AGAINST THE WORK DONE IN THE FIELD SO FAR. ONE APPROACH WOULD BE TO CONSIDER THEORY AS THE DEVELOPMENT OF UNIVERSAL LAWS, AND TO FRAME HYPOTHESES IN UNIVERSAL FORM AND TEST THEM AGAINST THE EVIDENCE. ADDRESSES THE LIKELY FUTURE TRENDS IN US ARCHIVAL THEORY AGAINST THIS BACKGROUND, CONCLUDING THAT THERE IS HOPE FOR THE PROFESSION IF' (1) THE PROFESSION ITSELF REALISES THAT IT IS BOTH A SCIENCE AND A CRAFT; AND (2) CERTAIN ARCHIVISTS MAKE THE MOVE FROM THE WORKPLACE TO THE ACADEMY AS A PERMANENT CAREER COMMITMENT. THERE THEY MUST REALIGN THEMSELVES WITH ACADEMIC HISTORIANS AND OTHERS TO PRODUCE A BODY OF BASIC PRINCIPLES, A SYSTEM OF IMMUTABLE LAWS-A LITANY OF THEORY AND DOGMA. ******************************************** Document 4056 PROLEGOMENA TO AN AUSTRALIAN CODE OF PROFESSIONAL ETHICS FOR LIBRARIANS. THE SUBSTANCE OF THIS PAPER WAS DELIVERED AS AN ADDRESS AT THE SPRING FESTIVAL DINNER OF THE ACT BRANCH OF THE LAA, 25 SEPT 81. EXAMINES CRITICALLY THE CODES OF ETHICS FOR LIBRARIANS WHICH HAVE BEEN PUBLISHED IN THE USA AND THE UK, AND DISCUSSES A NUMBER OF POINTS FOR CONSIDERATION WHEN DRAWING UP SUCH A CODE FOR AUSTRALIAN LIBRARIES. CONSIDERS THE ISSUES THAT GIVE RISE TO QUESTIONS OF PROFESSIONAL ETHICS-IN PARTICULAR LITERATURE CONTROLS (CENSORSHIP) AND THE CLIENT'S RIGHT TO PRIVACY (FREEDOM TO READ). ARGUES THAT SUCH A CODE SHOULD BE PRECISE AND CLEAR AND TAKE COGNIZANCE OF THE FACT THAT LIBRARIANS DISPOSE OF A LOT OF POWER. ******************************************** Document 4057 PRAGMATIC ASPECTS OF INQUIRY. (PHD DISSERTATION-UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY). AN ATTEMPT TO MAKE SOME GENERAL OBSERVATIONS ABOUT THE MANNER IN WHICH PEOPLE SEARCH FOR INFORMATION WHICH THEY KNOW OR BELIEVE TO EXIST. ANALYSES LANGUAGE AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SEMANTIC THEORY THAT WOULD HELP EXPLAIN THE PROCESS OF INQUIRY; DEMONSTRATES THAT EVEN SUCH STRAIGHTFORWARD USES OF LANGUAGE AS AUTHORS' NAMES AND CITATIONS ARE VERY COMPLEX LINGUISTIC PHENOMENA; ANALYSES GENERAL METHODS USED IN THE CONDUCT OF INQUIRY; AND IDENTIFIES AND CONSIDERS THE MAJOR CONSEQUENCES OF THE PRAGMATIC THEORY OF INQUIRY. ******************************************** Document 4058 ON THE OCCASION OF THE 75TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FRENCH LIBRARIANS ASSOCIATION (ABF)' A RETROSPECTIVE VIEW. A SURVEY PREPARED FOR THE 1981 CONFERENCE, DESCRIBING THE ORIGINAL ORGANISATION OF THE ASSOCIATION DES BIBLIOTHECAIRES FRANCAIS (ABF) AND ITS SUBSEQUENT DEVELOPMENT AND ACHIEVEMENTS. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF HOW THE PROFESSION WAS FIRST ORGANISED, THE ESTABLISHMENT OF TRAINING PROGRAMMES, INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES, THE DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL ASSOCIATIONS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPECIALIST SECTIONS WITHIN THE ABF. THROUGHOUT ITS HISTORY, THE ABF HAS CONSISTENTLY STRIVEN TO ACHIEVE THE GOALS OF THE ORIGINAL FOUNDERS. ******************************************** Document 4059 WILLIAM C. MILNER AND MARITIME LIBRARIES. DESCRIBES THE FORMATIVE YEARS OF CANADA'S MARITIME LIBRARY ASSOCIATION AND ITS EFFORTS TO ORGANISE PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN THE MARITIME STATES 1918-24. CONCENTRATES ON THE WORK OF ITS 2ND PRESIDENT WILLIAM C. MILNER, WHO ULTIMATELY FAILED TO ESTABLISH LIBRARIES IN NOVA SCOTIA OR NEW BRUNSWICK. REASONS FOR THE FAILURE WERE ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL CIRCUMSTANCES THOUGH SOME REASONS WERE DUE TO MILNER HIMSELF. ******************************************** Document 4060 THE ROLE OF THE MEDICAL LIBRARY ASSOCIATION IN EDUCATION, STANDARDS AND OTHER SUPPORT SERVICES FOR MEMBERS. EMPHASISES THE MAJOR ACTIVITIES OF THE MEDICAL LIBRARY ASSOCIATION IN THE EXCHANGE OF MATERIALS AMONG MEDICAL LIBRARIES, THE EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION OF IMPORTANCE TO THE EFFICIENT OPERATION OF MEDICAL LIBRARIES, THE EDUCATION OF MEDICAL AND MEDICAL-RELATED LIBRARIANS AND DEVELOPMENT OF STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES. POSES SOME OF THE PROBLEMS RELATED TO EACH OF THESE ACTIVITIES AND ROLES. ******************************************** Document 4061 THE ROLE OF THE PERSATUAN PERPUSTAKAAN MALAYSIA (LIBRARY ASSOCIATION OF MALAYSIA) IN PROVIDING PROFESSIONAL LEADERSHIP IN MALAYSIA. (MA DISSERTATION). THE PERSATUAN PERPUSTAKAAN MALAYSIA (PPM) WAS INAUGURATED ON 25 MAR 55 AS THE MALAYAN LIBRARY GROUP, AND IT MARKED THE EARLIEST ATTEMPT TO FORM AN ASSOCIATION BY LIBRARIANS IN MALAYSIA (THEN MALAYA) AND SINGAPORE. PPM HAS ASSUMED THE ROLE OF THE LEADER OF THE MALAYSIAN LIBRARY PROFESSION. EXAMINES THE STYLE OF LEADERSHIP, QUESTIONING ITS EFFICACY AND PROFESSIONALISM. ATTEMPTS TO DETERMINE THE STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF THE LIBRARY PROFESSION VIS-A-VIS THE ROLE WHICH PPM CAN PLAY. ******************************************** Document 4062 THREE PIOUS HOPES. GREETING OF THE INCOMING PRESIDENT TO THE SOCIETY OF AMERICAN ARCHIVISTS AT THEIR 44TH ANNUAL MEETING, CINCINNATI, OHIO, 3 OCT 80, EXPRESSING 3 'PIOUS HOPES': (1) THAT MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY WILL VOICE THEIR FEELINGS STRONGLY TO COUNCIL AND OFFICERS; (2) THAT THE SOCIETY CAN THINK CONSTRUCTIVELY ABOUT THE ROLES OF THE PROFESSIONAL STAFF AND ELECTED OFFICERS; AND (3) THAT ATTENDANCE WILL BE GOOD AT THE SOCIETY'S NEXT ANNUAL MEETING IN BERKELEY. ******************************************** Document 4063 ON THE PROFESSIONAL ETHICS OF THE LIBRARIAN FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING. SOCIALIST LIBRARY SYSTEMS AIM TO IMPROVE THE EDUCATIONAL LEVEL OF THE PEOPLE IN ALL SUBJECTS, TO PROVIDE SOUND COMMUNIST TRAINING AND TO SUPPORT THE FURTHER GROWTH OF SOCIALIST SOCIETY. THE EDUCATION AND TRAINING OF LIBRARIANS MUST, THEREFORE, BE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THESE OBJECTIVES. THE LIBRARIAN HAS A RESPONSIBILITY TO SOCIETY TO PROVIDE FOR THE GROWING DEMAND FOR LITERATURE AND INFORMATION, TO FURTHER RESEARCH STUDY AND TO SUPPORT SOCIALIST EDUCATION. WHATEVER BRANCH OF LIBRARY WORK THE STUDENT WILL EVENTUALLY BE INVOLVED IN, TRAINING SHOULD NOT BE RESTRICTED TO LEARNING FACTS AND LIBRARY METHODOLOGY TECHNIQUES BUT SHOULD ALSO PROVIDE A FLEXIBLE TRAINING IN THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF LIBRARY WORK. A LIBRARIAN SHOULD BE ABLE TO RELATE HIS PARTICULAR SOCIAL ROLE IN HIS BRANCH OF LIBRARY WORK TO THE SOCIALIST LIBRARY SYSTEM AS A WHOLE. ******************************************** Document 4064 TAKING THE LIBRARY OUT OF LIBRARY EDUCATION. LACK OF STATUS IS AN OLD PROBLEM FOR LIBRARIANS, BUT ADOPTING THE NAME OF INFORMATION MANAGER AND SWITCHING TO INDUSTRY DOES NOT APPEAR TO BE A SOLUTION. SUGGESTS THAT EXTENDING LIBRARY EDUCATION PROGRAMMES TO 2 YEARS MAY HELP US LIBRARY SCHOOLS TO SURVIVE. DISCUSSES PROBLEMS IN THE RELEVANCE OF CURRICULA AND MORAL VALUES OF THE PROFESSION WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES. ******************************************** Document 4065 LIBRARY EDUCATION STATISTICAL REPORT 1980. THIS REPORT, THE 1ST IN A SERIES OF ANNUAL STATISTICAL SURVEYS, IS DESIGNED TO PRESENT STATISTICAL INFORMATION ABOUT LIBRARY EDUCATION IN THE USA AND CANADA. THE REPORT IS DIVIDED INTO 5 SECTIONS' FACULTY, BY RUSSELL E. BIDLACK; STUDENTS, BY CAROL L. LEARMONT; INCOME AND EXPENDITURES, BY JAMES KRIKELAS; CURRICULUM, BY ELSPETH POPE; CONTINUING EDUCATION, BY TIMOTHY W. SINEATH. ******************************************** Document 4066 TRAINING OF LIBRARY STAFF IN THE SOUTH PACIFIC. A REVIEW OF PROFESSIONAL AND NON-PROFESSIONAL TRAINING FOR LIBRARIANSHIP IN THE SOUTH PACIFIC WITH EMPHASIS ON PAPUA NEW GUINEA AND FIJI. INCLUDES SECTIONS ON FOREIGN AID, LIBRARY COOPERATION AND SCHOOL LIBRARIES. ******************************************** Document 4067 LIBRARY EDUCATION, TRAINING AND CERTIFICATION IN HAWAII. DESCRIBES THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF LIBRARY STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AND EDUCATIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR POSITIONS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AND IN STATE AND PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN HAWAII. ALSO BRIEFLY LOOKS AT THE SCHOOL LIBRARY SPECIALIST CERTIFICATE, A 2-YEAR LIBRARY TECHNICIAN COURSE, EXPERIENCE REQUIREMENTS FOR LIBRARY ASSISTANTS AND CONTINUING EDUCATION. ******************************************** Document 4068 YEARS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LIBRARY SCIENCE (1956-81).WOR K DONE BY THE DEPARTMENT IS REVIEWED, INFORMATION CONCERNING THE FACULTY MEMBERS IS GIVEN BRIEFLY AND A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF PUBLICATIONS PRODUCED BY THE DEPARTMENT IS PRESENTED. ******************************************** Document 4069 SCHOOL ENTRANCE REQUIREMENTS AND THE TIMING OF LIBRARY EDUCATION IN THE SOUTH PACIFIC...A FEW THOUGHTS. PAPER PRESENTED AT A UNESCO/IFLA PRE-CONFERENCE SEMINAR ON LIBRARY EDUCATION, MANILA 80. CONSIDERS SCHOOL ENTRANCE REQUIREMENTS AND THE TIMING OF EDUCATION WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF LIBRARY EDUCATION PROGRAMMES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, PARTICULARLY THE SOUTH PACIFIC AND OCEANIA. ******************************************** Document 4070 LIBRARIANSHIP WILL BE MY VOCATION. DISCUSSES LIBRARIANSHIP EDUCATION ON SECONDARY SCHOOL LEVEL. THE 1ST PART IS AN ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF AN ENQUIRY, CARRIED OUT AMONG 4TH YEAR STUDENTS OF ONE OF THESE SCHOOLS, AS TO STUDENTS' MOTIVATION, INFORMATION PROVIDED TO THEM ON WHICH THEY BASED THEIR DECISION TO SELECT THIS VOCATION, WHICH BRANCH OF LIBRARIANSHIP THEY ARE INTERESTED IN, AND HOW THEY ASSESS THEIR 4 YEAR COURSE. THE NEXT PART DEALS WITH PRACTICAL WORK IN LIBRARIES IN WHICH THE 4TH YEAR STUDENTS TAKE PART. THE COURSE IS COMPLETED BY FINAL EXAMINATIONS WHICH COUNT AS EQUIVALENT TO FINAL EXAMS AT AN ORDINARY SECONDARY SCHOOL. ******************************************** Document 4071 SOME COMMENTS ON THE CURRICULUM OF THE BASIC BRANCH OF STUDY-LIBRARY SCIENCE, INTRAMURAL STUDY. THE INTRAMURAL COURSE OF STUDY AT THE HUMBOLDT UNIVERSITY IN BERLIN LEADING TO A DEGREE IN LIBRARY SCIENCE PROVIDES FUTURE LIBRARIANS WITH SCIENTIFICALLY BASED KNOWLEDGE AND GOOD PRACTICAL CAREER TRAINING. A STUDENT FOLLOWS COURSES IN SUBJECTS RELATED TO LIBRARY SCIENCE, MARXISM AND LENINISM, AND FOREIGN LANGUAGES, RUSSIAN, ENGLISH AND FRENCH. SEVERAL PRACTICAL WORK PERIODS SPENT IN DIFFERENT PUBLIC AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES MAKE UP PART OF THE COURSE. LIBRARIAN STUDENTS ALSO ATTEND COURSES IN SUBJECTS SUCH AS INFORMATION SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND MODERN MEDIA TO ENABLE THEM TO FOLLOW FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS IN THESE FIELDS AFFECTING THE LIBRARY SYSTEM. THE COURSE OF STUDY LASTS 8 TERMS, THE LAST OF WHICH IS SPENT IN A LIBRARY DOING PRACTICAL WORK AND RESEARCHING FOR A THESIS FOR THE FINAL EXAMINATION. THE TITLE AWARDED TO LIBRARIANS ON PASSING THE FINALS IS DIPLOMBIBLIOTHEKAR (DIPLOMA LIBRARIAN). THE CO URSE ALSO TRIES TO STIMULATE STUDENTS TO INDEPENDENT STUDY WHILE AT UNIVERSITY AND TO EXPAND THEIR KNOWLEDGE CONTINUOUSLY IN THEIR FUTURE CAREERS. ******************************************** Document 4072 TEACHING LIBRARY SCIENCE. THE UNIVERSITY OF COLOGNE PROGRAMME. TRANSLATION OF A PAPER PRESENTED AT A 1980 SEMINAR IN WARSAW BY THE PROFESSOR OF LIBRARY SCIENCE AT COLOGNE, THE 1ST GERMAN UNIVERSITY TO INCORPORATE A SPECIFIC PROGRAMME OF STUDY FOR THE SUBJECT INTO ITS CURRICULA. FOR THE PURPOSE OF INSTRUCTION, THE FIELD OF LIBRARY SCIENCE IS DIVIDED INTO 5 COMPONENTS' LIBRARY THEORY, GENERAL LIBRARIANSHIP, LIBRARY TECHNOLOGY, LIBRARY HISTORY, AND FORMS OF PUBLICATION AND MATERIALS USED FOR PUBLISHING. THE CONTENT AND STRUCTURAL SUBDIVISIONS OF THESE AREAS ARE DELINEATED, AND DETAILS GIVEN OF THE VARIOUS DEGREES AND ELECTIVE PROGRAMMES OFFERED, TOGETHER WITH THE CORRESPONDING UNIVERSITY REGULATIONS. THE PROGRAMME IS SUGGESTED AS A MODEL FOR LIBRARY SCIENCE TEACHING IN GERMANY AND OTHER COUNTRIES. FOR COMPARISON THE FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENTS COMPRISING THE BASIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PROGRAMME AT THE UNIVERSITY OF LOS ANGELES ARE APPENDED. ******************************************** Document 4073 ON SOME THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF THE SUBJECT BIBLIOGRAPHY WITHIN THE INTRAMURAL COURSE OF STUDY IN LIBRARY SCIENCE. SUBJECT BIBLIOGRAPHY IS DIVIDED INTO 7 THEMATIC GROUPS' THEORETICAL FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF BIBLIOGRAPHY; ORGANISATION OF BIBLIOGRAPHICAL LITERATURE INFORMATION AND METHODS OF BIBLIOGRAPHICAL ACTIVITY; HISTORIC DEVELOPMENT OF BIBLIOGRAPHY; PRESENT LEVEL OF GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY; PRESENT LEVEL OF SCIENTIFIC BIBLIOGRAPHY; PRESENT LEVEL OF RECOMMENDATORY BIBLIOGRAPHY IN EAST GERMANY AND USSR; AND THE BIBLIOGRAPHY OF BIBLIOGRAPHY. THESE 7 THEMES ARE CLOSELY LINKED AND INTERSECT IN MANY AREAS ESPECIALLY IN THE CASE OF THE BIBLIOGRAPHY OF BIBLIOGRAPHY, WHICH OFTEN ACCOMPANIES OTHER THEMES. THE COURSE IN BIBLIOGRAPHY IS A BALANCED MIXTURE OF THEORY AND PRACTICE. IT IS IMPORTANT THAT STUDENTS SHOULD BE EDUCATED TO THE ADVANCED LEVEL OF BIBLIOGRAPHY AS IT EXISTS IN EAST GERMANY AND USSR. THE TIME ALLOTTED TO THE COURSE IS NOT ADEQUATE AND STUDENTS HAVE TO STUDY INDEPENDEN TLY WHICH REQUIRES A GOOD KNOWLEDGE OF LANGUAGES AS MUCH OF THE COURSE LITERATURE IS IN RUSSIAN AND ENGLISH. ******************************************** Document 4074 SUMMARY PROCEEDINGS OF A SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATING LIBRARIANS AND INFORMATION SCIENTISTS TO PROVIDE INFORMATION AND LIBRARY SERVICES TO BLIND AND PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED INDIVIDUALS. PAPERS PRESENTED AT A SYMPOSIUM HELD AT SAN FRANCISCO PUBLIC LIBRARY COMMUNICATIONS CENTER, 2-4 JULY 81. 'A HISTORY OF THE NATIONAL LIBRARY SERVICE FOR THE BLIND AND PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED', BY JIM MCGINNIS; 'RESULTS OF AN ATTITUDINAL SURVEY', BY HENRY DEQUIN AND SYLVAI FAIBISOFF; 'INCORPORATING INSTRUCTION FOR THE BLIND AND HANDICAPPED INDIVIDUALS INTO LIBRARY SCHOOL CURRICULUMS', BY GERALD JAHODA; 'LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES FOR HANDICAPPED INDIVIDUALS: THE CURRICULUM AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA', BY HARRY MCCLASKEY; 'INDEPENDENCE FOR DISABLED PERSONS WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF THEIR DISABILITIES', BY ELEANOR BISCOE; 'LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES FOR BLIND AND PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED INDIVIDUALS IN SAN FRANCISCO', BY LESLIE ELDRIDGE; 'A MENU OF SUGGESTIONS TO LIBRARY SCHOOLS THAT COULD ENHANCE THE CAPABILITIES OF NEW PROFESSIONALS TO SERVE DISABLED PEOPLE', BY CARMELA RUBY. ******************************************** Document 4075 ARCHIVAL TRAINING IN EUROPE. OVERVIEW OF ARCHIVAL TRAINING IN EUROPE PRESENTING A FRESH PERSPECTIVE ON US PRACTICE. THE VERY ANTIQUITY OF THE EUROPEAN ARCHIVAL PROFESSION HAS SEEN ITS CONSTANT TRANSFORMATION IN RESPONSE TO CHANGING HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL CONDITIONS. EUROPEANS, MORE THAN AMERICANS, TRADITIONALLY STRESSED THE ARCHIVIST'S DUAL RESPONSIBILITY AS CUSTODIAN AND INTERPRETER OF THE HISTORICAL RECORD. AMERICAN ARCHIVISTS SHOULD NOT SLAVISHLY IMITATE THE PRACTICES OF EUROPEAN COUNTRIES, BUT RATHER GARNER THE INSIGHTS BROADER THAN AN EXCLUSIVELY AMERICAN-ORIENTED DISCUSSION CAN PROVIDE. ******************************************** Document 4076 TEACHING THE USE OF INFORMATION RESOURCES (TUIR) AND THE SCHOOLS OF LIBRARIANSHIP. REPLIES TO A SHORT QUESTIONNAIRE SENT TO 18 UK LIBRARY SCHOOLS INDICATE THAT MOST INCLUDE SHORT OR LONG UNITS ON TEACHING THE USE OF INFORMATION RESOURCES (TUIR), OR INTEGRATE TUIR INTO BROADER SUBJECT AREAS. NOTES ARGUMENTS FOR AND AGAINST TUIR. THE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT MAY LIE IN THE WIDER AREA OF COOPERATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INDEPENDENT LEARNING SKILLS. ******************************************** Document 4077 WORKSHOP ON NEW TECHNOLOGY AND LIBRARY/INFORMATION SCIENCE EDUCATION, NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE POLYTECHNIC, 13-16 APRIL 1981. SESSIONS COVERED THE ASPECTS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TO BE INCLUDED IN THE SYLLABUS, PRESTEL AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES, STAFF DEVELOPMENT AND COURSE ORGANISATION AND EXPECTATIONS OF THE LIBRARY PROFESSION. REVIEWS THE WORK OF THE MICROELECTRONICS EDUCATION PROGRAMME AND ITS CENTRE IN PROVIDING FOR THE FAMILIARISATION OF SCHOOLCHILDREN WITH COMPUTER TECHNIQUES. ******************************************** Document 4078 THE NEW TEACHING LIBRARY. ARGUES THAT TECHNICAL SERVICES HAVE BECOME THE PIVOT OF CHANGE IN US LIBRARIES, AND THAT BECAUSE OF THIS, A NEW LEVEL OF LIBRARY EDUCATION IN TECHNICAL SERVICES AND BIBLIOGRAPHICAL CONTROL IS URGENTLY NEEDED. SUGGESTS A NEW APPROACH TO TEACHING WHICH WOULD INVOLVE' THE DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHING LIBRARIES; THE MERGER OF LIBRARY AND LIBRARY SCHOOL ORGANISATION; AND THE NURTURING OF REALISTIC, GOAL ORIENTATED RESEARCH IN A PRACTICAL SETTING. ******************************************** Document 4079 IMPORTANT POINTS OF LIBRARY SCIENCE TRAINING IN THE FIELD OF COLLECTION SCIENCE. COLLECTION SCIENCE FORMS PART OF THE SUBJECT GROUP COLLECTIONS/CATALOGUES IN THE STUDY COURSE OF LIBRARY SCIENCE AT THE HUMBOLDT UNIVERSITY IN BERLIN. THE SUBJECT GROUP IS STUDIED IN THE 2ND YEAR AND ORAL EXAMINATIONS IN THESE SUBJECTS TAKE PLACE AT THE END OF THE 4TH AND 6TH SEMESTER. COLLECTION SCIENCE PROVIDES KNOWLEDGE CONCERNING LIBRARY COLLECTIONS, THEIR ORGANISATION AND MAINTENANCE. THE MAIN SUBJECT DIVISIONS ARE' HISTORY OF COLLECTIONS; THEORY OF COLLECTIONS; ACQUISITION OF COLLECTIONS; REVISION OF COLLECTIONS; AND CARE AND MAINTENANCE OF COLLECTIONS. THE HISTORY OF COLLECTIONS CONCENTRATES ON GERMAN LIBRARY HISTORY FROM THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY THEN WORLD WAR II AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF COLLECTION ACQUISITION IN EAST GERMANY UP TO THE PRESENT. THE CENTRAL SUBJECT OF THE COURSE IS COLLECTION ACQUISITION. STUDENTS STUDY IN DEPTH THE BASIC ACQUISITION PRINCIPLES OF TYPICAL LIBRARIES IN EAST GERMANY' A UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, A CENTRAL SCIENCE LIBRARY, A DISTRICT RESEARCH LIBRARY, A TOWN AND DISTRICT PUBLIC LIBRARY AND A TRADE UNION LIBRARY. ******************************************** Document 4080 FURNISHING INTRAMURAL STUDENTS WITH KNOWLEDGE, QUALIFICATIONS AND SKILLS IN THE FIELD OF SUBJECT CATALOGUING. LIBRARY CLASSIFICATION REPRESENTS THE FOUNDATION OF SYSTEMATIC CATALOGUES AND PLAYS AN IMPORTANT PART IN SUBJECT CATALOGUING. ITS FORM RELATING TO CONTENT AND IDEOLOGY DEPENDS ON THE LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE SCIENCES AND SOCIETY WHICH IT REFLECTS. IT IS NECESSARY TO STUDY IT FROM AN HISTORICAL POINT OF VIEW. THROUGH STUDYING THE SUBJECTS LIBRARY CLASSIFICATION AND SUBJECT CATALOGUING STUDENTS ARE ENABLED TO UNDERSTAND THE METHODOLOGICAL BASIS OF LIBRARY CLASSIFICATION AND TO EVALUATE IT FROM A MARXIST-LENINIST POINT OF VIEW. THIS IS ALSO RELEVANT IN THE CASE OF TERMINOLOGY FOR A SUBJECT CATALOGUE OR A THESAURUS. STUDENTS ARE INFORMED ABOUT ALL ASPECTS OF SUBJECT CATALOGUING AND FOLLOW THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIBRARY CLASSIFICATION FROM THE END OF THE 15TH CENTURY TO THE PRESENT SITUATION IN EAST GERMANY. THEY ARE MADE AWARE OF THE NEED TO INVOLVE THEMSELVES IN THE PRESENT AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF LIBRARY CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS IN EAST GERMANY. ******************************************** Document 4081 SELECTING AND PROMOTING INFORMATION NETWORKS CURRICULUM AND KEY WORKS. REPORTS A STUDY THAT RESULTED IN A CURRICULUM PARADIGM AND A 31-ITEM LIST OF KEY SUPPORTING LITERATURE FOR A 1ST GRADUATE COURSE IN INFORMATION NETWORKS. THE ASSUMPTION UNDERLYING THE STUDY WAS THAT THERE IS A SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CURRICULUM GOALS AND KEY LITERATURE. THE PARADIGM AND LIST WERE DEVELOPED EMPLOYING THE HEURISTIC METHOD, A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE SEARCH, SELECTED TEACHING STRATEGIES, AND OBSERVATIONS OF STUDENT RESPONSES. ******************************************** Document 4082 SURVEY OF ONLINE SEARCHING INSTRUCTION IN SCHOOLS OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE. SUMMARISES THE RESULTS OF A SURVEY OF ON-LINE SEARCHING EDUCATION AND TRAINING PRACTICES IN AMERICAN SCHOOLS OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE. THE MAJOR OBJECTIVE OF THE SURVEY WAS TO OBTAIN INFORMATION CONCERNING COURSES THAT COVERED THE USE OF ON-LINE TECHNICAL PROCESSING SYSTEMS FOR REFERENCE SERVICES, COURSE CONTENT AND OTHER CHARACTERISTICS OF CONSCIOUSNESS RAISING INSTRUCTION AS WELL AS ADVANCED INSTRUCTION, CONTINUING EDUCATION, PHYSICAL FACILITIES, AND OPINIONS OF FACULTY REGARDING THE FUTURE OF INSTRUCTION IN ON-LINE SEARCHING. ******************************************** Document 4083 SOUND RECORDINGS AS SOURCES OF MUSICAL HISTORY. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE IAML ANNUAL CONFERENCE, 1-7 JULY 79, SALZBURG. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE ON ANALOGIC RECORDING OF ACOUSTICAL PHENOMENA FROM EDISON'S PHONOGRAPH TO MODERN HI-FI EQUIPMENT. ONLY THOSE SOURCES WHICH OFFER A RECORDING OF REAL SOUND HAVE THE SAME HISTORICAL STATUS AS WRITTEN OR PRINTED SOURCES. AS SUCH, THE EDUCATION OF MUSIC HISTORIANS AND MUSIC LIBRARIANS SHOULD INCLUDE THE SCHOLARLY STUDY AND EVALUATION OF RECORDINGS, SO THAT STUDENTS MAY LEARN HOW TO DATE RECORDS. ACOUSTICAL KNOWLEDGE OF THE PRODUCTION, TRANSMISSION AND RECORDING OF SOUND IS INDISPENSABLE KNOWLEDGE FOR THE MUSICOLOGIST WHO DOES NOT WISH TO IGNORE MUSIC'S MOST IMPORTANT RECENT SOURCES-RECORDINGS. ******************************************** Document 4084 ON THE LATER EMPLOYMENT POSSIBILITIES OF GRADUATE LIBRARIANS IN A UNIVERSITY LIBRARY. OWING TO THE FURTHER EXPANSION IN EAST GERMANY OF STANDARDISED UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES CONSISTING OF A CENTRAL LIBRARY AND BRANCHES IN UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENTS, NEW PROBLEMS HAVE ARISEN IN THE LAST 10 YEARS CONCERNING THE ORGANISATION, DIRECTION AND PLANNING OF LIBRARY PROCEDURE CORRESPONDING TO THE EXTENDED FUNCTIONS AND DIMENSIONS OF THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY. THE INSTITUTE OF LIBRARY SCIENCE SHOULD ENSURE THAT GRADUATE LIBRARIANS RECEIVE APPROPRIATE TRAINING TO ALLOW THEM TO COPE WITH THE WORK DEMANDED OF THEM AT UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES. THIS WILL INCLUDE' ALL TYPES OF BOOK PROCESSING; WORK WITH USERS; PUBLICISING LIBRARY STOCK, ESPECIALLY CULTURAL HERITAGE COLLECTIONS; ACTIVITY IN HALLS OF RESIDENCE LIBRARIES; COORDINATING WORK BETWEEN DIFFERENT SECTIONS OF THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY; LIBRARY TECHNOLOGY; STORAGE AND MAINTENANCE. LIBRARY GRADUATES SHOULD BE CAPABLE OF UNDERSTANDING THE THEORETICAL CONTENT OF PRACTICA L PROBLEMS AND FINDING SOLUTIONS TO THEM WHICH CAN BE CARRIED OUT IN PRACTICE. ******************************************** Document 4085 CERTIFICATE IN LIBRARIANSHIP (USP). PAPER PRESENTED TO THE FIJI LIBRARY ASSOCIATION AT THE 'MINI CONVENTION', WESTERN REGIONAL LIBRARY, LAUTOKA, FIJI, 29 NOV 80. BRIEFLY DESCRIBES THE HISTORY OF THE CERTIFICATE IN LIBRARIANSHIP COURSES FOR LIBRARY ASSISTANTS RUN BY THE UNIVERSITY OF THE SOUTH PACIFIC. LOOKS AT FUNDING FROM FOREIGN AGENCIES AND ASSISTANCE WITH TRAINING AS WELL AS THE ROLE OF THE FIJI LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. ******************************************** Document 4086 A SURVEY-QUEBEC LIBRARY HISTORY. AN OUTLINE OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIBRARIES IN QUEBEC IN 3 SECTIONS' THE FRENCH REGIME 1608-1760; THE BRITISH REGIME 1760-1867; AND CONFEDERATION 1867-1981. ******************************************** Document 4087 AMERICAN LIBRARIANSHIP' LESSONS FOR US IN THE SOUTH PACIFIC. PART OF A REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE LEAVE COMMITTEE, UNIVERSITY OF THE SOUTH PACIFIC AND TO THE ASIA FOUNDATION WHO FINANCED AND ORGANISED A 10-WEEK STUDY TOUR OF US LIBRARIES 30 APR-22 JULY 80. DISCUSSES FINDINGS FROM THE TOUR THAT HAVE RELEVANCE TO THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF THE SOUTH PACIFIC, PARTICULARLY COOPERATION-RESOURCE-SHARING AND NETWORKING. ******************************************** Document 4088 THE CABINETS DE LECTURE IN PARIS, 1800-1850. PAPER PRESENTED AT LIBRARY HISTORY SEMINAR VI 'LIBRARIES & CULTURE', AUSTIN, TEXAS, 19-22 MAR 80. EXAMINES THE ROLE OF CABINETS DE LECTURE IN THE EARLY DEVELOPMENT AND DIFFUSION OF THE NEW POPULAR LITERATURE IN PARIS FROM 1800 TO 1850. THE CABINETS WERE ESSENTIALLY BOOK RENTAL SHOPS, LENDING BOOKS FOR A SHORT PERIOD FOR A SMALL FEE. DESCRIBES THE HISTORICAL FUNCTION OF THE CABINETS, AND ARGUES THAT PARISIAN LENDING LIBRARIES FACILITATED THE EARLY STAGES OF AN URBAN CULTURAL REVOLUTION. ******************************************** Document 4089 DIRECTORY OF ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION CENTERS IN THE METROPOLITAN WASHINGTON, D.C. AREA. THE DIRECTORY HAS BEEN COMPILED BY THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT INFORMATION OF THE COMMITTEE ON INFORMATION HANG-UPS. RECOGNISING THE LACK OF INFORMATION ON LOCAL LIBRARIES HAVING AN INTEREST IN ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT, THE SUBCOMMITTEE INITIATED THE PROJECT TO FOSTER COOPERATION AND INTERLIBRARY LOAN. DETAILED INFORMATION ON THE RESOURCES, SERVICES AND POLICIES OF EACH LIBRARY AND INFORMATION CENTRE HAS BEEN PROVIDED TO MEET THIS GOAL. ******************************************** Document 4090 ART LIBRARY ASSOCIATIONS WORLDWIDE' THEIR HISTORY AND FUTURE. THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE ART LIBRARIAN TO HIS COMMUNITY AND TO DEFEATING CULTURAL ELITISM IN ART LIBRARIES IS DISCUSSED WITH SPECIAL ATTENTION TO THE PLACE OF ART LIBRARIES IN THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES. AFTER THE EVOLUTION AND PROPAGATION OF MAJOR NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL ART LIBRARY ASSOCIATIONS ARE TRACED, THE TASKS OF THESE ASSOCIATIONS IN PROMOTING, CREATING, AND PRESERVING ARTISTIC TRADITIONS OF THE INDIVIDUAL AREAS IN THE SPIRIT OF CREATIVE INTERNATIONALISM ARE OUTLINED. ******************************************** Document 4091 THE PRESENT LOCATION OF LIBRARIES LISTED IN ROBERT EITNER'S 2BIOGRAPHISCH-BIBLIOGRAPHISCHES QUELLEN-LEXIKON. A CHART PRESENTS MUSIC LIBRARIES AND PRIVATE COLLECTIONS LISTED IN 2BIOGRAPHISCH-BIBLIOGRAPHISCHES QUELLEN-LEXIKON 1TOGETHER WITH THE CORRESPONDING PRESENT LOCATION. CHANGES IN PLACE NAMES AND INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES ARE TAKEN INTO CONSIDERATION. ******************************************** Document 4092 SECTION DEVOTED TO THE IAML ANNUAL CONFERENCE, 1-7 JULY 79, SALZBURG).F OR ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS AND PROCEEDINGS FROM THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF MUSIC LIBRARIES CONFERENCE, 2SEE 1THE FOLLOWING SERIAL NUMBERS'. ******************************************** Document 4093 SECTION DEVOTED TO THE IAML COUNCIL MEETINGS, 31 JUNE-6 JULY 79).C ONTRIBUTION TO A SECTION DEVOTED TO THE IAML ANNUAL CONFERENCE, 1-7 JULY 79, SALZBURG. SUMMARISES THE 2 COUNCIL SESSIONS, WITH DETAILS OF THE GENERAL SECRETARY'S REPORT, IAML AND IFLA, AND VARIOUS IAML ACTIVITIES. A LIST OF PARTICIPANTS IN THE SESSIONS IS GIVEN. ******************************************** Document 4094 YEARS IN THE UNITED NATIONS LIBRARY IN NEW YORK.IN A PERSONAL ACCOUNT OF HER 8 YEARS (1970-78) AS THE DIRECTOR OF THE UNITED NATIONS DAG HAMMARSKJOLD LIBRARY IN NEW YORK, N.I. TYULINA WRITES ABOUT HER EXPERIENCES WITH THE ADMINISTRATION OF 170 STAFF FROM 30 COUNTRIES, OUTLINES THE LIBRARY'S COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT POLICIES, BIBLIOGRAPHICAL WORK AND THE PROVISION OF BIBLIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SERVICES TO MEMBERS. DESCRIBES THE REORGANISATION OF THE LIBRARY'S STRUCTURE AND THE AUTOMATION PROJECT CARRIED OUT DURING THIS PERIOD. AIMS TO COORDINATE THE BIBLIOGRAPHICAL WORK OF INDIVIDUAL UN SECTIONS RESULTED IN THE ORGANISATION OF 2 MEETINGS, NEW YORK 1976 AND VIENNA 1978 WHICH DISCUSSED THE SETTING UP OF A BIBLIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM AND PROBLEMS CONNECTED WITH IT. CONCLUDES WITH A NOTE ON THE DESIGN OF A SYSTEM FOR THE ACQUISITION, CONSERVATION AND PROCESSING OF ARCHIVAL MATERIALS CONNECTED WITH THE LIBRARY'S HISTORY. ******************************************** Document 4095 THE IAP LIBRARY AT KING ABDULAZIZ INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT. DESCRIBES THE SCOPE AND ACTIVITIES OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS PROJECTS (IAP) OFFICE OF THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE AND AVIATION, SAUDI ARABIA. THE IAP LIBRARY HAS FAVOURED THE APPLICATION OF TECHNOLOGY-INTENSIVE TECHNIQUES, INCLUDING THE DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPUTERISED LIBRARY ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM WHICH MAKES USE OF UK AND LC MARC TAPES. FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS MAY INCLUDE INTERFACING WITH A COMPUTER-INDEXED AUTOMATED MICROFICHE RETRIEVAL SYSTEM. SUGGESTS THAT LIBRARY AND INFORMATION PROVISION IN SAUDI ARABIA MAY BE ENTERING A PERIOD OF RAPID EXPANSION. ******************************************** Document 4096 LIBRARY HANDBOOK. THE PURPOSE OF THIS PUBLICATION IS TO DESCRIBE THE RESOURCES OF THE U.S. ARMY INFANTRY SCHOOL LIBRARY. ******************************************** Document 4097 CURRENT AFFAIRS INFORMATION FOR THE MEDIA. PAPER PRESENTED AT AN ASLIB CONFERENCE, CURRENT AFFAIRS' INFORMATION AND RESOURCES, LONDON, 4 JUNE 81. DESCRIBES THE STOCK AND INFORMATION PROCESSING IN MEDIA LIBRARIES, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE BRITISH BROADCASTING CORPORATION (BBC) LIBRARIES. SHOWS HOW THESE UNITS DIFFER FROM OTHER TYPES OF LIBRARY AND OUTLINES THE VALUE OF MICROFILMING OLDER MATERIAL AND THE USE OF COMPUTERISED DATA BASES. AS INFORMATION IS OFTEN NEEDED IN A HURRY, IT WILL BE HELPFUL TO DEVELOP FULL-TEXT DATA BANKS FOR NEWS IN THE FUTURE. CONCLUDES WITH EXAMPLES OF REFERENCE JOBS DONE TO SUPPORT PARTICULAR BBC PROGRAMMES. ******************************************** Document 4098 THE BIBLIOTHEQUE NATIONALE. A REPORT PREPARED FOR THE 1981 ASSOCIATION DES BIBLIOTHECAIRES FRANCAIS (ABF) CONFERENCE, DOCUMENTING THE NEED TO IMPROVE SERVICES. A STATISTICAL ACCOUNT IS GIVEN OF BIBLIOTHEQUE NATIONALE (BN) COLLECTIONS AND SERVICES; ITS ROLE AS A NATIONAL INSTITUTION IS DESCRIBED, WITH REFERENCE TO THE OPERATION OF COOPERATIVE PROGRAMMES IN ACQUISITION, CONSERVATION, INFORMATION AND DOCUMENT PROVISION, TRAINING AND RESEARCH; AND ITS IMPORTANCE AT INTERNATIONAL LEVEL EMPHASISED. BN REQUIREMENTS TO MAINTAIN SERVICES ARE THEN ELABORATED, DETAILING SPECIFIC NEEDS AS REGARDS FINANCIAL PROVISION FOR ACQUISITION AND CONSERVATION, THE MAINTENANCE OF THE NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY, AUTOMATION OF SERVICES, ESTABLISHMENT OF PROVINCIAL ANNEXES, AND PERSONNEL TRAINING AND ALLOCATION. IN CONCLUSION THE ROLE OF THE BN AS PART OF A UNIFIED LIBRARY SERVICE IS BRIEFLY DEFINED. ******************************************** Document 4099 OUR MAIN TASK. THE GOSUDARSTVENNAYA BIBLIOTEKA SSSR IMENI V.I. LENINA, (V.I. LENIN STATE LIBRARY, USSR), (LSL), PLANS AN IMPROVED SERVICE THROUGH UTILISING LEARNED LIBRARIES' RESOURCES. LSL'S SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL REFERENCE SERVICE UNDERTAKES 130,000 BIBLIOGRAPHIC ENQUIRIES ANNUALLY. A CATALOGUE OF PREREVOLUTIONARY RUSSIAN NEWSPAPERS IN LSL STOCKS, 1702-1916 AND 1917-1922, IS UNDERWAY, ALSO 3 UNION CATALOGUES OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC MAPS. LSL IS WORKING ON' LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT IN THE NEW 5-YEAR-PLAN; RATIONAL DISTRIBUTION AND EXPLOITATION OF USSR LIBRARY RESOURCES; READING AND BOOK-DEMAND IN USSR PUBLIC LIBRARIES; 'THE SOVIET WORKER AS READER'; LIBRARY COMPUTERISATION; LIBRARY STOCK-FORMATION; THE 'SIBERIAN AND FAR EASTERN LIBRARY AID PROGRAMME'. LSL AND CPB IMENI M.E. SALTYKOVA-SHCHEDRINA, (M.E. SALTYKOV-SHCHEDRIN STATE PUBLIC LIBRARY) HAVE ALSO BEGUN A STUDY OF STATE, REPUBLIC AND PROVINCIAL LIBRARIES. ******************************************** Document 4100 THE CENTRAL SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL LIBRARY OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF BULGARIA. THE LIBRARY IS THE MAIN SPECIALISED SCIENTIFIC LIBRARY IN BULGARIA IN THE FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY AND NATIONAL ECONOMY AND IS THE COORDINATING CENTRE FOR ALL SCIENTIFIC/TECHNICAL LIBRARIES IN THE COUNTRY. THE LIBRARY AND ITS ACTIVITIES ARE DESCRIBED BRIEFLY. ******************************************** Document 4101 SCHOOL LIBRARY-PUBLIC LIBRARY. REPORT OF A LECTURE GIVEN TO THE ANNUAL MEETING OF DENMARK'S SCHOOL LIBRARY ASSOCIATION, 1981 BY PETER SEEBERG. THE HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF SCHOOL AND PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN DENMARK IS REVIEWED AND DOUBTS ARE CAST ON THE GENUINENESS OF OFFICIAL DANISH LIBERALISM IN RELATION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF AND ATTITUDE TO LIBRARIES. SCHOOLS AND LIBRARIES ORIGINATED FROM 2 ENTIRELY DIFFERENT CONCEPTS' IN SCHOOLS CHILDREN HAD OTHERS TO THINK FOR THEM; LIBRARIES IN DENMARK AROSE FROM THE LATE 19TH CENTURY IDEA OF CULTURE FOR ALL AND ACCESS FOR ALL TO EVERYTHING THERE WAS TO KNOW. BY THE 1930S LIBRARIES HAD BECOME INSTIGATORS OF CULTURE, WITH LECTURES AS WELL AS BOOKS AVAILABLE, AND WERE REGARDED AS PROGRESSIVE IN ALL ITS MEANINGS. THIS IS STILL THE AIM OF LIBRARIES TODAY, BUT SCHOOLS AND LIBRARIES HAVE ALWAYS BELONGED TOGETHER AND INTEGRATION OF THE 2 IS PERFECTLY REASONABLE. ******************************************** Document 4102 PUBLIC LIBRARY POLICY. PROCEEDINGS OF THE IFLA/UNESCO PRE-SESSION SEMINAR, LUND, SWEDEN, 20-24 AUG 79, COMPRISING THE FOLLOWING PAPERS' LIBRARY POLICY IN A COMMUNITY WITH A POPULATION REGRESSION CAUSED BY DIMINISHING INDUSTRY, BY ANNA-MARIA KYLBERG; THE PUBLIC LIBRARY IN A CHANGING SOCIETY' THE AFRICAN EXPERIENCE, BY E.E. KAUNGAMNO; PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN A CHANGING SOCIETY, BY BARRY TOTTERDELL; THE BUMS SYSTEM IN SWEDEN, BY GORAN ROSMAN; THE MUTUAL INFLUENCE OF INFORMATION, EDUCATION AND RECREATION IN PUBLIC LIBRARY WORK, BY ISTVAN PAPP; THE PUBLIC LIBRARY AS PART OF THE EDUCATIONAL AND LITERACY PROGRAMME FOR ADULTS, BY JANE HALE MORGAN; THE PUBLIC LIBRARY AS PART OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMMES FOR CHILDREN, BY MARGARET DUNKLE; THE PUBLIC LIBRARY AS PART OF THE NATIONAL INFORMATION SYSTEM, BY HEDWIG ANUAR; PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN DENMARK' THEIR USERS AND NON-USERS, BY P.H. KUHL; USER RESEARCH AS AN INSTRUMENT TO MEASURE THE POLICY OF THE PUBLIC LIBRARY, BY R.A.C. BRUYNS; THE ORGANISATION OF LIBRARY SERVICE IN A MULTI-NATIONAL STATE, BY E.R. SUKIASIAN; AND LIBRARY SERVICE TO ETHNIC AND LINGUISTIC MINORITIES, BY JES PETERSEN. ******************************************** Document 4103 PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICE POINTS IN SOMERSET. AN APPRAISAL REPORT TO THE LIBRARIES, MUSEUMS AND RECORDS COMMITTEE OF SOMERSET COUNTY COUNCIL GIVING A DETAILED SURVEY, WITH MAPS AND STATISTICS OF PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICE POINTS IN SOMERSET. ******************************************** Document 4104 PUBLIC LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT. STATISTICS ON PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN EAST GERMANY FOR 1976-80 REVEAL INCREASES IN STOCKS, LOANS AND USERS. IN 1980 STOCKS TOTALLED OVER 36 MILLION ITEMS, LOANS OVER 79 MILLION AND READERS OVER 3 MILLION. DEVELOPMENT HAS BEEN SLIGHTLY SLOWER THAN DURING THE PREVIOUS 5 YEARS, PARTLY BECAUSE A HIGH STANDARD HAD ALREADY BEEN REACHED AND PARTLY BECAUSE MORE ORGANISATIONAL IMPROVEMENTS WERE REQUIRED. PLANS FOR STOCK EXPANSION HAVE GONE AHEAD BECAUSE THE STATE PUBLISHING INDUSTRY'S PRODUCTION FIGURES HAVE INCREASED. THE PLANNED TOTAL STOCK EXPANSION FIGURE HAS BEEN EXCEEDED AND EFFORTS WERE MADE TO KEEP STOCKS UP TO DATE. TOTAL LIBRARY EXPENDITURE IN 1980 WAS 111,642,600 M, REFLECTING CONTINUAL INCREASES IN EXPENDITURE. ******************************************** Document 4105 PUBLIC READING IN FRANCE. A REPORT PREPARED FOR THE 1981 ASSOCIATION DES BIBLIOTHECAIRES FRANCAIS (ABF) CONFERENCE, DOCUMENTING THE NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICES. A PRELIMINARY SURVEY GIVES STATISTICAL DETAILS OF RESOURCES AND OPERATIONS AS AT OCT 80 FOR ALL CLASSES OF FRENCH PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICES, MUNICIPAL AND CENTRAL. EXISTING RESOURCES ARE SHOWN TO BE TOTALLY INADEQUATE TO MEET USER DEMANDS. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF ESSENTIAL MEASURES TO REMEDY THE SITUATION, COVERING' (1) IMMEDIATE INCREASE IN FINANCIAL PROVISION; (2) EXPANSION OF SERVICES OVER THE NEXT 5 YEARS; AND (3) LEGAL REFORMS REGARDING NATIONAL AND REGIONAL NETWORKS, PERSONNEL PROVISION, AND USER PARTICIPATION. 