Document 3001 PUBLIC LENDING RIGHT' SITUATION IN NEW ZEALAND AND AUSTRALIA. CONTRIBUTION TO A THEMATIC ISSUE ON PUBLIC LENDING RIGHT (PLR). NEW ZEALAND AND AUSTRALIA INTRODUCED PLR SCHEMES IN 1973 AND 1974 RESPECTIVELY. THERE WAS NO COOPERATION AND THE SCHEMES ARE DISSIMILAR. OUTLINES THE QUALIFICATION RULES FOR AUTHORS AND WORKS IN EACH SCHEME. UNLIKE AUSTRALIA, NEW ZEALAND DOES NOT MAKE PAYMENTS TO PUBLISHERS AND THE SCHEME'S INTRODUCTION INVOLVED CLOSE COOPERATION BETWEEN AUTHORS AND LIBRARIANS. IN AUSTRALIA, PAYMENTS ARE THE SAME AS IN 1973 DESPITE AN INCREASE IN THE CONSUMER PRICE INDEX OF NEARLY 100% AND DESPITE MANY ATTEMPTS TO INCREASE PAYMENTS. ******************************************** Document 3002 VIDEODISC-THE PROGRAMMING REALITIES. THE WORK OF THE NEBRASKA VIDEODISC DESIGN/PRODUCTION GROUP, WHICH HAS PRODUCED 33 DIFFERENT VIDEO DISC PROGRAMMES, IS REVIEWED AND THE PREMASTERING SERVICE WHICH THE GROUP OFFERS, COVERING ALL STEPS UP TO, BUT NOT INCLUDING, ACTUAL VIDEO DISC MASTERING IS DESCRIBED. 3 BASIC LEVELS OF INTERACTIVE CAPABILITY FOR VIDEO DISC PLAYERS AND PLAYER SYSTEMS ARE IDENTIFIED AND THE POTENTIAL AT EACH LEVEL FOR INTERACTIVITY IS ASSESSED. ******************************************** Document 3003 DIAL-A-SLIDE SERVICE FOR PRODUCERS. DESCRIBES THE VISUAL RESOURCES SYSTEM DEVELOPED BY THE UK COMPANY MARTAK FOR ITS COLLECTION OF OVER 50,000 SLIDES. A CUSTOMER'S REQUIREMENTS ARE RUN AGAINST THE COMPUTERISED INDEX AND THE COMPUTER SELECTS AND DISPLAYS DETAILS OF THE MOST APPROPRIATE SLIDE. A COPY OF THE SLIDE IS MADE AND DESPATCHED. MOST USERS ARE PRODUCERS OF TAPE/SLIDE PRESENTATIONS. MARTAK IS HOPING TO SERVICE THE COLLECTIONS OF OTHER COMPANIES AND IS TO MARKET A LESS COMPLEX VERSION OF THE SOFTWARE, ENABLING COMPANIES TO SORT OUT THEIR COLLECTIONS THEMSELVES. ******************************************** Document 3004 A STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE FEED-BACK ABILITY AND THE DENSITY AND RESOLUTION OF THE MICROFILM (IN CHINESE). SUCCESSFUL DUPLICATION OF MICROFILMS DEPENDS ON, 2INTER ALIA1, THE DENSITY AND RESOLUTION OF THE MICROFILMS. COMPARES THE MICROFILMING QUALITY REQUIREMENTS OF DOCUMENTS CONTAINING BOTH CHINESE CHARACTERS AND ROMAN LETTERS AND DOCUMENTS CONTAINING ROMAN LETTERS ONLY. ******************************************** Document 3005 THE RESOLUTION POWER OF MICROFILMS (IN CHINESE). IN ORDER TO HAVE A DEEPER UNDERSTANDING OF THE INFLUENCE OF RESOLUTION POWER ON MICROFILMS, DESCRIBES THE DETERMINING METHODS OF RESOLUTION POWER FOR FILM MANUFACTURING AND USER'S APPLICATION. THE EXPRESSION OF RESOLUTION POWER BY LINES PER MIN IS SOMETIMES CONFUSING, SO THE METHOD READABLE BY THE PATTERN FROM THE NBS RESOLUTION TEST CHART 1010A REGARDLESS OF THE REDUCTION RATIO HAS BEEN INTRODUCED. FURTHERMORE, USING THE QUALITY INDEX CHART, IT IS POSSIBLE TO UNDERSTAND THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE RESOLUTION POWER REQUIRED TO MICROFILM THE ORIGINALS CONTAINING ONLY ROMANIC LETTERS AND THOSE CONTAINING CHINESE CHARACTERS, WHICH ARE MUCH MORE COMPLICATED IN STRUCTURE. ******************************************** Document 3006 WHEN MONEY IS SCARCE CULTURAL LIFE MUST GROW. INTERVIEWS INGAR BECKMAN-HIRSCHFELDT, CHAIRMAN OF THE SWEDISH PUBLIC LIBRARIANS' UNION (SFF) IN CONNECTION WITH A CAMPAIGN ORGANISED BY DIK (DOCUMENTATION, INFORMATION, CULTURE), AN UMBRELLA ORGANIZATION OF 8 ASSOCIATIONS, OF WHICH SFF IS A MEMBER. THE CAMPAIGN AIMS TO PUT PRESSURE ON POLITICIANS UP TO THE TIME OF LOCAL AND GENERAL ELECTIONS IN 1982 AND DEMONSTRATE THE CONSEQUENCES OF CUTS; A DISCUSSION BOOK DESCRIBING THE PRESENT STATE OF CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS AND STATING ALTERNATIVES WHICH WOULD GIVE HIGHER PRIORITY TO CULTURE IS TO BE PUBLISHED. PUBLIC OPINION IS TO BE MOBILISED AND A CULTURAL PROGRAMME FOR DIK DRAWN UP. ALTHOUGH NO SECTION OF THE CAMPAIGN IS AIMED SPECIFICALLY AT LIBRARIES, DEMAND FOR A LIBRARY LAW TO ENSURE REASONABLE AND UNIFORM STANDARDS WILL BE MADE. CUTS IN CULTURAL SERVICES ARE UNACCEPTABLE TO DIK AND LIBRARIANS ARE URGED NOT TO COOPERATE IN SUGGESTING CUTS IN SERVICES AND MANPOWER. SFF EXPECTS LITTLE FROM THE PUBLIC LIBRARY COMMISSION, ON WHICH IT IS NOT REPRESENTED. ******************************************** Document 3007 AN ANALYSIS OF THE METHODS USED TO CONVEY INFORMATION ON COMPLEX BIOCHEMICAL STRUCTURES, BY REPRESENTATIONS AND CODING SYSTEMS. (MSC THESIS.) REPRESENTATIONS ARE VITAL FOR THE COMMUNICATION OF PROTEIN STRUCTURAL INFORMATION. THESE REPRESENTATIONS CAN BE CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO BIOCHEMICAL STRUCTURE, AND VARY IN COMPLEXITY AND METHOD OF PRODUCTION. MANY TYPES OF REPRESENTATION ARE NECESSARY TO FULLY DOCUMENT A PROTEIN STRUCTURE. INVESTIGATES THE PRIMARY LITERATURE OF PROTEIN STRUCTURE, AND THE METHODS USED BY BIOCHEMICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA BASES IN HANDLING PROTEIN STRUCTURES. EXPLORES ASPECTS OF NOMENCLATURE OF PROTEINS AND CODING SYSTEMS FOR PROTEINS, AND THE SUITABILITY OF NOERR STRUCTURES FOR STORING BIOCHEMICAL STRUCTURE. ******************************************** Document 3008 REGISTRATION OF HUNGARIAN DRUGS, ITS UTILITY FOR THEIR REGISTRATION IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES. THERAPEUTIC VALUE AND SIDE-EFFECTS OF, AND NECESSITY FOR DRUGS IN HUNGARY ARE SUPERVISED BY THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY, WITH CIRCULATION AUTHORISED BY THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH. REGISTRATION IS CARRIED OUT BY THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE, WHICH ALSO DETERMINES THE QUALITATIVE REQUIREMENTS OF THE PRODUCT AND CONFIRMS THE FACTORY'S USE AND DOSAGE INSTRUCTIONS. DRUG DOCUMENTATION IS HANDED OVER AFTER PRECLINICAL AND CLINICO-PHARMACOLOGICAL EXAMINATIONS, AND INCLUDES ANTECEDENTS OF THE ACTIVE AGENTS AND VEHICLES, AND DATA ON TOXICITY, AND CARCINOGENIC AND MUTAGENOUS PROPERTIES. REGISTRATION IS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR FOR EXPORT-MOST COUNTRIES REGISTER HUNGARIAN DRUGS ONLY AFTER THEY HAVE BEEN REGISTERED ALREADY IN HUNGARY. FOREIGN ACKNOWLEDGEMENT AND CIRCULATION OF A DRUG REQUIRE KNOWLEDGE ON REGISTRATION PRESCRIPTIONS IN THE PARTNER COUNTRIES. ******************************************** Document 3009 THE EVOLUTION OF AN INTERNATIONAL LIBRARY AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC COMMUNITY. CONTENDS THAT THE PRESENT FAR-REACHING SCOPE AND VARIETY OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC AND LIBRARY ACTIVITY AT THE INTERNATIONAL LEVEL, AS MANIFESTED IN THE WORK OF MANY DIFFERENT KINDS OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATION, ARE POSSIBLE ONLY BECAUSE OF THE EMERGENCE AFTER WORLD WAR I OF AN INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY WHICH DID NOT PREVIOUSLY EXIST. SUGGESTS WHY, IN THE PROFESSION OF LIBRARIANSHIP, THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS ORGANIZATION FOR INTELLECTUAL COOPERATION BECAME THE SYMBOL OF AND CENTRE FOR THIS COMMUNITY RATHER THAN THE PALAIS MONDIAL OR MUNDANEUM, CREATED BY PAUL OTLET AND HENRI LAFONTAINE IN BRUSSELS OVER 20 YEARS BEFORE. ******************************************** Document 3010 THE NATIONWIDE PROVISION AND USE OF INFORMATION: ASLIB/IIS/LA. DESCRIBES BRIEFLY THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1ST EVER JOINT CONFERENCE OF ASLIB, THE INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION SCIENTISTS, AND THE LIBRARY ASSOCIATION, HELD IN SHEFFIELD, 15-19 SEPT 80. THE THEME OF THE CONFERENCE WAS 'THE NATIONWIDE PROVISION AND USE OF INFORMATION'. SUMMARISES THE MAIN POINTS OF: PROFESSOR SAUNDERS' OPENING ADDRESS ON 'INFORMATION, THE UNSCARCE RESOURCE'; AND THE PAPERS PRESENTED BY KEN BAKEWELL, CHRISTINA BEALE AND ALAN WHEATLEY ON 'THE INDEX: ACCESS OR BARRIER TO INFORMATION'. (SEE 81/2966). ******************************************** Document 3011 LIBRARY AND INFORMATION ACTIVITIES IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES. (1) IMPRESSIONS OF HUNGARY. DISCUSSES A VISIT MADE BY THE AUTHOR TO HUNGARY IN ORDER TO ATTEND THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON 'APPLICATIONS OF STANDARDS IN INFORMATION' AND TO VISIT SEVERAL LIBRARIES AND ATTEND LECTURES AND MEETINGS CONCERNED WITH HUNGARIAN LIBRARIES. DESCRIBES VISITS TO THE NATIONAL LIBRARY, THE PARLIAMENT LIBRARY AND THE LIBRARY OF THE HUNGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. GIVES IMPRESSIONS OF HUNGARIAN LIFE IN GENERAL AND THE STATE OF HUNGARIAN LIBRARIANSHIP IN PARTICULAR. ******************************************** Document 3012 FROM RUSSIA...LIBRARYWISE. FEATURE ORIGINATING IN A 1980 STUDY VISIT BY A DELEGATION OF ITALIAN LIBRARIANS TO KIEV, MOSCOW AND LENINGRAD, INTRODUCED BY A TRANSLATION OF A UNESCO TEXT ON SOVIET LIBRARY SERVICES. A SERIES OF 5 TRANSLATIONS FROM RECENT SPECIALIST SOVIET JOURNALS PROVIDES DOCUMENTATION ON THE LENIN LIBRARY, REGIONAL LIBRARY NETWORKS, CHILDREN'S LIBRARIES, AND THE CAREERS ADVISORY SERVICE. ALSO INCLUDED ARE STATISTICAL NOTES ON THE KIEV LIBRARY FOR CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE, AND CONTENTS SUMMARIES OF 13 RECENT SOVIET TEXTS ON LIBRARY SCIENCE. ******************************************** Document 3013 IN THE SHADOW OF THE BLACK KRONE. REPORTS ON THE SWEDISH LIBRARY ASSOCIATION'S ANNUAL MEETING IN KIRUNA, JUNE 81. LIBRARIES WERE ACCUSED OF FIXATING ON LOAN FIGURES AND NEGLECTING QUALITY. PROTESTS AGAINST CUTS IN LIBRARY EXPENDITURE AND CALLS FOR A LIBRARY LAW HAVE COME FROM PUBLISHERS, AUTHORS AND TRADE UNIONS, AS WELL AS LIBRARIANS. BUT THE PUBLIC LIBRARY COMMISSION'S REMIT DOES NOT INCLUDE PROPOSALS FOR A LAW, NOR MAY IT RECOMMEND ACTION WHICH INVOLVES FURTHER EXPENDITURE. IT IS FOREMOST AN EXAMINATION OF THE STATUS QUO. IT HOPES TO DRAW ON THE FINDINGS OF THE DALA PROJECT, A LITERATURE CAMPAIGN STARTING IN AUTUMN 81. AN ACCOUNT OF THE VIDEOGRAM COMMISSION'S WORK WAS GIVEN; STRESS WAS LAID ON THE POSITIVE ASPECTS OF VIDEO, SUCH AS GREATER AVAILABILITY OF RARE AND UNPOPULAR FILMS AND AIDS FOR MINORITIES. A DISTRIBUTION NETWORK FOR SERIOUS VIDEO PRODUCTION INVOLVING LIBRARIES WAS CALLED FOR. A RESOLUTION AGAINST THE INTRODUCTION OF LENDING FEES AND FOR A LIBRARY LAW WAS REJECTED AS UNANI MITY AMONG REPRESENTATIVES WAS LACKING. ******************************************** Document 3014 ROLE OF SCIENTIFIC LIBRARIES IN THE NATIONAL INFORMATION SYSTEM. IN THE 1980S, BULGARIAN LIBRARIES MUST MEET THE COMMUNIST PARTY REQUIREMENTS TO BECOME IMPORTANT CONTRIBUTORS NOT ONLY TO THE COUNTRY'S TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS BUT ALSO TO THE POPULATION'S AESTHETIC EDUCATION. TO BECOME EQUAL PARTNERS IN THE NATIONAL INFORMATION SYSTEM, SCIENTIFIC LIBRARIES HAVE TO REASSESS THE POTENTIAL FOR, AND THE MEANS OF IMPLEMENTING LIBRARY COOPERATION AND COORDINATION IN RESPECT OF BUILDING UP THEIR BOOK COLLECTIONS. ACQUISITION OF PUBLICATIONS AND PERIODICALS FROM THE CAPITALIST COUNTRIES MUST, IN PARTICULAR, BE PLANNED VERY CAREFULLY CONSIDERING THE FOREIGN CURRENCY RESOURCES. ON THE OTHER HAND, LIBRARIES MUST CONSIDER AS THE 1ST AND FOREMOST DUTY THE DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION REGARDING THE ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE USSR AND OTHER SOCIALIST COUNTRIES FROM WHICH PUBLICATIONS ARE FREELY AVAILABLE. INTERLIBRARY LENDING MUST BE BACKED UP AND EXPEDITED BY EFFICIENT TELEX AND PHOTOCOPYING SERVICES. WELL-KEPT B IBLIOGRAPHIC RESOURCES NOT ONLY HAVE INFORMATION VALUE BUT THEY ALSO HELP IN ATTRACTING NEW READERS. ******************************************** Document 3015 THE CHANGING ROLE OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES' BACKGROUND PAPERS FROM THE WHITE HOUSE CONFERENCE. BACKGROUND PAPERS PREPARED FOR DELEGATES TO THE WHITE HOUSE CONFERENCE ON LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES (WHCLIS), WASHINGTON, DC., NOV 79. THE 6 PAPERS ARE' NEIGHBOURHOOD INFORMATION SERVICE CENTERS; SERVING CITIZENS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS; CAREER AND EMPLOYMENT INFORMATION SERVICES; CONTINUING EDUCATION SERVICES; NEW TECHNOLOGY FOR LIBRARIES; AND STRENGTHENING THE LIBRARY PROFESSION. ******************************************** Document 3016 TEXAS STATE LIBRARY' LIBRARY SERVICES AND CONSTRUCTION ACT, ANNUAL PROGRAM, FFY 1981. PLANS, OBJECTIVES, AND EXPECTED RESULTS FOR LIBRARY SERVICES AND CONSTRUCTION ACT PROGRAMME IN TEXAS ARE PRESENTED FOR 1981. STATEMENTS DOCUMENT THE NEED, OBJECTIVES, AND PRODUCTS, LSCA PRIORITY, TIMETABLE, AND SUGGESTED METHOD FOR EVALUATION FOR EACH OF 13 PROGRAMMES UNDER THE TITLE LIBRARY DEVELOPMENTS. APPLICATION GUIDELINES FOR LIBRARY ESTABLISHMENT AND LIBRARY COOPERATION INCENTIVE GRANTS ARE PROVIDED, AS WELL AS SUGGESTIONS FOR PREPARING SYSTEM PLANS AND BUDGETS FOR RESOURCE CENTRES. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 3017 TEXAS STATE LIBRARY' LIBRARY SERVICES AND CONSTRUCTION ACT, ANNUAL REPORT, FFY 1979 (INCLUDING FINAL REPORTS FOR FY 1978 CARRY OVER). THIS OVERVIEW OF DEVELOPMENTS IN PROGRAMMES AND PROJECTS FUNDED UNDER THE LIBRARY SERVICE AND CONSTRUCTION ACT IN 1979 ALSO PROVIDES INFORMATION ON THE ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES AND PROCEDURES OF THE LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT DIVISION OF THE TEXAS STATE LIBRARY IN ALLOCATING THESE FUNDS. BRIEF SUMMARIES REPORTING PROGRESS IN EACH AREA ARE FOLLOWED BY EVALUATION REPORTS. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 3018 ZZZZ. 1ST ISSUE OF A JOURNAL (PUBLISHED IN ENGLISH) AIMED AT REPORTING RESEARCH CARRIED OUT USING THE SPECIAL COLLECTIONS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN LIBRARIES AND TO PROVIDE A VEHICLE FOR THE PROFESSIONAL CONCERN OF UCT LIBRARIANS. IT IS INTENDED TO PRODUCE 1 ISSUE AT THE END OF EACH YEAR. J.W. JAGGER LIBRARY, UNIVERSTY OF CAPE TOWN, PRIVATE BAG, RONDEBOSCH, 7700, CAPE PROVINCE, SOUTH AFRICA. ******************************************** Document 3019 ZZZZ. 1ST ISSUE OF A NEW PERIODICAL PUBLISHED BY THE GROUP FOR LAW LIBRARIES AND DOCUMENTATION CENTRES IN THE NETHERLANDS. THE 1ST ISSUE CONTAINS ARTICLES ON THE HISTORY OF THE GROUP FOR LAW LIBRARIES, AND LEGAL DATA BANKS IN THE NETHERLANDS AND THE USA TOGETHER WITH BIBLIOGRAPHIES OF RECENT LEGAL THESES FROM DUTCH UNIVERSITIES AND BOOKS AND ARTICLES ON LAW LIBRARIANSHIP. ALSO INCLUDED ARE NOTICES OF THE GROUP'S ACTIVITIES AND NEWS OF MEMBERS. ******************************************** Document 3020 ZZZZ. FIRST ISSUE OF A JOURNAL FOR LAW LIBRARIANS AND THOSE WHO WORK WITH COLLECTIONS CENTERING AROUND REGIONAL RESEARCH. ITS AIMS ARE TO MEET THE NEEDS OF ALL REFERENCE LIBRARIANS WHO DEAL WITH THE INCREASING NUMBER OF REFERENCE QUESTIONS INVOLVING THE LAW, OR WHERE THE LEGAL ASPECT IS A PART OF THE COMPLETE REFERENCE ANSWER. THE JOURNAL IS TO BE PUBLISHED IN SPRING, SUMMER, AUTUMN AND WINTER, AND AN INDEX WILL BE INCLUDED IN THE WINTER ISSUE OF EACH VOLUME. SUBSCRIPTIONS ARE ON A CALENDAR YEAR, PER VOLUME BASIS, TO BE MADE IN US OR CANADIAN FUNDS ONLY-$25.00 INDIVIDUALS, $40.00 INSTITUTIONS AND LIBRARIES; ($25.00 AND $60.00 RESPECTIVELY FOR OVERSEAS ORDERS). POSTAGE AND HANDLING, US ORDERS ADD $1.50, CANADIAN ORDERS ADD $5.00 US OR $5.50 CANADIAN CURRENCY; FOREIGN ORDERS, ADD $10.00. (THE SUBSCRIPTION DEPARTMENT, THE HAWORTH PRESS, 149 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK NY 10010). ******************************************** Document 3021 GERMAN LIBRARY INSTITUTE PROJECT 'DOCUMENTATION OF LIBRARY SCIENCE' (DOBI). REPORT FOR 1980. A NEW BIBLIOGRAPHY IS PLANNED TO BRING TOGETHER ALL RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN LIBRARY SCIENCE AND TO FACILITATE THE EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION. IT WILL BE A CLASSIFIED LIST (15 MAIN DIVISIONS, AND 171 SUBDIVISIONS) WITH SEVERAL INDEXES, AND WILL SPECIALISE IN LISTING UNPUBLISHED OR OTHERWISE INACCESSIBLE MATERIAL. THE COMPUTERISED COMPILATION OF THE BIBLIOGRAPHY IS EXPLAINED AND A SAMPLE ISSUE WILL BE MADE AVAILABLE TO POTENTIAL USERS LATE IN 1981. ******************************************** Document 3022 FROM RESEARCH TO PRACTICE. MARGINAL NOTES ON THE RESULTS OF THE LIBRARIANSHIP RESEARCH PROGRAMME FOR 1976-1980. THE NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR LIBRARIANSHIP AND DOCUMENTATION FORMERLY ELABORATED A MIDDLE-RANGE RESEARCH PROGRAMME FOR HUNGARIAN LIBRARIES DURING 1976-80. THIS STUDY ASSESSES TO WHAT EXTENT THE PROGRAMME HAS BEEN CARRIED OUT. THE MOST ACTIVE AREAS OF DEVELOPMENT HAVE BEEN IN THE FIELD OF READING RESEARCH AND INVESTIGATIONS PRECEDING THE INTRODUCTION OF MECHANISED INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS. OTHER AREAS OF RESEARCH HAVE BEEN IN THE COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT FIELD AND EXPLORATION OF WRITTEN DOCUMENTS OF THE HUNGARIAN CULTURE. FINALLY, THE STUDY MAKES PROPOSALS FOR TRANSLATION OR ADAPTATION TO HUNGARIAN CIRCUMSTANCES OF SOME FUNDAMENTAL REFERENCE BOOKS PUBLISHED ABROAD ON LIBRARIANSHIP AND INFORMATION SCIENCE IN ORDER TO SYNTHESISE CURRENT KNOWLEDGE FOR PRACTICE AND EDUCATION. ******************************************** Document 3023 THE CONTENT AND ORGANISATION OF RESEARCH (EARLY RESULTS FROM THE FIRST 10 YEARS). SOVIET LIBRARIES HAVE SEEN A 25% INCREASE IN USAGE OVER THE LAST 10 YEARS. THIS EXPANSION HAS BEEN ACCOMPANIED BY A SIGNIFICANT DEVELOPMENT OF RESEARCH INTO LIBRARIANSHIP. RESOURCES HAVE BEEN CONCENTRATED ON THE STUDY OF SOME OF THE VERY REAL PROBLEMS OF LIBRARY GROWTH (THE SOCIAL FUNCTION OF LIBRARIES, WAYS OF IMPROVING BOTH IDEOLOGICAL AND INFORMATION WORK, ORGANISING LIBRARY SYSTEMS ON THE BASES OF CENTRALISATION AND COOPERATION), THE NUMBER OF PEOPLE AND PLACES INVOLVED IN RESEARCH HAS INCREASED AND THE SYSTEM OF DIRECTING RESEARCH HAS CHANGED WITH THE STRENGTHENING OF STATE CONTROL AND THE COORDINATION OF LONGTERM PLANNING. ******************************************** Document 3024 REFLECTIONS OF A BLACK LIBRARIAN. THE AUTHOR WAS RECRUITED INTO THE US LIBRARY PROFESSION IN THE 1950S BECAUSE OF AN EXPRESSED NEED FOR MORE BLACK MALE LIBRARIANS. HE DECIDED TO WORK IN BLACK ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS BECAUSE HE FELT HIS EXPERTISE WAS NEEDED THERE. THE CIRCUMSTANCES SURROUNDING SUCH ESTABLISHMENTS COMPELLED HIM TO GIVE QUALITY LIBRARY SERVICE WITH LIMITED FINANCIAL RESOURCES. CLAIMS THAT BECAUSE OF THIS BLACK LIBRARIANS HAVE TO BE TWICE AS GOOD. DISCUSSES THE UNIQUE ROLE OF BLACK LIBRARIANS IN THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM AND THE HURDLES THEY MUST CONQUER. ******************************************** Document 3025 HE BOUGHT 100 BOTTLES OF RED WINE AND WENT HOME AND BURIED HIMSELF IN DICKENS'S COLLECTED WORKS. A PORTRAIT OF KNUD LARSEN, 1895-1981. AFTER GRADUATING IN THEOLOGY FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN, HE OBTAINED EMPLOYMENT IN THE COMMERCIAL HIGH SCHOOL'S LIBRARY AND DEVELOPED IT FROM A COLLECTION OF BOOKS ON COMMERCE INTO A MODERN RESEARCH LIBRARY WITH 36,000 VOLUMES AND A STAFF OF 11 IN 1962. APART FROM LITERARY AND THEOLOGICAL WORKS HE WROTE HANDBOOKS FOR STUDENTS IN LIBRARY USE AND, WHILE ATTACHED TO UNESCO IN PARIS IN 1948-9, HIS MAIN WORK' 2NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SERVICES, THEIR CREATION AND OPERATION. 1AT THE AGE OF 67, LARSEN WENT TO UGANDA TO CREATE THE EAST AFRICAN LIBRARY SCHOOL AT THE MAKERERE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE. HIS LAST WORK FOR INTERNATIONAL LIBRARIANSHIP WAS THE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNESCO COURSES IN LIBRARIANSHIP AT THE DANISH LIBRARY SCHOOL IN 1966, 68, AND 70. ******************************************** Document 3026 CLARENCE E. WALTON AND THE HARVARD UNIVERSITY ARCHIVES. THE CONTRIBUTION OF CLARENCE E. WALTON, ASSISTANT LIBRARIAN AT HARVARD UNIVERSITY IN THE 30S AND 40S, TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE HARVARD UNIVERSITY ARCHIVES AND TO THE FIELD OF ARCHIVES GENERALLY IS REVIEWED. ******************************************** Document 3027 JUSTIN WINSOR' SCHOLAR-LIBRARIAN. TRACES THE CAREER OF JUSTIN WINSOR, WHO DIED IN 1897 WHILE SERVING HIS 9TH TERM AS PRESIDENT OF THE AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. HE WAS PRAISED FOR HIS MANY CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE PRACTICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL ASPECTS OF LIBRARIANSHIP. PART I DEALS WITH WINSOR'S LIFE AND CAREER WHICH INCLUDED THE POSITION OF SUPERINTENDENT OF BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY, AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE FOUNDING OF THE AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION AND SCHOLAR-LIBRARIAN AT HARVARD UNIVERSITY. PART II LISTS SELECTED WRITINGS OF WINSOR ON THE TOPICS; PUBLIC LIBRARIES, PROFESSIONALISM, ACADEMIC LIBRARIES, AND THE SCHOLARS CRAFT. PART III IS A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF WINSOR'S PUBLISHED AND UNPUBLISHED WORKS AND SECONDARY PUBLICATIONS. ******************************************** Document 3028 THE KATHOLIEK LITERATUUR CENTRUM (CATHOLIC LITERATURE CENTRE) IN A HISTORICAL MOVEMENT. THE CATHOLIC LITERATURE CENTRE IN THE NETHERLANDS WAS CREATED IN 1971 FROM THE KATHOLIEK BIBLIOTHEEK EN LECTUUR CENTRUM (CATHOLIC LIBRARY AND LITERATURE CENTRE). THE KBLC ITSELF WAS FORMED IN 1968 BY THE FUSION OF SEVERAL OLDER ORGANISATIONS, INCLUDING THE BOND VAN ROOMS-KATHOLIEKE OPENBARE LEESZALEN EN BOEKERIJEN (ASSOCIATION OF ROMAN CATHOLIC PUBLIC READING ROOMS AND LIBRARIES) AND THE KATHOLIEKE CENTRALE VERENIGING VOOR LECTUURVOORZIENING (CATHOLIC CENTRAL SOCIETY FOR LITERATURE PROVISION). AS AN EXTRAORDINARY MEMBER OF THE NEDERLANDS BIBLIOTHEEK EN LEKTUUR CENTRUM (DUTCH CENTRE FOR LIBRARIES AND LITERATURE) THE CENTRE AIMS TO REPRESENT THE INTERESTS OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH IN PUBLIC LIBRARY AFFAIRS AND IS ESPECIALLY CONCERNED TO PROMOTE THE INTERESTS OF CHRISTIAN ORGANISATIONS, SUCH AS THE INTERDENOMINATIONAL PEACE COUNCIL, PAX CHRISTI AND THE CENTRAL COMMISSION FOR MISSIONARY WORK THROUGH PUBLIC LIB RARIES. ******************************************** Document 3029 THE PRINCIPLES OF LIBRARIANSHIP. DESCRIBES PRINCIPLES OF LIBRARIANSHIP AS GUIDES FOR ACTION BY LIBRARIANS WHICH SHOULD APPLY TO ALL TYPES OF LIBRARIES AND SHOULD NOT BE CHANGED BY THE PASSAGE OF TIME OR TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT. DISCUSSES 2 MAIN PRINCIPLES' LIBRARIES ARE FOR USERS; AND LIBRARIES HAVE TO BE PAID FOR; AND MENTIONS SEVERAL OTHERS. PART 2 DEALS WITH THE APPLICATION OF THESE PRINCIPLES; TO THE SCIENCE REFERENCE LIBRARY, THE NATIONAL LENDING LIBRARY, AND TO THE STAFFING OF LIBRARIES AND LIBRARY RECORDS. IN CONCLUSION DISCUSSES THE REASONS WHY THESE PRINCIPLES ARE RARELY USED AND SUGGESTS FUTURE IMPROVEMENTS. ******************************************** Document 3030 CAN WE SERIOUSLY BELIEVE IN THE INTERDEPENDENCE OF ARCHIVES AND RECORDS MANAGEMENT IN NORTH AMERICA?. ARGUES THAT THE MANAGEMENT OF RECORDS AND ARCHIVES ARE 2 DISTINCT OCCUPATIONS, AND NOT 2 SPECIALIST BRANCHES OF THE ARCHIVE PROFESSION. ACKNOWLEDGES THE DESIRABILITY OF COLLABORATION BETWEEN THE 2, AND EXAMINES THE CONTRIBUTION OF EACH DEPARTMENT TO THE OTHER, BUT CONCLUDES THAT THE ATTEMPT TO ANNEX THE FIELD OF RECORDS MANAGEMENT TO ARCHIVE ADMINISTRATION IS ULTIMATELY AN ATTEMPT TO CREATE A MODERN IMAGE FOR THE PROFESSION BY IMPORTING EUROPEAN TERMINOLOGY INAPPROPRIATE TO THE NORTH AMERICAN ACTUALITY. ******************************************** Document 3031 SHODDY AND PERNICIOUS BOOKS AND YOUTHFUL PURITY' LITERARY AND MORAL CENSORSHIP, THEN AND NOW. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE 41ST CONFERENCE OF THE GRADUATE LIBRARY SCHOOL, UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, 16-17 MAY 80, CHILDREN'S ACCESS TO SERVICES AND MATERIALS IN SCHOOL AND PUBLIC LIBRARIES. THOUGH SOME LIBRARIANS AND TEACHERS BELIEVE CENSORSHIP IS A RECENT PHENOMENON, IT HAS BEEN A PART OF LIBRARIANS' LIVES FOR MORE THAN A CENTURY. INDEED, MANY LATE-19TH CENTURY LIBRARIANS REGARDED THEMSELVES PRIMARILY AS CENSORS, DUTY-BOUND TO PROTECT THE YOUNG FROM SHODDY AND PERNICIOUS BOOKS, ESPECIALLY FICTION. SOME LIBRARIANS AND TEACHERS TODAY CARRY ON THIS CENSORIAL TRADITION BY CIRCULATING OR TEACHING ONLY WORKS OF HIGH LITERARY MERIT OR THE PROPER MORAL CONTENT. THOSE CENSORING ON LITERARY GROUNDS OFTEN PROVIDE ONLY SUBJECTIVE CRITERIA, JUSTIFYING CENSORSHIP BY THEIR OWN PERSONAL TASTES. THOSE CENSORING ON MORAL GROUNDS OFTEN PROVIDE NO BETTER CRITERIA, JUSTIFYING CENSORSHIP BY THEIR OWN PERSONAL MORALITY. LIBR ARIANS AND TEACHERS HAVE NO RIGHT TO IMPOSE PERSONAL LITERARY OR MORAL STANDARDS ON THE PUBLIC, YOUNG OR OLD. THEY HAVE A DUTY TO PROVIDE MATERIALS OF ALL SORTS TO ALLOW CLIENTS AND STUDENTS TO SEARCH THROUGH AND SEEK OUT IDEAS. ******************************************** Document 3032 INFORMATION SYSTEMS THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS. SOME BASIC CONCEPTS CONCERNING INFORMATION SYSTEMS ARE DEFINED AND INVESTIGATED. WITH EVERY INFORMATION SYSTEM A QUERY LANGUAGE IS ASSOCIATED AND ITS SYNTAX AND SEMANTICS IS FORMALLY DEFINED. SOME ELEMENTARY PROPERTIES OF THE QUERY LANGUAGE ARE STATED. THE PRESENTED APPROACH LEADS TO A NEW INFORMATION SYSTEMS ORGANISATION. ******************************************** Document 3033 MEMEX' AS AN IMAGE OF POTENTIALITY IN INFORMATION RETRIEVAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.I N 1945, VANNEVAR BUSH WROTE AN ARTICLE URGING SCIENTISTS TO TURN TO THE TASK OF MAKING THE GROWING STORE OF KNOWLEDGE MORE ACCESSIBLE. (AS WE MAY THINK, 2ATLANTIC MONTHLY1 176 (1) 101-108). ONE DEVICE IN PARTICULAR WHICH HE URGED FOR DEVELOPMENT WAS THE MEMEX-'A MACHINE THAT SHOULD BE AN EXTENSION OF THE PERSONAL MEMORY AND BODY OF KNOWLEDGE BELONGING TO AN INDIVIDUAL, AND SHOULD WORK IN A FASHION ANALOGOUS TO THE WORKING OF THE HUMAN BRAIN-BY ASSOCIATION RATHER THAN BY CATEGORICAL CLASSIFICATION'. ASSESSES THE IMPACT OF BUSH'S IDEAS ON THE FIELD OF INFORMATION RETRIEVAL, USING BOTH QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS. THE 1945 ARTICLE HAS BEEN WIDELY CITED AND HAS BEEN USED AS A SYMBOL FOR A NUMBER OF CONCEPTS. ******************************************** Document 3034 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND THE SCIENCE OF INFORMATION. IN DEALING WITH THEORIES OF INFORMATION RATHER THAN OF DOCUMENTATION, ONE NEEDS TO USE THE SAME LOGARITHMIC MEASURES IN INFORMATION RETRIEVAL AS ARE USED IN THE ANALYSIS OF THE INTERNAL INFORMATION PROCESSES OF THE COMPUTER. ONE WOULD THEN BE DEALING WITH INFORMATION OBJECTIVELY THROUGHOUT, RATHER THAN A MIX OF OBJECTIVE AND SUBJECTIVE MEASURES. INFORMATION 2PER SE1 IS AN EMPTY CONCEPT. MAN NEEDS TO LEARN HOW TO RELATE INFORMATION MORE DIRECTLY TO KNOWLEDGE, AS A 1ST STEP OBSERVING THE GROWTH OF KNOWLEDGE STRUCTURES IN COMPACT FIELDS OF SCIENCE. A FIRMER METAPHYSIC FOR SUCH STUDIES IS NEEDED. ******************************************** Document 3035 GOVERNMENTS COME AND GO-ALA REMAINS. DESCRIBES THE AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. IT WAS FOUNDED IN 1876 AND HAS 35,000 MEMBERS IN THE USA AND CANADA. ITS MEMBERS ARE MAINLY INDIVIDUAL LIBRARIANS, BUT ALSO LIBRARY COMMITTEE MEMBERS, AUTHORS AND PUBLISHERS. ITS PUBLICATIONS ILLUSTRATE THE WIDE COVERAGE OF ITS ACTIVITIES' CATALOGUING RULES, LIBRARY PLANNING, EDUCATION, AUTOMATION, PR MATERIAL. IT DOES NOT ACT AS A TRADITIONAL TRADE UNION, BUT THE PRESSURE ON ITS OFFICE FOR LIBRARY PERSONNEL RESOURCES TO TAKE UP THE MATTER OF UNEQUAL PAY IS STRONG, ESPECIALLY FROM YOUNGER WOMEN, AND THE OFFICE IS NOW PUBLISHING ANNUAL SURVEYS OF SALARIES. IN LINE WITH THIS, THE ALA IS BOYCOTTING STATES WHO HAVE NOT RATIFIED THE EQUAL RIGHTS AMENDMENT, A DECISION WHICH HAS CAUSED FRICTION IN THE ASSOCIATION. ALTHOUGH THE REAGAN ADMINISTRATION HAS MEANT CUTS FOR LIBRARIES, THE ALA IS CONFIDENT THAT IT CAN RIDE THE STORM. ******************************************** Document 3036 YEARS OF FID.SPE CIAL ISSUE COVERING VARIOUS ASPECTS OF FID (INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION FOR DOCUMENTATION) AND CONTAINING THE FOLLOWING' THE INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION FOR DOCUMENTATION, BY HELMUT ARNTZ; PRESENT AND IMMEDIATE FUTURE OF THE FID, BY RICARDO A. GIETZ; INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION FOR DOCUMENTATION' PRESENT OPERATION, STRUCTURE AND ACTIVITIES, BY KENNETH R. BROWN; THE MEDIUM-TERM PROGRAMME OF THE INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION FOR DOCUMENTATION FOR 1981-1984, BY PETER LAZAR; ACTIVITIES OF THE FID COMMITTEE FOR RESEARCH ON THE THEORETICAL BASIS OF INFORMATION (FID/RI), BY VYACHESLAV YU. AFREMOV; 35 YEARS OF FID/CR (CLASSIFICATION RESEARCH), BY INGETRAUT DAHLBERG; FID/DT (TERMINOLOGY OF INFORMATION AND DOCUMENTATION)' CURRENT STATE AND FUTURE PROSPECTS, BY VALENTINA I. GORKOVA; SOCIAL SCIENCE INFORMATION AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, BY TAMAS FOLDI; AND FID PUBLISHING ACTIVITIES, BY NINA E. CHEREDNIK. ******************************************** Document 3037 HISTORY OF THE MALAWI LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. A BRIEF OUTLINE OF THE HISTORY OF THE MALAWI LIBRARY ASSOCIATION, DESCRIBING THE 1ST MEETINGS IN 1975, THE ELECTION OF A STEERING COMMITTEE AND THE INAUGURATION AT CHANCELLOR COLLEGE ON 30 APR 76 WITH RODERICK MABOMBA AS CHAIRMAN AND DR. H. KANUZU BANDA AS PATRON. TOUCHES ON MORE RECENT DEVELOPMENTS. ******************************************** Document 3038 LIBRARY SKILLS. THIS WORKBOOK DESIGNED FOR A BASIC LIBRARY SKILLS COURSE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI ALSO SERVES AS A COMPONENT FOR OTHER LIBRARY USE AND RESEARCH COURSES. IT IS STRUCTURED TO INTRODUCE THE STUDENT TO THE EFFICIENT AND EFFECTIVE USE OF THE LIBRARIES AND THEIR RESOURCES AND TO PROVIDE ELEMENTARY INSTRUCTION IN THE RESEARCH PROCESS. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 3039 AN INTERNATIONAL STRUCTURE FOR LIBRARY EDUCATION. DESCRIBES A PROPOSED INTERNATIONAL STRUCTURE FOR LIBRARY EDUCATION WHICH WOULD ESTABLISH A BASE FOR THE EFFECTIVE PLANNING AND COORDINATION OF WORLD WIDE ACTIVITIES IN AND RELATED TO THE EDUCATION OF LIBRARIANS AND INFORMATION SPECIALISTS. THIS STRUCTURE IS CENTRED ON A COORDINATING COUNCIL (CC) AND A STANDING CONFERENCE OF LIBRARY EDUCATORS (SC). DISCUSSES SOME OF THE POTENTIAL ACTIVITIES OF THESE BODIES WHICH INCLUDE; THE ESTABLISHMENT OF LIBRARY SCHOOLS; IMPROVEMENT OF NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURES; PUBLISHING; APPRAISAL AND CERTIFICATION OF PROGRAMMES; AND PROMOTION OF TEACHING METHODOLOGY. ******************************************** Document 3040 THE CHANCES OF A UNIVERSITY EDUCATION WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF COMMUNICATION SCIENCES FOR LIBRARIANS IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES. IN BERLIN THE LIBRARY SCHOOL IS NOW COMPLETELY INTEGRATED INTO THE UNIVERSITY AS PART OF THE COMMUNICATION SCIENCE FACULTY, THE 1ST TIME THAT THIS HAS OCCURRED IN GERMANY. OBJECTIONS TO UNIVERSITY STATUS FOR LIBRARIANSHIP COURSES WERE FORMERLY MADE ON THE GROUNDS THAT THE LIBRARIANSHIP COURSES OCCUPY ONLY 6 SEMESTERS WHERE OTHER UNIVERSITY COURSES REQUIRE 8 OR 9 AND THAT A UNIVERSITY COURSE WOULD PROVIDE INADEQUATE PRACTICAL TRAINING. IF LIBRARIANSHIP IS TO BE REGARDED AS PART OF COMMUNICATION SCIENCE NEW THEORETIC FIELDS MUST BE DEVELOPED WHICH WILL AFFECT LIBRARIANSHIP TRAINING. LIBRARIANS MUST BE TRAINED IN CRITICAL MEDIA SELECTION AND INFORMATION DISSEMINATION; IN PUBLIC LIBRARIANSHIP PERSONAL COMMUNICATION BETWEEN STAFF AND READERS MUST BE IMPROVED TO COUNTERACT THE IMPERSONAL EFFECTS OF INCREASING CENTRALISATION. LIBRARIANS NEED A BETTER GENERAL EDUCATION AND KNOWLEDGE OF CONNECTED ACADEMIC SUBJECTS LIKE SOCIOLOGY AND PSYCHOLOGY. ******************************************** Document 3041 STATE OF THE ART IN LIBRARY TRAINING AND EXTENSION TRAINING OF LIBRARIANS. AN ABRIDGED VERSION OF THE PROPOSALS PREPARED BY A WORKING COMMITTEE OF THE HUNGARIAN COUNCIL OF LIBRARIES RELATING TO THE CONTENT, ORGANISATIONAL AND QUANTITATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF LIBRARY TRAINING, WHICH IN THE PAST HAS NOT KEPT PACE WITH THE INCREASE IN STAFF NUMBERS WORKING IN THE FIELD NOR WITH THE DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH OF KNOWLEDGE NECESSARY FOR BOTH THE LIBRARIAN AND THE INFORMATION SPECIALIST. ******************************************** Document 3042 COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LIBRARY SCIENCE EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES AND INDIA. MAKES A CRITICAL STUDY OF LIBRARY SCIENCE EDUCATION IN INDIA AND THE USA. REVEALS THAT THE COURSE CONTENT OF LIBRARY SCIENCE IN US LIBRARY SCHOOLS IS COMPARABLE TO THAT OF INDIAN LIBRARY SCHOOLS. REVIEWS AND COMPARES THE VARIOUS COURSES THAT ARE OFFERED IN THE 2 COUNTRIES. ANALYSES THE ROLES OF THE AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION AND THE UNIVERSITY GRANTS COMMISSION IN PROMOTING LIBRARY SCIENCE EDUCATION IN THE US AND INDIA RESPECTIVELY. ******************************************** Document 3043 LIBRARY EDUCATION FROM 3 PERSPECTIVES' COGNITIVE, CYBERNETIC, AND DEVELOPMENTAL. LIBRARY EDUCATION HAS BEEN PART OF THE US HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM SINCE 1870. IT REMAINED POPULAR UNTIL WORLD WAR II AND THEN THERE WAS A SUDDEN DROP IN POPULARITY. IT WAS REVIVED ONLY IN THE LATE 1950S AND EARLY 60S. ANALYSES THE LIBRARY EDUCATION PROGRAMME IN TERMS OF LEARNING, TEACHING, CURRICULUM AND EVALUATION FROM COGNITIVE, CYBERNETIC AND DEVELOPMENTAL PERSPECTIVES. DISCUSSES A 3 PART PROGRAMME WHICH WAS DEVELOPED AND IMPLEMENTED SUCESSFULLY AT COLGATE UNIVERSITY. PROGRAMMES OF THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY AND UNIVERSITY OF DENVER ARE ALSO DISCUSSED. THE EXPERIENCE OF LIBRARIANS IS THAT IT IS EASY FOR STUDENTS TO LEARN THE BROADER CONCEPTS OF THE USAGE OF THE LIBRARY AND DO RESEARCH, RATHER THAN REMEMBER MANY TITLES FOR EACH SUBJECT OF THEIR RESEARCH. ******************************************** Document 3044 SOME PROBLEMS WITH PART-TIME COURSES IN LIBRARIANSHIP. IN ADDITION TO FULLTIME COURSES OFFERED BY THE SCHOOL OF LIBRARIANSHIP IN SOFIA, PART-TIME COURSES, I.E. IN-SERVICE COURSES, HELP TO INCREASE THE NUMBER OF QUALIFIED LIBRARIANS. FROM 1960 TO 1976, 936 PART-TIME STUDENTS ENROLLED, AND 834, I.E. 89%, COMPLETED THEIR STUDIES INCLUDING 16 STUDENTS FROM THE CYRIL AND METHODIUS NATIONAL LIBRARY. 