3 CONFERENCE MOTIONS ARE APPENDED, SETTING OUT THE NEEDS OF HOSPITAL AND PRIVATE LIBRARY SERVICES, AND OPPOSING THE IMPOSITION OF CHARGES FOR LIBRARY SERVICES. ******************************************** Document 4106 READING AND PUBLIC LIBRARIES'. CONFERENCE AT HENIN-BEAUMONT, FRANCE, 20-21 NOVEMBER 1981.R EPORT OF THE CONFERENCE LECTURE ET BIBLIOTHEQUES PUBLIQUES (READING AND PUBLIC LIBRARIES) ORGANISED FOR THE NORD-PAS-DE-CALAIS REGION OF FRANCE, SUMMARISING THE PRESENTATIONS AND DISCUSSION ENGENDERED AT ALL 6 SESSIONS. THE TOPICS COVERED WERE' THE STATE OF THE PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN THE REGION, WITH DETAILS OF PARTICULAR CENTRES OF EXCELLENCE AND INADEQUACIES OF SERVICE; THE ROLE OF THE LIBRARY IN THE COMMUNITY, IN RELATION TO INFORMATION SERVICES, DIFFUSION, NEW MEDIA, YOUNG PEOPLE, AND CULTURAL ACTIVITIES; HOW TO CREATE A PUBLIC LIBRARY NETWORK COVERING BOTH TOWNS AND RURAL AREAS; STRATEGIES FOR ENCOURAGING READING AMONG LESS PRIVILEGED SOCIAL SECTORS; THE DEVELOPMENT OF RESEARCH PROGRAMMES TO INVESTIGATE HOW TO TRAIN READING SPECIALISTS; AND WAYS OF ENCOURAGING AUTHOR PARTICIPATION IN THE PROMOTION OF BOOKS AND READING. ******************************************** Document 4107 RESEARCH IN PROGRESS' STATISTICAL SOURCES OF INFORMATION ON CANADIAN PUBLIC LIBRARIES. DESCRIBES A RESEARCH PROJECT TO IDENTIFY AND EVALUATE VARIOUS SOURCES OF STATISTICAL INFORMATION ON CANADIAN PUBLIC LIBRARIES THAT ARE AVAILABLE TO RESEARCHERS. RESEARCH ON PRE-1921 SOURCES IS COMPLETE AND HAS BEGUN ON THE NEXT TIME PERIODS. EARLY RESULTS WERE PUBLISHED IN THE 1978 STATISTICS CANADA ANNUAL REPORT WHILE RESULTS FROM POST-1921 SOURCES SHOULD BE PUBLISHED IN THE 1979 OR 1980 STATISTICS CANADA ANNUAL REPORT ON PUBLIC LIBRARIES. WORK HAS STARTED ON A LITERATURE REVIEW AIMED AT DEVELOPING A LIST OF SUB-NATIONAL SOURCES TO BE EVALUATED. ******************************************** Document 4108 PHOENIX IN FLIGHT' ONTARIO MECHANICS' INSTITUTES, 1880-1920. DESCRIBES THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PUBLIC LIBRARY MOVEMENT IN ONTARIO 1880-1920 WHICH GREW OUT OF THE MECHANICS' INSTITUTES. OUTLINES THE RELEVANT LEGISLATION AND THE ROLE OF THE INSTITUTES AND LIBRARIES IN ADULT EDUCATION. ******************************************** Document 4109 PUBLIC LIBRARY NEEDS IN THE SOUTH PACIFIC. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE LIBRARY ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA/NEW ZEALAND LIBRARY ASSOCIATION JOINT CONFERENCE, CHRISTCHURCH, NEW ZEALAND, JAN 81. A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN THE SOUTH PACIFIC. DISCUSSES PERSONNEL, FINANCE, MATERIALS, AND TRADITION AND VERNACULAR MATERIALS, ILLITERACY, TECHNOLOGY AND MECHANISATION, AND THE USE OF LIBRARIES AS RESOURCE CENTRES. NIUE, PAPUA NEW GUINEA, FIJI AND WESTERN SAMOA ARE GIVEN EMPHASIS. ******************************************** Document 4110 FRAGMENTS OF A VILLAGE LIBRARIAN'S DIARY: 'POISON' AND ROLLS. DESCRIBES THE LIFE OF A PART-TIME LIBRARIAN IN LOVEL, A VILLAGE WITH A POPULATION OF 1000, OF WHICH 150 ARE SCHOOLCHILDREN, LYING 10 KM FROM THE CITY OF VIBORG, JUTLAND. THE LIBRARY, WHICH BEGAN IN THE MID-60S IN 1 OF THE SCHOOL'S CLASSROOMS, MOVED IN 1979 TO A ROOM OF ITS OWN IN THE NEW SCHOOL. THE LIBRARY IS OPEN FOR AN HOUR TWICE A WEEK. DESCRIBES THE CLOSE CONTACT WITH READERS AND PROBLEMS INVOLVED IN ANSWERING THEIR SOMETIMES UNUSUAL REQUESTS. SERVICES TO THE HOUSEBOUND AND PENSIONERS ARE ARRANGED INFORMALLY AND CARRIED OUT BY NEIGHBOURLY VISITS. RECALLS ARE MAINLY BY WORD OF MOUTH AND DATES ARE NOT STRICTLY ADHERED TO. ******************************************** Document 4111 FOR GREATER EFFICIENCY OF REGIONAL LIBRARY SERVICES. COMPARED WITH 1939, THERE ARE 4 TIMES AS MANY LIBRARIES IN BULGARIA CATERING FOR 32 TIMES AS MANY READERS. BOOK COLLECTIONS-ALMOST 83 MILLION VOLUMES AT PRESENT-HAVE INCREASED 34 TIMES. BULGARIA COMES 5TH IN THE WORLD AS TO THE NUMBER OF BOOKS PER HEAD OF POPULATION. IN SPITE OF THESE ENCOURAGING STATISTICS, THE STATE CONTROL COMMITTEE MADE AN INVESTIGATION RECENTLY INTO THE STRUCTURE, ORGANISATION AND EFFICIENCY OF LIBRARY SERVICES IN 7 REGIONS. THE AVAILABILITY OF PUBLIC, SCHOOL AND TRADE UNION LIBRARIES VARIED GREATLY. INHABITANTS ON SOME OF THE NEW HOUSING ESTATES HAVE BEEN DEPRIVED UP TO NOW OF ANY KIND OF LIBRARY SERVICES. THERE WERE CASES OF HAPHAZARD OPENING AND/OR CLOSING OF LIBRARIES. THERE IS STILL A LACK OF INFORMATION AND REFERENCE SERVICES, SHORTAGES IN CONSISTENT CATALOGUING AND PROPER UPKEEP OF RARITIES, RECOVERY OF OVERDUE BOOKS, AS WELL AS INADEQUATE AUDIO-VISUAL AND REPROGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT. BETTER PLANNING FOR ACQUISITI ONS, AND ALSO MORE CONSIDERATE DISCARDING OF OBSOLETE ITEMS ARE MOST DESIRABLE. THE COMMITTEE'S FINDINGS WILL BE PRESENTED TO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND OTHER RELEVANT BODIES WHOSE MEMBERS HAVE TO TAKE A MUCH MORE ACTIVE INTEREST IN LIBRARIES IN THEIR REGIONS, IN PARTICULAR IN RURAL AREAS. ******************************************** Document 4112 YEARS OF THE PRAGUE MUNICIPAL LIBRARY.STA TEMENT OF PRESENT AND FUTURE TASKS FACING THE PRAGUE MUNICIPAL LIBRARY. THE DEPARTMENT FOR POLITICAL LITERATURE IS TAKING CARE OF FURTHER DEVELOPMENT AND INTENSIFICATION OF READERS SERVICES IN THIS FIELD. ANOTHER IMPORTANT FIELD IS HELP AFFORDED TO SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND NATIONAL ECONOMY. BUT BY FAR THE MOST DIFFICULT PROBLEM IS TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF EXISTING RESOURCES AND SERVICES WITH THE AVAILABLE PERSONNEL AND FINANCE. ******************************************** Document 4113 LIBRARIANSHIP IN HUNGARY, AS EXEMPLIFIED BY SZOMBATHELY. THE TOWN OF SZOMBATHELY HAS A POPULATION OF 85,000. THE CENTRAL AND BRANCH LIBRARIES' ANNUAL BUDGET IS 6.5 MILLION FORINTS, ABOUT A 1/3 OF WHICH IS SPENT ON BOOKS AND OTHER MEDIA. STOCKS TOTAL OVER 400,000 ITEMS, INCLUDING 30,000 CHILDREN'S BOOKS, 10,000 PERIODICALS, A LARGE RECORD COLLECTION AND ABOUT 30,000 VOLUMES IN FOREIGN LANGUAGES. SZOMBATHELY LIBRARY IS 1 OF 5 REGIONAL LIBRARIES, APART FROM BUDAPEST, WHICH AAE ALSO COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT LIBRARIES. ABOUT 300 BOOKS PER YEAR ARE ISSUED THROUGH NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL INTERLOAN SCHEMES; TOTAL ANNUAL LOANS AMOUNT TO ABOUT 460,000 VOLUMES. THE LIBRARY HAS ITS OWN PRINTING PRESS AND FACILITIES FOR BINDING PERIODICALS. ******************************************** Document 4114 THE 'R. FUCINI' LIBRARY OF EMPOLI. AN ACCOUNT OF THE COMMUNAL LIBRARY OF EMPOLI, WHICH ORIGINATED WITH ARCHBISHOP GIOVANNI MARCHETTI'S GIFT IN 1819 OF HIS PRIVATE LIBRARY FOR PUBLIC USE. IT CONSTITUTES ONE OF THE OLDEST PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN TUSCANY. SUBSEQUENT DONATIONS AND OTHER ACQUISITIONS ARE DESCRIBED AND DOCUMENTS RELATING TO THE LIBRARY'S ADMINISTRATION REPRODUCED. TABLES GIVE BREAKDOWNS OF ITS PRESENT STOCK AND OF ITS USE BY TEACHERS, STUDENTS AND OTHERS. ******************************************** Document 4115 HERE THE LIBRARIES ARE JUST AROUND THE CORNER. DESCRIBES THE LIBRARIES IN TOMMERUP MUNICIPAL DISTRICT, FUNEN. UNLIKE OTHER AUTHORITIES AFTER THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT REORGANISATION IN 1966, TOMMERUP RETAINED ITS DECENTRALISED STRUCTURE AND STRENGTHENED EACH OF ITS 4 URBAN CENTRES. THUS THE 4 PART-TIME LIBRARIES HAVE BEEN OR ARE BEING EXPANDED. AT PRESENT 2 SHARE PREMISES WITH SCHOOL LIBRARIES. EXPENDITURE PER INHABITANT IS HIGH COMPARED EVEN TO FULL-TIME LIBRARIES. A HIGH STANDARD FOR CULTURAL ARRANGEMENTS IS SET. INTERVIEWS THE CHAIRMAN OF THE CULTURAL COMMITTEE AND THE CHIEF LIBRARIAN. THE PRESENT PART-TIME LIBRARIANS ARE HIGHLY APPRECIATED, ALTHOUGH IT IS ENVISAGED THAT A QUALIFIED LIBRARIAN WILL BE EMPLOYED WHEN THE NEW MAIN LIBRARY IS BUILT IN 1983. A STRONG LOCAL CULTURAL LIFE IS ENCOURAGED. INCLUDES INTERVIEWS WITH THE LIBRARIANS AT 2 OF THE LIBRARIES AND USERS. INCLUDES LOAN STATISTICS. ******************************************** Document 4116 NEW LIFE IN THE OLD VARDE. GIVES A PORTRAIT OF VARDE PUBLIC LIBRARY, DUE TO TAKE POSSESSION OF A NEW MAIN LIBRARY IN THE CENTRAL TOWN SQUARE. VARDE HAS BEEN IN LIBRARY UNION WITH 2 OTHER LOCAL AUTHORITIES SINCE 1973, SERVING A TOTAL OF 28,000 INHABITANTS WITH 1 MOBILE AND 10 BRANCH LIBRARIES. THE NEW LIBRARY WILL HAVE 1500 SQ.M. WITH ROOM FOR EXPANSION, MAKING A MUSIC LIBRARY POSSIBLE EVENTUALLY. INTERVIEWS THE MAYOR AND CHAIRMAN OF THE UNION LIBRARY, WHO IS PREPARED TO ALLOCATE MORE MONEY TO THE SERVICE IF DEMAND INCREASES. THE MOBILE LIBRARY HAS BEEN VERY SUCCESSFUL IN AREAS TOO SPARSELY POPULATED TO SUSTAIN BRANCHES. PARTY POLITICS IS FORTUNATELY ABSENT AMONG POLITICIANS DEALING WITH LIBRARIES. THEY MUST, HOWEVER, HAVE THE FINAL RESPONSIBILITY IN BOOK SELECTION, WHILE INTERFERING AS LITTLE AS POSSIBLE. INTERVIEWS THE CHIEF LIBRARIAN. SINCE THE UNION, SPACE PROBLEMS HAVE MOUNTED, AND WITH THE NEW LIBRARY, LOANS ARE EXPECTED TO INCREASE WITHOUT EXTRA ALLOCATION FOR STAFF. WOULD LIKE TO SE E ANOTHER MOBILE LIBRARY REPLACE SOME OF THE BRANCHES WHICH HAVE FEW LOANS. THE MOBILE LIBRARY HAS BROUGHT NEW READERS TO THE MAIN LIBRARY. HOWEVER, THE USE OF 1 OF THE BRANCHES VISITED WAS SUCH THAT A MOBILE LIBRARY COULD NOT REPLACE IT. ******************************************** Document 4117 BOOKS TO THE PEOPLE IN WINNIPEG. DESCRIBES THE ORIGINS OF THE PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICE IN WINNIPEG, CANADA. THE 1ST SUBSCRIPTION LIBRARY WAS OPENED BY THE HISTORICAL AND SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY OF MANITOBA IN 1881, FOLLOWED BY A CARNEGIE LIBRARY IN 1905. A LIBRARY WAS ALSO ESTABLISHED BY AND FOR THE CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY IN 1884. ******************************************** Document 4118 GOING IT ALONE' A LIBRARY STAYS INDEPENDENT. OUTLINES THE HISTORY OF THE PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICES IN WOLSELEY, SASKATCHEWAN FROM THE OPENING OF THE FARMERS' INSTITUTE IN 1893 TO THE PRESENT WHEN CITIZENS HAVE VOTED NOT TO JOIN THE REGIONAL SYSTEMS. DISCUSSES REASONS FOR THIS DECISION. ******************************************** Document 4119 SOCIAL ORIGINS OF THE PUBLIC LIBRARY IN MONTREAL. PLACES THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PUBLIC LIBRARY SYSTEM IN MONTREAL, QUEBEC PROVINCE, IN ITS SOCIAL AND CULTURAL HISTORICAL FRAMEWORK. LOOKS AT HOSPITAL LIBRARIES; SUBSCRIPTION LIBRARIES; NEWSROOMS; READING ROOMS; PROFESSIONAL LIBRARIES; ASSOCIATION LIBRARIES; PARISH LIBRARIES; ACADEMIC LIBRARIES; COMPANY LIBRARIES; AND 'COLLECTIVITY' LIBRARIES. ******************************************** Document 4120 BRUSSELS' NEW CENTRAL LIBRARY. A DESCRIPTION OF BRUSSELS' NEW CENTRAL LIBRARY RECENTLY OPENED TO THE PUBLIC. THE YOUNG PERSONS SECTION, IN ADDITION TO OFFERING A WIDE SELECTION OF READING AND ATTRACTIVE SURROUNDINGS, ALSO PROMOTES ACTIVITIES TO DEVELOP LITERARY AND ARTISTIC TASTE. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF THE VARIOUS DEPARTMENTS COMPRISING THE ADULT SECTION' LENDING, PERIODICALS, REFERENCE, AND FRENCH LITERATURE. VARIOUS SPECIALISED SERVICES ARE AVAILABLE TO BOTH INDIVIDUAL USERS AND OTHER LIBRARIES' INTERLIBRARY LOAN, DOCUMENTATION, AND BIBLIOGRAPHICAL. THE WHOLE COMPLEX IS PRESENTED AS THE 1ST STAGE IN ESTABLISHING A LIBRARY NETWORK. ******************************************** Document 4121 THE BODLEIAN LIBRARY IN THE 18TH CENTURY WITH REFERENCE TO OXFORD COLLEGE LIBRARIES AND THE RADCLIFFE LIBRARY. SHORT ACCOUNT OF THE HISTORY OF THE BODLEIAN LIBRARY WITH EVIDENCE, TO SUPPORT THE ARGUMENTS PRESENTED IN THE ESSAY, DRAWN MAINLY FROM PRINTED SOURCES. ******************************************** Document 4122 GENERAL STATISTICAL SURVEY OF FRENCH UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES (ESGBU). SUMMARY OF 1979 FIGURES. A REPORT COMPILED FROM QUESTIONNAIRES COMPLETED BY 58 LIBRARIES. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF HOLDINGS, USERS, LOANS, PERSONNEL, FINANCES, BUDGETING, AND ACQUISITION EXPENDITURE. ******************************************** Document 4123 UNIVERSITY LIBRARY REPORTS FOR 1980. DISCUSSES THE PREDOMINANT THEMES WHICH EMERGE FROM A SURVEY OF AUSTRALIAN UNIVERSITY LIBRARY REPORTS FOR 1980. THESE THEMES INCLUDE' REDUCTIONS IN PURCHASING POWER; THE EFFECT OF THE INCREASING DEMAND FOR INTERLIBRARY LOANS; INADEQUATE STAFFING AND THE CONSEQUENT DETERIORATION OF SERVICES; AND REDUCTIONS IN BORROWING FIGURES. ******************************************** Document 4124 AN ENLIGHTENED MINISTRY' ANDOVER-HARVARD THEOLOGICAL LIBRARY 1950-1980. DETAILED HISTORY OF THE ANDOVER-HARVARD THEOLOGICAL LIBRARY AT HARVARD COLLEGE IS GIVEN. ******************************************** Document 4125 CAE LIBRARY REPORTS FOR 1979. PRESENTS AN ANALYSIS OF THE PROBLEMS FACING AUSTRALIAN COLLEGE OF EDUCATION LIBRARIES IN 1979, BASED ON A SURVEY OF THEIR REPORTS FOR THAT YEAR. DISCUSSES THESE PROBLEMS UNDER THE HEADINGS OF' STAFFING AND ACCOMMODATION; HOURS OF OPENING; COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT AND CIRCULATION; SERIALS; SPECIAL COLLECTIONS AND PROJECTS; USER SERVICES; AUTOMATION; AND RELATIONS WITH THE TEACHING COMMUNITY. ******************************************** Document 4126 THE LIBRARY OF THE LIEPZIG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY. STRUCTURE, DEVELOPMENT AND PRESENT SITUATION. THE LEIPZIG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY WAS FOUNDED IN 1977-80. BEFORE THEN SEVERAL SMALLER INSTITUTES AND COLLEGES OF ENGINEERING AND RELATED SUBJECTS EXISTED, ALL WITH SOME KIND OF LIBRARY. THESE LIBRARIES WERE INTEGRATED TO FORM THE NEW LEIPZIG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY LIBRARY. THE INSTITUTE HAS A DECENTRALISED STRUCTURE AND THE LIBRARY WAS ORGANISED ON THE SAME LINES. THERE IS A MAIN LIBRARY WITH 5 DEPARTMENT LIBRARIES, CONCENTRATING PARTICULARLY ON BUILDING COLLECTIONS FOR POLYGRAPHY AND CIVIL ENGINEERING, BESIDES BEING RESPONSIBLE FOR COLLECTIONS OF ALL THE RELATED SUBJECTS. THE LIBRARY PROVIDES SUPPORT IN TRAINING AND RESEARCH FOR STUDENTS AND STAFF OF THE INSTITUTE AND A RISE IN LIBRARY USERS HAS BEEN ACHIEVED. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS HAVE BEEN EXPANDED, ESPECIALLY WITH SIMILAR INSTITUTES IN THE USSR. AMONG THE PROJECTS PLANNED FOR 1981 ARE THE FORMATION OF A SELECTIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING AND COLLECTING AND CATALOGUING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, TRAVEL AND CONFERENCE REPORTS. ******************************************** Document 4127 TAFE IT FROM HERE. PROCEEDINGS OF A SEMINAR SPONSORED BY THE UNIVERSITY AND COLLEGE LIBRARIES SECTION, LIBRARY ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA, AT THE UNIVERSITY OF NEWCASTLE, 18-20 AUG 78. THE AIM WAS TO DISCUSS TECHNICAL AND FURTHER EDUCATION (TAFE) LIBRARY PROBLEMS, AND TO SUGGEST SOLUTIONS. PAPERS ARE IN 5 SECTIONS' INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW; MANAGEMENT; EDUCATIONAL ASPECTS; STANDARDS FOR TAFE LIBRARIES; AND CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE RECOMMENDATIONS. ******************************************** Document 4128 CONTRIBUTION TO SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS. THE INSTITUTE OF SEMICONDUCTORS IN BOTEVGRAD HAS BEEN IN OPERATION FOR 14 YEARS NOW. DURING THAT PERIOD THE LIBRARY HAS BEEN AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE INSTITUTE. THE LIBRARY STAFF OF 2 CATER AT PRESENT FOR 116 RESEARCH WORKERS, ALL GRADUATES. MANY OF THEM ARE ENGAGED IN POSTGRADUATE STUDIES. AS SEMICONDUCTORS' TECHNOLOGY IS A HIGHLY SPECIALISED FIELD, THERE ARE ONLY 27,000 VOLUMES IN STOCK, IN RUSSIAN, BULGARIAN, ENGLISH, GERMAN AND OTHER LANGUAGES. TWICE A MONTH, AN INFORMATION NEWS BULLETIN ON ACQUISITIONS IS ISSUED, AND AN EFFORT IS MADE TO SECURE ANY REQUIRED ITEM. IN 1980, NEARLY 500 BOOKS, PERIODICALS, STANDARDS, PATENTS, THESES AND OTHER SPECIAL PAPERS WERE SUPPLIED BY USING INTERLENDING SERVICES OF THE CENTRAL SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL LIBRARY, THE CYRIL AND METHODIUS NATIONAL LIBRARY, AND THE KLIMENT OKHRIDSKI UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, ALL IN SOFIA. ******************************************** Document 4129 BOOK COLLECTING IN COUNTER-REFORMATION ITALY: THE LIBRARY OF GIAN VINCENZO PINELLI (1535-1601). PAPER PRESENTED AT LIBRARY HISTORY SEMINAR VI 'LIBRARIES & CULTURE', AUSTIN, TEXAS, 19-22 MAR 80. GIAN VINCENZO PINELLI POSSESSED POSSIBLY THE FINEST PRIVATE LIBRARY IN ITALY IN THE 2ND HALF OF THE 16TH CENTURY. THE BOOKS WERE MADE AVAILABLE TO EVERY SERIOUS READER AND SCHOLAR, AND HIS HOME AND LIBRARY WERE OPENED TO INTELLECTUALS FROM ALL PARTS OF THE WORLD. DESCRIBES THE COLLECTION, METHODS OF COLLECTING, AND THE ULTIMATE FATE OF THE LIBRARY, PART OF WHICH WAS DESTROYED IN TRANSIT BY TURKISH PIRATES. ******************************************** Document 4130 THE ROLE OF THE LIBRARY IN A NATIONAL PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATION. THE ROLE OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION'S OWN LIBRARY, THE DIVISION OF LIBRARY AND ARCHIVAL SERVICES, IN THE FULFILMENT OF THE AMA'S OBJECTIVES IS DESCRIBED. ******************************************** Document 4131 ANATOMY OF FAILURE' ONTARIO MECHANICS' INSTITUTES, 1835-1895. DISCUSSES THE RISE AND FALL OF MECHANICS' INSTITUTES IN ONTARIO. THE INSTITUTES WERE ORIGINALLY INTENDED TO PROVIDE TECHNICAL EDUCATION FOR MECHANICS TO MAKE THEM BETTER WORKERS, BETTER PEOPLE AND BETTER CITIZENS. THEY FAILED IN THIS LARGELY BECAUSE WHAT THE GOVERNMENT INTENDED THEM TO PROVIDE WAS NOT WHAT WAS NEEDED BY THE PEOPLE THAT THEY SERVED. WORKERS AND APPRENTICES DID NOT ATTEND CLASSES IN LARGE NUMBERS BECAUSE THEY WERE PROBABLY EXHAUSTED AFTER A 10 OR 11 HOUR DAY. THROUGH LEGISLATION THE INSTITUTES WERE CONVERTED TO FREE PUBLIC LIBRARIES. ******************************************** Document 4132 THE MONTREAL MECHANICS' INSTITUTE' 1828-1870. A HISTORY OF THE MONTREAL MECHANICS' INSTITUTE, QUEBEC, THE 1ST INSTITUTION OF ITS KIND IN BRITISH NORTH AMERICA. THE MONTREAL MECHANICS' INSTITUTION OPERATED FROM 1828-35 WHEN IT LAPSED DUE TO SOCIAL AND POLITICAL PRESSURES. REVIEWED IN 1840 AS THE MONTREAL MECHANICS' INSTITUTE, IT CONTINUES TO THIS DAY AS THE ATWATER LIBRARY OF MONTREAL. ******************************************** Document 4133 FOUNDER OF THE VATICAN LIBRARY: NICHOLAS V OR SIXTUS VI?. PAPER PRESENTED AT LIBRARY HISTORY SEMINAR VI 'LIBRARIES & CULTURE', AUSTIN, TEXAS, 19-22 MAR 80. THE VATICAN LIBRARY CAME INTO BEING DURING THE LAST HALF OF THE 15TH CENTURY. HISTORIANS CREDIT EITHER POPE NICHOLAS V (1447-1455) OR POPE SIXTUS IV (1471-1484) WITH ITS ESTABLISHMENT. EXAMINES THE MOTIVES BOTH POPES HAD TO ESTABLISH THE LIBRARY AND THE ACTIONS THAT THEY TOOK TO BRING IT ABOUT, QUESTIONING WHETHER THE LIBRARY MIGHT HAVE HAD 2 FOUNDERS WITHIN A GENERATION. ******************************************** Document 4134 WHOSE PROBLEM? THE PUBLIC LIBRARY AND THE DISADVANTAGED. INVESTIGATES THE CONCEPT OF DISADVANTAGE IN RELATION TO LIBRARY SERVICE IN ORDER TO HELP LIBRARIANS TO UNDERSTAND MORE CLEARLY THE MEANING OF A TERM FREQUENTLY USED BUT IN A VARIETY OF WAYS. ILLUSTRATES THOSE AREAS WHERE THE LIBRARY SERVICE IS FAILING AND ATTEMPTS TO SUGGEST REASONS FOR THE FAILURE. ******************************************** Document 4135 LIBRARY SERVICE FOR HANDICAPPED PEOPLE' ARENAS, PLAYERS AND STAKES. LIBRARIES ARE 1 OF MANY ARENAS IN WHICH THE RIGHTS OF THE HANDICAPPED ARE BEING ASSERTED. COLLECTIVELY THEY FORM A MINORITY SIZABLE ENOUGH TO JUSTIFY A PROGRAMME OF SERVICES BUT THE SERVICES MUST DIFFERENTIATE THE NEEDS OF THE VARIOUS TYPES OF HANDICAP. A NETWORK OF LIBRARIES AND OTHER AGENCIES IS TACKLING THE PROBLEMS OF INFORMATION POVERTY AND ISOLATION AND ENCOURAGING A SHIFT FROM ATTITUDES OF PATRONAGE TO THOSE OF CIVIL RIGHTS. ******************************************** Document 4136 THE INTERNATIONAL YEAR OF THE HANDICAPPED AND THE LIBRARIES. LIBRARIES IN EAST GERMANY PROVIDE MANY SERVICES FOR HANDICAPPED PEOPLE AND SPECIAL EFFORTS WERE MADE TO IMPROVE SERVICES IN 1981. INCREASED ASSISTANCE WAS PROVIDED FOR PATIENTS' LIBRARIES AND TRADE UNION LIBRARIES IN HOSPITALS, CLINICS AND SOCIAL WELFARE FACILITIES. THE USE OF BIBLIOTHERAPY FOR TREATING MENTAL ILLNESS IS INCREASING. PUBLIC LIBRARIES STOCK LARGE PRINT BOOKS PROVIDED BY THE CENTRAL LIBRARY FOR THE BLIND IN LEIPZIG. LIBRARY STAFF AND VOLUNTEERS VISIT HOUSEBOUND READERS AND SPECIAL FACILITIES ARE PROVIDED IN THE LIBRARY FOR THE PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED. PUBLIC LIBRARIES PROVIDE BOOKS FOR USE IN SHELTERED WORKSHOPS, HOMES, SPECIAL SCHOOLS AND REHABILITATION CENTRES. SOME HANDICAPPED PEOPLE WORK IN LIBRARIES AS A FORM OF REHABILITATION AND LIBRARY STAFF ARE GIVEN TRAINING ON THE PROBLEMS OF HANDICAP. COOPERATION BETWEEN LIBRARIANS AND MEDICAL AUTHORITIES IS ESSENTIAL IN THIS SPHERE. ******************************************** Document 4137 A LONG WAY TO EQUALITY FOR THE HANDICAPPED. REPORT ON THE 5TH NORDIC SUMMER SCHOOL FOR LIBRARIANS, HELD IN NORWAY ON 22 JULY-7 AUG 81 WITH THE THEME: 'LIBRARY SERVICE TO HANDICAPPED READERS'. THE FOLLOWING SUBJECTS WERE DEALT WITH' PROBLEMS CONNECTED WITH READING; THE SPECIAL PROBLEMS OF PARTICULAR GROUPS; MATERIALS; TECHNICAL AIDS; PROVISION IN LIBRARIES; AND COOPERATION BETWEEN SCHOOL AND PUBLIC LIBRARIES. THE SITUATION IN THE DIFFERENT NORDIC COUNTRIES WAS COMPARED. THE STANDARD OF READING NEEDED FOR SOCIETY IS LIKELY TO INCREASE, THUS DISTANCING THE HANDICAPPED FURTHER FROM THE NORMAL POPULATION. THE SPECIAL PROBLEMS OF THE DEAF, THE MENTALLY ILL, THE APHASICS, THE BLIND, AND THE MENTALLY RETARDED WERE DISCUSSED. MATERIALS TO HANDICAPPED READERS WERE DESCRIBED ON THE BASIS OF AN ANALYSIS OF THE READING SKILL, THE DEFINITION OF AN EASY TEXT, AND THE DIFFERENT NEEDS OF THE VARIOUSLY HANDICAPPED. THE NEED TO CREATE A BARRIER-FREE LIBRARY BY GOOD PLANNING AND DESIGN WAS EMPHASISED. ******************************************** Document 4138 THE PRESENT SITUATION OF LIBRARY SERVICES FOR THE HANDICAPPED IN AUSTRALIA. EXPLORES DEFINITIONS OF THE TERM HANDICAPPED, THE RANGE OF SERVICES THOUGHT DESIRABLE FOR SUCH USERS AND EXISTING STYLES OF SERVICE. RAISES ISSUES CONNECTED WITH IMPROVING THEIR MANNER AND LEVEL. ******************************************** Document 4139 FIRST NATIONAL WORKSHOP ON LIBRARIANSHIP FOR HANDICAPPED USERS' PROCEEDINGS. HELD AT MELBOURNE STATE COLLEGE 19-23 MAY 80 WITH THE AIM OF SUPPLEMENTING THE MINIMAL TRAINING ON THE NEEDS OF HANDICAPPED USERS, POSSIBLE IN FULL TIME COURSES. FOR ABSTRACTS OF INDIVIDUAL PAPERS 2SEE1 THE FOLLOWING SERIAL NUMBERS'-. ******************************************** Document 4140 EXISTING COLLECTIONS FOR HANDICAPPED USERS. RESULTS OF THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF AUSTRALIA 1978 SURVEY 2NATIONAL SERVICES FOR HANDICAPPED PEOPLE1 ARE ANALYSED. THE SURVEY FOUND THAT SOME 70% OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES PROVIDED SPECIAL COLLECTIONS IN PRINT, AUDIO AND OTHER FORMS. THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE WORKING PARTY ON LIBRARY SERVICES FOR THE HANDICAPPED ARE DESCRIBED, AND THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THOSE RECOMMENDATIONS IS DISCUSSED. ******************************************** Document 4141 USER SERVICES OUTREACH. ILLUSTRATES THE DEMANDS OBSERVED IN A RURAL SETTING AND THE RESPONSES OFFERED BY THE LIBRARY WITHIN THE RESTRICTIONS OF A TIGHT BUDGET. EMPHASISES THE INITIATIVES TAKEN TO USE LOCALLY AVAILABLE RESOURCES. ******************************************** Document 4142 DYSLEXIA. EXPLAINS THE MEANING OF THIS SPECIAL IMPAIRMENT OF THE ABILITY TO READ IN ITS VARIED FORMS, ITS POSSIBLE CAUSES AND HOW BEST TO DEAL WITH CHILDREN SUFFERING FROM THIS SORT OF DISORDER, AND HOW TO HELP THEM TO SECURE NORMAL EDUCATION. LIBRARIANS SHOULD BE ABLE TO SELECT APPROPRIATE READING FOR THEM, E.G. SHORT STORIES WITH A SIMPLE TEXT, BOOKS WITH WELL DEFINED PRINT, ILLUSTRATIONS ETC., AND MAKE THE CHILDREN UNDERSTAND THAT OVERCOMING THEIR DIFFICULTIES IS NOT AN ACHIEVEMENT IN ITSELF BUT THAT THERE IS A WORTHWHILE STORY ONCE THE DIFFICULTIES HAVE BEEN MASTERED. ******************************************** Document 4143 USER SERVICES OUTREACH. SINCE BUDGETARY CUTS ARE AFFECTING THE PROVISION OF SPECIAL COLLECTIONS IN TERTIARY EDUCATION ESTABLISHMENTS CENTRALISATION IS CALLED FOR. EMPHASISES THE NEED FOR COORDINATORS TO BE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE INTERESTS OF THE DISABLED. SUGGESTS WAYS OF ENSURING THAT THE DISABLED UNDERSTAND LIBRARY SERVICES AND HOW TO AVAIL THEMSELVES OF THEM. PRACTICAL SUGGESTIONS, SUCH AS THE PROVISION OF LIFT KEYS, ARE OFFERED FROM THE WRITER'S OWN EXPERIENCE. ******************************************** Document 4144 DISABLED LIBRARY USERS AT MONASH UNIVERSITY. ACCOMPANYING PAPER INCLUDED IN THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP. REPORT OF A SURVEY UNDERTAKEN AS PART OF PROJECT MIND (MEETING THE INFORMATION NEEDS OF THE DISABLED). THE MIND WORKING PARTY WAS ESTABLISHED BY THE LIBRARY ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA TO INVESTIGATE THE PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED BY THE DISABLED IN TERTIARY EDUCATION LIBRARIES. QUESTIONNAIRES COVERED SUBJECT FIELDS, ACADEMIC LEVELS AND THE NATURE OF DISABILITIES AND THE WAY IN WHICH THEY INTERFERED WITH LIBRARY USE. COMMENTS WERE ALSO SOUGHT ON STAFF ASSISTANCE, STOCK, EQUIPMENT AND THE LAYOUT OF THE BUILDING. ******************************************** Document 4145 THE VISUALLY IMPAIRED LIBRARY USER. ABOUT 0.2% OF THE AUSTRALIAN POPULATION IS ESTIMATED TO BE 'LEGALLY BLIND' AND A FURTHER 1% TO SUFFER IMPAIRMENT SEVERE ENOUGH TO DISABLE THEM IN DAILY LIVING BUT NOT TO THE EXTENT OF 'LEGAL BLINDNESS'. REVIEWS THE TYPES OF IMPAIRMENT AND THEIR EFFECTS AND THE AIDS USED TO HELP THE VISUALLY HANDICAPPED TO OPERATE IN A WORLD DESIGNED FOR NORMAL VISION. ******************************************** Document 4146 SOME ARE MORE EQUAL.. EDITED VERSION OF AN ADDRESS TO THE LIBRARY ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA VICTORIAN SCHOOL LIBRARIES SECTIONAL GROUP, MELBOURNE, 10 APR 81. RECORDS THE AUTHOR'S IMPRESSIONS OF SCHOOL LIBRARIES THROUGHOUT ENGLAND AND WALES, GAINED DURING A RECENT VISIT. DESCRIBES THE BLEAK PROSPECTS FACING THE SCHOOL LIBRARIANS AND WARNS THAT AUSTRALIAN STANDARDS IN THIS AREA MAY WELL BE IN DANGER OF EROSION. ******************************************** Document 4147 CHILDREN ARE THE LOSERS-THEY DO NOT LEARN THE HABIT OF USING THE LIBRARY. THE REPORT OF THE CHAIRMAN OF THE DANISH SCHOOL LIBRARY ASSOCIATION TO THE ANNUAL MEETING HELD IN OCT 81. WOULD LIKE TO SEE EDUCATION COMMITTEE MEMBERS BETTER INFORMED ABOUT THE WORK OF SCHOOL LIBRARIES AND THEIR PLACE IN THE SCHOOLS. THE TRAINING OF SCHOOL LIBRARIANS AT THE DANISH TEACHERS' HIGH SCHOOL HAS SUFFERED FROM CUTS AND STANDARDS HAVE BEEN LOWERED. COMMENTS ON THE LATEST PROPOSAL FOR A LIBRARY BILL AND CRITICISES THE DECISION TO PLACE SCHOOL LIBRARIES UNDER THE SCHOOLS ACT. IF THEY ARE TO BE TRANSFERRED TO THE SCHOOLS ACT THEY SHOULD AT LEAST HAVE THEIR OWN BY-LAWS STIPULATING COOPERATION WITH PUBLIC LIBRARIES AND AN INDEPENDENT BUDGET. THE PROPOSAL DOES NOT ALLOW FOR THESE. DISCUSSES A NEW CONSTITUTION FOR THE ASSOCIATION AND ARGUES FOR THE CONTINUED NEED FOR SEPARATE ASSOCIATIONS FOR CHILDREN'S LIBRARIES AND SCHOOL LIBRARIES, BUT WITH CLOSE COOPERATION. ******************************************** Document 4148 DISTANCE EDUCATION AND THE CIAE LIBRARY, REPORT ON ONE PLANNING SURVEY. EXTERNAL STUDIES PLACE NEW DEMANDS ON COLLEGE LIBRARIES. IN 1978, CAPRICORNIA INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED EDUCATION (CIAE) WAS FACED WITH DIFFICULTIES IN COPING WITH DEMANDS FROM EXTERNAL STUDENTS. THE COLLEGE CARRIED OUT A SURVEY, SENDING QUESTIONNAIRES TO 40 COLLEGES IN AUSTRALIA; THE RESULTS ARE OUTLINED. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS WERE THAT SERVICES BY COLLEGE LIBRARIES FOR EXTERNAL STUDENTS WERE VARIED, AND IN AN EMBRYONIC STAGE, AND THERE WAS URGENT NEED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF STANDARDS FOR LIBRARY SERVICES TO EXTERNAL STUDENTS. MORE COOPERATION BETWEEN THE LIBRARIAN AND EXTERNAL STUDIES DEPARTMENT STAFF WAS NEEDED. THE CONCLUSIONS ENABLED THE CIAE TO REFINE OBJECTIVES AND TO EXPAND THE CONCEPT OF THE EXTERNAL STUDIES LIBRARY SERVICE. NOTE' THIS ABSTRACT IS A CORRECTED VERSION OF AN EARLIER ABSTRACT AND REPLACES 80/4299. ******************************************** Document 4149 WHAT AN IMMIGRANT NEEDS IN THE LIBRARY. EXAMINES THE LIBRARY SERVICE TO DENMARK'S 100,000 IMMIGRANTS. THE 'QUEST WORKER COLLECTION' IN GENTOFTE LIBRARY, SET UP IN 1970, HAS NOT YET SOLVED THE PROBLEM OF SELECTION OR ACQUISITION OF SUITABLE MATERIAL. BEST RESULTS HAVE BEEN ACHIEVED WITH ACTIVITIES FOR CHILDREN. MEETINGS BETWEEN LIBRARY STAFF AND IMMIGRANTS COULD IMPROVE SERVICES. INFORMATION TO THE DANES ABOUT IMMIGRANTS IS VARIED AND SHOULD BE ACQUIRED BY LIBRARIES. BUT THERE IS A LACK OF MATERIAL IN DANISH ON THE IMMIGRANTS' HOME BACKGROUND AND COOPERATION IS HAMPERED BY LACK OF IMMIGRANT LEADERS. THE LIBRARY SCHOOL HAS NOT YET TAKEN THE SUBJECT UP. 2 REPORTS FROM THE LIBRARY INSPECTORATE (1973, 1980) COME UP WITH PROPOSALS, AND AN ETHIOPIAN BORN LIBRARIAN, I. ABDULLAHI, IN HIS 'DESCRIPTION OF IMMIGRANTS AND LIBRARIES IN DENMARK' (1981), CONTRIBUTES TO THE DEBATE. HE LISTS THE INFORMATION FROM LIBRARIES WHICH IMMIGRANTS NEED AND SUGGESTS WAYS OF IMPROVING SERVICES, SOME OF WHICH NEED MO NEY, OTHERS ONLY IMPROVED PERSONAL EFFORT AND REORGANISATION OF EXISTING WORK. ******************************************** Document 4150 LIBRARY WORK IS FOR THE USER' THOUGHTS ON THE EDUCATIONAL CONTENT OF THE SUBJECT GROUP ON LIBRARY USE. LIBRARIES IN SOCIALIST SOCIETIES ARE CONSCIOUSLY ORIENTED TOWARDS THE USER. IMPORTANT OBJECTIVES OF LIBRARY WORK CONCERNING LIBRARY USE ARE' THE CONTINUOUS DEVELOPMENT OF CULTURAL AND EDUCATIONAL NEEDS; DEVELOPMENT OF AN AWARENESS OF SOCIAL NEEDS; AND PLANNED STIMULATION OF THE NEED FOR NEW LITERATURE AND INFORMATION. THE SUBJECT GROUP ON LIBRARY USE SUPPLIES STUDENTS WITH THE NECESSARY KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS TO USE THE SOCIO-POLITICAL ASPECT OF ENTIRE LIBRARY ACTIVITY AND ADAPT IT TO MEET THE SOCIAL NEEDS OF THE USER. LIBRARY USE FALLS UNDER 2 MAIN HEADINGS' USE IN THE LIBRARY ITSELF AND EXTERNAL USE, THE LENDING SYSTEM. OTHER IMPORTANT FEATURES OF LIBRARY USE ARE' LIBRARY REGULATIONS FORMING PART OF THE CIVIL LAW; THE LENDING SYSTEM, HOW TO MAKE IT MOST EFFECTIVE FOR THE USER AND USER EDUCATION COURSES WHICH SHOULD BE ORGANISED BY LIBRARIES TO IMPROVE THE USERS' KNOWLEDGE OF THE LIBRARY S YSTEM. ******************************************** Document 4151 LIBRARY USERS IN PORT MORESBY. ABRIDGED AND REVISED VERSION OF THE ARTICLE PORT MORESBY PUBLIC LIBRARIES' A SNAPSHOT IN TIME, 2TOK TOK BILONG HAUS BUK1 (28) JULY 81, PP 36-43 (2SEE1 82/1083). PRESENTS THE RESULTS OF A SURVEY OF PUBLIC LIBRARY USERS IN THE CAPITAL OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA. ******************************************** Document 4152 MONITORING THE DEMAND FOR THE SERVICES OF ACADEMIC LIBRARIES-THE SURVEY AS A LIBRARY MANAGEMENT TOOL FOR CAPITAL SERVICES. EXAMINES ISSUES IN THE MONITORING AND CONTROL OF SEAT USE FOR STUDY PURPOSES IN HIGHER EDUCATION LIBRARIES' REPORTS BRIEFLY ON AN EXPERIMENTAL MONITORING SYSTEM WHICH ADOPTS A ROTATING SAMPLE SURVEY DESIGN TO OBTAIN INFORMATION ON THIS IMPORTANT ATTRIBUTE OF LIBRARY USER BEHAVIOUR, WHICH WITH A HIGH DEGREE OF INITIAL ORGANISATION HAS BEEN FOUND CAPABLE OF BEING USEFULLY IMPLEMENTED BY LIBRARY STAFF WITH LITTLE SURVEY TRAINING. THE SURVEY, UNDERTAKEN AT THE FREWEN LIBRARY, PORTSMOUTH POLYTECHNIC (UK), PRODUCED A GOOD RESPONSE FROM USERS, WAS SWIFT IN IMPLEMENTATION AND CAUSED LITTLE DISRUPTION OF LIBRARY ACTIVITY. ******************************************** Document 4153 RETRIEVAL ACHIEVEMENTS' EXPERIENCES AT THE MEDICAL LIBRARY SUBCENTRE OF SZOLNOK COUNTY. THE HOSPITAL MEDICAL LIBRARY AT SZOLNOK (HUNGARY) SUPPLIES LIBRARY SERVICES TO 248 DOCTORS, 30 PHARMACISTS, AND 21 PARAMEDICAL WORKERS. IN 1980 THERE WERE 325 CARD HOLDERS, THE NUMBER OF LIBRARY VISITS AMOUNTED TO 2,350, LOAN DATA TO 4,500 VOLUMES. DURING 1971-80 THE LIBRARY PERFORMED 426 LITERATURE SEARCHES INCLUDING 7,680 BIBLIOGRAPHIC ENTRIES. FROM THE TOTAL OF 1,387 BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA IN 1979, 947 ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS WERE REQUESTED, 51 OF WHICH WERE NOT AVAILABLE. INVESTIGATION OF THE CITATIONS IN THE COMMUNICATIONS BY THE HOSPITAL'S STAFF REVEALED A 64% UTILISATION OF THE BIBLIOGRAPHIC ENTRIES IN 1979. REPEATED CONSULTATIONS DURING SEARCH PROCEDURE YIELDED IN ADDITION TO RELEVANCE ALSO PERTINENCY OF DATA. ******************************************** Document 4154 WALTER HOFMANN'S AND RUDOLF ANGERMANN'S CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE METHODS OF READER RESEARCH. PART 2. WALTER HOFMANN PUBLISHED AS PART 2 OF A PAPER ON LIBRARIES 2ON THE PSYCHOLOGY OF THE PROLETARIAT (ZUR PSYCHOLOGIE DAS PROLETARIATS) 1IN 1910. HE CARRIED OUT A GREAT DEAL OF RESEARCH INTO THE TYPES OF LITERATURE WORKING CLASS PEOPLE READ, WHAT CATEGORIES WORKING CLASS READERS COULD BE DIVIDED INTO AND HOW TO INFLUENCE AND IMPROVE THEIR READING HABITS. HE ALSO CARRIED OUT AN IMPORTANT SURVEY ON WOMEN'S READING. RUDOLF ANGERMANN CONTINUED AND EXPANDED HOFMANN'S WORK. THEY BOTH CONSIDERED THE STIMULI TO READ CERTAIN TYPES OF LITERATURE TO BE OF GREAT IMPORTANCE AND ANGERMANN FORMULATED A LIST OF DIFFERENT READING STIMULI. THEY WERE BOTH OF THE OPINION THAT THE LIBRARIAN'S TASK WAS TO ACT AS ADVISER AND INTERMEDIARY BETWEEN THE LITERATURE AND THE READER. THEIR AIM WAS TO OFFER GOOD QUALITY LITERATURE TO LARGE SECTIONS OF THE PEOPLE. TODAY METHODS OF READER RESEARCH CONTINUE TO BE D EVELOPED IN SOCIALIST COUNTRIES AND AIM TO ACHIEVE AN OPTIMAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ACQUISITION AND USE OF LITERATURE. ******************************************** Document 4155 INFORMATION SHEETS ON CHINESE READERS. THE REPORT BRINGS TOGETHER THE INFORMATION SHEETS ISSUED BY THE RESEARCH TEAM INVESTIGATING THE LIBRARY NEEDS OF CHINESE IN LONDON. THE PROJECT AIMS TO ESTABLISH CONTACT WITH THE CHINESE COMMUNITY, FIND OUT ABOUT READING HABITS OF ITS MEMBERS AND ASSESS HOW PUBLIC LIBRARIES ARE MEETING THEIR NEEDS WITH A VIEW TO IMPROVING THE SERVICES. ******************************************** Document 4156 PUBLIC LIBRARIES AND LITERACY AMONGST CHILDREN AND ADULTS. IN THE NETHERLANDS DESPITE COMPULSORY EDUCATION FOR THE WHOLE POPULATION THERE ARE NOW SOME 100,000 TO 400,000 (SEMI-)ILLITERATES. IN DUTCH SCHOOLS 2 METHODS OF LEARNING TO READ AND WRITE HAVE BEEN USED, THE TRADITIONAL METHOD OF LEARNING TO RECOGNISE LISTS OF SIMPLE BUT UNRELATED WORDS AND THE FUNCTIONAL METHOD WHICH WAS RELATED TO THE PUPIL'S ENVIRONMENT AND EXPERIENCE. WHICHEVER METHOD IS USED, IT IS ESSENTIAL TO DEVELOP THE PUPIL'S ABILITY TO READ FLUENTLY AND TO MOTIVATE HIM TO CONTINUE READING AFTER LEAVING SCHOOL. THE DUTCH PUBLIC LIBRARY ACT OF 1975 RECOGNISED THE IMPORTANCE OF LIBRARY SERVICES FOR YOUNG PEOPLE IN ABOLISHING LIBRARY MEMBERSHIP CHARGES UP TO THE AGE OF 18. HOWEVER, THE ACT FAILED TO RECOGNISE THE NEED TO PROVIDE SPECIAL TYPES OF READING MATERIALS FOR PEOPLE WITH READING DIFFICULTIES. ******************************************** Document 4157 INDEPENDENT LEARNING AND LIBRARIES. DISCUSSES SELF-STUDY METHODS AND THEIR POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS IN CANADIAN COMMUNITY COLLEGES. THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONCEPT OF INDEPENDENT LEARNING IS TRACED AND AN EXACT DEFINITION ADVANCED. FROM EXAMPLES OF EXISTING PROGRAMMES IN EDUCATIONAL FIELDS AND BY EXAMINING THE SELF-STUDY PROCESS, IDENTIFIES THE KIND OF ASSISTANCE THE LEARNER REQUIRES AND THE RESOURCES AVAILABLE. THE ROLE OF LIBRARIES IN THIS CONTEXT IS THEN CONSIDERED IN RELATION TO THE US ADULT INDEPENDENT LEARNING PROJECT, WHICH IS DESCRIBED IN DETAIL. IN CONCLUSION, ANALYSES THE LIBRARIAN'S ROLE, AND OUTLINES THE TRAINING REQUIRED, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO CANADIAN COLLEGES. ******************************************** Document 4158 DO NOT TEAR DOWN WHAT HAS SO SUCCESSFULLY BEEN BUILT UP. REPORTS THE SPEECH BY THE DANISH LIBRARY ASSOCIATION'S CHAIRMAN, KARL JOHAN MORTENSEN, TO THE MEETING OF THE KOMMUNERNES LANDSFORENING (NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF LOCAL AUTHORITIES), WHERE THE QUESTION HAD EARLIER BEEN RAISED OF HOW CULTURE COULD BE DISSEMINATED TO LARGER CIRCLES. IT WAS ARGUED THAT EXPANSION OF LIBRARY ACTIVITIES WAS NOT ENOUGH TO REACH THOSE UNFAMILIAR WITH LIBRARIES. THE INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK HAD PREVENTED GENUINE DECENTRALISATION AND POPULARISATION OF CULTURE. LIBRARIES WITH RIGID MANAGEMENT AND DEMAND FOR QUALIFIED STAFF WERE PREVENTING THEIR USE AS LOCAL CULTURE CENTRES. SOLUTIONS INVOLVING GREATER COORDINATION WITH OTHER LOCAL ACTIVITIES WERE OFFERED. AGAINST THIS MORTENSEN ARGUES THAT THE 1964 LIBRARY ACT PROMOTED DECENTRALISATION AND THAT LIBRARIES MORE THAN OTHER INSTITUTIONS ARE REACHING THE BROAD POPULATION. WARNS AGAINST REDUCTION OF LIBRARY ACTIVITIES IN ORDER TO HELP THE GRASS ROOTS MOVEMENTS. LOCAL AUT HORITIES NEED THE SUPPORT OF THE STATE FOR LIBRARY SERVICES. THE DEBATE THAT FOLLOWED AND THE REPLY FROM THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION'S CHAIRMAN STRESSED THAT LIBRARIES WERE NOT UNDER ATTACK. ******************************************** Document 4159 LIBRARY USE AS A LEISURE ACTIVITY. INTRODUCTORY SPEECH TO THE STUDY SESSION OF THE WORKING PARTY FOR COUNTY LIBRARY SYSTEMS, NOORDWIJKERHOUT, 1 SEPT 81. IN THE NETHERLANDS, THE RISE IN LIVING STANDARDS SINCE WORLD WAR II HAS OUTSTRIPPED THE INCREASE IN LEISURE TIME. IN ADDITION THE AVERAGE CITIZEN DEVOTES A LARGE PROPORTION OF HIS INCREASED PURCHASING POWER TO ACQUIRING PRIVATE COMFORTS. WHEREAS BEFORE THE WAR MOST PEOPLE VISITED THE CINEMA OR THEATRE FOR ENTERTAINMENT, AND TRAVELLED BY BUS OR TRAIN, NOWADAYS THEY WATCH TELEVISION AT HOME AND TRAVEL BY PRIVATE CAR. SIMILARLY RESEARCH SHOWS THAT THE AVERAGE CITIZEN USES THE LIBRARY NOT AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR A PRIVATE COLLECTION OF BOOKS BUT TO SUPPLEMENT HIS OWN COLLECTION. AS THE ECONOMIC RECESSION DEEPENS THERE IS A REAL DANGER THAT THE GOVERNMENT WILL TURN PUBLIC LIBRARIES INTO RECREATIONAL CENTRES AND CREATE NEW LIBRARIES AS INFORMATION CENTRES. ******************************************** Document 4160 BIBLIOGRAPHY AS A SCIENCE: FROM TEXTUAL CRITICISM TO BIBLIOMETRICS. A REVISED VERSION OF A PAPER PRESENTED AT A BRAZILIAN CONFERENCE IN 1975 AND 1ST PUBLISHED IN 1979, DISCUSSING 20TH CENTURY DEVELOPMENTS FROM THE WORK OF POLLARD ONWARDS. REFERENCE IS MADE TO MAJOR PUBLICATIONS IN THE FIELD BY SCHOLARS SUCH AS COLE, ZOLTOWSKI, GASKELL AND LEVEBRE. THE SEARCH FOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION IS DISTINGUISHED FROM TRUE BIBLIOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, AND THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A SCIENTIFIC BASIS FOR BIBLIOGRAPHY THROUGH STATISTICAL ANALYSIS IN BIBLIOMETRICS IS OUTLINED. AN ACCOUNT IS GIVEN OF THE PROCEDURES OF MACROBIBLIOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS, AND OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MICROBIBLIOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS WITH THE INTRODUCTION OF CITATION INDEXES. THE NEXT ADVANCE ENVISAGED IS THE CONSTRUCTION OF CITATION CHAINS WHEN A HUMANITIES CITATION INDEX BECOMES AVAILABLE, WHICH MAY WELL HAVE MAJOR REPERCUSSIONS ON THE HISTORY OF IDEAS. ******************************************** Document 4161 STATE PUBLICATIONS AND DEPOSITORY LIBRARIES. AN ACCOUNT OF US DEPOSITORY LIBRARY LEGISLATION; LITERATURE RELATING TO STATE DOCUMENTS; AND RELEVANT LEGISLATION IN EACH OF THE US STATES. ******************************************** Document 4162 FOCII OF HUMAN ACTIVITY, ESSEX COUNTY, ONTARIO, 1825-52' ARCHIVAL SOURCES AND RESEARCH STRATEGIES. EXPLOITS A VARIETY OF TEXTUAL AND CARTOGRAPHIC SOURCES IN ORDER TO RECONSTRUCT A USEFUL BASE FOR AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY OF ESSEX COUNTY, ONTARIO, 1825-52, WHICH CONTAINS THE EARLIEST WHITE SETTLEMENT IN WHAT IS NOW ONTARIO AND WAS THE MOST WESTERLY OF THE 4 EARLY CORE AREAS IN THE PROVINCES. ******************************************** Document 4163 SOCIAL HISTORY AND ARCHIVAL PRACTICE. THE ELABORATION, IN THE LAST 2 DECADES, OF A 'NEW SOCIAL HISTORY', CONCERNED WITH SOCIAL STRUCTURE AND THE ATTITUDES, ACTIVITIES, AND DAILY LIVES OF ORDINARY PEOPLE, WILL EVENTUALLY AFFECT ALL PHASES OF ARCHIVAL WORK. DEFINES THE CONCEPT OF SOCIAL HISTORY AND REVIEWS IN DETAIL THE WAYS IN WHICH IT IMPINGES ON ARCHIVAL PRACTICE. ******************************************** Document 4164 LIBRARIES, BOOKS, AND THE NATURE OF AMERICA: THE CREATION OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. PAPER PRESENTED AT LIBRARY HISTORY SEMINAR VI 'LIBRARIES & CULTURE', AUSTIN, TEXAS, 19-22 MAR 80. IN 1836, US CONGRESS ACCEPTED A BEQUEST OF OVER HALF A MILLION DOLLARS FROM THE ESTATE OF JAMES SMITHSON, TO ESTABLISH IN WASHINGTON AN INSTITUTION FOR 'THE INCREASE AND DIFFUSION OF KNOWLEDGE AMONG MEN'. THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE DISPOSITION OF THE FUND LAY WITH THE GOVERNMENT, SO THE USE MADE OF IT HAD TO BE SEEN AS A POLITICAL STATEMENT. IT RAISED THE PROBLEM OF WHAT KINDS OF INTELLECTUAL PURSUITS AMERICA NEEDED,-AN ISSUE THAT INVOLVED IMPLICIT NATIONAL SELF-DEFINITION. GIVES A DETAILED ACCOUNT OF THE DEBATE, CULMINATING IN THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. ******************************************** Document 4165 GUIDE TO REFERENCE SOURCES FOR THE SMALL LIBRARY. AIMS TO PROVIDE A SELECT, CRITICALLY ASSESSED LIST OF REFERENCE SOURCES WHICH A SMALL LIBRARY/INFORMATION UNIT COULD USE AS THE BASIS FOR BUILDING A COLLECTION TAILORED TO ITS PARTICULAR NEEDS. THE GUIDE CONSISTS OF A BASIC LIST OF REFERENCE BOOKS, A SUPPLEMENTARY LIST OF REFERENCE BOOKS AND SOURCES OF FURTHER INFORMATION. ******************************************** Document 4166 THE FACTS ABOUT CENSORSHIP IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES. IN THE 1978/79 ACADEMIC YEAR STUDENTS OF THE FREDERIK MULLER SCHOOL OF LIBRARIANSHIP CARRIED OUT A SURVEY INTO CENSORSHIP IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN THE NETHERLANDS. 15 LIBRARIES, VARYING IN SIZE FROM SMALL TOWN TO LARGE CITY LIBRARIES, WERE SELECTED, 5 IN AREAS WITH A STRONG PROTESTANT LEANING, 5 IN ROMAN CATHOLIC AREAS AND 5 IN AREAS WITH NO STRONG RELIGIOUS CONVICTIONS. THE RESULTS SHOWED THAT THE NUMBER OF CONTROVERSIAL BOOKS STOCKED BY LIBRARIES WAS IN DIRECT PROPORTION TO THE SIZE OF THE LIBRARY. IN ADDITION, DESPITE THE ASSURANCES OF ALL LIBRARIANS THAT NO FORM OF CENSORSHIP WAS PRACTISED, FEWER BOOKS OF A POLITICALLY-CONTROVERSIAL OR PORNOGRAPHIC NATURE WERE TO BE FOUND IN LIBRARIES IN RELIGIOUS AREAS. IT IS CLEAR THAT CENSORSHIP IS STILL ALIVE IN THE NETHERLANDS IN 1981 UNDER THE GUISE OF 'REJECTION ON ETHICAL GROUNDS'. ******************************************** Document 4167 THE LITERATURE OF POPULATION STUDIES' CITATION PATTERNS AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL. (DLS THESIS-COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY). STUDY OBJECTIVES WERE (1) TO IDENTIFY JOURNAL TITLES MOST FREQUENTLY CITED BY POPULATION SCIENTISTS PUBLISHING ARTICLES IN 17 JOURNALS IN 1977 AND (2) TO DETERMINE THE COMPREHENSIVENESS OF VARIOUS INDEXING AND ABSTRACTING SERVICES WITH RESPECT TO THEIR COVERAGE OF POPULATION PERIODICAL LITERATURE. THE STUDY WAS ALSO DESIGNED TO IDENTIFY DIFFERENCES IN THE CITATION PATTERNS OF VARIOUS POPULATION STUDY SUB-AREAS. THE TEMPORAL SPAN OF POPULATION LITERATURE CITATION AND TYPES OF DOCUMENT CITED WERE ALSO INVESTIGATED. ******************************************** Document 4168 ARCHIVAL RESOURCES AND WRITING IMMIGRANT AMERICAN HISTORY' THE BUND ARCHIVES OF THE JEWISH LABOR MOVEMENT. PAPER PRESENTED AT LIBRARY HISTORY SEMINAR VI 'LIBRARIES & CULTURE', AUSTIN, TEXAS, 19-22 MAR 80. INCREASINGLY, US HISTORIANS ARE CARRYING OUT RESEARCH INTO THE ACCULTURATION OF IMMIGRANTS TO THE USA. THE ARCHIVES OF THE JEWISH LABOUR BUND, HELD IN NEW YORK CITY ARE ONE OF THE RAREST IMMIGRANT COLLECTIONS, EXCEPTIONAL BECAUSE OF THEIR AGE, THEIR COMPREHENSIVENESS, AND THEIR FOUNDERS' INTENTION TO PRESERVE THE PRESENT FOR THE FUTURE. THE COLLECTION, INCLUDING PAMPHLETS, NEWSPAPERS AND POSTERS WAS ESTABLISHED IN 1899 IN GENEVA, TO SERVE AS THE ARCHIVE-LIBRARY OF THE THEN ILLEGAL SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC JEWISH LABOUR BUND OF RUSSIA, POLAND AND LITHUANIA. DESCRIBES THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ARCHIVES, THE COLLECTION ITSELF, AND ITS VALUE TO HISTORIANS. ******************************************** Document 4169 CITATION PATTERNS AND DOCUMENTATION FOR THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE' SOME METHODOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS. RESEARCH EFFORTS FOR ARCHIVAL PRACTICE MUST AIM AT SHARPENING THE AWARENESS OF THE SALIENT CHARACTERISTICS OF DOCUMENT PRODUCTION AND USE TO HELP ARCHIVISTS TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE ROLE OF DOCUMENTS IN THE HISTORICAL PROCESS. CITATION STUDIES HAVE BEEN USED IN STUDYING PRACTICES AND PATTERNS IN CURRENT SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE, BUT LITTLE HAS BEEN DONE REGARDING HISTORICAL LITERATURE. DESCRIBES A PILOT STUDY IN THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE, BASED ON A REFERENCE COUNT OF FOOTNOTES CITED IN 50 JOURNAL ARTICLES, PUBLISHED IN 1976 AND 77. ALTHOUGH RESULTS ARE PRELIMINARY ONLY, FIGURES HAVE SOME INTEREST IN SUGGESTING GENERAL PATTERNS AND AS AN INDICATION OF WHAT MIGHT BE POSSIBLE WITH MORE SOPHISTICATED TECHNIQUES INVOLVING A LARGER SAMPLE AND IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS. ******************************************** Document 4170 INTRODUCING APPLE II. THE TEXT OF A BOOKLET WHICH PROVIDES ELEMENTARY INSTRUCTION IN USING A COMPUTER, DESIGNED FOR A QUEBEC CHILDREN'S LIBRARY PROJECT TO TEACH COMPUTER LITERACY. A BRIEF GENERAL INTRODUCTION DESCRIBES WHAT A COMPUTER CAN DO, AND HOW TO PROGRAMME IT. SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS WITH EXAMPLES FOLLOW, DEMONSTRATING PROCEDURES FOR BASIC OPERATIONS AND THE RANGE OF THE COMPUTER'S FACILITIES. ******************************************** Document 4171 CITATION HABITS OF HUNGARIAN GENERAL PRACTITIONERS. THE JOURNAL OF THE HUNGARIAN ASSOCIATION OF GENERAL PRACTITIONERS, THE 2MEDICUS UNIVERSALIS1 HAS BEEN REVIEWED WITH RESPECT TO THE NUMBER, TYPE, AND LANGUAGE OF REFERENCES USED BY THE AUTHORS. THE PERIODICALS REFERRED TO HAVE BEEN RANKED. FROM THE 77 ARTICLES IN 1979, 59 REPORTS CONTAINED 1,115 CITATIONS. 353 REFERRED TO REPORTS IN HUNGARIAN AND 762 TO PAPERS IN FOREIGN LANGUAGES. REFERENCES TO ARTICLES IN JOURNALS PREDOMINATED WITH 815 (73%) CITATIONS, AND WAS FOLLOWED IN DECREASING ORDER BY BOOKS AND OTHER DOCUMENTS. CITATIONS IN ORDER OF THE PUBLISHING COUNTRIES' HUNGARY (353), USA (237), UK (194), WEST GERMANY (117), SWITZERLAND (76), FRANCE (57). STUDIES ON LANGUAGE DISTRIBUTION SHOWED THE ORDER PREVAILING IN THE PAST DECADE, I.E. 475 ENGLISH CITATIONS, 225 GERMAN, AND A NEGLIGIBLE AMOUNT OF CITATIONS IN OTHER LANGUAGES. ******************************************** Document 4172 INFORMATION RESOURCES IN TOXICOLOGY. A SELECTIVE, ANNOTATED LIST OF ENGLISH-LANGUAGE INFORMATION RESOURCES AND USEFUL (MAINLY US) ORGANISATIONS CONCERNED WITH THE HEALTH ASPECTS OF TOXICOLOGY. ******************************************** Document 4173 SOCIAL GERONTOLOGY PERIODICALS. THE LITERATURE OF GERONTOLOGY MAY BE FOUND IN THE JOURNALS OF MANY DISCIPLINES AND IN THE POPULAR PRESS. ONLY JOURNALS PUBLISHED IN THE USA AND DEVOTED EXCLUSIVELY OR IN LARGE PART TO THE LITERATURE OF SOCIAL GERONTOLOGY ARE DESCRIBED HERE. JOURNALS INTENDED PRIMARILY FOR THE LAYMAN RATHER THAN FOR THE PROFESSIONAL WORKER ARE NOT INCLUDED, EVEN THOUGH THEY MAY CONTAIN SOME MATERIAL OF INTEREST TO THE PROFESSIONAL. ALL AVAILABLE BIBLIOGRAPHIC INFORMATION IS GIVEN, AND SPECIAL FEATURES OF EACH JOURNAL ARE DESCRIBED. NEWSLETTERS OF MORE THAN LOCAL SIGNIFICANCE ARE LISTED BUT NOT INDIVIDUALLY DESCRIBED. ******************************************** Document 4174 MANAGEMENT INFORMATION' WHERE TO FIND IT. A COMPLETE GUIDE TO SOURCES OF INFORMATION ON ALL ASPECTS OF MANAGEMENT ARRANGED IN THE FORM OF A BIBLIOGRAPHY. EMPHASIS IS PLACED ON MANAGEMENT IN GENERAL, SPECIFIC ASPECTS OF MANAGEMENT (E.G. ORGANISATION DEVELOPMENT, MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS) AND SPECIFIC TYPES OF MANAGEMENT (E.G. FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, HEALTH CARE ADMINISTRATION). ******************************************** Document 4175 OTHER PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE CONFERENCE).P APERS AND SUMMARISED PAPERS FROM THE IAML ANNUAL CONFERENCE, SALZBURG, 1-7 JULY 79. OTHER PAPERS PRESENTED AND SESSIONS HELD INCLUDE THE BROADCASTING LIBRARIES COMMISSION, BY BENGT KYHLBERG, KATALOG KOMMISSION BY KURT DORFMULLER, PUBLIC LIBRARIES COMMISSION, BY ERIC COOPER, THE ITALIAN RISM GROUP' A REPORT ON ITS ACTIVITY (1975-1979) AND A PLAN TO MEET FUTURE TASKS, BY ELVIDIO SURIAN, AND RILM THESAURUS SUB-COMMISSION BY KATHLEEN TOOMLY. ******************************************** Document 4176 LIBRARIES AND COLLECTIONS. NOTES ON THOSE PARTS OF THE BRITISH FILM INSTITUTE LIBRARY AND THE NATIONAL FILM ARCHIVE (BOTH IN LONDON) COLLECTIONS RELEVANT TO THE STUDY OF US MEDIA. THE INSTITUTE'S BOOK CATALOGUE RECORDS 1,000 ITEMS SPECIFICALLY ABOUT THE US CINEMA; THE INSTITUTE ALSO HOLDS OVER 150 US PERIODICALS, OF WHICH OVER 60 ARE CURRENTLY TAKEN. THE ARCHIVE HAS OVER 40,000 FILMS AND TELEVISION PROGRAMMES, MANY FROM THE USA; IT ALSO HAS 850 US NON-FICTION FILMS AND MUCH OF ITS ENORMOUS STILL, POSTERS AND DESIGNS COLLECTION IS CONNECTED WITH US MATERIAL. ******************************************** Document 4177 IN SEARCH OF 'ETERNAL' PROBLEMS; YOUNG PEOPLE AND THE CLASSICS: THE CONDITIONS FOR UNDERSTANDING. LIBRARY FICTION ISSUES COMPRISE 2.5% OF TOTAL ISSUES, CLASSICS AMOUNTING TO 5% OF THIS. IMPORTANCE OF PROMOTING CLASSICAL FICTION IS UNDERVALUED. CHILDREN READ CLASSICS AS PART OF THE SCHOOL SYLLABUS BUT BID FAREWELL TO THEM ON LEAVING. CLASSICAL LITERATURE'S ROLE IN EDUCATION IS UNDERESTIMATED BECAUSE OF FEELINGS THAT CHILDREN ARE TOO YOUNG TO UNDERSTAND THEM OR ARE NOT INTERESTED. CHILDREN SHOULD BE TAUGHT HOW EVERYTHING 'INTERCONNECTS' IN RUSSIAN LITERATURE, WHICH ASKS THE SAME ETERNAL QUESTIONS AS 'MODERNS'. RUSSIAN CLASSICS OUGHT TO BECOME INDISPENSABLE TO YOUNG PEOPLE'S LIVES. SCHOOLS AND LIBRARIES MUST FAMILIARISE CHILDREN WITH THE CLASSICS, COMBINING TOWARDS THEIR INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT. ******************************************** Document 4178 HARBORING TRADITION WITH COMPUTERS, BINDINGS, AND GENEALOGICAL COLLECTIONS. THE MACON/BIBB COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY, GEORGIA, IS ONE OF THE USA'S MOST AUTOMATED PUBLIC LIBRARIES, BUT ITS SERVICES ARE BASED UPON THE TRADITIONAL CONCEPT THAT PATRONS COME TO A LIBRARY TO SEEK GOOD BOOKS AND RELIABLE ANSWERS TO THEIR QUESTIONS. MACON OFFERS A 15,000 VOLUME OF GENEALOGICAL WORKS-THE WASHINGTON MEMORIAL LIBRARY'S GENEALOGICAL AND HISTORICAL ROOM. IT WAS FOUNDED IN 1923 BY THE MARY HAMMOND WASHINGTON CHAPTER DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. MATERIALS INCLUDE BOOKS OF ABSTRACTED WILLS, DEEDS, MARRIAGES AND MILITARY RECORDS FROM THE ORIGINAL 13 STATES. THE ROOM ATTRACTS LOCAL PATRONS AND NON-RESIDENT RESEARCHERS. ******************************************** Document 4179 LIBRARY PLANNING AND COOPERATION IN WEST GERMANY. DESCRIBES THE ORGANISATION AND OPERATION OF THE LIBRARY SYSTEM IN WEST GERMANY, WHERE RESPONSIBILITY IS SHARED BETWEEN REGIONAL AND NATIONAL LEVELS. OUTLINES THE STRUCTURE OF THE SYSTEM, WHICH ALLOCATES CONTROL TO REGIONAL OR SUPRA-REGIONAL AUTHORITIES AS APPROPRIATE; SHOWS HOW NETWORK COOPERATION FUNCTIONS; AND GIVES DETAILS OF PROJECTS IN HAND FOR IMPROVING DOCUMENT DELIVERY, MODERNISING EQUIPMENT, AND FACILITATING ACCESS TO ARCHIVE MATERIAL. DESCRIPTIONS OF 3 MAJOR LIBRARIES SERVE TO ILLUSTRATE THE LEVEL OF SERVICE AVAILABLE AT NATIONAL LEVEL. ******************************************** Document 4180 TIME MANAGEMENT IN LIBRARIES. PRESENTS THE MAIN POINTS COVERED BY PETER QUARRY IN A TALK AT A SCHOOL LIBRARY ASSOCIATION OF VICTORIA (AUSTRALIA) SOUTH-EASTERN BRANCH MEETING, MAR 81. PRESENTS 3 BASIC STEPS FOR MORE EFFICIENT TIME MANAGEMENT IN LIBRARIES' (1) AUDIT (A DIARY DETAILING HOW TIME IS SPENT FOR AT LEAST 2 DAYS AND PREFERABLY FOR A WEEK); (2) ANALYSIS (AS SERIES OF QUESTIONS CONCERNING TIME SPENT ON EACH TASK, WHETHER TASKS CAN BE DELEGATED, WHETHER TASKS ARE GIVEN TOO MUCH TIME OR NEGLECTED COMPLETELY-THIS SHOULD EXPOSE THE ENEMY, TIME WASTERS); AND (3) ACTION (THE AIM BEING TO ELIMINATE TIME WASTERS, ORGANISE THE AVAILABLE TIME EFFICIENTLY, AND DELEGATE TASKS WHERE POSSIBLE). ******************************************** Document 4181 LIBRARY LONG-RANGE PLANNING' A SURVEY OF CURRENT PRACTICES. A QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY OF LIBRARY DIRECTORS IN THE STATE OF MISSOURI REVEALS THAT APPROXIMATELY 37% CURRENTLY ENGAGE IN LONG-RANGE PLANNING. ANALYSIS OF THESE PLANS INDICATES THAT THEY ARE MORE OPERATIONS-ORIENTED THAN STRATEGY-ORIENTED. MOST ARE PREPARED ON AN INFORMAL BASIS BY THE DIRECTORS AND THEIR STAFFS WITHOUT BENEFIT OF A FORMAL PLANNING METHODOLOGY. A MAJORITY OF THE LIBRARY DIRECTORS NOT CURRENTLY ENGAGED IN PLANNING EXPRESS A NEED TO DO SO IN THE FUTURE. ******************************************** Document 4182 RESOURCE IDENTIFICATION WORKSHOPS AND FORUM FOR RESOURCE SHARING, 1979. A REPORT TO THE STATE COUNCIL OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN VIRGINIA. DESCRIBES A SERIES OF WORKSHOPS AND A FORUM HELD TO IDENTIFY AND ASSESS EXISTING COLLECTIONS IN NORTHERN VIRGINIA INSTITUTIONS (LIBRARIES, UNIVERSITIES, AGENCIES, ETC.) IN THE FOLLOWING SUBJECT AREAS; NON-PRINT MATERIALS, CHILDREN'S LITERATURE, CONSUMER EDUCATION, HEALTH SCIENCES, LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE, LOCAL HISTORY AND GENEALOGY, MAPS, ORAL HISTORY, RELIGION, AND SERVICES TO THE HANDICAPPED. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 4183 OPPORTUNITIES FOR COOPERATION' PAPUA NEW GUINEA. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE LAA/NZLA CONFERENCE, CHRISTCHURCH, NEW ZEALAND, JANUARY 81. FOR AN ABSTRACT OF THIS PAPER 2SEE 182/157. ******************************************** Document 4184 NETWORKING IN SCI-TECH LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION CENTERS).S PECIAL ISSUE DEVOTED TO COOPERATION IN SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL LIBRARIES INTRODUCED BY JAMES B. DODD. FOR INDIVIDUAL PAPERS 2SEE1 THE FOLLOWING SERIAL NUMBERS'. ******************************************** Document 4185 PUBLIC LIBRARY COOPERATION AND COOPERATIVES' A HISTORICAL OVERVIEW. TRACES THE DEVELOPMENT OF US INTERLIBRARY COOPERATION DURING THE 20TH CENTURY. UNSTRUCTURED COOPERATION, INDICATED BY SUCH ACTIVITIES AS THE NATIONAL UNION CATALOG AT THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS (1901) AND THE 1ST INTERLIBRARY LOAN CODE (1917), CONTINUES TODAY. SINCE WORLD WAR II, STRUCTURED COOPERATION, INCLUDING REGIONAL NETWORKS, SPECIAL ACTIVITIES, AND MULTIPURPOSE COOPERATIVES, HAS BECOME MORE PROMINENT. A DEFINITION OF LIBRARY COOPERATION IS OFFERED, AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE TERMS SYSTEM, NETWORK, AND CONSORTIUM ARE EXPLORED. PROBABLE FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS IN LIBRARY COOPERATION ARE MENTIONED, INCLUDING APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY AND POTENTIAL POLITICAL BENEFITS OF MULTITYPE LIBRARY COOPERATION. ******************************************** Document 4186 NETWORKING: AN EFFECTIVE RESPONSE TO CHANGE. EDITED VERSION OF THE OPENING ADDRESS AT THE SEMINAR RESOURCE NETWORKING-A RESPONSE TO THE NEW TECHNOLOGY, ORGANISED BY THE LIBRARY BRANCH, EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF VICTORIA (AUSTRALIA), OCT 80. DISCUSSES THE INTEREST IN RESOURCE SHARING PROGRAMMES AND NETWORKS, TYPES OF COOPERATION IN THE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT, THE MEANING OF THE TERM 'LIBRARY NETWORK', AND FEATURES OF A WELL-DEVELOPED NETWORK. ******************************************** Document 4187 THE ENGINEERING SOCIETIES LIBRARY AND THE NEW YORK STATE INTERLIBRARY LOAN PROGRAM' ONE SPECIAL LIBRARY'S EXPERIENCE IN A NETWORK. DEALS WITH THE PRACTICES AND EXPERIENCES OF THE ENGINEERING SOCIETIES LIBRARY AS THEY PERTAIN TO ITS PARTICIPATION IN THE NEW YORK STATE INTERLIBRARY LOAN (NYSILL) PROGRAMME. A BRIEF GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE LIBRARY WILL BE FOLLOWED BY A SHORT REVIEW OF THE NYSILL OPERATION AND THEN A STUDY OF THE DAILY OPERATIONS OF THE PROGRAMME AS THEY ARE HANDLED AT THE ENGINEERING SOCIETIES LIBRARY. ******************************************** Document 4188 ASPECTS OF CO-OPERATION, FUNDING PRODUCTION, COPYRIGHT, TALENT-SHARING UNION LISTS, INTERLENDING. ARGUES THE CASE FOR COOPERATION BETWEEN PUBLIC LIBRARIES AND OTHER INSTITUTIONS SPECIFICALLY SERVING THE PRINT-HANDICAPPED. A SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING AUDIO CASSETTES IS PROPOSED AS AN EXAMPLE, PRESUMING ONLY THE EXISTING RESOURCES AND FUNDING, WITHOUT RELYING ON GOVERNMENT GRANTS. ******************************************** Document 4189 COOPERATIVE PROGRAM FOR COLLECTING GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS BETWEEN DEPOSITORY AND NON-DEPOSITORY LIBRARIES. NON-DEPOSITORY LIBRARIES CAN INCREASE THE NUMBER OF GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS AVAILABLE WITHIN A REGION BY DEVELOPING COOPERATIVE STORAGE AND HANDLING AGREEMENTS WITH AREA DEPOSITORY LIBRARIES. ALL CONDITIONS OF USE AND RETENTION FOR DEPOSITORY MATERIALS APPLY, AND ACTUAL DOCUMENTS REMAIN THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE DESIGNATED DEPOSITORY LIBRARY. THE DETAILS OF SUCH A COOPERATIVE PROGRAMME BETWEEN RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE AND TROY PUBLIC LIBRARY ARE DESCRIBED. ******************************************** Document 4190 STANDARDS, SPECIFICATIONS, AND CODES' A UNION LIST APPROACH TO RESOURCE SHARING IN THE CHICAGO METROPOLITAN AREA. AS A RESULT OF MORE SOPHISTICATED TECHNOLOGY AND A GROWING CONSUMER PRESSURE FOR PRODUCT RELIABILITY, MANUFACTURERS, ENGINEERS, GOVERNMENTAL REPRESENTATIVES, AND THE GENERAL PUBLIC ALIKE ARE REQUIRING IMPROVED ACCESS TO STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS. TRADITIONALLY, THIS INFORMATION RESOURCE HAS BEEN DIFFICULT TO IDENTIFY, TO CONTROL, AND TO SERVICE. AS A RESPONSE TO THIS PROBLEM, A SMALL TASK FORCE OF CHICAGO AREA TECHNICAL LIBRARIANS CONDUCTED A SURVEY OF AREA USERS TO ASCERTAIN WHAT STANDARDS COLLECTIONS WERE AVAILABLE, WHAT THE LEVEL OF NEED FOR STANDARDS MIGHT ACTUALLY BE, AND THE EXTENT TO WHICH EXISTING COLLECTIONS MIGHT BE SHARED AMONG USERS. ******************************************** Document 4191 TOWARDS LIBRARY UNIFICATION. A TEXT PREPARED BY THE PUBLIC LIBRARIES SECTION OF THE ASSOCIATION DES BIBLIOTHECAIRES FRANCAIS (ABF) TO SUPPORT THE 1981 CONFERENCE MOTION ON LIBRARY UNIFICATION. A PRELIMINARY DISCUSSION BRIEFLY INTRODUCES THE ISSUES INVOLVED IN ESTABLISHING AN INTEGRATED NATIONAL NETWORK, IN THE FACE OF A GOVERNMENT POLICY OF DECENTRALISATION. THE ABF PROGRAMME FOR ACHIEVING UNIFICATION IN SERVICE PROVISION, PERSONNEL ALLOCATION, AND PERSONNEL TRAINING, IS THEN ELABORATED. IN EACH CASE DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF THE EXISTING ORGANISATION OF RESOURCES, THE ADVANTAGES OF UNIFICATION OUTLINED, AND THE MEANS OF IMPLEMENTING A POLICY OF INTEGRATION INDICATED. ******************************************** Document 4192 PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION OF INFORMATION IN THE UNIVERSITY. ARGUES THAT THE INFORMATION SPECIALIST SHOULD, IN MEDIATING BETWEEN PRODUCERS AND CONSUMERS, EXERCISE DISCRIMINATION IN ASSESSING INFORMATION NEEDS AND ADOPT A QUALITATIVE RATHER THAN A QUANTITATIVE APPROACH. DISCUSSES THE QUANTITATIVE STUDIES OF INFORMATION PRODUCTION PUBLISHED OVER THE LAST 20 YEARS, AND PROPOSES AN ALTERNATIVE VIEWPOINT BASED ON BAUDRILLARD'S SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF CONSUMPTION, EMPHASISING THE SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF CONSUMER DEMANDS. IF THE SOCIOLOGICAL PRESSURES BEHIND USER NEEDS ARE UNDERSTOOD, THE INFORMATION SPECIALIST IS THEN ABLE TO BOTH MONITOR USER REQUIREMENTS AND EXERCISE SOME INFLUENCE OVER THE PRODUCTION OF INFORMATION DESIGNED TO MEET SOCIAL PRESSURES RATHER THAN INTELLECTUAL OBJECTIVES. ******************************************** Document 4193 PUBLIC LIBRARIES AS A COMPULSORY PROVISION BY LOCAL AUTHORITIES. AN INCREASING NUMBER OF PEOPLE BELIEVE THAT THE POSITION OF LOCAL AUTHORITY CULTURAL SERVICES MUST BE CLARIFIED IN THE 1980S. THE LIBRARY SERVICE IS A PART OF LOCAL CULTURE THAT CANNOT BE OVERLOOKED AND SO IT IS ESSENTIAL FOR EACH LIBRARY TO COOPERATE WITH OTHER LIBRARIES, CULTURAL ORGANISATIONS AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATORS. A DECISION IS NEEDED AS TO WHETHER LOCAL AUTHORITIES ARE NOT ONLY ENTITLED BUT ALSO OBLIGED TO ADMINISTER PUBLIC LIBRARIES. THE CONCEPT OF A NATIONAL LIBRARY LAW SHOULD BE RENOUNCED IN FAVOUR OF A CONCEPT WHEREBY LOCAL AUTHORITIES IMPOSE ON THEMSELVES THE OBLIGATION TO PROVIDE PUBLIC LIBRARIES. LOCAL COMMUNITIES SHOULD DRAW UP THEIR OWN LIBRARY PLANS AND PROVIDE THE MONEY; EACH STATE SHOULD THEN PROVIDE FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FOR LIBRARY WORK OUTSIDE THESE AREAS. ******************************************** Document 4194 THE LIBRARY BILL AND THE DANISH LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. THE OFFICIAL STATEMENT OF THE DANISH LIBRARY ASSOCIATION ON THE MINISTRY OF CULTURE'S LIBRARY BILL OF 24 SEPT 81. THE ASSOCIATION SUPPORTS THIS PROPOSAL, BUT WITH SOME RESERVATIONS. THUS IT SUPPORTS THE INCLUSION OF BOTH PUBLIC AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES IN ONE ACT, BUT OPPOSES THE DECISION TO REMOVE SCHOOL LIBRARIES. IT SUPPORTS THE PROPOSED AMALGAMATION OF THE LIBRARY INSPECTORATE AND THE OFFICE OF NATIONAL LIBRARIAN, AND THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A LIBRARY COUNCIL, ALBEIT WITH A DIFFERENT COMPOSITION. IT WOULD HAVE LIKED TO SEE ART COLLECTIONS PUT ON A PAR WITH MUSIC COLLECTIONS, AND LIBRARY PROVISION FOR INTERMEDIATE EDUCATION AND OUTREACH ACTIVITIES MADE OBLIGATORY. THE LIBRARY CENTRE, OF WHOSE BOARD THE ASSOCIATION HAS A MAJORITY MEMBERSHIP, IS WILLING TO COOPERATE IN DISCUSSIONS ON THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY AND URGES THAT ITS FINANCING BE CLARIFIED SOON. THE ASSOCIATION REGARDS THE AMOUNT SET ASIDE FOR TRANSITION OF P ART-TIME LIBRARIES TO FULL-TIME STATUS TOO LOW. IT SUPPORTS THE CHANGE TO BLOCK GRANT FINANCING. ******************************************** Document 4195 STATUTES AND THE PROVISION OF LIBRARY SERVICES FOR THE PRINT HANDICAPPED. CONTRASTS THE EDUCATION ACT, 1958 (VICTORIA), WHICH ATTEMPTS TO FINANCE PROVISION FOR SERVICES FOR HANDICAPPED CHILDREN IN CONJUNCTION WITH THEIR NORMAL SCHOOLING WITH THE WESTERN AUSTRALIAN ACT WHICH STRESSES THE SEPARATE PROVISION FOR HANDICAPPED AND OTHER CHILDREN. METHODS OF INDIRECT REGULATION IN THE FORM OF FUNDING WITH CONDITIONS ATTACHED ARE DISCUSSED AS IS THE CHOICE AMONG FUNDING POSSIBILITIES. NOTES CONSTITUTIONAL PROBLEMS RELATED TO THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A NATIONAL SCHEME FOR LIBRARY SERVICES FOR THE HANDICAPPED. ******************************************** Document 4196 SELF-EVALUATION GUIDELINES FOR SPECIAL LIBRARIES' A REVIEW OF POSSIBILITIES. PROJECT FINANCED BY THE BRITISH LIBRARY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT. THE COLLECTION AND COLLATION OF VIEWS ON REQUIREMENTS FOR A SELF-EVALUATION METHODS PACKAGE FOR SPECIAL LIBRARIES WAS FOLLOWED BY THE DESIGNING, TESTING AND EVALUATION OF POSSIBLE TOOLS. ******************************************** Document 4197 LIBRARY STATISTICS-PROOF OF EXECUTED WORK OR A STEERING AID TOWARDS INCREASED EFFECTIVENESS?. THE IMPORTANCE OF STATISTICAL INFORMATION AS A MEANS FOR LIBRARY MANAGEMENT AND PLANNING IS STRESSED. TO ATTAIN A BETTER PERFORMANCE MEASURING OF ROUTINE SERVICE OPERATIONS IS NOT ENOUGH BUT ALSO HAVE TO INCLUDE USER PERFORMANCE IN ORDER TO PROMOTE A BETTER UTILISATION OF LIBRARY RESOURCES. ******************************************** Document 4198 LIBRARY MANAGEMENT IN TIMES OF ECONOMIC CONSTRAINTS. 3 PAPERS READ AT A 1-DAY SEMINAR, MAY 81. 'THE PUBLIC LIBRARY', BY PATRICK D. GEE; 'THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY', BY A. GRAHAM MACKENZIE AND 'THE POLYTECHNIC LIBRARY', BY D.H. REVILL. ******************************************** Document 4199 A GLOSSARY OF MANAGEMENT TERMS. THE GLOSSARY COMPRISES WORKING DEFINITIONS OF TERMS COMMONLY IN USE IN THE VARIOUS SUBJECT AREAS OF LIBRARY MANAGEMENT. ******************************************** Document 4200 LIBRARY INFORMATION HANDBOOK' HANDBOOK OF STANDARD TERMINOLOGY FOR REPORTING AND RECORDING INFORMATION ABOUT LIBRARIES. 1979 PRELIMINARY DRAFT. COVERS THE BASIC MANAGEMENT INFORMATION NEEDS IN ACADEMIC, PUBLIC, SCHOOL AND SPECIAL LIBRARIES AND OUTLINES THE TYPES OF INFORMATION USEFUL FOR COMMUNICATING DATA ABOUT LIBRARY RESOURCES AND LIBRARY PROGRAMMES. A GLOSSARY OF TERMS IS PROVIDED AS A GUIDE TO DATA ELEMENTS WHICH ARE USED FOR RECORDING, REPORTING AND EXCHANGING DATA ABOUT LIBRARY RESOURCES AND LIBRARY PROGRAMMES. ******************************************** Document 4201 LIBRARY RESOURCE ALLOCATION. METHODOLOGICAL ATTEMPT TO ANALYSE AND FIND SOLUTIONS TO THE COMPLICATED PROBLEMS OF PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES. THE FOCUS OF THE STUDY IS ON RECENTLY ESTABLISHED LIBRARIES, ESPECIALLY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. SPECIFIC FINDINGS OF STUDIES CONDUCTED RECENTLY AT AN INDIAN UNIVERSITY ARE ALSO PRESENTED. ******************************************** Document 4202 THE TEC REPORT FOR THE 1982-84 TRIENNIUM. DISCUSSES THE AUSTRALIAN TERTIARY EDUCATION COUNCIL'S REPORT 1982-84 AS IT AFFECTS THE FINANCE AND SERVICES OF COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES. CONCLUDES THAT LIBRARY FUNDING DURING THIS PERIOD WILL DECLINE UNLESS INDIVIDUAL INSTITUTIONS PRESERVE THEIR LIBRARIES AT THE EXPENSE OF OTHER AREAS. ******************************************** Document 4203 LEVELS OF OUTPUT RELATED TO COST OF OPERATION OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL LIBRARIES. PART 1' TECHNIQUES AND CUMULATIVE STATISTICS. THE LORCOST PROJECT WAS UNDERTAKEN TO DEVELOP A QUANTITATIVE PICTURE OF COSTS AND SERVICES AT SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL LIBRARIES IN THE USA BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF A MATHEMATICAL MODEL. ******************************************** Document 4204 LEVELS OF OUTPUT RELATED TO COST OF OPERATION OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL LIBRARIES: PART 2. A CAPACITY MODEL OF THE AVERAGE COST FORMULA. AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS HAS BEEN MADE OF COST AND SERVICE DATA REPRESENTING 65 SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL LIBRARIES. THE DATA INCLUDE LIBRARIES IN A VARIETY OF INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENTS, RANGING IN OPERATING BUDGET FROM $20,000 TO $2,000,000 PER YEAR. ALL THE DATA ARE WELL DESCRIBED BY A SINGLE FORMULA, WHICH EXHIBITS ECONOMIES OF SCALE, AND FIXED RELATIVE UNIT COST OF THE VARIOUS DIMENSIONS OF SERVICE. (FOR PART 1 SEE PREVIOUS ABSTRACT). ******************************************** Document 4205 ECONOMIES THAT AFFECT THE HEART OF THE SERVICE' A 2BUCH UND BIBLIOTHEK1 DISCUSSION ON ASSISTED LIBRARY BUDGETS. REPORT OF DISCUSSION BETWEEN FRIEDRICH ANDRAE, KLAUS HOHLFELD, ULRICH THIEM, HANS JOACHIM VOGT AND 2BUCH UND BIBLIOTHEK1 HELD AT THE GERMAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION'S ANNUAL CONFERENCE IN BREMEN, NOV 81. IT IS A LIBRARIAN'S JOB TO PROMOTE THE USE OF BOOKS, A JOB WHICH MUST BE TAKEN MORE SERIOUSLY THAN EVER BEFORE. RECENT SURVEYS HAVE SHOWN THAT ABOUT 40% OF THE POPULATION ARE LIBRARY USERS. WHERE POSSIBLE, ECONOMIES SHOULD BE MADE IN WORKING METHODS RATHER THAN IN SERVICES; THIS DEMANDS MORE CENTRALISATION. IT IS BETTER TO PUT BOOKS IN LAUNDRY BASKETS ON WINDOW LEDGES AND ON PAVEMENTS THAN TO TAKE THEM AWAY FROM THE PUBLIC COMPLETELY OR TO MAKE THEM AVAILABLE ONLY FOR RESTRICTED PERIODS. LIBRARIES MAKE A VALUABLE CONTRIBUTION TOWARDS THE MASTERY OF LIFE'S PROBLEMS, AN ARGUMENT WHICH POLITICIANS AND ADMINISTRATORS ARE BEGINNING TO APPRECIATE. ******************************************** Document 4206 THE WILL TO SURVIVE. DISCUSSES THE CUTBACKS IN SERVICES TO CHILDREN IN THE USA THROUGH PUBLIC AND SCHOOL LIBRARIES AND PROBLEMS OF ACCESS TO RESOURCES. TURNING POINTS IN PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICE TO CHILDREN SEEM TO REVOLVE AROUND 3 FACTORS' USE OF THE GENERALIST APPROACH IN PROVIDING SERVICE; THE CHANGING STATUS OF THE CENTRAL CHILDREN'S LIBRARY; AND DEVELOPING SCHOOL/PUBLIC LIBRARY COOPERATION. CHILDREN'S LIBRARIANS MUST EXERT PRESSURE FOR EXAMINATION OF LIBRARY SCHOOL CURRICULA AND RECOMMENDED PROGRAMMES THAT PREPARE CHILDREN'S LIBRARY SPECIALISTS. ******************************************** Document 4207 IT IS USELESS TO ECONOMISE WHEN MONEY IS IN SHORT SUPPLY. THE GERMAN ECONOMY IS ADAPTING WITH DIFFICULTY TO THE RECESSION, TO THE DETRIMENT OF PUBLIC BUDGETS. CULTURE IS IMPORTANT DURING ECONOMIC CRISES, THEREFORE CULTURAL BODIES CANNOT RENEGE ON THEIR SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES. THRIFT MAY NOT ALWAYS BE THE MOST ECONOMIC PROCEDURE. AN ANALYSIS IS MADE OF STATISTICS ON LIBRARY EXPENDITURE BY LARGE AND SMALL LOCAL AUTHORITIES IN WEST GERMANY IN 1975-79 TO ILLUSTRATE THE IMPORTANCE OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STAFFING COSTS AND THE TOTAL BUDGET. A CAREFUL LIBRARY POLICY MUST RECOGNISE THE POSSIBILITIES AND LIMITATIONS OF ADAPTING TO THE FINANCIAL SITUATION IN THE LIGHT OF ITS SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES. IF RATIONALISATION METHODS ARE CARRIED OUT EFFICIENTLY, THE LIBRARY SERVICE CAN ADAPT IN THE RIGHT WAY. ******************************************** Document 4208 ONLINE IN SAUDI ARABIA. FACTORS INHIBITING THE USE OF COMPUTERS IN SAUDI LIBRARIES ARE OUTLINED. THE RECENT TREND TOWARDS A GROWTH IN THE USE OF COMPUTERS, IN SPITE OF DIFFICULTIES, IS NOTED IN THE LIGHT OF LABOUR SHORTAGES AND STAFFING PROBLEMS. USE OF COMPUTERS IS SEEN AS ONE WAY TO IMPROVE LIBRARY SERVICES WITHOUT EXPANDING STAFF. ******************************************** Document 4209 MICROCOMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN ARCHIVES' A STUDY IN PROGRESS. STATE OF THE ART REPORT ON THE USE OF MICROCOMPUTERS IN ARCHIVAL WORK IN THE USA AND CANADA. INCREASINGLY, THE COMPUTER IS USED AS AN ADMINISTRATIVE TOOL AND AS AN ASSISTANT IN THE MANAGEMENT OF INFORMATION. THE 1ST STEPS HAVE BEEN TAKEN IN ESTABLISHING AUTOMATIC DATA PROCESSING OF ARCHIVES, AND THERE ARE DEVELOPMENTS IN THE AREA OF AUTOMATED ARCHIVAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, ALTHOUGH THIS FIELD PRESENTS EVEN GREATER CHALLENGES AND DEFICIENCIES. DISCUSSES MICROCOMPUTERS AS AN ARCHIVAL TOOL, AND CONCENTRATES PARTICULARLY ON THE MARS PROJECT-MICROCOMPUTER ARCHIVES AND RECORDS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, AT THE ARCHIVES OF APPALACHIA, EAST TENNESSEE STATE UNIVERSITY. ******************************************** Document 4210 AUTOMATED NETWORKS FOR CANADIAN SCI-TECH LIBRARIES: STILL AN ANOMALY?. LOOKS AT THE STATE OF NETWORKING ACTIVITIES OF THE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LIBRARIES OPERATING IN THE ACADEMIC, PRIVATE, AND PUBLIC DOMAINS OF CANADA. A RECENT SURVEY SHOWED THESE LIBRARIES TO BE VERY INVOLVED WITH AUTOMATION AND ENGAGED IN VARIOUS COOPERATIVE ENDEAVOURS, BOTH INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL TO THE LIBRARY'S ORGANISATION. HOWEVER, VERY FEW SCI-TECH LIBRARIES WERE FOUND TO BE NETWORKING. SOME OF THE REASONS FOR THIS ARE GIVEN AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR THE FUTURE ARE EXPLORED. ******************************************** Document 4211 ALS UPDATE. UPDATE OF SOME DEVELOPMENTS OF ALS (2SEE1 80/2268). THESE DEVELOPMENTS INCLUDE A BROWSER TERMINAL, THE LINE PROTECT UNIT, A BAR CODE READER AND AN IMPROVED VERSION OF THE INTELLIGENT TERMINAL. ******************************************** Document 4212 AN INFORMAL SURVEY OF OPERATIONAL MICROPROCESSOR-BASED SYSTEMS, AUTUMN, 1979. TRADITIONALLY COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN LIBRARIES HAVE BEEN LIMITED, BOTH IN SCALE AND TYPE, BY THE RELATIVELY HIGH PRICE OF CONVENTIONAL COMPUTER EQUIPMENT. ADVANCES IN MICROELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY, AND ESPECIALLY MICROPROCESSOR-BASED MACHINES, SUCH AS MICROCOMPUTERS AND WORD PROCESSORS, HAVE THE POTENTIAL FOR RADICALLY ALTERING THIS SITUATION. REPORTS ON A SURVEY UNDERTAKEN BY ASLIB TO SEE HOW FAR THIS TECHNOLOGY HAS PENETRATED THE LIBRARY AND INFORMATION WORLD. SYSTEMS IN THE VARIOUS ORGANISATIONS VISITED ARE DESCRIBED, AS WELL AS THE APPLICATIONS FOR WHICH THEY ARE UTILISED. ******************************************** Document 4213 AD HOC SUBCOMMITTEE ON STAFFING REPORT TO THE LIBRARY ADVISORY COMMITTEE OF THE STATE COUNCIL OF THE HIGHER EDUCATION FOR VIRGINIA. BECAUSE THE STAFFING FORMULA MANDATED BY VIRGINIA'S STATE COUNCIL OF HIGHER EDUCATION YIELDED UNREALISTICALLY LOW NUMBERS OF LIBRARY PERSONNEL FOR THE LARGER INSTITUTIONS AND FOR MULTI-CAMPUS COMMUNITY COLLEGES, THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON STAFFING OF THE LIBRARY ADVISORY COMMITTEE WAS CHARGED WITH DEVELOPING A MORE SUITABLE FORMULA. GENERALLY, THE SUBCOMMITTEE CONCLUDED THAT THE BASIC FORMULA DEVELOPED BY THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK COULD BE MODIFIED TO SUIT THE PARTICULAR PERSONNEL NEEDS OF VIRGINIA'S ACADEMIC LIBRARIES, AND THAT THE DEFINITIONS OF ALL FORMULA INPUT VARIABLES SHOULD BE REEXAMINED AND CLARIFIED WHERE NECESSARY. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 4214 OPTIMIZING LIBRARY STAFFING PROFILES WITHIN STATE GUIDELINES TO ACCOMMODATE PEAK DEMANDS' RADFORD UNIVERSITY LIBRARY STAFFING REPORT. DETERMINES THE PERIODS OF PEAK DEMANDS ON LIBRARY SERVICES IN THE RADFORD UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, ESTABLISHES STAFFING PROFILES TO MEET THESE DEMANDS, AND PROJECTS CHANGES IN STAFFING LEVELS WHICH MAY IN THE FUTURE MODIFY THE LIBRARY'S SERVICE CAPABILITIES. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 4215 WE ARE BUILDING A MODEL PUBLIC LIBRARY. REPORTING ABOUT THE MEETING OF REPRESENTATIVES ON THE OCCASION OF THE AWARD OF PRIZES TO THE WINNERS OF THE 31ST ANNUAL NATIONAL COMPETITION FOR THE TITLE MODEL PUBLIC LIBRARY, SOME THOUGHTS ARE GIVEN TO VARIOUS ASPECTS OF PUBLIC LIBRARY ACTIVITIES WITHIN THE SOCIALIST SOCIETY' READER SERVICES CONCERNING POLITICAL AND SOCIAL LITERATURE, SUBSCRIPTION TO PERIODICALS, ATTENTION TO THE YOUNG GENERATION, HELP TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL SOCIALIST COMRADESHIP, ETC. FUTURE TRENDS AND REPORTS FROM VARIOUS LIBRARIES ARE GIVEN. ******************************************** Document 4216 GIVE THE PART-TIME LIBRARIAN A CHANCE. A TALK GIVEN TO THE ASSOCIATION OF PART-TIME LIBRARIANS, GROUP C OF THE DANISH LIBRARY ASSOCIATION, AT ITS 25 YEARS' JUBILEE, OCT 81, BY A FORMER CHAIRMAN. WHEN THE ASSOCIATION WAS FORMED IN 1956, AS AN ASSOCIATION OF PARISH LIBRARIANS, THE POSITION AS PART-TIME LIBRARIAN WAS USUALLY HONORARY AND UNPAID, A FACT WHICH CAUSED LACK OF ESTEEM FOR THE JOB. THERE WAS LITTLE INTEREST IN MEMBERSHIP AND THE ASSOCIATION HAD TO BE FINANCIALLY SUPPORTED BY THE GROUP OF PARISH LIBRARY COMMITTEES, THE MEMBERS' EMPLOYERS. HOSTILITY HAS BEEN MET FROM THE LIBRARIANS' ASSOCIATION AND LATER THE LIBRARIANS' UNION, UNNECESSARILY, AS THE PART-TIME LIBRARIANS ON THE WHOLE RECOGNISE THE ULTIMATE GOAL OF FULL-TIME LIBRARIES STAFFED BY PROFESSIONAL LIBRARIANS, BUT INSIST ON SATISFACTORY TRANSITIONAL ARRANGEMENTS. THERE SHOULD BE A CHANCE FOR PART-TIME LIBRARIANS THROUGH SUPPLEMENTARY COURSES TO QUALIFY AS LIBRARIANS, AND IT IS POSSIBLE FOR THE PROFESSIONALS AND THE NON-PROFESS IONALS TO WORK SIDE BY SIDE. ******************************************** Document 4217 STAFF AND SALARIES IN AUSTRALIAN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN 1981. UPDATE OF TABLES OF ESTABLISHMENTS AND SALARIES AT AUSTRALIAN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES 1ST PUBLISHED IN 2AUST. ACAD. RES. LIBR1. 