99% OF THE STUDENTS WERE WOMEN, WHO WERE FORCED FREQUENTLY TO EXTEND THEIR STUDIES BEYOND 3 YEARS BECAUSE OF MATERNITY LEAVE, ILLNESS AND OTHER REASONS. IN FUTURE, THE CENTRAL LIBRARIES, IN PARTICULAR, MUST HELP TO SELECT SUITABLE CANDIDATES AS PROSPECTIVE PART-TIME STUDENTS. LIBRARIES ALSO HAVE A DUTY TO INTENSIFY THEIR ASSISTANCE TO ENROLLED PART-TIME STUDENTS, PROVIDE HELP DURING THE COURSE AS WELL AS TO ASSIST THOSE STUDENTS WHO ARE PREPARING FOR FINAL EXAMINATIONS AND THESES. ONLY THEN CAN PART-TIME COURSES GRADUALLY BECOME AN EQUIVALENT TO FULLTIME STUDY. ******************************************** Document 3045 A STUDY OF CONTINUING EDUCATION ACTIVITIES OF THREE NATIONAL LIBRARY ASSOCIATIONS. REPORTS FINDINGS ON EXISTING CONTINUING LIBRARY EDUCATION AND EXPLORES THE SCOPE AND FUNCTION OF CONTINUING EDUCATION PROGRAMMES OFFERED TO LIBRARY PERSONNEL BY NATIONAL LIBRARY ASSOCIATIONS. IT ALSO PROVIDES ADDITIONAL INFORMATION TO ASSIST LIBRARY ASSOCIATIONS IN PROGRAMME DEVELOPMENT OR MODIFICATION. A LITERATURE SEARCH ON CONTINUING EDUCATION MODELS, A DATA COLLECTION SHEET, AND A DATA SUMMARY ARE INCLUDED. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 3046 OPTIMIZING SELECTION OF LIBRARY SCHOOL STUDENTS. ATTEMPTS TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ADMISSION REQUIREMENTS SUCH AS GRADE POINT AVERAGE, GRE TEST SCORES, PERSONAL REFERENCES, WORK EXPERIENCE AND PERSONAL GOALS STATEMENTS IN PREDICTING STUDENT PERFORMANCE IN SPECIFIC LIBRARY SCIENCE CLASSES AND THROUGHOUT A LIBRARY SCHOOL MASTER'S DEGREE PROGRAMME. SUGGESTS THAT THE FACTORS WHICH PREDICT PERFORMANCE BEST ARE DIFFERENT FOR EACH CLASS, BUT PREVIOUS GRADE POINT AVERAGE AND THE GRE QUANTITATIVE TEST SCORE PREDICT OVERALL STUDENT PERFORMANCE BETTER THAN ANY OTHER TEST VARIABLES. ******************************************** Document 3047 MANUAL OF PROCEDURES FOR EVALUATION VISITS UNDER STANDARDS OF ACCREDITATION. THIS FULLY REVISED MANUAL OF PROCEDURES FOR EVALUATION VISITS PRESENTS GUIDELINES FOR SITE VISITS TO LIBRARY SCHOOLS SEEKING ACCREDITATION FOR THEIR PROGRAMMES OF STUDY. VISITS TO SUCH SCHOOLS PROVIDE THE COMMITTEE ON ACCREDITATION WITH DATA TO ASSIST IN REACHING A JUDGMENT WHETHER TO GRANT ACCREDITED STATUS. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 3048 SELF-STUDY' A GUIDE TO THE PROCESS AND TO THE PREPARATION OF A REPORT FOR THE COMMITTEE ON ACCREDITATION OF THE AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. A STANDARD REQUIREMENT OF THE ACCREDITATION PROCESS, THE SELF STUDY REPORT PREPARED BY REQUESTING LIBRARY SCHOOLS, IS NECESSARY DOCUMENTATION FOR THE ACCREDITATION REQUEST AND POSSIBLE SITE VISIT BY THE COMMITTEE ON ACCREDITATION OF THE AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. THIS GUIDE PRESENTS THE DETAILED PROCEDURES FOR ACCOMPLISHMENT OF THIS STUDY. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 3049 TRAINING INFORMATION SCIENCE PROFESSIONALS. DISCUSSES ISSUES RAISED IN CURRICULUM PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT FOR A POSTGRADUATE COURSE IN INFORMATION SCIENCE. CONSIDERS INFORMATION SCIENCE AS AN INTERDISCIPLINARY SUBJECT AREA CONCERNED WITH THE EFFICIENT COMMUNICATION OF ITS SUBSTANTIVE NUCLEUS, INFORMATION. ACCORDINGLY, TEACHING PROGRAMMES ARE REQUIRED TO COVER BOTH ACADEMIC INSTRUCTION AND PRACTICAL APPLICATION, WITH THE CURRICULUM ITSELF SERVING AS A MODEL OF EFFICIENT COMMUNICATION. THE QUESTION THEN NECESSARILY ARISES WHETHER COURSES SHOULD BE ORIENTED TOWARDS INSTILLING THE EXISTING CORPUS OF COGNITIVE INFORMATION, OR IN DEVELOPING CAPABILITIES FOR DEALING WITH PRESENT AND FUTURE NEEDS. WHEREAS ACADEMIC TRAINING EMPHASISES THE SEARCH FOR TRUTH, PROFESSIONAL TRAINING REQUIRES PREPARATION FOR DECISION MAKING. PROPOSES IN CONCLUSION A MODEL OF CURRICULUM ORGANISATION ENCOMPASSING BOTH THEORY AND APPLICATION. ******************************************** Document 3050 THE BLAISE/MARC FILES' AN INVESTIGATION INTO THEIR USE AND VALUE IN TEACHING. DESCRIBES RESEARCH ON THE USE OF THE BLAISE/MARC FILES IN TEACHING STUDENTS OF LIBRARIANSHIP THE PRINCIPLES AND METHODS OF ON-LINE INFORMATION RETRIEVAL AND CATALOGUING. THE FACILITIES OFFERED BY AN HP2645A TERMINAL WERE INVESTIGATED IN 2 WAYS' (1) BY USING THE TERMINAL TO ACCESS THE BLAISE/MARC FILES AND (2) BY USING THE TERMINAL ON ITS OWN AS A TEACHING TOOL. THE REPORT DISCUSSES THE PROBLEMS OF USING THE TERMINAL'S RESOURCES, SUCH AS ITS STORAGE, EDITING AND PROGRAMMING CAPABILITIES. A NUMBER OF CONCLUSIONS ARE DRAWN INCLUDING THE NEED FOR BETTER DOCUMENTATION FOR THE TERMINAL, AND FOR USING THE BLAISE/MARC FILES TO PRODUCE SELF-INSTRUCTIONAL TEACHING PACKAGES FOR STUDENTS. ******************************************** Document 3051 TRAINING IN ON-LINE CATALOGUING IN AN ACADEMIC SETTING. IN AN EFFORT TO DETERMINE THE MOST EFFECTIVE MEANS OF TRAINING LIBRARY SCHOOL STUDENTS FOR LATER PERFORMANCE AS ON-LINE CATALOGUERS, EXAMINES THE METHODS OF SIMULATION, DIAL-UP ACCESS TO ESTABLISHED BIBLIOGRAPHIC NETWORKS, AND THE USE OF A CRT TERMINAL DEDICATED TO ONE SUCH NETWORK. ANALYSIS OF THE PROBLEM INDICATED THAT 2 MODES OF TRAINING ARE REQUIRED' DEVELOPMENT OF THE INTELLECTUAL CAPACITY FOR ORIGINAL CATALOGUING; AND INCULCATION OF USER-COMPUTER INTERACTIVE FACILITY. ******************************************** Document 3052 TRAINING TECHNIQUES FOR CHEMICAL SEARCHING ONLINE: CONSIDERATIONS IN DESIGNING A COURSE IN CONTINUING EDUCATION. BACKGROUND CONSIDERATIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A CONTINUING EDUCATION COURSE IN 'SEARCHING THE CHEMICAL LITERATURE IN THE HEALTH SCIENCES' FOR THE MEDICAL LIBRARY ASSOCIATION ARE DELINEATED. THE INTEREST OF ASSOCIATION MEMBERS IN SUBJECT-ORIENTED COURSES IN ON-LINE SEARCHING IS DISCUSSED WITH SPECIAL MENTION OF THE STANDING COMMITTEE FOR ONLINE RETRIEVAL EDUCATION (SCORE) OF THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE. DISTINCTIONS BETWEEN BIBLIOGRAPHIC AND FACTUAL DATA BASES ARE OUTLINED. ******************************************** Document 3053 SOURCES FOR THE HISTORY OF CLIMATE. WORK PRESENTED IN 1979 AT A COURSE ON ARCHIVES IN THE UNIVERSITY OF MONTREAL HISTORY DEPARTMENT. THE 1ST SECTION DETAILS THE POSSIBLE DATA SOURCES' METEOROLOGICAL READINGS; TREE DATING; HARVEST RECORDS; EMPIRICAL QUALITATIVE CLIMATE OBSERVATIONS; AND GLACIER STUDIES. THE 2ND SECTION DISCUSSES THE DIFFICULTIES INVOLVED IN GATHERING ADEQUATE SCIENTIFIC MATERIALS IN EACH CASE, AND CONCLUDES BY EMPHASISING THAT THE HISTORY OF CLIMATE IS NECESSARILY AN INTER-DISCIPLINARY AND COMPARATIVE FIELD WHERE THE ROLE OF THE ARCHIVIST IS FUNDAMENTAL. ******************************************** Document 3054 INFORMATION IS POWER: THE LIBRARY AS A RESOURCE. TRANSLATED BY TAMAS VOLGYES. IN A RAPIDLY DEVELOPING AND STEADILY CHANGING WORLD, EXAMINES THE ROLE OF INFORMATION AND OF ACCUMULATED HUMAN KNOWLEDGE. OUTLINES THE LACK OF INFORMATION IN SOME AREAS AND THE LIBRARIAN'S ROLE IN ELIMINATING, OR AT LEAST ALLEVIATING THIS PROBLEM, WITH UP TO DATE SERVICES. LIBRARY FUNCTIONS MUST BE EXTENDED AND TRAINING DEVELOPED. ******************************************** Document 3055 HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OF THE WORLD'S ANCIENT LIBRARIES. AN ACCOUNT OF THE WORLD'S 2 MOST ANCIENT LIBRARIES, THE LIBRARY AT NINEVEH AND THE ALEXANDRIAN LIBRARY, WHICH FLOURISHED OVER 4,000 YEARS AGO. DISCUSSES THEIR ORIGINS AND ORIGINATORS; DESCRIBES THE ARRANGEMENT OF THEIR CONTENTS; AND ASSESSES HOW MODERN THEIR ORGANISERS WERE IN THEIR THINKING OF THE PRINCIPLES OF LIBRARIANSHIP. ******************************************** Document 3056 LEIPZIG-WELL WORTH A VISIT. REPORTS ON A VISIT TO LEIPZIG IN CONNECTION WITH IFLA'S 47TH CONGRESS HELD THERE IN AUG 81. THE PRESIDENT, ELSE GRANHEIM, STRESSED THAT LIBRARIES ARE ALSO FOR THE DISABLED AND POINTED TO THE IMPORTANCE OF FREE ACCESS TO INFORMATION. DESCRIBES A VISIT TO A BRANCH LIBRARY IN LEIPZIG. IT WAS WELL PROVIDED WITH BOOKS, JOURNALS, RECORDS AND REPRODUCTIONS AND HAD ARRANGEMENTS FOR CHILDREN AND ADULTS. THERE ARE ABOUT 70 LIBRARIES AT LARGER PLACES OF WORK UNDER TRADE UNION LEADERSHIP AND ABOUT 280 VOLUNTARY BOOK COLLECTIONS IN KINDERGARTENS, SCHOOLS, BLOCKS OF FLATS AND SMALLER WORKPLACES. A VISIT WAS ALSO PAID TO THE ZENTRALBIBLIOTHEK DER DEUTSCHEN KLASSIK IN WEIMAR. IN ALL, THE AUTHORS FOUND SYMPATHETIC, INQUIRING PEOPLE DESPITE THE OFFICIAL LACK OF FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION. ******************************************** Document 3057 CAMPANIA' ASPECTS OF THE LIBRARY SITUATION. A COMPREHENSIVE DESCRIPTION OF EXISTING SERVICES IN A SOUTHERN ITALIAN REGION BEFORE THE EARTHQUAKE IN NOV 80, SHOWING THE TOTAL INADEQUACY OF LIBRARY PROVISION, AND ABSENCE OF ANY OFFICIAL RECOGNITION OF THE NEED FOR LEGISLATIVE INITIATIVES AND A COMPREHENSIVE POLICY TO DEVELOP SERVICES AND PROVIDE TRAINING FOR LIBRARIANS. RELIABLE STATISTICS ARE UNAVAILABLE, BUT SUFFICIENT EVIDENCE IS PRESENTED TO DEMONSTRATE THAT BOTH IN NAPLES AND THROUGHOUT THE REGION, THE MAJORITY OF LIBRARIES ARE RESTRICTED TO UNIVERSITY USERS OR OTHER PRIVILEGED GROUPS, AND PUBLIC ACCESS TO READING IS EXTREMELY LIMITED. ANY ACTIVITIES TO DEVELOP LIBRARY SERVICES HAVE BEEN ISOLATED INITIATIVES, WITHOUT RECOGNITION OF THE IMPORTANCE OF THE ROLE OF THE LIBRARY IN THE COMMUNITY; EXPANSION IS HAPHAZARD AND THE CONCEPTS OF LIBRARY COOPERATION AND NETWORK PLANNING UTTERLY UNKNOWN. SUGGESTIONS ARE MADE FOR THE CREATION OF REGIONAL CENTRES AS A 1ST STEP IN AMELIORATING THE SITUATI ON. A NOTE CALLS ATTENTION TO THE INCREASED URGENCY FOR ACTION FOLLOWING DESTRUCTION OF LIBRARY BUILDINGS BY EARTHQUAKE, AND AN APPENDIX DEALS WITH THE PROBLEMS OF RESCUING ARCHIVES NOW AT RISK BECAUSE OF EARTHQUAKE DAMAGE. ******************************************** Document 3058 SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL LIBRARIES. THE 12TH CONGRESS OF THE BULGARIAN COMMUNIST PARTY SET IMPORTANT TARGETS IN RESPECT OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMIC GROWTH, THE RESULT OF INTENSIVE APPLICATION OF CHEMISTRY, AUTOMATION AND ROBOTICS. SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL LIBRARIES HAVE A SIGNIFICANT PART TO PLAY ASSISTING WITH THEIR SERVICES IN IMPLEMENTATION OF THE TARGETS. THE MAJORITY OF YOUNG SCIENTISTS HAVE A GOOD COMMAND OF AT LEAST 1 WESTERN LANGUAGE AND RUSSIAN LITERATURE IS IN GENERAL USE. HOWEVER, THERE IS STILL MUCH TO BE DONE TO ATTRACT SCIENTISTS AND OTHER EXPERTS WHO HAVE BEEN AVOIDING LIBRARIES SO FAR. PERSONAL RAPPORT WITH SUCH PEOPLE IS DECISIVE AND LIBRARIANS SHOULD DRAW IDEAS FROM INSTRUCTIVE PUBLICATIONS ISSUED FOR THIS PURPOSE BY MANY CENTRAL LIBRARIES. IN ADDITION TO BOOKS, PERIODICALS, PATENTS, TRADE CATALOGUES AND SECONDARY INFORMATION SOURCES HAVE TO BE UTILISED TO THE FULL. LIBRARIES NEED EQUIPMENT TO BE ABLE TO OFFER TO THEIR READERS INFORMATION ON MICROFORM. ******************************************** Document 3059 IV INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON MEDICAL LIBRARIANSHIP. THE WORK OF THE CONGRESS DUE TO BE HELD IN BELGRADE IN SEPTEMBER 1980, AND ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTS ARE SUMMARISED. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER WORK IN MEDICAL LIBRARIANSHIP ARE OUTLINED. ******************************************** Document 3060 STUDY TOUR OF HELSINKI, 6-12 DECEMBER 80. WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE FINNISH-HUNGARIAN HEALTH AGREEMENT, THE DIRECTOR OF THE MEDICAL INFORMATION CENTRE, HUNGARY, HAD THE OPPORTUNITY TO STUDY THE WORK OF THE CENTRAL MEDICAL LIBRARY IN HELSINKI. DESCRIBES THE STAFFING, ORGANISATION, AND SERVICES OFFERED BY THE LIBRARY. ******************************************** Document 3061 ARLIS/NA ANNUAL CONFERENCE 1981).S PECIAL SECTION DEVOTED TO PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE 9TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE ART LIBRARIES SOCIETY OF NORTH AMERICA, SAN FRANCISCO, 20-26 FEB 81. ******************************************** Document 3062 ARE MUSIC LIBRARIES THREATENED BECAUSE OF THE RECESSION?. THE 3RD SCANDINAVIAN MUSIC LIBRARY CONFERENCE WAS HELD IN STOCKHOLM AND MAARIANHAMINA IN MAY 81. THE PROGRAMME WAS PLANNED BY THE NORDIC IAML SECTION. 50 PEOPLE ATTENDED IN MAARIANHAMINA. THE CONFERENCE DEALT WITH THE EFFECTS OF RECESSION ON MUSIC LIBRARIES, THE QUALIFICATIONS OF MUSIC LIBRARIANS, AND THE VARIOUS INTERNATIONAL CATALOGUING RULES FOR MUSIC. ******************************************** Document 3063 THE STATE CENTRAL THEATRICAL LIBRARY IN THE LIBRARY NETWORK. THE STATE CENTRAL THEATRICAL LIBRARY IS ONE OF THE MOST POPULAR LIBRARIES IN MOSCOW AND OFFERS A WIDE RANGE OF SERVICES TO MANY WORKERS IN THE ARTS. ITS SPECIALISED STOCKS, BUILT UP SINCE 1922, FORM AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE RESOURCES OF THE SOVIET LIBRARY NETWORK. THERE IS SCOPE, HOWEVER, FOR GREATER COOPERATION WITH OTHER LIBRARIES, ESPECIALLY IN THE FIELD OF EDUCATION, AND THERE IS A NEED FOR A WHOLE NEW APPROACH TO THE ORGANISATION OF THE LIBRARY BEFORE IT CAN DEVELOP TO ITS FULL POTENTIAL. ******************************************** Document 3064 LIBRARY DESCRIPTION' THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES LIBRARY IN BRUSSELS. THE 1ST LIBRARY SERVING THE STAFF OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES WAS FOUNDED IN 1952 IN LUXEMBURG FOR THE EUROPEAN COAL AND STEEL COMMUNITY, FOLLOWED IN 1958 BY THE LIBRARIES OF THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY AND EURATOM. AFTER THE REORGANISATION OF THE SEPARATE COMMUNITIES IN 1967 TO FORM THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES THE LIBRARY IN BRUSSELS BECAME THE MAIN LIBRARY WITH RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE FINANCIAL CONTROL AND FOR THE CENTRAL ORDERING AND PROCESSING OF ALL MATERIAL FOR THE OTHER LIBRARIES. THE COLLECTION AT BRUSSELS CURRENTLY CONTAINS 232,000 BOOKS AND 7,000 PERIODICALS, COVERING A WIDE RANGE OF SUBJECTS, INCLUDING LAW, ECONOMICS, TRADE, AGRICULTURE AND POLITICS, IN ALL LANGUAGES OF THE COMMISSION. ******************************************** Document 3065 SPECIAL LIBRARIES SERVING STATE GOVERNMENTS. CONTAINS ANALYSES OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC MATERIALS, FINANCE, STAFF, AND SERVICES IN SPECIAL LIBRARIES SERVING STATE GOVERNMENTS AND TABULATIONS OF AGGREGATE DATA FROM 1,134 LIBRARIES RESPONDING TO THE SURVEY. ******************************************** Document 3066 SPECIAL LIBRARIES SERVING STATE GOVERNMENTS' BASIC TABLES. CONTAINS TABULATIONS OF DATA ON BIBLIOGRAPHIC MATERIALS, FINANCE, STAFF, AND SERVICES FROM A SURVEY OF 1,134 SPECIAL LIBRARIES SERVING STATE GOVERNMENTS, PRESENTED BY INDIVIDUAL LIBRARIES AND BY 14 TYPES OF STATE LIBRARIES. ******************************************** Document 3067 THE ROLE OF THE UNION OF YUGOSLAV NATIONAL LIBRARIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIBRARIANSHIP IN YUGOSLAVIA. THE UNION OF YUGOSLAV NATIONAL LIBRARIES WAS ESTABLISHED IN 1962 IN ORDER TO ASSIST THE COOPERATION AND COORDINATION OF WORK OF THE CENTRAL REPUBLICAN LIBRARIES. THE FUNCTIONS OF THE UNION ARE' DEVELOPMENT OF LIBRARIANSHIP AND BIBLIOGRAPHY, ORGANISATION OF BIBLIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SERVICES, AND COOPERATION WITH NATIONAL LIBRARIES ABROAD AND WITH INTERNATIONAL LIBRARY ORGANISATIONS. THE UNION HAS AT PRESENT 2 MAIN TASKS' DEVELOPMENT OF A UNIFIED LIBRARY INFORMATION SYSTEM AND THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION. THE PROGRAMME OF THE UNIFIED SYSTEM IS DISCUSSED WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF 6 MAIN POINTS. ON THE INTERNATIONAL SCENE THE UNION ACTS AS THE COORDINATOR OF INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF ITS MEMBER LIBRARIES. ******************************************** Document 3068 THE BRITISH LIBRARY' PHENOMENON OF THE SEVENTIES OR PROTOTYPE OF NATIONAL LIBRARY PLANNING. IN ITS LEGISLATION, THE COMPOSITION AND POWERS OF ITS BOARD, AND ITS UNDERSTANDING OF THE ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF A NATIONAL LIBRARY IN THE 70S AND BEYOND, THE BRITISH LIBRARY MIGHT JUSTIFIABLY BE DEEMED A PROTOTYPE OF MODERN NATIONAL LIBRARY PLANNING; BUT SINCE IT BEGAN FROM A VANTAGE POINT NOT ACCESSIBLE TO OTHER EXISTING NATIONAL LIBRARIES IN THE DEVELOPED COUNTRIES (AND BEYOND THE REACH OF THOSE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES), IT MAY BE VIEWED RATHER AS A PHENOMENON OF THE 70S. ******************************************** Document 3069 NATIONAL LIBRARY FOR BANGLADESH. TRACES THE ORIGIN OF THE NATIONAL LIBRARY IN BANGLADESH AND REVEALS THAT ITS GENESIS GOES BACK TO 1961 WHEN BANGLADESH WAS KNOWN AS EAST PAKISTAN. DISCUSSES THE REVISED PROJECT FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE NATIONAL LIBRARY IN THE 2ND 5 YEAR PLAN (1980-85). CONCLUDES THAT, ACCORDING TO THE GOVERNMENT PLANS AND PROGRAMMES, A FUNCTIONAL NATIONAL LIBRARY WILL NOT BE ESTABLISHED BEFORE 1985. ******************************************** Document 3070 THE BRITISH LIBRARY LENDING DIVISION IN 1980-81. DURING 1980-81, THE BRITISH LIBRARY LENDING DIVISION RECEIVED 2,346,000 REQUESTS FROM THE UK (DOWN BY 1.2%) AND 510,000 FROM ABROAD (DOWN BY 6.3%). AN EXPERIMENTAL SCHEME OF LENDING BOOKS IN ORIENTAL LANGUAGES (AS A LAST RESORT) FROM THE REFERENCE DIVISION WAS STARTED. THE 2CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS INDEX1 BECAME AVAILABLE ON-LINE. THE DIVISION RECEIVED 56,000 CURRENT SERIALS (3.7% INCREASE), 105,000 MONOGRAPHS, AND 200,000 REPORTS. CONSERVATION WAS OF INCREASING CONCERN. SURVEYS INCLUDED AN ANALYSIS OF SERIALS USE. DISCUSSIONS TOOK PLACE WITH PUBLISHERS ON POSSIBLE COOPERATION IN ELECTRONIC STORAGE AND TRANSMISSION OF JOURNAL ARTICLES. ******************************************** Document 3071 CULTURE FOR THE CUBAN PEOPLE. REPORT ON A VISIT TO CUBA TO STUDY THE CULTURAL CENTRES. A NATIONAL NETWORK OF SUCH CENTRES IS BEING BUILT BY THE MINISTRY OF CULTURE'S DEPARTMENT FOR MASS CULTURE. ACTIVITIES SERVE EDUCATIONAL, RECREATIVE AND IDEOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS. EACH CENTRE HAS A DIRECTORATE, TECHNICAL COMMITTEE, CONTACT GROUP AND USER GROUP, AND ACTIVITIES RANGE FROM CREATIVE WORKSHOPS, STUDY GROUPS, LECTURES, MUSIC FESTIVALS, EXHIBITIONS, AND LIBRARY. THE ACTIVITIES LAID ON IN 1 OF HAVANA'S CULTURAL CENTRES, THE PLAZA DE LA REVOLUCION, ARE DESCRIBED IN DETAIL. THE CENTRE'S LIBRARY HAS MAINLY SPECIALISED WORKS NEEDED FOR THE ACTIVITIES, ALTHOUGH THE CHILDREN'S SECTION HAS A SOMEWHAT BROADER SELECTION. THE INTENTION IS THAT ALL CUBA'S DISTRICTS SHALL HAVE AS A MINIMUM A CULTURAL CENTRE, HISTORICAL MUSEUM, PUBLIC LIBRARY, CINEMA, BOOKSHOP, ART SHOP, CHOIR, ORCHESTRA, THEATRE AND ART GALLERY. ******************************************** Document 3072 CARNEGIES LIVE. REPORT ON US CARNEGIE LIBRARIES BASED ON OVER 120 RESPONSES TO AN INVITATION TO LIBRARIANS TO DESCRIBE THE WAYS IN WHICH THEIR CARNEGIE LIBRARIES HAVE RESPONDED, OR FAILED TO RESPOND TO CURRENT NEEDS AND PRACTICES. A HISTORICAL SECTION, FROM GEORGE S. BOBINSKI'S 2CARNEGIE LIBRARIES1 PROVIDES BACKGROUND MATERIAL ON THE BUILDINGS AND THE MAN BEHIND THEM. ******************************************** Document 3073 FROM CAXTON TO CASSETTE. EXCERPTS FROM THE KEYNOTE ADDRESS AT THE LIBRARY ASSOCIATION ANNUAL CONFERENCE, MARGATE, SEPT 81. BRIEFLY DESCRIBES THE CHANGES IN COMMUNICATION FROM THE PRINTING OF CAXTON TO THE PRESENT DAY AND SUGGESTS A DEVELOPMENT IN THE ROLE OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES TO INCLUDE FUNCTIONS NOW CARRIED OUT BY THE POST OFFICE, CITIZENS' ADVICE BUREAUX AND CONSUMER ADVICE CENTRES, AND ENCOURAGE PATRONS TO BUY BOOKS. CRITICISES THE LACK OF FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR AUTHORS AND CURRENT OUTPUT FROM UK PUBLISHERS. ******************************************** Document 3074 RESULTS OF THE ACTIVITIES OF CZECH PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN 1980. THIS ANNUAL TABULATED SURVEY GIVES DETAILS OF PUBLIC LIBRARY ACTIVITIES IN 1980 FOR THE WHOLE OF THE CZECH SOCIALIST REPUBLIC AS WELL AS ITS INDIVIDUAL COUNTIES. GIVES LOAN STATISTICS FOR FICTION, NON-FICTION AND PERIODICALS FOR BOTH ADULTS AND CHILDREN. BIBLIOGRAPHIC AND FACTOGRAPHIC INFORMATION (CHARACTERISED BY THE NUMBER OF ANSWERED WRITTEN AND ORAL ENQUIRIES) ILLUSTRATES INFORMATION ACTIVITIES. ALSO ENUMERATES CULTURAL AND EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES, INTERLIBRARY LOANS AND LIBRARY USERS. TOTALS FOR LIBRARY LOANS ARE GIVEN FOR 1976-80. FOR DETAILS OF THE 1979 SURVEY 2SEE1 81/3080. ******************************************** Document 3075 GEORGE POMPIDOU AND PUBLIC READING. AN ACCOUNT BY THE FRENCH DIRECTOR OF LIBRARIES FROM 1964 TO 1975, WRITTEN SHORTLY BEFORE HIS DEATH. DESCRIBES HOW GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION, INSTIGATED CHIEFLY BY POMPIDOU, REVERSED THE DECLINE OF INTEREST IN READING BY THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A 10-YEAR PLAN OF PUBLIC LIBRARY EXPANSION. THE ARTICLE IS FOLLOWED BY SHORT TRIBUTES FROM 2 OF THE AUTHOR'S COLLEAGUES. ******************************************** Document 3076 THE ZERO GROWTH SYNDROME AND THE LIBRARIES' WORK FOR REFORMS. CONTRIBUTION TO A PANEL DEBATE ON PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN THE 80S, ORGANISED BY THE DANISH LIBRARY INSPECTORATE AND HELD IN OCT 81. LIBRARIES ARE FACED WITH A SITUATION IN WHICH THEIR USE, ESPECIALLY THAT INVOLVING REFERENCE SERVICES, GROWS, WHILE DEMANDS FOR CUTS OR ZERO GROWTH ARE MADE. LIBRARIANS HAVE TO GIVE UP SOME SERVICES, SUCH AS LENGTHY LITERATURE SEARCHES, IN ORDER TO KEEP A BALANCE IN THE GENERAL SERVICE LEVEL AND ARE FACED WITH AN INVIDIOUS CHOICE BETWEEN THE KINDS OF MATERIAL-NEWSPAPERS, REFERENCE BOOKS, JOURNALS-WHICH HAVE TO BE AXED. THERE IS A NEED FOR AN OVERALL PLANNING BODY WHICH CAN DECIDE PRIORITIES ON PROFESSIONAL GROUNDS. ARGUES FOR STRENGTHENING OF THE REFERENCE SECTIONS IN SMALLER LIBRARIES BY APPOINTMENT OF REFERENCE LIBRARIANS AND FOR THE FREE DISTRIBUTION OF THE NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY TO ALL PUBLICLY OWNED LIBRARIES. CENTRALLY PRODUCED REFERENCE AIDS HELP IN THE CHOICE OF PRIORITIES AND FREE STAFF FOR OTHE R TASKS, BUT MORE ARE NEEDED. A PERIOD OF CUTS SHOULD BE USED TO PLAN FUTURE EXPANSION. ******************************************** Document 3077 LIBERALISM INCARNATE AND MEDIOCRITY ON THE RAILS. INTERVIEWS THE AUTHOR, PER HOJHOLT, WHO ARGUES THAT LIBRARIES COULD SUPPORT QUALITY LITERATURE MORE EFFECTIVELY BY ORDERING MORE COPIES OF GOOD BOOKS. INSTEAD LIBRARIES, GIVING IN TO POPULAR DEMAND, CONTAIN A SURFEIT OF MEDIOCRE AUTHORS. LOCAL FREEDOM TO SELECT IS LARGELY AN ILLUSION AS IN PRACTICE THE BINDING CENTRE'S REVIEWS ARE HEAVILY RELIED UPON. THE POPULARITY OF SOCIOLOGICAL AND WOMEN'S NOVELS SHOULD NOT BE IGNORED ENTIRELY, HOWEVER, AS LIBRARIES HAVE AN OBLIGATION TO CATER BOTH FOR QUALITY AND TOPICALITY. AUTHORS OF SCHOOL AND CHILDREN'S BOOKS, ON THE ONE HAND, AND OF ADULT BOOKS, ON THE OTHER, SHOULD HAVE THEIR LIBRARY FEES ASSESSED SEPARATELY. THE WORK OF CHILDREN'S LIBRARIANS IS EDUCATIONAL AND SOCIAL AND THEIR TRAINING SHOULD REFLECT THIS; LITERARY QUALITY HARDLY APPLIES TO CHILDREN'S LITERATURE. SUGGESTS SALE OF BOOKS IN LIBRARIES TO ENSURE THE SURVIVAL OF THE BOOK TRADE. ******************************************** Document 3078 A REVIEW OF PUBLIC LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT IN ASIA. WITH REFERENCE TO THE AUTHOR'S VISITS TO ASIAN COUNTRIES, DISCUSSES PUBLIC LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT IN ASIA. EMPHASISES THE NEED FOR LIBRARY LEGISLATION WHICH HAS BEEN INTRODUCED BY ONLY 6 OF THE 41 COUNTRIES IN THE REGION. THE COUNTRIES LACK LIBRARY STANDARDS (EXCEPT FOR A FEW), ADEQUATE FINANCES, PHYSICAL FACILITIES, AND LIBRARY RESOURCES. SUGGESTS ACTION BY NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL LIBRARY ASSOCIATIONS AND NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS. ******************************************** Document 3079 IN SEARCH OF CARNEGIE. DISCUSSES A PROJECT UNDERTAKEN IN 1979 WITH THE SUPPORT OF THE ONTARIO HERITAGE FOUNDATION AND THE BRITISH COUNCIL TO FIND OUT ABOUT THE HISTORY OF CARNEGIE PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN CANADA. ATTEMPTS TO ANSWER QUESTIONS SUCH AS THE NUMBER OF CARNEGIE LIBRARIES, HOW COMMUNITIES MANAGED TO GET GRANTS TO BUILD LIBRARIES AND WHO DESIGNED THE BUILDINGS. VISITS HAVE BEEN MADE TO MANY LIBRARY BUILDINGS IN CANADA AND THE UK AND ALTHOUGH SOME INFORMATION HAS BEEN OBTAINED THE PROJECT IS EXPECTED TO CONTINUE UNTIL AT LEAST 1982. ******************************************** Document 3080 A LIBRARY IN BRIXTON. DESCRIBES A VISIT TO THE MAIN PUBLIC LIBRARY IN BRIXTON SHORTLY AFTER THE RIOTS IN 1981. THE CULTURAL CONTRAST BETWEEN LIFE IN THE STREET AND IN THE LIBRARY WAS STRIKING. BRIXTON SERVES A POPULATION OF ABOUT 90,000, 25% OF WHOM ARE USERS. THE LIBRARY EMPHASISES OUTREACH SERVICES AND TEAMWORK AMONG THE 20 STAFF EMPLOYED BY THE MAIN AND 2 BRANCH LIBRARIES. THUS THE LIBRARY SERVES INSTITUTIONS SUCH AS OLD PEOPLE'S HOMES, HOSTELS FOR THE HOMELESS, YOUTH CLUBS, PRISONS. HELP IS GIVEN TO ADVICE CENTRES AND 100 PEOPLE ARE VISITED IN THEIR HOMES. THE CHILDREN'S SECTION CONTAINED FEW BOOKS AND WAS LITTLE USED. THE RIOTS HAD NOT AFFECTED THE LIBRARY AND GOOD RELATIONS EXISTED WITH THE YOUNG PEOPLE AND THEIR LEADERS. THE STOCK INCLUDES BOOKS IN MANY FOREIGN LANGUAGES FOR THE IMMIGRANT MINORITIES. ******************************************** Document 3081 COVER PICTURE (LIBRARY AT BAD NEUENAHR-AHRWEILER). A DECLINING READERSHIP CAUSED THE LIBRARY AT BAD NEUENAHR-AHRWEILER TO CLOSE IN 1970. IN 1975 IT WAS REOPENED IN THE TOWN HALL AND PERMANENT ACCOMMODATION HAS NOW BEEN FOUND IN A RESTORED BUILDING OF GREAT HISTORIC INTEREST TO THE TOWN. READERSHIP HAS EXPANDED FROM 837 IN 1975 TO 4,400 IN 1981 (POPULATION 28,000). THE BOOKSTOCK OF ONLY 4,000 IN 1975 HAD RISEN TO OVER 15,000 BY 1979 AND FURTHER EXPANSION IS NOW PLANNED. ******************************************** Document 3082 PLAYING WITH NUMBERS. COUNTY LIBRARIES AS REFLECTED IN STATISTICS. USING 1978 STATISTICAL DATA FROM THE CENTRE FOR LIBRARY SCIENCE AND METHODOLOGY, AN ANALYSIS OF HUNGARIAN COUNTY LIBRARIES IS MADE. EXAMINES SUCH LIBRARIES IN TERMS OF SIZE, STAFF NUMBERS, ACQUISITION FUNDS, YEARLY ACCESSIONING NUMBERS, ENROLLED READERS AND LENDING STATISTICS. ATTEMPTS TO ASSESS THE ROLE OF COUNTY LIBRARIES IN RELATION TO CITY LIBRARIES AND EVALUATES THE LEVEL OF PROVISION FOR USERS. ******************************************** Document 3083 THE BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARIES NETWORK. REPORT OF A STUDY VISIT IN SUMMER 1980 BY A FRENCH PUBLIC LIBRARIAN, SPONSORED BY THE FRANCO-AMERICAN CULTURAL EXCHANGE COMMISSION. A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF BOSTON PREFACES A COMPREHENSIVE ACCOUNT OF ITS LIBRARY SYSTEM, COMPRISING THE RESEARCH LIBRARY, GENERAL LIBRARY, AND NETWORK OF BRANCHES. FULL DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF BUILDINGS, STOCK, LAYOUT, SERVICES, AND FINANCE AND PERSONNEL, FOR ALL 3 CATEGORIES. THE ORGANISATION AND OPERATION OF THE BRANCH SYSTEM IS DISCUSSED SEPARATELY IN RELATION TO THE DISTRIBUTION OF ACTIVITIES THROUGHOUT THE NETWORK AND THE REQUIREMENTS OF ZONING. THE ROLE OF THE CENTRAL ADMINISTRATION COUNCIL IS OUTLINED, AND MANAGEMENT OF CENTRALISED SERVICES DESCRIBED. FINALLY THE BOSTON SYSTEM IS LOCATED IN ITS WIDER REGIONAL CONTEXT. CRITICISES UNNECESSARY RESTRICTIONS ON USERS, WHILE ACKNOWLEDGING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE SYSTEM AS A WHOLE. ******************************************** Document 3084 QUO VADIS? FUNDAMENTAL REFLECTIONS ON THE FUTURE OF ACADEMIC LIBRARIES. REVIEWS SOME FACTORS WHICH ARE LIKELY TO AFFECT THE ROLE AND DEVELOPMENT OF ACADEMIC AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES DURING THE IMMEDIATE FUTURE. DISCUSSES' THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE LIBRARY SERVICE IN THE CONTEXT OF ACCESS TO INFORMATION AND MATERIALS; RESOURCE SHARING THROUGH INFORMAL COOPERATION AND THROUGH NETWORKS; THE INCREASING IMPORTANCE OF DOCUMENT DELIVERY; AND THE EFFECTS OF NEW DEVELOPMENTS ON COLLECTION GROWTH AND MANAGEMENT AND ON THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE ACADEMIC LIBRARY WITH THE PARENT BODY AND WITH OTHER LIBRARIES. MAKES RECOMMENDATIONS FOR' INCREASED ACCESS TO LIBRARY HOLDINGS THROUGH DISTRIBUTED NETWORKS; THE IMPROVEMENT OF INTERLIBRARY LOAN; THE IMPLEMENTATION OF COOPERATIVE COLLECTION MANAGEMENT; A REAPPRAISAL OF COLLECTION EVALUATION CRITERIA; AND THE APPROPRIATE UTILISATION OF MANAGEMENT SKILLS AND TECHNOLOGY. ******************************************** Document 3085 UNIVERSITY OF DAR ES SALAAM LIBRARY. THE UNIVERSITY OF DAR-ES-SALAAM LIBRARY SERVES SEVERAL THOUSANDS OF READERS REGULARLY. THE LIBRARY ACQUIRES ABOUT 10,000 DOCUMENTS PER YEAR. THE PROBLEMS THE LIBRARY IS FACING ARE MANY AND VARIED. HIGHLIGHTS SOME OF THE PROBLEMS AND DESCRIBES SOME MEASURES THAT HAVE BEEN TAKEN TO SOLVE THEM. THE SERVICES, CATALOGUING AND ACQUISITION PROCEDURES OF THE LIBRARY ARE DESCRIBED. ******************************************** Document 3086 THE U.C.T. LIBRARIES FROM 1956 TO 1965. A THOROUGH ACCOUNT, INCLUDING STATISTICS, IS GIVEN OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN LIBRARIES FROM THE 50TH ANNIVERSARY IN 1955 (CELEBRATED IN 1956) TO 1965. ******************************************** Document 3087 UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY & U.C.T. LIBRARIES: A FEW BRIEF COMPARISONS. COMPARISONS BETWEEN THE 2 LIBRARIES CENTRE ON CIRCULATION SYSTEMS, STAFFING, PERIODICALS AND MICROFORMS. CONCLUDES THAT AFTER A MERE 22 YEARS EXISTENCE THE UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY LIBRARY HAS ALREADY OVERTAKEN THE 75 YEAR OLD UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN LIBRARY IN TERMS OF FACILITIES, STOCK AND EQUIPMENT. ******************************************** Document 3088 UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES' STANDARDS AND STATISTICS. THE ARL-ACRL STANDARDS FOR UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES DO NOT PRESENT QUANTITATIVE STANDARDS, BUT RATHER PLACE THEIR EMPHASIS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES. THROUGH THE STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES OF CORRELATION AND REGRESSION, DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS, AND PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS IT IS POSSIBLE TO ANALYSE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY DATA AND TO DERIVE MINIMAL CRITERIA THAT STATISTICALLY DISTINGUISH UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES FROM OTHER KINDS OF ACADEMIC LIBRARIES. THESE CRITERIA LOOK VERY MUCH LIKE STANDARDS, BUT STILL FAIL TO RELATE LIBRARY SIZE AND RESOURCES DEPLOYED TO LIBRARY PERFORMANCE. ******************************************** Document 3089 DEGREE COLLEGE LIBRARIES IN KASHMIR' A SURVEY. PRESENTS THE OVERALL PICTURE OF THE DEGREE COLLEGE LIBRARIES OF KASHMIR. POINTS OUT CERTAIN FACTORS REQUIRING CONSIDERATION AND SUGGESTS CERTAIN MEASURES TO IMPROVE THE STANDARDS OF COLLEGE LIBRARY SERVICES IN KASHMIR. ******************************************** Document 3090 BOOKS HAVE THEIR OWN DESTINY; ABOUT THE PARIS LIBRARY OF I.S. TURGENEV. THE FATE OF I.S. TURGENEV'S PARIS LIBRARY, CONTAINING 3,000 VOLUMES, REMAINS UNRESOLVED. ONLY 12 VOLUMES DEFINITELY SURVIVE. IN 1897, TURGENEV'S COMPATRIOTS ASKED HIS HEIRESS, POLINA VIARDOT TO DONATE BOOKS FROM TURGENEV'S PARIS LIBRARY TO THE ORLOVSK PROVINCIAL MUSEUM. SHE DENIED POSSESSING THE LIBRARY. TURGENEV HAD 1643 RUSSIAN BOOKS IN PARIS, 816 GERMAN, 147 ENGLISH AND 246 FRENCH. A NOTE IN A TURGENEV EX-LIBRIS MENTIONS HIS RUSSIAN BOOKS WERE SOLD IN LEIPZIG. OCCASIONALLY TURGENEV'S BOOKS RETURN FROM OBLIVION AND ARRIVE IN THE ORLOV I.S. TURGENEV MUSEUM. THE SURVIVING BOOKS FROM TURGENEV'S PARIS LIBRARY ARE MULTIFARIOUS, BUT ALL ASSOCIATED WITH HIS CIRCLE AND STUDIES. ******************************************** Document 3091 LIBRARY SERVICES FOR THE HANDICAPPED. DESCRIBES LIBRARY SERVICES AVAILABLE TO THE HANDICAPPED IN EUROPE, THE U.S.A., AND CANADA, EXCLUDING QUEBEC. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF THE HISTORICAL BACKGROUND, LEGISLATION, AND NOTABLE PUBLIC AND PRIVATE VENTURES. THE DISCUSSION IS DIVIDED INTO SECTIONS, DEALING RESPECTIVELY WITH HOSPITAL SERVICES, DOMICILIARY SERVICES, AND SERVICES FOR THE VISUALLY HANDICAPPED, THE MENTALLY HANDICAPPED, AND THE DEAF. THE SURVEY LEADS TO THE CONCLUSION THAT THE MENTALLY HANDICAPPED AND THE DEAF ARE THE MOST NEGLECTED GROUPS. THE IMPORTANCE OF PUBLIC LIBRARY INITIATIVES, ESPECIALLY IN THE U.S.A. AND CANADA, IS EMPHASISED, IN RELATION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF SERVICES IN QUEBEC, WHERE LIBRARIANS ARE NOT PREPARED TO RESPOND TO THE NEEDS OF THE HANDICAPPED. ******************************************** Document 3092 IT'S WORTH THE TROUBLE' CONTACT BETWEEN BONN MUNICIPAL LIBRARY AND THE HANDICAPPED. THE LIBRARY LOANS BOOKS TO AND COMPILES BOOK-LISTS FOR A REHABILITATION CENTRE FOR THE HANDICAPPED AND VARIOUS CLUBS WITH BOTH HANDICAPPED AND NON-HANDICAPPED MEMBERS. CHILDREN FROM A LOCAL KINDERGARTEN FOR BOTH HANDICAPPED AND NON-HANDICAPPED CHILDREN, HOPEFULLY A BASIS FOR FUTURE MIXED SCHOOL CLASSES, VISIT THE LIBRARY REGULARLY. THE LOCAL SCHOOL FOR THE PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED BRINGS GROUPS REGULARLY TO THE LIBRARY AND SUCCESSFUL CLASSES HAVE BEEN HELD THERE FOR THEM TOGETHER WITH NON-HANDICAPPED CHILDREN. THE LIBRARIAN GIVES GUIDANCE ON BOOKS DURING TRAINING COURSES FOR THE MENTALLY HANDICAPPED AND GROUPS OF MENTALLY HANDICAPPED WILL BE ALLOWED TO CHOOSE BOOKS IN PEACE OUTSIDE NORMAL LIBRARY HOURS. ******************************************** Document 3093 SERVICES AND MATERIALS FOR THE HANDICAPPED' AN INSTITUTE FOR SCHOOL LIBRARY MEDIA PROFESSIONALS, NORTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY, DEPT. OF LIBRARY SCIENCE, AUGUST 12-17, 1979. COLLECTION OF 10 PAPERS PRESENTED AT AN INSTITUTE DESIGNED TO EXTEND THE PARTICIPANTS' PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE IN PROVIDING MEDIA SERVICES AND MATERIALS TO HANDICAPPED CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 3094 YOUTH, UNEMPLOYMENT, AND WORK WITH YOUNG ADULTS. IN THE LAST 25 YEARS ONE OF THE MOST CRITICAL AREAS AFFECTING YOUTH, BUT ONE OF THE LEAST DISCUSSED IN THE LIBRARY PROFESSION, IS HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT. EXPLORES THIS TOPIC, WITH A VIEW TO DEVELOPING AN APPROACH THAT WILL SERVE AS A MODEL FOR AN EXTENDED STUDY IN THIS AND OTHER AREAS SERIOUSLY AFFECTING THE LIVES OF YOUTH. DISCUSSES THE DIMENSIONS OF THE US UNEMPLOYMENT PROBLEM, THE EVOLUTION OF GOVERNMENT PROGRAMMES DEVELOPED TO DEAL WITH IT, AND A DEFINITION OF THE ROLE OF LIBRARIES IN RELATION TO IT. ******************************************** Document 3095 INTRODUCTION TO THE CONFERENCE. A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO THE 41ST CONFERENCE OF THE GRADUATE LIBRARY SCHOOL, UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, 16-17 MAY 80, ON THE THEME CHILDREN'S ACCESS TO SERVICES AND MATERIALS IN SCHOOL AND PUBLIC LIBRARIES. THE GOAL WAS THE STIMULATION OF CRITICAL EVALUATION AND DISCUSSION, WITH CLARIFICATION OF THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD, AND EXAMINATION OF THOSE ISSUES THAT AFFECT THE DENIAL OR THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THOSE RIGHTS. ******************************************** Document 3096 SPECIAL ISSUE DEVOTED TO' CHILDREN'S ACCESS TO SERVICES AND MATERIALS IN SCHOOL AND PUBLIC LIBRARIES' PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-FIRST CONFERENCE OF THE GRADUATE LIBRARY SCHOOL, MAY 16-17, 1980).T HEMATIC ISSUE DEVOTED TO THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE 41ST CONFERENCE OF THE GRADUATE LIBRARY SCHOOL, UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, 16-17 MAY 80, CONTAINING 7 ARTICLES, FOR ABSTRACTS OF WHICH 2SEE1 THE FOLLOWING SERIAL NUMBERS'. ******************************************** Document 3097 NOTES ON 'LIBRARY, SCHOOL, READING'. DISCUSSION OF THE ROLE OF THE LIBRARY IN RELATION TO THE SCHOOL IN ITALY. WITH GROWING ACCEPTANCE THAT THE PUBLIC LIBRARY SHOULD PROMOTE CULTURAL ACTIVITIES AS WELL AS MAKE BOOKS AVAILABLE, THE LACK OF ANY COHERENT ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE AT NATIONAL OR LOCAL LEVEL COORDINATING ACTIVITIES IN THE PUBLIC DOMAIN BECOMES VERY NOTICEABLE, PARTICULARLY WHERE SCHOOLS AND LIBRARIES ARE CONCERNED IN PROMOTING READING HABITS. THE SITUATION AT PRESENT IS ONE OF REPRESSED RIVALRY, WHERE ROLES ARE UNDEFINED. THE DIVERGENT ATTITUDES OF TEACHERS AND LIBRARIANS ARE DISCUSSED, WITH REFERENCE TO READING IN THE CONTEXT OF THE SPREAD OF AUDIO-VISUAL MEDIA. ******************************************** Document 3098 CHILDREN'S ACCESS TO PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICES' PRINCE GEORGE'S COUNTY MEMORIAL PUBLIC LIBRARY, MARYLAND, 1980. A PAPER PRESENTED AT THE 41ST CONFERENCE OF THE GRADUATE LIBRARY SCHOOL, UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, 16-17 MAY 80, CHILDREN'S ACCESS TO SERVICES AND MATERIALS IN SCHOOL AND PUBLIC LIBRARIES. IN THE HISTORY OF PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICES IN THE US, NUMBERLESS REGULATIONS HAVE BEEN ESTABLISHED TO DETERMINE WHAT KINDS OF SERVICE SHOULD BE PROVIDED FOR CHILDREN AND WHAT LIMITATIONS SHOULD BE PLACED ON THOSE SERVICES AND ON THE USE OF MATERIALS IN THE LIBRARY. AS FACILITIES FOR SHARING INFORMATION HAVE GROWN, SO HAVE QUESTIONS ABOUT CHILDREN'S ACCESS TO SUCH TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES AS DATA BASES AND TO INTERLIBRARY LOAN PROGRAMMES. IN 1967, THE AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION REVISED THE 2LIBRARY BILL OF RIGHTS1 TO ENSURE THAT LIBRARY USE NOT BE DENIED INDIVIDUALS BECAUSE THEY ARE MINORS. LITTLE RESEARCH HAS BEEN DONE ON HOW THE INTENTION OF THIS ACTION HAS BEEN IMPLEMENTED OR IGNORED. EVALUATES 1 LIBRARY'S APPROACH TO ACCESS FOR CHILDREN, EXAMINING POLICIES, REGULATIONS, PRACTICES, AND COORDINATIONS THAT AFFECT SUCH ACCESS. ******************************************** Document 3099 LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES FOR THE PUBLIC' PROCEEDINGS OF THE 8TH CONFERENCE OF THE PAPUA NEW GUINEA LIBRARY ASSOCIATION HELD AT THE ADMINISTRATIVE COLLEGE OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA, WAIGANI, PORT MORESBY, 18TH AND 19TH OCTOBER 1979. THE OPENING ADDRESS BY SIMON KENEHE GIVES A BRIEF OVERVIEW OF PROBLEMS CONCERNING THE DELIVERY OF INFORMATION IN PRESENT DAY PAPUA NEW GUINEA. THE MAIN SESSIONS OF THE CONFERENCE LOOKED AT' STRATEGIES IN THE PLANNING OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES; THE STATE OF LIBRARIES FOR THE PUBLIC IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA; LITERACY AND THE LIBRARY; REACHING OUT' ACCESS TO LIBRARY-BASED INFORMATION SERVICES IN THE RURAL AREAS OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA; AND AGENCIES INVOLVED IN INFORMATION WORK. CONCLUDES WITH A PAPER BY TONY AUSTIN ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCHOOL LIBRARIES IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA. ******************************************** Document 3100 THE SCHOOL LIBRARY IN THE LANDSHUT MUNICIPAL LIBRARY SYSTEM. THE LANDSHUT LIBRARY SYSTEM COMPRISES 3 PUBLIC LIBRARIES WHICH ARE ALSO SCHOOL LIBRARIES, 1 HOSPITAL LIBRARY AND 9 SCHOOL LIBRARIES, ALL ADMINISTERED BY A CENTRAL LIBRARY RESPONSIBLE FOR ALL PURCHASING AND PROCESSING. THE NEEDS OF 8,000 PUPILS ARE CATERED FOR IN 12 PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS, 1 SPECIAL SCHOOL, 2 VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS AND 2 COLLEGES OF FURTHER EDUCATION. 123 CLASSES VISIT THE LIBRARIES WEEKLY AND SPECIAL HELP IS GIVEN TO FOREIGN CHILDREN. AIMS FOR THE FUTURE INCLUDE INCREASING STOCKS IN ALL LIBRARIES TO 10 BOOKS PER PUPIL, PROVIDING MORE SPACE AND STOCK FOR OLDER PUPILS, INCORPORATING TEACHERS' LIBRARIES INTO THE SCHOOL LIBRARIES AND MAKING WORK IN THE LIBRARY AN INTEGRAL PART OF SCHOOL CURRICULA. ******************************************** Document 3101 INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTS IN SCHOOL LIBRARIANSHIP' THE WORK OF THE I.A.S.L. DESCRIBES THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR SCHOOL LIBRARIANSHIP AND PRESENTS BRIEF ACCOUNTS OF SOME RECENT CONFERENCES. SINCE ITS LAUNCH IN 1970, THE ASSOCIATION HAS BEEN WORKING FOR IMPROVED STATUS AND RECOGNITION FOR SCHOOL LIBRARIANS AND HAS BEEN SUPPORTING DEVELOPING SCHOOL LIBRARY ASSOCIATIONS WORLDWIDE. ******************************************** Document 3102 WORKPLACE LIBRARIES IN EAST GERMANY' MUTUAL COMPETITION FOR THE BEST LOAN STATISTICS. AFTER THE 2ND WORLD WAR, WEST GERMANY CONTINUED AS IT LEFT OFF IN 1933, WITH FACTORY LIBRARIES IN THE OLD PATRIARCHAL FORM AND LIBRARY POLICIES WITH TRADITIONAL BOURGEOIS IDEALS. IN EAST GERMANY, HOWEVER, A PERIOD OF DENAZIFICATION AND REBUILDING OF SOCIETY IN A SOCIALIST FORM FOLLOWED THE WAR. LIBRARIES RECEIVED HIGH PRIORITY IN THE ANTI-FASCIST PROPAGANDA CAMPAIGN, WITH ACCESS TO LIBRARIES IN 96% OF DISTRICTS IN 1957 COMPARED TO 40% IN 1947. A PURGE OF LIBRARY BOOKS WAS CARRIED OUT ON STALINIST PRINCIPLES WITH SOME LIBRARIES LOSING UP TO 90% OF THEIR STOCK. HOWEVER, THE PUBLIC LIBRARY SYSTEM EXPANDED RAPIDLY, BUT WITHOUT DEVIATION FROM THE IDEOLOGICAL LINE IN BOOK SELECTION. A NETWORK OF WORKPLACE LIBRARIES UNDER THE TRADE UNIONS HAS ALSO BEEN DEVELOPED IN KEEPING WITH THE IMPORTANCE ATTACHED TO LIBRARIES FOR IDEOLOGICAL EDUCATION. THE BASIS FOR THESE LIBRARIES IS THE MAXIM' ALL WORKERS MUST READ. TH E LIBRARIES MUST REACH A CERTAIN NORM IN LENDING FIGURES AND CONTROL WITH THE MATERIAL BORROWED IS POSSIBLE. THE WORKPLACE LIBRARIES, FAR FROM BEING AN EXPRESSION OF WORKING CLASS DEMOCRACY, ARE AN IDEOLOGICAL INSTRUMENT OF THE TRADE UNION LEADERSHIP DIRECTED AT THE WORKING CLASS. ******************************************** Document 3103 PERFORMANCE REPORT FOR ETHNICITY AND LIBRARIANSHIP INSTITUTE 2' MULTIETHNIC LIBRARY MATERIALS PROGRAMS AND SERVICES IN NEW YORK CITY AND ITS ENVIRONS-LONG ISLAND, WESTCHESTER, CONNECTICUT, NEW JERSEY. DESCRIBES THE ACTIVITIES AND ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF AN INSTITUTE FOR COLLEGE CREDIT AT THE POST-MASTER'S DEGREE LEVEL WHICH FOCUSED ON THE PROVISION OF BETTER LIBRARY MATERIALS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIBRARY PROGRAMMES FOR ETHNIC GROUPS. THE INSTITUTE WAS ORGANISED IN 4 PARTS; (1) ETHNIC STUDIES' HERITAGE AND CONTRIBUTION OF MINORITY GROUPS, THEIR TREATMENT IN LIBRARY MEDIA, DEMOGRAPHY, HISTORY, POLITICS, AND SOCIOLOGY; (2) DEVELOPMENT OF LIBRARY PROGRAMMES FOR MINORITIES; (3) LIBRARY RESOURCES AVAILABLE FOR PUBLIC LIBRARIES, SCHOOL AND COLLEGE LIBRARIES; AND (4) ETHNIC RESOURCE FACILITIES, SPECIFICALLY IN THE METROPOLITAN NEW YORK AREA. A COMPARISON OF ACTUAL ACCOMPLISHMENTS WITH STATED GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROGRAMME. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 3104 REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR FOR THE PERIOD MARCH 1978-DECEMBER 1979. THE 1ST REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR OF THE CENTRE FOR RESEARCH ON USER STUDIES COVERED THE PERIOD NOV 75-FEB 78 (BLRD REPORT 5446). ******************************************** Document 3105 GENERAL ASPECTS OF TECHNICAL AND SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION IN RESEARCH WORKS DONE IN HEALTH INSTITUTIONS. IN THE BANSKA BYSTRICA COUNTRY HEALTH INSTITUTE OF SLOVAKIA LIBRARY AND INFORMATION ACTIVITIES HAVE BEEN TAKING PLACE FOR YEARS. WISHING TO IMPROVE THEIR SERVICES A SURVEY BY QUESTIONNAIRE WAS MADE TO REVEAL USER DEMAND ON LITERATURE. FROM THE 250 QUESTIONNAIRES SENT OUT, 60 WERE ANSWERED. BESIDES USUAL ANSWERS IT DESERVES MENTION THAT 31.7% OF RESPONDENTS VOTED FOR BOOKS, 43.3% FOR PERIODICALS. USUALLY THERE IS A BIGGER SHIFT TOWARD PERIODICALS THAN IN THIS SURVEY. ******************************************** Document 3106 STUDENT USE OF THE LIBRARY AT DEPAUW UNIVERSITY. STUDY CONDUCTED TO DETERMINE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN USE OF THE ACADEMIC LIBRARY AND THE CLASSROOM PROGRAMME AT DEPAUW UNIVERSITY, A SMALL, 4-YEAR LIBERAL ARTS COLLEGE. RECORDED CIRCULATION FROM THE 3 CAMPUS LIBRARIES FOR THE SECOND SEMESTER OF 1975-76 WAS STUDIED AND RELATED TO SUCH VARIABLES AS DECLARED ACADEMIC MAJOR, ACADEMIC CLASS, SEX, HIGH SCHOOL CLASS SIZE, HIGH SCHOOL CLASS RANK, AND SEMESTER GRADE POINT AVERAGE OF ALL 2,217 ON-CAMPUS STUDENTS. NO MEANINGFUL RELATION BETWEEN RECORDED LIBRARY CIRCULATION AND THESE VARIABLES COULD BE FOUND. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 3107 THE INFORMATION NEEDS OF HISTORIANS. REPORTS THE RESULTS OF A SURVEY OF HISTORIANS IN DIFFERENT FIELDS OF HISTORY. IT INCLUDES INFORMATION ON THE FORMATS FROM WHICH THEY GET THEIR INFORMATION, WHERE THEY FIND RELEVANT REFERENCES, AND HOW THEY USE MATERIALS IN FOREIGN LANGUAGES. THE RESULTS ARE COMPARED WITH THOSE FOUND IN OTHER SURVEYS AND WITH CITATION STUDIES. ******************************************** Document 3108 THE ADVENTURES OF READING AND THE ROLE OF THE LIBRARIAN. A TRANSLATION FROM THE ORIGINAL FRENCH OF A PAPER BY THE DIRECTRIX OF THE FRENCH JOY THROUGH BOOKS PROGRAMME, FOUNDED IN 1963 TO DEVELOP CHILDREN'S LIBRARIES. DISCUSSES THE IMPORTANCE OF READING IN RELATION TO THE PROLIFERATION OF AUDIO-VISUAL MEDIA, FROM THE VIEWPOINTS OF BOTH THE RECREATIONAL AND INFORMATIONAL ADVANTAGES OFFERED. IN THE LIBRARY, THE CHILD IS FREE TO CHOOSE HIS OWN READING MATERIAL, AND IT IS HERE THAT THE MEDIATION OF AN ADULT IS ESSENTIAL TO ENSURE THE YOUNG INITIATE IS ENCOURAGED IN HIS ENTHUSIASMS, IN LEARNING HOW TO USE AND ENJOY BOOKS, AND IN APPRECIATING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN READING AND LIFE. WITHOUT THE INTERVENTION OF THE LIBRARIAN, THE LIBRARY CAN ONLY BE A DISTRIBUTION CENTRE. ******************************************** Document 3109 EDUCATIONAL MEDIA AND LEARNING THEORIES. EDUCATIONAL MEDIA WILL NOT REPLACE THE TEACHER, BUT THEY DO MAKE TEACHING EASIER AND RESULT IN GREATER LEARNING. PRESENTS THE VARIOUS OPINIONS CONCERNING THEIR USE, NOTING THAT THERE IS NOT SO MUCH DISAGREEMENT OR CONTRADICTION AS THERE ARE DIFFERENCES IN EMPHASIS. REFERS TO RESEARCH STUDIES THAT HAVE ESTABLISHED THAT THROUGH CAREFUL SELECTION AND USE OF EDUCATIONAL MEDIA MANY OBSTACLES FOR EFFECTIVE LEARNING CAN BE OVERCOME. ******************************************** Document 3110 LIBRARIES AND ADULT EDUCATION' THE RUSSIAN EXPERIENCE. DISCUSSES THE DEVELOPMENT OF ADULT EDUCATION IN RUSSIA, A PROCESS WHICH OCCURRED IN THE 2ND HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY, SPECIFICALLY FOCUSING ON HOW PUBLIC LIBRARIES WERE UTILISED AS INSTRUMENTS OF ADULT EDUCATION, BOTH BEFORE THE REVOLUTION, AND ESPECIALLY DURING THE 1ST DECADE OF SOVIET RULE. ******************************************** Document 3111 PUBLIC LIBRARIES AND EDUCATIONAL BROADCASTING: PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE LIBRARY ASSOCIATION PUBLIC LIBRARIES GROUP WEEK-END SCHOOL AT BATH IN APRIL 1980. COMPRISES 2 PAPERS: PARTNERSHIPS, BY JANE ANDERSON WHICH ARGUES FOR CLOSER, DELIBERATE COLLABORATION BETWEEN PUBLIC LIBRARY SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS LINKED TO EDUCATIONAL BROADCASTING; AND SITUATION DESPERATE-ATTACK! BY JAMES BOYLE, WHICH ARGUES THAT LIBRARIES MUST FIND A WAY OF DEVELOPING NATIONAL POLICIES AND STRATEGIES VIS-A-VIS EDUCATIONAL BROADCASTING, THEY MUST PRESENT THEMSELVES AS PROVIDERS AND PARTNERS IN ADULT EDUCATION RATHER THAN AS SERVICING AGENTS, AND THEY MUST BECOME MORE AGGRESSIVE AS SERVICE RETAILERS, PROFESSIONALS, AND POTENTIAL COLLABORATORS WITH OTHER AGENCIES. ******************************************** Document 3112 THE NEED FOR PROFESSIONAL AND IDEO-POLITICAL AWARENESS. ALL TYPES OF LIBRARIES (SCHOOL, PUBLIC AND TRADE UNION) HAVE TO IMPART THE IDEAS OF THE 12TH COMMUNIST PARTY CONGRESS TO THE ENTIRE BULGARIAN NATION. THE COMMUNIST CONGRESS OUTLINED ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL POLICIES WHICH HAVE TO BE IMPLEMENTED BY WORKERS IN INDUSTRY AND IN AGRICULTURE ACTING IN A DISCIPLINED AND RESPONSIBLE WAY. LIBRARIANS MUST USE A SYSTEMATIC AND PERSONAL APPROACH AND DEAL WITH THE CLASS STRUGGLE, THE ROLE OF THE USSR IN THE WORLD, THE GENERAL INTERNATIONAL SITUATION AND MANY OTHER TOPICS ON ALL THE REQUIRED LEVELS. LIBRARIANS SHOULD DISPLAY RELEVANT LITERATURE, ARRANGE EXHIBITIONS AND DISCUSSION MEETINGS, AND COMPILE RECOMMENDED BIBLIOGRAPHIES. THESE ARE ONLY A FEW SUGGESTIONS WHICH MUST BE IMPLEMENTED TO REACH THE SET GOALS. ******************************************** Document 3113 BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA BASES IN COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT. FOR AN ABSTRACT OF THIS ARTICLE 2SEE 1THE FOLLOWING SERIAL NUMBER'-. ******************************************** Document 3114 THE BRILLOUIN INFORMATION MEASURE APPLIED TO MATERIALS SELECTION. DESCRIBES THE USE OF THE BRILLOUIN FORMULA TO ASSESS THE MEASURE OF IMPACT OF AN ADDED DOCUMENT ON THE DIVERSITY OR RELATEDNESS OF A SUBJECT COLLECTION. THE BRILLOUIN FORMULA IS AN INFORMATION MEASURE WHICH HAS BEEN USED TO MEASURE THE ORDER OR DISORDER OF A PARTICULAR POPULATION DISTRIBUTED OVER A NUMBER OF UNIQUE CLASSES. CONCLUDES THAT THIS FORMULA CAN MEASURE THE IMPACT OF AN ADDED DOCUMENT ON THE DIVERSITY OR RELATEDNESS OF A SUBJECT COLLECTION WHEN THE COMPUTATION IS MADE USING ONE-WAY COMMUNICATION. ******************************************** Document 3115 A QUANTITATIVE INVENTORY OF RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT AND UTILIZATION FOR METROPOLITAN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS. DESCRIBES MATERIALS USED BY SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN PREPARING INDEPENDENT STUDY PAPERS AND OTHER TYPES OF ASSIGNMENTS CALLING FOR LIBRARY USE, INCLUDING THE USE OF HOME COLLECTIONS AND SCHOOL, PUBLIC, COLLEGE, AND SPECIAL LIBRARIES. BIBLIOMETRIC METHODS WERE USED TO PROVIDE MEASUREMENT OF THE NATURE AND CURRENCY OF BOOKS, MAGAZINES, ENCYCLOPEDIAS, NEWSPAPERS, GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS, AND PAMPHLETS REFERENCED BY STUDENTS. A SAMPLE OF 15 HIGH SCHOOLS REPRESENTING 5 SCHOOLS DISTRICTS AND 2 INDEPENDENT SCHOOLS PROVIDED DATA ON 1,845 STUDENTS FROM 73 CLASSES. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 3116 COHERENT INFORMATIONAL ENERGY AND ENTROPY. AIMING TO PROVIDE A COMMON THEORETICAL FOUNDATION FOR ALL KNOWN BIBLIOMETRIC LAWS, STARTS FROM A SYSTEMIC VIEW OF THE INFORMATION TRANSFER PROCESS AND LIKENS IT TO A PHYSICAL DIFFUSION PROCESS, IN PARTICULAR THE CONDUCTION OF HEAT IN SOLIDS. THE INTEREST POTENTIAL OF NEW AUTHORS IS EQUIVALENT TO TEMPERATURE. THE MODEL ALSO ALLOWS FOR NEW DEFINITIONS OF INFORMATIONAL ENERGY AND ENTROPY, CORRESPONDING TO THE PHYSICAL DEFINITIONS. DISCUSSES THE POSSIBILITY OF INTRODUCING INFORMATION INTO CONCRETE THERMODYNAMIC SYSTEMS ANALYSIS. ******************************************** Document 3117 ELECTRON LATTICE SCATTERING TECHNIQUE FOR CITATION ANALYSIS AND EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF RESEARCH PAPERS. INTRODUCES A PHYSICAL MODEL FOR MEASURING THE IMPACT OF RESEARCH CONTRIBUTION BASED ON SCATTERING OF ELECTRONS BY THE LATTICE ATOMS. DESCRIBES SCATTERING AS A STOCHASTIC PROCESS AND ADOPTS AN ANALOGOUS SITUATION IN WHICH LATTICE ATOMS AND ELECTRONS HAVE BEEN REPLACED BY A SYSTEM OF RESEARCH PAPERS AND POTENTIAL CITERS RESPECTIVELY. IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE ABOVE MODEL, THE AUTHORS HAVE MADE A NUMBER OF SIMPLIFICATIONS AND ASSUMPTIONS AND DEVELOPED AN ABSORPTION INDEX ACTIVITY TO BE USED AS AN INDEX FOR MEASURING RELATIVE IMPACT OF VARIOUS CONTRIBUTIONS IN A GIVEN FIELD OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH. ******************************************** Document 3118 VIETNAMESE COLLECTIONS IN THE BIBLIOTHEQUE NATIONALE: THEIR UNIQUENESS, ORGANIZATION, AND ACCESSIBILITY. EDITED, TRANSLATED VERSION OF A PAPER PRESENTED IN FRENCH AT THE 46TH IFLA GENERAL CONFERENCE, MANILA, PHILIPPINES, 1980. THE BIBLIOTHEQUE NATIONALE IN PARIS HAS 80% OF THE TOTAL VOLUME OF MATERIAL ON THE INDOCHINESE PENINSULA. OUTLINES THE HISTORICAL BACKGROUND TO ITS VIETNAMESE COLLECTION AND ITS ORGANISATION, CATALOGUING, AND CLASSIFICATION. BRIEFLY DISCUSSES PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH ARRANGING SUCH A COLLECTION (E.G. SHOULD IT BE DIVIDED ACCORDING TO LANGUAGE OR CULTURE?). ******************************************** Document 3119 ANCIENT BULGARIAN MANUSCRIPTS. IN THE COURSE OF BULGARIA'S TURBULENT HISTORY, MUCH OF HER NATIONAL LITERARY HERITAGE WAS DESTROYED. THERE ARE ALSO NUMEROUS ITEMS WHICH ENRICH THE COLLECTIONS OF LIBRARIES AND MUSEUMS ABROAD. IN SPITE OF THAT THE COLLECTIONS OF ANCIENT MANUSCRIPTS IN BULGARIA TODAY ARE STILL AN INVALUABLE SOURCE OF RESEARCH. SCHOLARS WHEN STUDYING THE LAVISH ILLUMINATIONS, FIND NOT ONLY NEW INFORMATION ON THE NATIONAL LITERARY AND CULTURAL HISTORY, BUT ALSO ON THE ARTS. NOWADAYS, THE CYRIL AND METHODIUS NATIONAL LIBRARY IN SOFIA PROUDLY POSSESSES THE LARGER COLLECTIONS OF ANCIENT MANUSCRIPTS REACHING 1400 ITEMS. THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES' CENTRAL LIBRARY, THE LIBRARY AT THE RILSKIJ MONASTERY NATIONAL MUSEUM, THE IVAN VAZOV NATIONAL LIBRARY IN PLOVDIV, THE REGIONAL HISTORIC MUSEUM AT VELIKO TURNOVO, AS WELL AS SOME OTHERS ALSO HAVE COLLECTIONS. LIBRARIANS AND MUSEUMS' STAFF MUST DO THEIR BEST TO PROVIDE PROPER CATALOGUING, AS FOR INSTANCE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SOFIA, IN ORDER TO MAKE THE ANCIENT MANUSCRIPTS AVAILABLE BOTH TO RESEARCH WORKERS AND THE GENERAL PUBLIC. ******************************************** Document 3120 THE TURKISH COLLECTION IN THE FRENCH BIBLIOTHEQUE NATIONALE DEPARTMENT OF MANUSCRIPTS. THE 1ST OF A PROJECTED SERIES OF ARTICLES ON TURKISH MATERIAL IN THE BIBLIOTHEQUE NATIONALE TO MARK THE CENTENARY OF KEMEL ATATURK. THE HISTORY OF THE COLLECTION IS OUTLINED, FROM ITS BEGINNINGS IN THE 17TH CENTURY, WITH DETAILS OF PRIVATE AND PUBLIC COLLECTIONS ADDED, ACQUISITIONS AND GIFTS. THE COMPOSITION OF THE COLLECTION IS DESCRIBED FULLY, WITH NOTES ON THE HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND EXAMPLES OF CHARACTERISTIC ITEMS FROM THE PRE-ISLAMIC, ISLAMIC, AND OTTOMAN PERIODS. ILLUMINATED AND MODERN MANUSCRIPTS ARE DISCUSSED SEPARATELY, AND CATALOGUE PROVISION INDICATED BRIEFLY. ******************************************** Document 3121 HOSPITAL ARCHIVES' THE EXAMPLE OF NOTRE-DAME HOSPITAL, QUEBEC. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF THE NATURE AND LOCATION OF THE ARCHIVE HOLDINGS OF THE NOTRE-DAME HOSPITAL, QUEBEC AND HOW THE PROBLEMS OF DEALING WITH LARGE STORES OF DOCUMENTS DISPERSED OVER NUMEROUS DEPARTMENTS WERE SOLVED. THE INITIAL TOPOGRAPHICAL INVENTORY BASED ON THE DECENTRALISED SITUATION IS ILLUSTRATED, AND FULL DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF THE CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM, CATALOGUING AND INDEXING PROCEDURES EVOLVED TO MEET USER AND DOCUMENT REQUIREMENTS. IN CONCLUSION RECOMMENDATIONS ARE PRESENTED RELATING TO CENTRALISATION OF ALL DOCUMENTS AND CONSERVATION WORK, SHOWING THE ADVANTAGES TO BE GAINED FROM A MORE THOROUGH-GOING ARCHIVAL OVERHAUL. ******************************************** Document 3122 ARCHIVAL RESOURCES AND HISTORY' SOME IDEAS ON A SYSTEMS-PROSPECTUS APPROACH. DISCUSSES THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HISTORICAL RESEARCH AND ARCHIVAL OPERATIONS, WHERE THE INTERDEPENDENCE OF THE 2 CONSTITUTES A SYSTEM RESULTING IN THE PRODUCTION OF HISTORY. TRACES THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONCEPT OF THE ARCHIVE FROM THE 19TH CENTURY ONWARDS, WITH REFERENCE TO THE EVOLUTION OF A CONCEPT OF HISTORY BASED NOT ON THEMATIC OR QUANTITATIVE APPROACHES, BUT SEEKING TO GENERATE NEW OBJECTS OF STUDY. THE CRUCIAL NECESSITY FOR FULL COOPERATION BETWEEN ARCHIVISTS AND RESEARCHERS IS ILLUSTRATED, AND SHOWN TO BE ESSENTIAL FOR A PROSPECTUS READING OF THE PRESENT AND THE PAST, UNENCUMBERED BY TRANSITORY CONTEMPORARY ATTITUDES. ******************************************** Document 3123 ARCHIVES AND DISPLAYING THE HERITAGE. A PAPER DELIVERED AT THE 9TH ANNUAL CONGRESS OF THE QUEBEC ARCHIVISTS ASSOCIATION, WHICH DRAWS ON COMMUNICATION THEORY TO PRESENT A DYNAMIC INTERPRETATION OF THE ARCHIVIST'S ROLE IN MAKING THE PUBLIC AWARE OF THE VALUES OF THE PAST. THE ELEMENTS CONSTITUTING THE PAST ARE DEFINED, AND THE ATTITUDES OF THE HISTORIAN AND THE INTERPRETER COMPARED AND CONTRASTED; THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS IS THEN EXPLAINED AND ILLUSTRATED; AND A DEFINITION OF INTERPRETATION DERIVED AND RELATED TO THE EXHIBITION OF ARCHIVAL MATERIAL. THE ROLE OF THE ARCHIVIST AS TRANSMITTER OF THE MESSAGES OF THE PAST TO THE PUBLIC IS THEN DISCUSSED IN DETAIL, CLARIFYING THE OBJECTIVES WHICH SHOULD BE HIS PRIORITIES. ******************************************** Document 3124 EVALUATION OF REFERENCE COLLECTIONS IN PUBLIC, COMMUNITY COLLEGE, AND HIGH SCHOOL LIBRARIES. BRIEFLY REVIEWS THE LITERATURE RELATING TO THE EVALUATION OF REFERENCE COLLECTIONS IN PUBLIC, COMMUNITY COLLEGE AND HIGH SCHOOL LIBRARIES, AND COMPARES THE VIEWS OF A SAMPLE OF US LIBRARIANS IN THESE 3 TYPES OF LIBRARIES ON THIS EVALUATION. CONCLUDES THAT THERE IS A GAP NOT ONLY BETWEEN WHAT HAS BEEN REPORTED IN THE LITERATURE CONCERNING EVALUATION OF LIBRARY COLLECTIONS AND THE ACTUAL WORLD OF LIBRARIES AND LIBRARIANS, BUT ALSO BETWEEN WHAT LIBRARIANS FEEL IS IMPORTANT AND VALUABLE ABOUT EVALUATION, AND WHAT THEY ARE ACTUALLY DOING IN THEIR LIBRARIES. ******************************************** Document 3125 SEARCHING FOR CONFERENCE LITERATURE (IN CHINESE). DESCRIBES THE AUTHORS' EXPERIENCES CONCERNING THE HANDLING OF CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS AND DISCUSSES THE DEFINITION, CHARACTERISTICS, ACQUISITION, AND REFERENCE TOOLS OF PROCEEDINGS. ******************************************** Document 3126 TOYS AND GAMES IN LIBRARIES. PRESENTS THE VIEWS OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGISTS WHICH JUSTIFY THE CASE FOR TOY LIBRARIES. GIVES THE HISTORY OF TOY LIBRARIES IN THE UK, CONSIDERS ADMINISTRATIVE PROBLEMS AND DISCUSSES POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS. ALSO GIVES EXAMPLES OF TOY LIBRARIES ABROAD, AND SUGGESTS PLANS FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A TOY LIBRARY SERVICE WITHIN THE UK PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICE (SEE ALSO 81/5282-5283). ******************************************** Document 3127 AN UNEASY RELATIONSHIP? AUDIO-VISUAL RESOURCES IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES. DISCUSSES THE RELUCTANCE TO PROMOTE USE OF AUDIO-VISUAL RESOURCES. TRACES THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONCEPT OF PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICES, SHOWING HOW LIBRARIANS HAVE COME TO CONSIDER BOOKS AS THE CHIEF RESOURCE. USERS, HOWEVER, PRIMARILY NEED INFORMATION, AND HERE AUDIO-VISUAL RESOURCES ARE ESSENTIAL FOR EFFICIENT SERVICES. THE KINDS OF RESOURCES AVAILABLE ARE SURVEYED BRIEFLY IN CONCLUSION, WITH SOME INDICATION OF COSTS AND PLANNING PROCEDURES. ******************************************** Document 3128 A COMPARISON OF MEDIA SERVICES OF WASHINGTON COMMUNITY COLLEGES AND OREGON STATE COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES. THE EDUCATIONAL MEDIA PROGRAMMES, STAFFING, AND BUDGETS OF 27 COMMUNITY COLLEGES IN WASHINGTON AND 7 STATE COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES IN OREGON ARE COMPARED IN THIS STUDY. THE RESULTS INDICATE CLOSE SIMILARITY IN THE TYPES OF SERVICES OFFERED. MOST WASHINGTON COMMUNITY COLLEGES HAVE INTEGRATED LIBRARY-MEDIA PROGRAMMES. LESS THAN HALF OF THE STATE COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES IN OREGON HAVE INTEGRATED LIBRARY-MEDIA PROGRAMMES. MEDIA STAFF SIZE APPEARS TO BE LARGER IN OREGON WITH RESPECT TO THE RATIO OF STAFF TO STUDENTS BUT SMALLER IN TERMS OF THE RATIO OF STAFF TO FACULTY. ALTHOUGH THE OVERALL MEDIA DOLLARS SPENT PER STUDENT ARE NOT MUCH DIFFERENT BETWEEN THE 2 STATES, THE WASHINGTON COMMUNITY COLLEGES HAVE A MORE GENEROUS BUDGET FOR OPERATIONS, EQUIPMENT, AND MATERIALS. ******************************************** Document 3129 THE NEEDS OF THE HANDICAPPED READERS MUST BE GIVEN HIGH PRIORITY. DESCRIBES THE WORK OF ARHUS PUBLIC LIBRARIES' AV DEPARTMENT, OPENED IN DEC 80. THE EQUIPMENT INCLUDES RECORD PLAYERS, TAPE RECORDERS, SCREENS FOR SLIDES AND TRANSCRIPT READERS FOR ENLARGEMENT OF TEXT. THE STOCK INCLUDES BOOKS WITH TAPES, TALKING BOOKS FOR ADULTS AND CHILDREN, ART SLIDES, NON-MUSICAL RECORDS AND CASSETTES, EASY READERS, PICTORIAL WORKS AND MAGNAPRINT BOOKS. THE USERS ARE THE BLIND AND PARTIALLY SIGHTED, MOSTLY THE ELDERLY, AND THOSE WITH READING DIFFICULTIES, MOSTLY CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE. NOT ALL MATERIALS, E.G. THE LANGUAGE COURSES AND ART SLIDES, ARE AIMED AT THE HANDICAPPED. LIBRARY SERVICE TO THE HANDICAPPED PLACES GREATER DEMANDS ON THE STAFF THAN OTHER LENDING SERVICES. FEW USERS ARE ABLE TO HELP THEMSELVES TO MATERIAL AND NEED ASSISTANCE FROM THE STAFF; MOST MATERIAL NEEDS TO BE EXAMINED AND PLAYED BEFORE BORROWING AND CHECKING ON RETURN. THE DEPARTMENT BUYS PUBLISHED EDITIONS OF BOOKS CUM TAPES, AND ALSO RECORDS SUITABLE BOOKS ITSELF, BUT DEMAND FOR MATERIAL IS FAR FROM BEING SATISFIED. ******************************************** Document 3130 THE BIRTH OF A NATION, MICROFICHE, AND FILM SCHOLARSHIP. DESCRIBES THE USE OF MICROFICHE FOR THE STORING OF INDIVIDUAL MOTION PICTURE FRAMES-A SORT OF 'VISUAL SCORE' OF THE FILM-AND THE AUTHOR'S WORK ON BIRTH OF A NATION: A FORMAL SHOT-BY-SHOT ANALYSIS TOGETHER WITH MICROFICHE, THE 1ST OFFERING IN RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS, INC.'S CINEMA EDITIONS ON MICROFICHE (CINE/FICHE). OUTLINES HOW SUCH PUBLICATIONS WILL AID THE STUDY OF FILMS AND DESCRIBES THE STRUCTURE OF THE PUBLICATION'S HARD COPY TEXT COMPONENT. ******************************************** Document 3131 POSTCARDS ARE POPULAR, BUT NOT IN YOUR LIBRARY. PRESENTS THE RESULTS OF A SURVEY OF US AND CANADIAN PUBLIC, ACADEMIC, SPECIAL AND ART MUSEUM LIBRARIES REGARDING COLLECTIONS OF POSTCARDS-HOW THEY WERE ORGANISED, HOW UPDATED AND WHO, IF ANYONE, USED THEM. MAKES PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO ART REPRODUCTIONS, MAIL ART AND ARTIST'S POSTCARDS. A LIST OF LIBRARIES RESPONDING TO THE SURVEY IS APPENDED. ******************************************** Document 3132 G&M: WHENCE, WHY, WHITHER?. PAPER PRESENTED AT A MEETING OF THE GEOGRAPHY AND MAP DIVISION DURING THE SPECIAL LIBRARIES ASSOCIATION CONFERENCE, WASHINGTON, DC, JUNE 80. TRACES THE HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE DIVISION, EXPLAINING HOW GEOGRAPHY AND MAP LIBRARIANS BECAME AFFILIATED WITH THE SPECIAL LIBRARIES ASSOCIATION RATHER THAN BEING DRAWN INTO THE AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION'S ORBIT. MENTIONS THE RECENT DEVELOPMENTS WHICH HAVE CAUSED RAPID AND IMPORTANT CHANGES FOR MAP COLLECTIONS AND STATES THAT THE DIVISION STANDS AT THE CROSSROADS. CAN CONSENSUS FOR ITS FUTURE COURSE BE ACHIEVED?. ******************************************** Document 3133 INTRODUCTION TO THE GEOGRAPHY AND MAP LIBRARIES SECTION OF IFLA. HISTORY AND STATE OF THE ART OF THE SECTION, FORMED IN 1969 TO ESTABLISH MAP LIBRARIANSHIP ON A PROFESSIONAL FOOTING. ALSO DESCRIBED ARE THE SECTION'S WORKING GROUPS, WHOSE WORK INCLUDES PUBLICATIONS AND STANDARDS. ******************************************** Document 3134 MICROFILM CONVERSION IN AN ACADEMIC PHYSICS LIBRARY. DISCUSSES THE CONVERSION OF MODERATELY-USED PHYSICS JOURNALS FROM HARD COPY TO ROLL MICROFILM AT THE PHYSICS LIBRARY, UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA AT MINNEAPOLIS. DESPITE INITIAL AND PRE-CONVERSION USER RESISTANCE, CONCLUSIONS BASED ON MONITORING THE USE OF THE FILMED TITLES SUGGESTS THAT MOST NON-INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNALS MORE THAN 10 YEARS OLD CAN BE CONVERTED AS LONG AS GOOD QUALITY POSITIVE PRINTS ARE MADE AVAILABLE TO THE RESEARCHER. ******************************************** Document 3135 MULTUM IN PARVO': APPLICATIONS OF MICROFILM IN CATHEDRAL LIBRARIES.P APER DELIVERED AT THE CATHEDRAL LIBRARIANS CONFERENCE, LONDON, 10 NOV 80. DISCUSSES THE ADVANTAGES ADHERENT IN MICROFILMING ARCHIVAL COLLECTIONS. NOTES ITS PARTICULAR APPLICATION TO PRESERVATION AND SECURITY NEEDS AND TO THE DISSEMINATION TO SCHOLARS AND INSTITUTIONS WORLDWIDE OF COPIES OF RARE AND DIFFICULT-TO-ACCESS MATERIALS FOR USE IN RESEARCH. ******************************************** Document 3136 SETTING UP THE MICROFICHE LIBRARY. A SYSTEMS APPROACH FOR SETTING UP A MICROFICHE LIBRARY/INFORMATION CENTRE IS DISCUSSED. OUTLINES AN OPTIMUM SYSTEM FOR INTRODUCING MICROFICHES IN A LIBRARY/INFORMATION CENTRE BESIDES CONVENTIONAL COPIES TO AVOID THE PROBLEMS FROM THE USER'S POINT OF VIEW. SUGGESTS POINTS TO BE OBSERVED FOR SELECTION OF GOOD MICROFICHE READERS. ******************************************** Document 3137 OPTICAL CONVERSION OF MICROFICHES USING PENTAKTA EQUIPMENT. DISCUSSES THE PROBLEMS FACED BY A LARGE INFORMATION SYSTEM IN THE MAGNIFICATION OF MICROFICHE AND INDICATES THE TECHNOLOGICAL, ORGANISATIONAL, AND ECONOMIC FACTORS WHICH DETERMINE THE EFFICIENCY OF OPTICAL CONVERSION. REVIEWS CONVERSION EQUIPMENT AND DISCUSSES THE USE OF PENTAKTA UNITS. PRESENTS THE RESULTS OF TESTS OF 2 DESIGN ALTERNATIVES USING DIFFERENT TYPES OF READER PROJECTOR/CAMERA ARRANGEMENTS. ******************************************** Document 3138 VIDEOCASSETTE SERVICES IN QUEBEC PUBLIC LIBRARIES' THE PRESENT SITUATION. REPORTS THE RESULTS OF A SMALL SURVEY BY INTERVIEW IN 1981 OF VIDEOCASSETTE SERVICES IN QUEBEC PUBLIC LIBRARIES. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF THE EQUIPMENT AVAILABLE, NUMBER OF LIBRARIES INVOLVED, THE SYSTEMS USED, AND CHOICE OF TITLES. A COMPARISON IS MADE WITH THE U.S.A., AND IN CONCLUSION EXPANSION OF THIS SERVICE AS AN INTEGRAL PART OF LIBRARY PROVISION URGED. ******************************************** Document 3139 VIDEO IN THREE AMERICAN LIBRARIES. DESCRIBES THE EXPERIENCE OF 3 US PUBLIC LIBRARIES WITH VIDEO. THE ACTIVITIES CENTRED AROUND DEVELOPMENT OF A VIDEO COLLECTION AND PRODUCTION OF PROGRAMMES WITH THE LIBRARY'S OWN EQUIPMENT. DONNELL'S PUBLIC LIBRARY, NEW YORK, WAS ONE OF THE FIRST TO BUILD UP A VIDEO COLLECTION; ITS FILM STUDY CENTER, BEGUN IN 1958, EXPANDED IN 1975 WITH THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE VIDEO CENTER. THE CENTER HAS 700 TITLES AND ACCESS TO 200 NON-COMMERCIALLY PRODUCED PROGRAMMES. BOULDER PUBLIC LIBRARY, COLORADO, HAS A MEDIA DEPARTMENT WITH 250 VIDEOGRAMS OF A WIDE VARIETY AND ITS OWN VIDEO PRODUCTION. IN 1978 IT BEGAN TO SET UP A VIDEO REFERENCE CENTRE FOR COLORADO. FORT WASHINGTON PUBLIC LIBRARY, NEAR NEW YORK, HAS HAD A MEDIA WORKSHOP, MEDIA PORT, SINCE 1973, CONSISTING OF A PHOTO, VIDEO AND FILM WORKSHOP, ART DEPARTMENT, AND MEDIA REFERENCE CENTRE. THE AIM OF THE WORKSHOP IS TO GIVE THE LOCAL POPULATION A CHANCE TO EXPRESS THEMSELVES THROUGH THESE MEDIA. TRANSMISSION OF LOCALL Y PRODUCED PROGRAMMES BY THE LIBRARY ON THE LOCAL TV IS PLANNED. THE IMPORTANCE OF VIDEO IN LIBRARIES TO ENSURE DISTRIBUTION OF NON-COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS WAS EVERYWHERE ACKNOWLEDGED. ******************************************** Document 3140 HEBREW MANUSCRIPTS IN NEW YORK LIBRARIES (IN HEBREW). SURVEYS COLLECTIONS OF HEBREW MANUSCRIPTS IN 13 INSTITUTIONAL LIBRARIES AND PRIVATE COLLECTIONS IN NEW YORK CITY. THE MORE IMPORTANT AND INTERESTING MANUSCRIPTS ARE DESCRIBED IN BRIEF. A SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE HEBREW MANUSCRIPTS IN 5 INSTITUTIONAL LIBRARIES AND 1 PRIVATE COLLECTION IN WASHINGTON D.C. AND PHILADELPHIA IS ALSO INCLUDED. ******************************************** Document 3141 SUBJECT RELATIONS IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES' CONSENSUS AND PARADIGM. (PHD THESIS-UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH). ARGUES THAT USE OF A LARGE MULTIDISCIPLINARY MONOGRAPH COLLECTION PROVIDES DATA FOR THE STUDY OF A SOCIOLOGY OF KNOWLEDGE, SPECIFICALLY THE SUBJECT RELATIONS AMONG VARIOUS DISCIPLINES, AND THAT CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF DISCIPLINES CAN BE INFERRED FROM AN EXAMINATION OF THEIR LITERATURE AND ITS USE. TO THIS END, 5 SOCIAL SCIENCE DISCIPLINES ARE STUDIED-GEOGRAPHY, ANTHROPOLOGY, ECONOMICS, SOCIOLOGY, AND POLITICAL SCIENCE. ******************************************** Document 3142 NON-LEGAL REFERENCE BOOKS FOR LAW LIBRARIES. UPDATE TO, AND EXPANSION OF, A BIBLIOGRAPHY PRODUCED BY J. MYRON JACOBSTEIN, AND PUBLISHED IN LAW LIBR. J. (FEB 60). THE BIBLIOGRAPHY IS DIVIDED INTO 2 SECTIONS: THE 1ST INCLUDES 'PERMANENT' TITLES-THOSE UPDATED IRREGULARLY AND INFREQUENTLY AND WHICH THEREFORE DO NOT INVOLVE ONGOING EXPENSE; THE 2ND INCLUDES PERIODICALS, SERVICES, ANNUALS AND BIENNIAL WORKS; MANY OF THE LATTER GROUP HAVE PERMANENT VALUE AND INVOLVE AN ONGOING AND PREDICTABLE COMMITMENT OF LIBRARY FUNDS. ALL LISTED TITLES ARE CURRENTLY IN PRINT AND READILY AVAILABLE FROM ORDINARY SOURCES. ******************************************** Document 3143 FEDERAL ADMINISTRATIVE DECISIONS. BIBLIOGRAPHY OF BOUND VOLUMES, ADVANCE SHEETS, SLIP OPINIONS, INDEXES, AND DIGESTS RELATING TO US FEDERAL ADMINISTRATIVE DECISIONS ARE PUBLISHED IN 2 FORMS' (1) UNOFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS OF COMMERCIAL PUBLISHERS; AND (2) OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS OF THE GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. FOR EACH ENTRY, THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION IS PROVIDED' TITLE, DATES, FREQUENCY, SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS CLASSIFICATION NUMBER, SUBSCRIPTION PRICE, AND AVAILABILITY OF MICROFORMS AND REPRINTS. DETAILS OF AVAILABILITY THROUGH LEXIS ARE PROVIDED, AND ALL ENTRIES ARE BRIEFLY ANNOTATED. ******************************************** Document 3144 SUBJECT SOURCE ANALYSIS' ACCESS CHARACTERISTICS OF OBSCENITY LAW RESEARCH MATERIALS. ILLUSTRATES, THROUGH THE EXPLORATION OF ONE SUBJECT AREA, THE STRENGTHS AND FLAWS OF SOME OF THE STANDARD TOOLS IN LEGAL RESEARCH. WHILST WORKING THROUGH THE SUBJECT OF OBSCENITY THROWS LIGHT ON ONLY ONE SUBJECT SPECIALITY, IT REVEALS PARADIGMS APPLICABLE TO ALL RESEARCH ENDEAVOURS. ******************************************** Document 3145 ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION FLOW AND OBSOLESCENCE IN THE LITERATURE OF BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANES. SURVEYS INFORMATION TRANSFER AND OBSOLESCENCE IN THE LITERATURE OF MEDICO-BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH ON MEMBRANES IN THE PERIOD 1962-79. A STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF LITERATURE ON INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH RELYING UPON THE 2INDEX MEDICUS 1HAS SHOWN THAT THE 1ST PROGRESSIVE STAGE OF RESEARCH ON MEMBRANES FALLS BETWEEN 1966 AND 1972. AFTER A RELATIVE STAGNATION IN 1972-75 INTERNATIONAL LITERATURE SHOWS DEVELOPMENT TRENDS AGAIN. DETAILED PROFESSIONAL ANALYSIS INDICATES DYNAMIC DEVELOPMENT OF SOME BASIC RESEARCH FIELDS (E.G. ARTIFICIAL MEMBRANES) FROM 1972 ON. ******************************************** Document 3146 A CITATION ANALYSIS OF INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS OF A RESEARCH BRANCH' A CASE STUDY OF SOLAR ENERGY RESEARCH IN THE USSR. DISCUSSES THE INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS OF A RESEARCH SPECIALITY IN A COUNTRY BY TAKING A CASE STUDY OF SOLAR CONCENTRATOR AND COLLECTOR RESEARCH IN THE USSR. THE VARIOUS FACTORS ARE IDENTIFIED, WHICH ASSESS THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SPECIALITY. ******************************************** Document 3147 THE INFORMATION PROFILE OF A PLANT PATHOLOGIST' A BIBLIOMETRIC STUDY. ATTEMPTS TO STUDY THE WORKS OF AN INTERNATIONALLY REPUTED PLANT VIROLOGIST (INDIAN BORN) SETTLED IN CANADA. IT IS A BIBLIOMETRIC STUDY OF HIS WORKS AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE WORLD LITERATURE THROUGH 2SCIENCE CITATION INDEX1. ******************************************** Document 3148 A STUDY OF LIBRARIES AND DOCUMENTATION CENTRES SPECIALISING IN ETHNOMUSICOLOGY IN THE U.S.A. A REPORT OF A STUDY TRIP, UNDER THE COMMISSION FOR FRANCO-AMERICAN CULTURAL EXCHANGE PROGRAMME FOR 1978-79, TO INVESTIGATE U.S. ETHNOMUSICOLOGICAL ARCHIVE ORGANISATION. PRESENTS A PRELIMINARY PICTURE OF THE GENERAL SITUATION' U.S. ETHNOMUSICOLOGY COLLECTIONS HAVE NO ORGANISED NETWORK SYSTEM OR REGULAR CATALOGUING PROCEDURES, BUT USUALLY OPERATE CONSIDERABLE PUBLICATION PROGRAMMES. COVERS THE ORGANISATION AND OPERATION OF THE ARCHIVES IN THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, UNIVERSITY OF INDIANA, MEMPHIS STATE UNIVERSITY, AND THE NASHVILLE COUNTRY MUSIC FOUNDATION. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF HOLDINGS, SPECIAL ACTIVITIES TO PROMOTE PUBLIC INTEREST, AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR USER ACCESS. COMPARES THE U.S. SITUATION WITH THAT OF FRANCE IN RELATION TO FRANCO-AFRICAN STUDIES. ******************************************** Document 3149 EMILIA-ROMAGNA' PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS FOR LIBRARIES. A DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT SITUATION IN A NORTH ITALIAN PROVINCE, WHERE SERVICES ARE UNCOORDINATED AND UNEVENLY DISTRIBUTED. DRAWING ON AN INDEPENDENT SURVEY PUBLISHED IN 1979, GIVES DETAILS OF THE VARIOUS LIBRARY SYSTEMS IN OPERATION, AT REGIONAL AND LOCAL LEVELS' UNIVERSITY, CHURCH, SCHOOL, LOCAL AND PRIVATE. THE INEQUALITY OF SERVICE PROVISION IS DEMONSTRATED, AND THE NEED FOR A REGIONAL POLICY INVOLVING CREATION OF NEW LIBRARIES AND RATIONALISATION OF EXISTING RESOURCES SHOWN. THE OPERATION OF URBAN LIBRARY SYSTEMS IN BOLOGNA AND MODENA IS DESCRIBED, AND THE PROJECTED NETWORK SERVICE, BASED ON DESIGNATED LIBRARY CONSORTIA, SUCH AS BOLOGNA-FERRARA, IS DISCUSSED. FINALLY THE RELUCTANCE OF THE REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION TO PROVIDE ESSENTIAL LEGISLATION FOR REORGANISING AND RESTRUCTURING LIBRARY SERVICES IS CONDEMNED AS THE ROOT FACTOR INHIBITING NETWORK DEVELOPMENT. ******************************************** Document 3150 VENETO' TOWARDS A POLICY LINE FOR LIBRARIES. AN ANALYSIS OF THE PROBLEMS BESETTING THE ORGANISATION AND OPERATION OF LIBRARY SERVICES IN A NORTH ITALIAN REGION, IN RELATION TO INDEPENDENT PROPOSALS FOR A TOTAL RESTRUCTURING OF THE SYSTEM. THE ACTUAL AND POTENTIAL ROLES OF EACH COMPONENT ARE EXAMINED IN DETAIL' THE STATE AND ITS RESPONSIBILITY FOR A NATIONAL LIBRARY NETWORK; THE REGION AND THE NEED FOR LEGAL INTERVENTION TO CREATE A BASIS FOR AN EFFECTIVE LIBRARY SYSTEM; CELBIV, THE REGIONAL PUBLISHERS' COOPERATIVE SERVING PUBLIC AND SCHOOL LIBRARIES, AND THE NEED TO CAPITALISE ON THE RESOURCES IT OFFERS; THE PROVINCE AND THE ORGANISATION OF COMPREHENSIVE SERVICES; AND THE TOWN, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO PROJECTED IMPROVEMENTS IN VENICE. AN APPENDIX CONTAINS THE RECENT PROPOSALS FROM CELBIV TO ESTABLISH A BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SERVICE TO PUBLIC AND SCHOOL LIBRARIES, COVERING CHILDREN'S BOOKS ONLY, WHICH WOULD INCLUDE CATALOGUING SERVICES AND AN INFORMATION CENTRE. ******************************************** Document 3151 THE CANADIAN PUBLIC ARCHIVES AND THE REPORT ENTITLED THE FUTURE OF THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF CANADA. A SLIGHTLY CONDENSED VERSION OF A PAPER PRESENTED AT THE 9TH ANNUAL CONGRESS OF THE QUEBEC ARCHIVISTS' ASSOCIATION, BY A MEMBER OF THE COMMITTEE ESTABLISHED BY THE CANADIAN PUBLIC ARCHIVES TO REPLY TO THE NATIONAL LIBRARY REPORT OF 1979. DEALS WITH THE RECOMMENDATIONS MADE FOR TRANSFERRING MAPS, MANUSCRIPTS AND MUSIC FROM THE PUBLIC ARCHIVES TO THE NATIONAL LIBRARY, INSISTING ON THE RETENTION OF THE DIVISION OF MATERIAL BETWEEN THE 2 INSTITUTIONS ACCORDING TO PHYSICAL FORM, NOT SUBJECT MATTER. SHOWS HOW THE PRESENT ARRANGEMENT CAME INTO BEING BY INTENTION, NOT ACCIDENT; THE UNNECESSARY EXPENSE INVOLVED IN CREATING AN ARCHIVE SECTION AT THE NATIONAL LIBRARY; AND THE IRRELEVANCE OF FOREIGN MODELS TO THE CANADIAN SITUATION. REFERENCE IS MADE TO THE LEGISLATION CURRENTLY IN FORCE, AND THE NATIONAL LIBRARY RECOMMENDATIONS FINALLY DISMISSED AS IMPRACTICAL AND ILL-CONCEIVED. ******************************************** Document 3152 RESOURCE NOTEBOOK ON PLANNING. FOCUSES ON LIBRARY PLANNING. AN INTRODUCTION PROVIDES BACKGROUND AND A CONCEPTUAL OVERVIEW OF LIBRARY PLANNING PROCESSES. THE FIRST SECTION OF DOCUMENTS PROVIDES EXAMPLES OF DATA GATHERING TOOLS AND APPROACHES TO GATHERING INFORMATION, THE SECOND GROUP OF DOCUMENTS ILLUSTRATES METHODS OF DESCRIBING AND ANALYSING PLANNING NEEDS, AND THE FINAL SECTION CONTAINS EXAMPLES OF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR NEW APPROACHES TO PLANNING WHICH HAVE BEEN MADE BY LIBRARIES. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 3153 PROGRESS IN EDP NETWORK SYSTEMS' LIBRARY NETWORKS AND ODIN PROGRAMME. AFTER A DISCUSSION OF THE PLANS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIBRARY NETWORKS ACCORDING TO THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE GERMAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION AND OTHER LIBRARY, INFORMATION AND BOOK TRADE NETWORKS ACCORDING TO THE ODIN PROGRAMME SPONSORED BY THE FEDERAL MINISTRY FOR RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY, THE PROGRESS MADE BY THE REGIONAL LIBRARY NETWORKS, BY THE NATIONAL SERIALS DATA BASE, BY THE NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHIC AGENCY, AND BY THE BOOK TRADE IS REPORTED. ******************************************** Document 3154 THE CURRENT STAGE OF INTER-DEPARTMENTAL LIBRARY COOPERATION. STAGES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTER-LIBRARY COOPERATION IN THE USSR CAN BE TRACED OVER THE LAST 30 YEARS. COOPERATION IS OF 3 TYPES' WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF A DEPARTMENT; INVOLVING LIBRARIES FROM SEVERAL DEPARTMENTS BUT ON THE SAME SITE OR IN THE SAME ECONOMIC FIELD; OR WITHOUT ANY SUCH BOUNDARIES. THE KEY ELEMENT IS INTEGRATION' THE PLANNED COMBINATION OF RESOURCES FROM DIFFERENT LIBRARIES TO ENSURE THEIR EFFECTIVE EXPLOITATION. THIS IS THE BASIS FOR THE FORMATION OF A REGIONAL LIBRARY NETWORK. IN THE LONG-TERM, SUCH INTEGRATED SYSTEMS WILL HAVE AN INCREASINGLY IMPORTANT ROLE TO PLAY IN SOVIET LIBRARIANSHIP. ******************************************** Document 3155 PROGRESS IN THE THEORY OF LIBRARY COORDINATION AND COOPERATION IN SCANDINAVIAN COUNTRIES. THE BEGINNING OF COOPERATION AND COORDINATION IN SCANDINAVIA IN THE SPHERE OF LIBRARIANSHIP, BIBLIOGRAPHY AND INFORMATION CAN BE SEEN IN THE THEORETICAL STUDIES OF THE 1950S. IT WAS THEN THAT THE SCANDIA-PLAN, AN INTERGOVERNMENTAL PLAN OF COORDINATED ACQUISITIONS OF FOREIGN LITERATURE, WAS STARTED. RESEARCH INTO COOPERATION HAS DEVELOPED ALONG 3 MAIN LEVELS-NATIONAL, SCANDINAVIAN AND INTERNATIONAL-AND THIS APPROACH IS REFLECTED IN THE RESEARCH METHODS EMPLOYED. MATHEMATICAL METHODS ARE USED IN SCANDINAVIAN STUDIES AND STATISTICAL MATHEMATICS ARE THE NORM ON THE INTERNATIONAL LEVEL. THE SCANDINAVIAN SUCCESS IN LIBRARY COOPERATION DESERVES GREATER ATTENTION ON THE PART OF SOVIET LIBRARIANS. ******************************************** Document 3156 INVESTIGATION OF A COMPUTERIZED NETWORK TO FACILITATE RESOURCE SHARING WITHIN THE VA LIBRARY NETWORK (VALNET). VOLUME 1. THE PURPOSE OF THIS PROJECT IS THE INVESTIGATION OF A COMPUTERISED NETWORK TO FACILITATE RESOURCE SHARING WITHIN THE VA LIBRARY NETWORK. THE PROJECT CONSISTS OF 3 PHASES' (1) INFORMATION GATHERING, ANALYSIS, AND SYNTHESIS; (2) PROBLEM DEFINITION; AND (3) REQUIREMENTS FORMULATION. ******************************************** Document 3157 APPLYING GAME THEORY TO LIBRARY NETWORKS. THE APPLICATION OF GAME THEORY TO LIBRARY NETWORKS CONSISTS OF 4 BASIC SUBJECTS' THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SYSTEMATIC WAY TO STUDY INDIVIDUAL COALITIONS, THE CALCULATION OF THE COSTS OF A NETWORK, THE CALCULATION OF THE GROSS BENEFITS FOR THE WHOLE NETWORK, THE STABILITY OF THE NETWORK. CONCENTRATES ON THE 1ST AND LAST OF THESE SUBJECTS. COALITIONS ARE COMPARED IN A SYSTEMATIC WAY BY 1ST DEFINING COALITIONS AND INTRODUCING THE CONCEPT OF A DIVISION. THE LATTER IS DEFINED AS A UNIQUE COMBINATION OF COALITIONS SUCH THAT EVERY PARTICIPATING LIBRARY IS A MEMBER OF 1 AND ONLY 1 COALITION AND THE DIVISION EXHAUSTS ALL 'N' LIBRARIES. ******************************************** Document 3158 THE PUBLIC LIBRARY AS A SOCIAL MILIEU. IN DENMARK THE PUBLIC LIBRARY IS THE CENTRE OF COMMUNICATION AND CULTURE, SINCE THERE IS MORE EMPHASIS HERE THAN IN GERMANY ON THEATRICAL AND MUSICAL ACTIVITIES. LIBRARIES ARE BUILT MAINLY FROM WOOD, SLATE AND GLASS, WITH A STRUCTURE DESIGNED TO SUIT A WIDE RANGE OF ACTIVITIES; THEY ARE ALWAYS SITUATED CENTRALLY WITHIN THEIR AREA. PUPPET THEATRES, TOYS, FACILITIES FOR PAINTING AND LISTENING TO MUSIC AND EVEN LITTLE PUSH-CHAIRS FOR THE SMALLEST CHILDREN ARE PROVIDED IN LIBRARIES WITH A LARGE PROPORTION OF CHILD READERS. ALL LIBRARIES CONTAIN AT LEAST ONE ROOM FOR MEETINGS. BASIC STOCKS ALWAYS CONTAIN GERMAN AND ENGLISH LANGUAGE MATERIAL AND TALKING BOOKS FOR THE OLD AND PARTIALLY SIGHTED. BOOKS ARE TAKEN OUT TO THE HOUSEBOUND AND HANDICAPPED; LIBRARIES EVEN SUPPLY CHILDREN'S BOOKS FOR USE IN PAEDIATRICIANS' WAITING-ROOMS. ******************************************** Document 3159 THE PLACE OF THE NATIONAL LIBRARY IN THE COUNTRY'S LIBRARY SYSTEM (THE REALISATION OF THE PROGRAMME OF THE UNIFIED NATIONAL LIBRARY-INFORMATION SYSTEM). DISCUSSES THE PROGRAMME OF THE YUGOSLAV NATIONAL LIBRARY-INFORMATION SYSTEM WHICH IS BEING DEVELOPED IN THE CONTEXT OF NATIS OBJECTIVES. THE PROGRAMME IS DIVIDED INTO 6 MAIN PARTS' ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT STATE OF LIBRARIES OF ALL TYPES ON THE BASIS OF UNIFICATION CRITERIA; DEVELOPMENT OF A DATA BASE UTILISING THE RESOURCES OF THE CENTRAL LIBRARIES OF INDIVIDUAL REPUBLICS; PROCESSING LIBRARY MATERIALS ACCORDING TO INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS WITH A VIEW TO THE COMPILATION OF UNION CATALOGUES; PREPARATION OF BIBLIOGRAPHIES ON REPUBLICAN AND NATIONAL LEVEL; COMPILATION OF UNION CATALOGUES AND THEIR AUTOMATION; COORDINATION OF EXISTING LIBRARY-INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND UTILISATION OF INTERNATIONAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS (AGRIS, INIS, MEDLARS ETC.). ******************************************** Document 3160 DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL MANPOWER FOR INFORMATION SERVICE' A MODEL. DEFINES THE PLACE OF THE INFORMATION SERVICE SYSTEM IN A TOTAL INFORMATION SYSTEM IN THE CONTEXT OF INDIAN NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT. ANALYSES THE IMPLICATIONS OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION AND TAKES NOTE OF THE EXPECTATIONS FROM A PROFESSIONAL TO BE ENGAGED IN AN INFORMATION SERVICE. ENUMERATES THE NECESSARY KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS AND UNDERSTANDING THAT AN INFORMATION PROFESSIONAL MUST POSSESS. PROPOSES A DESIGN OF A PROFESSIONAL MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM SPECIFYING THE PARTICIPATING AGENCIES AND A FULL COMPLEMENT OF PROGRAMMES AT DIFFERENT LEVELS THAT CAN ENSURE THE REQUIRED QUALITY AND QUANTITY. ******************************************** Document 3161 LONG-RANGE PROGRAM FOR LIBRARY SERVICE IN NEW HAMPSHIRE. REVISED. THE PROGRAM DESCRIBED IN THIS REPORT (1980-1984) WAS DEVELOPED TO IMPLEMENT THE PROVISIONS OF THE LIBRARY SERVICES AND CONSTRUCTION ACT (LSCA) WHICH PROVIDE FOR FEDERAL AID TO ASSIST THE STATES IN (1) ESTABLISHING, EXTENDING, AND IMPROVING PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICES IN DEVELOPING AREAS' (2) CONSTRUCTING PUBLIC LIBRARIES, (3) PROVIDING SERVICES FOR THE HANDICAPPED AND OTHER DISADVANTAGED PERSONS; (4) STRENGTHENING THE STATE LIBRARY ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCY; AND (5) PROMOTING INTERLIBRARY COOPERATION. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 3162 TEXAS STATE LIBRARY LONG RANGE PLAN, 1981-1985. UPDATES. PUBLIC ACCESS NEEDS FOR LIBRARIES OF ALL TYPES ARE ASSESSED AND PLANS OF ACTION TO MEET THESE NEEDS ARE PRESENTED IN THIS UPDATE OF THE TEXAS STATE LIBRARY'S 5 YEAR PLAN. OBJECTIVES FOR THE NEXT 5 YEARS CENTRE AROUNG DEVELOPMENT OF LIBRARY SERVICES FOR THE GENERAL PUBLIC, THE DISADVANTAGED, THE HANDICAPPED, AND FOR INSTITUTIONS. IN ADDITION, PLANS OF ACTION ARE PRESENTED FOR INCREASED VIDEO AND FILM RESOURCES AND FOR EXPANDED LIBRARY COOPERATION NETWORKS. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 3163 PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT IN FEDERAL LIBRARIES' A HANDBOOK. (TEXT IN ENGLISH AND FRENCH.) THE INTEGRATED LIBRARY SYSTEMS COMMITTEE OF THE COUNCIL OF FEDERAL LIBRARIES WAS FORMED IN 1976 TO STUDY AND ASSESS THE IMPACT OF INTEGRATED LIBRARY SYSTEMS ON THE CANADIAN FEDERAL GOVERNMENT LIBRARY NETWORK, AND IN 1976 IT APPOINTED A WORKING GROUP ON PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT TO EXAMINE FEDERAL LIBRARY PERFORMANCE AND TO FACILITATE THE DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES IN FEDERAL LIBRARIES. FULFILS THE GROUPS FIRST 2 TASKS' OFFERS A COMPENDIUM OF INFORMATION AND INTERPRETATION OF THE CONCEPT OF PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT, AND PRESENTS THE RESULTS OF A SURVEY OF PERFORMANCE MEASURE ACTIVITIES IN FEDERAL LIBRARIES. THE HANDBOOK IS INTENDED AS A TOOL TO AID IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PARTICULAR MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES OR SYSTEMS IN FEDERAL LIBRARIES. ******************************************** Document 3164 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND INNOVATION IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES. A STUDY WAS CONDUCTED IN 4 NORTH AMERICAN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES TO ASSESS JERALD HAGE AND MICHAEL AIKEN'S THEORY THAT THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE STRUCTURAL VARIABLE COMPLEXITY AND RATE OF INNOVATION IS POSITIVE AND THAT IT IS NEGATIVE FOR CENTRALISATION, FORMALISATION, AND STRATIFICATION. FINDINGS SUPPORT THE THEORY AND THE METHODOLOGY, WITH SOME MODIFICATIONS, WAS SHOWN TO BE TRANSFERABLE. ******************************************** Document 3165 LIBRARY DATA COLLECTION HANDBOOK. DESCRIBES BASIC MANAGEMENT INFORMATION USEFUL IN ACADEMIC, PUBLIC, SCHOOL, AND SPECIAL LIBRARIES. AN UNDERLYING PREMISE OF THE HANDBOOK IS THAT ALL TYPES OF LIBRARIES HAVE A COMMON SET OF FUNCTIONS, PURPOSES, AND RESOURCES WHICH OUTWEIGH THE DIFFERENCES IN SETTING, SIZE, OR ORGANISATIONAL GOALS. PRESENTS A SET OF CATEGORIES OF INFORMATION THAT ARE JUDGED TO BE IMPORTANT IN DESCRIBING THE LIBRARY, AND PROVIDES DEFINITION OF THOSE CATEGORIES. ******************************************** Document 3166 TOWARDS PROBLEM-ORIENTED INFORMATION SYSTEM' A NEW PERSPECTIVE FOR INFORMATION ORGANISATION IN U.S. DISCUSSES A RECENT REPORT PUBLISHED IN THE USA THAT SUGGESTS A NEW PERSPECTIVE FOR ORGANISING INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR PROBLEM-SOLVING. THE ORGANISING PRINCIPLE IS SCIENCE, TECHNICAL AND SOCIETAL INFORMATION (STSI) FOR THIS PURPOSE. EXAMINES THE RELEVANCE OF THIS STUDY TO THE SITUATION OBTAINING IN INDIA. ******************************************** Document 3167 MALPRACTICE LIABILITY' MYTH OR REALITY. MALPRACTICE MAY BE DEFINED AS ANY PROFESSIONAL MISCONDUCT OR UNREASONABLE LACK OF SKILL IN THE PERFORMANCE OF PROFESSIONAL DUTIES THROUGH INTENTIONAL CARELESSNESS OR SIMPLE IGNORANCE. ARGUES THAT LIBRARIANS AS PROFESSIONALS COULD POSSIBLY BE SUED FOR MALPRACTICE, ALTHOUGH SUCH A CASE HAS NOT YET OCCURRED. SUGGESTS MEANS BY WHICH LIBRARIANS MAY HELP TO AVOID THE POSSIBILITY OF MALPRACTICE. CONCLUDES THAT THE LIBRARY PROFESSION MUST MAKE RENEWED EFFORTS TOWARD IMPROVING THE COMPETENCY OF THE PROFESSIONAL PRACTITIONER. ******************************************** Document 3168 POLICY MANUAL. EUGENE PUBLIC LIBRARY, LIBRARY BOARD, EUGENE, OREGON. PREPARED FOR THE LIBRARY AND THE LIBRARY BOARD; THIS POLICY MANUAL GOVERNS THE OPERATIONS OF THE LIBRARY AND ITS RELATIONSHIPS WITH OTHER LIBRARIES AND THE COMMUNITY. THE MANUAL OPENS WITH A SHORT HISTORY OF THE LIBRARY AND A STATEMENT OF THE BYLAWS OF THE LIBRARY BOARD, INCLUDING EXCERPTS FROM THE CITY CODE. A STATEMENT OF GOALS AND OBJECTIVES FOR 1979 IS PROVIDED, AND OPERATING POLICIES ARE PRESENTED IN SEPARATE SECTIONS ON MATERIALS SELECTION, EXHIBITS, PRIVACY OF RECORDS, A CODE OF ETHICS FOR LIBRARY EMPLOYEES, REGULATIONS AFFECTING THE PUBLIC, RULES FOR THE USE OF THE LIBRARY BY GROUPS, AND A STATEMENT ENDORSING COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATION WITH OTHER LIBRARIES. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 3169 ON THE ART OF MANAGEMENT IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES' A PROLEGOMENON. DISCUSSES 3 ASPECTS OF THE ACADEMIC LIBRARY MANAGER'S RESPONSIBILITY' MANAGING RELATIONS OF THE LIBRARY WITH THE REST OF THE INSTITUTION (INVOLVING THE LIBRARY IN THE FORMULATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INSTITIONAL OBJECTIVES); MANAGING CONFLICTS WITHIN THE LIBRARY (THE MOST APPROPRIATE ATTITUDE BEING A CONSULTATIVE ADMINISTRATIVE STYLE DISTINGUISHED BY THE DEVELOPMENT OF AUTHORITY RATHER THAN RELIANCE ON LEGISLATED POWER); AND MANAGING CHANGES WROUGHT BY TECHNOLOGY (PERCEIVING TECHNOLOGY AS A MORE EFFICIENT MEANS FOR OBTAINING THE LIBRARY'S TRADITIONAL GOALS). ******************************************** Document 3170 METHODOLOGICAL GUIDANCE TO LIBRARIES. THE AIM OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF BULGARIA IS TO TRANSFORM ALL BULGARIAN CITIZENS INTO HARMONIOUS PERSONALITIES. THIS EFFORT REQUIRES SUBSTANTIAL PARTICIPATION BY LIBRARIES, BOTH PUBLIC AND SPECIAL. THE NUMBER OF READERS AND FREQUENCY OF LOANS MUST BE MONITORED. THUS LIBRARIANS MUST BECOME FAMILIAR NOT ONLY WITH THEIR READERS' INTERESTS BUT ALSO WITH THE DETAILS OF THE LITERATURE PRESENTED TO THEM. LIBRARIANS MUST NOT BE LEFT ALONE BUT ASSISTED AND GUIDED EVEN MORE THAN BEFORE BY EXPERT ADVISERS, WORKING IN PARTICULAR AT THE METHODOLOGICAL CENTRES OF REGIONAL CENTRAL LIBRARIES. THEIR WORK MUST BE ADAPTED TO THE NEW, MUCH MORE COMPLICATED REQUIREMENTS OF THE 1980S AND BE MORE EFFICIENT, TOO. BUREAUCRACY AND FORMALISM HAVE TO BE ELIMINATED, ACTIVITIES MUCH BETTER COORDINATED. THE CYRIL AND METHODIUS NATIONAL LIBRARY IN SOFIA MUST RETAIN LEADERSHIP IN THIS FIELD. ******************************************** Document 3171 SERIAL COST EFFICIENCY-A MODEL AND CASE STUDY (IN HEBREW). HIGH RATE INFLATION IN PERIODICAL SUBSCRIPTION PRICES WITHOUT ADEQUATE BUDGET INCREMENTS FORCE MANY LIBRARIES TO FREEZE NEW SUBSCRIPTIONS AND IN MANY CASES TO CANCEL SUBSCRIPTIONS. THE PROCESS OF DESELECTION RAISES THE QUESTION OF WHICH TITLES WILL BE RETAINED AND WHICH WILL BE DISCONTINUED. SUGGESTS THAT THE EVALUATION OF THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF THE VARIOUS TITLES WILL BE DONE BY USING A COST EFFICIENCY FORMULA. THE FORMULA COMBINES 2 FACTORS, THE PRICE OF SUBSCRIPTION AND THE MEASURED USE OF THE JOURNAL, AND RANKS PERIODICALS IN A GIVEN COLLECTION IN A DESCENDING ORDER' AT THE TOP WILL BE THE MOST COST-EFFICIENT TITLE AND AT THE BOTTOM THE LEAST COST-EFFICIENT TITLE. THIS FORMULA WAS TRIED IN CONJUNCTION WITH A USE STUDY OF THE JUDAICA READING ROOM'S OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES DURING 1978. ******************************************** Document 3172 LIBRARY SYSTEMS ANALYSIS 2' PLANNING TECHNIQUES. THE SYSTEMS ANALYST MUST 1ST LEARN EVERYTHING ABOUT THE PRESENT SYSTEM AND ITS SHORTCOMINGS, THEN FIND OUT WHAT IS NEEDED TO OVERCOME THESE SHORTCOMINGS. BRIEFLY DISCUSSES THE TECHNIQUES OF INTERVIEWING, INPUT/OUTPUT ANALYSIS, OBSERVATION AND DATA RECORDING. ******************************************** Document 3173 SOME THOUGHTS ON THE FINANCING OF LIBRARIES. ARGUES THAT SAVING MONEY FOR THE UNIVERSITY BY CUTTING ITS LIBRARY BUDGET IS COUNTERPRODUCTIVE. THE ARGUMENT IS APPLIED TO SUCH AREAS AS STAFF CUTS AND PROCESSING BACKLOGS, SERIOUS REDUCTIONS IN SERVICE LEADING TO UNDERMINING OF THE LIBRARY'S SUPPORTIVE ROLE FOR THE UNIVERSITY'S TEACHING AND RESEARCH FUNCTION. ARGUES THAT RATIONALISATION OF SUBJECT INTERESTS AND SUBJECTS TAUGHT BY THE UNIVERSITIES IN AN AREA SHOULD LEAD TO MORE EFFICIENT USE OF RESOURCES. ******************************************** Document 3174 THE RESEARCH LIBRARIES ARE LIMPING SADLY BEHIND-SHOWS NEW REPORT ON THE CONDITIONS OF RESEARCH IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR. ACCORDING TO A REPORT ISSUED IN APRIL 81 BY THE RESEARCH SECRETARIAT, DENMARK LAGS BEHIND OTHER EUROPEAN COUNTRIES IN ITS SUPPORT FOR RESEARCH, BOTH PUBLIC AND PRIVATE. THE REPORT DEALS SEPARATELY WITH RESEARCH LIBRARIES AND DESCRIBES THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE CUTS BOTH FOR LIBRARIES AND THEIR MOTHER INSTITUTIONS; IT SHOWS THAT THE LIBRARIES USE LESS THAN 10% OF THE EXPENDITURE ON RESEARCH. INCLUDES COMMENTS ON THE REPORT BY THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF THE JOINT COUNCIL OF RESEARCH LIBRARIES. THE COMMITTEE SUPPORTS THE CONCLUSION THAT THE RESEARCH LIBRARIES' ECONOMIC PROBLEMS SHOULD BE SOLVED IN CONJUNCTION WITH, AND PREFERABLY BEFORE, ANY CHANGE IN THEIR STRUCTURE AND MANAGEMENT. IT POINTS OUT THAT FIGURES FOR RUNNING COSTS OF RESEARCH LIBRARIES UNDER THE CULTURAL MINISTRY, AFTER ADJUSTMENT, SHOW A GREATER FALL THAN OF THOSE UNDER THE EDUCATION MINISTRY. ******************************************** Document 3175 LIBRARIANSHIP IN THE UNDERDEVELOPED COUNTRIES. PAPER PRESENTED AT A CONFERENCE ON READING MATERIALS FOR LIBRARY EDUCATION, WEST BERLIN, 15-20 DEC 80. IN THE UNDERDEVELOPED COUNTRIES THE AVERAGE CITIZEN IS POOR AND ILLITERATE AND 90% OF THE POPULATION LIVES IN RURAL AREAS, WHERE TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION SERVICES ARE EXTREMELY LIMITED. IN MOST UNDERDEVELOPED COUNTRIES THE FINANCIAL BUDGET ALLOCATED TO LIBRARY STAFF AND BOOKSTOCK IS EXTREMELY LIMITED. IN ADDITION, IN SOME COUNTRIES CONSIDERABLE SUMS HAVE BEEN SPENT ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF CITY LIBRARIES TO U.K. AND U.S.A. STANDARDS WITH A CONSEQUENT REDUCTION IN FUNDS FOR RURAL AREAS. THE AVAILABLE RESOURCES SHOULD BE DIVIDED MORE EVENLY TO PROVIDE IMPROVED SERVICES THROUGHOUT THE ENTIRE COUNTRY. ******************************************** Document 3176 ANDREW CARNEGIE'S ROLE IN AMERICAN PUBLIC LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT. (PHD DISSERTATION-UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN). OVER $40 MILLION IN CARNEGIE GRANTS WAS DONATED TO 1,412 US COMMUNITIES BETWEEN 1886 AND 1917. ANALYSES THESE GRANTS IN DETAIL; DESCRIBES THE MECHANISM OF GRANT DISTRIBUTION; PAINTS PORTRAITS OF THE LEADING PEOPLE INVOLVED; AND EVALUATES ANDREW CARNEGIE'S EFFECT ON US PUBLIC LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT, CONCLUDING THAT HIS INFLUENCE IS STILL BEING FELT. ******************************************** Document 3177 THE AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND RESPONSE TO CCNY GRANTS FOR LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT. AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND LIBRARIANSHIP HAD MUCH IN COMMON IN THE 1930S, STEMMING FROM A COMMON UK TRADITION, YET EACH COUNTRY MADE QUITE A DIFFERENT RESPONSE TO THE CARNEGIE CORPORATION OF NEW YORK AID PROGRAMME TO STIMULATE LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT. THE NEW ZEALAND RESPONSE WAS MUCH MORE POSITIVE AND MANY DEVELOPMENTS TOOK PLACE IN THE 1930S-40S; IN AUSTRALIA, SOME EQUIVALENT DEVELOPMENTS WERE NOT ACCOMPLISHED UNTIL THE 1960S. EXAMINES THE REASONS FOR THIS. ******************************************** Document 3178 ON THE QUESTION OF CHARGING FOR PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICES. A STATEMENT FROM THE DEUTSCHER BIBLIOTHEKSVERBAND (GERMAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION.) THE CHARGES UNDER DISCUSSION ARE FOR THE LOAN OF BOOKS, PERIODICALS AND OTHER MEDIA, AND DO NOT REFER TO SPECIAL SERVICES SUCH AS PHOTOCOPYING. THE ASSOCIATION IS STRONGLY OPPOSED TO CHARGES BEING MADE FOR BASIC SERVICES WHICH IT REGARDS AS A RETROGRADE STEP THAT COULD ONLY HARM THE PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICE AND DETRACT FROM ITS EDUCATIONAL AND SOCIAL VALUE IN THE COMMUNITY. THE DETRIMENTAL EFFECTS FAR OUTWEIGH ANY POSSIBLE FINANCIAL GAIN. ******************************************** Document 3179 THE LIBRARY SITUATION IN ENGLAND' INCREASING DEMAND FOR SELF-FINANCING OF SERVICE IMPROVEMENTS. EXAMINES THE STATE OF LIBRARIES IN THE UK. DURING THE LAST 5 YEARS PUBLIC LIBRARIES ESPECIALLY HAVE BEEN SUBJECT TO CUTS RESULTING IN FEWER ACQUISITIONS, CLOSURE OF BRANCHES, REDUCED OPENING HOURS AND FREEZING OF STAFF POSTS. AT THE SAME TIME ATTEMPTS ARE MADE TO INCREASE INCOME THROUGH INCREASED FINES AND SALE OF DISCARDED MATERIAL AND PAMPHLETS, ALTHOUGH LENDING FEES HAVE NOT YET BEEN IMPOSED. INTRODUCTION OF AUTOMATION IN LIBRARIES IS SEEN BY MANY AS A MEANS OF REDUCING STAFF EXPENDITURE AND IMPROVING SERVICES TO THE PUBLIC, ESPECIALLY COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY. THE LIBRARY PROVISION FOR CHILDREN, NEVER VERY GOOD COMPARED TO DANISH PUBLIC LIBRARIES, HAS BEEN STRUCK PARTICULARLY HARD BY THE CUTS. THE REACTION AGAINST THE CUTS HAS BEEN LED BY NALGO IN THE FORM OF WORK STOPPAGES AND BY THE LIBRARY ASSOCIATION AS PROTESTS TO THE AUTHORITIES. ******************************************** Document 3180 WE MUST PRESENT THE FULL BREADTH OF THE SWEDISH BOOK MARKET. INTERVIEWS JAN GUMPERT, DIRECTOR OF THE SWEDISH LIBRARY SERVICE, WHO DISCUSSES THE IMPACT OF CUTS ON THE LIBRARIES. LOCAL AUTHORITIES ARE FINDING THEIR CULTURAL BUDGETS, WITH LIBRARIES AS THE LARGEST ITEM, EASY TARGETS. ATTEMPTS ARE MADE TO SAVE THE BOOK BUDGET AS FAR AS POSSIBLE AND CUTS ARE MADE INSTEAD IN OPENING HOURS AND ACTIVITIES. VACANCIES ARE LIKELY TO BE FROZEN. FOR THE LIBRARY SERVICE THE CUTS MEAN THAT THE STOCK OF OLDER TITLES WILL HAVE TO BE REDUCED, BUT THERE ARE NO PLANS TO CUT THE NUMBER OF TITLES OFFERED. EXPORT OF LIBRARY FURNITURE TO THE ARAB WORLD ALLEVIATES SOMEWHAT THE LACK OF MARKETS IN SWEDEN. THE SERVICE'S COMPUTER SYSTEM, BUMS, IS NOW INSTALLED IN 34 LOCAL AUTHORITIES. THERE IS CLOSE COOPERATION WITH THE RESEARCH LIBRARIES' AUTOMATION SYSTEM LIBRIS. DISCUSSES THE IMPACT OF THE LITERATURE COMMISSION AND THE POSSIBLE EFFECTS OF THE PUBLIC LIBRARIES COMMISSION. ******************************************** Document 3181 A CHOICE BETWEEN QUALITY OR QUANTITY' THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE RECRUITMENT BAN IN ENSCHEDE PUBLIC LIBRARY. SINCE THE WORLD WAR II THE PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICE IN THE NETHERLANDS HAS UNDERGONE A PERIOD OF RAPID GROWTH. IN MANY TOWNS, NEW CENTRAL LIBRARIES AND BRANCH LIBRARIES HAVE BEEN OPENED AND SPECIAL SERVICES HAVE BEEN INITIATED, SUCH AS MOBILE LIBRARY SERVICES, RECORD LIBRARIES AND SERVICES TO FOREIGN WORKERS AND OPEN SCHOOL STUDENTS. IN ADDITION, THE DUTCH GOVERNMENT PLANS TO INCREASE THE NUMBER OF REGIONAL SUPPORT LIBRARIES FROM 13 TO 