3 (4) 1973. TABULATED INFORMATION IS PROVIDED ON LIBRARY NAME, TITLE OF POST, SALARY/SALARY RANGE AND COMMENTS/EQUIVALENCES RELATING TO (1) DEPUTY/ASSOCIATE LIBRARIANS; (2) SENIOR LIBRARIANS; (3) LIBRARIANS; (4) LIBRARY ASSISTANTS/LIBRARY OFFICERS; (OR THE EQUIVALENT IN EACH CASE). COMMENTS ARE ALSO MADE ON TRADE UNIONS AND STAFF ASSOCIATIONS. ******************************************** Document 4218 BUILDING AND REBUILDING, THE PROVISION AND EQUIPPING OF LIBRARIES FOR CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE. REPORT ON A FURTHER TRAINING SEMINAR HELD BY THE DEUTSCHES BIBLIOTHEKSINSTITUT (GERMAN LIBRARY INSTITUTE) COMMITTEE ON LIBRARIES FOR CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE, OCT 81. TOPICS COVERED INCLUDED' PUBLIC AND PRIVATE LEISURE FACILITIES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CHILDREN'S LIBRARIES IN DENMARK AND PROBLEMS CAUSED BY THE USE OF ELECTRONIC DATA PROCESSING AND THE QUESTION OF AN AGE LIMIT BETWEEN ADULT AND CHILDREN'S LIBRARIES; THE ARCHITECTURE OF CHILDREN'S LIBRARIES AT HOME AND ABROAD; COOPERATION BETWEEN LIBRARIANS, ARCHITECTS AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN THE PLANNING OF CHILDREN'S LIBRARIES AND THE IMPORTANCE OF CONSIDERING THE CHILDREN'S OWN WISHES; HARMONY BETWEEN AESTHETIC AND FUNCTIONAL ASPECTS OF LIBRARY DESIGN; AND CHILDREN'S LIBRARY FURNITURE. ******************************************** Document 4219 SHOULD LIBRARIES BE UNIONISED?. REPORT OF THE PROCEEDINGS AT A 1982 MEETING OF QUEBEC PUBLIC LIBRARIANS. THE SPEECHES FOR AND AGAINST THE MOTION ARE SUMMARISED' THE MAIN TOPICS RAISED WERE THE IMPORTANCE OF UNION SUPPORT IN NEGOTIATING SALARIES AND CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT; WAYS OF ORGANISING UNIONS TO SERVE DIVERSE INTERESTS; AND CONSTRAINTS ON ADMINISTRATIVE FLEXIBILITY. POINTS RAISED IN THE ENSUING DEBATE ARE SELECTIVELY REPORTED. ******************************************** Document 4220 A SHORT HISTORY OF UNIONISATION IN QUEBEC LIBRARIES. A PAPER PRESENTED AT A 1982 MEETING OF QUEBEC PUBLIC LIBRARIANS, SURVEYING THE PRESENT SITUATION AS IT HAS DEVELOPED FROM THE BEGINNING OF INTEREST IN UNIONISATION IN THE 1970S. THE MAIN POINTS COVERED ARE LIBRARIANS' ATTITUDES TO UNIONS, AFFILIATIONS WITH OTHER UNIONS, UNION MEMBERSHIP AND ITS PROGRESSIVE INCREASE, AND THE FACTORS INFLUENCING RECRUITMENTS. ******************************************** Document 4221 PROFESSIONAL NEGOTIATIONS FOR MEDIA/LIBRARY PROFESSIONALS' DISTRICT AND SCHOOL. AIMS TO PROMOTE A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE COLLECTIVE BARGAINING PROCESS AS IT RELATES TO LIBRARIANS AND THE STUDENTS AND TEACHERS THEY SERVE. ISSUES COVERED INCLUDE AN OVERVIEW OF COLLECTIVE BARGAINING, STRATEGIES AND PREPARATION FOR COLLECTIVE BARGAINING, NEGOTIATING THE COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT AND THE IMPACT OF THE MEDIA LIBRARY PROFESSIONAL ON MEDIA PROGRAMMES THROUGH THE COLLECTIVE BARGAINING PROCESS. ******************************************** Document 4222 FIJI'S SECONDARY SCHOOLS LIBRARIES AND LIBRARIANS' A PROFILE. DESCRIBES SECONDARY SCHOOL LIBRARIES AND LIBRARIANS IN FIJI, CONCENTRATING ON' TRAINING; STAFFING OF LIBRARIES; LENGTH OF TIME THAT LIBRARIANS HAVE HELD THEIR POSITIONS; AND THE MAJOR SUBJECT AREAS OF TEACHER-LIBRARIANS. ELABORATES AND EXPANDS FINDINGS OF A SURVEY BY JOHN RAGNI PUBLISHED IN THE 2FIJI LIBRARY ASSOCIATION JOURNAL1, DEC 79. ******************************************** Document 4223 THE ROLE OF THE LIBRARY TECHNICIAN. A DISCUSSION OF THE PRESENT SITUATION IN QUEBEC BY A DOCUMENTATION TECHNOLOGY WORKER. THE AVAILABLE TRAINING COURSES ARE OUTLINED, AND THE DISTINCTIONS BETWEEN TECHNICIANS AND LIBRARIANS IN THEORY AND IN PRACTICE, WITH REFERENCE TO TRAINING, RESPONSIBILITIES AND STATUS, DEFINED. THE TECHNICIAN'S MAIN PROBLEMS, LACK OF RECOGNITION BY EMPLOYERS AND OPPOSITION FROM OTHER CATEGORIES OF STAFF, ARE CONSIDERED, AND IN CONCLUSION, PREDICTS THAT THE PRESENT DRAWBACKS WILL DIMINISH AS THE USE OF LIBRARY TECHNOLOGY INCREASES. ******************************************** Document 4224 THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT AND COMMUNICATION. THE INTER-RELATIONSHIP OF ALL ELEMENTS DETECTABLE BY THE SENSES IS IMPORTANT TO THE DESIGN OF SPACES FOR USE BY THE HANDICAPPED. OFFERS EXAMPLES EMBODYING THIS PRINCIPLE. QUESTIONS THE ASSUMPTION OF DIFFICULTY IN DESIGNING FOR THE DISABLED PARTICULARLY IN VIEW OF THE DEMANDS MADE BY THE PLACE IN SOCIETY OF MOTOR VEHICLES. MENTIONS ALSO THE OUTWARD APPEARANCE OF BUILDINGS WHICH MAY BE INVITING OR DISCOURAGING. ******************************************** Document 4225 STANDARDS FOR LIBRARY BUILDING. THE IMPORTANCE OF STANDARDS IN THE PLANNING AND RUNNING OF ALL TYPES OF LIBRARY ARE STRESSED. THE EFFECT OF TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS, SUCH AS COMPUTERISED CATALOGUING, CIRCULATION CONTROL AND COOPERATIVE ACQUISITION COUPLED WITH TELECOMMUNICATIONS ON LIBRARY STANDARDS ARE CONSIDERED ALONG WITH THE NEED TO DESIGN FOR HANDICAPPED LIBRARY USERS. ******************************************** Document 4226 LIBRARY BUILDING IN AUSTRIA. AFTER A HISTORICAL OUTLINE ON LIBRARIES IN AUSTRIA, STARTING WITH THE MEDIEVAL LIBRARIES OF THE MONASTERIES, EMPHASIS IS LAID ON THE BUILDINGS AND PLANNING SINCE WORLD WAR II. IT IS SHOWN THAT IN RECENT YEARS 15,000 SQ.M. WERE MADE AVAILABLE WHILE MORE THAN 30,000 SQ.M. ARE UNDER CONSTRUCTION AND 45,000 SQ.M. ARE IN THE PLANNING STAGE. ******************************************** Document 4227 THE ARCHITECT'S VIEW OF MULTI-PURPOSE PLANS. USING LIBRARIES AND SCHOOLS FOR OTHER PURPOSES OUTSIDE OPENING HOURS IS A NATURAL AND GOOD CONSEQUENCE OF THEIR DEVELOPING LIAISON WITH OTHER CULTURAL ACTIVITIES. THE TRADITION OF CHARGING AT MOST A NOMINAL RENT IS LESS DEFENSIBLE. EXTRA USE INVOLVES UPKEEP AND STAFFING COSTS, AND ORGANISATIONS MAY RENT UNSUITABLE PREMISES FOR FINANCIAL REASONS. THE DISTRICT CENTRE AT LYNGEN, NORWAY, HOUSING A WIDE RANGE OF ORGANISATIONS AND A POTENTIAL EXAMPLE OF INTEGRATED ACTIVITY, HAS TO CHARGE A RENT UNACCEPTABLE TO SMALLER GROUPS. FOR EFFECTIVE USE, ALL CULTURAL PREMISES SHOULD HAVE THE SAME FINANCIAL STANDING AND JOINT ADMINISTRATION. IN PLANNING OR CONVERSION, THE NEEDS OF INDIVIDUAL USERS SHOULD BE ANALYSED AND COORDINATED. THE LIBRARIAN, FOR INSTANCE, SHOULD BE ABLE TO RENT CERTAIN AREAS FULL-TIME (E.G. THE NECESSARY SPACE FOR STORING EQUIPMENT, SHELVING AND BOOKS) AND OTHER AREAS FOR THE LIBRARY'S ACTUAL OPENING HOURS, OUTSIDE WHICH THEY COULD BE USED BY OTHER ORGANISATIONS. ******************************************** Document 4228 ALESUND LIBRARY ON THE TOWN'S MOST CENTRAL SITE. ALESUND CENTRAL LIBRARY, NORWAY, OPENED IN SEPT 80 AS PART OF A MAJOR ADMINISTRATIVE BUILDING. THE PROJECT HAD UNDERGONE LONG AND CONTROVERSIAL DISCUSSION AND THE LIBRARIAN WAS NOT INVOLVED AT THE PLANNING STAGE, AN UNSATISFACTORY SITUATION. THE LIBRARY (WITH MORE AND ROMSDAL COUNTY LIBRARY) NOW OCCUPIES CENTRALLY PLACED PREMISES OF 2400 SQ.M. THOUGH ITS LONG, NARROW SHAPE IS AWKWARD AND RATHER CRAMPED. A WALKWAY WITH STAIRS, RAMPS AND A LIFT FROM GROUND LEVEL HELPS TO COMPENSATE FOR THE LIBRARY'S SITUATION ON THE 1ST FLOOR. THE PUBLIC ARE VERY PLEASED WITH THE WARM, ATTRACTIVE INTERIOR. AN INTERNAL LIFT GIVES ACCESS TO BASEMENT STACKS; THE MAIN DEPARTMENTS ARE ALL ON THE 1ST FLOOR, BUT THE 2ND FLOOR HOUSES OFFICES AND A COMPLEX OF PUBLIC ROOMS FOR MEETINGS, STUDY GROUPS AND STORY HOURS. ******************************************** Document 4229 A NEW EPOCH (NETHERLANDS LIBRARY FOR THE BLIND). DESCRIPTIVE BROCHURE GIVING A BRIEF ACCOUNT OF THE NETHERLANDS LIBRARY FOR THE BLIND'S NEW BUILDING IN THE HAGUE, OPENED IN SUMMER 80. ******************************************** Document 4230 DESIGNING A MEDIUM-SIZED PUBLIC LIBRARY. AIMS TO IMPROVE COMMUNICATION BETWEEN ARCHITECT AND LIBRARIAN AND TO ASSIST EACH TO UNDERSTAND THE OBJECTIVES AND METHODS OF THE OTHER IN ORDER THAT THEY MAY PROVIDE BETTER LIBRARIES FOR USERS. ******************************************** Document 4231 SIMULATING PRACTICAL PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED BY THE HANDICAPPED LIBRARY USER. PARTICIPANTS SIMULATING CONDITIONS OF PHYSICAL HANDICAP ATTEMPTED TO LOCATE AND USE VARIOUS ITEMS OF LIBRARY EQUIPMENT. DIFFICULTIES OF ACCESS AND INADEQUATE SIGNPOSTING AND INSTRUCTIONS WERE FOUND AS WELL AS THE LACK OF A FIRE WARNING PERCEPTIBLE TO THE DEAF AND INADEQUATE LIGHTING FOR THE PARTIALLY SIGHTED. ******************************************** Document 4232 A TALE OF TIFFANY WINDOWS. DESCRIBES HOW, IN THE 1920S, SEVERAL SECULAR STAINED GLASS WINDOWS PLACED IN THE CORRIDORS OF THE CLASSROOM BUILDING OF BLOOMSBURG STATE COLLEGE, PENNSYLVANIA, IMPROVED STUDENT ATTITUDES AND MODERATED NOISE LEVELS. OUTLINES THE BACKGROUND TO THE PURCHASE OF THESE WINDOWS, THREE OF WHICH WERE DESIGNED BY LOUIS C. TIFFANY. THESE WINDOWS ARE NOW INCORPORATED INTO THE DESIGN OF THE NEW COLLEGE LIBRARY, WHERE, IT IS THOUGHT, THEY MAINTAIN A PLEASANT AESTHETIC ATMOSPHERE CONDUCIVE TO LEARNING. ******************************************** Document 4233 MAXIMISING THE MILLIMETER. DISCUSSES HOW THE MEDIUM OF PHOTOGRAPHY CAN SERVE MANY LIBRARY FUNCTIONS, INCLUDING' REVITALISING SIGNS; ADDING AN IMPORTANT DIMENSION TO LOCAL HISTORY COLLECTIONS; SELF-INSTRUCTIONAL PHOTOGRAPHIC SERIES; PUBLICITY; AND TRAVELLING PHOTOGRAPHIC EXHIBITIONS. ******************************************** Document 4234 PLAN FOR A SIGN SYSTEM AT THE IDAHO STATE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY. EMPHASISING THE IMPORTANCE OF THE DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF A SYSTEM OF SIGNS TO MAKE THE LIBRARY PATRON AWARE THAT A RELIABLE PATTERN OF INFORMATION EXISTS WITHIN THE LIBRARY. INCLUDES A SELECTION OF STATEMENTS EXCERPTED FROM 2SIGN SYSTEMS FOR LIBRARIES1, A COLLECTION OF PAPERS ON VISUAL GUIDANCE SYSTEMS IN VARIOUS TYPES OF LIBRARIES EDITED BY DOROTHY POLLETT AND PETER C. HASKELL, AND AN OUTLINE, EXPLANATION, AND LIST OF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR A PROPOSED SIGN SYSTEM FOR THE IDAHO STATE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 4235 EXHIBITIONS IN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES. NEW POSSIBILITIES OF COOPERATION WITHIN UNIVERSITIES. UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES AND UNIVERSITIES ARE FACED WITH THE PROBLEM OF HOW TO MAKE ACADEMIC UNIVERSITY WORK CLEAR AND INTELLIGIBLE TO THE OUTSIDER. 1 WAY IS THROUGH WELL-ORGANISED PUBLIC EXHIBITIONS IN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES. AN EXHIBITION WHICH WAS ORGANISED BY STUDENTS OF THE HISTORY OF ART DEPARTMENT AT FREIBERG UNIVERSITY IN JUNE/JULY 80 WAS AN EXCELLENT EXAMPLE OF THIS TYPE OF ACTIVITY. THE STUDENTS ARRANGED CONTACT WITH THE MEDIA, THE ACTUAL EXHIBITION OBJECTS, CONTACT WITH THE ARTISTS, PUBLICITY, AN OPENING AT WHICH THE ARTISTS WERE PRESENT, GUIDES TO THE EXHIBITION, WORKSHOPS, TALKS AND PUBLIC DISCUSSIONS. ALL THE LIBRARY HAD TO DO WAS PROVIDE THE EXHIBITION ROOMS. THE EXHIBITION WAS EXTREMELY SUCCESSFUL AND ACTED AS A STIMULUS TO OTHER GROUPS WITHIN THE UNIVERSITY TO ORGANISE SIMILAR EXHIBITIONS TO PRESENT THEIR CURRENT WORK PROJECTS TO THE PUBLIC. ******************************************** Document 4236 STUDIES OF THE ECONOMICS OF INFORMATION' A COMMENTARY. REPORT INTENDED AS A BASIS FOR DISCUSSION OF PAST RESEARCH IN THE FIELD OF ECONOMICS OF INFORMATION AND FOR CONSIDERATION OF POSSIBLE FUTURE STUDIES. ******************************************** Document 4237 RESEARCH ENHANCEMENT BY HEURISTIC INFORMATION. AFTER A REVIEW OF HEURISTICS AND HEURISTIC INFORMATION SOME ASPECTS OF MISSION ORIENTED INFORMATION ARE DEALT WITH FROM THE LIBRARIAN'S VIEWPOINT. INFORMATION STAFF SHOULD BE AWARE THAT RELEVANT INFORMATION MAY BE LOCATED BY SEARCHING FIELDS OTHER THAN THE USER'S SPECIALITY. IN ADDITION TO THE TRADITIONAL SOURCES, AN INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH ASSISTS IN THE EXPLOITATION OF SUCH MATERIALS AS REPORTS IN METHODOLOGICAL SURVEYS, RESEARCH REPORTS AND DISSERTATIONS. SOCIOLOGICAL INFORMATION CAN BE OF HEURISTIC VALUE IN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL RESEARCH. HOWEVER, HEURISTIC INFORMATION WILL BE SERVICEABLE ONLY IF THE LIBRARIAN IS FAMILIAR WITH THE SCIENTIST'S AIMS AND FIELD OF RESEARCH. ******************************************** Document 4238 INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT-THE SOCIAL RELEVANCE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS. EXTRACT FROM THE 6TH GABRIEL A. BERNADO MEMORIAL LECTURE, UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES, MAR 79. CONSIDERS THE ROLE PLAYED BY INFORMATION SYSTEMS OF ALL TYPES IN REACHING NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT GOALS, PARTICULARLY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. DEVOTES SPECIAL ATTENTION TO PROBLEMS IN BUILDING THE INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE AND INFORMATION POLICY-MAKING IN A CONSTANTLY CHANGING SOCIETY, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND POLITICAL FACTORS. THE USE OF INFORMATION IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT IS TREATED IN DETAIL AS AN EXAMPLE. ******************************************** Document 4239 DOCUMENTATION ON THE IVORY COAST. SUMMARY OF RESEARCH CARRIED OUT IN 1981 BY THE IVORY COAST NATIONAL UNIVERSITY. PRELIMINARY DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF THE POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC SITUATION OF THE IVORY COAST, THE MOST DEVELOPED OF THE FORMER AFRICAN COLONIES. A DETAILED INVESTIGATION OF INFORMATION SERVICES WAS EFFECTED TO ESTABLISH WHETHER INFORMATION PROVISION PRODUCED DEVELOPMENT, OR RESULTED FROM IT. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF RESOURCES AND SERVICES, NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL NETWORK LINKS, EXPENDITURE, AND GOVERNMENT INFORMATION POLICY. FORMAL AND INFORMAL COMMUNICATION CHANNELS ARE ANALYSED WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE NATIONAL LIBRARY AND NATIONAL ARCHIVES, WHERE THE EXCELLENCE OF THE COLLECTIONS IS NOT FULLY EXPLOITED BECAUSE OF INADEQUATE RESOURCES, AS COMPARED TO THE ELECTRICAL ENERGY INFORMATION CENTRE, WHICH IS FINANCIALLY WELL SUPPORTED. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE POLICY INCLUDE COOPERATION WITH OTHER AFRICAN STATES, THE ELABORATION OF A COHERENT NATIONAL INFORMATION POLICY, THE IMP OSITION OF CHARGES FOR INFORMATION SERVICES, AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF TRAINING PROGRAMMES IN INFORMATION USE. THE EVIDENCE, IT IS CONCLUDED, SHOWS THAT DOCUMENTATION IS A PRODUCT OF DEVELOPMENT. ******************************************** Document 4240 THE OBJECTIVES AND PROBLEMS OF A DOCUMENTATION SERVICE IN A LARGE BUSINESS CONCERN. PRESENTATION OF THE GENERAL PHILOSOPHY WHICH SHOULD BE THE BASIS OF A PRIVATE INDUSTRIAL INFORMATION SERVICE. DISCUSSES THE ESSENTIAL ORIENTATION OF THE SERVICE TO ESTABLISHING DEFINITE OBJECTIVES, MAINTAINING CLOSE RELATIONS WITH USERS, EXERCISING DISCRETION, AND BUDGETING WISELY; DOCUMENTATION AND INFORMATION TASKS IN RELATION TO HOW TO ACQUIRE ESSENTIAL INFORMATION, THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE KINDS OF INFORMATION DEMANDED, AND MANAGEMENT OF EXTERNAL RELATIONS; AND THE KIND OF PERSONNEL REQUIRED AND HOW TO SELECT THEM. ******************************************** Document 4241 IS BELGIUM HEADING FOR INFORMATIONAL UNDERDEVELOPMENT?. PREDICTS IMMINENT INDUSTRIAL COLLAPSE UNLESS THE COUNTRY REALISES THE IMPORTANCE OF INFORMATION AND MAKES IT AVAILABLE. IN GENERAL, BELGIUM HAS FAILED TO KEEP PACE WITH DEVELOPMENTS IN INFORMATION RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY, AND LACKS EQUIPMENT, TRAINED PERSONNEL, NETWORK ORGANISATION, AND EVEN ADEQUATE COLLECTION CATALOGUES. THE WORLD'S INFORMATION RICHES CAN BE ACCESSED THROUGH COMPUTER TERMINALS, TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORKS, AND DATA BASES. GERMANY'S ACHIEVEMENT IS CITED FOR COMPARISON. A BRIEF SKETCH IS GIVEN OF THE INUMERABLE POTENTIAL FIELDS IN NEED OF ADEQUATE INFORMATION SERVICES, AND THE BENEFITS WHICH WOULD ENSUE FOR THE ECONOMY AS A WHOLE. ******************************************** Document 4242 ENHANCING TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT UTILIZING ONLINE INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SERVICES AND ON-LINE COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS. WORK ACCOMPLISHED IN A STUDY BY THE STATE OF RHODE ISLAND ON THE USE OF CABLE TELEVISION (CATV) TO SERVE PUBLIC, EDUCATIONAL, AND GOVERNMENT NEEDS IS REPORTED. THE STUDY IS PART OF AN OVERALL PROJECT TO EXPERIMENT WITH THE DELIVERY OF INFORMATION SERVICES TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, AND TO EXPLORE THE ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGIES AIMED AT IMPROVING COMMUNICATIONS AMONG MEMBERS OF THE NATIONAL INNOVATION NETWORK (NIN) AND BETWEEN NIN AND MEMBERS OF THE FEDERAL LABORATORY CONSORTIUM. DISCUSSES DEVELOPMENT OF ON-LINE INFORMATION SERVICES, ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION, AND SPECIFICALLY ADDRESSES THE USE OF CATV IN RHODE ISLAND. ******************************************** Document 4243 THE PATENT LIBRARY IN THE INSTITUTE OF TECHNICAL INFORMATION OF CHINA. A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PATENT LIBRARY IN THE INSTITUTE OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION OF CHINA (ISTIC). WITHIN THIS LIBRARY RESIDES CHINA'S LARGEST PATENT LITERATURE COLLECTION, AND PATENT DOCUMENTATION AND INFORMATION CENTRE. PRESENTED AS A FOLLOW-UP TO AN ARTICLE BY A. WITTMAN (2SEE 182/1221), THE PAPER OFFERS FURTHER INFORMATION FACILITIES IN CHINA. ******************************************** Document 4244 CURRENT AFFAIRS INFORMATION IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE ASLIB CONFERENCE, CURRENT AFFAIRS' INFORMATION AND RESOURCES, LONDON, 4 JUNE 81. DISCUSSES THE SCOPE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN THE UK, ITS RESPONSIBILITIES AND THE PRESSURES THAT IT CURRENTLY FACES. ALSO CONSIDERS THE TYPES OF CURRENT AFFAIRS INFORMATION THAT LOCAL GOVERNMENT NEEDS AND HOW THIS INFORMATION IS COORDINATED. DESCRIBES HOW DEVON AND CHESHIRE COUNTY COUNCILS AND THE GREATER LONDON COUNCIL HAVE TACKLED THE PROBLEMS OF COORDINATION. ******************************************** Document 4245 CURRENT AFFAIRS INFORMATION' RESOURCES AND NEEDS. ASLIB CONFERENCE, LONDON, 4 JUNE 81. FOR ABSTRACTS OF THE INDIVIDUAL PAPERS, 2SEE 1THE FOLLOWING SERIAL NUMBERS'. ******************************************** Document 4246 THE INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL SCENE. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE ASLIB CONFERENCE, CURRENT AFFAIRS' INFORMATION AND RESOURCES, LONDON, 4 JUNE 81. LOOKS AT THE INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT IN RELATION TO THE POLICY OF COMMERCIAL FIRMS AND DISCUSSES THE MORE IMPORTANT SOURCES OF INFORMATION ON POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS, BOTH INTERNALLY AND EXTERNALLY PRODUCED. PINPOINTS THE MAIN PLAYERS ON THE INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL SCENE, INDICATING THEIR POTENTIAL INFLUENCE ON BUSINESS. PROBLEMS OF USING POLITICAL INFORMATION INCLUDE' THE SUPER-ABUNDANCE OF INFORMATION, AND ESPECIALLY OPINION ABOUT DEVELOPMENTS; THE TENDENCY FOR INFORMATION PROVIDERS TO INTERPRET POLITICAL FACTS; AND LACK OF APPRECIATION BY SENIOR EXECUTIVES OF THE VALUE OF SYSTEMATIC POLITICAL MONITORING AND ANALYSIS. ******************************************** Document 4247 A PRACTICAL INTRODUCTION TO SOURCES OF INFORMATION ABOUT THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE ASLIB CONFERENCE CURRENT AFFAIRS' INFORMATION AND RESOURCES, LONDON, 4 JUNE 81. EXPLAINS WHAT THE SOURCES OF INFORMATION ARE ABOUT THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, BOTH IN PUBLICATIONS AND COMPUTERISED DOCUMENTATION SYSTEMS, AND HOW THIS INFORMATION IS DISSEMINATED IN THE UK AND WHERE YOU CAN FIND IT. DESCRIBES THE COMMUNITY'S 5 INSTITUTIONS, THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE, THE EUROPEAN INVESTMENT BANK AND COMMISSION PROPOSALS. DISCUSSES' CRONOS-EUROSTAT, THE COMMUNITY'S STATISTICAL DATA BANK; CELEX (COMMUNITATIS EUROPAEAE LEX), THE INTER-INSTITUTIONAL COMPUTERISED DOCUMENTATION SYSTEM FOR COMMUNITY LAW; CIRCE, AN INTERNAL SERVICE IN CHARGE OF RUNNING THE INTERNAL DATA BASES; AND THE ROLE OF EURONET-DIANE. ******************************************** Document 4248 JOBCENTRE DISPLAY UNITS IN LIBRARIES' THE EXPERIENCE OF HOO AND RAINHAM. OUTLINES THE EXPERIENCE OF 2 BRANCH LIBRARIES, ONE RURAL AND THE OTHER SUBURBAN, IN A COMMUNITY INFORMATION PROJECT WHEREBY JOB VACANCIES ARE DISPLAYED ON A BOARD WITHIN THE LIBRARY. THE VACANCY NOTICES ARE PROVIDED BY THE NEAREST LOCAL JOBCENTRES. ******************************************** Document 4249 EUROPEAN CONVENTION ON INFORMATION ON FOREIGN LAW. PROVIDES A TEXTUAL ANALYSIS OF THE EUROPEAN CONVENTION ON INFORMATION ON FOREIGN LAW, WHICH CAME INTO BEING AS A RESULT OF FORMAL RECOGNITION BY THE COUNCIL OF EUROPE THAT INCREASING MOVEMENT OF PERSONS AND GOODS ACROSS EUROPEAN FRONTIERS HAS RESULTED IN AN INTERPENETRATION OF LAWS AND THE ATTENDANT NEED TO TAKE FOREIGN LAW INTO CONSIDERATION. DISCUSSES THE PROCEDURE AND PRECEDENT FOR ACCESSION OF A STATE NOT A MEMBER OF THE COUNCIL OF EUROPE. DESCRIBES THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONVENTION IN AUSTRIA, DENMARK, GREECE, THE NETHERLANDS AND WEST GERMANY. ******************************************** Document 4250 CURRENT PARLIAMENTARY AND GOVERNMENT LEGISLATION, PROSPECTS AND EVENTS. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE ASLIB CONFERENCE, CURRENT AFFAIRS' INFORMATION AND RESOURCES, LONDON, 4 JUNE 81. DESCRIBES THE PROCESSES THAT UK GOVERNMENT BILLS GO THROUGH BEFORE THEY PASS INTO LAW, AND HOW TO KEEP UP WITH THEM. ALSO MENTIONS COMMENCEMENT ORDERS, STATUTORY INSTRUMENTS AND NORTHERN IRELAND LEGISLATION. THE NEW KEY TO PARLIAMENTARY QUESTIONS IS THE ON-LINE COMPUTER INDEXING SYSTEM POLIS WITH 17 TERMINALS IN THE HOUSE OF COMMONS LIBRARY AND OUTSIDE SUBSCRIBERS. DISCUSSES THE WORK OF SELECT COMMITTEES AND THE PUBLIC INFORMATION OFFICE. ******************************************** Document 4251 THE GOOD INFORMATION GUIDE. DESCRIBES THE MANCHESTER FAMILY WELFARE ASSOCIATION APPROACH TO THE ORGANISATION AND EXPLOITATION OF ITS INFORMATION RESOURCES RELATING TO HANDICAP. THE INFORMATION SERVICE IS RUN BY A SOCIAL WORKER WHO DEALS WITH REQUESTS FROM THE PUBLIC AND IS OFTEN ABLE TO PROBE MORE DEEPLY INTO NEEDS EXPRESSED IN AN APPARENTLY SIMPLE REQUEST FOR INFORMATION. THE INFORMATION FILES ARE HIGHLY CONFIDENTIAL AND GROWING SUBSTANTIALLY WITH INPUT FROM FWA AND LOCAL AUTHORITY SOCIAL WORKERS. ******************************************** Document 4252 PLMRU. REPORT OF A DISSEMINATION WORKSHOP TO REVIEW PROGRESS AND DEVELOPMENTS IN COMMUNITY INFORMATION SERVICES IN THE PUBLIC LIBRARY. THE WORKSHOP, HELD AT HARROGATE 14-15 MAR 80, AIMED TO PROVIDE AN OPPORTUNITY FOR LIBRARIANS WITH RESPONSIBILITY FOR POLICY MAKING AND FOR MANAGING SERVICES TO DISCUSS PROGRESS SINCE THE LAST WORKSHOP HELD IN 1979 AND TO DISCUSS FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS. ******************************************** Document 4253 INFORMATION USES IN SOCIAL SERVICES DEPARTMENTS. A PAPER DELIVERED AT THE 1979 IRFIS CONFERENCE IN OSLO, REPORTING A USER-EVALUATION STUDY OF A CURRENT AWARENESS BULLETIN PRODUCED FOR SOCIAL SERVICES STAFF, CARRIED OUT IN THE COURSE OF A MAJOR INVESTIGATION INTO INFORMATION NEEDS IN UK SOCIAL SERVICES DEPARTMENTS. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE, AND RESULTS PRESENTED IN FULL, WITH TABLES. FROM DATA OBTAINED ON TYPES OF INFORMATION CONSIDERED RELEVANT; CASE STUDY MATERIAL ON SPECIFIC PROBLEMS USING A CRITICAL INCIDENT APPROACH; AND INFORMATION ON USE OF THE BULLETIN AND COPIES OF JOURNAL ARTICLES, IT WAS CONCLUDED THAT THE SCALE AND GENERALITY OF THE SOCIAL WELFARE FIELD ARE SO GREAT THAT AN SDI SERVICE WOULD BE INAPPROPRIATE FOR MOST PEOPLE. ******************************************** Document 4254 A REVIEW AND EVALUATION OF THE LANGLEY RESEARCH CENTER'S SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION PROGRAM. RESULTS OF PHASE 4' KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES SURVEY, ACADEMIC AND INDUSTRIAL PERSONNEL. FEEDBACK FROM ENGINEERS AND SCIENTISTS IN THE ACADEMIC AND INDUSTRIAL COMMUNITY PROVIDED AN ASSESSMENT OF THE USAGE AND PERCEIVED QUALITY OF NASA LANGLEY GENERATED SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION AND THE FAMILIARITY AND USAGE OF SELECTED NASA PUBLICATIONS AND SERVICES AND IDENTIFIED WAYS TO INCREASE THE ACCESSIBILITY OF LANGLEY STI. ******************************************** Document 4255 THE INFORMATION AND DOCUMENTATION CENTRE AT MEXICO'S NATIONAL TRAINING SERVICE FOR WORKERS IN INDUSTRY. AN EXTRACT FROM THE OFFICIAL DESCRIPTION OF THE SERVICES OFFERED BY THE INFORMATION SERVICE AS BACK UP TO THE PARENT ORGANISATION, SET UP BY THE GOVERNMENT TO IMPROVE STANDARDS IN TECHNICAL EDUCATION. THE INFORMATION PROVIDED IS PURELY TECHNICAL, AND SERVICES ARE AVAILABLE FREELY. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF THE CENTRE'S ORGANISATION, SERVICES, AND PUBLISHED INDEXES. ******************************************** Document 4256 COOPERATION BETWEEN THE LIBRARY AND THE STEI (SCIENTIFIC, TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC INFORMATION) SYSTEMS WITHIN THE REGION. CAN IT BE PUT INTO PRACTICE?. COOPERATION BETWEEN THE LIBRARY AND THE STEI SYSTEMS WITHIN A REGION IS A LONG STANDING PROBLEM, THE AIM OF WHICH HAS ALWAYS BEEN THE PARAMOUNT RIGHT OF THE READER TO HAVE ACCESS TO ALL AVAILABLE LITERATURE SOURCES. ALTHOUGH THE MINISTRY OF CULTURE TOGETHER WITH THE CZECHOSLOVAK STATE LIBRARY PUBLISHED IN 1974 'PRINCIPLES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF A UNIFIED LIBRARY SYSTEM IN THE CZECHOSLOVAK SOCIALIST REPUBLIC', IT REMAINED ONLY METHODOLOGICAL ADVICE. THERE IS SIMPLY NOT ENOUGH COOPERATION. THE SPHERES IN WHICH THIS SHOULD BE STARTED ARE CONSIDERED. ******************************************** Document 4257 THE COMPUTING INFORMATION SERVICE NETWORK IN BELL LABORATORIES. THE COMPUTING INFORMATION SERVICE (CIS), A NETWORK OF 5 SPECIALISED LIBRARIES DEVOTED ENTIRELY TO COMPUTING INFORMATION, OPERATES IN CONCERT WITH THE BELL LABORATORIES LIBRARY NETWORK IN PROVIDING SERVICES TO SOME 22,000 EMPLOYEES. THE CIS IS DEDICATED ENTIRELY TO COMPUTING INFORMATION IN ALL ITS FORMS - COMPUTER PROGRAMS, RELATED DOCUMENTATION, MACHINE MANUALS, AUDIO/VIDEO TAPES, BOOKS, JOURNALS, ETC. A FULL RANGE OF CURRENT AWARENESS, SEARCHING, REFERENCE, DISSEMINATION, AND ADVISORY SERVICES IS PROVIDED USING A NUMBER OF COMPUTER-AIDED SYSTEMS. THE NETWORK APPROACH FOR MANAGING COMPUTING INFORMATION SERVICES HAS YIELDED DIVIDENDS AND HAS BEEN INTEGRATED HARMONIOUSLY WITH THE EXTENSIVE RESOURCES OF THE 18 OTHER LIBRARIES IN THE BELL LABS LIBRARY NETWORK. ******************************************** Document 4258 TRACING YOUR ANCESTORS IN THE PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE. A PRACTICAL GUIDE INTENDED TO BE OF PARTICULAR VALUE TO THE INEXPERIENCED GENEALOGICAL RESEARCHER. OFFERS ADVICE ON THE MOST PRODUCTIVE WAYS OF APPROACHING DOCUMENTS IN THE UK PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE; SUGGESTS FURTHER LINES OF ENQUIRY; AND LISTS REFERENCE MATERIAL. ALSO CONTAINS AN INTERNATIONAL LIST OF ORGANISATIONS CONCERNED WITH GENEALOGICAL RESEARCH. ******************************************** Document 4259 NHS INFORMATION-SCRAP IT, CHANGE IT OR USE IT?. COMMENTS ON THE REPORT OF THE KORNER WORKING GROUP A, THE HEALTH SERVICE INFORMATION STEERING GROUP WHICH CONSIDERS INFORMATION ABOUT PATIENTS AND THE FACILITIES THEY USE. ******************************************** Document 4260 THE REGIONAL MEDICAL LIBRARY PROGRAM' A NATIONAL MEDICAL INFORMATION NETWORK. IN 1980, THE REGIONAL MEDICAL LIBRARY PROGRAM CELEBRATED THE 15TH BIRTHDAY OF THE LEGISLATION THAT AUTHORISED IT. THE PROGRAM HAS GROWN FROM 1 WITH ACTIVITIES LOCALISED BY REGION INTO A TRULY NATIONAL NETWORK. WITH COORDINATION BY THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE, THE RML NETWORK MOVES INTO THE NEXT DECADE WITH EXPANDED GOALS AND OBJECTIVES THAT TAKE INTO ACCOUNT NEW TECHNOLOGIES, AS WELL AS TRADITIONAL LIBRARY SERVICES. ******************************************** Document 4261 GETTING THE FACTS. DESIGNED TO AID GROUPS SETTING UP OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY LIBRARIES AND TO HELP THOSE WHO NEED TO KNOW WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION FOR RESEARCH. THE BOOK IS DIVIDED INTO 2 PARTS: 'HOW TO ORGANISE A LABOR HEALTH LIBRARY' AND 'AN OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH BIBLIOGRAPHY'. ******************************************** Document 4262 RETRIEVAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMICAL INFORMATION-AN OVERVIEW. CONSIDERS THE INDIVIDUAL FUNCTIONS THAT COMPRISE THE TOTAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT PROCESS; THE CORRESPONDING INFORMATION NEEDS; AND THE CURRENT STATUS, ORGANISATION, AND LIKELY FUTURE DIRECTION OF MEDICINAL CHEMICAL INFORMATION. ******************************************** Document 4263 DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION ON ENERGY CONSERVATION TO SMALL ENERGY USERS. AN INSTITUTIONAL NETWORK THAT PROVIDES HOMEOWNERS, SMALL BUSINESSES, AND OTHER SMALL-SCALE ENERGY USERS WITH ACCESS TO INFORMATION ON ENERGY CONSERVATION TECHNIQUES AND ALTERNATIVE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES WAS CREATED WHEN THE NATIONAL ENERGY EXTENSION SERVICE (EES) WAS ESTABLISHED IN 1978. TO HELP EES PROVIDE PRACTICAL REFERENCE MATERIALS AND RESPONSIVE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO STATE ENERGY EXTENSION SERVICE OFFICES, THE CENTER FOR ENERGY POLICY AND RESEARCH (CEPR) OF THE NEW YORK INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY WAS RETAINED BY THE US DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY TO SET UP AND OPERATE A NATIONAL INFORMATION CLEARINGHOUSE FOR THE ENERGY EXTENSION SERVICE. THROUGH THIS CLEARINGHOUSE CEPR PRODUCES AND DELIVERS TO ALL STATES AND US TERRITORIES MONTHLY ENERGY INFORMATION PACKAGES THAT CONTAIN COMPLETE COPIES OR SUMMARIES OF PRACTICAL REFERENCE MATERIALS ON ENERGY CONSERVATION AND ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES, AS WELL AS RETRIEVAL AIDS FOR ALL PACKAGE ENCLOSURES. ******************************************** Document 4264 BRITISH LIBRARY SUPPORTED RESEARCH IN AGRICULTURAL, BIOLOGICAL AND MEDICAL INFORMATION. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE 54TH ASLIB ANNUAL CONFERENCE, OXFORD UNIVERSITY, UK, 22-25 SEPT 81. DESCRIBES THE WORK OF THE BIOLOGICAL, AGRICULTURAL AND MEDICAL INFORMATION REVIEW PANELS OF THE BRITISH LIBRARY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT AND EXAMINES THEIR IMPACT ON THE INFORMATION SCENE IN THESE SECTORS WITHIN THE UK. THE PANELS CONSISTED OF EMINENT INFORMATION USERS BROUGHT TOGETHER TO REVIEW THE RESEARCH ALREADY COMPLETED IN THEIR SUBJECT AREAS, TO IDENTIFY THE GAPS AND TO PROPOSE WHAT RESEARCH COULD BE DONE TO FILL IN THESE GAPS. ******************************************** Document 4265 LIBRARY SERVICE TO UNIVERSITY-BASED CONTINUING EDUCATION FOR MANAGEMENT. OUTLINES THE DEVELOPMENT OF MANAGEMENT EDUCATION IN AUSTRALIA, AND DISCUSSES THE WORK OF THE LIBRARY OF THE AUSTRALIAN GRADUATE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT (A SEMI-AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTION WITHIN THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES). DESCRIBES THE METHODS USED BY THE SCHOOL'S LIBRARIAN TO UPDATE MANAGERS' AWARENESS OF WHAT IS AVAILABLE FROM LIBRARIES AND OTHER SOURCES IN AUSTRALIA IN THE 1980S. NOTES THE NEED FOR MORE RESEARCH INTO HOW THE NEEDS OF MANAGERS IN PRIVATE ENTERPRISE AND THE PUBLIC SECTOR COULD BE MET. ******************************************** Document 4266 GAS LIBRARIES' AN INDUSTRY-WIDE NETWORK. THE LIBRARY SERVICES COMMITTEE OF THE AMERICAN GAS ASSOCIATION IS THE VEHICLE THROUGH WHICH THE GAS INDUSTRY LIBRARY NETWORK OPERATES. THE NETWORK WAS FORMED IN 1972 AND HAS GROWN TO BE AN ACTIVE COMMITTEE OF 32 MEMBERS FROM THE USA AND CANADA. DURING THESE YEARS, IT HAS DEVELOPED BOTH FORMAL AND INFORMAL CHANNELS OF COMMUNICATION, STRENGTHENED THE BIBLIOGRAPHY OF NATURAL GAS-RELATED TOPICS, AND IMPROVED THE COMPETENCE OF ITS MEMBER LIBRARIANS. ******************************************** Document 4267 UNAMBIGUOUS AND COMPLETE' APPLYING INFORMATION SCIENCE TO SPECIFICATIONS. SPECIFICATIONS ARE A PRIMARY MEANS OF TECHNICAL COMMUNICATION IN THE CONSTRUCTION COMMUNITY. CONCERNS IMPROVING THE ORGANISATION, EXPRESSION AND INTERPRETATION OF THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 4268 APPROACHES TO COMMUNICATION PLANNING. COLLECTION OF ESSAYS AIMED AT THOSE WHO ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE PREPARATION OF COMMUNICATION PLANS AND FOR THEIR IMPLEMENTATION. ******************************************** Document 4269 LANGUAGE BARRIERS, LITERATURE USAGE AND THE ROLE OF REVIEWS' AN INTERNATIONAL AND INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDY. EXAMINES THE LANGUAGES IN WHICH PRIMARY AND REVIEW LITERATURE IS READ BY DUTCH AND UK NATURAL SCIENTISTS, ENGINEERS, AND SOCIAL SCIENTISTS. COMPARES THE NATURE OF THE LANGUAGE BARRIERS EXPERIENCED AND INVESTIGATES THE ROLES OF TRANSLATIONS AND REVIEW ARTICLES IN OVERCOMING THESE BARRIERS. CONCLUDES THAT IN SUBJECTS WHERE IMPORTANT NON-ENGLISH LANGUAGE PRIMARY LITERATURE EXISTS, GREATER RESOURCES SHOULD BE INVESTED IN THE IDENTIFICATION, TRANSLATION, AND PUBLICATION IN ENGLISH OF GOOD-QUALITY NON-ENGLISH REVIEW ARTICLES WHICH GIVE EXTENSIVE COVERAGE OF THE NON-ENGLISH PRIMARY LITERATURE. ******************************************** Document 4270 COMMUNICATION AND INTEGRATION WITHIN THE AGRICULTURE, WATER, WASTE AND ENERGY INDUSTRIES. INVESTIGATION INTO HOW LARGE INSTITUTIONS AND GROUPS OF PEOPLE GET THEIR INFORMATION AND WHETHER THEY GET THE RIGHT INFORMATION. IN PARTICULAR, IT STUDIES HOW THE DECISIONS OF 1 INSTITUTION MAY UNWITTINGLY AFFECT ANOTHER INSTITUTION. THE SPECIAL AREA OF INTEREST LIES IN THE POSSIBLE BENEFITS OF INTEGRATING AND COORDINATING THE ACTIVITIES OF THE AGRICULTURE, WATER, WASTE AND ENERGY (AWWE) SECTORS IN THE UK, WHERE LARGE CASH AND ENERGY SAVINGS SEEM POSSIBLE. THE COMMENTS, HOWEVER, HAVE GENERAL APPLICATIONS. ******************************************** Document 4271 APPLYING H.A. SIMON'S MODEL OF LIMITED RATIONALITY TO SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND COMMUNICATION. A GREAT NUMBER OF SPECIALIST AND NON-SPECIALIST QUESTIONS ARE ASKED ABOUT SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, CONCERNING OBJECTIVES, METHODS, RESULTS, ORGANISATION, POLICIES AND INFORMATION SOURCES. SUCH QUESTIONS CAN BE COLLECTED AND ANALYSED FOR COMMON DENOMINATORS BUT RECENT WORK BY ANDREWS AND HIS COLLABORATORS (1979) INDICATES THIS APPROACH TO BE INADEQUATE. USES SIMON'S CONCEPT OF LIMITED RATIONALITY AS A GENERAL MODEL OF INDIVIDUAL AND ORGANISATIONAL OPERATION, WHICH IS APPLIED AS AN ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK FOR INVESTIGATING RESEARCH ACTIVITIES. THE MODEL DOES HELP IN EXPLANATION OF OBSERVATIONS FREQUENTLY MADE ABOUT RESEARCH BEHAVIOUR PATTERNS' PREFERENCE FOR INFORMAL INFORMATION SOURCES AND PERSONAL CONTACTS, AND THE FORMATION OF INFORMAL GROUPS AND NETWORKS. RESEARCHERS AND THEIR ORGANISATIONS WOULD APPEAR TO FUNCTION WITHIN THE BOUNDARIES OF LIMITED RATIONALITY. THIS MODEL CAN ALSO BE USED TO PREDICT POTE NTIAL PROBLEMS IN SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION, SUCH AS THE CONCEPTION AND USE OF THESAURI AND DATA BANKS. THE QUALITY OF SUCH INFORMATION SOURCES IS CRUCIAL TO THE FUTURE OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, HENCE THE IMPORTANCE OF UNDERSTANDING RESEARCH BEHAVIOUR. ******************************************** Document 4272 EMPIRICAL LAWS FOR INFORMATION SYSTEMS DESIGN. SURVEYS AND ASSESSES EMPIRICAL LAWS AND THEORIES WHICH INFORMATION SCIENCE PROVIDES FOR INFORMATION SYSTEM DESIGN INCLUDING BRADFORD'S LAW, LOTKA'S LAW AND ZIPF'S LAW. ******************************************** Document 4273 INFORMATION RESOURCE MANAGEMENT' OPPORTUNITIES AND STRATEGIES FOR THE 1980S. PROVIDES A COHESIVE APPROACH TO THE INTEGRATION OF ALL THE SPECIALISED FACETS OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT INTO A COHESIVE WHOLE AND PRESENTS A COLLECTION OF STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT. ******************************************** Document 4274 PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN FOR INFORMATION SYSTEMS. TRANSLATION OF A PAPER PUBLISHED IN 2J. AM. SOC. INF. SCI1., 28 (4) JULY 77 FOR AN ABSTRACT OF WHICH 2SEE1 78/1693. ******************************************** Document 4275 CONSEQUENCES OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY. 5 CLEARLY DISTINCT SETS OF CONSEQUENCES BROUGHT ABOUT BY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES ARE DISTINGUISHED. ******************************************** Document 4276 A DISCOURSE ON ISSUES' AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF THE IMPLICATIONS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOR U.K. LIBRARY AND INFORMATION WORK MANPOWER PLANNING. PRESENTS A PILOT STUDY OF A PROPOSED PROJECT TO FORECAST AND TO ASSESS THE POTENTIAL DIRECT AND INDIRECT IMPACTS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ON U.K. LIBRARY/INFORMATION STAFF OVER THE NEXT 20 YEARS. DESCRIBES THE CHOICE OF TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGIES TO BE USED IN A SUBSEQUENT DETAILED INVESTIGATION. ******************************************** Document 4277 AUTOMATION, MACHINE-READABLE RECORDS, AND ARCHIVAL ADMINISTRATION' AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY. BIBLIOGRAPHY, WITH 293 REFS, COVERING THE LITERATURE OF ARCHIVAL AUTOMATION, MACHINE-READABLE RECORDS AND THE USE OF COMPUTERS IN RESEARCH ARCHIVES. ******************************************** Document 4278 TERMINOLOGICAL DATA BANKS' A MODE FOR A BRITISH LINGUISTIC DATA BANK (LDB). PAPER PRESENTED AT THE ASLIB TECHNICAL TRANSLATION GROUP CONFERENCE, LONDON 20 NOV 80. DESCRIBES A MODEL LINGUISTIC DATA BANK (LDB) FOR A UK MARKET, BASED ON RESULTS FROM A CONTINUING FEASIBILITY STUDY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. A LDB REPRESENTS AN ECONOMICAL AND HIGHLY EFFICIENT WAY OF ORGANISING THE UK'S EFFORTS IN THE FIELD OF TERMINOLOGY, BOTH WITH RESPECT TO ENGLISH AND THE MANY FOREIGN LANGUAGES THROUGH WHICH CONTACT IS MAINTAINED WITH NON-ENGLISH SPEAKING COUNTRIES. OUTLINES THE INSTITUTIONAL AND ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE AND EMPHASISES THE SERVICES TO BE PROVIDED TO VARIOUS GROUPS, AND IN PARTICULAR TO TRANSLATORS, AND THE IMPORTANT ROLE THESE GROUPS WILL PLAY IN ASSURING THE CONTINUING VIABILITY AND RELEVANCE OF THE LDB, NOT ONLY AS USERS, BUT AS CONTRIBUTORS AND ADVISORS. CONSIDERS DATA ACQUISITION POLICY AND FINANCIAL ASPECT. ******************************************** Document 4279 PROGRESS TOWARD AN ON-LINE CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM AT THE UPJOHN COMPANY. DESCRIBES A PROJECT AT THE UPJOHN COMPANY (KALAMAZOO, MICHIGAN) TO DEVELOP A COMPREHENSIVE CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR RESEARCH SCIENTISTS AND RESEARCH SUPPORT STAFF. SYSTEM CAPABILITIES WILL EVENTUALLY INCLUDE ON-LINE STRUCTURE REGISTRY, STRUCTURE AND SUBSTRUCTURE SEARCHING, RETRIEVAL AND MANIPULATION OF PHARMACOLOGICAL TEST DATA, AND RETRIEVAL OF SPECTROSCOPIC, PATENT, AND OTHER TYPES OF STRUCTURE-RELATED DATA. ******************************************** Document 4280 USE OF PROPRIETARY BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA AT MERCK & CO., INC. DESCRIBES THE MERCK SHARP & DOHME RESEARCH LABORATORIES (RAHWAY, NEW JERSEY) OPEN-ENDED COMPUTER SYSTEM FOR THE COLLECTION, STORAGE, RETRIEVAL AND DISSEMINATION OF BIOLOGICAL DATA. INTERFACE IS COMMONLY MADE WITH OTHER DATA BASES, USING THE COMPOUND REGISTRATION NUMBER AS THE LINK; THE OUTPUT DISPLAY MAY THEN INCLUDE RECORDS FROM ANY OR ALL THE DATA BASES ACCESSED AND ALSO COUNTS, COMPUTATION RESULTS OR TABLES, AS REQUESTED BY THE USER. ANALYSES SEARCHES PERFORMED ON THE LABORATORIES' BIODATA AND CHEMDATA SYSTEMS IN 1977 AND DISCUSSES THE RESULTS WITH EMPHASIS ON THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN THE CHEMICAL STRUCTURE, SUBSTRUCTURE, AND BIOLOGICAL DATA SEGMENTS OF THE OVERALL SYSTEM. ******************************************** Document 4281 THE DRUG RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CHEMICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM OF NCI'S DEVELOPMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PROGRAM. THE US NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE'S DRUG RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CHEMICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM WAS DEVELOPED TO MONITOR THE ACCESSION, STORAGE, AND DISTRIBUTION OF CHEMICALS AND DRUGS FOR ANTI-TUMOUR TESTING. IT IDENTIFIES DUPLICATES AND ANALOGUES OF INTEREST TO THE INSTITUTE'S DEVELOPMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PROGRAM; PRODUCES ACTION AND INFORMATION DOCUMENTS AS REQUIRED; MAINTAINS INVENTORY CONTROL; AND INTERFACES WITH THE BIOLOGY DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM WHICH EVALUATES AND DISSEMINATES SCREENING RESULTS. AN ON-LINE INTERACTIVE RETRIEVAL SUBSYSTEM PERMITS SUBSTRUCTURE AND FULL STRUCTURE SEARCHING ON A FILE OF 310,000 COMPOUNDS. RESULTS OF SEARCHING OTHER DATA BASES ARE LINKED WITH THE SYSTEM TO IDENTIFY COMPOUNDS WORTHY OF ACQUISITION. AN INDEX OF NON-SYSTEMATIC NAMES IN 2CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS1, REFERENCED TO COMPOUNDS IN THE SYSTEM, IS GENERATED. ******************************************** Document 4282 RETRIEVAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMICAL INFORMATION. BASED ON A SYMPOSIUM COSPONSORED BY THE DIVISIONS OF COMPUTERS IN CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL INFORMATION AT THE 175TH MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, ANAHEIM, CALIFORNIA, 13-17 MAR 78. FOR ABSTRACTS OF THE 13 PAPERS, 2SEE 1THE FOLLOWING SERIAL NUMBERS'-. ******************************************** Document 4283 DEFENSE ENERGY INFORMATION SYSTEM (DEIS) DEIS-80 DESIGN SYSTEM SPECIFICATION REVISION A. THE DEFENSE ENERGY INFORMATION SYSTEM (DEIS) IS A WORLDWIDE, AUTOMATED, ENERGY MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM. IT PROVIDES DATA ON PETROLEUM PRODUCTS USED AS MOBILITY FUELS BY THE MILITARY DEPARTMENTS AS WELL AS MOST ENERGY SOURCES USED FOR UTILITY SERVICES AT DOD INSTALLATIONS. ******************************************** Document 4284 AN EVALUATION OF SOME CONFLATION ALGORITHMS FOR INFORMATION RETRIEVAL. A CONFLATION ALGORITHM IDENTIFIES WORD VARIANTS AND REDUCES THEM TO A SINGLE CANONICAL FORM. DISCUSSES ITS CHARACTERISTICS AND GIVES EXAMPLES OF SOME TYPES WHICH HAVE BEEN USED IN COMPUTERISED INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS. COMPARATIVE EXPERIMENTS WITH A RANGE OF KEYWORD DICTIONARIES AND WITH THE CRANFIELD DOCUMENTATION TEST COLLECTION SUGGEST THAT THERE IS RELATIVELY LITTLE DIFFERENCE IN THE PERFORMANCE OF THE ALGORITHMS DESPITE THE DISPARATE MEANS BY WHICH THEY HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED AND BY WHICH THEY OPERATE. ******************************************** Document 4285 BASIC LIBRARY SKILLS: A SHORT COURSE. DESIGNED TO BE A SELF-CONTAINED SHORT COURSE IN THE USE OF THE LIBRARY FOR NON-LIBRARIANS. ******************************************** Document 4286 ON THE REALISATION OF USER TRAINING FOR STUDENTS AT A COLLEGE OF EDUCATION. THE PROGRESS OF USER TRAINING FOR STUDENTS AT THE ERFURT/MULHAUSEN COLLEGE OF EDUCATION WAS OUTLINED AT A MEETING OF THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES' STUDY GROUP AT THE MINISTRY FOR PUBLIC EDUCATION (MINISTERIUM FUR VOLKSBILDUNG) IN JUNE 80. IT HAS PROVED DIFFICULT TO INTEREST ALL THE TEACHERS AT THE COLLEGE IN THE SUBJECT AND TO IMPRESS ON THEM THE IMPORTANCE OF USER TRAINING TO THE STUDENTS. IT IS PLANNED TO HOLD MEETINGS AND DISCUSSIONS TO SHOW TEACHERS METHODS OF USER TRAINING AND OF PUTTING THE ACQUIRED KNOWLEDGE TO THE TEST. STUDENT USER TRAINING CONSISTS OF A TOUR AROUND THE LIBRARY, AND LIBRARY DEPARTMENTS, LECTURES IN COLLEGE AND AT THE LIBRARY AND PRACTICAL TESTS IN USING CATALOGUES AND OTHER INFORMATION SOURCES. THE KNOWLEDGE GAINED BY THE STUDENTS SHOULD BE EMPLOYED IN WORKING INDEPENDENTLY IN THE CATALOGUE SECTION, USING A WIDER RANGE OF REFERENCE LITERATURE AND PREPARING THEIR FINAL THESIS. ******************************************** Document 4287 DOCUMENTATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS SYSTEM; RESULTS OF A SURVEY, AND CONSEQUENT RECOMMENDATIONS. MUCH OF THE MATERIAL IN THIS ARTICLE WAS PREVIOUSLY PRESENTED AS PART OF A PAPER PREPARED FOR THE 2ND WORLD SYMPOSIUM ON INTERNATIONAL DOCUMENTATION, BRUSSELS, 20-22 JUNE 80. SUMMARISES THE FINDINGS OF A SURVEY OF THE STATUS OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL OF THE PUBLICATIONS ON UN ORGANISATIONS. DESCRIBES THE MAIN TYPES OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC TOOLS BY WHICH UN ORGANISATIONS ANNOUNCE THEIR PUBLICATIONS, AND ANALYSES THE COVERAGE PROVIDED BY THESE TOOLS. HIGHLIGHTS THE NEED FOR THE COORDINATION AND INTEGRATION OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC PRODUCTION, AND SUGGESTS THE FOLLOWING SPECIFIC STEPS WHICH COULD BE TAKEN TOWARDS THIS COORDINATION' THE UTILISATION OF ON-LINE SERVICES AND WORD PROCESSING CAPABILITIES; THE INVOLVEMENT OF PUBLICATION UNITS; PRIORITISING COVERAGE OF THE DATA BASE; DECIDING ON ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION; AND CATALOGUING-IN-PUBLICATION. ******************************************** Document 4288 BIBLIOGRAPHIC ACCESS TO CURRICULUM GUIDES. CURRICULUM GUIDES ARE AN IMPORTANT AND HEAVILY USED RESOURCE IN EDUCATION LIBRARIES AND INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS CENTRES. GAINING ACCESS TO THESE MATERIALS, HOWEVER, HAS BEEN DIFFICULT AND TIME-CONSUMING, AS MOST CURRICULUM GUIDES HAVE NOT TRADITIONALLY BEEN INDEXED IN A CENTRAL SOURCE. FEARON-PITMAN PUBLISHERS INC. HAS ATTEMPTED TO REMEDY THIS SITUATION BY PUBLISHING THE CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT LIBRARY, THE 1ST SET OF WHICH CONTAINED 905 CURRICULUM GUIDES ON MICROFICHE WITH HARD COPY INDEXES. THE PUBLISHER EXPECTS TO PUBLISH THIS SET ON AN ANNUAL BASIS. THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-ST. LOUIS OWNS THE CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT LIBRARY, AND THE AUTHOR DESCRIBES ITS USE IN THE EDUCATION LIBRARY. ******************************************** Document 4289 THE STUDY OF BRAZILIAN SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTION, USING INSTITUTE OF SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION DATA. II. THE ISI-ASCA-BRAZIL DATA BANK, A NEW TOOL FOR ANALYSING BRAZILIAN SCIENCE. A REPORT BY 2 BRAZILIAN RESEARCH SCIENTISTS ON THE INITIATION OF A NEW STAGE IN THEIR PROJECT. DISCUSSES THEIR WORK TO DATE IN THIS FIELD, WITH REFERENCE TO PREVIOUS PUBLICATIONS, ANALYSING THE PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED IN COLLECTING DATA BEFORE THE INTRODUCTION IN 1977 OF THE ISI AUTOMATED SUBJECT CITATION ALERT (ASCA). FULL DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF THE NEW SERVICES AVAILABLE, ENABLING THE AUTHORS TO ELABORATE A SEARCH PROFILE TO RETRIEVE EVERY ARTICLE PUBLISHED BY SCIENTISTS FROM BRAZILIAN INSTITUTIONS. THE METHOD OF PROFILE CONSTRUCTION IS DESCRIBED, AND RESULTS AFTER 6 MONTHS EVALUATED IN RELATION TO SUCCESS IN SOLVING PREVIOUS PROBLEMS, SHOWING HOW THE WAY IS NOW OPEN TO ESTABLISHING AN INEXPENSIVE, MULTI-DISCIPLINARY, AND UP-TO-DATE DATA BASE ON BRAZILIAN SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTION. IN CONCLUSION THE USES FOR THIS DATA BASE ARE DISCUSSED, AND SUGGESTIONS MADE FOR IMPROVING COMPREHENSIVENESS BY COVERING AREAS OUTSIDE THE ISI'S SCOPE. ******************************************** Document 4290 SDI SOFTWARE PACKAGE ON A MINICOMPUTER. SINCE 1970, THE ISRAELI NATIONAL CENTRE OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL INFORMATION (COSTI) HAS BEEN PROVIDING A COMPUTERISED SDI SERVICE TO ACADEMIC, RESEARCH, INDUSTRIAL, AND GOVERNMENTAL USERS. THE SERVICE IS RUN ON A PDP 11/70 MINICOMPUTER. IN MAR 81, 6 DATA BASES WERE BEING USED-CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SEARCH, COMPENDEX, INSPEC, SCIENCE CITATION INDEX SEARCH, AGRIS, AND U.S. GOVERNMENT REPORTS ANNOUNCEMENTS. BIOSIS WILL BE ADDED SOON. SURVEYS THE SDI PROCESS AT COSTI, FOCUSING ON SEARCH-PROFILE CONSTRUCTION, UPDATE TECHNIQUES, AND THE SDI PRODUCTION PROCESS. ******************************************** Document 4291 A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF RELEVANCE JUDGEMENTS BY USERS AND NON-USERS OF A SELECTIVE DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION SERVICE. EXTRACT FROM A BRAZILIAN DISSERTATION IN INFORMATION SCIENCE, DESCRIBING AN INVESTIGATION CARRIED OUT IN THE SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION AND DOCUMENTATION DIVISION AT THE SAO PAULO INSTITUTE OF ATOMIC ENERGY, FOLLOWING THE CHANGE OVER IN 1974 FROM A MANUAL TO AN AUTOMATED SERVICE. A SUMMARY OF THE PRELIMINARY REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE RELATING TO RELEVANCE THEORIES, PREVIOUS STUDIES, AND METHODOLOGY, IS PRESENTED. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF THE METHODOLOGY, BASED ON DOCUMENT TITLES, DEVELOPED FOR THIS STUDY TO RATE JUDGEMENTS AND COLLECT DATA. RESULTS ARE REPORTED IN FULL AND ANALYSED; THE CALCULATION PROCEDURES ARE EXPLAINED AND DEMONSTRATED. IT WAS CONCLUDED THAT USER AND NON-USER JUDGEMENTS WERE LARGELY SIMILAR; DISAGREEMENTS WERE ATTRIBUTED TO INCONSISTENCIES BETWEEN SUBJECTIVE USER AND OBJECTIVE NON-USER EVALUATION CRITERIA. FINALLY THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TITLES IN DETERMINING REL EVANCE WAS CONSIDERED, AND THE CONCLUSION DRAWN THAT FREQUENCY OF PROFILE DESCRIPTORS IN DOCUMENT TITLES DID NOT DIFFERENTIATE RELEVANT FROM NON-RELEVANT DOCUMENTS. ******************************************** Document 4292 NFAIS MEMBER SERVICE STATISTICS. THE NATIONAL FEDERATION OF ABSTRACTING AND INDEXING SERVICES COLLECT STATISTICS OF THE NUMBER OF UNIQUE ITEMS COVERED BY MEMBER SERVICES. TABLE PRESENTS DATA FOR THE YEARS 1957-1981. ******************************************** Document 4293 THE BIRTH OF INDEX MEDICUS. THE BEGINNING YEARS OF 2INDEX MEDICUS1 (IM) AND ITS COMMONLY KNOWN ORIGINATOR, J.S. BILLINGS, ARE DESCRIBED ALONG WITH IM'S COMPANION PUBLICATION 2INDEX CATALOG OF THE LIBRARY OF THE SURGEON GENERAL'S OFFICE1 (IC). CONTENT COMPARISON OF IM AND IC REVEALS THAT R. FLETCHER, WHO JOINED BILLINGS IN 1876, WAS MOSTLY RESPONSIBLE FOR THE PUBLICATION OF 2INDEX MEDICUS1, WHILE BILLINGS WAS FOR 2INDEX CATALOG1. ******************************************** Document 4294 MACHINE AIDS FOR TRANSLATORS' ASLIB TECHNICAL TRANSLATION GROUP (WITH THE TRANSLATORS' GUILD OF THE INSTITUTE OF LINGUISTS) CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION; LONDON, 20 NOVEMBER 1980. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASLIB TECHNICAL TRANSLATION GROUP (WITH THE TRANSLATORS' GUILD OF THE INSTITUTE OF LINGUISTS) CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION, LONDON, 20 NOV 80. FOR ABSTRACTS OF THE INDIVIDUAL PAPERS, SEE THE FOLLOWING SERIAL NUMBERS'. ******************************************** Document 4295 NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOR INTERLINGUAL COMMUNICATION. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE ASLIB TECHNICAL TRANSLATION GROUP CONFERENCE, LONDON, 20 NOV 80. WITH CLOSER ECONOMIC COOPERATION WORLDWIDE AND INCREASING NUMBERS OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS AND MEETINGS THE COST OF TRANSLATION AND INTERPRETING SERVICES MAY BECOME TOO HEAVY A BURDEN UNLESS SOLUTIONS FOR REDUCING COSTS CAN BE FOUND. THERE IS A DANGER OF INTRODUCING NEW BARRIERS INTO INTERLINGUAL COMMUNICATION RESULTING FROM THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE NEW TECHNOLOGY ITSELF SUCH AS DOCUMENTATION AND COMMAND LANGUAGES. DESCRIBES THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION'S ATTEMPTS TO OVERCOME THESE BARRIERS. STANDARDISATION AGREEMENTS ARE URGENTLY REQUIRED AMONG MANUFACTURERS OF HARDWARE, DESIGNERS OF SOFTWARE, HOSTS OF DATA BASES AND PRODUCERS OF TRANSLATIONS AND TERMINOLOGY. BRIEFLY OUTLINES NEW FORMS OF TRANSLATION THAT WILL BE AVAILABLE. ******************************************** Document 4296 TRANSLATION ON A LIMITED BUDGET. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE 54TH ASLIB ANNUAL CONFERENCE, OXFORD UNIVERSITY, UK, 22-25 SEPT 81. SUGGESTS WHAT TRANSLATION SERVICES CAN BE ACHIEVE WITHOUT UNDUE EXPENDITURE, AND HOW, BASED ON EXPERIENCES AT MAY AND BAKER LTD, UK. COVERS' ASSESSING THE NEED FOR TRANSLATIONS; MANAGERIAL APPROVAL; LEVEL OF SERVICE; DICTIONARIES AND BASIC REFERENCE BOOKS; OUTSIDE RESOURCES; AN 'IN-HOUSE' TRANSLATORS PANEL; TRANSLATION AGENCIES; THE NEED TO ASSESS THE USER'S EXACT REQUIREMENTS AND TO SECURE A FEEDBACK; SIMPLE HOUSE-KEEPING AND COSTING; AND BOTTLE-NECKS, CONFLICTING PRIORITIES AND DEADLINES. ******************************************** Document 4297 MACHINE AIDS FOR TRANSLATORS' A REVIEW. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE ASLIB TECHNICAL TRANSLATION GROUP CONFERENCE, LONDON, 20 NOV 80. EXAMINES THE REASONS FOR AUTOMATING TEXT PRODUCTION WHICH WILL BE EQUALLY APPLICABLE TO THE PRODUCTION OF TRANSLATED TEXTS. INVESTIGATES DEVELOPMENTS IN MACHINES AND MICROCHIP TECHNOLOGY, INCLUDING VOICE RECOGNITION AND RESPONSE AND OPTICAL CHARACTER RECOGNITION EQUIPMENT. ******************************************** Document 4298 AIDS UNLIMITED' THE SCOPE FOR MACHINE AIDS IN A LARGE ORGANIZATION. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE ASLIB TECHNICAL TRANSLATION GROUP CONFERENCE, LONDON, 20 NOV 80. EXAMINES THE TYPES OF MACHINE AID WHICH ARE SUITABLE FOR USE IN A LARGE TRANSLATING OPERATION SUCH AS THOSE MET IN THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY INSTITUTIONS. REVIEWS THE WAY IN WHICH THESE MACHINE AIDS ARE ALREADY BEING USED IN LARGE ORGANISATIONS AND EXAMINES THE AREAS IN WHICH THEY CAN BE OF BENEFIT TO THE RUNNING OF THE WHOLE ORGANISATION. WARNS OF POSSIBLE DIFFICULTIES IN INTRODUCING THEM. IF THESE DIFFICULTIES CAN BE OVERCOME, MANY ADVANTAGES CAN BE GAINED IN A LARGE ORGANISATION BY INTRODUCING A FULLY-INTEGRATED WORD-PROCESSING SYSTEM IN WHICH ALL TEXTS ARE STORED IN ELECTRONIC ARCHIVES AND CAN BE TRANSMITTED ELECTRONICALLY FROM 1 WORK STATION TO ANOTHER, AND FROM 1 COUNTRY TO ANOTHER. ******************************************** Document 4299 MACHINE AIDS' A SMALL USER'S REACTION. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE ASLIB TECHNICAL TRANSLATION GROUP CONFERENCE, LONDON, 20 NOV 80. A TECHNICAL SURVEY OF THE KINDS OF EQUIPMENT THAT MAY IMPROVE BOTH THE QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF A TRANSLATOR'S WORK IS FOLLOWED BY CONSIDERATION OF THE NEW CONCEPTIONS AND ATTITUDES IMPOSED BY SUCH EQUIPMENT. DISCUSSES THE IMPORTANCE OF MOTIVATION AND OTHER PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS, AND STRESSES THE NEED FOR GREATER ATTENTION BY MANUFACTURERS TO HUMAN FACTORS. CONCLUDES WITH A PLEA FOR IMPROVED TELECOMMUNICATION FACILITIES AND MEDIA COMPATIBILITY BETWEEN SYSTEMS OF DIFFERENT MAKES. ******************************************** Document 4300 WORD PROCESSING AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT. AFTER BRIEFLY OUTLINING THE HISTORY OF THE USE OF COMPUTERS IN LIBRARIANSHIP, DESCRIBES WORD PROCESSING SYSTEMS AND THEIR COMPONENTS. DISCUSSES POSSIBLE APPLICATIONS OF WORD PROCESSING SYSTEMS FOR TECHNICAL PROCESSES AND INFORMATION WORK, TOGETHER WITH EXAMPLES OF SYSTEMS IN VARIOUS UK AND US INSTITUTIONS. CONCLUDES WITH GUIDELINES FOR CHOOSING A SYSTEM AND PROSPECTS FOR THE FUTURE. ******************************************** Document 4301 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA'S DIVISION OF LIBRARY AUTOMATION. LOCATED AT BERKELEY, THE DIVISION OF LIBRARY AUTOMATION RECEIVES BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORDS IN MACHINE READABLE FORM FROM CAMPUS LIBRARIES' CATALOGUING DEPARTMENTS AND DEVELOPS SOFTWARE TO INPUT AND MANAGE THE DATA. IT FUNDS RETROSPECTIVE CONVERSION PROJECTS, MAINTAINS A COMPUTER CENTRE AND IS DEVELOPING A TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORK. ******************************************** Document 4302 CURRENT TRENDS IN SERIALS AUTOMATION. PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE ESSEN SYMPOSIUM 6-8 OCT 80. 'IMPACT OF ISDS ON THE REGISTRATION OF SERIALS IN THE DEUTSCHE BIBLIOTHEK', BY D.WOLF; 'CURRENT TRENDS IN SERIALS AUTOMATION IN BRITISH ACADEMIC LIBRARIES' BY A.E. JEFFREYS; 'NATIONAL SERIALS DATA SYSTEM IN THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY', BY K.W. NEUBAUER; 'AUTHORITY FILE FOR CORPORATE AUTHORS IN THE SERIALS DATA BASE', BY G. FRANZMEIER; 'SCANDIAPLAN UNION CATALOGUE OF CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS ACCESSIONED IN THE SCANDINAVIAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY', BY B.BARNHOLDT; 'OCLC'S CONSER ACTIVITIES', BY M.JACOB; 'NORWEGIAN UNION CATALOGUE WITHIN THE NOSP PROJECT', BY H.M. FAGERLI; 'DEVELOPMENT, USE AND FUTURE OF THE PERIODICALS UNION CATALOGUE OF HESSE', BY B. DUGALL; 'INVESTIGATION OF THE COSTS AND BENEFITS OF ON-LINE SERIALS HANDLING' BY D. SHAW; 'SERIALS AUTOMATION IN THE VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY LIBRARY', BY J.A. WRIGHT; 'SERIALS AUTOMATION IN THE ETH-ZURICH', BY R. NOTHIGER; 'SERIA LS AUTOMATION IN THE GHB-ESSEN', BY A.H. HELAL; 'SWETS SUBSCRIPTION SERVICE FACING THE 1980S', BY A. DEKEMP AND T.WALLER; 'SERIALS AUTOMATION AND THE SUBSCRIPTION AGENT IN THE 1980S' BY A.SMITH. ******************************************** Document 4303 BIBLIOGRAPHIC STANDARDS AND LIBRARIES. STANDARDISATION WITHIN THE LIBRARY AND INFORMATION COMMUNITY IS DEFINED AND THEN CONSIDERED IN TERMS OF SUPPORT FROM AND INVOLVEMENT OF THE COMMUNITY, FACTORS CAUSING STANDARDISATION, AND PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF STANDARDS. CONCLUDES THAT THERE IS A VIABLE MECHANISM FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC STANDARDS, BUT THAT THERE IS LACKING NOT ONLY A BASIC UNDERSTANDING OF THIS MECHANISM AND THE IMPORTANCE OF STANDARDS BY THE INFORMATION COMMUNITY, BUT ALSO THE NECESSARY COMMITMENT AND INVOLVEMENT CRITICAL TO SUCCESSFUL STANDARDISATION. ******************************************** Document 4304 THE USBC AND CONTROL OF THE BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATABASE. A NUMBER OF PROBLEMS HAVE ARISEN BY THE USE OF ISBN FOR COMPUTERISED BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORDS. THE NEED FOR A CONTROL NUMBER THAT IS NOT SUBJECT TO MISAPPLICATION EITHER BY HUMAN ERROR OR THROUGH FAULTS IN ITS STRUCTURE HAS LED TO THE CONCEPT OF THE UNIVERSAL STANDARD BOOK CODE (USBC). THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF USBC IS DESCRIBED BRIEFLY AND THE ABILITY OF USBC TO DETECT DUPLICATES IN DATA BASES IS HIGHLIGHTED. ******************************************** Document 4305 OCLC-MARC TAPES AND COLLECTION MANAGEMENT. OCLC-MARC SUBSCRIPTION SERVICE TAPES CAN BE USED AS A CONVENIENT SOURCE OF STATISTICAL DATA FOR COLLECTION MANAGEMENT. NEW ACQUISITIONS CAN BE ANALYSED BY USING MONTHLY AND ANNUAL CUMULATIVE TAPES. INFORMATION OBTAINABLE INCLUDES GENERAL STATISTICS SUCH AS NUMBERS OF NEW TITLES ADDED BY SUBJECTS, TYPES OF MATERIALS, LANGUAGES OF THE TEXT, AND INTELLECTUAL LEVELS. USING BOOLEAN OPERATORS, IT IS POSSIBLE TO GENERATE STATISTICS SUCH AS THE NUMBER OF CHEMISTRY HANDBOOKS PUBLISHED AFTER 1970, ART HISTORY BOOKS WRITTEN IN THE SPANISH LANGUAGE FILMSTRIPS TREATING AMERICAN HISTORY SUITED FOR CHILDREN, ETC. ******************************************** Document 4306 CENTRAL STOCK ACQUISITION FOR PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN 1982. THIS PRACTICE, CARRIED OUT BY THE CZECH MINISTRY OF CULTURE AND NOW WELL ESTABLISHED, DOES NOT REPLACE PUBLIC LIBRARIES STOCK ACQUISITION, BUT IS INTENDED TO HELP IN THOSE FIELDS WHERE THE LIBRARIES ARE TO BE INSTRUMENTAL IN REALISATION OF THE STATE CULTURAL POLICY. THE FUNDS ARE NOT SMALL; THE SUM INVOLVED IS MORE THAN 3 MILLION CROWNS. THE SELECTION OF TITLES AND READERS SERVICES CONCERNING THIS LITERATURE ARE EXPLAINED. ******************************************** Document 4307 USE OF A CATALOGING CENTER'S BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORDS AS A MEANS TO CHECK AND BALANCE ACQUISITIONS ACTIVITIES AT AN ACADEMIC HEALTH SCIENCES LIBRARY. THE ACQUISITIONS STAFF AT WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY'S SHIFFMAN MEDICAL LIBRARY HAS DEVELOPED A VALIDATION SYSTEM BASED ON THE REQUESTS FOR CATALOGUING FROM THE 5 TEACHING HOSPITALS WHICH ARE MEMBERS OF THE DETROIT COOPERATIVE CATALOGING CENTER (DC3). DC3 PROVIDES DATA ON MEMBERS' ACQUISITION ACTIVITES WHICH HAVE ASSISTED IN POINTING UP DEFICIENCIES IN SHIFFMAN'S BOOK BUDGET, AND IN ASSESSING THE ADEQUACY OF SELECTIVE PURCHASING IN THE FACE OF FISCAL CONSTRAINTS. THIS SYSTEM IS BEING USED TO GENERATE THE KIND OF INFORMATION NEEDED BY BOTH ACQUISITIONS LIBRARIANS AND LIBRARY ADMINISTRATORS IN ORDER TO MAKE INFORMED COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT DECISIONS. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 4308 CHOOSING AND USING BOOKS IN THE FIRST SCHOOL. PRACTICAL GUIDE TO THE CHOOSING OF BOOKS TO SUIT THE READING NEEDS, IN THE SCHOOL LIBRARY, OF CHILDREN UNDER 9 YEARS OLD. ******************************************** Document 4309 BUILDING LIBRARY COLLECTIONS. ANALYSES COLLECTION-DEVELOPMENT POLICIES AND PRACTICES IN 7 US ACADEMIC LIBRARIES, DRAWING ON 2 THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES-ANALYSES OF THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF COMPLEX ORGANISATIONS AND ANALYSES OF RESOURCE ALLOCATION. 340 ACADEMIC LIBRARIANS, FACULTY MEMBERS, AND COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY ADMINISTRATORS WERE INTERVIEWED, FIELD OBSERVATIONS WERE MADE, AND MATERIAL WAS COLLECTED FROM STATISTICAL SUMMARIES AND REPORTS. THIS WORK IS INTENDED TO MAKE A BASIC CONTRIBUTION TO THE SOCIAL SCIENCE STUDY OF COMPLEX ORGANISATIONS. ******************************************** Document 4310 MEETING THE INFORMATION NEEDS OF THE PRINT HANDICAPPED-MORE THAN RAMPS AND SLIDING DOORS. PRESENTS THE VIEW THAT THE INFORMATION NEEDS OF THE HANDICAPPED ARE EQUAL IN SCOPE TO THOSE OF OTHER PEOPLE AND THAT LIBRARIANS SHOULD DEVELOP COLLECTIONS IN THE FORMATS NECESSARY TO MEET THOSE NEEDS. FOCUSES ON THE BASIC COMPONENTS NECESSARY TO BUILDING AND ORGANISING COLLECTIONS AS WELL AS THE LIMITATIONS TO BE ENCOUNTERED. ******************************************** Document 4311 THE AMERICAN TRUST FOR THE BRITISH LIBRARY. THE AIMS OF THE AMERICAN TRUST FOR THE BRITISH LIBRARY WERE ORIGINALLY TO ENABLE THE BL TO AUGMENT ITS HOLDINGS OF AMERICAN PUBLICATIONS FROM THE 1880S TO THE 1950S AND TO REPLACE BOOKS STILL MISSING FROM WORLD WAR 2 LOSSES. THE ROLE OF ATBL IN THE PROMOTION OF AMERICAN STUDIES IN THE UK IS DISCUSSED. ******************************************** Document 4312 EFFECT OF ONLINE SERVICES ON PURCHASE OF A PRINTED INDEX. REVIEWS THE TREND OF PURCHASING OF A PRINTED INDEX (2INDEX MEDICUS1) WITHIN THE SOUTH WEST THAMES REGIONAL HEALTH AUTHORITY (UK). SHOWS THAT AS THE MACHINE READABLE COUNTERPART (MEDLINE) HAS BECOME MORE EASILY ACCESSIBLE THE PURCHASE AND USE OF 2INDEX MEDICUS1 HAS INCREASED RATHER THAN DIMINISHED. ******************************************** Document 4313 REQUIREMENTS FOR ESTABLISHING A REGIONAL INFORMATION NUCLEUS IN NORTH EAST BRAZIL. TO DEMONSTRATE THE PROBLEMS OF ESTABLISHING A REGIONAL INFORMATION NETWORK, THE EXISTING INFORMATION RESOURCES IN BRAZIL'S NORTHEAST WERE INVESTIGATED. DATA OBTAINED FROM THE 2BRAZILIAN STATISTICAL ANNUAL1 AND THE BRAZILIAN 2NATIONAL UNION CATALOGUE OF PERIODICALS1 SHOWED THAT COMPARED TO OTHER REGIONS, ALTHOUGH RELATIVELY WELL ENDOWED WITH LIBRARIES, THE NORTHEAST IS INADEQUATELY SUPPLIED WITH PERIODICALS, AND THAT THE MAJORITY OF COLLECTIONS ARE INCOMPLETE OR DUPLICATED. A PLANNED ACQUISITION PROGRAMME FOR SERIALS, BACKED BY AN ORGANISED INTERLIBRARY LOAN POLICY, IS RECOMMENDED, TOGETHER WITH INVESTIGATIONS TO ESTABLISH USER NEEDS AND PERIODICAL USAGE, AS ESSENTIAL PRELIMINARIES FOR NETWORK PLANNING. ******************************************** Document 4314 USE FOR ELECTRONIC MAIL FOR ILL. THE USE OF ELECTRONIC MAIL BY THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST BIBLIOGRAPHIC CENTER TO TRANSMIT INTERLIBRARY LOAN REQUESTS TO AND FROM MEMBER LIBRARIES IS DESCRIBED. ******************************************** Document 4315 ON THE INTERLIBRARY LOAN MAP. IN QUESTIONNAIRE REPLIES, FEW READERS AT THE OPOCHKA REGIONAL LIBRARY KNEW OF THE INTERLIBRARY LOANS SYSTEM, (ILS). THE REGIONAL LIBRARY'S DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL LITERATURE BIBLIOGRAPHERS PRODUCE INFORMATION LISTS ON NEW ACCESSIONS, SO THE REASON CANNOT BE LACK OF INFORMATION ON AGRICULTURAL PUBLICATIONS. INDIVIDUAL WORK WITH READERS IS NECESSARY TO DISCOVER THEIR TRUE REQUIREMENTS. UNFORTUNATELY SOME LIBRARIES CONSIDER THE ILS AN OPTIONAL BURDEN. UNDER ILS RULES FICTION AND EDUCATIONAL BOOKS ARE DISPATCHED ONLY FOR SCIENTIFIC AND PRODUCTIVE WORK. PROBLEMS ARISE IN DEFINING 'EDUCATIONAL' BOOKS. FROM JULY 81 A STATE STANDARD WILL APPEAR CONCERNING A UNIFIED ILS AND INTRODUCING CERTAIN CHANGES. ******************************************** Document 4316 THE IMPACT OF THE OCLC INTERLIBRARY SUBSYSTEM ON A SCIENCE ORIENTED ACADEMIC LIBRARY. ANALYSIS AND STATISTICS ARE PRESENTED FOR 1 YEAR OF THE CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY LIBRARY'S USE OF OCLC AS A BORROWER, AS WELL AS A LENDER. THE KNOWLEDGE OF LOCATION OF ITEMS IN A WIDE RANGE OF LIBRARIES HAS MADE INTERLOAN REQUEST COMMUNICATIONS FOR BOOKS EASIER, QUICKER, AND MORE PRECISE. REQUESTS BY CALTECH FOR JOURNAL ARTICLES, REPORTS, ETC. ARE NOT HANDLED VIA OCLC. REQUESTS RECEIVED FROM OTHER LIBRARIES SHOW SOME LACK OF DISCRIMINATION BY SPECIFYING ITEMS NOT SHOWN AS AT CALTECH OR BY ASKING FOR RECENTLY PUBLISHED BOOKS. HOWEVER, THE VOLUME OF SUCH REQUESTS IS SMALL. ******************************************** Document 4317 AUTOMATED INTERLIBRARY LOANS. BEN AN SSSR, (USSR ACADEMY OF SCIENCES NATURAL SCIENCES LIBRARY), (ASNS), USES FOR INTERLIBRARY LOANS THE NATURAL SCIENCES STOCK OF 50 MOSCOW LEARNED LIBRARIES; THIS NECESSITATED AN AUTOMATED PROCESS. ASNS HAS AUTOMATED ITS SERVICE CONTROLLING THE FLOW OF REQUESTS, THEIR PROCESSING, AND OVERDUES. A COMPUTER PROVIDES INFORMATION ON THE PROGRESS OF LOAN REQUESTS AND STATISTICAL DATA ON INTERLIBRARY LOANS. A SPECIAL TRIPLICATE ORDER FORM PERMITS THE INTRODUCTION OF INFORMATION INTO THE COMPUTER WITHOUT PRE-MACHINE PROCESSING. A MACHINE CALENDAR SCANS LOAN PERIODS. OWING TO COMPUTERISATION ASNS HAS ELIMINATED 2 CARD INDEXES RECORDING INTERLIBRARY LOANS, (60,000 CARDS P.A.), AND FREED STAFF FOR OTHER WORK. ASNS PLANS TO INTRODUCE AUTOMATION INTO OTHER SECTIONS. ******************************************** Document 4318 NO GRANDFATHER CLAUSE: REAPPRAISING ACCESSIONED RECORDS. EVERY PUBLIC RECORDS REPOSITORY HAS ON ITS SHELVES RECORDS WHICH, IF OFFERED TODAY, WOULD BE UNACCEPTABLE, AND YET SHELF SPACE IS STILL PROVIDED FOR THEM. FOR SUCH RECORDS THERE SHOULD BE NO 'GRANDFATHER CLAUSE'. DISCUSSES THE REASONS FOR THE KEEPING OF RECORDS OF QUESTIONABLE VALUE, AND SUGGESTS A REAPPRAISAL PROCEDURE, WITH AN INTERVAL OF REAPPRAISAL OF PERHAPS 20 TO 30 YEARS. DISCUSSES APPRAISAL METHODS, STRESSING THE CARE THAT MUST BE TAKEN IF UNIQUE AND IMPORTANT RECORDS ARE NOT TO BE DESTROYED. ******************************************** Document 4319 SAMPLING IN ARCHIVES' AN ESSAY ILLUSTRATING THE VALUE OF MATHEMATICALLY BASED SAMPLING AND THE USAGE OF TECHNIQUES OTHER THAN SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING WITHIN ARCHIVES; OR, COPING WITH 10,000 FEET OF INVOICES BEFORE RETIREMENT. DISCUSSES WHAT SAMPLING IS, REFUTING THE CLAIM THAT ARCHIVAL SAMPLING AND MATHEMATICAL SAMPLING ARE DISTINCT AND SEPARATE METHODS; ADDRESSES THE PROBLEM OF IMPLEMENTATION, IN PARTICULAR TO SUGGEST AN ALTERNATE TECHNQIUE TO SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING; AND DEMONSTRATES THE LEGITIMACY OF SAMPLING BY REPORTING THE RESULTS OF IT CARRIED OUT ON A TYPICAL ARCHIVAL RECORD GROUP, OF KNOWN VALUES. ******************************************** Document 4320 A STUDY OF THE PROGNOSES OF LIBRARY EDUCATORS AND PRESERVATIONISTS ON CONSERVATION TRAINING AND THE LIBRARY SCHOOL. (PHD THESIS-FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY). A STUDY OF THE FUTURE OF CONSERVATION OF LIBRARY AND ARCHIVE MATERIALS AS VIEWED BY 2 GROUPS OF EXPERTS-PEOPLE CURRENTLY ACTIVE IN THE FIELD OF CONSERVATION AND REGULAR LIBRARY SCHOOL FACULTY MEMBERS. ASKS WHETHER PRESERVATIONISTS AND LIBRARY EDUCATORS SEE THE FUTURE IN SIMILAR FASHIONS AND WHETHER THEIR FUNDAMENTAL VIEWS ARE HELD STRONGLY ENOUGH TO AFFECT THEIR ROLES IN PROVIDING CONSERVATION TRAINING. ******************************************** Document 4321 ST INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON THE PROBLEMS OF CONSERVATION AND RESTORATION IN NATIONAL LIBRARIES.G IVES A BRIEF ACCOUNT OF THE 1ST INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON THE 'PROBLEMS OF CONSERVATION AND RESTORATION OF NATIONAL LIBRARY COLLECTIONS' HELD 16-21 JUNE 80 AT THE DEUTSCHE BUCHEREI IN LEIPZIG. SPECIALISTS FROM EASTERN EUROPE AND THE USSR MET TO DISCUSS CURRENT NATIONAL POLICIES ON THE PRESERVATION OF NATIONAL LIBRARY COLLECTIONS AND METHODS OF CONSERVATION AND RESTORATION OF BOOKS, PERIODICALS AND NEWSPAPERS. A RESOLUTION WAS ADOPTED TO INCREASE INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN THESE FIELDS. IN PRACTICE THIS WILL MEAN HOLDING REGULAR MEETINGS AND A SYSTEMATIC EXCHANGE OF THE LATEST RESEARCH RESULTS AND TECHNOLOGY AMONG THE MEMBERS OF THE COMECON. GREATER PARTICIPATION IN RELEVANT INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS, ESPECIALLY IFLA, IS ALSO IMPORTANT. ******************************************** Document 4322 FIRST IMPRESSIONS OF THE CHIEF CONSERVATION OFFICER' THE CHALLENGE IS IMMENSE. DISCUSSES BRIEFLY THE MAIN CONSERVATION NEEDS OF THE HUMANITIES RESEARCH CENTER AT THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS, AUSTIN, AND DESCRIBES WHAT HAS BEEN DONE SO FAR TO MEET THEM, INCLUDING THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A CONSERVATION COMMITTEE COMPRISED OF VARIOUS DEPARTMENTS AT THE CENTER, AND THE INITIATION OF A TRAINING PROGRAMME FOR THE CONSERVATION OF LIBRARY AND ARCHIVAL MATERIALS. ******************************************** Document 4323 GRANT FUNDS PROVIDE IMPETUS FOR COMPREHENSIVE CONSERVATION PROGRAM. RESEARCH LIBRARIES EVERYWHERE FACE THE PROBLEM OF CONSERVATION OF LIBRARY MATERIALS. FUNDING FROM FEDERAL GOVERNMENT HAS, IN THE PAST FEW YEARS, STIMULATED RESEARCH, SPECIAL PROJECTS, AND PROGRAMMES SUCH AS THE NATIONAL CONSERVATION ADVISORY COUNCIL AND THE NATIONAL PRESERVATION PROGRAM IN THE USA. MORRIS LIBRARY, AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS, HAS EMBARKED UPON A COMPREHENSIVE CONSERVATION PROGRAMME FOR ITS COLLECTIONS WITH GRANT FUNDS FROM SEVERAL FUNDING BODIES. ITS PROGRAMME IS DESCRIBED IN DETAIL. COMMITTED TO CONSERVATION ON A BROAD SCALE, THE UNIVERSITY AND MORRIS LIBRARY SUPPORT EFFORTS AIMED AT PRESERVING AND MAINTAINING RESEARCH MATERIALS VITAL TO THE UNIVERSITY'S EDUCATIONAL AND RESEARCH PROGRAMMES, AND THE SCHOLARLY COMMUNITY AT LARGE. ******************************************** Document 4324 EITHER WE MOVE OR ELSE WE STOP ACCEPTING MORE BOOKS. DESCRIBES THE DEPOSIT LIBRARY AND ITS SPACE PROBLEMS. UNLESS THE LIBRARY MOVES FROM ITS PRESENT ACCOMMODATION IN THE BASEMENT OF THE LIBRARY SCHOOL WITHIN HALF A YEAR, IT WILL HAVE TO START REFUSING BOOKS FROM PUBLIC LIBRARIES. THE LIBRARY'S PURPOSE IS TO STORE BOOKS WHICH HAVE BEEN CULLED FROM PUBLIC LIBRARIES AND TO LEND OR GIVE THEM TO OTHER LIBRARIES, AND THEREFORE IT MUST NECESSARILY GROW AT A TIME WHEN OTHER LIBRARIES CONTRACT. THE LIBRARY BEGAN IN 1968 WITH 1400 SQ.M.; LATER A FURTHER 175 SQ.M. WERE ADDED FOR SHELVING AND 1000 SQ.M. IN A WAREHOUSE ELSEWHERE. A SUITABLE BUILDING OF 7700 SQ.M. IS NOW AVAILABLE CHEAPLY. WITH AN INCREASE OF 25,000 VOLUMES A YEAR, THIS WOULD SECURE ENOUGH SPACE UNTIL THE 90S. RUNNING COSTS WILL BE 5.1 MILLION KR. IN 82 AS COMPARED TO THE PRESENT 3.6 MILLION KR., AND COST OF ESTABLISHMENT WILL BE 2.7 MILLION KR. THE DANISH LIBRARY ASSOCIATION, THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF LOCAL AUTHORITIES AND THE LIBRAR Y COUNCIL HAVE NOW RECOMMENDED THAT THE MONEY SHOULD COME FROM THE PUBLIC LIBRARIES' DISPOSITION FUND, NOT OTHERWISE USED FOR SUCH PURPOSES, AS THE SOURCE OF THE LIBRARY'S FINANCE, THE PUBLIC LIBRARIES' JOINT APPROPRIATION, WOULD BE UNABLE TO COPE. THE LIBRARY IS A LAST RESORT, AFTER THE CENTRAL LIBRARIES, FOR ORDINARY PEOPLE FOR THE LENDING OF OLDER BOOKS AND MEETS 55% OF ENQUIRIES, A FIGURE WHICH WOULD BE HIGHER IF A CATALOGUE OF HOLDINGS EXISTED. ******************************************** Document 4325 TURNKEY SYSTEMS FOR LIBRARY CIRCULATION CONTROL' AN INTRODUCTION. REVIEWS THE HISTORICAL BACKGROUND TO COMPUTERISED CIRCULATION CONTROL AND GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TURNKEY SYSTEMS AS AN INTRODUCTION TO A DETAILED DISCUSSION OF 5 TURNKEY SYSTEMS (P.87-125). ******************************************** Document 4326 THE ISSUE CONTROL IS RIDDLED WITH ERRORS. STATEMENTS BY THE DANISH LIBRARIANS' UNION SHOW THAT LIBRARIANS KNOW NOTHING ABOUT WORK IN THE TECHNICAL DEPARTMENTS AND ISSUE DESKS, WHERE OFFICE TRAINED STAFF, NOT LIBRARIANS, WORK; THEY THEREFORE TEND TO REJECT AUTOMATION IN THESE AREAS. THEY ARE, ON THE OTHER HAND, TRAINED IN BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SERVICES AND HENCE APPROVE OF AUTOMATION OF THESE. THE FACT IS, HOWEVER, THAT PRESENT MANUAL ISSUE CONTROL SYSTEMS ARE WORKING VERY POORLY' BOOKS ARE BEING RECALLED WHICH ARE ALREADY RETURNED OR HAVE NEVER BEEN BORROWED. REFERS TO A NEGLECTED REPORT OF 1979 BY A COMMITTEE OF HEADS OF ISSUE DESKS, WHICH RECOMMENDS EXPERIMENTS WITH AUTOMATED ISSUE CONTROL SYSTEMS AND IN PARTICULAR SUPPORTS AN AUTOMATIC RECALL SYSTEM. THE ISSUE DESK STAFF OF THE AUTOMATED OLSTYKKE LIBRARY HAVE ALSO EXPRESSED POSITIVE VIEWS ON THEIR AUTOMATIC SYSTEM, VIEWS FOR WHICH THEY HAVE BEEN REPRIMANDED BY THE LIBRARIANS' UNION. ******************************************** Document 4327 COMPUTERISED CIRCULATION. REPORT OF A 1980 STUDY VISIT TO 11 AMERICAN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES ANALYSING THE PROBLEMS INVOLVED IN INSTALLING AN AUTOMATED LOAN SYSTEM. THE DISCUSSION COVERS THE PREPARATION AND INPUT OF USER DATA; METHODS OF CONVERTING CATALOGUES; AND PROCEDURES FOR ACCESSING FILES AND RECORDING TRANSACTIONS. CONSIDERS THE ADVANTAGES OF AUTOMATION, AND THE ADDITIONAL APPLICATIONS OF SUCH SYSTEMS IN LIBRARY MANAGEMENT OPERATIONS. ******************************************** Document 4328 EFFICIENT FINDING AIDS' DEVELOPING A SYSTEM FOR CONTROL OF ARCHIVES AND MANUSCRIPTS. DESCRIBES SOME GENERAL PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES THAT CONTRIBUTE TO THE EASE AND EFFICIENCY WITH WHICH ARCHIVAL FINDING AIDS CAN BE PRODUCED, MAINTAINED AND USED. A CONTEMPLATION OF POTENTIAL FUTURE AUTOMATION MIGHT BE A WAY TO BRING SUCH PRACTICES INTO FOCUS AND DEVELOP A RATIONALE FOR THEIR SYSTEMATIC APPLICATION. ******************************************** Document 4329 FINDING AIDS' A MULTI-MEDIA, SYSTEMS PERSPECTIVE. COMPREHENSIVE DISCUSSION OF FINDING AIDS FOR ARCHIVAL MATERIAL. THE TRADITIONAL ASSUMPTION THAT THE FINDING AID IS PREPARED BY AN INDIVIDUAL REPOSITORY IS TOO INSULAR. THE PERSPECTIVE MUST EXPAND TO INCLUDE FINDING AIDS RELATED TO ACCUMULATIONS OF PHOTOGRAPHS, MACHINE-READABLE FILES, ORAL HISTORY TAPES AND TRANSCRIPTS, MOTION PICTURES AND SIMILAR MEDIA, AND NOT MERELY TRADITIONAL PAPER RECORDS. EXAMINES THE POSSIBILITY OF DEVELOPING SUCH MULTI-MEDIA FINDING AIDS. ******************************************** Document 4330 ON SOME PROBLEMS OF SUBJECT CATALOGUING AT THE WISMAR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING LIBRARY. THE WISMAR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING LIBRARY USES A CLASSIFIED CATALOGUE FOR SUBJECT CATALOGUING WHICH WAS INTRODUCED IN 1970. IT IS BASED ON THE HIERARCHIC UNIVERSAL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM OF THE ROSTOCK UNIVERSITY LIBRARY. THIS IS SUITABLE FOR THE STOCK OF THE WISMAR LIBRARY WHICH COVERS A VERY WIDE RANGE OF SUBJECTS. THE SYSTEMATIC CATALOGUE HAS A FLEXIBLE NOTATION SYSTEM WHICH CAN COVER COMPLEX TERMS EXTENDING TO 6 COLUMNS AND ALSO HAS KEYWORDS' GENERAL, GEOGRAPHICAL, CHRONOLOGICAL, LINGUISTIC