19. HOWEVER, ENSCHEDE PUBLIC LIBRARY, WHICH HAS BEEN DESIGNATED A REGIONAL SUPPORT LIBRARY, IS COMPELLED BY FINANCIAL CUTBACKS TO REDUCE ITS PRESENT STAFFING LEVELS BY 25%. AS A RESULT THE LIBRARY WILL BE UNABLE TO MAINTAIN THE CURRENT VOLUME OF LOANS AND CONSIDERATION HAS BEEN GIVEN TO LIMITING THE NUMBER OF BOOKS WHICH A BORROWER MAY TAKE THROUGHOUT THE YEAR AND TO REFUSING TO ENROL NEW MEMBERS. ******************************************** Document 3182 WORD PROCESSING' AN INTRODUCTION AND APPRAISAL. IDENTIFIES AND DESCRIBES THE FACILITIES AVAILABLE FOR MECHANISING AND AUTOMATING LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES USING WORD PROCESSING SYSTEMS-TEXT STORAGE AND SEARCHING, ORDER PROCESSING AND BUDGET CONTROL, PREPARATION OF CATALOGUES, CIRCULATION CONTROL, PERIODICALS CONTROL AND CIRCULATION, INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM USE, AND POSSIBLE FUTURE USES. ******************************************** Document 3183 COMMUNICATIONS USING WORD PROCESSING SYSTEMS. COMMUNICATION BETWEEN WORD PROCESSOR EQUIPMENT IS REVIEWED EXTENSIVELY. SURVEYS COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS AND NETWORKS. SEVERAL POSSIBILITIES TO LINK WORD PROCESSORS ARE DESCRIBED, LEADING INTO A DISCUSSION OF ELECTRONIC MAIL AND TELECONFERENCING. ******************************************** Document 3184 INDISPENSIBLE CONSIDERATIONS IN AUTOMATING LIBRARY TECHNIQUES. LIBRARIES, DESPITE THEIR TRADITION-MINDED REPUTATION, ALWAYS WERE SENSIBLE ABOUT THE TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF THEIR DUTIES AND OPEN TO INNOVATIONS. CONSEQUENTLY THE APPLICATION OF COMPUTER TECHNIQUES HERE IS DISCUSSED. THESE SYSTEMS USUALLY ARE NOT DEVELOPED ON UNIQUE PRINCIPLES FOR LIBRARY PURPOSES, BUT HAVE BEEN ADAPTED FROM PRINCIPLES ALREADY EXISTING IN OTHER APPLICATIONS. SOME OF THESE PRINCIPLES ARE MORE APT FOR APPLICATION IN LIBRARIES THAN OTHERS REGARDING THE SPECIAL DUTIES OF LIBRARIES TOWARDS THEIR USERS. THIS FACT TODAY SEEMS TO BE SLIGHTLY UNDERRATED WHEN LIBRARIES DECIDE ABOUT THE ACQUISITION OF AN AUTOMATED SYSTEM. ******************************************** Document 3185 RECENT BREAKTHROUGHS IN LIBRARY AUTOMATION IN TAIWAN. HIGHLIGHTS THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON CHINESE LIBRARY AUTOMATION HELD IN TAIPEI, 14-19 FEB 81 AND SUMMARISES THE KEY PAPERS WHICH REPORT SUCH IMPORTANT RECENT BREAKTHROUGHS AS THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTER INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES FOR CHINESE SCRIPTS, THE DESIGN OF A CROSS-REFERENCE INPUT OF CHINESE CHARACTERS, THE COMPILATION OF 2CHINESE CHARACTER CODE FOR INFORMATION INTERCHANGE1, THE COMPLETE REVISION OF 2CHINESE CATALOGUING RULES1, THE ADOPTION OF CHINESE MARC FORMAT, AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF A PROTOTYPE ON-LINE CATALOGUING SYSTEM. THE IMPACT OF THESE MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS WHICH WERE ACCOMPLISHED IN A RECORD TIME OF 8 MONTHS WILL BE FAR REACHING FOR LIBRARIES IN TAIWAN AND THOSE ABROAD THAT HAVE LARGE CHINESE COLLECTIONS. ******************************************** Document 3186 SERVICES BASED ON THE DANISH NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY AND THE SAMKAT SYSTEM. DESCRIBES THE MECHANISATION PLANS OF THE DANISH NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY AND THE WAY TO THEIR REALISATION. OUTLINES THE FAUST PROGRAMME FOR PUBLIC LIBRARIES-THE DEVELOPMENT, SOURCES AND SERVICES OF THIS DATA BANK. DESCRIBES HOW SAMKAT, THE COMPUTERISED SYSTEM FOR DANISH RESEARCH LIBRARIES NEEDS TO BE IN ACCORDANCE AND COOPERATE WITH THE FAUST PROGRAMME. ******************************************** Document 3187 GOTEBORG CITY LIBRARY AND ITS COMPUTERISED LENDING SYSTEM. A DESCRIPTION OF GOTEBORG CITY LIBRARY, SWEDEN FOLLOWING A STUDY TOUR. DESCRIBES THE STOCK AND SUBJECT SPECIALISATIONS OF THE LIBRARY; ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH THE SWEDISH LIBRARY SUPPLIER, BIBLIOTEKSTJANST; THE INTEGRATED PUBLIC LIBRARY SYSTEM, BUMS; THE LIBRARY'S CATALOGUES AND COMPUTERISED CATALOGUING; AND THE OPERATION OF THE PLESSEY COMPUTERISED LENDING SYSTEM. ******************************************** Document 3188 IN TOUCH WITH THE FUTURE. DESCRIBES EVANSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY'S AUTOMATION SYSTEM. IN 1978 THE LIBRARY INSTALLED AN ON-LINE ISSUE CONTROL SYSTEM BY CLSI. WITH AUTHOR AND TITLE DATA ALREADY IN THE DATA BASE, THE INTRODUCTION OF AN ON-LINE PUBLIC ACCESS CATALOGUE WITH A TOUCH SENSITIVE TERMINAL, OPENED IN OCT 80, WAS FACILITATED. THE CARD CATALOGUE IS, HOWEVER, BEING MAINTAINED, AS THE INPUT OF SUBJECT DATA IS NOT YET COMPLETE AND AS A SAFEGUARD AGAINST COMPUTER BREAK-DOWNS. THE EXTRA COSTS INVOLVED HAD NOT BEEN FORESEEN, AND SAVINGS ON STAFF ARE NOT YET POSSIBLE. IT IS, THEREFORE, DIFFICULT TO CALCULATE THE LONG-TERM SAVINGS FROM AUTOMATION. THE PROFESSIONAL GAINS ARE, HOWEVER, CLEAR' THE CATALOGUE ENABLES PRECISE LOCATION OF MATERIAL AND COMPILATION OF USEFUL STATISTICS, AND SIMPLIFIES ALTERATIONS. MOREOVER, TERMINALS CAN BE PLACED OUTSIDE THE LIBRARY, IN THE TOWN HALL AND EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. ******************************************** Document 3189 WHERE ARE THE FACTS OF YESTERYEAR?. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE 9TH ANNUAL CONGRESS OF THE QUEBEC ARCHIVISTS' ASSOCIATION BY A REPRESENTATIVE OF THE CANADIAN PUBLIC ARCHIVES, DISCUSSING THE EFFECTS OF THE INTRODUCTION OF AUTOMATION ON INFORMATION AND DOCUMENTATION, AND THE POSSIBLE CONSEQUENCES FOR FUTURE ARCHIVES, WHEN INFORMATION STORED ON MAGNETIC TAPE CAN VERY EASILY BE RUBBED OUT, ACCIDENTALLY OR INTENTIONALLY. THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY IS TRACED FROM THE TIME OF PASCAL TO THE PRESENT, AND THE LATEST DEVELOPMENTS DESCRIBED IN DETAIL, WITH REFERENCE TO GOVERNMENT AND INDUSTRY REQUIREMENTS IN CANADA. SOME EXPLANATIONS ARE GIVEN OF MACHINE READABLE CATALOGUES AND THEIR OPERATION, TOGETHER WITH THE TERMINOLOGY GENERATED. EXAMINES THE ROLE OF THE ARCHIVIST IN CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINE READABLE CATALOGUES AND THEIR ORGANISATION IN RELATION TO CLASSIFICATION, CONSERVATION AND ACCESS. IN CONCLUSION, WEIGHS THE OBVIOUS ADVANTAGES OF AUTOMATION AGAINST ITS POTENTIAL HAZARDS AND PROBLEMS FOR THE ARCHIVIST OF THE FUTURE, WITH REFERENCE TO THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT ARCHIVES. ******************************************** Document 3190 GEAC; A BRIEF INTRODUCTION. DESCRIBES THE GEAC COMPUTER CORPORATION'S ON-LINE LIBRARY INFORMATION SYSTEM AND PLANS FOR ITS FUTURE DEVELOPMENT. STARTED IN 1977, THE SYSTEM WAS DEVELOPED FOR ACADEMIC LIBRARIES, BUT HAS ACCOMMODATED THE PUBLIC LIBRARY SITUATION. IT IS ADAPTED AT SPECIFIC POINTS TO INDIVIDUAL LIBRARY POLICY. IT CARRIES OUT STANDARD LIBRARY FUNCTIONS AND ALSO CONTAINS A PUBLIC QUERY MODULE WHEREBY A PATRON (IDENTIFIED BY MEANS OF A PERSONAL BARCODE) CAN SEARCH HIS PERSONAL RECORD OR (NO IDENTIFICATION NEEDED) THE BIBLIOGRAPHIC FILE. ******************************************** Document 3191 MICROCOMPUTERS IN LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION DEPARTMENTS. OUTLINES THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF MICROCOMPUTERS IN LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION DEPARTMENTS AND INDICATES THE LIKELY PRE-CONDITIONS WHICH MAY WELL HAVE TO EXIST BEFORE THIS POTENTIAL CAN BE REALISED. DEFINES THE TERMS MICROPROCESSORS AND MICROCOMPUTERS. CONCLUDES THAT CHEAP SOFTWARE WILL BE POSSIBLE WHERE LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION DEPARTMENTS ARE PREPARED TO CHANGE THEIR PROCEDURES TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF IT. ******************************************** Document 3192 REPORTS FOR THE INTEGRATED LIBRARY SYSTEM (ILS). THE DOCUMENT PRESENTS A SERIES OF REPORTS DEVELOPED FOR THE CIRCULATION MODULE OF THE INTEGRATED LIBRARY SYSTEM (ILS). THE ILS IS A MINICOMPUTER-BASED LIBRARY SYSTEM BEING DEVELOPED BY THE LISTER HILL NATIONAL CENTER FOR BIOMEDICAL COMMUNICATIONS AT THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE FOR USE IN MEDIUM-SIZED LIBRARIES. THE REPORTS INCLUDE CORRESPONDENCE RELATED TO CIRCULATION, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, AND MANAGEMENT REPORTS. EACH CHAPTER IN THIS DOCUMENT DISCUSSES A SPECIFIC TYPE OF REPORT-THE STRUCTURE AND USE BY THE LIBRARY ADMINISTRATOR. FOR EACH REPORT, DATA ELEMENTS ARE NOTED AND ALTERNATIVE FORMATS PROVIDED. ******************************************** Document 3193 THE ETHICS OF FURTHER EDUCATION LIBRARIANSHIP. THE LIBRARIAN'S 'CLIENTS' IN THE FURTHER EDUCATION SECTOR ARE IDENTIFIED. HIS DUTIES TOWARDS THEM AND THE PROBLEMS RAISED BY THEM ARE DISCUSSED, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE EDUCATION OF THE 16-19 AGE GROUP. THE NEED FOR THE LIBRARIAN TO HOLD THEIR DIVERSE AND SOMETIMES CONFLICTING DEMANDS IN BALANCE IS SEEN AS AN ASPECT OF HIS DUTIES THAT REQUIRES PROFESSIONAL AUTONOMY FOR ITS SATISFACTORY PERFORMANCE. THE NEED FOR A BALANCED USE OF THE FACILITIES, COVERAGE OF SUBJECT AREAS, PROVISION FOR DIVERGENT VIEWS, AND ENCOURAGEMENT OF FREE ENQUIRY LEADS TO THE SUGGESTION THAT TREATMENT RATHER THAN IDEAS IS WHAT THE LIBRARIAN IS BEST QUALIFIED TO ASSESS. PORNOGRAPHY IS DISCUSSED IN RELATION TO THIS AND OTHER CRITERIA. THE GROWTH OF OPEN LEARNING IS SEEN AS DEMANDING A POSITIVE TUTORIAL APPROACH. THE NEED FOR MORAL COURAGE IS AFFIRMED. ******************************************** Document 3194 LEADERSHIP BY NONADMINISTRATORS IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES. LEADERSHIP BY THOSE NOT IN POSITIONS OF AUTHORITY IN LIBRARIES HAS USUALLY BEEN DISCUSSED IN TERMS OF PARTICIPATION IN MANAGEMENT. A NUMBER OF OTHER MODELS ARE GIVEN' PARTICIPATION AND FEEDBACK MODELS, INCLUDING THE EVALUATION OF SUPERIORS; MODELS OF CONFRONTATION AND RISK TAKING, INCLUDING ACTION TO OVERCOME MISMANAGEMENT AND ASSERTION OF EMPLOYEES' RIGHTS; AND MODELS FOR CHANGE AGENTS, INCLUDING USE OF STAFF ORGANISATIONS, INFORMAL ACTION NETWORKS, AND RESOURCE EXCHANGE NETWORKS. THE THEORY IS THAT A 'SERVANT LEADERSHIP' BY LOWER AND MIDDLE LEVEL STAFF MAY PROMOTE SERVICE BY LIBRARIES AND ALSO INCREASE ATTENTION TO THE IMPORTANCE OF THE WORK TO THE STAFF THEMSELVES. THE ACTION MODELS SHOULD BE TESTED AND RELATED TO A CAREER-STAGE MODEL WHICH IDENTIFIES POWER AND INFLUENCE BY THOSE WHO ARE NOT MANAGERS. ******************************************** Document 3195 RESOURCE NOTEBOOK ON STAFF DEVELOPMENT. FOCUSES ON LIBRARY STAFF DEVELOPMENT. THE INTRODUCTION PROVIDES BACKGROUND AND A BRIEF CONCEPTUAL OVERVIEW OF STAFF DEVELOPMENT. THE FIRST SECTION OF DOCUMENTS PROVIDES EXAMPLES OF DATA GATHERING TOOLS AND APPROACHES TO GATHERING INFORMATION. THE SECOND GROUP OF DOCUMENTS ILLUSTRATES METHODS OF DESCRIBING AND ANALYZING CURRENT STAFF DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES, AND THE FINAL SECTION CONTAINS EXAMPLES OF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR NEW APPROACHES TO STAFF DEVELOPMENT WHICH HAVE BEEN MADE BY LIBRARIES. ******************************************** Document 3196 STRESS' THE EXPERIENCE OF SOME QUEBEC LIBRARIANS. RESULTS OF A BRIEF SURVEY BY QUESTIONNAIRE OF 90 VOLUNTEERS IDENTIFYING THE PARAMETERS OF STRESS EXPERIENCED BY LIBRARIANS. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF HOW THE QUESTIONNAIRE WAS COMPILED, AND SELECTION OF THE SAMPLE. RESEARCH IN THE FIELD TO DATA IS SUMMARISED TO EXPLAIN THE THEORETICAL MODEL USED. RESULTS COVER THE COMPOSITION OF THE SURVEY POPULATION BY TYPE OF LIBRARY; FREQUENCY OF PERCEPTION OF STRESS AND EFFECT ON WORK; THE INFLUENCE OF EXTERNAL FACTORS, SUCH AS LIFE EVENTS, WORKING ENVIRONMENT, EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND, AND BUREAUCRATIC ASPECTS AT WORK; AND THE INFLUENCE OF PERSONAL FACTORS ON BEHAVIOUR IN THE WORK SITUATION. ADVICE IS OFFERED IN CONCLUSION ON HOW TO AVOID STRESS AND MINIMISE ITS EFFECTS. ******************************************** Document 3197 ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS IN THE LIBRARY. DISCUSSES HEALTH PROBLEMS AND OCCUPATIONAL STRESSES ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE LIBRARY ENVIRONMENT. IDENTIFIES HEALTH COMPLAINTS RELATED TO INADEQUATE LIGHTING (A COMMON PROBLEM), USE OF PHOTOCOPYING AND DUPLICATING MACHINES (A HIGH RISK ACTIVITY), AND USE OF VISUAL DISPLAY UNITS (A PARTICULAR CONCERN OF UNIONS). MAKES RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE PREVENTION OR CONTROL OF SUCH COMPLAINTS. STATES THE US LEGAL POSITION IN THIS AREA, SUGGESTS HOW LIBRARY STAFF CAN TAKE THE INITIATIVE, AND PROVIDES A READING LIST. ******************************************** Document 3198 TRAVEL POLICIES OF TWENTY-ONE COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES. IN A RECENT SURVEY, ACRL FOUND THAT COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES ARE DEVELOPING FORMAL WRITTEN POLICIES FOR STAFF TRAVEL AND ARE UPGRADING EXISTING POLICIES. PRESENTS 21 REPRESENTATIVE POLICIES WHICH DISPLAY A WIDE VARIETY OF INSTITUTIONAL SOLUTIONS TO THE ALLOCATION OF TIME AND FUNDS FOR LIBRARY EMPLOYEES' PARTICIPATION IN MEETINGS AND OTHER CONTINUING EDUCATION ACTIVITIES. ******************************************** Document 3199 FREELANCE LIBRARIANS IN QUEBEC. REPORTS THE RESULTS OF AN EXPLORATORY SURVEY, IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FREELANCE BRANCH OF THE LIBRARIANSHIP PROFESSION. THE NATURE OF THE FREELANCE LIBRARIAN'S WORK IS DESCRIBED, AND THIS OCCUPATION DISTINGUISHED FROM THAT OF THE TRADITIONAL LIBRARIAN. RELEVANT LITERATURE TO DATE IS DISCUSSED, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO QUEBEC. THE SURVEY RESULTS PRESENT A COMPREHENSIVE PICTURE OF THE FREELANCE LIBRARIAN'S SITUATION IN QUEBEC' CONDITIONS OF WORK, DEMAND FOR SERVICES, SERVICES OFFERED, RESEARCH PROCEDURES, AND RATES CHARGED. THE CONCLUSION DRAWN IS THAT THIS NEW BRANCH OF THE PROFESSION IS A FUNCTIONAL COMPLEMENT TO EXISTING TYPES. ******************************************** Document 3200 DOUGLAS MCGREGOR VISITS JAIPUR INFORMATION CENTRE. MORE OF 'Y' AND LESS OF 'X' IS THE ANSWER. A CASE STUDY. PRESENTS AN ANALYSIS OF MCGREGOR'S THEORIES OF MOTIVATION AND SEEKS TO EXAMINE THEIR RELEVANCE AND FEASIBILITY IN THEORY AND PRACTICE OF LIBRARY MANAGEMENT IN INDIA. THE JAIPUR INFORMATION CENTRE WAS CHOSEN FOR A SYSTEMATIC APPLICATION OF MCGREGOR'S 'X' AND 'Y' THEORIES. CONCLUDES THAT THE RESULTS OF THE STUDY SHOW THE THEORIES TO BE RELEVANT TO INDIAN LIBRARY MANAGEMENT. ******************************************** Document 3201 THE REPORT OF THE LIBRARIANS' UNION 1980/81. THE REPORT DEALS WITH' THE ECONOMIC CRISIS AND LIBRARIES; SALARIES; PROFESSIONAL MATTERS SUCH AS THE NEW TECHNOLOGY; LIBRARY LAW REVISION; EDUCATION FOR LIBRARIANSHIP; SPOKEN NEWSPAPERS; LIBRARIES AT WORK PLACES AND TEACHER TRAINING COLLEGES; EMPLOYMENT; AND SHOP STEWARDSHIP. THE FOLLOWING REPORTS ARE ALSO INCLUDED' REPORT OF THE LIBRARIANS' UNION'S ACTION FUND 1980/81; REPORT OF THE LIBRARIANS' UNION'S GROUP FOR STATE EMPLOYED LIBRARIANS 1980-81. LISTS THE AGENDAS FOR THE ANNUAL MEETINGS OF THE GROUPS FOR' LIBRARY AND EDUCATION; LENDING LIBRARIANS; ART; YOUTH LIBRARIANS; LIBRARY LEADERS; EXTENSION SERVICES; MUSIC LIBRARIANS; BRANCH AND MOBILE LIBRARIES; MEDICAL LIBRARIANS; LIBRARIANS IN TECHNICAL DEPARTMENTS; AND CHILDREN'S LIBRARIANS. ALSO DISCUSSES THE BUDGET FOR 1982. ******************************************** Document 3202 FOR AMERICAN LIBRARIANS TRADE UNIONS ARE NOT A GREAT ATTRACTION. INTERVIEWS MARION PORRO, PRESIDENT OF THE TRADE UNION FOR LIBRARY EMPLOYEES IN NEW YORK. THE ORGANISATION OF LIBRARY EMPLOYEES IN THE USA HAS NOT BEEN VERY SUCCESSFUL AND TODAY ONLY ABOUT 10% OF EMPLOYEES, MOSTLY IN THE LARGE URBAN PUBLIC LIBRARIES, ARE UNION MEMBERS. THIS IS, HOWEVER, IN LINE WITH THE GENERAL SCEPTICISM TOWARDS THE TRADE UNION MOVEMENT AMONG AMERICANS IN GENERAL AND THE PROFESSIONS IN PARTICULAR. THE ALA HAS ON THE WHOLE HAD AN AMBIGUOUS ATTITUDE TO TRADE UNION MATTERS. THE TRADE UNION IN NEW YORK, THE NEW YORK LIBRARY GUILD, OR LOCAL 1930, ESTABLISHED IN 1968, HAS ABOUT 1500 MEMBERS AND ALMOST TOTAL COVERAGE. IT NEGOTIATES 2 YEARLY AGREEMENTS ON PAY AND CONDITIONS AND DEALS WITH GRIEVANCES, BUT DOES NOT PARTICIPATE IN THE LIBRARY PROFESSIONAL DECISION-MAKING. ON A WIDER FRONT, THE UNION IS ENGAGED IN VARIOUS SOCIAL PROTEST MOVEMENTS, BUT NO COOPERATION WITH OTHER TRADE UNIONS FOR LIBRARY EMPLOYEES TAKES PL ACE. ******************************************** Document 3203 ROLE OF STUDENT ASSISTANTS IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES. DISCUSSES THE ADVANTAGES AND PROBLEMS CAUSED BY THE WIDESPREAD EMPLOYMENT OF STUDENT ASSISTANTS IN INDIAN COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES AND SUGGESTS WAYS OF IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF THIS PRACTICE. ******************************************** Document 3204 WHAT IS THE BEGINNING OF SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION ACTIVITY? (LETTERS TO A NOVICE INFORMATION OFFICER). THE 3RD IN A SERIES OF LETTERS TO A SOVIET NOVICE INFORMATION OFFICER (FOR THE OTHER LETTERS, 2SEE1 81/5456 2AND1 79/2241) IS DEVOTED TO INFORMATION WORK TECHNOLOGY. CONSIDERS THE ROLE OF THE LOCAL INFORMATION SERVICE WITHIN THE STATE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM; THE ORGANISATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL QUESTIONS OF COLLECTING, ANALYSING, PROCESSING, AND DISSEMINATING SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION; THE MAIN PRINCIPLES OF THE DIFFERENTIATED DISSEMINATION AND SELECTIVE DISTRIBUTION OF INFORMATION; INFORMATION PROVISION TO MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL; AND THE MAIN METHODS OF PROVIDING SPECIALISTS WITH INFORMATION. MAKES RECOMMENDATIONS CONCERNING TIME NORMS FOR CARRYING OUT SEPARATE INFORMATION PROCESSES. ******************************************** Document 3205 NEW MAIN LIBRARY IN OREBRO. 3 ARTICLES WHICH DESCRIBE OREBRO'S NEW LIBRARY, OPENED AUG 81. EVA VIIRMAN DESCRIBES HOW IN 1976, A LIST OF CULTURAL OBJECTIVES FOR A LIBRARY SERVICE, ITS FUNCTIONS AND USER GROUPS WERE HANDED TO THE ARCHITECTS, WHO WORKED OUT A PROPOSAL ON THE BASIS OF THESE. THE LIBRARY SHARES THE BUILDING WITH THE LOCAL COUNCIL'S CULTURAL AND EDUCATIONAL COMMITTEES, THE RESOURCES AND AV CENTRES. DESCRIBES THE LAYOUT OF THE LIBRARY. THE LARGE INFORMATION DESK IS CENTRALLY PLACED. CLOSE TO THIS ARE THE PERIODICALS AND EXHIBITION AREAS, CATALOGUES AND REFERENCE WORKS. ON ONE SIDE OF A PASSAGE LIES THE BOOK HALL WITH 60,000 VOLUMES OF FICTION AND NON-FICTION AND 70 SEATS; ON THE OTHER LIE SPECIALISED DEPARTMENTS. IN THE BASEMENT ARE STUDY CARRELS AND STACKS WITH 200,000 VOLUMES. IN ALL, AN OPEN AND WELL ARRANGED LIBRARY. THE ARCHITECT, HUGO HOIJE DESCRIBES HOW THE AIMS OF FLEXIBILITY AND OPENNESS ARE MET BY A CONSTRUCTION WITHOUT SUPPORTING WALLS. THE ANGULAR SHAPED EXTERIO R FOLLOWS THE TRADITIONAL INNER CITY PLAN AND CREATES A YARD FOR SERVICE VEHICLES. ANTS VIIRMAN DESCRIBES THE PREPARATIONS FOR THE MOVE TO THE NEW LIBRARY, WHICH INCLUDED A TOTAL SURVEY OF THE MEDIA STOCK AND SOME WITHDRAWALS, AND THE MOVE ITSELF. ******************************************** Document 3206 KARLSRUHE' CULTURE IN THE PALACE. IN MAY 81 THE FORMER PALACE OF THE GRAND DUKES OF BADEN WAS OPENED TO THE PUBLIC AS A CULTURAL CENTRE. THE WORK OF ADAPTING THE 19TH CENTURY BUILDING FOR THIS PURPOSE BEGAN IN 1978. ON THE GROUND FLOOR IS THE LIBRARY FOR CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE, CONTAINING 30,000 VOLUMES WHICH WERE MOVED HERE WHEN PREMISES IN THE MUNICIPAL LIBRARY BECAME TOO SMALL. THE 1ST FLOOR HOUSES THE MUNICIPAL ART GALLERY, SPECIALISING IN GERMAN PAINTINGS FROM 1850 ONWARDS AND THE 2ND FLOOR THE LOCAL HISTORY COLLECTION. THERE ARE ALSO ROOMS FOR MEETINGS, FILM SHOWS AND PAINTING SESSIONS, OFFICES, A CAFETERIA AND A MEDIA CENTRE CONTAINING OVER 3,000 CASSETTES AND RECORDS. SINCE ITS OPENING THE CENTRE HAS ACHIEVED INCREASES IN LOANS, READERS AND VISITORS TO THE ART GALLERY. ******************************************** Document 3207 THE NEW LIBRARY IN NORA. DESCRIBES NORA'S NEW PUBLIC LIBRARY OPENED IN JAN 81. NORA HAS 10,000 INHABITANTS AND IS WITHIN COMMUTING DISTANCE OF OREBRO. THE LIBRARY WAS BUILT IN THE TOWN CENTRE AND THE EXTERIOR FITS IN WELL WITH THE OLD SURROUNDINGS. IT OCCUPIES 1000 SQ.M. BUILDING SHARED WITH 2 BUSINESS COMPANIES. ALL PUBLIC AREAS ARE PLACED ON THE GROUND FLOOR WITH DIRECT ACCESS FROM OUTSIDE. THE LIBRARY GIVES ACCESS TO AN ASSEMBLY HALL AND A MEETING ROOM, THE LATTER PLACED SO THAT IT BREAKS UP THE OTHERWISE LARGE LIBRARY HALL. DESCRIBES THE INTERIOR DECORATION, INCLUDING THE BIRCH WOOD SHELVING AND FURNITURE, LIGHTING AND WALL TAPESTRY BY A LOCAL ARTIST. ******************************************** Document 3208 PROMOTING AND PUBLICISING LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES. PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE ASLIB CONFERENCE PROMOTING AND PUBLICISING LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES, LONDON, ASLIB, 16 MAR 81. FOR ABSTRACTS OF THE INDIVIDUAL PAPERS, 2SEE1 THE FOLLOWING SERIAL NUMBERS'-. ******************************************** Document 3209 FROM PARADIGM TO PRACTICE' THE LOGIC OF PROMOTION. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE CONFERENCE PROMOTING AND PUBLICISING LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES, ASLIB, LONDON, 16 MAR 81. A THEORETICAL DISCUSSION OF THE RATIONALE BEHIND LIBRARY PROMOTION, CONCENTRATING ON PUBLIC LIBRARIES. STRESSES THE NEED FOR INTELLIGENT ANTICIPATION IN THIS TIME OF DEVELOPING COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES TO KEEP ONE STEP AHEAD OF SOCIAL TRENDS AND EXPECTATIONS SO THAT APPROPRIATE SERVICE RESPONSES CAN BE DEVELOPED AND A SOCIETAL OR ORGANISATION DEPENDENCE ON THE LIBRARY CREATED. DESCRIBES HOW PUBLIC LIBRARIES COULD DEVELOP THEIR SERVICES TO BECOME INSTITUTIONS OF CONTEMPORARY RELEVANCE THAT ARE CARING. ******************************************** Document 3210 SPORTS SPLASH' 1980. A LIBRARIAN'S PLANNING HANDBOOK.T HIS HANDBOOK HAS BEEN DEVELOPED AS AN AID FOR LIBRARIANS IN PLANNING SUMMER 1980 READING PROGRAMMES ON A SPORTS THEME FOR CHILDREN. THE PROGRAMME ENCOURAGES CHILDREN TO VISIT THE LIBRARY, BECOME FAMILIAR WITH ITS RESOURCES AND PROMOTE READING AND ENJOYMENT OF BOOKS. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 3211 OPTIMAL OPENING HOURS IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES. DESPITE RECENT INCREASES IN STOCKS AND READERSHIP, PUBLIC LIBRARIES MUST ATTAIN EVEN HIGHER STANDARDS OF ACHIEVEMENT. PUBLIC LIBRARIES ARE USED BY ONLY A SMALL PROPORTION OF INDUSTRIAL AND AGRICULTURAL WORKERS, APPRENTICES AND SCHOOLCHILDREN; ONE WAY TO ENCOURAGE MORE OF THEM TO USE LIBRARIES COULD BE TO MAKE OPENING HOURS LONGER AND MORE CONVENIENT FOR THEM, ESPECIALLY IN THE EVENING. LIBRARIES COULD RESERVE THE MORNINGS AND EARLY AFTERNOONS FOR ADMINISTRATIVE AND PROCESSING WORK AND THEN OPEN TO THE PUBLIC AT LEAST TILL 6 P.M., DEPENDING ON LOCAL CONDITIONS. ALL DEPARTMENTS FOR PUBLIC USE SHOULD BE OPEN SIMULTANEOUSLY AND STAFF TRAINING MUST BE DEVELOPED SO THAT EXPERT ASSISTANCE IS ALWAYS AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC. ******************************************** Document 3212 THE GERMAN EXPERIENCE' A CASE STUDY IN LIBRARY PROMOTION. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE CONFERENCE PROMOTING AND PUBLICISING LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES, LONDON, ASLIB, 16 MAR 81. DURING RECENT YEARS THE MOST APPARENT CONTRIBUTIONS TO WEST GERMAN LIBRARY PUBLIC RELATIONS WERE SOME APPROACHES TOWARDS A CORPORATE VISUAL IDENTITY FOR A PUBLIC LIBRARY SYSTEM. COLOUR SLIDES ILLUSTRATED THE GRAPHIC CONCEPTIONS DEVELOPED FOR AND CONSEQUENTLY APPLIED BY THE MUNICIPAL LIBRARIES OF COLOGNE AND WUPPERTAL AS WELL AS A MORE RECENT PROJECT UNDERTAKEN BY THE GERMAN LIBRARY INSTITUTE AND FINANCED BY A GOVERNMENT GRANT. INDICATES THE WIDE RANGE OF MATERIALS TO BE CONSIDERED. STRESSES THAT ANY GRAPHIC CONTRIBUTIONS SHOULD BE SEEN IN CONTEXT WITH OTHER SINGLE ASPECTS OF LIBRARY PUBLIC RELATIONS AND MUST ALSO BE BASED ON AN INTEGRATED PR POLICY IN LINE WITH A LIBRARY'S GOALS AND OBJECTIVES AND THE IMAGE DESIRED. ******************************************** Document 3213 CREATING AN IDENTITY. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE CONFERENCE PROMOTING AND PUBLICISING LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES, LONDON, ASLIB, 16 MAR 81. BRIEFLY DESCRIBES, WITH ILLUSTRATIONS, THE DEVELOPMENT OF A CORPORATE IDENTITY-'HOUSE STYLE'-FOR SHEFFIELD CITY POLYTECHNIC LIBRARY, WHICH REPLACED PREVIOUSLY AUTONOMOUS UNITS. DISCUSSES THE RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE LIBRARIAN AND DESIGNER, AND TECHNICAL SUPPORT. INCLUDES POINTS FROM THE DESIGN POLICY. ******************************************** Document 3214 DO YOU RELATE? PRACTICAL PUBLIC RELATIONS. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE CONFERENCE PROMOTING AND PUBLICISING LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES, ASLIB, LONDON, 16 MAR 81. DISCUSSES WAYS IN WHICH A PERSUASIVE COMMUNICATION CAN BE MADE RELEVANT TO A LIBRARY'S COMMUNITY AND/OR TO IDENTIFIABLE GROUPS WITHIN THAT COMMUNITY. CONCENTRATES ON AUDIENCE FACTORS' AUDIENCE MOTIVATION; AUDIENCE INTERESTS; THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND OF THE AUDIENCE; AUDIENCE PREJUDICES AND PERCEPTIONS; AND AUDIENCE RELATIONSHIPS WITH A PARTICULAR COMMUNICATION MEDIUM. ******************************************** Document 3215 FACTS AND HOW TO FIND THEM. PAPER PRESENTED TO THE SOCIETY OF INDEXERS, 11 JULY 80. DISCUSSES SOME OF THE PROBLEMS INVOLVED IN INFORMATION RETRIEVAL AND DESCRIBES SOME TECHNIQUES FOR EXTRACTING INFORMATION FROM PEOPLE, ORGANISATIONS AND DOCUMENTS. GIVES SOME EXAMPLES OF METHODS USED BY THE AUTHOR TO DISCOVER UNUSUAL OR DIFFICULT TO OBTAIN FACTS. ******************************************** Document 3216 TH ASLIB ANNUAL CONFERENCE' INFORMATION '81-FORECASTS AND REALITIES. SESSION 1' NATIONAL INFORMATION POLICY.PR OCEEDINGS OF THE 1ST SESSION OF THE ASLIB ANNUAL CONFERENCE INFORMATION '81' FORECASTS AND REALITIES, UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD, UK, 22-25 SEPT 81. FOR ABSTRACTS OF THE INDIVIDUAL PAPERS, SEE THE FOLLOWING SERIAL NUMBERS'. ******************************************** Document 3217 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND THEIR IMPACT ON INFORMATION SERVICES. FOLLOWING A REMINDER OF WHAT TELECOMMUNICATION INVOLVES, THE FEATURES AND CHARACTERISTICS OF VARIOUS TRANSMISSION MEDIA ARE REVIEWED. THESE COMPRISE WIRE OR CABLE MEDIA BOTH METALLIC (TWISTED PAIRS AND COAXIAL CABLE) AND NONMETALLIC (OPTICAL FIBRES) AS WELL AS FREE SPACE PROPAGATION METHODS SUCH AS TV BROADCASTING AND MICROWAVE RADIO. ALSO DISCUSSES THE TECHNIQUES IN NETWORKING USING THESE MEDIA AND DESCRIBES SYSTEMS AND SERVICES WHICH, IN THEIR EVOLUTION ARE MAKING USE OF THE NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS. THESE INCLUDE VIDEOTEX, TELETEXT, CATV, THE ELECTRONIC DIRECTORY, ELECTRONIC MAIL AND MESSAGING, TELECONFERENCING AND TELEWRITING, FACSIMILE, NETWORKS AND DATA BASE HANDLING. THE IMPACT THESE NEW DEVELOPMENTS, BOTH TECHNOLOGIES AND RESULTING SYSTEMS, ARE HAVING ON INFORMATION SERVICES IS EXAMINED FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF USER REACTIONS, BENEFITS, PROBLEMS AND EFFECTS. STRESSES THAT INFORMATION SERVICES HAVE BECOME MUCH BROADER IN SCOPE THAN HAS HITHERTO BEEN UNDERSTOOD BY TRADITIONAL LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES AND THEY NOW INCLUDE SERVICES PREPARED SPECIFICALLY FOR THE DOMESTIC AND BUSINESS MARKETS. ******************************************** Document 3218 THE MODERNIZATION OF INFORMATION SERVICES IN THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA. CHINA HAS SUFFERED FROM OVER A DECADE OF TURMOIL WHICH HAS PREVENTED THE DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN INFORMATION SERVICES. PRESENT POLICY STRESSES THE ROLE OF INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL IN NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT. APART FROM TECHNICAL AND POLITICAL CONSTRAINTS, CHINA FACES A SERIOUS HANDICAP WITH ITS UNIQUE WRITTEN LANGUAGE, WHERE THE 5000 PLUS CHARACTERS NEEDED TO EXPRESS SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL CONCEPTS ARE TOO LARGE TO BE HANDLED COST-EFFECTIVELY BY PRESENT COMPUTERS. THIS REPORT OUTLINES WAYS IN WHICH CHINA IS CURRENTLY ATTEMPTING TO MEET THESE PROBLEMS AND PROVIDE FOR MODERN INFORMATION SERVICES BY THE END OF THE DECADE. ******************************************** Document 3219 THE STATUS OF IRANIAN INFORMATION SCIENCE. PROVIDES A CONCISE HISTORY AND ASSESSMENT OF IRANIAN INFORMATION SCIENCE IN THE PAST 2 DECADES. TRACES PROGRESS FROM EARLY INDEXING PROJECTS TO INTERACTIVE DATA BASE SEARCHING. ASSESSES THE IMPORTANCE OF EARLY COURSE WORK, AN EARLY SOPHISTICATED TECHNICAL INFORMATION CENTRE, AND THE IRANIAN DOCUMENTATION CENTRE'S EXTENSIVE ACTIVITIES. ******************************************** Document 3220 SOVIET-CZECH SEMINAR ON INFORMATION WORK IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES. INFORMATION WORK IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES WAS THE SUBJECT OF THE 2ND SOVIET-CZECH SEMINAR THAT TOOK PLACE IN PRAGUE IN NOV 79. MAIN TOPICS OF THE PROCEEDINGS WERE' THE WORK OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES WITH POLITICAL LITERATURE; READING BY YOUNG PEOPLE; AND THE SOCIAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF READING. PAPERS SHOWED THAT THERE IS A SIMILARITY IN THE CZECH AND RUSSIAN APPROACH TO THE PROMOTION OF READING. IN FUTURE BOTH COUNTRIES WILL NEED TO PAY MORE ATTENTION TO RESEARCH INTO PUBLISHING IN ORDER TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF PUBLISHED MATERIALS. A RESOLUTION STRESSED THE IMPORTANCE OF THE EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION ON THE PLANNING OF FUTURE WORK AND PUBLICATIONS. ******************************************** Document 3221 INFORMATION ACTIVITIES IN THE MAIN TECHNICAL UNIVERSITIES' LIBRARIES. ANALYSES THE ACTIVITIES OF INFORMATION DEPARTMENTS IN THE MAIN TECHNICAL UNIVERSITIES' LIBRARIES WITH REGARD TO TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT, LOCAL CONDITIONS, AUTOMATION OF THE INFORMATION PROCESS, THE STAFF AND PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION, REFERENCE COLLECTIONS, REFERENCE PUBLICATIONS AND OTHER TOOLS. THE RESPONSE TO A SURVEY CARRIED OUT OF THE MAIN TECHNICAL UNIVERSITIES' LIBRARIES WAS USED AS A BASIS FOR THE EVALUATION. ******************************************** Document 3222 STUDENT INFORMATION NEEDS AND LIBRARY USER EDUCATION. A SMALL GROUP OF POLYTECHNIC UNDERGRADUATES WERE INTERVIEWED OVER A 6 WEEK PERIOD IN ORDER TO INVESTIGATE THEIR INFORMATION NEEDS AND THEIR APPROACHES TO MEETING THEM. ACADEMIC STAFF WERE THEN INTERVIEWED TO DISCOVER THEIR PERCEPTION OF THE STUDENTS' INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS. THE FINDINGS ARE SUMMARISED WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE ROLE OF LIBRARIES IN SOLVING THE STUDENTS' INFORMATION NEEDS. THE RELEVANCE OF THE FINDINGS TO THE PLANNING OF LIBRARY USER EDUCATION PROGRAMMES ARE DISCUSSED. ******************************************** Document 3223 INDIAN WOMEN' INFORMATION NEEDS. STUDY OF THE INFORMATION NEEDS OF INDIAN AND PAKISTANI WOMEN IN THE UK, CONSIDERING THE ROLE OF THE PUBLIC LIBRARY AS A MULTI-PURPOSE INFORMATION SERVICE. DISCUSSES THE CULTURAL AND SOCIAL BACKGROUND OF THIS GROUP, AND IN PARTICULAR THE SOCIAL PROBLEMS OF MIGRATION FROM RURAL TO URBAN AREAS AND THE ALTERNATIVE PATTERNS OF INFORMATION ACQUISITION ESTABLISHED BY WOMEN IN SOUTHALL, LONDON, WHERE THE STUDY WAS CARRIED OUT. ATTENTION IS GIVEN TO THE ROLE OF THE FORMAL INFORMATION CENTRES, WITH PARTICULAR EMPHASIS ON PUBLIC LIBRARIES AS A SERVICE TO MEET THEIR DAILY NEEDS. ******************************************** Document 3224 THE INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS OF SPORT, PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND RECREATION STAFF AND HOW LIBRARIANS CAN BE OF ASSISTANCE. THE PARTICULAR INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION STAFF IN COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES ARE OFTEN IGNORED OR NOT FULLY UNDERSTOOD BY LIBRARIANS. THE SUBJECT CONCERNS OF SUCH PEOPLE EMBRACE ELEMENTS FROM ALL THE MAJOR DISCIPLINES. A SURVEY OF STAFF INVOLVED IN CARRYING OUT RESEARCH IN SPORT, PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND RECREATION IN UK UNIVERSITIES AND IN CERTAIN POLYTECHNICS AND RESEARCH ORGANISATIONS REVEALED THAT' JUST UNDER 50% HAD NOT USED AN ABSTRACTING/INDEXING JOURNAL IN THE COURSE OF THEIR WORK; WELL UNDER 20% HAD USED A COMPUTER-BASED SEARCH SYSTEM; 60% HAD NOT RECEIVED ANY KIND OF BIBLIOGRAPHICAL INSTRUCTION, BUT MOST OF THIS GROUP BELIEVED INSTRUCTION WOULD HAVE HELPED THEM; 80% WOULD HAVE BEEN WILLING TO ALLOW LIBRARIANS TO CARRY OUT LITERATURE SEARCHES; 20% COULD NOT 'READ' IN A FOREIGN LANGUAGE AND ONLY A MINORITY OF THOSE WHO COULD, ACTUALLY SCANN ED MATERIAL IN THE LANGUAGE. ******************************************** Document 3225 PATENT AS A SOURCE OF INFORMATION. VOLUME OF PATENT LITERATURE BEING GENERATED IN THE WORLD; CHARACTERISTICS OF PATENT INFORMATION; PATENTABILITY; PATENTESE; TOOLS FOR SEARCHING OF PATENTS; OBJECTIVES AND SERVICES OF ORGANISATIONS LIKE WIPO, ICIREPAT, INPADOC HAVE BEEN DESCRIBED. ******************************************** Document 3226 DEVELOPING A FOCUS FOR LIBRARY AND INFORMATION RESEARCH IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES IN THE UNITED KINGDOM. THE DEVELOPMENT OF RESEARCH INTO SOCIAL SCIENCE LIBRARY, INFORMATION, AND DOCUMENTATION PROBLEMS IS REVIEWED WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO WORK IN THE UK SINCE THE MID-1960S. SOME VERY PROMISING LINES OF INVESTIGATION WERE OPENED UP THROUGH FUNDED RESEARCH. SINCE THE MID-1970S, THERE HAS BEEN LESS SUPPORT FOR WORK IN THIS FIELD, ALTHOUGH THERE IS GREAT POTENTIAL FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION, DEVELOPMENT, AND INNOVATION OF SERVICES. DEVELOPMENTS MUST TAKE ACCOUNT OF THE SPECIAL NEEDS AND NATURE OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES. SOME BACKGROUND ISSUES RELEVANT TO DEVELOPMENT OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION POLICIES FOR THE DISCIPLINE ARE DISCUSSED IN A NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT. THESE MATTERS FORM THE AGENDA FOR THE STANDING CONFERENCE ON SOCIAL SCIENCE INFORMATION (SCOSSI), WHICH WAS FOUNDED IN 1977. ******************************************** Document 3227 ARKANSAS PUBLIC POLICY INFORMATION SYSTEM' ARKANSAS ECONOMETRIC MODELS. REPORTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ARKANSAS ECONOMETRIC MODELS AS PART OF AN OVERALL DESCRIPTION OF THE ARKANSAS PUBLIC POLICY INFORMATION SYSTEM (APPIS). APPIS IS DESIGNED TO BE A PROTOTYPE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC POLICY INFORMATION SYSTEMS BY OTHER STATES. APPIS IS A SET OF ECONOMETRIC MODELS AND DATA BASES WHICH SPECIFY PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SECTORS IN THE ARKANSAS ECONOMY. THE SYSTEM IS DESIGNED TO PROVIDE QUARTERLY FORECASTS OF STATE EMPLOYMENT BY 2-DIGIT STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION, SOURCES OF PERSONAL INCOME AND DETAILED SOURCES OF STATE REVENUES. ******************************************** Document 3228 COGNITIVE ASPECTS OF TRANSIT USE IN AREAS OF HIGH AND LOW TRAVEL DENSITY. ADDRESSES SEVERAL QUESTIONS REGARDING THE MANNER IN WHICH INFORMATION ON TRANSIT SYSTEMS SHOULD BE PREPARED AND DISSEMINATED. THE REPORT IS DIVIDED INTO SIX CHAPTERS, RANGING IN TOPICS FROM THE FUNDAMENTAL BROAD-BASED QUESTIONS OF HOW WELL URBAN RESIDENTS UNDERSTAND THEIR CITY AND THE TRANSIT SYSTEM, TO SPECIFIC QUESTIONS OF WHAT TO INCLUDE ON A TRANSIT MAP. ******************************************** Document 3229 ACCESS TO LOCAL-GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTATION. DESCRIBES THE 'ACCESS TO LOCAL-GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTATION' PROJECT CARRIED OUT BY CAPITAL PLANNING INFORMATION IN 1979-80. THE PROJECT HAD ITS ORIGINS IN THE PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED BY THOSE REQUIRING ACCESS TO THE INCREASING NUMBER AND RANGE OF DOCUMENTS PRODUCED BY UK LOCAL AUTHORITIES. THE PROJECT TEAM IDENTIFIED THE DOCUMENTARY OUTPUT OF 5 LOCAL AUTHORITIES; INVESTIGATED BIBLIOGRAPHIC STANDARDS, AUTHORITY ATTITUDES TOWARDS PUBLISHING AND AVAILABILITY OF DOCUMENTS; AND MEASURED THE AVAILABILITY OF THE DOCUMENTS. ******************************************** Document 3230 FEDERAL INFORMATION CENTERS. PROVIDING ACCESS TO THE GOVERNMENT. THE PURPOSE OF THE US FEDERAL INFORMATION CENTER (FIC) PROGRAMME IS TO PROVIDE THE PUBLIC WITH A MEANS OF ACCESS TO THE GOVERNMENT. BRIEFLY SUMMARISES THE FIC ACT AND THE PROGRAMME'S HISTORY. EXAMINES THE REPLIES TO A QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY OF THE 38 FICS CONCERNING VOLUME OF INQUIRIES HANDLED, SOURCES OF INQUIRIES, METHODS OF INQUIRIES, TYPE OF REFERENCE TOOLS USED, CHOICE AND TRAINING OF PERSONNEL, USE OF GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS, AND USER SATISFACTION. ******************************************** Document 3231 THE PROPOSED CANADIAN LAW ON FREEDOM OF INFORMATION. EXAMINES THE LEGISLATION ON FREEDOM OF INFORMATION PROPOSED BY THE CANADIAN LIBERAL ADMINISTRATION, PUBLISHED IN JULY 80. SUMMARISES THE POINTS COVERED BY THE LAW AND EXPLAINS HOW IT WOULD WORK IN PRACTICE; DISCUSSES THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS; AND FINALLY CONSIDERS IN DETAIL WHAT THE EFFECT ON THE PUBLIC ARCHIVES WOULD BE. ******************************************** Document 3232 COMMUNITY WORKERS AND INFORMATION' FROM NATIONAL RESOURCES TO NEIGHBOURHOOD ADVICE. THE INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS OF COMMUNITY WORKERS IN THE UK ARE EXAMINED FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE ORGANISATIONAL AND PERSONAL RESTRAINTS WHICH AFFECT THEM. SOME LOCAL POLITICAL DIFFICULTIES LIKELY TO BE ENCOUNTERED BY COMMUNITY WORKERS WHEN OBTAINING AND USING INFORMATION ARE CONSIDERED AS WELL AS SOME LIMITATIONS IMPOSED THROUGH WORKING WITH SPECIFIC GROUPS. 