AND LITERATURE. THE SYSTEMATICS WORK AT THE WISMAR LIBRARY HAS SEVERAL OBJECTIVES' TO ADAPT THE ROSTOCK UNIVERSITY LIBRARY'S UNIVERSAL CLASSIFICATION TO THE SPECIALISED WISMAR COLLECTION; TO OVERCOME THE PROBLEMS ARISING FROM SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENTS BY EXPANDING AND BRINGING UP TO DATE THE SCHEDULES; AND TO WORK OUT NEW SYSTEMS IN CASES WHERE THE LIMITS OF EXISTING ONES ARE REACHED. WHERE THIS HAS BEEN NECESSARY 2 C ATALOGUES HAVE SOMETIMES BEEN IN EXISTENCE SIMULTANEOUSLY TO AVOID LOSS OF INFORMATION FOR THE USER. ******************************************** Document 4331 DOCUMENTARY ANALYSIS OF VISUAL RESOURCES' THE METHODS USED TO DATE. A COMPREHENSIVE ACCOUNT, BASED ON RECENT LITERATURE COVERING' DIFFICULTIES IN ANALYSING IMAGES FOR DOCUMENTATION PURPOSES; CATALOGUING AND SUBJECT HEADINGS, WITH REFERENCE TO LISTS AND ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUES PREPARED BY SPECIAL LIBRARIES; THE CLASSIFICATION OF IMAGES, IN RELATION TO THE INADEQUACY OF CONVENTIONAL SYSTEMS, SYSTEMS DEVELOPED FOR SLIDE COLLECTIONS, ARCHIVAL CLASSIFICATIONS, AND CLASSIFICATION OF PHOTOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES; AND INDEXING PROCEDURES USED BY SPECIAL LIBRARIES IN THE FIELDS OF PETROLEUM, MANAGEMENT AND URBAN PLANNING, MEDICINE, EDUCATION, ARCHAEOLOGY AND THE HISTORY OF ART, THE PLASTIC ARTS, AND METHODS DEVELOPED TO TAKE ACCOUNT OF THE SEMIOLOGICAL CONNOTATIONS OF IMAGES. BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES ARE PROVIDED FOR ALL METHODS AND SYSTEMS REFERRED TO. THE NEED FOR FURTHER RESEARCH TO DEVELOP WHOLLY SATISFACTORY TECHNIQUES IS EMPHASISED. ******************************************** Document 4332 ON THE ACCESS TO CARTOGRAPHIC COLLECTIONS IN GDR LIBRARIES. SUITABLE CATALOGUING AND CLASSIFICATION OF CARTOGRAPHIC COLLECTIONS OFFERS THE USER EASIER ACCESS TO THESE MATERIALS AND OFFERS THE LIBRARIAN A FUNDAMENTAL BASIS FOR PROVIDING INFORMATION AND PROMOTING OPTIMAL USE OF HIS COLLECTIONS. HERE, THE METHODS OF CLASSIFICATION WHICH ARE USED IN EAST GERMANY ARE LINEATED USING EXAMPLES FROM THE MOST SIGNIFICANT MAP COLLECTIONS. ******************************************** Document 4333 AUTHORITY CONTROL' UNNECESSARY DETAIL OF NEEDED SUPPORT?. AUTHORITY CONTROL IS THE SET OF PROCEDURES WHICH DETERMINES THE USE OF CONSISTENT NAMES AND TERMINOLOGY, CHANGING RELATIONSHIPS AMONG SCHOLARLY DISCIPLINES, CORPORATE BODIES, AND GOVERNMENT AGENCIES. GIVES EXAMPLES OF AUTHORITY WORK FOR PERSONAL NAMES, CORPORATE NAMES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, SERIES TITLES AND SUBJECT HEADINGS. SUGGESTS THAT AUTHORITY CONTROL IS ESSENTIAL BECAUSE' CATALOGUES ARE GROWING AND BECOMING MORE DIFFICULT TO USE SO THE USER MAY EASILY GET LOST WITHOUT AN AUTHORITY STRUCTURE TO PROVIDE GUIDANCE; AND IF LIBRARIES FOLLOW GENERALLY THE SAME STANDARDS IN ESTABLISHING BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORDS, THE TASK OF MATCHING RECORDS AMONG LIBRARIES WILL BE MADE CONSIDERABLY EASIER. ******************************************** Document 4334 THE MALAYSIAN MARC (MALMARC) PROJECT. THE MALAYSIAN MARC (MALMARC) PROJECT, WHICH IS ONE OF 5 COOPERATIVE PROGRAMMES INVOLVING THE 5 UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES AND THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MALAYSIA, CONSTITUTES ONE OF THE COMPONENTS OF THE DEVELOPING MALAYSIAN RESEARCH LIBRARY NETWORK. THE PROJECT BEGAN IN OCT 77 AS AN EXPERIMENT AS A RESULT OF A FEASIBILITY STUDY, AND BECAME AN OPERATIONAL SYSTEM IN JULY 79. DURING THE EXPERIMENTAL PERIOD, COSTING STUDIES WERE UNDERTAKEN AND THESE REVEALED THAT FOR ALL THE PARTICIPATING INSTITUTIONS, AN AUTOMATED CATALOGUING SYSTEM WAS CHEAPER THAN THE MANUAL SYSTEM. THE MALMARC SYSTEM IS CURRENTLY BEING OPERATED BY THE MALMARC COORDINATING CENTRE AT THE UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA. DETAILS OF THE SYSTEM TOGETHER WITH FLOWCHARTS ARE PROVIDED. THE HUMAN AND TECHNICAL PROBLEMS ARE ALSO DISCUSSED. CONCLUDES WITH A BRIEF OUTLINE OF FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS. ******************************************** Document 4335 WHAT'S IN COOPERATIVES FOR ME?. OUTLINES SOME OF THE DRAWBACKS TO LIBRARIES WHO JOIN COOPERATIVES FOR CENTRALISED COMPUTERISED CATALOGUING (E.G. BLCMP, SWALCAP). ******************************************** Document 4336 TECHNICAL REPORT ON LINKING THE BIBLIOGRAPHIC UTILITIES' BENEFITS AND COSTS. (REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE US COUNCIL ON LIBRARY RESOURCES.) PRESENTS THE FINDINGS OF AN EXAMINATION OF THE METHODS, BENEFITS AND COSTS OF LINKING THE 'BIBLIOGRAPHIC UTILITIES', FOCUSING ON THE FOLLOWING ISSUES: (1) OCLC, RLG/RLIN, WLN AND THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WERE CONSIDERED INITIAL CANDIDATES FOR LINKING; (2) ATTEMPTS TO DETERMINE THE BENEFITS FOR PUBLIC AND ACADEMIC LIBRARIES OF LINKING 2 OR MORE UTILITIES; (3) THE ANALYSIS WAS RESTRICTED TO BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORDS FOR MONOGRAPHS; (4) ASSESSED THE IMPACT OF LINKING ON SHARED CATALOGUING, INTERLIBRARY LOAN, AND REFERENCE SEARCHING; (5) EXAMINED THE BENEFITS OF THE LC CATALOGUING FUNCTION; AND (6) THE TECHNICAL EVALUATION CONCENTRATED ON LINK ALTERNATIVES THAT ARE TECHNOLOGICALLY FEASIBLE TODAY AND COULD BE IMPLEMENTED WITHIN THE NEXT 3 OR 4 YEARS. ******************************************** Document 4337 NETWORK SERVICE CENTERS AND THEIR EXPANDING ROLE. THE GROWTH OF OCLC AS AN AUTOMATED LIBRARY RESOURCE-SHARING SYSTEM HAS BEEN MADE POSSIBLE IN PART BY INTERMEDIARY ORGANISATIONS, OR NETWORKS, THAT FUNCTION AS MARKETING AND DISTRIBUTING AGENTS FOR OCLC SERVICES. AS THEY HAVE GROWN, THE NETWORKS HAVE TAKEN ON OTHER ROLES. THE RESULTS OF A SURVEY OF THE DIRECTORS OF THE NETWORKS REVEAL PATTERNS OF SERVICE BEYOND OCLC, AND INDICATE THAT THE NETWORKS PROVIDE, OR PLAN TO PROVIDE, AUTOMATED LIBRARY SUPPORT SYSTEMS THEMSELVES. SURVEY RESULTS ALSO REVEAL BROKERAGE OF OTHER AUTOMATED SERVICES, NETWORKS' REVENUE SOURCES, STAFF SIZE AND GROWTH, AND FUTURE PLANS. ******************************************** Document 4338 ENTRY OF LOCAL DATA ON OCLC' THE OPTIONS AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE PROCESSING OF ARCHIVAL TAPES. THE OCLC SYSTEM ALLOWS FOR A GREAT DEAL OF FLEXIBILITY IN ENTERING INSTITUTION SPECIFIC DATA FOR AN ITEM. IN THE PAST, POLICIES FOR ENTERING LOCAL DATA HAVE BEEN FORMULATED IN MANY LIBRARIES ON THE BASIS OF CATALOGUE CARD APPEARANCE, BUT THE INCREASING USE OF OCLC TAPE PRODUCTS REQUIRES REEXAMINATION OF MANY OF THE LOCAL DATA PRACTICES NOW IN USE. A SURVEY WAS CONDUCTED BY THE BIBLIOGRAPHICAL CENTER FOR RESEARCH IN ORDER TO DETERMINE THE EXTENT OF VARIATIONS FOR ENTERING LOCAL DATA ON THE PART OF BCR OCLC LIBRARIES. THE RESULTS ARE PRESENTED HERE, ALONG WITH A DISCUSSION OF ALTERNATIVE PRACTICES AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE PROCESSING OF OCLC TAPES. ******************************************** Document 4339 CONSER' AN INTERNATIONAL PROJECT. DESCRIBES THE DEVELOPMENT OF CONSER-AN INTERNATIONAL PROJECT TO CONVERT RETROSPECTIVE AND CURRENT SERIAL RECORDS OF US AND CANADIAN LIBRARIES INTO A MACHINE READABLE BIBLIOGRAPHIC FILE. DISCUSSES BRIEFLY' THE USE OF THE CONSER DATA BASE FOR SERIALS CATALOGUING; SOME OF THE PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED BY THE PROJECT; AND EXPANSION AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENT. ******************************************** Document 4340 THE ELECTRONIC DATA PROCESSING PROJECT LIMBA/DALIS FOR PUBLIC LIBRARIES. RECENT INCREASES IN PUBLIC LIBRARY READERSHIP AND LOANS DEMAND MORE RATIONALISATION. THE LIMBA PROJECT IS CONCERNED WITH THE PRODUCTION BY ELECTRONIC DATA PROCESSING OF GUARD CATALOGUES FOR PUBLIC LIBRARIES, THE BOOK FORM BEING CONSIDERED MORE COMPACT AND PORTABLE THAN CARD FILES. EACH VOLUME IS PLANNED IN 3 SECTIONS, NAMELY' SCIENCE AND OTHER NON-FICTION; FICTION; AND CHILDREN'S LITERATURE. THE CONTENTS, CORRESPONDING WITH LIBRARY STOCKS IN LARGE BRANCH LIBRARIES, WILL BE KEPT UP TO DATE BY THE PUBLICATION OF CUMULATIVE SUPPLEMENTS EVERY 6 MONTHS. NEW COMPLETE EDITIONS ARE PLANNED EVERY 2 YEARS. THE BOOK CATALOGUES ARE INTENDED TO REPLACE CARD CATALOGUES IN BRANCHES, SMALL MUNICIPAL AND RURAL LIBRARIES AND IN TRADE UNION LIBRARIES. LIMBA'S DATA BANK FILE DALIS IS THE 1ST STAGE OF A COMPLETE ELECTRONIC DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM PLANNED FOR PUBLIC LIBRARIES. ******************************************** Document 4341 REPORT OF THE TASK FORCE ON TECHNICAL PROCESSING. EVALUATES THE IMPACT OF AACR2 AND THE CLOSING OF THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CARD CATALOGUE ON CATALOGUING AND OTHER TECHNICAL PROCESSING ROUTINES BOTH IN ALDERMAN LIBRARY AND ITS BRANCHES. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 4342 RETROSPECTIVE CONVERSION AT A TWO-YEAR COLLEGE. RETROSPECTIVE CONVERSION OF THE HOLDINGS, AT MIAMI UNIVERSITY AT HAMILTON LIBRARY, INTO MACHINE-READABLE FORM VIA THE OCLC SYSTEM IS DESCRIBED. RESULTS OF A TEST CONVERSION ARE GIVEN AND INDICATE THAT 7.32 YEARS WOULD BE NEEDED FOR COMPLETE CONVERSION. ******************************************** Document 4343 USER SURVEY OF A MICROFICHE CATALOGUE. DESCRIBES BRIEFLY THE RESULTS OF A SURVEY, CARRIED OUT BY STUDENTS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF VANCOUVER, SCHOOL OF LIBRARIANSHIP, TO ASSESS USER'S ATTITUDES TO THE LIBRARY'S MICROFICHE CATALOGUE. ******************************************** Document 4344 PROBLEMS IN APPLYING AACR2 TO MUSIC MATERIALS. SUCCESSIVE REVISIONS IN CATALOGUING CODES HAVE POSED SPECIAL PROBLEMS FOR MUSIC MATERIALS PRIMARILY BECAUSE THE ECONOMICS OF MUSIC PUBLISHING HAVE DICTATED TRADITIONAL DEPARTURES IN BIBLIOGRAPHIC PRESENTATION. THE ADOPTION OF AACR2 ADDITIONALLY FOCUSES ON THE UNIQUE PROBLEM OF PARTICIPATORY CREATION IN MUSIC; THE PERFORMER AS AUTHOR. STUDIES THE IMPACT OF THESE PHENOMENA ON CERTAIN MATTERS OF DESCRIPTION, ACCESS POINTS, AND UNIFORM TITLES. ******************************************** Document 4345 AUTHORS AND NAMES' MULTIPLE PSEUDONYMS IN AACR2. THE HISTORY OF CATALOGUING PSEUDONYMS IS REVIEWED. AACR2 REVERSES A CENTURY-LONG CATALOGUING PRACTICE BY ALLOWING AUTHORS WHO USE SEVERAL PSEUDONYMS TO BE ENTERED IN THE CATALOGUE UNDER EACH NAME. THIS VIOLATES THE CATALOGUE'S OBJECTIVES AS FORMULATED BY LUBETZKY AND IS CONTRADICTORY TO AACR2'S OWN INTERNAL LOGIC. THE NUMBER OF DISADVANTAGES TO THIS RULE FAR OUTWEIGH ANY ADVANTAGES. IT SHOULD BE REPLACED. ******************************************** Document 4346 REMARKS ON THE PRE-PRINT OF RAK-WB. THE RAK-WB (REGELN FUR DIE ALPHABETISCHE KATALOGISIERUNG IN 'WISSENSCHAFTLICHEN BIBLIOTHEKEN')-RULES FOR ALPHABETICAL CATALOGUING IN RESEARCH LIBRARIES-HAVE BEEN COMPILED TO CORRESPOND TO THE SPECIFIC SITUATION IN RESEARCH LIBRARIES AND FULFIL THEIR PURPOSE WHICH IS TO BRIDGE THE TIME GAP UNTIL RAK IS PUBLISHED IN BOOK FORM. RAK-WB PROVIDES A BASIS FOR CATALOGUING IN RESEARCH LIBRARIES DEMONSTRATING THE DESIRED UNIFORMITY IN ALL IMPORTANT POINTS. ITS USE WILL LEAD TO UNIFORM PROCESSING AT ALL STAGES OF CLASSIFICATION WHICH IS NECESSARY FOR COOPERATIVE CATALOGUING AND DATA EXCHANGE. ITS VALUE IS INCREASED BY THE MANY AMENDMENTS AND IMPROVEMENTS WHICH WENT INTO ITS MAKE-UP AS A RESULT OF YEARS OF PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE WITH RAK. RAK-WB HAS BEEN QUICKLY ADOPTED BY THE RAPIDLY EXPANDING LIBRARY ASSOCIATIONS. IT IS HOPED THAT THE PLANNED RAK-OB FOR PUBLIC LIBRARIES WILL BE OF A COMPARABLE STANDARD. ******************************************** Document 4347 UNION CATALOGUES OF MUSIC PERIODICALS. COLLECTION OF PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE IAML ANNUAL CONFERENCE, SALZBURG, 1-7 JULY 79. COMPRISES AN INTRODUCTION BY IMOGEN FELLINGER; 2THE BRITISH UNION CATALOGUE OF MUSIC PERIODICALS, 1BY ANTHONY HODGES; TOWARDS A DUTCH UNION CATALOGUE OF MUSIC PERIODICALS, BY CHARLOTTE VAN DER POT; AND PRESENT ACTIVITIES REGARDING UNION CATALOGUES OF PERIODICALS IN THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY AND BERLIN (WEST). ******************************************** Document 4348 LIST OF UNION CATALOGUES OF (MUSIC) PERIODICALS. LIST PROVIDES INFORMATION ON 54 UNION CATALOGUES OF MUSIC PERIODICALS AND UNION CATALOGUES OF PERIODICALS WHICH INCLUDE MUSIC AND MUSIC-RELATED PERIODICALS FROM 30 COUNTRIES. ******************************************** Document 4349 MORE ABOUT SUBJECT CATALOGUING. THE ITALIAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION NEEDS TO DISCUSS AND DECIDE IN 1 OF ITS CONGRESSES' WHAT PRACTICAL VALUE HAVE SERRAI'S PROPOSITIONS AND DEDUCTIONS ON THE THESAURI COMPILED BY SPECIALISTS AND AT WHAT STAGE THEY ARE PREFERABLE TO THE CURRENT SUBJECT LIST NOTORIOUSLY OMITTED FROM THE UNIQUE CATALOGUE; ENQUIRY, CONSIDERATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS ON THE INDISCRIMINATE ABUSE OF THE PRINCIPAL SUBJECTS; CRITICISM AND DISCRIMINATORY REVISION ON THE PREEMINENCE OR OTHERWISE OF THE GEOGRAPHICAL SUBJECTS; REVISION OF THE ORGANISATIONAL AND DISTRIBUTIVE PRINCIPLES OF THE CATALOGUING INSTITUTE; AND TO WHAT EXTENT SUBJECT CATALOGUING CAN MAKE USE OF ELECTRONICS AND COMPUTERS WITHOUT FORGETTING THAT ORIGINAL INSPIRATION STEMS ONLY FROM THE HUMAN BRAIN. ******************************************** Document 4350 MEASURES OF CONSISTENCY IN INDEXING' INTERCONSISTENCY. REPORT OF A BRAZILIAN STUDY BASED ON POSTGRADUATE COURSE WORK IN INFORMATION SCIENCE, DESIGNED TO MEASURE THE CONSISTENCY OF PERFORMANCE BY A GROUP OF INDEXERS IN SELECTING TERMS TO REPRESENT DOCUMENT CONTENT. A PRELIMINARY DISCUSSION EXAMINES PREVIOUS STUDIES OF CONSISTENCY AND FORMULAS DEVELOPED TO TEST AND MEASURE BOTH INTER AND INTRACONSISTENCY. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF THE METHODOLOGY USED HERE IN A RESTRICTED STUDY INVOLVING 10 INDEXERS AND 1 ARTICLE, AND RESULTS PRESENTED IN FULL, SHOWING THE NUMBER OF TERMS ASSIGNED IN RELATION TO LENGTH OF TIME SPENT; CONSISTENCY BETWEEN TERMS; AND FREQUENCY OF USE OF TERMS. THE CONCLUSIONS INDICATE THE NEED FOR VOCABULARY RESTRICTION OR PRESCRIPTION OF TERMS TO CIRCUMVENT THE PROBLEM OF INDEXER SUBJECTIVITY. ******************************************** Document 4351 INCREASING INFORMATION RETRIEVAL PRECISION. ISOLATES 6 PAIRS OF INTER-RELATED FACTORS (INFORMATION AND USER, DOCUMENT AND SEARCH DESCRIPTIONS, DESCRIPTOR AND SUBJECT WORD, OBJECT AND PROCESS, HIGHER- AND LOWER-RANK CONCEPTS, AND SELECTION AND REDUCTION), SOME OF WHICH MAY INTERFERE WITH SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION RETRIEVAL PRECISION (ESPECIALLY IN COMPUTERISED SYSTEMS). TO ELIMINATE SUCH INTERFERENCE, PROPOSES THAT' A FORMULA SPECIFYING INFORMATION NEED MORE PRECISELY SHOULD BE INTRODUCED; WHILE INDEXING, SUBJECT (RATHER THAN DOCUMENT) CONTENT SHOULD BE DESCRIBED; CONCEPT CHARACTERISTICS, RATHER THAN UNIFIED KEY WORDS, SHOULD BE USED; PROCESS-ORIENTED WORDS SHOULD BE USED TO DESCRIBE CHANGES IN TIME; HIGHER-RANK CONCEPTS SHOULD BE USED ONLY IF THEY ADEQUATELY COVER ALL SUBORDINATED CONCEPTS; AND ELEMENTS FOR INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SHOULD NOT BE MIXED WITH THOSE AIMED AT CONTENT DESCRIPTION. ******************************************** Document 4352 THEORY OF CONCEPTS. TRANSLATION OF A PAPER DELIVERED AT A 1975 BRAZILIAN CONFERENCE ON LIBRARY SCIENCE AND DOCUMENTATION ANALYSING THE FUNCTION OF CONCEPTS IN NATURAL LANGUAGE WITH REFERENCE TO THE FORMULATION OF NEW CONCEPTS NECESSITATED BY THE GROWTH OF KNOWLEDGE. THE DISCUSSION COVERS THE RELATION BETWEEN NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL LANGUAGES; THE CONSTRUCTION OF CONCEPTS BY SYNTHESISING THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE OBJECTS THEY REPRESENT; THE KINDS OF RELATIONSHIPS EXISTING BETWEEN CONCEPTS SHARING COMMON CHARACTERISTICS; INTENSION AND EXTENSION OF CONCEPTS; THE CATEGORISATION OF CONCEPTS AND SYSTEMS CONSTRUCTION BY COORDINATION; AND FINALLY PROCEDURES FOR DEFINING CONCEPTS SO AS TO PROMOTE UTILISATION OF NEW TERMS. ******************************************** Document 4353 THEORIES AND MODELS IN INFORMATION RETRIEVAL. TRANSLATION OF A PAPER PUBLISHED IN 2J. DOCUM1., 33 (2) JUNE 77 FOR AN ABSTRACT OF WHICH 2SEE1 78/533. ******************************************** Document 4354 REGISTERED INFORMATION' HOW TO RETRIEVE A DOCUMENT. AN ANALYSIS OF THE DOCUMENTATION SEARCH PROCESS, PARALLELLING THE PROFESSIONAL APPROACH TO THAT OF EVERYDAY LIFE. THE SUCCESSIVE STAGES INVOLVED ARE DISCUSSED IN SEQUENCE, FROM THE INITIAL ENQUIRY; THROUGH TECHNIQUES TO REDUCE THE SEARCH FIELD BY INCREASING PRECISION AND FOR MATCHING THE AVAILABLE DOCUMENTATION TO THE INITIAL ENQUIRY; TO THE FINAL TASK OF ACCESSING THE DOCUMENT SELECTED. A CHECK LIST SUMMARISING THE ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS FOR REGISTERING DOCUMENTS ON ACQUISITION TO FACILITATE SEARCHING IS APPENDED. ******************************************** Document 4355 BUCHANAN, LOCKE AND WITTGENSTEIN ON CLASSIFICATION. BUCHANAN'S ACCOUNT OF CLASSIFICATION (2THEORY OF LIBRARY CLASSIFICATION, 1BINGLEY, 1969) CLAIMS THAT (1) CLASS MEMBERS NECESSARILY SHARE SOMETHING IN COMMON AND (2) CLASSIFICATION IS A MENTAL ACTIVITY. TRACES BOTH CLAIMS TO LOCKE AND MAINTAINS THAT THEY ARE CONTENTIOUS. DISCUSSES WITTGENSTEIN'S ALTERNATIVE THEORY. ******************************************** Document 4356 A SPECIAL CLASSIFICATION FOR GENERAL LINGUISTICS. THE CLASSIFICATION DESCRIBED IS A SHORTENED VERSION OF A CLASSIFICATION USED FOR A CLASSIFIED CATALOGUE OF GENERAL LINGUISTICS AND ORIGINALLY DEVISED FOR THE SYSTEMATIC DOCUMENTATION OF ESSAYS AND DEPENDENT WORKS AT THE INSTITUTE OF GENERAL LINGUISTICS IN MUNSTER. SINCE THE ESSAYS ARE ON HIGHLY SPECIALISED SUBJECTS, A CLASSIFICATION OF GREAT DEPTH WAS NEEDED WHICH, BECAUSE OF COSTS AND ORGANISATIONAL PROBLEMS, HAD TO BE OPERABLE MANUALLY. MANUAL PROCEDURES ALSO REDUCE THE RISK OF FAULTY INDEXING. THE CLASSIFICATION IS STRICTLY HIERARCHIC SINCE IT MUST BE CAPABLE OF VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL EXPANSION WITHOUT RISK OF STRUCTURAL ALTERATION. WORK ON THE SCHEME BEGAN IN 1978; THE 21 MAIN CLASSES ARE LISTED WITH THEIR SUBORDINATE SECTIONS. ******************************************** Document 4357 A STUDY OF TITLES OF PERIODICAL ARTICLES IN LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE IN THE DECADES AFTER KWIC' 1960 AND 1970. REPORT OF A BRAZILIAN STUDY BASED ON WORK PREPARED FOR A POSTGRADUATE COURSE IN INFORMATION SCIENCE, DESIGNED TO SHOW WHETHER TITLES HAVE BECOME MORE INFORMATIVE IN RESPONSE TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF KWIC INDEXING PROCEDURES. 400 TITLES PUBLISHED IN 1956, 1966, AND 1976 IN 4 PROMINENT ENGLISH LANGUAGE INFORMATION SCIENCE JOURNALS WERE ANALYSED AND THE RESULTS COMPARED. A SIGNIFICANT INCREASE IN INFORMATION CONTENT OF TITLES WAS ESTABLISHED. ******************************************** Document 4358 A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION RETRIEVAL THESAURI AND NORMALISED SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL TERMINOLOGIES WITH THE AIM OF THEIR COORDINATED DEVELOPMENT. ANALYSES THE SPECIFICS AND RESULTS OF THE LEXICAL PROCESSING OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL TEXTS FOR THE COMPILATION OF THESAURI FOR INFORMATION RETRIEVAL ACTIVITIES AND FOR THE UNIFICATION OF TERMINOLOGY. IDENTIFIES METHODS FOR REPRESENTING THE MEANINGS OF TERMS IN THESAURI AND TERMINOLOGICAL SYSTEMS. PROPOSES PROCEDURES FOR THE CORRELATION OF THESAURI CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE WITH TERMINOLOGICAL WORK, AND THE SIMULTANEOUS SOLUTION OF THE PROBLEMS OF THE 2 DISCIPLINES. ******************************************** Document 4359 TERMINOLOGY OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES: THE TERM 'COGNITIVE PROCESSES' IN THE THESAURI OF TWO DISCIPLINE-BASED INFORMATION SYSTEMS. (PHD THESIS-CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY, OHIO). HIERARCHICAL CHARTS SHOWING THE ARRAYS UNDER THE TERM 'COGNITIVE PROCESSES' IN THE ERIC THESAURUS AND THESAURUS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL INDEX TERMS DEMONSTRATE THAT THE TERM APPEARS IN DIFFERENT HIERARCHIES IN THE 2 INDEXING LANGUAGES. 3 EXPLANATIONS ARE OFFERED, DISCUSSED, AND REJECTED. THESE RESULTS SUGGEST THE NEED FOR FURTHER SIMILAR STUDIES. ******************************************** Document 4360 USE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN THE U.S.A. REPORT OF AN OFFICIALLY SPONSORED STUDY TOUR OF 30 LIBRARIES IN 1979 AS PART OF A WIDER INVESTIGATION OF USER RELATIONS IN AMERICAN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES. AN OVERALL PICTURE IS PRESENTED OF THE ORGANISATION AND OPERATION OF SERVICES WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY SITUATION IN THE U.S.A., EMPHASISING THE CONTRASTS WITH FRANCE. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF HOW U.S. LIBRARIES OPERATE; THE MANAGEMENT OF AUTOMATED SERVICES IN RELATION TO THEIR FUNCTIONS, BOTH INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL; AND THE ACTUAL OPERATION OF SUCH SERVICES, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PERSONNEL, ORGANISATION AND USERS. THE COMMERCIAL ASPECT OF SUCH SERVICES IN THE U.S.A. IS EMPHASISED THROUGHOUT. ******************************************** Document 4361 AUTOMATED INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN AMERICAN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES. REPORT OF AN OFFICIALLY SPONSORED TOUR OF 30 LIBRARIES IN 1979 AS PART OF A WIDER INVESTIGATION OF USER RELATIONS IN AMERICAN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES. A PRECISE ACCOUNT OF THE ORGANISATION AND OPERATION OF AUTOMATED INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS, IN THE CONTEXT OF THE AMERICAN REFERENCE DEPARTMENT, IS PRESENTED, WITH DETAILS OF GENERAL EQUIPMENT AND PERSONNEL, THE ROLE OF THE SERVICE COORDINATOR, USER-LIBRARIAN INTERACTION, PERSONNEL TRAINING, AND PROMOTION AND MARKETING OF SERVICES. THROUGHOUT THE AMERICAN ACHIEVEMENT IN PROVIDING PERSONALISED SERVICES TO A MAXIMUM NUMBER OF USERS, AND MAINTAINING SPEED AND EFFICIENCY, IS EMPHASISED. ******************************************** Document 4362 WARNER-LAMBERT/PARKE-DAVIS-CAS REGISTRY III INTEGRATED INFORMATION SYSTEM. THE CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE (CAS) REGISTRY III RECORDS OF CHEMICAL STRUCTURE ARE USED TO AUGMENT THE WARNER-LAMBERT/PARKE-DAVIS (WL/PD) COMPUTER FILES OF CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL DATA. ENTRY OF DATA AT WL/PD IS PARALLELED BY ENTRY OF CHEMICAL STRUCTURES AND NAMES AT CAS, WHICH THEN SENDS THE COMPUTER-READABLE RECORDS TO WL/PD. WL/PD USES INQUIRE SOFTWARE WHICH PROVIDES INTERACTIVE OR BATCH MULTIFILE SEARCH CAPABILITIES AND ROUTINE REPORT GENERATION. BATCH PROCESSING IS USED FOR SUBSTRUCTURE SEARCHING AND HIGH-QUALITY PRINTING OF STRUCTURES AND NAMES. ******************************************** Document 4363 AN INTEGRATED CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL DATA RETRIEVAL SYSTEM FOR DRUG DEVELOPMENT. THE DIVISION OF EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS AT THE WALTER REED ARMY INSTITUTE OF RESEARCH (BETHESDA, MARYLAND), IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE DIVISION OF BIOMETRICS, HAS BEEN DEVELOPING A LARGE-SCALE INTEGRATED CHEMICAL/BIOLOGICAL DATA RETRIEVAL SYSTEM TO SUPPORT THE US ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT COMMAND'S DRUG DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES. THE SYSTEM, KNOWN AS THE CHEMICAL INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM, COMPRISES 4 SUBSYSTEMS' BIOLOGY, INVENTORY, CHEMISTRY, AND REPORT GENERATOR. DESCRIBES FILE ORGANISATION, RETRIEVAL CRITERIA, SEARCH PROCEDURES, SEARCH STRATEGIES, AND SEARCH APPLICATIONS OF EACH SUBSYSTEM. ******************************************** Document 4364 THE PRODBIB DATA BASE' RETRIEVAL OF PRODUCT INFORMATION FROM THE PUBLISHED LITERATURE. BURROUGHS WELLCOME CO. (RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NORTH CAROLINA) HAS DEVELOPED A COMPUTERISED DATA BASE, PRODBIB, TO STORE AND RETRIEVE BIBLIOGRAPHIC INFORMATION, SUBJECT INDEXING TERMS, AND DATA EXTRACTED FROM PUBLISHED PAPERS ABOUT THE COMPANY'S PRODUCTS, USING INFODATA SYSTEMS INC.'S INQUIRE SOFTWARE IN BATCH MODE. DESCRIBES FILE ORGANISATION; EXPLAINS INDEXING POLICY (ONLY INFORMATION RELEVANT TO THE COMPANY'S PRODUCT IS INDEXED, NOT THE WHOLE PUBLICATION); AND GIVES EXAMPLES OF TYPICAL SEARCHES. ******************************************** Document 4365 AN ALGORITHM FOR SUFFIX STRIPPING. THE AUTOMATIC REMOVAL OF SUFFIXES IS OF PARTICULAR INTEREST IN THE FIELD OF INFORMATION RETRIEVAL. AN ALGORITHM FOR SUFFIX STRIPPING IS DESCRIBED, WHICH HAS BEEN IMPLEMENTED AS A SHORT, FAST PROGRAM IN BCPL. IT EFFECTIVELY WORKS BY TREATING COMPLEX SUFFIXES AS COMPOUNDS MADE UP OF SIMPLE SUFFIXES, AND REMOVING THE SIMPLE SUFFIXES IN A NUMBER OF STEPS. IN EACH STEP THE REMOVAL OF THE SUFFIX IS MADE TO DEPEND UPON THE FORM OF THE REMAINING STEM, WHICH USUALLY INVOLVES A MEASURE OF ITS SYLLABLE LENGTH. ******************************************** Document 4366 AN INTEGRATED SYSTEM FOR CONDUCTING CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SEARCHES. DESCRIBES THE CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SEARCH CAPABILITIES OF THE ROHM AND HAAS AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS COMPUTERIZED INFORMATION SYSTEM (ACCIS). CHEMICAL SEARCHES ARE INTERACTIVE AND BIOLOGICAL SEARCHES ARE IN BATCH MODE (ALTHOUGH AN INTERACTIVE FACILITY IS PLANNED). ******************************************** Document 4367 LEARNING SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATIC STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF MASS SPECTRA. A COMPUTER-ASSISTED MASS SPECTRAL INTERPRETATION SYSTEM WITH A LEARNING MECHANISM IS DESCRIBED. THE SET OF CORRESPONDENCES BETWEEN SUBSTRUCTURE AND SPECTRAL COMPONENT (CSSC) IS USED FOR INTERPRETING MASS SPECTRA. CSSC IS GENERATED, RENEWED, AND IMPROVED AUTOMATICALLY IN THE SYSTEM. CHEMICAL STRUCTURES ARE REPRESENTED IN TERMS OF BLOCKS, WHICH FACILITATES THE LEARNING PROCESS. ******************************************** Document 4368 ONLINE SEARCHING' A PRIMER. A BASIC INTRODUCTION TO ALL FACETS OF ON-LINE SEARCHING. CHAPTERS 1-4 PROVIDE A VIEW OF THE ON-LINE INDUSTRY AND THE 3 TYPES OF ORGANISATIONS INVOLVED' ON-LINE VENDORS, DATA BASE PRODUCERS AND USER ORGANISATIONS. CHAPTER 5 EXPLAINS THE MECHANICS OF SEARCHING WHILE CHAPTERS 6-10 DEAL WITH EQUIPMENT, THE REFERENCE PROCESS, COSTS AND CHARGING POLICIES, ADMINISTRATIVE ASPECTS AND TRAINING. CHAPTER 11 LOOKS AT NON-BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA BASES AND CHAPTER 12 DISCUSSES FUTURE PROSPECTS. ******************************************** Document 4369 THE SYNERGISM OF USER NEEDS, SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS AND TECHNOLOGICAL LIMITATIONS. USER PERCEPTION OF DATA IMPORTANCE AND THE ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF HARDWARE AND STORAGE DEVICES WILL DETERMINE THE FUTURE DIRECTION OF ON-LINE SYSTEMS. A RETRIEVAL SYSTEM'S FUNCTIONS ARE ULTIMATELY DICTATED BY DATA BASE DESIGN. EARLY ON-LINE SYSTEMS WERE DESIGNED FOR BIBLIOGRAPHIC INFORMATION LIMITED TO CITATIONS ONLY USING SEQUENTIAL FILES. NOW FULL TEXT INFORMATION, NUMERIC INFORMATION, AND MANIPULATIVE SYSTEMS ARE BEING PERCEIVED BY A CLASS OF USERS NOT INTERESTED IN SPECIALISED VOCABULARY SKILLS. THESE USERS ARE PLACING DEMANDS THAT WILL REQUIRE SOPHISTICATED INTERNAL TECHNOLOGY, IMPROVED AND EXPANDED STORAGE CAPABILITY, MORE SOPHISTICATED FILE STRUCTURE, AND TRANSPARENT DATA MANIPULATIVE DEVICES. THE ECONOMIC POTENTIAL OF THESE DEMANDS WILL BRING ABOUT THE DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW GENERATION OF MULTITIERED DATA BASES THAT ALLOW USERS AT ALL SKILL LEVELS TO APPROACH THEM. THE POINT IS THAT, AS THE USER'S NEED FOR TYPES OF DATA TO BE RETRIEVED CHANGES, SO MUST THE DATA BASE TECHNOLOGY CHANGE. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 4370 TRANSLATING AND ONLINE. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE ASLIB TECHNICAL TRANSLATION GROUP CONFERENCE, LONDON, 20 NOV 80. INFORMATION CAN BE RETRIEVED BY DIRECT INTERROGATION BY A REMOTE COMPUTER BY MEANS OF A KEYBOARD TERMINAL AND A TELEPHONE. THE ADVANTAGES OF SUCH AN ON-LINE SYSTEM ARE FAST ACCESS TO LARGE QUANTITIES OF DATA AND THE OPPORTUNITY TO REFINE THE ENQUIRY BY CONVERSING WITH THE COMPUTER. AT PRESENT, DATA BASES CAN BE USED TO DETERMINE IF A TRANSLATION OF A DOCUMENT, OR AN ALTERNATIVE, ALREADY EXISTS. THEY CAN ASSIST WITH TRANSLATING PARTICULAR WORDS OR PHRASES, ESPECIALLY IN NEW SUBJECT AREAS. IN THE FUTURE, ON-LINE SYSTEMS MAY BE EXPLOITED TO PRODUCE MORE SOPHISTICATED AIDS, REFLECTING THE STRUCTURE OF LANGUAGE. ******************************************** Document 4371 ONLINE GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS DATA BASE SEARCHING AND THE USE OF MICROFICHE DOCUMENTS ONLINE BY ACADEMIC AND PUBLIC DEPOSITORY LIBRARIANS. REPORTS FINDINGS RELATED TO ACADEMIC AND PUBLIC DEPOSITORY LIBRARIANS' USE OF ON-LINE DATA BASE SEARCHING AND MICROFICHE GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS ON-LINE. OVERALL, THE DATA SUGGEST THAT DEPOSITORY LIBRARIANS ARE INVOLVED IN LITTLE ON-LINE DATA BASE SEARCHING OF GOVERNMENT DOCUMENT DATA BASES, HAVE LIMITED ACCESS TO ON-LINE TERMINALS, HAVE RECEIVED LITTLE TRAINING IN THE USE OF DATA BASES, AND ACQUIRE VIRTUALLY NO MICROFORMATTED GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS ON-LINE. THESE AND OTHER FINDINGS ARE DISCUSSED, FACTORS THAT ENCOURAGE AND LIMIT THE USE OF ON-LINE SERVICES IN A DEPOSITORY LIBRARY ARE PRESENTED, AND RECOMMENDATIONS ARE MADE TO INCREASE DEPOSITORY LIBRARIANS' USE OF GOVERNMENT DOCUMENT DATA BASES AND ACCESS TO MICROFICHE GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS ON-LINE. ******************************************** Document 4372 CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL DATA-AN INTEGRATED ON-LINE APPROACH. THE ICI PHARMACEUTICALS DIVISION HAS REPLACED ITS SEPARATE CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL DATA BASES WITH AN INTEGRATED ON-LINE SYSTEM FOR CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL DATA REGISTRATION AND RETRIEVAL AND BIOLOGICAL CONTROL. THE DATA BASE AT PRESENT HOLDS 190,000 CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS FROM 5 ICI DIVISIONS, DATA ON 267 BIOLOGICAL TESTS, AND OVER 1 MILLION BIOLOGICAL TEST RESULTS FROM THE PHARMACEUTICALS DIVISION. A BURROUGHS 6700 COMPUTER IS USED, LINKED TO 3 TERMINAL COMPUTERS AND 8 VISUAL DISPLAY UNITS. DATA INPUT AND RETRIEVAL IS DESCRIBED WITH EXAMPLES. ******************************************** Document 4373 CHEMLINE' A CHEMICAL STRUCTURE SEARCH KEY TO BIOLOGICAL INFORMATION. THE US NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE'S ON-LINE CHEMICAL DICTIONARY FILE (CHEMLINE) IS PRIMARILY USED TO ENHANCE THE RETRIEVAL OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC INFORMATION ASSOCIATED WITH CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES. DEMONSTRATES THE USE OF CHEMLINE AS A MECHANISM TO LINK CHEMICAL STRUCTURES TO BIOLOGICAL DATA. SEARCH TECHNIQUES ARE DEVELOPED TO INTEGRATE CLASSES OF STRUCTURALLY-RELATED CHEMICAL WITH TOXICITY DATA AND INFORMATION CONTAINED IN ON-LINE RETRIEVAL FILES SUCH AS THE REGISTRY OF TOXIC EFFECTS OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES (RTECS) AND TOXLINE. ******************************************** Document 4374 FEES FOR ONLINE BIBLIOGRAPHIC SEARCH SERVICES IN PUBLICLY-SUPPORTED LIBRARIES. ON-LINE BIBLIOGRAPHIC SEARCHING IS AN IMPORTANT RECENT INNOVATION IN LIBRARY SERVICES. THE CHOICES THAT LIBRARIES HAVE MADE IN ADOPTING THIS SERVICE HAVE IMPORTANT IMPLICATIONS FOR FUTURE LIBRARY SERVICES. THEIR DECISIONS ABOUT WHETHER, WHEN, AND HOW TO CHARGE THE USER REVEAL THEIR JUDGEMENTS ABOUT THE APPROPRIATE ROLE OF USER FEES. THE WAYS IN WHICH LIBRARIES HAVE INTEGRATED ON-LINE SEARCHING INTO MORE TRADITIONAL LIBRARY SERVICES HAVE IMPLICATIONS FOR FUTURE TECHNOLOGY-BASED INNOVATIONS. A CALIFORNIA LIBRARY ASSOCIATION SURVEY OF PUBLICLY-SUPPORTED LIBRARIES FOUND A LARGE NUMBER OFFERING SEARCHES, NEARLY HALF AT NO CHARGE TO THE USERS; AND THAT USER FEES DIFFERED ACCORDING TO WHERE THE SEARCH WAS PERFORMED AND WHETHER THE USER OR THE LIBRARIAN WAS SEEN AS ITS PRIMARY BENEFICIARY. PUBLIC AND ACADEMIC LIBRARIES APPEARED TO HAVE 2 DIFFERENT SERVICE PATTERNS. ******************************************** Document 4375 USA FORECASTS. PRESENTS THE FINDINGS OF 2 INTERNATIONAL RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT, INC. REPORTS ON VIDEOTEX. THEY PREDICT THAT HOME INFORMATION VIDEOTEX SERVICES WILL BE WIDELY AVAILABLE IN THE USA IN THE NEXT FEW YEARS, WITH BOTH CABLE TELEVISION AND TELEPHONE COMPANIES INVOLVED; TELETEXT FACILITIES WILL BE PART OF ALL COLOUR TELEVISION SETS IN PRODUCTION BY 1985; AND A RACE WILL DEVELOP BETWEEN CABLE TELEVISION AND TELEPHONE COMPANIES TO INTRODUCE VIDEOTEX SERVICES. DRIVING AND CONSTRAINING FORCES ARE IDENTIFIED. ******************************************** Document 4376 VIEWDATA...THREE YEARS LATER. THE 3 YEARS WHICH HAVE ELAPSED SINCE THE FIRST UK TEST TRIAL OF PRESTEL HAVE NOT SEEN AS FAST A GROWTH IN USAGE AS WAS ESTIMATED. UK EXPERIENCE WITH PRESTEL IS REVIEWED IN LIGHT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPETING SYSTEMS BY CANADA, FRANCE AND JAPAN. THE IMPLICATIONS FOR VIEWDATA SYSTEMS FOR AUSTRALIA ARE STUDIED. ******************************************** Document 4377 MONTREAL KEYWORD SYSTEM. THE MONTREAL KEYWORD SYSTEM, A SET OF PROGRAMMES DEVELOPED BY THE UNIVERSITY OF MONTREAL IN COOPERATION WITH THE BRITISH COLUMBIA TELEPHONE CO. IS DESCRIBED. THE SYSTEM IS REPORTED TO ADD KEYWORD ACCESS CAPABILITY TO A PAGE-ORIENTED TELIDON DATA BASE, WHILE BEING COMPLETELY INDEPENDENT OF THE UNDERLYING DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM. ******************************************** Document 4378 ELECTRONIC NEWSPAPER DEBUTS IN CANADA. AN ELECTRONIC EDITION OF LA PRESSE IS BEING OFFERED BY THE VIDEOTRON GROUP USING THE TELIDON SYSTEM. NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL NEWS WILL BE OFFERED 24 HOURS A DAY TO 551,000 CABLE TELEVISION SUBSCRIBERS IN MONTREAL. ABOUT 50 SEQUENTIAL SCREENS ARE REPEATED, EACH CYCLE TAKING ABOUT 20 MINUTES. ******************************************** Document 4379 KRANTEL-A JOINT VENTURE BY DUTCH NEWSPAPERS. THE PROGRESS BEING MADE IN THE NETHERLANDS TO MAKE NEWSPAPERS AVAILABLE THROUGH THE VIDITEL VIEWDATA SERVICE OF THE DUTCH POST OFFICE IS REPORTED. KRANTEL IS A PROJECT DESIGNED TO HELP NEWSPAPERS TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THE OPPORTUNITIES OFFERED BY VIEWDATA. ALTHOUGH 10 NEWSPAPERS HAVE EXPERIMENTED WITH THEIR OWN VIEWDATA SYSTEMS, COMMERCIAL ACTIVITY IS LOW, AND SOME REASONS FOR THIS ARE SUGGESTED. ******************************************** Document 4380 THE VIEWTEL 202 EXPERIENCE IN PRESTEL. THE EXPERIENCE GAINED BY THE BIRMINGHAM POST AND MAIL LTD IN SUPPLYING INFORMATION FOR A VIDEOTEX SYSTEM IS REPORTED. VIEWTEL 202 WAS LAUNCHED IN OCT 78 AS AN ELECTRONIC NEWSPAPER CARRYING ONLY NEWS AND ADVERTISEMENTS ON 4,000 PAGES. 400,000 ACCESSES PER MONTH MAKES IT THE MOST SUCCESSFUL ORGANISATION INVOLVED IN PRESTEL. THE INCORPORATION OF INFORMATION FROM NORWAY (BERGENS TIDENDE) IS BRIEFLY MENTIONED. THE LESSONS WHICH HAVE BEEN LEARNT THROUGH COMMERCIAL INVOLVEMENT WITH VIDEOTEX ARE SUMMARISED. ******************************************** Document 4381 THE BRITISH DAILYPRESS AND PRESTEL. THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PRESTEL SERVICE BY BRITISH TELECOM IS EXPLAINED AND FUTURE PROSPECTS ARE BRIEFLY EXAMINED. THE EXPERIENCES OF THE 1ST 3 NEWSPAPERS, THE BIRMINGHAM POST AND MAIL, FINANCIAL TIMES, AND EASTERN COUNTIES NEWSPAPERS, THAT PARTICIPATED IN PRESTEL ARE OUTLINED BY REFERENCE TO VIEWTEL, FINTEL, AND EASTEL, THE RESPECTIVE ORGANISATIONS FORMED. IN EACH CASE, LAUNCH AND PRESENT OPERATION ARE DESCRIBED, AND OPERATING COSTS CONSIDERED. FACTORS LEADING TO THE SUCCESS OR FAILURE OF EACH SCHEME ARE IDENTIFIED. ******************************************** Document 4382 THE PRESTEL BUSINESS. BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO PRESTEL IS FOLLOWED BY CHAPTERS COVERING THE WAY IN WHICH PRESTEL WORKS, THE POST OFFICE, TV MANUFACTURERS, INFORMATION PROVIDERS, INFORMATION USERS, RATE OF AUDIENCE GROWTH, COSTS, LOCATING INFORMATION, PRESTEL'S PLACE IN THE MEDIA SCENE AND PICTURE PRESTEL. ******************************************** Document 4383 THE DESIGN OF VIDEOTEX TREE INDEXES. 4 REPORTS ARE PRESENTED: 'THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A TREE-STRUCTURED INDEX WHEN THE EXISTENCE OF INFORMATION IS UNCERTAIN', BY THOMAS WHALEN AND SUSANE LATREMOUILLE; 'THE USE OF TREE-STRUCTURED INDEX WHICH CONTAINS 3 TYPES OF DESIGN DEFECTS', BY THOMAS WHALEN AND CANDY MASON; 'AN INVESTIGATION OF USER SEARCH PERFORMANCE ON A TELIDON INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM', BY SCOTT A. MCEWEN; 'THE DESIGN OF VIDEOTEX TREE INDEXES: THE USE OF DESCRIPTORS AND THE ENHANCEMENT OF SINGLE INDEX PAGES', BY SUSANE LATREMOUILLE AND ERIC LEE. ******************************************** Document 4384 A STUDY OF THE HUMAN RESPONSE TO PICTORIAL REPRESENTATIONS ON TELIDON. REVIEWS CURRENT RESEARCH IN THE AREAS OF HUMAN COGNITION AND PERCEPTION ON HOW PEOPLE UNDERSTAND AND USE VISUAL IMAGES. EXAMINES THE IMPLICATIONS OF THIS WORK FOR THE ROLE OF PICTURES AND GRAPHICS ON TELIDON. ******************************************** Document 4385 THE USE OF PRESTEL IN LIBRARIES ON BUDGET DAY. DESCRIBES A STUDY CARRIED OUT ON BUDGET DAY, 10 MAR 81. THE BEHAVIOUR OF USER GROUPS AND THE PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED IN ACCESSING VIEWDATA WERE OBSERVED IN 4 DIFFERENT UK LIBRARIES-A UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, A CENTRAL LIBRARY AND 2 BRANCH LIBRARIES. ATTITUDES OF LIBRARY STAFF TO THE SERVICE WERE COLLECTED AND THE BUDGET NEWS PRESENTED BY VARIOUS PRESTEL INFORMATION PROVIDERS (IPS) WAS ANALYSED. FINDINGS ARE DISCUSSED, FOCUSING ON THE CHANGES VIEWDATA HAS INITIATED IN LIBRARY ORGANISATION AND IN THE WORKING PRACTICES OF LIBRARIANS THE PATTERNS OF USER BEHAVIOUR AND THE PARTICULAR WAYS IN WHICH NEWS IS STRUCTURED BY DIFFERENT IPS. CONSIDERS THE ROLE OF LIBRARIES IN PROMOTING VIEWDATA AND DISCUSSES VARIATIONS IN METHODS OF PRESENTATION BY 6 IPS. ******************************************** Document 4386 PIRA SEMINAR S13. AN INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE PUBLISHING. THE TEXT OF TALKS BY M.Y. GATES ON THE BASICS OF DATA BASE PUBLISHING, AND BY D.H. BARLOW ON IDENTIFYING DATA BASES AND ON FINANCIAL AND MARKETING STRATEGIES FOR DATA BASE PUBLISHING IS GIVEN. A PRESENTATION BY D.H. BARLOW AND P. BARWISE AT A NFAIS CONFERENCE ON MODELLING TECHNIQUES AS AN AID IN MARKETING DECISIONS IS ALSO INCLUDED. A LEAFLET ON LANGTON ELECTRONIC PUBLISHING SYSTEMS IS ENCLOSED. ******************************************** Document 4387 BATTLE LINES SHAPING UP IN COMING WAR BETWEEN PAPER, ELECTRONIC MEDIA. VARIOUS ASPECTS OF THE INCREASING COMPETITION BETWEEN PRINTING AND WRITING PAPER PRODUCERS AND THE ELECTRONIC MEDIA ARE CONSIDERED. THE POSITION OF NEWSPRINT IS ASSESSED, AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF BOOK-SIZE SCREENS IS DISCUSSED. PLANS OF AMERICAN TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH TO INTRODUCE VARIOUS VIDEOTEX SYSTEMS TO US HOMES ARE OUTLINED, AND OBSTACLES ENCOUNTERED ARE EXPLAINED. LIKELY IMPLICATIONS OF VIDEO DISC CATALOGUES AND BANK DATA BASES FOR PAPER PRODUCERS ARE EXAMINED. IT IS NOTED THAT BILLING AND PAYMENT WILL BE LESS SUSCEPTIBLE TO CONVERSION TO THE ELECTRONIC FORM. ******************************************** Document 4388 WHICH WAY? INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SERVICES FOR AUSTRALIA. EXAMINES EXISTING ON-LINE INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SERVICES IN AUSTRALIA, AND PREDICTS SOME FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS. DISCUSSES THE CURRENT USE OF BOTH NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATION NETWORKS, AND CONSIDERS FACTORS WHICH AFFECT THE RATE OF GROWTH OF USE OF THESE NETWORKS. DISCUSSES SEVERAL ISSUES RAISED BY THE OPERATION AND UTILISATION OF ON-LINE SERVICES BY AUSTRALIAN PRODUCERS, VENDORS, AND CUSTOMERS UNDER THE HEADINGS OF' TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE; INFORMATION POLICIES; SOURCES; AND RELATIONSHIP TO TRADITIONAL LIBRARY SERVICES. ******************************************** Document 4389 HAMPSHIRE SOCIAL SERVICES DEPARTMENT ON-LINE INFORMATION SYSTEM. DESCRIBES THE BACKGROUND TO THE SETTING UP OF THE ORIGINAL BATCH SYSTEM IN 1974 AND REVIEWS PROGRESS IN DEVELOPING AN ON-LINE VERSION. THIS NOT ONLY IMPROVES LEVELS OF ACCURACY IN CLIENT RECORDS BUT HAS ALSO ALLOWED THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW FIELDS AND FACILITIES SUCH AS VACANCY SEARCHING. IT IS PLANNED TO INSTALL VISUAL DISPLAY UNITS IN AREA OFFICES IN 1982. ******************************************** Document 4390 THE NIH/EPA CHEMICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM. FOR AN ABSTRACT OF THIS PAPER 2SEE 181/1693. ******************************************** Document 4391 CLUSTERING IN FREE-TEXT DATA BASES. DEFINES CLUSTERS AS SETS OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS RELATED BY SIMILAR CHEMICAL STRUCTURE AND ACTIVITY AND APPLIES HEURISTIC CLUSTERING METHODS FOR TEXT DATA TO A DATA BASE DESCRIBING CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS WITH MEDICAL USES. CONCLUDES THAT CONSIDERATION OF MULTIPLE MEDICAL USE CLUSTERING ASSURES COMPREHENSIVENESS AND SUPPLEMENTS ANY WEAKNESS OF PURELY HEURISTIC SEARCHING. THE EXISTENCE OF THE AFOREMENTIONED CHEMICAL SIMILARITIES PERMITS THE EXPLORATION OF NEW OR PREVIOUSLY UNREPORTED USES OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS BY COMPUTER MANIPULATION OF DATA. ******************************************** Document 4392 THE WRITTEN PRESS IN 1981. A PAPER PREPARED FOR THE 1981 ASSOCIATION DES BIBLIOTHECAIRES FRANCAIS (ABF) CONFERENCE DISCUSSING FUTURE PROSPECTS FOR THE PRESS IN RELATION TO THE CHALLENGE OF OTHER MEDIA. SURVEYS THE HISTORY OF THE PRESS IN GENERAL SINCE THE INVENTION OF PRINTING, AND SHOWS THAT TODAY THE PUBLIC PREFERS PRESS REPORTAGE OF IMPORTANT EVENTS TO RADIO AND TELEVISION COVERAGE. SINCE THE WAR, TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS HAVE INCREASED THE EFFICIENCY OF THE PRESS AS WELL AS PROMOTING RIVAL MEDIA. DESPITE SOCIAL CHANGES AND IMPROVED LIVING STANDARDS, RADIO AND TELEVISION HAVE NOT REPLACED THE PRESS, BUT RATHER SUPPLEMENT IT. THE EFFECTS OF LOCAL RADIO AND NATIONAL INFORMATION NETWORKS REMAIN TO BE SEEN, BUT UNLIKE RADIO AND TELEVISION, THE PRESS IS NOT STATE CONTROLLED. THE PUBLIC HAS ALWAYS LOOKED TO THE PRESS FOR COMMENT AND NEWS IN EVENTFUL TIMES, AND WILL PROBABLY CONTINUE TO DO SO. ******************************************** Document 4393 NEW AND UNUSUAL DEVICES. DESCRIBES METHODS USED TO SOLVE THE COMMUNICATION PROBLEMS OF VARIOUSLY HANDICAPPED PEOPLE. NOTES CURRENT AS WELL AS FUTURISTIC DEVICES AND SUGGESTS THAT TECHNOLOGY PROMISES AN IMPROVING STANDARD OF COMMUNICATION FOR THE DISABLED OF WHICH LIBRARIANS SHOULD BE AWARE. BRAILLE, SPEECH OUTPUT EQUIPMENT, COMPUTERS, TIME-COMPRESSED SPEECH, RADIO, LOW VISION EQUIPMENT, FACSIMILE RECEIVERS AND TELEVISION ARE MENTIONED. ******************************************** Document 4394 OFF-AIR COPYING UPDATE' GUIDELINES, ADVICE TO EDUCATORS. REPRODUCES THE GUIDELINES FOR OFF-AIR RECORDING OF BROADCAST PROGRAMMING FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES DRAWN UP BY A NEGOTIATING COMMITTEE OF 19 US EDUCATIONAL USERS AND COPYRIGHT PROPRIETORS. OUTLINES THE BACKGROUND TO THE DRAWING UP OF THESE GUIDELINES, AND DISCUSSES SOME OF THEIR IMPLICATIONS. ******************************************** Document 4395 DISTRIBUTED DATA PROCESSING. JULY, 1979-MAY, 1980 (CITATIONS FROM THE ENGINEERING INDEX DATA BASE). THE BIBLIOGRAPHY OF WORLDWIDE JOURNAL LITERATURE CITES STUDIES ON THE CONCEPTS, DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT, IMPLEMENTATION, AND APPLICATION OF DISTRIBUTED DATA PROCESSING. ALSO INCLUDED ARE STUDIES ON DISTRIBUTED DATA BASES. ******************************************** Document 4396 DISTRIBUTED DATA PROCESSING. JUNE, 1980-OCTOBER, 1981 (CITATIONS FROM THE ENGINEERING INDEX DATA BASE). 2SEE1 PREVIOUS ABSTRACT. ******************************************** Document 4397 INTERNETWORKING IN PACKET SWITCHED COMMUNICATIONS' FIRST REPORT ON THE ROYAL SIGNALS AND RADAR ESTABLISHMENT-ARPA COLLABORATIVE PROGRAM. THE RELIABLE CONNECTION OF A PILOT PACKET SWITCHED NETWORK TO THE ARPA CATANET SYSTEM IS DESCRIBED. HOW THIS INTERCONNECTION WAS ACHIEVED, INCLUDING THE NETWORK CONFIGURATIONS INVOLVED, THE HOST AND NETWORK PROTOCOLS USED, AND THE PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENTS OBTAINED ARE GIVEN. ******************************************** Document 4398 DATA COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS' DATA LINK CONTROLS. THE RANGE OF PROTOCOLS USED FOR DATA COMMUNICATION IS REVIEWED WITH BRIEF NOTES ON THE TYPES IN USE. ******************************************** Document 4399 LIBRARY NETWORKS IN THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY. DESCRIBES COOPERATIVE AND NETWORK ACTIVITIES IN WEST GERMANY. AN ATTEMPT IS MADE TO DEFINE THE REQUIREMENTS OF NETWORK DATA BASES. THE FOLLOWING TOPICS ARE DISCUSSED' DATA BASE STRUCTURE, HIERARCHICAL RELATIONSHIPS, AUTHORITY FILES, LOCAL FILES, LOCAL DATA, ACCESS POINTS, AND DATA MANIPULATION CONTROL. THESE REQUIREMENTS ARE COMPARED WITH THE CAPABILITIES OF DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE AVAILABLE OR IMPLEMENTED IN WEST GERMANY, ESPECIALLY WITH THE SYSTEMS IBAS, BVS, HEBIS-MON. ******************************************** Document 4400 CLUSTERS AND LOCAL AREA NETWORKS. CLUSTER SYSTEMS, WHEREBY WORD PROCESSORS ARE LINKED TO SHARE CENTRAL RESOURCES (PRINTERS, STORAGE FACILITIES, OCR READERS) ARE DESCRIBED ALONG WITH LOCAL AREA NETWORKS WHICH PERFORM THE LINKING AGENTS. THE MOST COMMON LOCAL AREA NETWORK CONFIGURATIONS ARE DESCRIBED. ******************************************** Document 4401 IMPLEMENTING A MICROGRAPHICS RECORDS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM. DESCRIBES THE PAPERWORK STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL PROBLEMS FACED BY CMS COMPANIES IN THE PAST; RESEARCH UNDERTAKEN TO SOLVE THE PROBLEMS AND DECISION TAKEN TO IMPLEMENT A MICROFICHE JACKET SYSTEM. THE RESULT HAS BEEN A MASSIVE PAPERWORK REDUCTION AND IMPROVED RECORDS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM. ******************************************** Document 4402 MICROGRAPHS IN THE HOUSTON SCHOOL SYSTEM. DESCRIBES THE APPLICATION OF MICROFILM TO SCHOOLS RECORDS MANAGEMENT AT THE HOUSTON INDEPENDENT SCHOOL DISTRICT. ******************************************** Document 4403 MICROFICHE' AN ANSWER TO A MEDICAL RECORDS PAPER PROBLEM. MCDONALD HEALTH CENTER, BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY BEGAN INVESTIGATING THE POSSIBILITY OF USING MICROFICHE TO SOLVE THE PROBLEMS OF PAPER COPY MEDICAL RECORDS IN 1977. THE 3 BASIC STEPS IN THE PROCESS; CREATION OF THE MICROFICHE RECORD, RECORD RETRIEVAL PROCESS AND ARCHIVING OF RECORDS ARE DESCRIBED TOGETHER WITH A FULL COST COMPARISON BETWEEN PAPER HARD COPY AND MICROFICHE BASED ON THE 1977 STUDY. ******************************************** Document 4404 LIFEBOAT FOR THE TITANIC PATTERNS OF IDENTITY IN COMMONWEALTH LITERATURE. DISCUSSES THE DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONALISM IN NEWLY INDEPENDENT COUNTRIES, PARTICULARLY IN THE COMMONWEALTH, AND THE EVOLVING OF NATIONAL LITERATURES. CONCENTRATES ON THE CANADIAN EXPERIENCE AND A BRITISH BROADCASTING CORPORATION INTERVIEW WITH TRINIDADIAN V.S. NAIPAUL. ******************************************** Document 4405 THE MACHINE AIDED TRANSLATOR. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE 54TH ASLIB ANNUAL CONFERENCE, OXFORD UNIVERSITY, UK, 22-25 SEPT 81. MODERN AIDS TO TRANSLATION SUCH AS WORD PROCESSORS, TELECOPIERS, DICTATION EQUIPMENT AND OPTICAL CHARACTER READERS ARE EXAMINED. THE TRANSLATION PROCESS IS BROKEN DOWN WITH EXAMPLES, TO ESTABLISH WHICH COMPONENTS CAN BENEFIT FROM EQUIPMENT AVAILABLE AT MODERATE COST. PRODUCTION TIME FOR SUPPORTED AND SOLITARY TRANSLATORS IS COMPARED TO ESTABLISH POSSIBLE TIME SAVING AREAS. MANUAL TASKS UNDERTAKEN BY TRANSLATOR OR SECRETARY GAIN MOST FROM MECHANISATION BUT INFORMATION SEARCH IS ALSO AN IMPORTANT AREA FOR SAVINGS. ******************************************** Document 4406 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR IN WARSAW. REPORTS ON THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON 'THE BOOK AND LIBRARY IN THE SOCIETY' HELD 15-21 JUNE 80 BY THE BIBLIOTEKA NARODOWA, INSTYTUT KSIAZKI I CZYTELNICTWA (INSTITUTE OF THE BOOK AND READING OF THE NATIONAL LIBRARY) IN WARSAW UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE IFLA SECTION ON LIBRARY THEORY AND RESEARCH. OVER 30 PARTICIPANTS FROM WESTERN AND EASTERN EUROPE AND THE USA GATHERED TO DISCUSS THE THEORY AND METHODOLOGY OF READING RESEARCH RECOGNISED TODAY AS 1 OF THE MAIN AREAS OF LIBRARY RESEARCH. CONTRIBUTIONS COMPRISED A WIDE VARIETY OF ASPECTS INCLUDING CHILDREN'S AND YOUNG ADULTS' READING, READING NEEDS OF SPECIALISTS, THE ROLE OF LIBRARIES IN THE STUDY OF THE TEACHING OF READING AND EXPERIENCES FROM INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES. ******************************************** Document 4407 CURRENT NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY IN THE EUROPEAN COMECON COUNTRIES. OUTLINES THE GENERAL DEVELOPMENT AND PROBLEMS CONNECTED WITH THE CURRENT NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. PROCEEDS WITH A SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE HISTORY AND FUNCTION OF THE NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHIES OF THE COMECON COUNTRIES. NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHIES ARE FINANCED BY THE GOVERNMENT AND COMPILED BY BIBLIOGRAPHICAL CENTRES ATTACHED TO NATIONAL LIBRARIES. THE DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN THE 1960S INCREASED THE COORDINATING FUNCTION OF THE CENTRES. CURRENT NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHIES OF MONOGRAPH PUBLICATIONS ARE SUPPLEMENTED BY BIBLIOGRAPHIES OF PERIODICALS AND SPECIAL BIBLIOGRAPHIES BY SUBJECT, FORM, PUBLISHER ETC. ENDS WITH THE STATE OF THE ART IN COORDINATION AND COOPERATION AMONG THE COMECON COUNTRIES. ******************************************** Document 4408 GENERAL AND SPECIAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. BIBLIOGRAPHIC CATALOGUES COLLECT, DESCRIBE AND ARRANGE A COMPLEXITY OF DATA FOR COMMUNICATION TO SCHOLARS BY PRECISE CRITERIA, THUS CONSTITUTING THE THEORY AND METHODOLOGY OF BIBLIOGRAPHY AS A DISCIPLINE. AUTOMATION HAS BROUGHT MORE COMPLEX PROBLEMS TO GENERAL NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHIES IN ITALY, CONSEQUENT UPON INSUFFICIENT CENTRAL CONTROL AND DIFFICULTIES IN COLLECTING AND DISSEMINATING INFORMATION. GENERAL AND SPECIAL BIBLIOGRAPHIES ARE COMPLEMENTARY TO THE HISTORY OF BOOKS AND LIBRARIES AND LIBRARY ECONOMY. ******************************************** Document 4409 SOME THOUGHTS ON NATIONAL RETROSPECTIVE BIBLIOGRAPHIES. AN EDITED VERSION OF A PAPER PRESENTED AT THE 1981 IFLA CONFERENCE IN LEIPZIG DISCUSSING THE PROBLEMS OF RETROSPECTIVE BIBLIOGRAPHIES AND THE AUTHOR'S OWN APPROACH, IN RELATION TO THE IFLA RETROSPECTIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY PROGRAMMES. EXAMINES WHAT CONSTITUTES A RETROSPECTIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY, AND THEN CONSIDERS THE PARTICULAR PROBLEMS RELATING TO THOSE NOT LINKED TO CURRENT NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHIES, BOTH IN COUNTRIES WITH A LONG PUBLISHING TRADITION AND IN THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES; THE PRODUCTION OF RETROSPECTIVE BIBLIOGRAPHIES SIMULTANEOUSLY WITH CURRENT BIBLIOGRAPHIES IS THEN DISCUSSED; DESCRIBES TECHNIQUES AND RESOURCES FOR CONSTRUCTING BOTH KINDS OF BIBLIOGRAPHIES, AND PROBLEMS OF ORGANISATION. ******************************************** Document 4410 PARKS CANADA MANUSCRIPT REPORT SERIES (WITH INDEX). THE MANUSCRIPT REPORT SERIES IS A COLLECTION OF SOME 350 TITLES ON A VARIETY OF CANADIAN HISTORICAL SUBJECTS, PREPARED BY HISTORIANS, ARCHAEOLOGISTS AND CONTRACT RESEARCHERS WORKING FOR THE 5 REGIONAL OFFICES OF PARKS CANADA, AND FOR THE RESEARCH DIVISION OF ITS OTTAWA-BASED NATIONAL HISTORIC PARKS AND SITES BRANCH. MOST OF THE REPORTS ARE UNPUBLISHED. THE AUTHOR HAS PREPARED A SUBJECT INDEX TO THE COLLECTION AND PRESENTS A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO THEIR ROLE AND HISTORICAL VALUE. THE INDEX IS REPRINTED HERE. ******************************************** Document 4411 THOMAS BENNET AND THE ORIGINS OF ANALYTICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. PAPER PRESENTED AT LIBRARY HISTORY SEMINAR VI 'LIBRARIES & CULTURE', AUSTIN, TEXAS, 19-22 MAR 80. A RECENT WORK ASSERTS THAT A STUDY BY AN 18TH CENTURY SCHOLAR, THOMAS BENNET, RANKS WELL WITH CURRENT BIBLIOGRAPHICAL STUDIES. THE WORK, ON THE THIRTY-NINE ARTICLES OF RELIGION, WAS PUBLISHED IN 1715, AND CONSISTED OF 18 COPIES OF THE ARTICLES, 5 IN LATIN AND 13 IN ENGLISH. BENNET REPRODUCED EXACTLY THE TEXT OF ONE MASTER COPY IN EACH LANGUAGE, AND THEN RECORDED, IN FOOTNOTES ON THE SAME PAGE, EVERY VARIATION TO BE FOUND IN EVERY OTHER COPY. DETAILS OF EVIDENCE WERE THEN ANALYSED, AND CONCLUSIONS DRAWN. A BRIEF BIOGRAPHY OF BENNET, AND FURTHER DETAILS OF HIS WORK ARE GIVEN. ******************************************** Document 4412 A STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE PURCHASE AND READING OF BOOKS. STATISTICS ON THE PUBLICATION AND SALE OF BOOKS IN HUNGARY REVEAL A LARGE INCREASE IN THE AMOUNT OF MATERIAL PUBLISHED SINCE 1970, MOSTLY PRODUCED BY THE 19 OFFICIAL PUBLISHERS. BOOK PRICES ARE RELATIVELY LOW; ON AVERAGE EACH INDIVIDUAL BUYS 10 BOOKS PER YEAR. LIBRARY PURCHASES HAVE DOUBLED DURING THE LAST 10 YEARS, OWING TO IMPROVEMENTS IN SCHOOLING AND THE QUICK RISE OF THE GENERAL CULTURAL LEVEL. IN THE LAST 14 YEARS THE NUMBER OF FAMILIES OWNING BOOKS HAS DOUBLED AND THE NUMBER OF FAMILIES OWNING MORE THAN 300 BOOKS HAS TREBLED. THE AMOUNT OF READING DONE HAS NOT INCREASED AT AN EQUAL RATE BECAUSE OF TELEVISION. MORE NON-FICTION IS PUBLISHED AND PURCHASED THAN FICTION, REFLECTING A GENERAL TENDENCY WORLDWIDE. ******************************************** Document 4413 AN ALTERNATIVE ISBN CHECKING ALGORITHM. THE INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER IS WELL KNOWN AS A TITLE IDENTIFIER IN BIBLIOGRAPHIC RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS, AS A CONTROL NUMBER FOR ISBN ASSIGNED MONOGRAPHS APPEARING ON THE UK MARC RECORD, AND AS A STOCK-ITEM IDENTIFIER IN THE BOOK TRADE. EQUALLY WELL-KNOWN IS THE HELPFUL CHARACTERISTIC THAT ISBNS EXHIBIT WHEREBY THEIR 10TH AND FINAL CHARACTER SERVES AS A CHECK-DIGIT, MINIMISING DATA ENTRY ERRORS. OTHER WELL-KNOWN IDENTIFIERS, SUCH AS THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS NUMBER AND THE BRITISH NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY NUMBER WHICH SERVE RESPECTIVELY AS CONTROL NUMBERS ON THE LC MARC RECORD AND ON THE UK MARC RECORD FOR NON-ISBN ASSIGNED MONOGRAPHS, DO NOT EXHIBIT COMPARABLE SELF-VALIDATING CHARACTERISTICS. ******************************************** Document 4414 THE INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER (ISSN) AND ITS USE BY THE UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE. DESCRIBES THE RATIONALE AND PROCEDURES FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MANDATORY PRINTING OF THE INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER (ISSN) ON SERIALS MAILED AT SPECIAL RATES IN THE USA. THE EFFORTS OF THE US LIBRARY OF CONGRESS NATIONAL SERIALS DATA PROGRAM (NSDP) TO ASSIGN AND HAVE THE ISSN PRINTED ON EACH SERIAL PUBLICATION HAVE BEEN SIGNIFICANTLY REINFORCED THROUGH THIS REQUIRED USE. CITES BIBLIOGRAPHIC, COMMERCIAL AND MANAGERIAL BENEFITS FOR THE INFORMATION COMMUNITY. ******************************************** Document 4415 COPYRIGHT AND THE NEW MEDIA. DISCUSSES THE PRINCIPLES FOR THE FUTURE STRUCTURE OF COPYRIGHT WHICH ARE EMBODIED IN THE REVISION COMMITTEE'S REPORT ON PROPOSED CHANGES IN THAT PART OF THE COPYRIGHT ACT WHICH REFERS TO PRIVATE COPYING. THE MAJORITY WISH TO SEE FREE COPYING IN SINGLE COPIES FOR PRIVATE USE, BUT TO RESTRICT PROFESSIONAL MULTIPLE COPYING. THIS RESTRICTION IS PARTICULARLY AIMED AT THE NEW MEDIA' SOUND AND VIDEOTAPES, WHICH HAVE LED TO MASS USE. THERE HAS ALWAYS BEEN A CONFLICT BETWEEN THE RIGHTS OF COPYRIGHT HOLDERS TO ECONOMIC PROFIT FROM THEIR WORKS AND THE RIGHT OF SOCIETY TO FREE ENJOYMENT OF CULTURAL VALUES. UPHOLDS THE BASIC PRINCIPLE OF THE OWNER'S SOLE RIGHT, BUT POINTS TO WAYS OF SOLVING COPYRIGHT CONFLICTS IN A MASS USE SITUATION VIA LICENCE AGREEMENTS. TODAY, WHERE TECHNOLOGY HAS MADE COLLECTIVE EXPLOITATION OF WORKS OF ART POSSIBLE IT IS NATURAL TO SEEK THESE AGREEMENTS WITH ORGANISATIONS RATHER THAN INDIVIDUAL ARTISTS. RECOMMENDS THAT SUCH LICENCE AGREEMENTS BE CONCL UDED, AND THAT COPYRIGHT HOLDERS ORGANISE THEMSELVES SO AS TO EASE THE ADMINISTRATION OF AGREEMENTS. ******************************************** Document 4416 CONTINUING EVOLUTION OF ELECTRONIC PUBLISHING. ADVANCES IN DIGITAL PREPRESS THAT HAVE OCCURRED DURING 1980-81 ARE REVIEWED, AND THE CONTINUING PROGRESS IN ELECTRONIC PUBLISHING TECHNIQUES IS DESCRIBED. AREAS IN WHICH INNOVATIONS ARE NOTED AND DISCUSSED INCLUDE ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY, RUN LENGTH, TYPOGRAPHY, SCANNING, FACSIMILE, NEWSPAPER ELECTRONIC PRODUCTION, AND LASER PLATEMAKING. ******************************************** Document 4417 THE UK SERIALS GROUP. FOR AN ABSTRACT OF THIS ARTICLE 2SEE 182/1102. ******************************************** Document 4418 REPORT ON THE FEASIBILITY STUDY AND PILOT PROJECT FOR A DIRECTORY OF SOURCES OF TECHNICAL DIGESTS. PROJECT DESIGNED TO ESTIMATE THE SIZE OF A DIRECTORY OF SOURCES OF TECHNICAL DIGESTS (I.E. STATE OF THE ART REVIEWS) AND THE EFFORT AND COST REQUIRED TO COMPILE IT, AS WELL AS ATTITUDES OF EXPERTS IN APPROPRIATE FIELDS TOWARDS IT. RESULTS SHOW THAT THERE ARE NO MAJOR OBSTACLES TO PRODUCING SUCH A PUBLICATION BUT CASTS DOUBTS ON WHETHER IT WOULD ATTRACT SUFFICIENT DEMAND TO JUSTIFY THE COSTS INVOLVED. ******************************************** Document 4419 ENGLISH LANGUAGE TRENDS IN GERMAN BASIC SCIENCE JOURNALS' A POTENTIAL COLLECTION TOOL. AMERICANS TRADITIONALLY AVOID READING ARTICLES IN SCIENCE JOURNALS PUBLISHED IN FOREIGN LANGUAGES. BY WAY OF RESPONSE THE PUBLISHERS OF SOME OF THESE JOURNALS HAVE PROGRESSIVELY INCREASED THE PROPORTION OF ARTICLES IN ENGLISH. THAT TREND IS STUDIED HERE FOR GERMAN BASIC SCIENCE JOURNALS. TRENDS TABLES SUCH AS THE 1 REPORTED (FOR 18 YEARS OF 35 JOURNALS) CAN SERVE LIBRARIANS IN THEIR FUTURE DECISIONS ABOUT STORAGE AND PURCHASE. ******************************************** Document 4420 THE FUTURE OF THE BOOK' A HISTORIAN'S PERSPECTIVE. EXAMINES THE FUTURE OF THE BOOK IN THE ACADEMIC LIBRARY USING A HISTORICAL APPROACH. ITS THESIS IS THAT THERE WILL BE BOTH CONTINUITY WITH THE PAST AND BREAKS WITH TRADITION, AND THAT BOTH FORCES WILL IMPACT THE FUTURE LIBRARY. IT DISTINGUISHES BETWEEN CUMULATIVE AND NONCUMULATIVE KNOWLEDGE AND BASIC AND APPLIED RESEARCH AND CONCLUDES THAT KNOWLEDGE IN CERTAIN DISCIPLINES IS BEST COMMUNICATED USING THE TRADITIONAL PRINT-ON-PAPER FORMAT, WHILE COMMUNICATION OF KNOWLEDGE IN OTHER DISCIPLINES IS LIKELY TO INCORPORATE THE NEWER TECHNOLOGIES. ******************************************** Document 4421 STARTING UP. DESCRIBES THE EXPERIENCE OF A NEWCOMER TO THE BUSINESS, OF SETTING UP A NEW BOOKSHOP. ******************************************** Document 4422 TELEORDERING-STEADY EXPANSION. BRIEF REPORT ON SOFTWARE SCIENCES TELEORDERING IS GIVEN WITH PARTICULAR EMPHASIS ON THE EXPERIENCES OF ONE USER; BOWES & BOWES. ******************************************** Document 4423 NON-PRINT MEDIA-AUDIO HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE. TRACES THE DEVELOPMENT OF AUDIO HARDWARE FOR COMMERCIAL PURPOSES AND THE COST-EFFECTIVE TRADE-OFFS FROM THE TECHNOLOGY WHICH HAVE BEEN USED IN ITS ADAPTATION FOR THE PRINT HANDICAPPED. BRIEFLY DISCUSSED ARE METHODS USED IN SOFTWARE PREPARATION' HIGH VOLUME FOR LIBRARIES, MEDIUM VOLUME FOR ACADEMIC USE AND LOW VOLUME FOR SPECIAL INFORMATION MATERIALS FOR PRIVATE INDIVIDUALS. ******************************************** Document 4424 MATERIALS FOR OPTICAL STORAGE' A STATE-OF-THE-ART SURVEY. THE IDEAL SPECIFICATIONS OF RECORDING MATERIAL FOR OPTICAL DATA STORAGE SYSTEMS ARE DISCUSSED, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO COST, AVAILABILITY AND TOXICITY. CONSIDERATION IS GIVEN TO VARIOUS TYPES OF MATERIALS KNOWN TO BE UNDER DEVELOPMENT' THIN METAL FILMS, ORGANIC DYES, METAL-IMPREGNATED POLYMERS, PHOTOGRAPHIC FILM, ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS, PHOTOCHROMICS AND MAGNETO-OPTICS. ******************************************** Document 4425 SELECTING, INSTALLING AND DESIGNING A COM SYSTEM. EXAMINES THE DESIGNING OF A COM SYSTEM FROM 2 PARTICULAR STANDPOINTS; START-UP COSTS AND START-UP VOLUME. THE INFLUENCE OF THESE 2 FACTORS ON COST JUSTIFICATION FOR THE SYSTEM IS ISOLATED. ******************************************** Document 4426 PROFESSIONALISM UNDER ATTACK. PROFESSIONS ARE DEFINED AS A WAY OF ORGANISING WORK. THE ATTACK ON PROFESSIONS IS SET WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF WORLD INTERDEPENDENCE AND CONFLICT BETWEEN CAPITALISM AND SOCIALISM. PROFESSIONS ARE A CAPITALISTIC FORM OF ORGANISING WORK. SOURCES OF ATTACK DESCRIBED ARE RADICALISM, EGALITARIANISM, CONSUMERISM, AND AFFIRMATIVE ACTION. ONE SOURCE OF POWER TO COUNTERACT ATTACK IS THE PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATION. ******************************************** Document 4427 AUTOMATION OF TEST-DATA TRANSMISSION FROM PRODUCER TO COMPUTER MASTER FILE. DESCRIBES 2 METHODS FOR THE DIRECT INPUT OF DATA OBTAINED DURING SCIENTIFIC EXPERIMENTS INTO A COMPUTER TERMINAL, ALL FURTHER DATA MANIPULATION AND PROCESSING BEING CONTROLLED BY COMPUTER PROGRAMS' (1) DIRECT RECORDING OF OBSERVATIONS (E.G. PLANT GROWTH) ON A PORTABLE BATTERY-POWERED RECORDING DEVICE, FOLLOWED BY DATA TRANSMISSION TO THE COMPUTER AND (2) CRT ENTRY OF OBSERVED VALUES FOR TEST AND CONTROL ANIMALS FOR SPECIFIC TESTS. ONLY AFTER VERIFICATION OF DATA ACCURACY BY THE INFORMATION PRODUCER ARE THE RESULTS ENTERED INTO THE MASTER DATA BASE. IN THE EXPERIMENTS DESCRIBED, THE ABBOTT AUTOMATED BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA SYSTEM (ABCD) WAS USED. ******************************************** Document 4428 LIBRARY SCIENCE AND HISTORY' A DIALECTICAL APPROACH. CRITICISES CONVENTIONAL STUDIES OF LIBRARY HISTORY FOR FAILING TO APPRECIATE THAT LIBRARIES ARE ESSENTIALLY PART OF AN INTERLOCKING COMPLEX OF INSTITUTIONS FORMING A PARTICULAR SOCIAL STRUCTURE, WHICH ITSELF IS DETERMINED BY THE HISTORICAL PROCESS. SHOWS HOW DIALECTICAL MATERIALISM CAN BE USED TO DEAL WITH SOCIAL ENTITIES AS PART OF A TOTALITY OF POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE FACTORS, AND EMPHASISES THE NECESSITY OF VIEWING HISTORY AS A PROCESS AND NOT AS FINITE. ONCE THIS IS UNDERSTOOD, IT BECOMES POSSIBLE TO PLACE THE STUDY OF LIBRARIES ON A RECOGNISABLE SCIENTIFIC BASIS, AS A COMPLEX OF PRACTICES WHICH ARE ULTIMATELY SOCIALLY DETERMINED. ******************************************** Document 4429 THE AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION FOR THE STUDY OF LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT IN CAPITALIST COUNTRIES (RUSSIAN LANGUAGE MATERIALS, 1974-1979). REVIEWS RUSSIAN LANGUAGE MATERIALS DEALING WITH THE STUDY OF WESTERN LIBRARIANSHIP PUBLISHED 1974-79 AND EVALUATES THEIR INFORMATION VALUE. STARTS WITH A QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS DIVIDING 380 SOURCES ACCORDING TO YEARS OF PUBLICATION AND TITLES OF PERIODICALS, THEN NUMBER OF ARTICLES DEVOTED TO INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES. SUBJECT ANALYSIS REVEALED THAT THE ORGANISATION OF LIBRARIANSHIP REPRESENTED THE HIGHEST PERCENTAGE (25%), FOLLOWED BY INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION (15%), WORK WITH READERS (13%), LIBRARY TECHNOLOGY (10%), THEORY OF LIBRARIANSHIP (6-7%). THE LOWEST NUMBER WAS DEVOTED TO THE WORK WITH CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE (3%) AND THE HISTORY OF LIBRARIANSHIP (2%). REFERENCES TO ARTICLES ARE GIVEN WITHIN EACH SUBJECT GROUP. ******************************************** Document 4430 BRITISH LIBRARIES' A 1980'S OVERVIEW. A REVIEW OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIBRARIES IN THE UK OVER A 20 YEAR PERIOD COVERS SUCH TOPICS AS' COORDINATION AND LEGISLATION AND THE FORMATION OF THE BRITISH LIBRARY. ******************************************** Document 4431 FIRST AUSTRIAN-SOVIET SEMINAR ON THE ROLE OF LIBRARIES IN A COUNTRY'S SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL LIFE. SECTION DEVOTED TO PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE 1ST AUSTRIAN-SOVIET SEMINAR ON THE ROLE OF LIBRARIES IN A COUNTRY'S SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL LIFE HELD AT THE LENIN STATE LIBRARY, 20-22 MAR 79, FOR ABSTRACTS OF WHICH 2SEE1 THE FOLLOWING SERIAL NUMBERS'-. ******************************************** Document 4432 THE 2ND SOVIET-AUSTRIAN SEMINAR ON LIBRARIANSHIP. REPORTS BRIEFLY ON THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND SOVIET-AUSTRIAN LIBRARY SEMINAR HELD IN VIENNA 21-24 OCT 80. SOVIET PAPERS DEALT WITH' PRINCIPLES OF THE LIBRARY NETWORK ORGANISATION IN THE USSR, THEORETICAL BASIS OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE SOVIET LIBRARY NETWORK AND THE ESTONIAN LIBRARY NETWORK. THE SUBJECTS OF AUSTRIAN CONTRIBUTIONS WERE' THE SYSTEM OF AUSTRIAN GOVERNMENT RESEARCH LIBRARIES AND THE ORGANISATION OF A DATA BASE FOR PERIODICAL HOLDINGS OF AUSTRIAN LIBRARIES. THE SEMINAR PROVIDED AN OPPORTUNITY FOR SOVIET LIBRARIANS TO GET ACQUAINTED WITH THE WORK OF AUSTRIAN LIBRARIES. COMMENTS ON LIBRARY VISITS FORM THE CONTENTS OF THE 2ND PART OF THE REPORT. ******************************************** Document 4433 A LIBRARIAN'S VISIT TO CHINA. BRIEF ACCOUNT OF A VISIT TO THE LIBRARIES IN THE METROPOLITAN AREAS OF BEIJING, WUHAN AND GUANGZHOU OF THE CHINESE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC. LIBRARIES VISITED INCLUDED PEKING UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF CHINA, WUHAN UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, THE PROVINCIAL LIBRARY OF HUBEI AND ZHONGSHAN UNIVERSITY LIBRARY. ******************************************** Document 4434 TH ALL INDIA LIBRARY CONFERENCE, 29 JAN-1 FEB 1978.PA PERS PRESENTED AT THE 24TH ALL INDIA LIBRARY CONFERENCE, BANGALORE, 29 JAN-1 FEB 78. ******************************************** Document 4435 EIGHTH IASLIC SEMINAR, MADRAS, 1978. PAPERS AND PROCEEDINGS OF THE EIGHTH IASLIC SEMINAR, MADRAS, 26-29 DEC 78. THE SEMINAR THEMES WERE' (1) STANDARDISATION OF TECHNIQUES AND PROCEDURES FOR INFORMATION HANDLING; AND (2) LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT. ******************************************** Document 4436 DOCUMENT: 'LIBRARY ORGANISATION IN ERETZ-YISRAEL' (IN HEBREW). FISHMAN STUDIED LIBRARIANSHIP IN THE USA IMMEDIATELY AFTER WORLD WAR I AND IT IS THEN THAT HE WROTE THIS ARTICLE, ORIGINALLY PUBLISHED IN HAPOEL HATZAIR. LIBRARY COLLECTIONS IN ERETZ-YISRAEL ARE UNPLANNED AND NOT SYSTEMATIC, BECAUSE THEY ARE BASED ALMOST EXCLUSIVELY ON GIFTS, RATHER THAN PURCHASES. LIBRARIANS MUST NOT OBLIGATE THEMSELVES TO CATALOGUE GIFT COLLECTIONS IN TOTO, BUT MUST LEAVE THEMSELVES FREE TO CHOOSE ONLY WHAT IS NEEDED AND TO GIVE AWAY OR EXCHANGE THE REST. HE CALLS FOR THE FOUNDATION OF A NATIONAL UNION CATALOGUE IN JERUSALEM WITH FAR-REACHING CENTRALISED POWERS TO TRANSFER BOOKS FROM 1 LIBRARY TO OTHERS WHERE THEY WILL BE MORE USEFUL. ******************************************** Document 4437 LIBRARIES IN THE PHILIPPINES. AFTER A BRIEF OUTLINE OF THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF LIBRARIES IN THE PHILIPPINES EXAMINES IN GREATER DEPTH THE CURRENT SITUATION. THE NATIONAL LIBRARY (FOUNDED 1900), ITS FUNCTION, ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE, POLICIES AND THE WORK OF ITS DEPARTMENTS ARE DESCRIBED. PUBLIC LIBRARIES BEGAN TO GROW AT THE BEGINNING OF THIS CENTURY; A COORDINATED PUBLIC LIBRARY NETWORK WAS ESTABLISHED IN 1949. THE LARGEST UNIVERSITY LIBRARY IS THAT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES (FOUNDED 1908). ITS RICH COLLECTIONS ARE THE BASIS FOR RETROSPECTIVE NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHIES COMPILED BY THE LIBRARY. THE WORK OF SPECIAL AND GOVERNMENT LIBRARIES IS ALSO NOTED, FOLLOWED BY THE PROVISION OF LIBRARY EDUCATION AND THE ROLE OF THE 2 LIBRARY ASSOCIATIONS IN PHILIPPINE LIBRARIANSHIP. ******************************************** Document 4438 LIBRARIES AND LIBRARIANSHIP IN CANADA. PRESENTS A PICTURE OF LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT IN CANADA. THE SUB-SECTIONS ARE GEOGRAPHIC AND TOPICAL BUT ALL EMPHASISE THE CURRENT SITUATION. THE SPARSE POPULATION, THE VASTNESS OF THE COUNTRY, THE POLITICAL ORGANISATION, THE MULTICULTURAL AND MULTILINGUAL NATURE OF THE INHABITANTS HAVE ALL INFLUENCED LIBRARIES AND LIBRARIANSHIP IN CANADA. UP TO RECENTLY THE LIBRARY SITUATION WAS BUOYANT BUT IT APPEARS THAT THE PRESENT AND THE NEAR FUTURE ECONOMIC CONDITIONS WILL SLOW THE PROCESS AND WILL FORCE A REASSESSMENT OF THE ROLE OF LIBRARIES IN CANADIAN SOCIETY. ******************************************** Document 4439 NEWS IN REVIEW, 1981. A SURVEY OF US LIBRARIANSHIP DURING 1981. AREAS COVERED INCLUDE' PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARIES; PRICES OF MATERIALS; STANDARDS; AUTOMATION; ELECTRONIC MAIL; INTERLOANS; FUNDING; RESEARCH LIBRARIES; PUBLIC LIBRARIES; FEES AND FINES; OUTREACH; LIBRARY OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE; PUBLIC RELATIONS; NETWORKS AND COOPERATIVES; PERSONNEL; WOMEN IN LIBRARIES; PRESERVATION OF MATERIALS AND LIBRARIANS IN THE NEWS. ******************************************** Document 4440 THE 1ST SOVIET-AMERICAN LIBRARY SEMINAR AND US LIBRARIES (PARTICIPANT'S NOTES). REPORTS ON AND PROVIDES SUMMARIES OF CONTRIBUTIONS PRESENTED AT THE SEMINAR ON 'LIBRARY SERVICES IN INFORMATION SOCIETY' HELD IN WASHINGTON IN MAY 79. BOTH US AND USSR PAPERS COVERED A WIDE VARIETY OF SUBJECTS INCLUDING LIBRARY PLANNING, EDUCATION AND STATISTICS, INFORMATION NEEDS, USE OF INFORMATION IN THE USSR, SERVICES TO CHILDREN, NATIONAL LIBRARIES AND NATIONAL LIBRARY SYSTEMS. VISITS TO LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION CENTRES, ORGANISED FOR THE SOVIET PARTICIPANTS, ENABLED THEM TO SEE, AT 1ST HAND, THE WORK OF US LIBRARIES IN PRACTICE. ******************************************** Document 4441 AMERICAN LIBRARY SCENE (IMPRESSIONS OF AMERICAN LIBRARIES AND LIBRARIANS). A USSR LIBRARIAN, FOR 8 YEARS (1970-78) THE DIRECTOR OF THE UN LIBRARY IN NEW YORK, DESCRIBES IMPRESSIONS MADE ON HER BY US LIBRARIES AND US LIBRARY LIFE. DEPENDENCE OF BOTH PUBLIC AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES ON PRIVATE CAPITAL IS THE REASON FOR THEIR UNEVEN DEVELOPMENT THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY. MODERN LIBRARY EQUIPMENT IN BOTH SMALL AND LARGE LIBRARIES, AUTOMATION, DEVELOPMENT OF INTEGRATED LIBRARY SYSTEMS AND LIBRARY COOPERATION ARE SEEN AS THE MAIN ACHIEVEMENTS. LIBRARY ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT, PERSONNEL (WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE STATUS OF WOMEN), EDUCATION, EMPLOYMENT SITUATION, THE ROLE OF LIBRARY ASSOCIATIONS IN US LIBRARIANSHIP, AND LIBRARY CONFERENCES AND THEIR ORGANISATION ARE DISCUSSED. ******************************************** Document 4442 NELA AT STURBRIDGE. DESCRIBES THE NEW ENGLAND LIBRARY ASSOCIATION CONFERENCE, 20-22 SEPT 81, STURBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS. TOPICS OF PAPERS INCLUDES' FEDERAL AID, COMMUNICATIONS AND STAFF RELATIONS, SELECTION AND ACQUISITIONS OF VIDEO RECORDINGS, ON-LINE CATALOGUES AND BOOK ACQUISITIONS. ALSO MENTIONS AFTER-DINNER SPEECHES AND AWARDS. ******************************************** Document 4443 THE 46TH IFLA COUNCIL MEETING (MANILA, THE PHILIPPINES, 18-23 AUGUST 1980). REPORTS ON THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE 46TH IFLA ANNUAL CONFERENCE HELD IN MANILA, THE PHILIPPINES, 18-23 AUG 80. THE THEME OF THE MEETING WAS 'THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS' GLOBAL INFORMATION EXCHANGE FOR GREATER INTERNATIONAL UNDERSTANDING'. OVER 1,200 DELEGATES FROM 52 COUNTRIES ATTENDED THIS 1ST IFLA MEETING TO BE HELD ON THE ASIAN CONTINENT RESULTING IN A LARGER THAN USUAL NUMBER OF PARTICIPANTS COMING FROM DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. CONSEQUENTLY MANY OF THE PRESENTED CONTRIBUTIONS CONCENTRATED ON THE PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED IN LIBRARY AND INFORMATION DEVELOPMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. THE CONCEPT OF THE UNIVERSAL AVAILABILITY OF PUBLICATIONS AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR LIBRARY AND BIBLIOGRAPHICAL WORK WAS AMONG THE OTHER TOPICS DISCUSSED. ******************************************** Document 4444 MEDIA AND MICROFORMS. DESCRIBES 2 PRINTED AND 2 MICROFORM SERIAL PUBLICATIONS OF INTEREST TO LIBRARIANS. THE MEDIA PUBLICATIONS ARE' 2THE CALENDAR1, A TWICE YEARLY PUBLICATION FILLED WITH INFORMATION ABOUT WHAT IS HAPPENING IN THE WORLD OF CHILDREN'S BOOKS; AND 2PARENT'S CHOICE1, A BI-MONTHLY REVIEW OF CURRENT CHILDREN'S BOOKS AND AUDIO-VISUAL MATERIAL WHICH ALSO INCLUDES ARTICLES ON MATTERS OF CONCERN TO PARENTS, AND A GUIDE TO CHILDREN'S OUT-OF-SCHOOL LEARNING AND ENTERTAINMENT. THE MICROFORM PUBLICATIONS ARE' 2THE FEARON PITMAN CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT LIBRARY1' AN ANNUALLY PUBLISHED MICROFICHE DEVOTED TO CURRICULUM DOCUMENTS SOLICITED FROM A VARIETY OF EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES THROUGHOUT THE USA AND CANADA; AND THE 2MICROFORM REVIEW SERIES IN LIBRARY MICROGRAPHICS MANAGEMENT1-A SERIES OF 6 READERS AND 2 PRACTICAL GUIDES ON LIBRARY MICROFORM MANAGEMENT. ******************************************** Document 4445 JOURNALS READ BY ACRL ACADEMIC LIBRARIANS, 1973 AND 1978. A STUDY WAS UNDERTAKEN TO IDENTIFY THE AMOUNT AND KINDS OF PROFESSIONAL JOURNAL READING BEING DONE BY ACRL (ASSOCIATION OF COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES) ACADEMIC LIBRARIANS, WITH DATA DRAWN FROM 2 SEPARATE SURVEYS MADE OVER A 5-YEAR PERIOD OF TIME. QUESTIONNAIRES WERE SENT TO A SAMPLE OF ACRL MEMBERS IN 1973 AND AGAIN IN 1978, WHICH ASCERTAINED HOW MANY JOURNALS THEY WERE READING REGULARLY AND WHAT THE TITLES OF THOSE JOURNALS WERE. ILLUSTRATIONS PROVIDE A COMPARISON OF MOST FREQUENTLY READ TITLES FOR 1973 TO 1978, WITH THE PERCENTAGE OF READER RESPONSE FOR EACH TITLE. FOR BOTH YEARS SURVEYED, ACRL ACADEMIC LIBRARIANS AVERAGED APPROXIMATELY 7 JOURNALS READ ON A REGULAR BASIS. A SEPARATE ANALYSIS OF THE 1978 DATA INDICATED THAT 7 OF THE TITLES CITED AS BEING READ ACCOUNTED FOR 80% OF THE JOURNAL READING. AS HAD BEEN THE CASE IN 1973, MORE THAN 9 IN 10 OF THESE ACADEMIC LIBRARIANS WERE REGULAR READERS OF COLLEGE & RESEARCH LIBRAR IES. HOWEVER, SEVERAL OTHER TITLES HEAVILY CITED IN 1973 LOST READERSHIP AMONG ACRL MEMBERS DUE TO THE DRAMATIC APPEARANCE OF THE JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC LIBRARIANSHIP. ******************************************** Document 4446 QUESTIONS OF HUNGARIAN LIBRARY PRESS. ON BEHALF OF THE NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR LIBRARIANSHIP A WORKING COMMITTEE EXAMINED THE SITUATION OF HUNGARIAN LIBRARY PRESS. THE COMPILATION PREPARED ON THE BASIS OF THE EXAMINATION PRESENTS THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUNGARIAN LIBRARY PRESS, GIVES A DETAILED EVALUATIVE SITUATION REPORT OF 4 CENTRAL (NATIONAL) LEARNED JOURNALS AND OF JOURNALS PUBLISHED BY SPECIAL LIBRARY NETWORKS. A SUMMARISED EVALUATION IS GIVEN ON COUNTY LIBRARY NEWS JOURNALS. ******************************************** Document 4447 BIBLIOTEKAR''-IT IS ABOUT US AND FOR US... RESULTS OF A QUESTIONNAIRE.B IBLIOTEKAR' ASKED READERS TO APPRAISE THE 1980 JOURNAL'S CONTENTS AND RECEIVED 332 REPLIES. ASKED WHETHER AND HOW BIBLIOTEKAR' HAD CHANGED, MOST REPLIED IT INCLUDED MORE THEORY, BUT THEY MISSED MATERIAL ON PRACTICAL LIBRARIANSHIP. 