3 APPROACHES TO COMMUNITY WORKER INVOLVEMENT WITH NEIGHBOURHOOD INFORMATION CENTRES AND THE MISCONCEPTION UNDERLYING THEM ARE IDENTIFIED. A FRESH APPROACH IS PROPOSED TO PROVISION OF A NATIONAL INFORMATION CENTRE AND REGIONAL RESOURCE CENTRES FOR USE BY COMMUNITY WORKERS. ******************************************** Document 3233 THE VITAL LINK: INFORMATION IN SOCIAL SERVICES DEPARTMENTS. ACCOUNT OF THE WORK OF PROJECT INISS, A 5-YEAR INVESTIGATION OF INFORMATION NEEDS AND SERVICES IN SOCIAL SERVICES DEPARTMENTS. STAGE 1 INVOLVED A PRELIMINARY SURVEY OF HOW PEOPLE IN SOCIAL SERVICES DEPARTMENTS OBTAIN INFORMATION NEEDED TO WORK, THEIR USE OF IT AND REACTIONS IF THEY CANNOT GET IT; IN THE 2ND STAGE, STRUCTURED INTERVIEWS WERE CARRIED OUT WITH A RANDOM SAMPLE OF STAFF TO SEE HOW FAR THE IDEAS ENGENDERED IN THE OBSERVATION WORK WERE SUPPORTED. THE 3RD STAGE-'FIELD TRIALS' OF SOME IDEAS FOR IMPROVING COMMUNICATION OF INFORMATION-IS NOW UNDERWAY. THE PROJECT IS BASED AT SHEFFIELD UNIVERSITY, POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL OF LIBRARIANSHIP AND INFORMATION SCIENCE. ******************************************** Document 3234 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EXPANDED INDIANA VOCATIONAL EDUCATION INFORMATION SERVICES. THE PROJECT DESCRIBED WAS DESIGNED TO DEVELOP AND DISSEMINATE REPORTS ON INDIANA RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PRODUCTS ON VOCATIONAL EDUCATION TO APPROPRIATE STATE AND NATIONAL TARGET AUDIENCES; TO IMPLEMENT A SYSTEM FOR ACQUIRING, ORGANISING, STORING, RETRIEVING AND DISSEMINATING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INFORMATION. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 3235 INFORMATION USE BY TEACHERS IN A JUNIOR SCHOOL. THE PROBLEM OF COMMUNICATION BETWEEN RESEARCH AND PRACTICE IN EDUCATION DERIVES IN PART FROM A LACK OF KNOWLEDGE OF HOW TEACHERS USE EDUCATIONAL INFORMATION IN PRACTICE. A CASE STUDY OF THE STAFF OF 1 JUNIOR SCHOOL WAS SET UP TO COLLECT DETAILED EVIDENCE ON INDIVIDUAL TEACHERS' INFORMATION USE, THE INFORMAL FLOW OF INFORMATION BETWEEN TEACHERS, AND THE IMPACT OF NEW INFORMATION ON BOTH SCHOOL AND TEACHER. ALTHOUGH STILL IN PROGRESS, THE ANALYSIS HAS SO FAR PRODUCED A PRELIMINARY MODEL OF THE UTILISATION PROCESS IN THE SCHOOL, INDICATING ITS COMPLEXITY AND THE RANGE OF FACTORS INVOLVED. ******************************************** Document 3236 VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE' THE SEARCH AND THE PROBLEMS. GRYUB RSFSR IMENI 50-LETIYA VLKSM, (RSFSR 50TH KOMSOMOL JUBILEE STATE REPUBLIC YOUTH LIBRARY), (SRYL), RECEIVES MANY ENQUIRIES ABOUT CAREERS. LIBRARY LIAISON WITH SCHOOLS IS ESSENTIAL. SRYL INVESTIGATED THE RELATIONSHIP OF READING WITH COGNITIVE INTERESTS AND PROFESSIONAL ASPIRATIONS OF 8TH-10TH FORMERS. 27.5% OF 8TH-FORMERS, 26.4% OF 9TH-FORMERS AND 42.6% OF 10TH-FORMERS HAD CHOSEN THEIR PROFESSION. TEACHERS AND LIBRARIANS PROVE INADEQUATE INFORMATION SOURCES OWING TO IGNORANCE OF THE LITERATURE. TO HELP LIBRARIANS SRYL HAS PREPARED A BIBLIOGRAPHY' 2ALL ABOUT JOBS. 1SRYL PLANS AN EXPERIMENT' JOINT LIBRARY AND SCHOOL WORK ON VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE FOR SENIOR PUPILS. ******************************************** Document 3237 AN INDUSTRY INFORMATION SERVICE AS A STIMULUS FOR INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT-RUSSELLVILLE ECONOMIC ADJUSTMENT AREA, ARKANSAS. AN INDUSTRY INFORMATION SERVICE SEEMS APPROPRIATE FOR THE RUSSELLVILLE AREA, ONE THAT WILL SERVE MANUFACTURING SUBCONTRACTING MARKETING NEEDS. THE APPROACH COULD FUNCTION AS A MULTI-COUNTY CONTRACT-SUBCONTRACT MARKETING SERVICE FOR COOPERATING MANUFACTURERS. IN THE RUSSELLVILLE AREA'S ATTEMPT TO STRENGTHEN INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTIVITY, THE INDUSTRIAL INFORMATION SERVICE CAN BE A VIABLE MARKETING TOOL FOR THE AREA. ******************************************** Document 3238 THE INFORMATION EXPLOSION. A CHAPTER FROM 2CYBERNETIC MEDLEY. 1FLOODS OF INFORMATION OVERWHELM MANKIND. SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION, (STI), DOUBLES EVERY 10 YEARS. AT THE VSESOYUZNYI INSTITUT NAUCHNOI I TEKHNICHESKOI INFORMATSII, (ALL-UNION STI INSTITUTE), 1,000 WORKERS MAKE THIS LITERATURE ACCESSIBLE TO SOVIET READERS. THIS OCEAN OF KNOWLEDGE NECESSITATES A NATIONAL PLAN FOR INFORMATION PRODUCTION AND PROCESSING. USSR HAS A CENTRALISED STATE NETWORK OF COMPUTER CENTRES AND A STATE STI SYSTEM. THE MEZHDUNARODNYI TSENTR NAUCHO-TEKHNICHESKOI INFORMATSII, (INTERNATIONAL STI CENTRE), SERVES SOCIALIST ALLIANCE COUNTRIES. UNISIST IS A WORLD STI SYSTEM. INFORMATION SCIENCE USES NEW RESOURCES TO SOLVE ITS TECHNICAL PROBLEMS. AIDS SUCH AS ELECTRONIC PENCILS, SORTERS, UNIVERSAL INFORMATION MACHINES, LASERS, SHOULD ENABLE SCIENTISTS TO OBTAIN FULL AND RAPID INFORMATION. ******************************************** Document 3239 RESEARCH INTO WAYS IN WHICH LIBRARIES CAN BEST PROVIDE SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION. THE 1ST STAGE OF RESEARCH HAS BEEN THE DEFINITION OF THE ROLE OF LIBRARIES WITHIN THE NATIONAL INFORMATION NETWORK. FROM THERE, STUDY HAS CONTINUED ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE LONGTERM DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION NEEDS AND CURRENT INFORMATION WORK IN LIBRARIES. INFORMATION NEEDS CAN BE DIFFERENTIATED ACCORDING TO WHETHER THEY CAN BEST BE SATISFIED BY AUTOMATED SEARCH SYSTEMS, OR BY TRADITIONAL METHODS. A 3RD GROUP CAN BEST BE SATISFIED THROUGH INFORMAL CHANNELS. ALL THESE PROCEDURES CAN BE EVALUATED IN THE EVERYDAY WORK OF A LIBRARY AND COMPARISON BETWEEN PRACTICE IN THE USSR AND THE USA IS INSTRUCTIVE. ******************************************** Document 3240 COORDINATION OF A NATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL INFORMATION NETWORK' A PLANNING PRIORITY FOR THE BRAZILIAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL INFORMATION. DISCUSSES THE TECHNOLOGICAL, ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL ADVANTAGES OF A NATIONAL INFORMATION NETWORK IN PROMOTING DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES, AND ANALYSES THE LIMITATIONS OF THE EXISTING INFORMATION STRUCTURES AND SERVICES. THE MAIN OBJECTIVES OF A NETWORK SYSTEM WOULD BE TO MEET USER INFORMATION NEEDS THROUGH COOPERATION AMONG EXISTING SERVICES, THUS MAXIMISING THE USE OF AVAILABLE INFORMATION RESOURCES. THE NETWORK SHOULD ESTABLISH REALISTIC PROGRAMMES BASED ON KNOWLEDGE OF THE EXISTING LIMITATIONS, AND THE NEEDS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN BRAZIL. ******************************************** Document 3241 A CRITICAL EXAMINATION OF PROGRESS AT GOVERNMENT LEVEL SINCE 1980-THE UK SITUATION. DISCUSSES THE ROLE OF THE UK PARLIAMENT IN THE FIELD OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND THE GROWING INFLUENCES OF PARLIAMENTARIANS, PHILOSOPHICAL AND POLITICAL ISSUES AND THE POLITICAL AND FINANCIAL CROSS CURRENTS IN WHICH LIBRARIANSHIP AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY MUST LEARN TO SURVIVE IF NOT PROSPER. BRIEFLY TOUCHES ON CHANGES IN THE TECHNOLOGY OF LIBRARIANSHIP AND LOOKS AT THE US EXPERIENCE FOR STRIKING A BALANCE BETWEEN GOVERNMENT AND FREE ENTERPRISE. OUTLINES RECENT MINISTERIAL CHANGES, INCLUDING THE APPOINTMENT OF A MINISTER OF STATE WITH RESPONSIBILITY FOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY. ******************************************** Document 3242 NATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL INFORMATION POLICIES AND PROGRAMMES. A REVIEW OF ACTIVITIES IN DEVELOPED AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, BASED ON RECENT LITERATURE, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE LATIN AMERICAN SITUATION, UNDERTAKEN BY IBICT, THE BRAZILIAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL INFORMATION IN 1979. AFTER AN INTRODUCTORY EXPLANATION OF BASIC TERMINOLOGY, THE SURVEY GIVES DETAILED ACCOUNTS OF RECENT NATIONAL PROJECTS AND DEVELOPMENTS, AND OF EXISTING AND PROJECTED INTERNATIONAL COOPERATIVE NETWORKS IN EUROPE AND LATIN AMERICA. THE CONCLUSION COMPARES THE SITUATION IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, WHERE GOVERNMENT POLICY IS TO INVEST STRONGLY IN INCREASING EFFICIENCY OF INFORMATION SERVICES, WITH THAT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, WHERE INFORMATION RESOURCES ARE PRECARIOUS AND DEPENDENT ON FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY, WHILE GOVERNMENT POLICY LACKS DETERMINATION IN DEVELOPING REALISTIC PROGRAMMES. ******************************************** Document 3243 INFORMATION NEEDS, TASK ANALYSIS AND INFORMATION INPUTS TO TASKS. PROPOSES A NEW APPROACH TO INVESTIGATING INFORMATION NEEDS OF RESEARCH AND PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT WORKERS, BASED ON TASK ANALYSIS. FROM INTERVIEWS CONDUCTED IN 1976 AND 1977 WITH 24 UK WORKERS IN THIS FIELD, 2 INFORMATION INPUT ANALYSES ARE CONSTRUCTED, INDICATING INFORMATION INPUTS IN BASIC RESEARCH AND IN PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES. THE DESIGN OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS CAN THEN BE MODIFIED ACCORDINGLY, SINCE THE INPUTS SHOW WHERE TO LOOK FOR THE INFORMATION REQUIRED IN RESEARCH. ******************************************** Document 3244 A SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY OF PUBLIC INFORMATION MATERIALS ABOUT POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCBS). ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF PCB-RELATED PUBLICATIONS WAS COMPILED AS A PUBLIC INFORMATION SERVICE BY THE COMMUNICATIONS STAFF OF THE UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN SEA GRANT INSTITUTE. MATERIALS ARE GROUPED BY AGENCIES AND ORGANISATIONS AND ARE DIVIDED INTO TWO CATEGORIES' BROCHURES, ARTICLES AND PAMPHLETS FOR THE GENERAL PUBLIC, AND MORE TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS THAT PROVIDE IN-DEPTH BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON THE SUBJECT. ******************************************** Document 3245 EARTH SCIENCE INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND SERVICES. DESCRIBES SOME OF THE IMPORTANT GEOLOGICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND SERVICES OF THE WORLD. ******************************************** Document 3246 COOPERATION BETWEEN THE NATIONAL AND SECTOR INFORMATION CENTRES IN HANDLING HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL LITERATURE. THE CHIEF AIMS AND TASKS OF COOPERATION BETWEEN THE SOVIET ALL-UNION INSTITUTE FOR SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION (VINITI) AND THE ALL-UNION HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION INSTITUTE-WORLD DATA CENTRE (VNIIGMI-MTSD) ARE DESCRIBED. PRESENTS THE RESULTS OF A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE FLOWS OF PRIMARY SOURCES RECEIVED BY THE 2 ESTABLISHMENTS AND SHOWS BY MEANS OF A FLOWCHART THEIR COOPERATIVE LITERATURE HANDLING PROCEDURE. ******************************************** Document 3247 NATIONAL ENERGY INFORMATION SYSTEM BASIC CONCEPTS. THE BASIC CONCEPTS ON WHICH THE NATIONAL ENERGY INFORMATION SYSTEM (NEIS) RESTS ARE DESCRIBED AND CLARIFIED. THE NEIS WAS ORIGINALLY CREATED UNDER CONGRESSIONAL MANDATE TO COLLECT, PROCESS, AND DISSEMINATE DATA USEFUL FOR ANALYSIS OF ENERGY SUPPLY AND CONSUMPTION ISSUES. ******************************************** Document 3248 STATE LEGISLATIVE EXCHANGE OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL INFORMATION IN THE REGION (A WORKSHOP ON HAZARDOUS WASTE DISPOSAL AND ALCOHOL FUELS IN THE MIDWEST HELD AT INDIANAPOLIS, IN. ON OCTOBER 1-2, 1979). THE COOPERATION FOR INFORMATION EXCHANGE ON HAZARDOUS WASTE ISSUES AND ALCOHOL FUELS INVOLVES CLEARLY DEFINED DILEMMAS ON THE TECHNICAL PARAMETERS. THE POTENTIAL CONFLICTS ARE OVER HOW TO ADDRESS PROBLEMS MOST SAFELY, MOST FAIRLY, AND MOST ECONOMICALLY. FOR ALCOHOL FUELS, THE TECHNICAL POINTS ARE IN DISPUTE. THE POINTS DISCUSSED BY THE WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS, EXPERTS, AND ENTREPRENEURS ARE SUMMARISED. AN ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL FOR MIDWEST REGIONAL COOPERATION IS PRESENTED. ******************************************** Document 3249 INFORMATION RESOURCE GUIDE TO CHEMICAL HAZARDOUS WASTES IN THE ENVIRONMENT. A GUIDE TO LITERATURE AND SOURCES OF INFORMATION ON CHEMICAL HAZARDOUS WASTES IN THE ENVIRONMENT IN THE US. COVERS' RESOURCES FOR BACKGROUND AND CURRENT INFORMATION, GOVERNMENT RESOURCES, DIRECTORIES AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION SOURCES. ******************************************** Document 3250 TECHNOLOGY INFORMATION SYSTEM REVIEW. THE TECHNOLOGY INFORMATION SYSTEM IS BEING DEVELOPED AS PART OF THE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS RESEARCH PROGRAM AT LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LABORATORY. THE GOAL OF TIS IS TO PROVIDE THE CAPABILITY TO ACCESS, DEVELOP, AND UTILISE INFORMATION NEEDED IN THE R AND D DECISION-MAKING PROCESS AND THE CONDUCT OF RESULTANT R AND D PROJECTS. ******************************************** Document 3251 TOWARD THE DEVELOPMENT OF A LIBRARY MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM. OUTLINES AN APPROACH, WITH BOTH WIDESPREAD IMPLICATIONS AND SPECIFIC PRACTICAL STEPS, FOR ASSEMBLING SOME OF THE DATA THAT LIBRARY ADMINISTRATORS NOW REQUIRE IN ORDER TO MAKE LIBRARIES OPERATE MORE EFFECTIVELY. THESE DATA HAVE NOT BEEN ASSEMBLED IN THE PAST BECAUSE THE COSTS IN STAFF TIME ALONE HAVE BEEN AND CONTINUE TO BE PROHIBITIVE FOR MOST INSTITUTIONS. ONE MAJOR IMPEDIMENT TO EFFECTIVE LIBRARY ADMINISTRATION IS THE LACK OF A COMPREHENSIVE MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM. SOME INVESTIGATORS IN THIS AREA SEEM TO HAVE BECOME FASCINATED WITH THE POTENTIAL VALUE OF VARIOUS ELUSIVE AND FUGITIVE LIBRARY STATISTICAL MEASURES, BUT THEY HAVE GIVEN LITTLE ATTENTION TO THE OPERATIONAL SYSTEMS THAT WOULD BE REQUIRED TO ASSEMBLE THESE DATA. THE PROPOSAL OUTLINED HERE STRESSES THE NEED FOR A TOTAL SYSTEMS APPROACH, BASED UPON STANDARDISED TERMINOLOGY; MACHINE-AIDED DATA COLLECTION, AND CUSTOMISED COMPUTER PROCESSING AND REPORTING AS WE LL AS SYSTEMATIC TRAINING AND DOCUMENTATION. ******************************************** Document 3252 INFORMATION CENTRE'S ROLE IN TRANSFERRING SPECIAL STEELS TECHNOLOGY. DESCRIBES HOW THE INFORMATION CENTRE OF THE SPECIAL STEELS PLANT HELPS THE ENGINEERS, TECHNOLOGISTS, PLANNERS AND R&D PERSONNEL OF THE PLANT. WITH THE VIEW THAT TIMELY INFORMATION CAN CHECK WASTAGE AND IMPROVE PRODUCTION AND QUALITY, THE CENTRE ARRANGES TO OBTAIN WHEN NECESSARY, THE RELEVANT INFORMATION IN ADVANCE DIRECTLY FROM THE SOURCES. ******************************************** Document 3253 INFORMATION IN THE SERVICE OF CULTURE. THE YAROSLAVSKAYA OBLASTNAYA BIBLIOTEKA IMENI N.A. NEKRASOVA, (N.A. NEKRASOV YAROSLAV REGIONAL LIBRARY), DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION ON CULTURE AND ART PROVIDES WORKERS IN THESE FIELDS WITH THE LATEST INFORMATION ON THEIR SUBJECTS. THE DEPARTMENT SERVES 25 COLLECTIVE AND NUMEROUS INDIVIDUAL SUBSCRIBERS WITH SELECTIVE INFORMATION ON 200 SUBJECTS. THE DEPARTMENT EXAMINES ALL BOOKS ACQUIRED ON CULTURE AND ART AND DISPATCHES INFORMATION CARDS TO SUBSCRIBERS. THE DEPARTMENT ALSO ASSISTS IN ORGANISING INTER-PROVINCIAL EXCHANGE OF UNPUBLISHED DOCUMENTS CONCERNING WORK EXPERIENCE IN THESE FIELDS. THE INFORMATION SERVICE TO WORKERS IN CULTURE AND ARTS IN REGIONAL INSTITUTIONS INVOLVES SENDING ANNOTATED SUBJECT LISTS ON SUCH SUBJECTS AS: 'WORK WITH TEENAGERS'. EXPERIENCE SHOWS THE LOCAL CULTURAL INFORMATION CENTRES ARE NECESSARY. ******************************************** Document 3254 INFORMATION POLICIES IN WESTERN EUROPE-SOME REMARKS ABOUT THE PRESENT SITUATION. DISCUSSES NATIONAL INFORMATION POLICIES IN WEST GERMANY, ITALY, SCANDINAVIA, FRANCE, SPAIN, BELGIUM, THE NETHERLANDS AND SWITZERLAND. VIEWDATA SYSTEMS HAVE NOT BEEN INTEGRATED INTO THESE POLICIES. STRESSES THAT LITTLE INFORMATION IS AVAILABLE ABOUT INFORMATION ITSELF. RECOMMENDS THAT THE POWERFUL BUT INDEPENDENT NATIONAL COORDINATING BODIES SHOULD COOPERATE INTERNATIONALLY. ******************************************** Document 3255 U.S. INFORMATION POLICY ISSUES. THE ROLE OF THE NATIONAL COMMISSION ON LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION SCIENCE IN FORMULATING US INFORMATION POLICIES IS DESCRIBED. THE ISSUES DISCUSSED ARE GROUPED INTO 4 CATEGORIES. PUBLIC VS. PRIVATE SECTOR QUESTIONS; ECONOMIC ISSUES; EDUCATION AND TRAINING; INTERNATIONAL ISSUES. FINALLY, A PLEA IS MADE FOR THE PRINCIPLE OF INTELLECTUAL FREEDOM. ******************************************** Document 3256 TECHNICAL-COMMUNICATION FUNDAMENTALS IN AN ERA OF TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE. HIGH-TECHNOLOGY COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS THAT EMPLOY COMPUTERS, CATHODE-RAY SCREENS, MICROGRAPHICS, AND VIDEO DISCS WILL UNDOUBTEDLY BE USED TO AN INCREASING EXTENT. HOWEVER, THE QUALITY OF THEIR MESSAGES AND THE CASE WITH WHICH THESE CAN BE READ WILL BE CONSIDERABLY LESSENED UNLESS SYSTEM DESIGNERS APPLY OR ADAPT MORE OF WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT TEXTUAL PRESENTATIONS AND UNLESS WE OURSELVES PAY BETTER ATTENTION TO HOW WE WRITE. ******************************************** Document 3257 INFORMATION THEORY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE. THE EMPIRICAL IMPORT OF SHANNON'S INFORMATION THEORY AND ITS IMPACT ON INFORMATION SCIENCE ARE DISCUSSED. IT IS ARGUED THAT EXTENSION OF THE SCOPE OF INFORMATION THEORY AS WELL AS DEVELOPMENT OF NEW THEORIES OF INFORMATION SCIENCE PRESUPPOSES BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF RELEVANT EMPIRICAL REGULARITIES AND LAWS. POSSIBILITIES OF BROADENING THE EMPIRICAL FOUNDATION OF INFORMATION THEORY BY INTRODUCTION OF APPROPRIATE LEAST EFFORT CRITERIA ARE DISCUSSED. ******************************************** Document 3258 UNIVERSAL AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION. THE UNIVERSAL AVAILABILITY OF PUBLICATIONS (UAP) AND THE UNIVERSAL BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL (UBC) PROGRAMMES ORGANISED BY IFLA SHOULD ENABLE INFORMATION TO BECOME MORE WIDELY ACCESSIBLE. THEY WILL BE HELPED IN THE NEAR FUTURE BY THE UNIVERSAL AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION (UAI) PROGRAMME, THE OBJECTIVE OF WHICH IS THE REMOVAL OF ALL BARRIERS AND THE UNIFICATION OF ACTIVITIES FOR THE AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION IN COUNTRIES ALL OVER THE WORLD. ******************************************** Document 3259 THE INFORMATION TRANSFER PROCESS. A DETAILED DISCUSSION, BASED ON RECENT LITERATURE, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE SITUATION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. COVERS THE PROBLEMS IN GENERAL OF OBTAINING RELEVANT AND SIGNIFICANT SCIENTIFIC DOCUMENTATION, CREATED BY THE INFORMATION EXPLOSION; THE EXISTING CHANNELS FOR INFORMATION TRANSFER, IN RELATION TO BOTH AVAILABLE TECHNIQUES AND COMMUNICATION PROCESSES; THE OBSTACLES INHIBITING EFFICIENT INFORMATION TRANSFER, BOTH GENERAL AND PARTICULAR, AND SOLUTIONS PROPOSED; THE DIFFICULTIES OF OBTAINING INFORMATION OF QUALITY, IN SITUATIONS WHERE THE INFORMATION CONSUMERS ARE FREQUENTLY ALSO PRODUCERS; AND FINALLY THE STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE OF LIBRARIES IN THE INFORMATION TRANSFER PROCESS. CONCLUDES BY OUTLINING PROCEDURES FOR ORGANISING PROGRAMMES TO DEVELOP NATIONAL SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. ******************************************** Document 3260 ZZZZ. PHARMACISTS ARE EXPECTED TO HAVE A THOROUGH KNOWLEDGE OF THEIR SUBJECT, WHICH CAN ONLY DEVELOP THROUGH USE OF A WELL-EQUIPPED, WELL-STAFFED LIBRARY. ONLY A FEW HUNGARIAN DISTRICT AND CITY HOSPITALS MEET THESE DEMANDS. THE ONLY SOLUTION WOULD BE FOR A CENTRE OF THE MEDICAL LIBRARY NETWORK OR THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF PHARMACEUTICS TO ORGANISE PHARMACEUTICAL INFORMATION. SUCH AN ORGANISATION WOULD BE ABLE TO PROVIDE INFORMATION ON DEMAND. ******************************************** Document 3261 VIRTUAL SPACE TELECONFERENCE SYSTEM. A TELECONFERENCE SYSTEM FOR N CONFEREES, N BEING GREATER THAN 2, INCLUDES AT LEAST 2 SEPARATE STATIONS. EACH STATION HAS N CONFEREE POSITIONS, CONFRONTING A VIRTUAL CONFERENCE SPACE, AND CORRESPONDING CONFEREE POSITIONS AT EACH STATION HAVE THE SAME RELATIVE LOCATIONS ABOUT THE VIRTUAL CONFERENCE SPACE. AT LEAST 1 CONFEREE POSITION AT EACH STATION IS ADAPTED TO BE OCCUPIED BY A CONFEREE IN PERSON. SURROGATE CONFEREES, WHICH INCLUDE A VIDEO DISPLAY, A VIDEO CAMERA, AND A LOUDSPEAKER, OCCUPY EACH CONFEREE POSITION NOT ADAPTED TO BE OCCUPIED BY A CONFEREE IN PERSON. ******************************************** Document 3262 A FORMAL TREATMENT OF DOCUMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS. DEALS WITH A MATHEMATICAL FORMULATION OF DOCUMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS. THE MODEL OF DOCUMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS IS GIVEN AS AN INTERPRETATION OF A FORMAL LANGUAGE. IN THE FORMAL LANGUAGE, A CONCEPT OF THE LABELLED TERMS IS INTRODUCED AS THE MOST BASIC CONCEPT, FROM A VIEWPOINT OF HIERARCHICAL SEMANTIC STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF DOCUMENTS. THE LABELS ARE INTENDED TO DENOTE THE CONTEXT INFORMATION, CALLED THE INFORMATION FUNCTIONS IN THIS PAPER, IN THE TEXT OF DOCUMENTS. ******************************************** Document 3263 OPTIMUM ORGANISATION OF THE INFORMATION PROCESS. PRESENTS THE DEMANDS MADE ON INFORMATIAN SERVICES; CITES AN ORGANISATIONAL SCHEME FOR ANALYTICO-SYNTHETIC INFORMATION PROCESSING; AND IDENTIFIES THE MAIN TRENDS OF INFORMATION UTILISATION OF RESEARCH INSTITUTES. SHOWS THAT THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF SINGLE-TIME INFORMATION SCANNING, ANALYSIS, AND SELECTION, MULTIPURPOSE UTILISATION, AND DUPLICATION ELIMINATION PROVIDES FOR A HIGHER DEGREE OF INFORMATION UTILISATION AND CONTRIBUTES TO IMPROVING THE QUALIFICATION LEVELS OF INFORMATION PERSONNEL. ******************************************** Document 3264 DATA BASE MANAGEMENT. JANUARY, 1975-MAY, 1981 (CITATIONS FROM THE INTERNATIONAL INFORMATION SERVICE FOR THE PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING COMMUNITIES DATA BASE). BIBLIOGRAPHY COVERS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF SOFTWARE PACKAGES AND IMPLEMENTATION OF DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS INTO VARIOUS INFORMATION SYSTEMS. ALSO CONSIDERED ARE GUIDELINES FOR THE OPTIMISATION AND MODELLING OF DATA BASES. ******************************************** Document 3265 INTEGRATING THE DATA ENCRYPTION STANDARD INTO COMPUTER NETWORKS. THE NBS DATA ENCRYPTION STANDARD MAY BE INTEGRATED INTO COMPUTER NETWORKS TO PROTECT PERSONAL (NONSHARED) FILES, TO COMMUNICATE SECURELY BOTH ON- AND OFF-LINE WITH LOCAL AND REMOTE USERS, TO PROTECT AGAINST KEY SUBSTITUTION, TO AUTHENTICATE DATA, AND TO PROVIDE DIGITAL SIGNATURES USING A NONPUBLIC KEY ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM. ******************************************** Document 3266 A DIRECTORY OF FEDERAL STATISTICAL DATA FILES. THE DIRECTORY OF FEDERAL STATISTICAL DATA FILES IS DESIGNED TO PROVIDE USERS INFORMATION ON THE EXISTENCE, LOCATION, AND ACQUISITION OF DATA RELEASED BY THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT IN MACHINE-READABLE FORM. THE DIRECTORY CONTAINS DESCRIPTIVE INFORMATION ON THE AVAILABILITY AND CONTENT OF STATISTICAL AND RELATED FILES PRODUCED BY FEDERAL AGENCIES. ******************************************** Document 3267 ETHICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS COMPUTER-BASED STUDENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS. PAPER PRESENTED AS PART OF A SYMPOSIUM ON ISSUES IN THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF COMPUTER-BASED STUDENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOCUSES ON THE ETHICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF THESE SYSTEMS. IT PROVIDES AN UPDATE OF THE BUCKLEY AMENDMENT OR FAMILY EDUCATIONAL RIGHTS AND PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 (FERPA) AND A REMINDER OF RELATED CODES OF ETHICS. 4 SUGGESTED GOALS FOR A STUDENT INFORMATION SYSTEM ARE SUGGESTED' (1) THAT THE RECORD SYSTEM ONLY CONTAIN INFORMATION ABOUT INDIVIDUALS THAT IS PERTINENT AND NECESSARY; (2) THAT THE INFORMATION IT DOES CONTAIN IS CORRECT; (3) THE INFORMATION IT CONTAINS WILL BE KEPT PRIVATE UNLESS ITS RELEASES HAS BEEN AUTHORISED; AND (4) THAT THE INDIVIDUALS CONCERNED, OTHER STUDENTS, THE SCHOOLS, AND/OR SOCIETY WILL BENEFIT FROM THE DATA. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 3268 DOD SHOULD GIVE BETTER GUIDANCE AND TRAINING TO CONTRACTORS WHO CLASSIFY NATIONAL SECURITY INFORMATION. BECAUSE OF DEFICIENCIES IN GUIDANCE, TRAINING, AND INSPECTIONS, SOME NATIONAL SECURITY INFORMATION HAS BEEN CLASSIFIED IMPROPERLY, BOTH OVERCLASSIFIED AND UNDERCLASSIFIED, AND HAS NOT BEEN PROPERLY MARKED TO PROTECT IT. GAO EVAULATED CONTRACTOR COMPLIANCE WITH THE CLASSIFICATION PROGRAMME REQUIREMENTS OF EXECUTIVE ORDER 12065 AND THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE (DOD) BY VISITING 20 CONTRACTORS IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA AND BY SENDING ABOUT 600 QUESTIONNAIRES TO CONTRACTORS NATIONWIDE. ******************************************** Document 3269 THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF SERBIA AND AUTOMATIC DATA PROCESSING. DESCRIBES THE WORK OF THE CENTRE FOR SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION AND REFERENCE-INFORMATION WORK AT THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF SERBIA. MAIN FUNCTIONS OF THE CENTRE ARE' THE PROVISION OF INFORMATION BASED ON THE LIBRARY'S COLLECTIONS AND THE ROLE OF AN INTERMEDIARY BETWEEN THE USER AND RESOURCES OF THE LIBRARY. DATA PROCESSING IS AUTOMATED AND WITHIN THIS FRAMEWORK 3 FILES ARE MAINTAINED BY THE CENTRE' CATALOGUE OF FOREIGN PERIODICALS IN SERBIAN LIBRARIES; CATALOGUE OF REPORTS OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN SERBIA; AND THE CATALOGUE OF SERBIAN RESEARCH AND SPECIAL LIBRARIES, INFORMATION SERVICES AND ARCHIVES. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF ALL 3 FILES. ******************************************** Document 3270 INDUSTRIAL CATALOGUES-A SPECIALISED INTERNATIONAL INFORMATION SYSTEM. COLLABORATION OF THE COMECON COUNTRIES HAS BEEN EXTENDED TO THE FIELD OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION. SINCE 1973, A SPECIALISED SECTION DEALING WITH INDUSTRIAL CATALOGUES HAS BEEN IN OPERATION. IN ADDITION TO CATALOGUES, THE COLLECTIONS INCLUDE PRESPECTUSES, TECHNICAL INFORMATION LEAFLETS, TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS, PRICELISTS, PRODUCTION PROGRAMMES, WORKS BULLETINS, COMPANY REPORTS AND THE LIKE. THE COLLECTIONS ARE NOT ONLY A SOURCE OF INVALUABLE INFORMATION ON NEW TECHNOLOGY BUT ARE REFERRED TO, FOR EXAMPLE, WHENEVER NEW PRODUCTS ARE PLANNED AND DESIGNED. THE SECTION IS HEADED BY THE STATE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL LIBRARY OF THE USSR, WHERE THE BULLETIN 2NEW INDUSTRIAL CATALOGUES1, CONTAINING 19 SERIES, IS PUBLISHED TWICE A MONTH. ITS INDUSTRIAL CATALOGUES' COLLECTION IS MADE UP OF 100,000 ITEMS. IN BULGARIA, THE RESPONSIBILITY IN THIS RESPECT IS WITH THE CENTRAL SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL LIBRARY. DURING THE YEARS 1976-80 COMPUTERISATION OF THE SYSTEM HAS BEEN IN PROGRESS, AND A LONGTERM PLAN UP TO 1990 HAS BEEN WORKED OUT. ******************************************** Document 3271 NATIONAL NEEDS FOR CRITICALLY EVALUATED PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA. RELIABLE VALUES OF NUMERICAL DATA THAT EXPRESS IN QUANTITATIVE TERMS THE PROPERTIES AND BEHAVIOUR OF MATERIALS ARE ESSENTIAL IN ALL BRANCHES OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND ARE NEEDED TO ARRIVE AT VALID DECISIONS WHENEVER A GOVERNMENTAL OR INDUSTRIAL DECISION INVOLVES ELEMENTS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. THE SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE CONTAINS MANY VALUABLE DATA COVERING A WIDE RANGE OF DIVERSE FIELDS. UNFORTUNATELY, IT ALSO CONTAINS MANY ERRONEOUS VALUES. A SUBSTANTIAL INTELLECTUAL EFFORT IS A REQUIRED TO SELECT RELIABLE VALUES FROM THE TOTAL OF THOSE REPORTED. FOR THIS REASON, A NUMBER OF SPECIALISED DATA CENTRES HAVE BEEN ESTABLISHED TO COMPILE AND EVALUATE DATA IN A SYSTEMATIC FASHION. ******************************************** Document 3272 SELECTION OF MOLECULAR FRAGMENT FEATURES FOR STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY STUDIES IN ANTITUMOUR SCREENING. THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE DEVELOPMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PROGRAM SCREENS ABOUT 13,000 COMPOUNDS PER YEAR FOR ANTITUMOUR ACTIVITY IN A MOUSE PRESCREEN. A METHOD FOR PREDICTING ACTIVITY USES MOLECULAR FRAGMENT FEATURES OF POTENTIAL ACQUISITIONS. THIS PAPER COVERS SOME DETAILS ABOUT HOW THE SET OF FEATURES WAS CHOSEN, FILLING A GAP IN EARLIER PUBLICATIONS. ******************************************** Document 3273 COMPUTER-AIDED SELECTION OF COMPOUNDS FOR ANTITUMOR SCREENING' VALIDATION OF A STATISTICAL-HEURISTIC METHOD. RECENT WORK HELPED CONFIRM THE VALIDITY OF A PREVIOUSLY PUBLISHED STATISTICAL-HEURISTIC METHOD FOR SELECTING COMPOUNDS TO BE PROCESSED IN THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE (NCI) MOUSE TUMOUR PRESCREEN. ONE STUDY INVOLVED ABOUT 35,000 COMPOUNDS WHICH SATISFIED CERTAIN BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL CRITERIA. THESE COMPOUNDS, TAKEN FROM THE NCI COLLECTION, WERE RANKED ACCORDING TO PREDICTED PROBABILITY OF ACTIVITY. THE RESULTS SHOWED 34% OF THE ACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN THE TOP 10% OF THE RANKING. IN A SECOND STUDY THE PREDICTIVE ABILITY OF A CHEMIST AND THE COMPUTER WERE COMPARED BY HAVING EACH RATE ALMOST 1,000 PREVIOUSLY UNSELECTED COMPOUNDS FOR ACTIVITY. THE RESULTS WERE ABOUT EQUAL WITH RESPECT TO THE YIELD OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS, THOUGH THEIR SELECTION AGREEMENT WAS FAIRLY LOW. ******************************************** Document 3274 CBF-COMPUTER HANDLING OF CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL FACTS. 