153 STATED CHANGES WERE AN IMPROVEMENT; 36-A DETERIORATION; 143-NOTICED NONE. READERS FELT MOST USEFUL ARTICLES WERE: 'ADVICE ON BBK' (LIBRARY BOOK CLASSIFICATION); EXHIBITIONS; POETS; CHILDREN'S BOOK SELECTION; RURAL LIBRARIANS; LENIN'S HERITAGE. ASKED ABOUT SUBJECTS TREATED INADEQUATELY, RESPONDENTS MENTIONED' METHODOLOGICAL ADVICE; WORK WITH THE PUBLIC; EVENING MEETINGS; EXHIBITIONS; LIBRARY DESIGN; WORK WITH CHILDREN. OTHER SUBJECTS SUGGESTED WERE' ACQUISITIONING; PERIODICALS; STAFF RELATIONS; INFORMATION; BOOK PUBLICITY; UNION REPUBLIC LIBRARIES; OVERSEAS LIBRARIANSHIP; NATURAL HISTORY PROMOTION; CHILDREN'S WRITERS; ART AND MUSIC DEPARTMENTS; AND HISTORY OF LIBRARIANSHIP. ******************************************** Document 4448 PRINCIPLES OF COMPILING THE CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEX TO IFID VOLUMES 1 TO 5 (1975/76-1980). THE CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEX TO THE IFID (INTERNATIONAL FORUM ON INFORMATION AND DOCUMENTATION) COMBINES TRADITIONAL AND MODERN PRINCIPLES OF ORGANISATION. UNDER ALPHABETISED MAJOR SUBJECT HEADINGS THERE ARE SEARCH PATTERNS OF PAPERS CONSISTING OF KEYWORDS RANKED ACCORDING TO THEIR SIGNIFICANCE FOR ARTICLE CONTENTS PRESENTATION. ******************************************** Document 4449 ZZZZ. A QUARTERLY THEMATIC JOURNAL DEVOTED TO DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF REFERENCE LIBRARIANSHIP. A SINGLE TOPIC IS EXAMINED EACH ISSUE BY MEANS OF A COLLECTION OF PAPERS FROM SELECTED AUTHORS IN THE FIELD. PUBLISHED BY THE HAWORTH PRESS, INC., 28 EAST 22ND STREET, NEW YORK, 10010, USA. SUBSCRIPTION $40.00 P.A. ******************************************** Document 4450 ZZZZ. PUBLISHED BY THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF NEW ZEALAND, SCHOOL LIBRARY SERVICE, 2SCHOOL LIBRARY REVIEW1 AIMS TO PROVIDE A FORUM FOR THOSE LIBRARIANS CONCERNED WITH CHILDREN'S BOOKS AND RELATED MATERIALS. ******************************************** Document 4451 ZZZZ. A QUARTERLY THEMATIC JOURNAL DEVOTED TO DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF SPECIAL COLLECTIONS IN THE 4 FIELDS OF ARTS, SCIENCES, SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES. PUBLISHED BY THE HAWORTH PRESS, INC., 28 EAST 22ND STREET, NEW YORK, 10010, USA. SUBSCRIPTION $85.00 P.A. ******************************************** Document 4452 STARTING LIBRARY RESEARCH!. INTERVIEWS JOHN P. WILKINSON, LEADER OF THE CENTRE FOR RESEARCH IN LIBRARIANSHIP, TORONTO, WHO DESCRIBES HIS CAREER IN LIBRARIANSHIP AND THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE CENTRE IN 1975. THE CENTRE IS SUPPORTED FINANCIALLY BY FUNDED RESEARCH ONLY, BUT IS HELPED ALSO BY ITS PROXIMITY TO CANADA'S LARGEST RESEARCH LIBRARY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO. FOR A RESEARCH PROJECT IN LIBRARIANSHIP TO BE SUCCESSFUL, THE PROBLEM MUST BE OF CURRENT INTEREST SO THAT IT CAN ATTRACT FUNDS, IT MUST BE AN AREA IN WHICH ONE SPECIALISES, AND HELP MUST BE SOUGHT FROM OTHER EXPERTS. EXPLAINS WHAT A RESEARCH PROBLEM IS AND HOW IT IS FORMULATED IN TERMS OF THE WHOLE RESEARCH PROCESS. DISCUSSES THE RESEARCH INTO THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY TRAITS AND EFFECTIVE LIBRARY MANAGEMENT, AND ARGUES THAT RESEARCHERS SHOULD RESOLVE PROBLEMS WHICH HINDER DECISION-MAKING, BUT THEY SHOULD NOT MAKE THE DECISIONS THEMSELVES. RESEARCH METHODS IS A COMPULSORY SUBJECT IN THE UNIVERSITY'S MLS PROGRAMME, STRESSING THE IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH IF LIBRARIANSHIP IS TO BECOME A PROFESSIONAL SOCIAL SCIENCE DISCIPLINE. ******************************************** Document 4453 ANDERSON: THE RELUCTANT LIBRARIAN. ANDERSON'S 'RELUCTANCE' STEMS FROM HIS TRANSFER FROM THE NEW SOUTH WALES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE TO THE HEADSHIP OF THE FREE PUBLIC LIBRARY, SYDNEY, DURING THE AGRICULTURAL RECESSION IN 1893. DESPITE HIS LACK OF PREVIOUS EXPERIENCE IN THE FIELD, ANDERSON MADE HIS MARK AS AN ADMINISTRATOR, IN THE TECHNIQUES OF LIBRARIANSHIP, AND IN COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT. THE LIBRARY ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA'S H.C.L. ANDERSON AWARD IS CONFERRED FOR 'OUTSTANDING SERVICE TO LIBRARIANSHIP OR TO THE LIBRARY PROFESSION IN AUSTRALIA'. ******************************************** Document 4454 JEAN BLETON. BRIEF ACCOUNT OF THE WORK OF THE FRENCH LIBRARY ARCHITECTURE SPECIALIST JEAN BLETON WHOSE PROFESSIONAL LIFE STARTED IN 1943 AT THE BIBLIOTHEQUE NATIONALE. FROM 1945-72 HE WORKED IN THE DIRECTORATE FOR LIBRARIES AND TOOK PART IN 110 UNIVERSITY AND PUBLIC LIBRARY PROJECTS INCLUDING BOTH NEW BUILDINGS AND RECONSTRUCTIONS. AS THE GENERAL LIBRARY INSPECTOR (FROM 1972) HE IS ALSO RESPONSIBLE FOR PROJECTS IN AFRICA. HIS PUBLICATIONS AND HIS WORK IN IFLA ARE REVIEWED AND A LIST OF HIS PUBLISHED WORKS APPENDED. ******************************************** Document 4455 INTERVIEW: LENYRA CAMARGO FRACCAROLI. THE FOUNDER OF BRAZIL'S 1ST CHILDREN'S LIBRARY, NOW IN HER 70S, DISCUSSES HER INVOLVEMENT WITH CHILDREN'S LIBRARIES AND LITERATURE, ANSWERING QUESTIONS ABOUT THE HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE SAO PAULO CHILDREN'S LIBRARY NETWORK, PLANNING STRATEGIES, LIBRARIAN TRAINING PROGRAMMES, AND STANDARDS IN CONTEMPORARY CHILDREN'S LITERATURE. A SUMMARY IS GIVEN OF HER CAREER. ******************************************** Document 4456 A REMARKABLE MATHEMATICIAN ON THE ACTIVITY OF INFORMATION AND DOCUMENTATION' HOMAGE TO GRIGORE C. MOISIL. RECALLS THE MEMORY OF THE RUMANIAN MATHEMATICIAN, LOGICIAN AND PHILOSOPHER, GRIGORE C. MOISIL, MEMBER OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF RUMANIA. PAYS HOMAGE TO HIS ACTIVITIES IN PROMOTING AND POPULARISING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, AND DESCRIBES HIS INITIATIVES, ACTIVITIES AND INNOVATIONS IN THE PROMOTION OF INFORMATION AND DOCUMENTATION IN RUMANIA. ******************************************** Document 4457 A PERSONAL TRIBUTE TO JACQUELINE VIAUX ON HER RETIREMENT FROM THE CHAIRMANSHIP OF THE IFLA SECTION OF ART LIBRARIES. JACQUELINE VIAUX'S WORK HAS ALSO INCLUDED THE POST OF 'CONSERVATEUR EN CHEF' AT THE BIBLIOTHEQUE FORNEY IN PARIS, ACTIVE PARTICIPATION IN THE 'ASSOCIATION DES BIBLIOTHECAIRES FRANCAIS' AND CHAIRMANSHIP OF THAT ASSOCIATION'S 'SOUS-SECTION' OF ART LIBRARIANS FROM 1973-80. ******************************************** Document 4458 IN CONVERSATION WITH INA VINTGES. TEXT OF A DISCUSSION WITH W.M.E. VINTGES WHO RETIRED FROM HER POST AS HEAD OF LIBRARY AFFAIRS AT THE NETHERLANDS BIBLIOTHEEK EN LECTUUR CENTRUM (DUTCH CENTRE FOR LIBRARIES AND LITERATURE) IN NOV 81. UNTIL 1962 MRS VINTGES HAD BEEN HEAD OF THE ROMAN CATHOLIC PUBLIC LIBRARY AT TILBURG, A POST WHICH INVOLVED HER IN SERVING ON A NUMBER OF NATIONAL COMMITTEES. IN 1962 MRS. VINTGES WAS APPOINTED GENERAL CONSULTANT WITH THE CENTRALE VERENIGING VOOR OPENBARE BIBLIOTHEKEN (CENTRAL ASSOCIATION FOR PUBLIC LIBRARIES) AND JOINED THE STAFF OF THE NBLC IN 1972. MRS VINTGES FEELS THAT THE GOVERNMENT'S VIEW OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES IS TOO RESTRICTED AND THAT PUBLIC LIBRARIES AS A BASIC SERVICE FOR EDUCATION AND SOCIAL WELFARE SHOULD NO LONGER BE REGARDED AS PURELY THE RESPONSIBILITY OF LOCAL AUTHORITIES. ******************************************** Document 4459 THE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE OBJECT AND STATE OF LIBRARY SCIENCE, BIBLIOGRAPHY AND INFORMATION. IN THE USSR, INTEREST IN THE THEORETICAL SIDE OF THESE SUBJECTS HAS GROWN RECENTLY, THEREFORE IT IS NECESSARY TO ESTABLISH THE CURRENT STATE OF THESE SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES, THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH EACH OTHER AND WITH OTHER DISCIPLINES. DESCRIPTIONS ARE GIVEN OF' PRESENTATION OF RESEARCH METHODS AND STRUCTURE OF THE THEORETIC BASES; SOVIET CONCEPTS OF THE THEORY OF LIBRARY SCIENCE, BIBLIOGRAPHY AND INFORMATICS; ESTIMATES OF THE COMPLETENESS AND CONSISTENCY OF CURRENT THEORIES; PRINCIPLES OF LIMITATION; COORDINATION OF THE INTERPRETATION OF OBJECTS STUDIED; AND RESULTS OF THE INVESTIGATION, WHICH REVEAL THAT MORE WORK ON THIS BASIC STUDY IS NEEDED. ******************************************** Document 4460 THE LIBRARIAN, INFORMATICS, AND THE INTERRELATION BETWEEN PROFESSIONALS WORKING IN LIBRARIES TODAY. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE 14TH BRAZILIAN SEMINAR ON INFORMATICS AND LIBRARY SCIENCE, SAO PAULO, 16-23 OCT 81. THE LIBRARY OF TODAY IS DESCRIBED WITH REFERENCE TO RECENT ORGANISATIONAL AND TECHNICAL INNOVATIONS, WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF ITS LONG HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT. TO FULFIL ITS RESPONSIBILITIES OF COLLECTING, PROCESSING AND DISSEMINATING INFORMATION IN THE 1980S, THE LIBRARY HAS BECOME INCREASINGLY RELIANT ON INFORMATION ANALYSIS; THE AVAILABILITY OF NEW TECHNIQUES AND TECHNOLOGY HAS FREED PROFESSIONALS FROM MANY TRADITIONAL TASKS AND PROFESSIONAL TRAINING HAS ALTERED GREATLY IN SCOPE AND ORIENTATION. COMPARES AND CONTRASTS THE ROLES OF THE LIBRARIAN AND THE INFORMATION SCIENTIST IN A SOCIETY LIKE BRAZIL UNDERGOING RAPID DEVELOPMENT, POINTING OUT THE POTENTIAL DANGER IN LACK OF COMMUNICATION BETWEEN THEM WHEN COMPLEMENTING COOPERATION IS ESSENTIAL TO MEET ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL NEEDS. ******************************************** Document 4461 INTERVIEW WITH PROFESSOR GASTON LITTON. A PROMINENT US LIBRARIAN AND AUTHOR OF SOME 20 BOOKS ON LIBRARY SCIENCE AND ARCHIVES, WHO HAS COLLABORATED ON SEVERAL LIBRARY TRAINING PROGRAMMES IN BRAZIL, ANSWERS QUESTIONS ON THE STATE OF THE PROFESSION. TOPICS COVERED INCLUDE THE PROSPECTS LIBRARY SCIENCE OFFERS AS A CAREER, PROBABLE DEVELOPMENTS OVER THE NEXT 25 YEARS, NEGLECTED AND OVERDEVELOPED FIELDS, THE POSSIBILITIES FOR LIBRARIANS IN NON-LIBRARY SITUATIONS, AND CURRENT TRENDS IN RESEARCH AND TRAINING. ******************************************** Document 4462 A CASE ABOUT LIBRARIES: BRIEF OF 'AMICUS CURIAE'. DETAILS THE ACTION TAKEN BY THE LONG ISLAND LIBRARY ASSOCIATION COALITION AGAINST THE BOARD OF EDUCATION OF ISLAND TREES, NEW YORK. THE CASE ARISES FROM THE ACTION OF ELECTED MEMBERS OF THE BOARD IN ORDERING THE REMOVAL OF 9 BOOKS FROM THE SHELVES OF THE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL LIBRARY, ONE BOOK FROM THE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL LIBRARY AND ONE FROM THE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL CURRICULUM. ******************************************** Document 4463 THE OCCUPATIONAL IMAGE: POOR FOCUSING?. DISCUSSES THE FINDINGS OF A SURVEY OF THE PUBLIC AND SELF IMAGE OF LIBRARIANS AND INFORMATION OFFICERS. USES QUESTIONNAIRE MATERIAL SUPPLIED BY UK LIBRARY-INFORMATION WORKERS TO DESCRIBE HOW THESE PROFESSIONALS SEE THEMSELVES, AND TO CONSTRUCT AN IDEAL IMAGE OF EACH PROFESSION. CONSIDERS THE SIGNIFICANCE OF 2 OF THE STUDY'S FINDINGS' (1) THAT A RELATIVELY HIGH PROPORTION OF PEOPLE WORKING IN THE PROFESSION WANT TO GET OUT; AND (2) THAT COMPARED WITH THE PROPORTION OF SUCH GROUPS IN OTHER PROFESSIONS, LIBRARIANS AND INFORMATION WORKERS SEEMED TO DISPLAY A FAIRLY HIGH LEVEL OF AMBIVERT MOTIVATION, WHICH INDICATES A BALANCED AND ROUNDED MOTIVATION AND TYPE OF PERSONALITY. ALSO CONCLUDES THAT THE PUBLIC IMAGE OF THE LIBRARIAN IS IN THE PROCESS OF CHANGE. ******************************************** Document 4464 MEANINGS OF THE INFORMATION NOTION-A DEBATABLE AND TOPICAL PROBLEM. ANALYSES THE CONCEPT OF 'INFORMATION' AND THE MEANINGS WHICH THE TERM HAS ACQUIRED. AFTER A DISCUSSION OF THE VARIOUS DEFINITIONS OF INFORMATION, SUGGESTS THAT THE DEFINITION OF THE CONCEPT SHOULD BE A SYNTHETIC AND POSITIVE EXPRESSION-AN ESSENTIAL ENTITY WHICH IS GENERATED IN THE CONTEXT OF THE SEMIOTIC SITUATION, IS ESTABLISHED IN THE FIELD OF SIGNS AND/OR SIGNALS AND BECOMES THE SUBSTANCE AND ESSENCE OF ANY COMMUNICATION. ******************************************** Document 4465 INFORMATION, THOUGHT AND LANGUAGE. DEBATES CONCERNING THE CONCEPT OF 'INFORMATION' EMPHASISE SEVERAL IMPORTANT ASPECTS OF THE THOUGHT/SPEECH RELATIONSHIP, PLEADING FOR THE REFRESHMENT OF SCIENTIFIC LANGUAGE. ANALYSES CONTRADICTORY OPINIONS REGARDING THE ORTHOLOGICAL STATUS AND THE MEANING OF THE TERM 'INFORMATION', AND INDICATES CERTAIN DELIMITATIONS, UNDERLINING THE INTRICATE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN INFORMATION AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE, AND BETWEEN INFORMATION AND THOUGHT. ARGUES AGAINST THE USE OF THE TERM INFORMATION IN THE MATHEMATICAL SENSE, CONSIDERING IT TERMINOLOGICALLY CONFUSING. ******************************************** Document 4466 A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE SOCIOECONOMIC AND PROFESSIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION EXECUTIVE BOARD AND COUNCIL MEMBERS, 1876-1917. BY USING THE COMPUTER TO COMPARE SOCIOECONOMIC AND PROFESSIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ALA EXECUTIVE BOARD AND COUNCIL MEMBERS BETWEEN 1876 AND 1917, IDENTIFIES A COLLECTIVE PROFILE OF BOTH GROUPS IN ORDER TO TEST THE HYPOTHESIS THAT THE COUNCIL WAS MORE 'DEMOCRATIC' THAN THE EXECUTIVE BOARD. TEST RESULTS REVEAL CONSIDERABLE HOMOGENEITY THROUGHOUT THE 41-YEAR ANALYSIS PERIOD, BUT THE PERIOD FROM 1900-1917 DOES DEMONSTRATE SEVERAL HETEROGENEOUS AREAS WORTHY OF FURTHER STUDY. ******************************************** Document 4467 THE WORK MARKET. ARGUES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIBRARIANSHIP TRAINING PROGRAMMES THAT WILL TRULY PREPARE THE PROFESSIONAL TO MEET THE NEEDS OF A WORK MARKET DETERMINED, IN BRAZIL, BY THE SOCIAL CONDITIONS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT. THERE IS NOW AN INCREASING DEMAND FOR LIBRARIANS, BUT LIBRARY SCHOOLS DO NOT GEAR THEIR PROGRAMMES TO PROVIDE TRAINING FOR ACTUAL SOCIAL SITUATIONS. ONCE THE NATURE OF THE MARKET NEEDS IS UNDERSTOOD, TRAINING POLICIES CAN BE ADAPTED ACCORDINGLY. ILLUSTRATES THE ARGUMENT WITH REFERENCE TO THE PUBLIC LIBRARY AND UNIVERSITY LIBRARY FIELDS, EMPHASISING THE NECESSITY FOR PRACTICAL ABILITIES AND PROFESSIONAL AWARENESS. ******************************************** Document 4468 LIBRARY EDUCATION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES' PERTINENT ISSUES. EXAMINES THE NEED FOR LIBRARY AND INFORMATION MANPOWER AND THE ROLE OF LIBRARY SCHOOLS IN THIS CONTEXT. DISCUSSES THE PERTINENT ISSUES WITH REGARD TO (1) THE LEVELS OF COURSES, (2) THE PLACE OF LIBRARY SCHOOLS IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS, (3) DIFFICULTIES IN DEVELOPING HIGHER EDUCATION IN LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE AND (4) TEACHING STAFF REQUIREMENTS, IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. ******************************************** Document 4469 THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION FOR LIBRARIANSHIP IN THE U.K. REVIEWS THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL LIBRARY EDUCATION IN THE UK WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE ROLE OF THE LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. ******************************************** Document 4470 TRAINING IN THE SYSTEM OF RESEARCH LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION CENTRES IN AUSTRIA. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE 1ST AUSTRIAN-SOVIET SEMINAR ON THE ROLE OF LIBRARIES IN A COUNTRY'S SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL LIFE, HELD AT THE LENIN STATE LIBRARY, 20-22 MAR 79. AFTER A SHORT OUTLINE OF THE PRE-1978 AUSTRIAN LIBRARY EDUCATION, CONCENTRATES ON THE DESCRIPTION OF THE NEW SYSTEM IN OPERATION FROM 1979. TRAINING IN LIBRARIANSHIP, DOCUMENTATION AND INFORMATION SCIENCE IS NOT PROVIDED BY ANY ACADEMIC INSTITUTION IN AUSTRIA AND IS THEREFORE CARRIED OUT BY LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION CENTRES. LIBRARY EDUCATION IS DIVIDED INTO CATEGORIES A, B, AND C ACCORDING TO THE LEVEL OF GENERAL EDUCATION OF STUDENTS. A-UNIVERSITY EDUCATION, B-SECONDARY SCHOOL CERTIFICATES, C-UNCERTIFIED SECONDARY SCHOOL LEAVERS. 5 MAIN DISCIPLINES TAUGHT ARE' LAW, LIBRARY ORGANISATION, HISTORICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY AND AUDIO-VISUAL MATERIALS, PROCESSING, AND THE STORAGE AND DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION. ******************************************** Document 4471 LIBRARY TRAINING).A THEMATIC ISSUE ON LIBRARY TRAINING. FOR ABSTRACTS 2SEE1 THE FOLLOWING SERIAL NUMBERS'. ******************************************** Document 4472 INTRODUCTION. CONTRIBUTION TO A THEMATIC ISSUE ON LIBRARY TRAINING. THE PRESENT CONTENT, LEVEL AND FRAMEWORK OF HUNGARIAN LIBRARY TRAINING IS UNSATISFACTORY' CURRICULUM UNITS ARE NOT BUILT UPON EACH OTHER; THE SUBJECTS STUDIED ARE NOT SEPARATED ENOUGH ON EACH LEVEL AND ARE NOT ADEQUATELY COORDINATED; AND THE COMBINATION OF SUBJECTS DOES NOT REFLECT THE DEMANDS MADE ON LIBRARIES. THE NUMBER OF STUDENTS WHO GO ON TO WORK IN LIBRARIES IS NOT KNOWN. THE AUTHORITIES HAVE ASKED FOR SUGGESTIONS FOR IMPROVING EDUCATION FOR LIBRARIANSHIP. ******************************************** Document 4473 CHRONOLOGY OF THE CHANGES IN HUNGARIAN LIBRARY TRAINING AND EXTENSION TRAINING. CONTRIBUTION TO A THEMATIC ISSUE ON LIBRARY TRAINING. LISTS IN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER THE CHANGES IN HUNGARIAN LIBRARY TRAINING SINCE 1947. ******************************************** Document 4474 SCIENTIFIC LIBRARIAN? LIBRARY SCIENTIST? SCIENTIFICALLY TRAINED LIBRARIAN? OR DEVELOPING TRAINING DEMANDS OF A DEVELOPING PROFESSION. CONTRIBUTION TO A THEMATIC ISSUE ON LIBRARY TRAINING. LASZLO MATRAI HAS SUGGESTED THAT LIBRARY SCIENCE DOES NOT EXIST AND THAT A LIBRARIAN SHOULD BE A SCIENTIST OF THE SUBJECT FIELD CARED FOR AND SERVED BY HIM, BUT BY NO MEANS A LIBRARY SCIENTIST. THUS LIBRARY SKILLS SHOULD BE ATTAINED BY PRACTICE. THE AUTHOR FEELS THAT THE TRANSMISSION OF INFORMATION IN A LIBRARY IS A COMPLEX OPERATION, REQUIRING TRAINING AT A HIGHER EDUCATION LEVEL. THIS TRAINING, INCORPORATING UP-TO-DATE KNOWLEDGE, IS THE ESSENCE OF THE LIBRARY PROFESSION AND IS ESSENTIAL IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS. ******************************************** Document 4475 LIBRARY CAREER, PROCESS OF CHANGES, DEVELOPMENT TENDENCIES. CONTRIBUTION TO A THEMATIC ISSUE ON LIBRARY TRAINING. THE ACCELERATED DEVELOPMENT OF CULTURE, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY HAS RESULTED IN A NEW TYPE OF LIBRARY USER. THE USER NOW REQUIRES NOT ONLY LIBRARY MATERIAL, BUT ALSO ANALYSED, EVALUATED INFORMATION. THIS IN TURN HAS GIVEN RISE TO NEW PROFESSIONAL BRANCHES OF LIBRARIANSHIP AND INFORMATION SCIENCE. SUMMARISES THE ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS WHICH FORM AND SHAPE CAREERS IN THIS FIELD. ******************************************** Document 4476 LIBRARY TRAINING BASED ON INFORMATICS. CONTRIBUTION TO A THEMATIC ISSUE ON LIBRARY TRAINING. INVESTIGATES THE THEORETICAL FOUNDATION OF UNIVERSITY LIBRARY TRAINING AND PROPOSES TRAINING BASED ON INFORMATICS. PRESENTS THE MOST IMPORTANT THEMES OF INFORMATICS AS SHANNON'S COMMUNICATION THEORY; SCIENTOMETRICS; DOCUMENT TYPOLOGY; ORGANISING LIBRARY WORK; INFORMATION MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY; AND INFORMATION ORGANISATION. ******************************************** Document 4477 USE OF INFORMATION-SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT-LIBRARY TRAINING. CONTRIBUTION TO A THEMATIC ISSUE ON LIBRARY TRAINING. COMPLETES TIBOR HORVATH'S CONCEPTION, OUTLINING THE NECESSARY KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE USER AND UTILISATION OF INFORMATION. THE THEMES OUTLINED ARE THE ESSENCE OF INFORMATION USE; THE OBJECTIVE INFORMATION NEEDS OF SOCIETY; THE SUBJECTIVE INFORMATION DEMAND; THE PROCESS OF INFORMATION USE; GUIDANCE IN INFORMATION USE; AND SERVING INFORMATION DEMANDS. ******************************************** Document 4478 SOME QUESTIONS OF LIBRARY TRAINING, RELATION OF UNIVERSITY AND HIGH SCHOOL TRAINING. CONTRIBUTION TO A THEMATIC ISSUE ON LIBRARY TRAINING. LIBRARY TRAINING SHOULD BE BASED ON THE PROFESSION AND NOT ON THE SCOPE OF ACTIVITIES. GENERAL PROFESSIONAL TRAINING SHOULD BE OFFERED RATHER THAN SPECIALIST TRAINING. THE SUBJECTS COVERED SHOULD BE LINKED WITH EACH OTHER AND THE PROFESSION'S OBJECTIVES. HIGH SCHOOL AND UNIVERSITY TRAINING SHOULD BE SEPARATE, BUT CONNECTED IN SUCH A WAY THAT CROSSING FROM 1 TO THE OTHER IS MADE EASIER. ******************************************** Document 4479 LIBRARY TRAINING IN YUGOSLAVIA. CONTRIBUTION TO A THEMATIC ISSUE ON LIBRARY TRAINING. DISCUSSES PROBLEMS OF LIBRARY TRAINING ON A NATIONAL LEVEL IN YUGOSLAVIA SINCE 1971. ******************************************** Document 4480 WE DID NOT LEARN FOR THE SCHOOL BUT FOR LIFE. CONTRIBUTION TO A THEMATIC ISSUE ON LIBRARY TRAINING. THE AUTHORS, HOLDERS OF THE GOMBOCZ SCHOLARSHIP, ATTENDED THE LIBRARY SCIENCE COURSE AT KENT STATE UNIVERSITY, OHIO. USES EXAMPLES TO DEMONSTRATE THE MORE PRACTICAL NATURE OF US, AS OPPOSED TO HUNGARIAN, LIBRARY TRAINING. ******************************************** Document 4481 PREPARING FOR A SURVEY OF ALL THE LIBRARY PROCESSES. ONE LESSON OF AMERICAN LIBRARY TRAINING. CONTRIBUTION TO A THEMATIC ISSUE ON LIBRARY TRAINING. SUMMARISES THE AUTHOR'S EXPERIENCES AT THE SCHOOL OF LIBRARY SCIENCE, KENT STATE UNIVERSITY, OHIO (SHE IS A HOLDER OF THE GOMBOCZ SCHOLARSHIP). TO CARRY OUT EFFECTIVE AND ECONOMIC HIGH-LEVEL LIBRARY WORK, SPECIALISTS MUST BE PREPARED TO MANAGE GENERAL LIBRARY PROCESSES AS WELL. US LIBRARY SCHOOLS PAY SPECIAL ATTENTION TO TEACHING THE ANALYSIS, PLANNING AND ORGANISATION OF SUCH PROCESSES. ******************************************** Document 4482 NEW TRENDS IN LIBRARIANSHIP AND INFORMATION SCIENCE STUDIES. THE DEPARTMENT OF LIBRARIANSHIP AND INFORMATION SCIENCE AT THE FACULTY OF PHILOSOPHY WITHIN THE COMENIUS UNIVERSITY IN BRATISLAVA HAS BEEN IN EXISTENCE FOR 30 YEARS. AT PRESENT, BOTH FULL-TIME AND PART-TIME UNDERGRADUATE AND POSTGRADUATE COURSES ARE OFFERED. IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE NEW IDEAS IN THE CZECHOSLOVAK SYSTEM OF HIGHER EDUCATION, CURRICULA HAS RECENTLY BEEN SUBJECTED TO PROFOUND AND SOMETIMES CONTROVERSIAL CHANGES. THE DURATION OF UNDERGRADUATE COURSES HAS BEEN REDUCED FROM 5 TO 4 YEARS. IT WILL CONCENTRATE ON LIBRARIANSHIP AND/OR INFORMATION SCIENCE AS WELL AS ON CLOSELY RELATED SUBJECTS. THE AIM OF EQUIPPING STUDENTS WITH THE BASIC KNOWLEDGE IN THE FIELD OF THEIR PROSPECTIVE TYPE OF LIBRARY HAS BEEN ABANDONED. ALTHOUGH IT FELL SHORT OF EXPECTATIONS, THE EXTENSION OF THE DEPARTMENT'S BUILDING WILL NEVERTHELESS ENABLE THE TEACHING AND OTHER STAFF TO BUILD UP RESOURCES OF AUDIO-VISUAL AIDS AND OTHER ILLUSTRATIVE MATERIALS, AND ALSO TO INVOLVE THEIR STUDENTS IN RESEARCH PROJECTS. ******************************************** Document 4483 NEW ERA OF THE SCHOOL OF LIBRARIANSHIP IN BRATISLAVA. THE SCHOOL OF LIBRARIANSHIP IN BRATISLAVA WAS FOUNDED IN 1953, SIMULTANEOUSLY WITH SIMILAR SCHOOLS IN PRAGUE AND BRNO. AFTER OVERCOMING CONSIDERABLE DIFFICULTIES OF VARIOUS KINDS IN THE 1ST 10 YEARS OF ITS HISTORY, THE SCHOOL HAS CONCENTRATED IN EDUCATING AND TRAINING PROSPECTIVE NON-GRADUATE LIBRARIANS AND INFORMATION SCIENTISTS. SO FAR ABOUT 3,000 STUDENTS HAVE COMPLETED THEIR FULL-TIME OR PART-TIME COURSES. ALMOST 90% OF THEM WORK IN LIBRARIES AND IN CENTRES OF SCIENTIFIC, TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC INFORMATION. COMMENCING IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 1984-85, NEW SYLLABUSES WILL COME INTO FORCE. THE COURSES OFFERED WILL BE FULL-TIME ONLY. AFTER 2 YEARS WITH A COMMON CURRICULUM, STUDENTS WILL TAKE UP EITHER LIBRARIANSHIP OR INFORMATION SCIENCE FOR THE REMAINING 2 YEARS, WHEN FINAL EXAMINATIONS OF A THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL NATURE WILL BE HELD. THE NEW PROJECT, WORKED OUT UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING IN PRAGUE, WILL BECOME A FURTHER STEP TOWARDS PROVIDING LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION CENTRES WITH CAPABLE STAFF. ******************************************** Document 4484 INTERVIEW WITH DR. MOLLER. THE NEWLY APPOINTED DIRECTOR OF THE MCGILL LIBRARY SCHOOL ANSWERS QUESTIONS ON TRAINING IN LIBRARY TECHNOLOGY AND AUTOMATION, PROVISION FOR INSERVICE TRAINING, AND HIS PLANS FOR DEVELOPING THE MCGILL SCHOOL. A CHRONOLOGY TRACING THE HISTORY OF LIBRARY SCIENCE EDUCATION AT MCGILL IS APPENDED. ******************************************** Document 4485 QUALIFICATION OF LIBRARIANS AND INFORMATION SCIENTISTS. HAVING MENTIONED BRIEFLY THE IMPORTANCE OF LIBRARIES TO SOCIETY, AND ALSO COURSES OFFERED FOR PROSPECTIVE NON-GRADUATE AND GRADUATE LIBRARIANS AND INFORMATION SCIENTISTS IN SLOVAKIA, DISCUSSES CONTINUING EDUCATION AND IN-SERVICE TRAINING OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION CENTRE STAFF. SINCE 1976, THE SAID CONCEPT HAS ENJOYED OFFICIAL BACKING BY REGULATIONS ISSUED BY THE SLOVAK MINISTRY OF CULTURE. THE REGULATIONS ARE BINDING ON ALL CENTRAL AND OTHER MAJOR LIBRARIES. SO FAR, THE MOST IMPORTANT TRAINING PROJECTS HAVE BEEN LAUNCHED BY MATICA SLOVENSKA AND BY THE SLOVAK TECHNICAL LIBRARY. IN-SERVICE COURSES SHOULD NOT ONLY INCLUDE LECTURES, BUT ALSO WORK IN SEMINARS AND SMALLER GROUPS. VISITS TO SELECTED LIBRARIES AND DISCUSSIONS WITH THEIR STAFF STIMULATE THE EXCHANGE OF VIEWS AND IDEAS. FILMS AND OTHER ILLUSTRATIVE MATERIALS MUST BE USED MORE FULLY. GRADUATES, CONTINUING THEIR STUDIES ABROAD, MUST BE ENCOURAGED TO CONCENTRATE ON TOPICAL PROBLE MS, AND TO AIM AT POSTS WITH RESPONSIBILITY. USERS OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES HAVE TO BE EDUCATED AND TRAINED, TOO, TO MAKE THE BEST OF THE RESOURCES AVAILABLE. STARTING WITH UNDERGRADUATES, THE SCHEME MUST BE EXPANDED TO INVOLVE THE WHOLE NATION IN FUTURE. ******************************************** Document 4486 CONTINUING EDUCATION OF LIBRARIANS THROUGH PRIVATE STUDY. REPORT ON A 2-YEAR-SCHEME INTRODUCED BY THE CENTRAL REGIONAL LIBRARY IN RUSE, TO ENCOURAGE CONTINUING EDUCATION OF LIBRARIANS IN THE REGION THROUGH PRIVATE STUDY. INITIALLY, 75 TOPICS WERE OFFERED, AND 94% OF FULL-TIME LIBRARIANS TOOK PART IN THE SCHEME. EVEN PROFESSIONAL LIBRARIANS WITH 10, 15 AND MORE YEARS OF SERVICE WERE NOT EXCLUDED FROM THEORETICAL, CONTROVERSIAL AND/OR INNOVATIVE THEMES. THEY ALSO WIDELY EXPLORED SOVIET PERIODICALS AND LITERATURE IN RUSSIAN. THE ATTITUDE AND RESPONSE OF BEGINNERS AND SOME LIBRARY ASSISTANTS APPEARED TO BE LESS ENTERPRISING AND ENTHUSIASTIC, IN SOME CASES EVEN FORMAL. IT IS HOPED, HOWEVER, THAT THEIR PROFESSIONAL ETHICS WILL IMPROVE IN FUTURE. REGULAR MEETINGS WITH THEIR TUTORS, RESULTING IN THE INEVITABLE EXCHANGE OF VIEWS AND OPINIONS WERE OF BENEFICIAL INFLUENCE IN THE STUDY. A POSITIVE EVALUATION OF THE SCHEME MUST BE FOLLOWED BY FURTHER EXPERIMENTATION, SEARCHING AND STRIVING FOR IMPROVE MENT. ******************************************** Document 4487 A HISTORICAL DOCUMENT. REPRODUCTION OF THE TEXT OF THE 1917 PROGRAMME FOR THE 1ST COURSE IN LIBRARY SCIENCE IN BRAZIL, BEGUN AT THE NATIONAL LIBRARY IN 1911, WITH A BRIEF INTRODUCTION. THE PROGRAMME, COVERING BIBLIOGRAPHY, PALEOGRAPHY, ICONOGRAPHY AND NUMISMATICS, WAS DROPPED IN 1922. ******************************************** Document 4488 THE LIBRARIANS' UNION AND FUTURE EDUCATION FOR LIBRARIANSHIP. A GROUP OF STUDENTS AT THE DANISH LIBRARY SCHOOL CRITICISES THE LIBRARIANS' UNION FOR LACK OF POLICY ON EDUCATION FOR LIBRARIANSHIP, WHICH IS THE SUBJECT OF A COMMITTEE OF THE MINISTRY OF CULTURE, AND URGES IT TO INITIATE A DEBATE AMONG THE MEMBERS. THE GROUP PRESENTS ITS OWN SUGGESTIONS' MINOR SUBJECTS SHOULD BE GATHERED IN LARGER SUBJECT GROUPS; ACCOUNT SHOULD BE TAKEN IN TEACHING OF THE TREND TO LIBRARIES STAFFED BY A SINGLE LIBRARIAN; THE USE OF COMPUTERS SHOULD NOT BE A SUBJECT ON ITS OWN, BUT TAUGHT IN CONNECTION WITH ALL SUBJECT AREAS; TEACHING OF RUSSIAN COULD BE CONFINED TO TEACHING OF TRANSLITERATION UNDER CATALOGUING; THE TEACHING OF LITERATURE AND INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SHOULD GIVE A THEORETICAL BASIS FOR SEARCHING WITHIN ANY SUBJECT AREA AND NOT AIM TO GIVE THOROUGH KNOWLEDGE OF PARTICULAR SUBJECTS; AND THE NEW UNIFIED COURSE SHOULD NOT INCLUDE SPECIALISATION, BUT EMPHASISE THE COMMON ASPECTS OF EDUCATION FOR LIBRARI ANSHIP. ******************************************** Document 4489 EDUCATION FOR AMERICAN ARCHIVISTS' A VIEW FROM THE TRENCHES. REVIEWS THE SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ARCHIVES IN THE USA AND FACTORS INFLUENCING THE PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION OF ARCHIVISTS, PARTICULARLY AT THE GRADUATE LEVEL. ******************************************** Document 4490 PALAEOGRAPHY IN THE NATIONAL ARCHIVE. TEXT OF A PAPER DELIVERED AT A SYMPOSIUM IN THE CUBAN NATIONAL LIBRARY IN 1978. THE COLLECTION UNTIL RECENTLY CONTAINED VERY LITTLE MANUSCRIPT MATERIAL OF PARTICULAR INTEREST, AND NO STAFF WERE TRAINED IN SPANISH PALAEOGRAPHY. IN 1945 A GENERAL ARCHIVE TRAINING COURSE, WHICH INCLUDED PALAEOGRAPHY, WAS HELD, USING PHOTOCOPIES OF ORIGINALS. SINCE 1959, MANY LONG-STANDING PROJECTS HAVE BEEN REALISED, INCLUDING THE ACQUISITION OF LARGE MANUSCRIPT COLLECTIONS DATING FROM THE 16TH CENTURY, CONTAINING IMPORTANT DOCUMENTS FOR THE STUDY OF CUBA'S HISTORY. ACCORDINGLY, SINCE 1962, NEW TRAINING PROGRAMMES IN SPANISH PALAEOGRAPHY HAVE BEEN INITIATED. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF THE NEW MATERIAL STILL BEING ADDED TO THE ARCHIVE. ******************************************** Document 4491 ARCHIVAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING IN THE UNITED STATES, 1937 TO PRESENT. FROM ALMOST ITS INCEPTION IN 1937, ARCHIVAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING HAS BEEN PRIMARILY A POST-EMPLOYMENT EFFORT. THIS IS ATTRIBUTED TO THE INDIFFERENCE OF THE PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS IN BOTH THE FIELDS OF LIBRARIANSHIP AND HISTORY, THE 2 MAIN DISCIPLINES FROM WHICH MANUSCRIPT LIBRARIANS AND ARCHIVISTS ARE DRAWN. BETWEEN 1937-40 AND 1967-70, THE AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION BECAME PERIPHERALLY INTERESTED. THE HISTORY PROFESSION HAS BECOME MORE ACTIVE SINCE THE EARLY 1970S IN ITS SEARCH FOR ALTERNATIVE CAREERS FOR ASPIRING HISTORIANS. INDIVIDUAL LIBRARY SCHOOLS ALSO HAVE BEEN OFFERING ARCHIVAL MANAGEMENT COURSES SINCE THE EARLY 1960S PARTICULARLY. BY LACKING ACADEMIC STATUS, THE AMERICAN LITERATURE IN THE ARCHIVAL FIELD HAS ALSO BEEN UNDERDEVELOPED, AND THIS HAS CONTRIBUTED TO THE SLOWNESS IN DEVELOPING ADEQUATE INTELLECTUAL CONTROL OF ARCHIVAL/MANUSCRIPT SOURCES. AN ATTEMPT IN 1967-70 TO DEVELOP AN ARCHIVAL MANUAL WITHI N A.L.A. DIED ABORNING AND THE HISTORICAL ASSOCIATIONS AND SOCIETY OF AMERICAN ARCHIVISTS HAVE JUST BEGUN TO COPE WITH THE PROBLEM INDEPENDENTLY. PRACTICING ARCHIVISTS OF NECESSITY WILL CONTINUE TO BE THE MAIN TEACHER POOL AND CONTRIBUTORS TO THE LITERATURE UNTIL REGULAR FACULTY IN LIBRARY SCHOOLS AND HISTORY DEPARTMENTS HAVE BEEN ADEQUATELY TRAINED, BUT 1ST A BASIC REORIENTATION MUST OCCUR THAT RECOGNISES THAT RECORDS AND PAPERS OF CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY ARE THE CENTRAL PROBLEM. ******************************************** Document 4492 TEACHING ABOUT COMPUTERS AND LIBRARY AUTOMATION IN SCHOOLS OF LIBRARIANSHIP AND INFORMATION SCIENCE' A COMPARATIVE SURVEY. BEGINNING WITH A DETAILED ANALYSIS OF 24 PUBLISHED SURVEYS AND PROGRAMMES OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE CURRICULA FROM 1969-75, DISCUSSES THE PROFESSIONAL CONTINUITY IN CHANGING COURSES. A PARTICULAR PROBLEM IS MAINTAINING THE IDENTITY OF 'CORE STUDIES' IN PROFESSIONAL CURRICULA. THE CONTENT AND OBJECTIVES OF COMPUTER COURSES ARE LISTED AND DISCUSSED. THE COVERAGE OF THE AUTHOR'S OWN SURVEY IS EXPLAINED. ALL 17 SCHOOLS IN THE UK, 1 IN DUBLIN AND 13 IN EASTERN USA AND CANADA WERE VISITED IN 1978 INVOLVING INTERVIEWS WITH OVER 130 PEOPLE INDIVIDUALLY OR IN GROUPS. 10 SCHOOLS OVERSEAS PROVIDED FURTHER DATA IN QUESTIONNAIRES. THE RESULTS OF THE SURVEY BEGIN BY SUMMARISING THE VARIOUS STATED OBJECTIVES FOR COMPUTER COURSES. THERE FOLLOWS A REVIEW OF THE STRUCTURE OF SUCH COURSES AND THE VIEWS ON OPTIONS IN THIS SUBJECT. OUTLINING THE TITLES, CONTENT, DURATION AND STAF FING, REVIEWS, WITH SUPPORTING TABLES, COURSES FOR COMPUTER APPRECIATION, PROGRAMMING AND LIBRARY AUTOMATION. SEPARATE TABLES AND COMMENTARY COVER THE DATA FROM THE QUESTIONNAIRES. IN THE CONCLUSIONS, IT IS EMPHASISED THAT COMPUTING IS NOW AN ESSENTIAL PART OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION, THOUGH HOW MUCH AND FOR WHOM IS NOT YET DECIDED. ADVANCED COURSES WILL SOON BE NEEDED FOR THOSE WISHING TO SPECIALISE. ******************************************** Document 4493 COMPUTERS AND EDUCATION FOR LIBRARIANSHIP AND INFORMATION SCIENCE, WITH CURRICULUM SUGGESTIONS FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO NIGERIA. DATA PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY HAS BECOME A VITALLY IMPORTANT SUBJECT TO LIBRARIES, AND ADVANCES IN TECHNOLOGY AND INFORMATION HANDLING TECHNIQUES HAVE BROUGHT ABOUT CHANGES IN CONVENTIONAL LIBRARY OPERATIONS. LIBRARY SCHOOLS HAVE ADDED COURSES ON COMPUTERS, TO GIVE STUDENTS A KNOWLEDGE OF COMPUTERS AND ALLIED HARDWARE AND THEIR LIBRARY APPLICATIONS. STUDIES THE CURRENT PROVISION OF SUCH COURSES, PARTICULARLY IN THE UK AND USA, AND EXAMINES THE ADVISABILITY AND PRACTICAL PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH THE TEACHING OF COMPUTER COURSES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. IN ADDITION, CURRICULUM SUGGESTIONS ARE MADE FOR LIBRARY SCHOOLS IN DEVELOPING NATIONS. ******************************************** Document 4494 THE RETRIEVAL OF INFORMATION IN THE HUMANITIES AND THE SOCIAL SCIENCES' PROBLEMS AS AIDS TO LEARNING. DESIGNED TO ASSIST STUDENTS IN LEARNING TO RETRIEVE INFORMATION IN THE HUMANITIES/SOCIAL SCIENCES AND TO AID LIBRARY SCIENCE TEACHERS IN DEVISING REFERENCE QUESTIONS FOR THEIR STUDENTS. THE BOOK CONSISTS OF OVER 4000 QUESTIONS ARRANGED IN 13 BROAD SUBJECT AREAS. AN ANSWER KEY TO ALL THE QUESTIONS IS PUBLISHED SEPARATELY. ******************************************** Document 4495 THE 25TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION SCIENCE, PATENTS AND LAW AT ILMENAU TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY. THE ORGANISATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENTS AT THE INSTITUTE SINCE 1955 ARE DESCRIBED IN DETAIL. COURSES WERE ORIGINALLY ESTABLISHED TO PROVIDE INFORMATION ON RELEVANT MEDIA FOR ENGINEERS BUT IN 1968 A POSTGRADUATE CORRESPONDENCE COURSE ON INFORMATION AND DOCUMENTATION WAS BEGUN FOR GRADUATES IN SCIENCE OR TECHNOLOGY WITH SOME WORK EXPERIENCE IN INFORMATION SERVICES. IN 1981 A COURSE COMMENCED ON SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION FOR STUDENTS OF ELECTROTECHNOLOGY; SEVERAL SHORT COURSES AND SEMINARS ARE ALSO PROVIDED. MANY FOREIGN STUDENTS ATTEND INSTITUTE COURSES, WHICH HAVE AROUSED WORLDWIDE INTEREST. THE INSTITUTE WORKS CLOSELY WITH OTHER LIBRARIES AND INSTITUTES AT NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL LEVELS. THE PATENT COLLECTION IS PARTICULARLY VALUABLE FOR WORK WITH INDUSTRY. ******************************************** Document 4496 CONSERVATION AND COLLECTION MANAGEMENT' EDUCATIONAL PROBLEMS AND OPPORTUNITIES. LIBRARY AND ARCHIVAL CONSERVATION HAS SUFFERED FROM A LACK OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES IN THE USA. ITS EMPHASIS ON APPRENTICESHIP TRAINING CANNOT ENGENDER A CAPACITY FOR RESEARCH, BUT THE 4 GRADUATE PROGRAMS IN THE USA AND CANADA STRESS ART CONSERVATION WITH ITS ATTENDANT FOCUS ON ARTIFACT RESTORATION, RATHER THAN COLLECTION CONSERVATION IN ARCHIVES AND LIBRARIES. ALTHOUGH THE NATIONAL CONSERVATION ADVISORY COUNCIL HAS ADDRESSED THIS ISSUE, A.L.A.-ACCREDITED LIBRARY SCHOOLS PROGRAMMES HAVE BEEN SLOW TO RESPOND POSITIVELY. RECENT EFFORTS ARE DISCUSSED, ESPECIALLY THE CURRICULA AT COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY AND THE UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND. ******************************************** Document 4497 SURVEY OF EDUCATION NEEDS OF PRACTICE-ORIENTED LIBRARIES. PRESENTS THE RESULTS OF A SURVEY, CARRIED OUT FOR THE CANADIAN ASSOCIATION OF LAW LIBRARIES, COMMITTEE ON CONTINUING LEGAL EDUCATION FOR LAW LIBRARIANSHIP, TO DETERMINE THE CONTINUING EDUCATION NEEDS OF LAW FIRM AND COURT HOUSE LIBRARIANS. ******************************************** Document 4498 THE DELIVERY OF CONTINUING EDUCATION' TELECONFERENCING, AN ALTERNATIVE MODE. AN EXPERIMENTAL OFFERING OF THE MEDICAL LIBRARY ASSOCIATION'S CONTINUING EDUCATION COURSE CE 46, LIBRARY MANAGEMENT/BUDGETING WAS MADE AVAILABLE TO 16 HEALTH SCIENCES LIBRARIANS VIA THE UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-EDUCATION TELEPHONE NETWORK. FEATURES OF THE HARDWARE OF THE TELECONFERENCE NETWORK, A FEW APPLICATIONS RELATING TO MEDICINE AND LIBRARY SCIENCE, AND ADMINISTRATIVE CONSIDERATIONS ARE EXAMINED. DESCRIBES HOW THE EXPERIMENTAL COURSE WAS CONDUCTED, COURSE PARTICIPANTS, DESIGN, PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED, AND EVALUATION DATA OBTAINED FROM PARTICIPANTS. A COMPARISON BETWEEN THE TELECONFERENCING MODE OF DELIVERY AND THE TRADITIONAL FACE-TO-FACE FORMAT IS STRESSED. RECOMMENDATIONS CALL FOR CONTINUED CONSIDERATION OF TELECONFERENCING AS A METHOD OF DELIVERING CONTINUING EDUCATION COURSES AND SUGGEST THE POSSIBILITY OF MLA PROVIDING ITS OWN TELECONFERENCING NETWORK. ******************************************** Document 4499 ACTIVITIES OF STATE LIBRARY AGENCIES IN CONTINUING EDUCATION OF PROFESSIONAL PUBLIC LIBRARIANS. (PHD DISSERTATION-FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY.) ANALYSES THE ACTIVITIES OF STATE LIBRARY AGENCIES IN THE SOUTHEAST USA TO DETERMINE THEIR INVOLVEMENT IN PLANNING AND OFFERING CONTINUING EDUCATION OPPORTUNITIES TO PROFESSIONAL PUBLIC LIBRARIANS. ******************************************** Document 4500 THE SELECTION AND PREPARATION OF TEACHER-LIBRARIANS. (PHD THESIS-MONASH UNIVERSITY). A STUDY FOLLOWING A GROUP OF AUSTRALIAN TEACHERS WHO WERE SELECTED FOR SPECIALISED MID-SERVICE TRAINING IN TEACHER-LIBRARIANSHIP, TO DETERMINE THEIR CHARACTERISTICS AT ENTRY, ANY ATTITUDE CHANGES DURING TRAINING AND THE 1ST 6 MONTHS BACK IN SCHOOLS, AND ANY RELATIONSHIPS OF SUCH CHANGES TO THE ENTRY CHARACTERISTICS. ********************************************