2. CBF IS AN EDP-SUPPORTED DOCUMENTATION AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM FOR STRUCTURAL FORMULAS OF DEFINED ORGANIC COMPOUNDS AND THEIR BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES. IT FITS THE NEEDS OF A FIRM CONCERNED WITH DRUG RESEARCH FOR PREVAILING UNPUBLISHED INTERNAL DATA, WHICH THE SCIENTISTS CAN USE FOR REFLECTIONS ON STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS AND TO SEARCH FOR LEAD COMPOUNDS WITH SPECIAL ACTIVITY PROFILES. ******************************************** Document 3275 MAINTENANCE OF THE ORGANIC CHEMICAL PRODUCERS DATA BASE. DESCRIBES THE MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION OF THE ORGANIC CHEMICAL PRODUCERS DATA BASE FROM MARCH 79 TO DECEMBER 80. DURING THIS PERIOD THE OCPDB, AN AUTOMATED CHEMICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPED FOR THE US ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, WAS EXPANDED AND UPDATED BY RADIAN CORPORATION. CONCURRENTLY, THE DATA BASE PROVIDED USERS WITH ECONOMIC, TOXICITY, USE, AND PRODUCTION INFORMATION ABOUT MORE THAN 600 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICAL PRODUCTS. ******************************************** Document 3276 PROTOTYPE INPUT AND OUTPUT DATA ELEMENTS FOR THE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY INFORMATION SYSTEM. THE NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION PLANS TO IMPLEMENT A NASA-WIDE COMPUTERISED INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY. THE SYSTEM IS NECESSARY TO ADMINISTER THE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY PROGRAMMES AND TO MEET THE LEGAL AND REGULATORY REPORTING, RECORD KEEPING, AND SURVEILLANCE REQUIREMENTS. SOME OF THE POTENTIAL DATA ELEMENTS THAT NASA WILL REQUIRE AS INPUT AND OUTPUT FOR THE NEW OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY INFORMATION SYSTEM ARE ILLUSTRATED. ******************************************** Document 3277 CHILDREN'S ACCESS TO LIBRARY SYSTEMS. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE 41ST CONFERENCE OF THE GRADUATE LIBRARY SCHOOL, UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, 16-17 MAY 80, CHILDREN'S ACCESS TO SERVICES AND MATERIALS IN SCHOOL AND PUBLIC LIBRARIES. IN ORDER TO GUARANTEE CHILDREN ACCESS TO INFORMATION, WE MUST' ESTABLISH THE APPROPRIATE RESOURCE-SHARING ARRANGEMENTS; GRANT CHILDREN THE RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE IN THEM; AND INCLUDE CHILDREN'S MATERIALS AND RESOURCES IN THE DEVELOPING DATA SYSTEMS. CURRENT STUDIES REVEAL THAT, ALTHOUGH AS CHILDREN REACH JUNIOR HIGH AGE THEY USE THE PUBLIC LIBRARY PREDOMINANTLY FOR SCHOOL PROJECTS, NEITHER SCHOOL NOR PUBLIC LIBRARIES ARE IMPORTANT IN THE CHILD'S TOTAL PATTERN OF INFORMATION SEEKING. LACK OF TRANSPORTATION, TIME, AND SCHOOL ASSIGNMENTS BASED ON LIBRARY RESOURCES CONTRIBUTE TO THIS PATTERN. WHILE MULTIPLE COOPERATIVES SUCH AS THOSE DEVELOPING IN COLORADO AND BEING INITIATED IN NEW YORK ARE OF INTEREST AND SHOW PROMISE, LARGE-SCALE FAILURE TO DEVELOP INTER- AND INTRALIBRARY LOAN POLICIES AND PROCEDURES WHICH INCLUDE CHILDREN AND YOUNG ADULTS AS USERS FURTHER INHIBIT ACCESS BY THE YOUNG. AS OF THIS TIME, LITTLE OF THE MASSIVE AMOUNT OF CURRICULAR, HISTORICAL, TEXTUAL, OR LITERARY MATERIALS FOR CHILDREN ARE BEING INCLUDED IN DEVELOPING AUTOMATED DATA BASES AND SYSTEMS, THUS DENYING THEIR ACCESS TO ADULTS AS WELL AS TO YOUTH. IN FIGHTING THE BATTLE OF ACCESS FOR THE YOUNG, LIBRARIANS MUST DEVELOP BROADER COMPETENCIES IN THE AREAS OF MANAGEMENT AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY. ******************************************** Document 3278 LITERATURE STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM USING A TABLE-TOP COMPUTER. A DIALOGUE-PROGRAM IS DESCRIBED WHICH HANDLES CROSS-REFERENCES WITHIN A GIVEN SET OF KEYWORDS, AUTHOR NAMES, JOURNAL NAMES AND SPECIFIED REFERENCE NUMBERS. IT USES THE SET OF BASIC STATEMENTS AVAILABLE IN A WANG 2200T VERSION WHICH IS CONNECTED TO A FLOPPY-DISKETTE. THE PROGRAM HAS CONVENIENT FEATURES FOR EDITING AND PROCESSING OF LITERATURE DATA. ******************************************** Document 3279 MICROPROCESSORS AND WORD PROCESSORS-THEIR USE IN INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS. A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF MICROPROCESSORS AND WORD PROCESSORS IS PROVIDED WITH THE OBJECT OF BRINGING THE CAPABILITIES OF THIS EQUIPMENT, TO THE NOTICE OF INFORMATION SCIENTISTS IN INDIA, SO THAT THEIR UTILITY MAY BE STUDIED IN THE CONTEXT OF DESIGNING COMPUTER-BASED INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN INDIA. ******************************************** Document 3280 TEACHING STRATEGIES IN LIBRARY INSTRUCTION. SURVEYS THE RECENT LITERATURE RELATED TO LIBRARY INSTRUCTION AND SUGGESTS THAT MOST LIBRARY INSTRUCTION BEING CARRIED OUT TODAY MAY BE CATEGORISED INTO 1 OF THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONAL MODES' LIBRARY ORIENTATION, LIBRARY RESEARCH INSTRUCTION, AND SUBJECT BIBLIOGRAPHY INSTRUCTION. BRIEFLY DISCUSSES ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF CURRENT STRATEGIES. INDICATES CERTAIN PROBLEM AREAS IN LIBRARY INSTRUCTION; THE NEED FOR A COMMONLY-AGREED EDUCATIONAL THEORY BEHIND LIBRARY INSTRUCTION; THE IMPORTANCE OF FACULTY COOPERATION; AND THE NECESSITY FOR LIBRARIANS TO BE WILLING TO EXPERIMENT WITH NEW TECHNIQUES. ******************************************** Document 3281 GUIDE TO LIBRARY SKILLS. GUIDE TO THE BASIC SKILLS IN USING THE LIBRARY COMPOSED OF 3 BROAD UNITS. (1) ORIENTATION TO THE LIBRARY, INCLUDING COMPUTER-OUTPUT MICROFILM, CARD CATALOGUES, AND LOCATION OF MATERIALS; (2) REFERENCE BOOKS, INCLUDING USE OF THE DICTIONARY, ENCYCLOPEDIAS, AND THE VERTICAL FILE; AND (3) GENERAL INDEXES, INCLUDING USE OF THE PERIODICAL INDEXES, BIOGRAPHICAL INDEXES, AND OTHER SOURCES. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 3282 ASPECTS OF USER EDUCATION IN UK ACADEMIC LIBRARIES, 1976-1981. ACTIVITIES IN UK ACADEMIC LIBRARY USER EDUCATION IN THE PREVIOUS 5 YEARS ARE REVIEWED, WITH AN ATTEMPT TO IDENTIFY SIGNIFICANT EVENTS AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS. DEVELOPMENTS AND IMPROVEMENTS IN LIBRARY ORIENTATION, LIBRARY GUIDING AND SIGN-POSTING AND PRINTED LIBRARY GUIDES ARE CONSIDERED, AND SPECIFIC EXAMPLES ARE NOTED. EVALUATION OF USER EDUCATION PROGRAMMES IS SEEN AS THE MAJOR PROBLEM FACING ACADEMIC LIBRARIES, AND SOME EXAMPLES OF ATTEMPTS AT EVALUATION, INCLUDING THE TRAVELLING WORKSHOPS EXPERIMENT, ARE GIVEN. A BRIEF LOOK IS TAKEN AT FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS AND SOME AREAS, SUCH AS STUDY SKILLS, ARE IDENTIFIED AS BEING THOSE WHICH SHOULD NOW BE UNDER CONSIDERATION. ******************************************** Document 3283 COMMENTARY ON IMPROVING THE IMAGE OF THE SPECIAL LIBRARY. COMMENTS ON PREVIOUS ARTICLES IN 2SPEC. LIBR.1 BY CHARLES BAUER AND W.D. ROBERTSON (2SEE1 81/2152 AND 81/1157) REGARDING THE MOST IMPORTANT ROLE OF THE SPECIAL LIBRARY. ARGUES THAT SPECIAL LIBRARIANS SHOULD BECOME INVOLVED IN EDUCATING HIGH SCHOOL CHILDREN AS TO WHAT CAN BE EXPECTED OF AN EFFECTIVE SPECIAL LIBRARY. ******************************************** Document 3284 SOME IMPRESSIONS OF LIBRARY USER EDUCATION IN US SCHOOLS' REPORT OF A VISIT IN MAY 1981. A 2-PART REPORT BASED ON VISITS TO A SMALL GROUP OF SCHOOLS AND LIBRARIES, MAINLY IN NEW YORK, AND ATTENDANCE AT THE 11TH ANNUAL LIBRARY ORIENTATION-INSTRUCTION EXCHANGE (LOEX) LIBRARY INSTRUCTION CONFERENCE, EASTERN MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY, YPSILANTI, MAY 81. PART 1' AMERICAN SCHOOL LIBRARIES AND USER EDUCATION' A PERSONAL VIEW. PART 2' TEACHING LIBRARY USE COMPETENCE' BRIDGING THE GAP BETWEEN HIGH SCHOOL AND COLLEGE. ******************************************** Document 3285 THE ROLE OF TECHNICAL AND SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION IN THE TRAINING OF USERS. IN CZECHOSLOVAKIA IN 1952 A DECREE WAS PASSED ON THE EXTENSION TRAINING OF PHYSICIANS AND PHARMACISTS. IT IS THE TASK OF THE BRATISLAVA INSTITUTE OF EXTENSION TRAINING FOR PHYSICIANS AND PHARMACISTS TO SUPPLY LITERATURE AND INFORMATION FOR THIS EXTENSION TRAINING. THIS MEANS THE INFORMATION SUPPLY OF MORE THAN 53 LEARNING GROUPS; ABOUT 2,500 PHYSICIANS AND PHARMACISTS A YEAR. LITERATURE IS AVAILABLE FOR IN-LIBRARY READING, A LARGE NUMBER OF DOCUMENTS ARE LENT (30,000 UNITS A YEAR). IT IS, HOWEVER, CONSIDERED MORE IMPORTANT TO TEACH THE PARTICIPANTS OF EXTENSION TRAINING HOW TO USE THE LITERATURE AND INFORMATION TOOLS THEMSELVES (INCLUDING ABSTRACTING JOURNALS, INDEXES AND MAGNETIC TAPES). ******************************************** Document 3286 NO ENGLISH TITLE GIVEN).H UNGARIAN UNIVERSITY EDUCATION IS EXCLUSIVE, WITH OVER-RESTRICTIVE SPECIAL SUBJECTS. AT SZEGED, AT THE FACULTY OF PHARMACOLOGY, ATTEMPTS HAVE BEEN MADE TO TEACH STUDENTS HOW TO LEARN INDIVIDUALLY. PERSONAL CONSULTATIONS WERE FOLLOWED BY SUBJECT ASSIGNMENTS, GRADED ACCORDING TO STUDENTS' LINGUISTIC ABILITY. BIBLIOGRAPHIC INSTRUCTION, REFERENCE SOURCES AND LIBRARY USE WERE TAUGHT, AND LITERATURE SEARCHES UNDERTAKEN, FOLLOWED BY ABSTRACTS TRANSLATION. THE COURSE ASSISTED STUDENTS IN ALL ASPECTS OF LITERATURE PROCESSING. ******************************************** Document 3287 BIBLIOGRAPHY IN THE GERMAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC. DESCRIBES THE WORK OF THE DEUTSCHE BUCHEREI, THE EAST GERMAN NATIONAL LIBRARY, AS A CENTRE FOR THE PLANNING AND COORDINATION OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC ACTUALITIES. ALSO BRIEFLY DISCUSSES THE WORK OF OTHER CENTRAL BIBLIOGRAPHIC AND INFORMATION AGENCIES, SUCH AS THE DEUTSCHE STAATSBIBLIOTHEK (GERMAN STATE LIBRARY, BERLIN), THE ZENTRALINSTITUT FUR BIBLIOTHEKSWESEN (CENTRAL INSTITUTE FOR LIBRARIANSHIP, BERLIN), AND THE METHODISCHES ZENTRUM FUR WISSENSCHAFTLICHE BIBLIOTHEKEN UND INFORMATIONS- UND DOKUMENTATIONSEINRICHTUNGEN DES MINISTERIUMS FUR HOCH- UND FACHSCHULWESEN (METHODICAL CENTRE FOR RESEARCH LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION AND DOCUMENTATION CENTRES) OF THE MINISTRY FOR HIGHER AND SPECIAL EDUCATION. ******************************************** Document 3288 BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL-TODAY AND TOMORROW. DISCUSSES THE IMPORTANCE OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL TO THE SERVICES PROVIDED BY LIBRARIES, AND EXAMINES PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH NATIONAL UNION CATALOGUES, PARTICULARLY IN RELATION TO THE PROPOSED AUSTRALIAN BIBLIOGRAPHIC NETWORK. ******************************************** Document 3289 ACCESS TO FRENCH GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS. DRAWN FROM THE AUTHOR'S BOOK 2FRENCH OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS1 (PERGAMON PRESS, 1980). THE IMPROVEMENT IN THE BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL OF FRENCH GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS WHICH BEGAN WITH THE ESTABLISHMENT OF 2 BIBLIOGRAPHIES OF OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS IN THE 1950S WAS RECENTLY ENHANCED BY THE PUBLICATION OF LISTS OF OFFICIAL SERIALS. A FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT WAS PASSED IN 1978. DOCUMENT PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION IS DECENTRALISED, INVOLVING 3 GOVERNMENT PRINTERS AND SEVERAL AGENCIES. GIVES DETAILS OF THEIR CATALOGUES; PRESENTS THE MAIN GUIDES AND DIRECTORIES FOR GOVERNMENT AND GOVERNMENT BRANCHES; DISCUSSES THE MORE IMPORTANT DOCUMENTS BEING PUBLISHED; AND REFERS PARTICULARLY TO THE 2JOURNAL OFFICIEL1 AND PUBLICATIONS ON BUDGETING, ECONOMIC PLANNING, AND STATISTICS. ******************************************** Document 3290 THE FRENCH COMMISSION FOR COORDINATING ADMINISTRATIVE DOCUMENTATION AND THE DIRECTORY OF FRENCH OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS. AN ACCOUNT OF THE RESEARCH ACTIVITIES OF THE PUBLICATIONS COMMITTEE OF THE FRENCH COMMISSION FOR COORDINATING ADMINISTRATIVE DOCUMENTATION SINCE ITS INCEPTION IN 1971, LEADING TO THE RECENT PUBLICATION OF THE 1ST COMPREHENSIVE DIRECTORY OF FRENCH OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS IN 3 VOLUMES. THE PROBLEMS OF ESTABLISHING BIBLIOGRAPHICAL CONTROL OVER FRENCH ADMINISTRATIVE PUBLICATIONS ARE DETAILED, AND THE COMMITTEE'S PROCEDURES FOR ESTABLISHING AND IMPLEMENTING A SUCCESSFUL RESEARCH PROGRAMME DESCRIBED IN FULL. THE CONTENTS OF THE DIRECTORY, AND PROPOSED ARRANGEMENTS FOR REGULAR UPDATING, ARE OUTLINED. ******************************************** Document 3291 ISN'T IT TIME FOR NEW FRONTIERS FOR MANUSCRIPTS TOO?. A SEMINAR 'IL MANOSCRITTO' SITUEZIONE CATALOGRAFICA E PROPOSTA DI UNA ORGANIZZAZIONE DELLA DOCUMENTAZIONE E DELLA INFORMAZIONI', CENTRAL INSTITUTE FOR THE UNION CATALOGUE ROME, JUNE 80, CONCLUDED UNANIMOUSLY THAT THE VAST INHERITANCE OF MANUSCRIPTS IN ITALIAN LIBRARIES SHOULD BE BROUGHT TO STUDENTS' NOTICE BY NEW CATALOGUING METHODS WHICH WOULD TRANSMIT ESSENTIAL DATA TO A DOCUMENTATION AND INFORMATION CENTRE. THE NEW METHODOLOGY SHOULD PROVIDE COLLECTED DATA FOR EACH MANUSCRIPT, A DESCRIPTION AT VARIOUS LEVELS, AND CENTRALISED ARRANGEMENT OF DATA. ADEQUATE QUALIFIED STAFF WILL BE NEEDED TO CARRY OUT THE PROJECT. COOPERATION BETWEEN STATE AND REGION COULD PRESENT PROBLEMS. AN ENERGETIC CULTURAL POLICY AND POLITICAL ENTHUSIASM ARE ESSENTIAL. LIBRARIANS HAVE DEMONSTRATED A SACRIFICIAL WILLINGNESS TO BREAK DOWN THE BARRIERS OF INCOMPREHENSION. ******************************************** Document 3292 LITERATURE REQUIREMENTS OF RESEARCH WORK. INFORMATION ON RESEARCH TOPICS MUST BE UP TO DATE. FOR TOPIC RETRIEVAL, A RESEARCHER CAN MAKE A PERSONAL CARD INDEX OF JOURNAL ARTICLES, OR CHECK 2CURRENT CONTENTS1. ALTERNATIVELY HE MAY RELY ON 1 OR 2 COMPREHENSIVE WORKS AND THEIR REFERENCES. HOWEVER, PAPERS IN 2PHARMACOLOGICAL REVIEW1 OR 2PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEW1, FROM ENGLISH-SPEAKING COUNTRIES, DO NOT REPRESENT A CROSS-SECTION OF THE IMPORTANT PUBLICATIONS ON A PARTICULAR TOPIC. THE LITERATURE BASE SHOULD BE ENLARGED. ******************************************** Document 3293 SECONDARY SERVICES IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES' THE NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT AND THE ROLE OF LIBRARIANS. RESEARCH BASED AT THE UNIVERSITY OF BATH, UK, DURING 1967-75 (INCLUDING THE INVESTIGATION INTO INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES (INFROSS) AND DESIGN OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES (DISISS) PROJECTS) SHOWED INDEXING AND ABSTRACTING SERVICES IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES TO BE NUMEROUS, UNCOORDINATED, OFTEN POORLY DESIGNED, AND GREATLY UNDERUSED. OBSTACLES TO IMPROVEMENT INCLUDE THE NON-COMMERCIAL NATURE OF MANY SERVICES, RELATIVELY SMALL AND POOR MARKET, MAIN BUYERS (LIBRARIES) NOT BEING THE USERS, AND GENERALLY LITTLE INCENTIVE. IN THE LONG TERM, A TOTALLY AUTOMATED SYSTEM COULD BE THE SOLUTION. MEANWHILE, LIBRARIES CAN IMPROVE THE SITUATION BY CONDUCTING EVALUATION STUDIES, CANCELLING POOR SERVICES, PRESSING FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF GOOD SERVICES, AND ENCOURAGING USERS TO BE MORE DEMANDING. ******************************************** Document 3294 THE AUTOMATIC GENERATION OF LITERATURE ABSTRACTS: AN APPROACH BASED ON THE IDENTIFICATION OF SELF-INDICATING PHRASES. PRESENTS A METHOD FOR THE AUTOMATIC GENERATION OF INDICATIVE ABSTRACTS BASED ON THE IDENTIFICATION OF COMMONLY-OCCURRING STRUCTURES WHICH EXPLICITLY STATE THAT THE SENTENCES CONTAINING THEM HAVE SOMETHING IMPORTANT TO SAY ABOUT THE SUBJECT MATTER OR 'MESSAGE' OF THE DOCUMENT. EXAMPLES OF SUCH STRUCTURES OR 'INDICATORS' ARE 'THE PRINCIPAL AIM OF THIS PAPER...' AND 'A METHOD IS DESCRIBED FOR...'. DISCUSSES THE IDENTIFICATION AND WEIGHTING OF INDICATORS; ADDITION OF SUPPORTIVE SENTENCES; AND TREATMENT OF EXOPHORIC FEATURES. THE RESULTS OF A TEST RUN AIMING AT 105-WORD ABSTRACTS WERE PROMISING. ******************************************** Document 3295 COVERAGE OF WORLD LITERATURE IN ICHTHYOLOGY BY 2BIOLOGIYA1 ABSTRACT JOURNAL AND 2INTERNATIONAL ABSTRACTS OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES1. COMPARES THE COVERAGE OF WORLD LITERATURE ON ICHTHYOLOGY IN 2 ABSTRACTING JOURNALS-2BIOLOGIYA1 (USSR) AND 2INTERNATIONAL ABSTRACTS OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES1 (UK)-USING THE CRITERIA TOTAL NUMBER OF PUBLICATIONS COVERED; TIME-LAG; TYPES AND NUMBER OF PRIMARY SOURCES COVERED; SUBJECT DISTRIBUTION OF PUBLICATIONS COVERED; PUBLICATION SCATTERING; DISTRIBUTION OF PUBLICATIONS BY COUNTRY; AND FORMS OF PUBLICATION REDUCTION. ******************************************** Document 3296 THE ROLE AND PRACTICE OF REFERENCE STATISTICS (IN CHINESE). REFERENCE STATISTICS, AN INTEGRAL PART OF LIBRARY STATISTICS, IS A SIGNIFICANT ELEMENT IN PERFORMANCE EVALUATION, BUDGET ALLOCATION, AND SHORT TERM AND LONG-RANGE PLANNING IN A LIBRARY. HIGHLIGHTS SOME IMPORTANT ASPECTS OF COLLECTING, ANALYSING AND APPLYING REFERENCE STATISTICAL INFORMATION, FROM A PRACTICAL POINT OF VIEW. ******************************************** Document 3297 USER-LIBRARIAN NEGOTIATIONS AND INFORMATION SEARCH PROCEDURES IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES. DESCRIBES HYPOTHESES, EXPERIMENTAL SITUATIONS AND DESIGN, ANALYSING METHODOLOGY, AND FINDINGS AND CONSIDERS THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO THE USER-LIBRARIAN INFORMATION TRANSFER PROCESS. DESCRIBES A PROJECT ON THIS TOPIC, UNDERTAKEN DURING 1976-79, CONCURRENTLY WITH THE TRAINING OF STUDENTS IN INFORMATION RETRIEVAL AT THE ROYAL SCHOOL OF LIBRARIANSHIP, COPENHAGEN, DENMARK. ******************************************** Document 3298 PROJECT HERMES. THE PROJECT INVESTIGATES ELECTRONIC DOCUMENT DELIVERY SYSTEMS USING A 'SUPER-TELEX' TELECOMMUNICATIONS FACILITY (TELETEX) ALLOWING FULL FACSIMILE TRANSMISSION, ELECTRONIC MAIL AND THE USE OF VIDEOTEX SYSTEMS. ******************************************** Document 3299 UAP & PATTERNS OF INTERLENDING. OUTLINES THE CONCEPT OF UNIVERSAL AVAILABILITY OF PUBLICATIONS (UAP), AND INDICATES POSSIBLE PATTERNS OF INTERLENDING SYSTEMS THAT MAY BE SUITABLE FOR DIFFERENT COUNTRIES. CONSIDERS THE RELATIONSHIP OF INTERLENDING SYSTEMS TO BOOK SUPPLY, ACQUISITIONS POLICIES AND PLANS, AND REPOSITORY SYSTEMS. ******************************************** Document 3300 THE CONCEPTION OF THE UNIVERSAL AVAILABILITY OF PUBLICATIONS PROGRAMME AND ITS PRACTICAL RESULTS. BRIEFLY DESCRIBES THE MOST IMPORTANT PHASES OF THE UNIVERSAL AVAILABILITY OF PUBLICATIONS (UAP) PROGRAMME. ANALYSES THE CONNECTION BETWEEN THE PROGRAMME AND INTER-LIBRARY LENDING. OUTLINES THE CONCEPTUAL PROBLEMS OF A NATIONAL INTER-LIBRARY LENDING SYSTEM MODEL AND PRESENTS 4 BASIC MODELS SPECIFYING THEIR ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES. FINALLY DESCRIBES SOME PRACTICAL RESULTS OF THE UAP PROGRAMME IN RELATION TO BRAZIL, BULGARIA, FRANCE, EAST GERMANY, MALAYSIA, NORWAY, UK AND USA. ******************************************** Document 3301 UNIVERSAL AVAILABILITY OF PUBLICATIONS IN HUNGARIAN LIBRARIES. HUNGARIAN LIBRARIES HAVE BEEN ORGANISED IN NETWORKS SINCE THE 1950S AND MORE RECENTLY THERE HAVE BEEN EFFORTS TO COORDINATE ACQUISITIONS. THE HIGH COST OF FOREIGN PUBLICATIONS IS A PROBLEM. GENEROUS LEGAL DEPOSIT LAWS COMPENSATE TO SOME EXTENT FOR UNION CATALOGUE INADEQUACIES. THE NATIONAL SZECHENYI LIBRARY DOES NOT LEND MATERIAL, BUT ACTS AS A SWITCHING CENTRE. NEW REGULATIONS WILL INCREASE THE NUMBER OF LIBRARIES LENDING MATERIAL. 23% OF REQUESTS ARE SATISFIED ABROAD. DEMAND IS AT A RELATIVELY LOW LEVEL, BUT SHOWS A STEADY GROWTH. 2 NEW BODIES, THE CENTRAL STORAGE LIBRARY AND THE CENTRAL REGISTER OF LIBRARIES, WILL BRING SOME IMPROVEMENTS. ******************************************** Document 3302 A DALA PROJECT 25 YEARS AGO. DESCRIBES THE 1ST DALA PROJECT CARRIED OUT IN 1956-58 BY THE AUTHOR AND FINANCED INITIALLY BY LOTTERY MONEY GAINED BY DALARNA LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. THE AIM WAS TO REACH NEW LIBRARY USERS. AFTER A SCANT EXAMINATION OF THE AVAILABLE LITERATURE THE AUTHOR BEGAN SEEKING POTENTIAL USER GROUPS SUCH AS SOCIETIES FOR HOUSEWIVES, FARMERS, PENSIONERS, AND SCHOOLS. CONTACTS WERE MADE AND LETTERS WRITTEN. BOOK EXHIBITIONS AND BOOK TALKS WERE ARRANGED AT MEETINGS OF THE SOCIETIES. A PROPER EVALUATION OF THE PROJECT WAS NOT MADE, ALTHOUGH SOME FIGURES ARE AVAILABLE IN UPPSALA UNIVERSITY'S SOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY ON LEISURE HABITS IN DALARNA PUBLISHED IN 1959. THE AUTHOR LEFT IN 1958, BUT THE PROJECT WAS CARRIED ON BY OTHERS IN A LIMITED FORM UNTIL 1966, AND A NEW PROJECT IS DUE TO START IN AUTUMN 81. ******************************************** Document 3303 TAKE A BOOK': EXHIBITION, MEETINGS AND PUBLICITY ACTIVITIES ON CHILDREN'S LITERATURE.A N ACCOUNT OF A PROGRAMME OF ACTIVITIES PLANNED FOR NOV-DEC 80 IN THE LIBRARIES OF A NORTH ITALIAN DISTRICT TO ENCOURAGE CHILDREN'S USE OF LIBRARIES AND INVOLVE PARENTS AND TEACHERS. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF THE EXHIBITION, AUTHORS SCHEDULED TO APPEAR, AND ACTIVITIES PLANNED FOR TEACHERS AND CHILDREN OF DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS. ******************************************** Document 3304 THE TECHNICAL PROCESSING OF MATERIALS IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES. CONTRIBUTION TO A SPECIAL SECTION ON THE PHILIPPINES. CLAIMS THAT ACADEMIC LIBRARIES, MORE THAN ANY OTHER TYPE OF LIBRARY, HAVE MADE CONSIDERABLE PROGRESS IN RECENT YEARS TO COPE WITH NEW DEVELOPMENTS, PARTICULARLY IN THE AREA OF TECHNICAL SERVICES. HIGHLIGHTS ADVANCES IN CATALOGUING PRACTICES, RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS, COOPERATIVE VENTURES, AND TRAINING PROGRAMMES. ******************************************** Document 3305 CENTRALISED LIBRARY SERVICES IN MOSCOW. MOSCOW IS DIVIDED INTO 32 AREAS, EACH OF WHICH HAS A CENTRAL MASS LIBRARY AND BRANCH LIBRARIES. THESE LIBRARIES RECEIVE METHODOLOGICAL ADVICE FROM THE CENTRAL NEKRASOV LIBRARY. COLLECTIONS OF LITERATURE IN LANGUAGES OF SOVIET REPUBLICS ARE ALSO STORED IN THAT LIBRARY. THERE ARE 4,000 LIBRARIES IN MOSCOW, OUT OF WHICH 3,000 ARE MASS LIBRARIES, CHILDREN'S LIBRARIES, SCHOOL LIBRARIES AND TRADE UNION LIBRARIES. THE REST ARE SCIENTIFIC LIBRARIES. THE SOVIET CATALOGUING CENTRE RECEIVES 15 FREE COPIES OF ALL THE BOOKS PUBLISHED IN THE USSR. ALL BOOKS, NEWSPAPERS, AND PERIODICALS ARE CATALOGUED THERE, ABOUT 45,000 BOOKS A YEAR IN ALL. A NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY IS PRODUCED. SCIENTIFIC LIBRARIES ARE THE MAIN BENEFICIARIES OF THE CENTRALISED SERVICE. ISBN IS NOT USED YET, BUT ISSN IS, AND A TRANSLATION PROGRAMME IS BEING PREPARED FOR INTERNATIONAL INFORMATION TRANSFER IN MARC FORMAT. CENTRALISED CATALOGUING SERVICES ARE ALSO OFFERED BY THE LENIN LIBRARY AND BY TH E 4 BOOK COLLECTIVES IN MOSCOW. ******************************************** Document 3306 SELF-MADE IS WELL MADE' ON-LINE CATALOGUE ACCESS IN THE NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY LIBRARY. DESCRIBES THE US NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY LIBRARY'S COMPUTER SYSTEM, WHICH USES THE UNIVERSITY'S CENTRAL COMPUTER. THE FIRST PHASE OF THE NORTHWESTERN ON-LINE TOTALLY INTEGRATED SYSTEM, (NOTIS), WAS BEGUN WITH THE LIBRARY'S MOVE TO A NEW BUILDING IN 1970. THIS WAS AN ISSUE CONTROL SYSTEM AND WAS FOLLOWED BY AUTOMATION OF MOST TECHNICAL ROUTINES. UNDER DEVELOPMENT IS THE LIBRARY USER INFORMATION SERVICE, (LUIS), A SYSTEM WHICH ALLOWS ON-LINE SEARCHING IN THE LIBRARY'S CATALOGUE OF ACQUISITIONS SINCE 1970. THE CARD CATALOGUE IS, HOWEVER, BEING MAINTAINED MEANTIME AS LUIS DOES NOT ALLOW SUBJECT SEARCHES, NOR HAS FULL BIBLIOGRAPHIC DETAILS. ALTHOUGH COST EFFECTIVENESS OF AUTOMATION PRIOR TO ITS INTRODUCTION HAD NOT BEEN CONSIDERED THE SYSTEM HAS BEEN SMOOTHLY INSTALLED AND HAD LED TO INCREASED PRODUCTIVITY IN THE TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT. THERE WAS GENERAL SATISFACTION WITH THE FACT THAT THE LIBRARY HAD BEEN AB LE TO CREATE A WELL FUNCTIONING, INDEPENDENT SYSTEM. ******************************************** Document 3307 THE CONFERENCE-GOERS' GUIDE TO COLLECTION BUILDING. DESCRIBES HOW ONE CAN OBTAIN MATERIAL, INFORMATION AND CONTACT TO ASSIST IN BUILDING COLLECTIONS WHILST ATTENDING CONFERENCES, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION CONFERENCE. A GUIDE TO ALA UNITS EMPHASISING COLLECTION BUILDING IS APPENDED. ******************************************** Document 3308 GATHERING ENEMY SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION IN WARTIME' THE OSS AND THE PERIODICAL REPUBLICATION PROGRAM. THE EXISTENCE OF AND NECESSITY FOR INTERNATIONAL FLOW OF SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION HAS BECOME A COMMONPLACE. THAT FLOW, HOWEVER, WAS DISRUPTED DURING WORLD WAR II, WHEN AN EMERGENCY SUPPLY SYSTEM WAS SET UP BY THE USA TO REPLACE NONFUNCTIONING BOOK TRADE CHANNELS. THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENTS' INTERDEPARTMENTAL COMMITTEE FOR THE ACQUISITION OF FOREIGN PUBLICATIONS (IDC) OPERATED BY THE OFFICE OF STRATEGIC SERVICES (OSS), COLLECTED FOREIGN JOURNALS OVERSEAS IN ORDER TO REPRODUCE THEM ON MICROFILM AND DISTRIBUTE THEM TO GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, ONE OF WHICH WAS THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. IN LATE 1942 THE OFFICE OF THE ALIEN PROPERTY CUSTODIAN (APC) WAS URGED TO SEIZE THE COPYRIGHTS OF THE LEADING EUROPEAN PERIODICALS AND TO REPRINT AND DISTRIBUTE THEM. DESCRIBES THIS REPUBLICATION PROGRAMME IN DETAIL AND DISCUSSES THE HEIGHTENED NATIONAL AWARENESS OF THE STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE OF CURRENT PUBLISHED INFORMATIO N WHICH WAS TO AFFECT THE PERCEPTION OF AND PLANNING FOR US RESEARCH LIBRARIES IN THE POSTWAR DECADES. ******************************************** Document 3309 THE PROVISION OF LITERATURE FOR PUBLIC LIBRARIES AND TRADE UNION LIBRARIES. IN EAST GERMANY, AN IMPORTANT PARTNERSHIP HAS DEVELOPED BETWEEN LIBRARIES AND THE ZENTRALINSTITUT FUR BIBLIOTHEKSWESEN (ZIB-CENTRAL INSTITUTE OF LIBRARIANSHIP), WHICH PROVIDES INFORMATION ON PUBLISHED LITERATURE. PRESENT PROBLEMS INCLUDE OUT OF PRINT MATERIAL AND THE INABILITY OF LOCAL BOOKSELLERS TO PROVIDE ALL REQUIREMENTS. IT IS ASSUMED THAT ALL LIBRARIES BUY THE POPULAR MATERIAL RECOMMENDED BY ZIB, ALTHOUGH ONLY LARGE LIBRARIES BUY THE MORE ADVANCED WORKS, ESPECIALLY ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. AN AGREEMENT HAS BEEN MADE BETWEEN PUBLISHERS AND ZIB CONCERNING THE CENTRALISING OF LIBRARY SUPPLIES. ZIB'S LISTS OF RECOMMENDED BOOKS, PERIODICALS, NEWSPAPERS, TAPES AND RECORDS ARE AN IMPORTANT BASIS FOR PURCHASING POLICY; EACH LIBRARY SHOULD HAVE 1 STAFF MEMBER RESPONSIBLE FOR DEALING WITH THEM. ******************************************** Document 3310 PLANNING ACQUISITIONING OF A JOINT STOCK IN A CENTRALISED LIBRARY SYSTEM. PLANNED ACQUISITIONING SHOULD BE BASED ON AN ANALYSIS OF THE STOCK'S COMPOSITION AND AN EVALUATION OF ITS BASIC CHARACTERISTICS. THE USSR CULTURE MINISTRY RECOMMENDS THE FOLLOWING SUBJECT RATIOS' SOCIOPOLITICAL LITERATURE 19%-20% OF STOCK; NATURAL SCIENCE, MATHEMATICS AND MEDICINE 6%-7%; TECHNOLOGY AND AGRICULTURE-EACH 6%; ART AND SPORT-6%-7%; FICTION-48%-50%; LINGUISTICS, LITERATURE, GEOGRAPHY AND GENERAL-8%. LITERATURE OF THE LAST 5 YEARS SHOULD COMPRISE 50% OF STOCK. CORRESPONDENCE OF THE STOCK'S SUBJECT CONTENT WITH READERS' REQUIREMENTS IS REVEALED BY COMPARING ITS SUBJECT STRUCTURE WITH THAT OF THE ISSUE. LANGUAGE COMPOSITION OF STOCK SHOULD ALSO DEPEND ON READER DEMAND. RESULTS OF STOCK-EVALUATION MUST UNDERLY THE PLANNING OF CURRENT ACQUISITIONS AND 5-YEAR PLANS. ******************************************** Document 3311 SELECTION OF HOLDINGS FOR THE BRANCH INFORMATION SYSTEM OF HEALTH. THE BRATISLAVA HEALTH INFORMATION CENTRE DEALS INTENSIVELY WITH INFORMATION SUPPLY FOR RESEARCH. ONE SIGNIFICANT FIELD OF THEIR WORK IS HEALTH ORGANISATION, THE INFORMATION BASIS OF WHICH WAS DETERMINED BY SELECTING THE MOST INFORMATIVE PERIODICALS BY BIBLIOMETRICAL METHODS. THE 2 METHODS APPLIED WERE' FREQUENCY ANALYSIS, AND CITATION ANALYSIS. FREQUENCY ANALYSIS WAS CARRIED OUT ON THE BASIS OF 16 SECTIONS OF THE 1977 VOLUME OF 2MEDITSINSKY REFERATIVNY ZHURNAL 1AND OF SECTIONS 17, 35 AND 36 OF THE 1977 VOLUME OF 2EXCERPTA MEDICA. MRZH 1YIELDED 81 TITLES WITH 711 DATA, +E+M-154 TITLES WITH 711 DATA. ******************************************** Document 3312 RATIONALISATION AND COOPERATION IN COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT IN AUSTRALIA. DESCRIBES THE DIFFICULTIES IMPOSED BY BUDGETARY CONSTRAINTS ON THE MAINTENANCE OF ADEQUATE COLLECTIONS AROUND THE COUNTRY, AND THE CONFLICTING AIMS OF SUPPLYING DIFFERENT CLIENTELE. QUESTIONS THE ABILITY OF EXISTING COLLECTION RESOURCES IN AUSTRALIA TO RESPOND TO INCREASING AND COMPETING DEMANDS. DISCUSSES WAYS IN WHICH THE DUAL AIMS OF RATIONALISATION THROUGH RESOURCE SHARING AND THE PROTECTION OF COLLECTION INTEGRITY MIGHT BE ACHIEVED, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE NEED FOR PLANNING IN THE AUSTRALIAN CONTEXT. ******************************************** Document 3313 QUO VADIMUS?. COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT POLICIES IN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES ARE DISCUSSED FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE LIBRARY AND THE TEACHING FACULTIES. ******************************************** Document 3314 A SIMPLE OBJECTIVE METHOD FOR DETERMINING A DYNAMIC JOURNAL COLLECTION. BASED ON A PAPER PRESENTED AT THE 79TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE MEDICAL LIBRARY ASSOCIATION, HONOLULU, HAWAII, 5 JUNE 79. IN ORDER TO DETERMINE THE CONTENT OF A JOURNAL COLLECTION, QUANTITATIVE MEASURES OF THE USE OF A 647-TITLE COLLECTION HAVE BEEN RELATED TO SPACE AND COST REQUIREMENTS TO DEVELOP OBJECTIVE CRITERIA FOR A DYNAMIC COLLECTION FOR THE TREADWELL LIBRARY AT THE MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL. THE METHOD IS DESCRIBED IN DETAIL. ******************************************** Document 3315 POPULAR FICTION SELECTION IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES: IMPLICATIONS OF POPULAR CULTURE STUDIES. PROPOSES THAT PUBLIC LIBRARIANS, IN SELECTING POPULAR FICTION, ABOLISH THE CONFLICT BETWEEN HIGH VALUES AND 'LOW' TASTES BY FORMULATING SELECTION PLANS IN WHICH VALUE IS INSTRUMENTAL-CONDITIONAL UPON THE DEGREE TO WHICH A WORK OF FICTION MEETS OR FAILS TO MEET IDENTIFIED NEEDS. IN THIS WAY THEY WILL COME TO UNDERSTAND THE WAYS IN WHICH EXISTING WORKS SERVE THE READING PUBLIC'S NEEDS, AND SERVE THE PUBLIC BETTER. ******************************************** Document 3316 A REVIEWER'S STORY. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE 41ST CONFERENCE OF THE GRADUATE LIBRARY SCHOOL, UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, 16-17 MAY 80, CHILDREN'S ACCESS TO SERVICES AND MATERIALS IN SCHOOL AND PUBLIC LIBRARIES. A REVIEWER LOOKS AT SELECTION, DESCRIPTION, AND CRITICISM OF THE CHILDREN'S BOOKS WHICH SHE MUST DECIDE TO RECOMMEND OR NOT RECOMMEND FOR LIBRARY PURCHASE. WOVEN THROUGHOUT THE DISCUSSION IS A PERSONALISED ACCOUNT OF EXPERIENCES THAT FORCE THE REVIEWER TO CONSIDER THE WHOLE RANGE OF POSSIBLE REACTIONS TO CONTROVERSIAL MATERIAL FROM VIEWPOINTS OF CHILDREN, PARENTS, LIBRARIANS, EDUCATORS, PUBLISHERS, AUTHORS, AND ARTISTS. IN ADDITION TO THE NATURE OF THE BOOK AND THE PROSPECTIVE READER THE REVIEWER NEEDS TO TAKE INTO ACCOUNT HER OWN PREPARATION AND EXPERIENCE FOR EVALUATING AND REVIEWING EACH BOOK. ******************************************** Document 3317 SERIAL ACQUISITION AS A CAPITAL BUDGETING PROBLEM. EXAMINES THE COSTS AND BENEFITS OF PURCHASING PERIODICALS ON A 1-YEAR VERSUS A 3-YEAR SUBSCRIPTION BASIS. THE DECISION PROBLEM IS VIEWED AS A CAPITAL BUDGETING PROBLEM WHERE THE OBJECTIVE IS COST MINIMISATION OVER A 6-YEAR TIME SPAN. THE VARIABLES CONSIDERED CRITICAL TO THE DECISION INCLUDE COST OF CAPITAL, SUBSCRIPTION REORDER COST FACING THE LIBRARY, ANNUAL RATE OF CHANGE OF SUBSCRIPTION RATES, AND RATIO OF 3-YEAR TO 1-YEAR SUBSCRIPTION COSTS. THE MODEL WAS DEVELOPED AND APPLIED WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF LIBRARY MANAGERS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER. RESULTS OF THE STUDY INDICATE THAT, EVEN UNDER THOSE CONDITIONS MOST FAVOURABLE TO MAINTAINING A 1-YEAR SUBSCRIPTION POLICY, SUBSTANTIAL SAVINGS CAN ACCRUE BY SHIFTING TO A 3-YEAR SUBSCRIPTION POLICY. ******************************************** Document 3318 AN INTERDEPARTMENTAL ALLOCATION FORMULA FOR THE MAXIMIZATION OF USE OF LIBRARY MATERIALS. DEVELOPS A MATHEMATICAL FORMALISATION OF THE PROBLEMS OF MAXIMISING USE OF LIBRARY MATERIALS IN TERMS OF THE IDEAS DEVELOPED BY T.J. PIERCE AND W.E. MCGRATH (78/2422) IN THEIR WORK OF ALLOCATION, AND SOLVES THIS PROBLEM TO PRODUCE THE ALLOCATION FORMULA THAT MAXIMISES THE USE OF MATERIALS. BRIEFLY DISCUSSES THE FEASIBILITY OF APPLYING THE FORMULA. ******************************************** Document 3319 BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA BASES IN COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT. REVIEWS THE LITERATURE ON THE USE OF BATCH AND ON-LINE BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA BASES IN COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES. PRESENTS THE METHODS AND RESULTS OF A SURVEY OF US SPECIAL LIBRARIES AND MEDIUM SIZED RESEARCH LIBRARIES DESIGNED TO ASCERTAIN THE EXTENT OF THE USE OF ON-LINE DATA BASES IN SELECTION AND COLLECTION EVALUATION. CONCLUDES THAT ON-LINE DATA BASES ARE BEING PRIMARILY USED FOR BIBLIOGRAPHIC VERIFICATION AS PART OF THE SELECTION PROCESS, AND THAT VERY LITTLE USE IN COLLECTION EVALUATION WAS REPORTED, ALTHOUGH ITS POTENTIAL WAS ACKNOWLEDGED. DESCRIBES A RECENT EVALUATION OF CHEMISTRY HOLDINGS IN THE LIBRARY OF THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT ALBANY. ******************************************** Document 3320 THE ISRAEL LEGAL DEPOSIT LAW (IN HEBREW). IN 1953 THE LAW, ORIGINALLY PROMULGATED BY THE BRITISH MANDATORY GOVERNMENT, WAS AMENDED. AS IT NOW STANDS, PUBLISHERS MUST DEPOSIT 5 COPIES OF EACH NEW BOOK WITHIN 1 MONTH, AS FOLLOWS' 1 TO THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND CULTURE, 1 IN THE ISRAEL STATE ARCHIVES, 1 IN THE KNESSET LIBRARY AND 2 IN THE JEWISH NATIONAL AND UNIVERSITY LIBRARY (JNUL). THE PRESENT LAW DOES NOT COVER NON-BOOK MATERIAL; EDITIONS ARE NOT STRICTLY DEFINED; THERE IS NO WAY TO PROVE DELINQUENCY IN DEPOSIT OF BOOKS DURING THE STATUTORY PERIOD OF 1 MONTH; THE FINES ARE NOT HIGH ENOUGH TO DETER PUBLISHERS; AND THE PROCEDURES FOR INSTIGATING LEGAL ACTION ARE IN THEMSELVES A DETERRENT AGAINST SUCH ACTION. OUTLINES THE STEPS TAKEN BY THE JNUL TO ENCOURAGE PUBLISHERS TO COMPLY WITH THE LAW, IN ORDER TO ENSURE THAT AS MANY BOOKS AS POSSIBLE ARE DEPOSITED UNTIL THE LAW CAN BE AMENDED. ******************************************** Document 3321 THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL MEETING OF EXPERTS FROM NATIONAL LIBRARIES OF SOCIALIST COUNTRIES ON ACQUISITIONS AND INTERNATIONAL BOOK EXCHANGE (BUDAPEST, 2-6 OCTOBER 1979). THE MAIN TOPICS DISCUSSED AT THE 3RD MEETING WERE' THE INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE OF PUBLICATIONS AND THE DESIGN OF A MODEL OF THE COPYRIGHT LAW. ALTHOUGH A SYSTEM OF DUPLICATES EXCHANGE HAS NOW BEEN ESTABLISHED AND THE EXCHANGE OF MICROFILMS HAS INCREASED, 1 AREA OF EXCHANGES NOT YET FUNCTIONING SMOOTHLY IS OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS. A MORE UNIFIED APPROACH WILL HAVE TO BE DEVELOPED BEFORE THE SYSTEM CAN BECOME FULLY EFFECTIVE. THE WORKING GROUP SET UP TO INVESTIGATE THE POSITION OF THE COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT PRESENTED THEIR RECOMMENDATION TO PRODUCE A MODEL OF THE COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT LAW FOR SOCIALIST COUNTRIES AS THE MODEL PRODUCED BY THE IFLA'S SECTION ON NATIONAL LIBRARIES DOES NOT SUIT THE CONDITIONS OF MULTINATIONAL AND FEDERAL COUNTRIES AND SOCIALIST COUNTRIES IN GENERAL. ******************************************** Document 3322 INTERLIBRARY LENDING AROUND THE WORLD' A REVIEW OF RECENT PAPERS' XII. SUMMARISES 11 STUDIES OF INTERLENDING EFFICIENCY AT REGIONAL LEVEL OR IN INDIVIDUAL LIBRARIES IN CANADA, DENMARK, EAST GERMANY, WEST GERMANY, HUNGARY, AND THE USA. ******************************************** Document 3323 TRANSPORT SYSTEMS FOR INTERLIBRARY LOANS. A COSTING AND EVALUATION OF THE ALTERNATIVES FOR TRANSPORT OF INTERLIBRARY LOANS AND REQUESTS WITHIN AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL CITIES, INTERSTATE AND OVERSEAS. DEMONSTRATES THE COMPLEXITIES OF REAL COSTING OF ALTERNATIVES AND SUGGESTS LIKELY DEVELOPMENTS IN TRANSPORT IN THE MEDIUM TERM. ******************************************** Document 3324 COPYING AND COPYRIGHT. DISCUSSES WHY COPYRIGHT HAS BECOME A MATTER OF CONTROVERSY AND BRIEFLY REVIEWS THE CURRENT SITUATION IN CANADA, THE UK, AUSTRALIA AND THE USA WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO INTERLIBRARY LOANS. GIVES DETAILED ATTENTION TO LEGISLATION PASSING THROUGH THE AUSTRALIAN PARLIAMENT. ******************************************** Document 3325 TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND INTERLENDING. BIBLIOGRAPHIC SERVICES WILL BECOME INCREASINGLY DEPENDENT ON TELECOMMUNICATIONS OVER THE NEXT 2 DECADES, AND LIBRARIANS SHOULD NOW BE DECIDING THE KIND OF COMMUNICATION FACILITIES THEY WOULD LIKE TO SEE DEVELOPED. DESCRIBES FACILITIES CURRENTLY AVAILABLE IN AUSTRALIA AND EMPHASISES THE PACKET SWITCHING SERVICE BEING PLANNED, USING INTERLENDING TO DEMONSTRATE ASPECTS RELEVANT TO LIBRARIANS. ******************************************** Document 3326 OVERVIEW WITH NATIONAL COMPARISONS. LOOKS AT THE GENERAL TRENDS IN INTERLENDING AND THE ABILITY OF EXISTING SYSTEMS TO SUPPLY DOCUMENTS. COMPARES THE AUSTRALIAN PATTERN WITH THOSE OF OTHER COUNTRIES, PARTICULARLY THE UK AND USA. CONSIDERS CENTRALISED VERSUS DECENTRALISED SYSTEMS. ******************************************** Document 3327 AN ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT PROVISION FOR INTERLENDING IN AUSTRALIA. EXAMINES THE STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF THE CURRENT PATTERN OF INTERLENDING IN AUSTRALIA, EMPHASISING UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES AS SUPPLIERS AND USERS OF INFORMATION. ADVOCATES THE CONCEPT OF THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF AUSTRALIA AS A LENDING LIBRARY OF 1ST RESORT. ******************************************** Document 3328 WHERE AND HOW TO GET IT? THE PROPOSED ILL EVALUATIVE STUDY. DESCRIBES THE OBJECTIVES AND METHODOLOGY OF THE PROPOSED EVALUATIVE SURVEY OF INTERLENDING IN AUSTRALIA. OUTLINES THE NEED FOR SUCH A SURVEY WITH AN EXPLANATION OF THE KIND OF DATA TO BE COLLECTED AND THE PRINCIPLE SURVEY INSTRUMENTS TO BE USED. THE SURVEY IS INTENDED TO DEMONSTRATE THE TYPE OF INTERLENDING ORGANISATIONAL PATTERN BEST SUITED TO THE AUSTRALIAN BIBLIOGRAPHIC ENVIRONMENT. ******************************************** Document 3329 INTERLENDING IN THE 80'S' PROCEEDINGS OF A NATIONAL CONFERENCE HELD AT THE UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND, BRISBANE. 27TH-29TH AUGUST, 1980. PROCEEDINGS OF THE LIBRARY ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA QUEENSLAND BRANCH AND COLLEGE LIBRARIES SECTION, UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND, BRISBANE, 27-29 AUG 80. ITS AIM WAS TO FOCUS THE ATTENTION OF BOTH POLICY-MAKERS AND PRACTITIONERS ON THE ROLE OF INTERLENDING IN THE PROVISION OF INFORMATION SERVICES DURING THE NEXT FEW YEARS. THE PROGRAMME WAS DIRECTED 1ST AT THE CURRENT SITUATION WITH REGARD TO PATTERNS OF INTERLENDING IN AUSTRALIA, AND 2ND, TO WAYS IN WHICH FUTURE SERVICES MIGHT BE IMPROVED. FOR ABSTRACTS OF THE INDIVIDUAL PAPERS SEE THE FOLLOWING SERIAL NUMBERS'-. ******************************************** Document 3330 A NATIONAL LENDING LIBRARY FOR AUSTRALIA. PRESENTS A MODEL FOR THE FUTURE SUPPLY OF INTERLOANS IN AUSTRALIA. PROPOSES A NATIONAL LOAN/PHOTOCOPY COLLECTION AT THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF AUSTRALIA (N.L.A.) FOR CURRENT JOURNALS, SUPPORTED BY A HIGHLY SELECTIVE UNION LIST. ACCESS TO LOCATIONS FOR DEAD TITLES AND LAST RUNS WOULD BE THROUGH A LESS VOLATILE UNION CATALOGUE COVERING 60-70 LIBRARIES. REPORTS WOULD BE SUPPLIED FROM A SINGLE CENTRE FOR THE WHOLE COUNTRY. LIKEWISE, CENTRAL PROVISION FOR BOOKS WOULD BE MADE BY THE N.L.A., SUPPORTED BY A UNION CATALOGUE COVERING THOSE LIBRARIES WITH SIGNIFICANT UNIQUE HOLDINGS AND INTAKE. ******************************************** Document 3331 A SURVEY OF INTER-LIBRARY LOAN PROCEDURES AND OPERATIONS AT ELEVEN INDIAN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES. INTER-LIBRARY LOAN IS ONE OF THE COMMON METHODS OF RESOURCE SHARING WHERE DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF LIBRARIES CAN PARTICIPATE. DESCRIBES THE INTER-LIBRARY LOAN PROGRAMMES AND OPERATIONS OF 11 INDIAN UNIVERSITIES. ******************************************** Document 3332 THE VIEWPOINT OF THE SPECIAL LIBRARIAN. 2 AUSTRALIAN SPECIAL LIBRARIANS GIVE THEIR VIEWS ON INTERLIBRARY LOANS. MOYA MCKENZIE LOOKS AT THE IMPACT OF COMPUTERISED INFORMATION RETRIEVAL, UNION CATALOGUES, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, DELIVERY SYSTEMS, INTERLOAN 2VERSUS1 PURCHASE, CONCLUDING THAT THE DEMAND FOR INTERLOANS WILL CONTINUE, BECOMING A GREATER BURDEN ON LARGE LIBRARIES WITH FINE CORE COLLECTIONS, AND THAT SOME LIBRARIES WITH GREATER FINANCIAL RESOURCES MAY OPT FOR OBTAINING MATERIAL DIRECT FROM THE EMANATING BODY AS BEING MORE RELIABLE AND CHEAPER IN THE LONG RUN. MYVANWY EMERY DESCRIBES THE FORMAL, INFORMAL AND 'BACKDOOR' APPROACHES TO INTERLOANS BETWEEN SPECIAL LIBRARIES AND THE PROBLEMS OF AVAILABILITY OF MATERIAL AND PASSING THE REAL COSTS ON TO THE CONSUMER. ******************************************** Document 3333 COST RECOVERY' THE CASE FOR. THERE IS WIDESPREAD RECOGNITION THAT THE COSTS OF INTERLENDING ARE UNEQUALLY DISTRIBUTED, AND SOME NORTH AMERICAN LIBRARIES ARE ALREADY ATTEMPTING FULL OR PARTIAL COST RECOVERY. PUTS THE CASE FOR RECOUPING OF INTERLOAN COSTS. LOOKS AT POTENTIAL REVENUE SOURCES, COST RECOVERY, COST ACCOUNTING AND THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY. ******************************************** Document 3334 COST RECOVERY' THE CASE AGAINST. ARGUES AGAINST THE CONCEPT OF COST RECOVERY FOR INTERLOANS ON THE GROUNDS THAT THIS WOULD IMPEDE THE FREE FLOW OF INFORMATION IN THE COMMUNITY, AND THAT THE DISABILITIES OF THE LARGE NET LENDING LIBRARIES SHOULD BE EASED IN OTHER WAYS SUCH AS SPECIAL SUBSIDY, A WIDER SPREAD OF DEMAND OVER A GREATER NUMBER OF LIBRARIES AS BIBLIOGRAPHIC NETWORKS DEVELOP, IMPROVED TRAINING OF INTERLOAN OFFICERS AND POSSIBLY BY THE ESTABLISHMENT OF AN AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL LENDING LIBRARY OF 1ST RESORT. ******************************************** Document 3335 BOOKS AT AUCTION' THE ART OF DEACCESSIONING. THE COST OF MAINTAINING A LIBRARY COLLECTION IS HIGH. WHILE LIBRARIANS WELCOME BEQUESTS, THEY ARE WORRIED ABOUT COSTLY CONDITIONS SUCH AS KEEPING THE BEQUEST INTACT OR NOT SELLING IT. LIBRARIES ARE INCREASINGLY USING OUTSIDE SUBJECT EXPERTS TO WEED THEIR COLLECTIONS. FOR REASONS OF PROPRIETY, MOST DISCARDED BOOKS ARE SOLD AT AUCTIONS. LIBRARIES ALSO SEND VALUABLE BOOKS AND MANUSCRIPTS TO AUCTIONS TO OBTAIN FUNDS FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES. OFFERS ADVICE CONCERNING THE DECISION TO WEED A COLLECTION, EXPLAINS THE PROCEDURE FOR CONTACTING A BOOK AUCTION HOUSE, AND GIVES HINTS ON THE CONDITION OF THE BOOKS. ******************************************** Document 3336 CONSERVATION: AN IDEA WHOSE TIME HAS COME?. CONSERVATION IN THE SENSE OF PHYSICAL PRESERVATION OF LIBRARY MATERIALS IS DISCUSSED VERY BRIEFLY. ******************************************** Document 3337 A NATIONAL PRESERVATION PROGRAM. PROCEEDINGS OF THE PLANNING CONFERENCE. ASSISTED BY A GRANT FROM THE COUNCIL ON LIBRARY RESOURCES, THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS PRESERVATION OFFICE CALLED THE CONFERENCE TO ASSESS AND EVALUATE THE MOST PRESSING NEEDS OF THE PRESERVATION COMMUNITY TO REVIEW RECENT TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENTS AND CALL FOR A MORE COORDINATED AND CONCERTED EFFORT IN THE FUTURE. ******************************************** Document 3338 THE TREATMENT OF DOCUMENTS AND THE LAW IN CANADA. DISCUSSES' THE GENERAL LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS ON WHICH ALL LEGISLATION IS BUILT, AND WHICH NECESSARILY ARE RELEVANT TO THE INTERPRETATION OF PROVISIONS SPECIFICALLY DEALING WITH ARCHIVES' BASIC LEGAL TERMS ARE CLARIFIED WITH EXAMPLES OF USAGE; ATTITUDES OF SPECIALISTS TO THE VARIOUS LAWS WHICH COULD AFFECT CONSERVATION OF DOCUMENTS' HOW THE LAW MUST BE TAKEN INTO CONSIDERATION IN PLANNING, THE NECESSITY FOR LEGAL ADVICE, AND LEGAL STIPULATIONS RELATING TO CONSERVATION; LAWS RELATING SPECIFICALLY TO ARCHIVES IN QUEBEC AND CANADA; AND LAWS BEARING ON CONSERVATION. THE RELEVANT FEDERAL AND PROVINCIAL LEGISLATION IS LISTED. ******************************************** Document 3339 CONSERVATION OF PHOTOGRAPHIC DOCUMENTS. A REVISED VERSION OF AN ARTICLE 1ST PUBLISHED IN 1977 DISUCSSING TECHNICAL PROBLEMS RELATING TO THE CONSERVATION OF PHOTOGRAPHIC DOCUMENTS. DESCRIBES THE CHEMICAL PROCESSES INVOLVED IN CREATING AND FIXING PHOTOGRAPHIC IMAGES, AND TECHNIQUES FOR CONTROLLING THE EFFECTS OF CHEMICAL RESIDUES. REFERENCE IS MADE TO THE AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE (ANSI) SPECIFICATIONS FOR ARCHIVE FILM, AND STORAGE, IN RELATION TO THE CREATION OF NEW PERMANENT COLLECTIONS, SUCH AS THE CANADIAN PUBLIC ARCHIVES PROJECT OF MICROFILMING THE MAP COLLECTION. STANDARDS FOR STORAGE AND OXIDATION PREVENTION ARE QUOTED, AND VARIOUS TECHNIQUES USED TO COMBAT THESE HAZARDS DESCRIBED. FINALLY THE PROBLEMS OF DEALING WITH HISTORICAL PHOTOGRAPHS ARE CONSIDERED WITH REFERENCE TO PROCEDURES AT THE CANADIAN PUBLIC ARCHIVES. ******************************************** Document 3340 CONSERVATION OF PHOTOGRAPHS: SOME THOUGHTS AND REFERENCES. CITES RELEVANT UK STANDARDS; OFFERS ADVICE ON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF PRIORITIES AND PROGRAMMES FOR THE CONSERVATION OF PHOTOGRAPHS; AND DESCRIBES ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS, MOUNTING, STORAGE, AND GOOD 'HOUSEKEEPING' PRACTICES. ******************************************** Document 3341 MAP STORAGE AND CARE IN ACTIVE COLLECTIONS. REVIEWS BRIEFLY STORAGE AND CARE PRACTICES FOR MAINTAINING AN EFFECTIVE MAP COLLECTION. GIVES ADVICE ON' SUITABLE CABINETS AND FOLDERS FOR STORAGE; CONTROLLING RELATIVE HUMIDITY TO ENSURE MAXIMUM PRESERVATION OF MAPS; AND THE PROPER HANDLING AND REPAIR OF MAPS. RECOMMENDS THE USE OF CLARA E. LEGEAR'S 2MAPS' THEIR CARE, REPAIR AND PRESERVATION IN LIBRARIES1 AS A BASIC PRIMER IN THIS FIELD. ******************************************** Document 3342 BARE RUINED QUIRES' THE BINDING PROBLEMS OF ART LIBRARIES. DESCRIBES THE BASIC STRUCTURE OF THE CODEX BOOK (ORIGINALLY A GROUP OF LEAVES FOLDED AND GATHERED INTO QUIRES WHICH WERE THEN STITCHED TOGETHER AND TO OTHER QUIRES AS NECESSARY). DISCUSSES THE PROBLEMS OF LARGE FORMAT AND HEAVY VOLUMES AND MAKES RECOMMENDATIONS CONCERNING STORAGE. NOTES INADEQUATE ADHESIVE BINDINGS AND RECOMMENDS THE DOUBLE FAN TECHNIQUE. BRIEFLY EXAMINES THE NEED FOR, USE, AND CONSTRUCTION OF PROTECTIVE CONTAINERS. DESCRIBES A METHOD FOR SECURING LOOSELY TIPPED-IN PLATES, BUT DISCOURAGES IN-HOUSE REPAIRS. ******************************************** Document 3343 SECURITY IN THE ART LIBRARY. NOTES THAT THE NATURE OF MUCH MATERIAL IN THE ART LIBRARY POSES SECURITY PROBLEMS. CONSIDERS SOME SOLUTIONS-CLOSED ACCESS, ELECTRONIC SECURITY DEVICES, OWNER IDENTIFICATION, AND PROVISION OF GOOD PHOTOCOPYING FACILITIES. POINTS OUT THAT EFFICIENT LIBRARY ADMINISTRATION (INCLUDING REGULAR STOCK CHECKING AND ENFORCING OF SANCTIONS) IS ESSENTIAL AND CONSIDERS LIBRARY PLANNING FROM THE SECURITY VIEWPOINT. ******************************************** Document 3344 RESEARCH ON THE IMPACT OF A COMPUTERIZED CIRCULATION SYSTEM ON THE PERFORMANCE OF A LARGE COLLEGE LIBRARY. PART ONE' THE MAIN LIBRARY. OBERLIN COLLEGE HAS BEEN STUDYING CERTAIN PERFORMANCE VARIABLES WHICH WERE EXPECTED TO CHANGE AS A RESULT OF THE INTRODUCTION OF AN AUTOMATED CIRCULATION SYSTEM. 2 YEARS OF DATA COLLECTION HAVE SHOWN THAT QUALITATIVE CHANGES IN SERVICE HAVE OCCURRED. SPECIFICALLY' (1) BOOK AVAILABILITY HAS INCREASED. (2) ACCESSIBILITY HAS INCREASED (PATRONS ARE SPENDING LESS TIME SEARCHING FOR BOOKS). (3) BUILDING USE CHANGED IN THAT TOTAL USE OF THE BUILDING DROPPED BUT HOURS SPENT USING LIBRARY MATERIALS INCREASED. (4) PATRON ATTITUDES RESPONDED TO THE DEGREE OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SYSTEM. ******************************************** Document 3345 THE IBM SYSTEM 7 ON-LINE CIRCULATION SYSTEM AT SLIPPERY ROCK STATE COLLEGE. DESCRIBES AND EVALUATES THE IBM SYSTEM 7 AUTOMATED CIRCULATION SYSTEM IN USE AT SLIPPERY ROCK STATE COLLEGE LIBRARY SINCE 1973. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 3346 INFORMATION RETRIEVAL THEORY AND DESIGN BASED ON A MODEL OF THE USER'S CONCEPT RELATIONS. INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS CAN BE VIEWED AS MODELS OF HUMAN ASSESSMENT OF THE SIMILARITY BETWEEN REQUESTS AND DOCUMENTS. REPORTS THE DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF A THEORY OF INFORMATION RETRIEVAL BASED ON THIS 'SYSTEM-AS-MODEL' (SAM) VIEW, WHICH IN TURN IS AN EXPANSION OF THE PRESENT MODEL USED IN INFORMATION RETRIEVAL. CONSIDERS THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE NEW THEORY FOR INFORMATION RETRIEVAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT. ******************************************** Document 3347 CHANGES IN AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS OF THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS IN WASHINGTON IN THE 19TH CENTURY. DESCRIBES THE FORMATION OF THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS IN WASHINGTON AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF ITS CATALOGUES AND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM IN THE 19TH CENTURY. ******************************************** Document 3348 THE CATALOGING AND CLASSIFICATION OF MACHINE-READABLE DATA FILES. PART I. A CASE FOR INCORPORATING RECORDS OF MACHINE-READABLE DATA FILES INTO THE PUBLIC CATALOG. PART I OF A 3-PART ARTICLE. EXPLORES THE FEASIBILITY AND DESIRABILITY OF INCORPORATING RECORDS OF MACHINE-READABLE DATA FILES (MRDF) IN US PUBLIC LIBRARY CATALOGUES BY CONSIDERING THE EXISTING CONDITIONS WHICH MOTIVATE PEOPLE TO RAISE THE ISSUE; THE VARIOUS EFFORTS AT SOLVING THE PROBLEMS OF DOCUMENTATION AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL OF MRDF; THE CURRENT STATUS OF MRDF CATALOGUING ACTIVITIES; AND THE AUTHOR'S 11 RECOMMENDATIONS REGARDING MRDF BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL. ******************************************** Document 3349 BEYOND DAY 1' THE FUTURE OF THE CATALOG. PAPERS PRESENTED AT A CATALOGING COMMITTEE PROGRAM, JUNE 7, 1978. THESE PAPERS PRESENTED AT A PROGRAM BY THE BOSTON LIBRARY CONSORTIUM COMMITTEE HAVE 3 OBJECTIVES' TO PRESENT BASIC NON-TECHNICAL INFORMATION ON THE IMPLICATION FOR MEMBER LIBRARIES OF THE DECISION BY THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS TO CLOSE ITS CATALOGUE AND TO ADOPT AACR2; TO EMPHASISE THE NEED TO MAKE DECISIONS IN THE NEXT 2 YEARS ON CARD CATALOGUE ALTERNATIVES; AND TO PROVIDE ALL CONSORTIUM STAFF WITH THE OPPORTUNITY TO DISCUSS THE ISSUES AND OPTIONS AS THEY RELATE TO SERIALS, READER SERVICES, OR OTHER AREAS OF A LIBRARY SYSTEM. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 3350 LIBRARY DEVELOPMENTS AND CATALOGUING EXPERIENCES IN THE PHILIPPINES. A GROUP OF 4 ARTICLES, FOR ABSTRACTS OF WHICH +S+E+E THE FOLLOWING SERIAL NUMBERS'. ******************************************** Document 3351 CATALOGUING AND LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT' SOME ISSUES OF CONCERN TO A FILIPINO LIBRARIAN. CONTRIBUTION TO A SPECIAL SECTION ON THE PHILIPPINES. SUGGESTS THAT 1 ASPECT OF LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT HAS BEEN OVERLOOKED AND NEGLECTED IN THE PHILIPPINES-THE EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT ORGANISATION OF MATERIAL RESOURCES. NARROWING THIS WIDE TOPIC DOWN TO THE ORGANISATION OF FILIPINIANA RESOURCES IN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES, DISCUSSES SENSITIVE AREAS, VARIED INTERPRETATIONS AND INCONSISTENCIES IN CATALOGUING AND CALLS ON FILIPINIANA CATALOGUERS TO INITIATE WORK ON CATALOGUING GUIDELINES AND STANDARDISATION. ******************************************** Document 3352 ALTERNATIVES FOR LIBRARY CATALOGUES' TOOLS FOR CATALOGUE PLANNING. MANY LIBRARIES ARE EXAMINING THE CURRENT STATE OF THEIR CATALOGUES AND THE IMPACT OF VARIOUS ALTERNATIVES FOR THEIR FUTURE. PRESENTS 2 TOOLS WHICH MAY BE USEFUL IN SUCH STUDIES' (1) A CHECKLIST OF THE WIDE VARIETY OF THINGS THAT SHOULD BE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT WHEN LOOKING AT THE CATALOGUE AS A SYSTEM AND AS THE RESULT OF A COMPLEX SET OF ONGOING ACTIVITIES AND (2) A TABLE SETTING OUT SOME POSSIBLE OPTIONS THAT COULD BE CONSIDERED IN THE FACE OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AACR2 AND SOME CRITERIA AGAINST WHICH TO MEASURE THESE OPTIONS. ******************************************** Document 3353 FUTURE CATALOGS AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC LINKS AT STANFORD UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES. THE DECISION BY MANY LIBRARIES TO ADOPT AACR2, FREEZE THEIR CATALOGUES, AND INITIATE NEW CATALOGUES, RAISES SEVERAL QUESTIONS REGARDING LINKS BETWEEN THE OLD AND NEW CATALOGUES. WITH REFERENCE TO THE SITUATION AT STANFORD UNIVERSITY (CALIFORNIA) LIBRARIES, EXAMINES THE INTENDED GOAL OF CATALOGUES, HOW THE EXISTENCE OF MORE THAN 1 CATALOGUE AFFECTS SUCH GOALS, AND ALTERNATIVE METHODS OF LINKING CATALOGUES FOR NAMES, SUBJECTS, AND TITLES. PRESENTS RECOMMENDATIONS REGARDING THE OPTIMAL LINKING METHOD AND INVESTIGATES CHANGES IN ORGANISATION, STAFFING, AND COSTS. ******************************************** Document 3354 CATALOGUING IN THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF THE PHILIPPINES. CONTRIBUTION TO A SPECIAL SECTION ON THE PHILIPPINES. THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF THE PHILIPPINES IS BOTH A NATIONAL LIBRARY AND A PUBLIC LIBRARY. ALL ACQUISITIONS ARE CATALOGUED CENTRALLY, IN ACCORDANCE WITH INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS INCLUDING THE ANGLO-AMERICAN CATALOGUING RULES AND DEWEY DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION, 18TH EDITION (EXPANDED VERSIONS OF SECTIONS PERTAINING TO THE PHILIPPINES). PRODUCTION OF THE 2PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY1 IS BEING COMPUTERISED. THERE IS A SHARED CATALOGUING PROGRAMME WITH THE UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES AT LOS BAN&0OS. CATALOGUING-IN-PUBLICATION IS BEING INTRODUCED. ******************************************** Document 3355 CATALOGUING AT THE UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LIBRARY SYSTEM. CONTRIBUTION TO A SPECIAL SECTION ON THE PHILIPPINES. THE UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LIBRARY SYSTEM IS A NETWORK OF 34 LIBRARIES. ITS CATALOGUING SECTION IS PART OF THE CENTRALISED TECHNICAL SERVICES DEPARTMENT AT THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY. THE SECTION PRODUCES 90,000 CATALOGUE CARDS FOR 17,000 TITLES ANNUALLY. OUTLINES RULES FOLLOWED FOR DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUING, SUBJECT CATALOGUING, AND CLASSIFICATION AND BRIEFLY DESCRIBES THE SECTION'S PUBLICATION, 2FILIPINIANA UNION CATALOG. 1REPORTS ON THE SECTION'S PROJECT TO IDENTIFY AND COMPILE A LIST OF PHILIPPINE PERSONAL AND CORPORATE NAME HEADINGS. ******************************************** Document 3356 STATUS REPORT ON THE MAP CATALOGING PROJECT AT THE ILLINOIS STATE LIBRARY. ILLINOIS STATE LIBRARY BEGAN ITS MAP CATALOGUING PROJECT ON 1 AUG 80. ALL FORMERLY UNCATALOGUED SHEET MAPS ARE BEING CATALOGUED IN MARC MAP FORMAT AND THOSE ALREADY CATALOGUED BY VARIOUS METHODS ARE BEING RECATALOGUED, USING OCLC. BECAUSE THE STATE LIBRARY IS A REGIONAL GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE DEPOSITORY, THE FEDERAL MAPS ARE BEING CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO THE SUDOC (SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS) SYSTEM. ALL OTHER MAPS ARE BEING CLASSIFIED BY THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS G SYSTEM. DESCRIBES PROGRESS ON THE PROJECT AND DISCUSSES PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED AND THEIR SOLUTION. ******************************************** Document 3357 ON-LINE CATALOGUES, ON-LINE CATALOGUING. DESCRIBES THE FORMS OF CATALOGUE PRODUCED AUTOMATICALLY FROM BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA BANKS (CARDS, COM, PRINTED, ON-LINE) AND ANALYSES THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF EACH. THE SIGNIFICANCE OF ON-LINE TECHNOLOGY IS STRESSED FOR INFORMATION RETRIEVAL AND INPUT OF CATALOGUING DATA. STRESSES THE ADVANTAGES OF AN ON-LINE SYSTEM, USING OCLC AND BLAISE AS EXAMPLES. ******************************************** Document 3358 AACR2' OCLC'S IMPLEMENTATION AND DATABASE CONVERSION. OCLC'S ONLINE UNION CATALOG (OLUC) CONTAINS BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORDS CREATED UNDER VARIOUS CATALOGUING GUIDELINES. UNTIL DEC 80, NO SYSTEM-WIDE ATTEMPT HAD BEEN MADE TO RESOLVE RECORD CONFLICTS CAUSED BY USE OF THE DIFFERENT GUIDELINES. THE INTRODUCTION OF THE NEW GUIDELINES, AACR2, EXACERBATED THESE RECORD CONFLICTS. TO REDUCE LIBRARY COSTS, WHICH MIGHT INCREASE DRAMATICALLY AS USERS ATTEMPTED TO RESOLVE THOSE CONFLICTS, OCLC CONVERTED NAME HEADINGS AND UNIFORM TITLES IN ITS DATA BASE TO AACR2 FORM. ******************************************** Document 3359 OCLC'S DATABASE CONVERSION' A USER'S PERSPECTIVE. DESCRIBES THE EXPERIENCE OF A LARGE ACADEMIC LIBRARY WITH HEADINGS IN THE OCLC DATA BASE THAT HAVE BEEN CONVERTED TO AACR2 FORM. IT ALSO CONSIDERS THE USE OF LC AUTHORITY RECORDS IN THE DATA BASE. SPECIFIC PROBLEMS ARE DISCUSSED, INCLUDING SOME RESULTING FROM LC PRACTICES. NEVERTHELESS, THE PRESENCE OF THE AUTHORITY RECORDS, AND ESPECIALLY THE CONVERSION OF ABOUT 40% OF THE HEADINGS IN THE BIBLIOGRAPHIC FILE, HAS BEEN OF GREAT BENEFIT TO THE LIBRARY, SIGNIFICANTLY SPEEDING UP THE CATALOGUING OPERATION. ******************************************** Document 3360 OCLC-AN AMERICAN INFORMATION SYSTEM ON ITS WAY TO DENMARK. LIBRARY AUTOMATION BEGAN IN 1965 WITH THE FIRST MARC PILOT PROJECT INITIATED BY THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS AND SOON TAKEN UP BY THE BRITISH NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS HAVE BEEN DRAWN UP TO SECURE WORLDWIDE USE OF THE SYSTEM, CULMINATING IN THE ATTEMPT TO CREATE UNIVERSAL BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL. HOWEVER, EXCHANGE OF INTERNATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA HAS BEEN BESET BY PROBLEMS, SO THAT INTERNATIONAL USE OF MACHINE READABLE INFORMATION IS NOT VERY WIDESPREAD. THE USE OF INTERNATIONAL, ENGLISH LANGUAGE BASED STANDARDS AND EXCHANGE OF ACTUAL TAPE HAVE CAUSED PROBLEMS IN SCANDINAVIA. FOR THESE REASONS BIBLIOGRAPHIC SERVICE CENTRES, 'UTILITIES', HAVE BEEN SET UP IN USA AND ENGLAND, AN IDEA WHICH IS ALSO BEHIND THE DANISH SYSTEMS SAMKAT AND BIBLIOTEKSDATA. THE LARGEST IS THE US OCLC, WHICH BEGAN IN 1967. ITS MAIN TASK IS DEVELOPMENT OF A BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA BASE AND DECENTRALISED CATALOGUING, WHICH SUPPLIES THE BASE WITH 60, 000 TITLES ANNUALLY FROM 4,000 TERMINALS. IT ALSO OPERATES AN INTERLENDING SYSTEM, AND HOPES TO ADD ACCESSIONS AND ISSUE CONTROL SYSTEMS TO THE SERVICES. THE MAIN PRODUCT IS CATALOGUE CARDS. WITH THE ESTABLISHMENT OF 'OCLC EUROPE', DANISH LIBRARIES WILL HAVE TO TAKE A STAND FOR OR AGAINST COOPERATION WITH IT. ******************************************** Document 3361 OCLC ANNUAL MEETING SAN FRANCISCO JUNE 30. PRESENTS HIGHLIGHTS OF THE 1ST ONLINE COMPUTER LIBRARY CENTER ANNUAL MEETING, 30 JUNE 81, SAN FRANCISCO. MIRIAM DRAKE, CHAIRMAN OF THE OCLC BOARD OF TRUSTEES, DESCRIBED THE BOARD'S ROLE IN THE GOVERNANCE OF OCLC; OCLC PRESIDENT ROWLAND C.W. BROWN FOCUSED ON THE ENVIRONMENT IN WHICH OCLC IS OPERATING, THE BASIC FINANCIAL PICTURE OF THE CORPORATION, MAJOR STRATEGIES AND GOALS FOR THE 1980S, AND NETWORK RELATIONS; JOSEPH BOYKIN TRACED A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE OCLC USERS COUNCIL, WHICH WAS BROUGHT INTO BEING IN 1977 WHEN THE OHIO COLLEGE LIBRARY CENTER BECAME OCLC AND EXPANDED ITS GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE; AND SCOTT BRUNTJEN, CHAIRMAN OF THE NETWORK DIRECTORS GROUP, COMMENTED ON THE VALUE AND ROLE OF LIBRARY NETWORKS. ******************************************** Document 3362 OCLC SERVICES. THE RUNNING OF ONLINE COMPUTER LIBRARY CENTER (OCLC) WAS DESCRIBED BY THE PRESIDENT, WITH SPECIAL CONSIDERATION GIVEN TO THE CENTRE'S FUTURE SERVICES AND SUBSYSTEMS. ******************************************** Document 3363 COMPARING THE BIBLIOGRAPHIC UTILITIES FOR SPECIAL LIBRARIANS. THE US SPECIAL LIBRARIES ASSOCIATION NETWORKING COMMITTEE DEVELOPED AND ADMINISTERED A QUESTIONNAIRE TO REPRESENTATIVES OF THE 4 MAJOR NORTH AMERICAN UTILITIES' OCLC, RESEARCH LIBRARIES INFORMATION NETWORK (RLIN), UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO LIBRARY AUTOMATION SYSTEMS (UTLAS) AND WASHINGTON LIBRARY NETWORK (WLN). THE STUDY WAS UNDERTAKEN TO PROVIDE GENERAL BACKGROUND FOR SPECIAL LIBRARIANS WHO ARE EVALUATING OR SELECTING A BIBLIOGRAPHIC UTILITY. THE SURVEY COVERED' MEMBERSHIP, GOVERNANCE, OWNERSHIP AND SECURITY, TERMINALS, STARTUP COSTS AND SERVICE FEES, AND SERVICES AVAILABLE. ******************************************** Document 3364 THAWING STAFF ATTITUDES ABOUT A 'FROZEN' CATALOG. THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY, LIBRARY ADMINISTRATION DECISION TO CLOSE THE CARD CATALOGUE IN FAVOUR OF A MICROFICHE CATALOGUE ON 1 JAN 81 CAME IN LATE NOV 80 AFTER SEVERAL CHANGES OF MIND AND CAUSED CONFUSION AMONGST BOTH PROPONENTS AND OPPONENTS OF CLOSURE. DESCRIBES THE WORK OF 1 OF THE 3 TASK FORCES APPOINTED TO CREATE ORDER-THE CATALOGUE INSTRUCTION GROUP. IT WAS RESPONSIBLE FOR DEVELOPING PROGRAMMES DEALING WITH PUBLIC RELATIONS, USER INFORMATION, AND STAFF ORIENTATION. BY FOLLOWING SET PRINCIPLES OF ORGANISATION, COMMUNICATION, AND DECISION-MAKING, THE GROUP MANAGED TO REVERSE NEGATIVE STAFF ATTITUDES AND REACHED LARGE NUMBERS OF LIBRARY USERS. ******************************************** Document 3365 CATALOGUES ON FILM. DESCRIBES CHICAGO PUBLIC LIBRARY'S AUTOMATION SYSTEM. IN 1974 THE LIBRARY JOINED THE OCLC NETWORK AND TODAY ALL TECHNICAL DEPARTMENTS ARE AUTOMATED. THE USERS MEET AUTOMATION THROUGH THE COM CATALOGUE (COMPUTER OUTPUT MICROFILM), A SYSTEM REGARDED AS MUCH CHEAPER THAN AN ON-LINE CATALOGUE. THERE WERE MANY TEETHING TROUBLES INVOLVED IN THE INITIAL USE OF THE CATALOGUE, PARTICULARLY IN THE BRANCH LIBRARIES, AND THE AUTOMATED ACQUISITION SYSTEM LED TO A VERY TIGHT BUDGET CONTROL OVER THE BRANCHES. ALTHOUGH NEW EDITIONS OF THE COM CATALOGUE TAKE LONGER TO ARRIVE THAN PROMISED IT HAS LED TO IMPROVED INTERLENDING SERVICE. THE PUBLIC, HOWEVER, CONTINUE TO USE THE OLD DISCONTINUED CARD CATALOGUE AS, IT WAS CLAIMED, THEY ARE NOT INTERESTED IN THE LIBRARY SERVICE'S TOTAL HOLDINGS, BUT ONLY IN THE STOCK OF THE LIBRARY BRANCH USED. THE STAFF, TOO, DESPITE LACK OF ORGANISED OPPOSITION, EXPRESSED CRITICISM OF THE AUTOMATION PROGRAMME. ******************************************** Document 3366 IMPLEMENTATION OF AACR2 AND ITS EFFECTS ON RESEARCH LIBRARY CATALOGS (IN HEBREW). PAPER PRESENTED AT A WORKSHOP ON AACR2. DISCUSSES THE PROS AND CONS OF ADOPTING THE NEW RULES AND EXAMINES ALTERNATIVE METHODS OF IMPLEMENTATION. THESE METHODS INCLUDE' CLOSING CARD CATALOGUES AND STARTING AUTOMATED BOOK, MICROFILM OR ON-LINE CATALOGUES; LINKING OLD AND NEW FORMS OF HEADING IN THE CARD CATALOGUE; AND SELECTIVE REVISION OF OLDER HEADINGS. THE SPECIAL PROBLEMS OF CATALOGUES SEPARATED BY ALPHABET ARE TREATED, AND SOME OF THE NEW LIBRARY OF CONGRESS PRACTICES BASED ON OPTIONS IN AACR2 WHICH AFFECT JUDAICA/HEBRAICA CATALOGUING ARE NOTED. THE USE OF AUTHORITY FILES TO CONTROL VARIANT FORMS OF HEADING IS STRESSED, AND FUTURE TRENDS IN AUTOMATED CATALOGUING ARE CONSIDERED. ******************************************** Document 3367 THE BRITISH LIBRARY'S APPROACH TO AACR2. THE FORMAL COMMITMENT OF THE BRITISH LIBRARY TO AACR2 AND DEWEY 19 ENTAILED SUBSTANTIAL CHANGES TO THE UK MARC FORMAT, THE BLAISE FILING RULES, AND A VARIETY OF PRODUCTS PRODUCED FOR THE BRITISH LIBRARY ITSELF AND FOR OTHER LIBRARIES, INCLUDING THE BRITISH NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. THE BRITISH LIBRARY FILE CONVERSION INVOLVED NOT ONLY HEADINGS BUT ALSO ALGORITHMIC CONVERSION OF THE DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUING. ******************************************** Document 3368 URGENT MEASURES FOR IMPROVING LOCATION REFERENCES OF PERIODICAL ARTICLES BY WAY OF THE PERIODICAL DATA BANK. THE NATIONAL REFERENCE SYSTEM FOR PERIODICALS AND SERIALS IS THE PERIODICAL DATA BANK AT THE GERMAN LIBRARY INSTITUTE AND THE STATE LIBRARY OF PRUSSIAN CULTURAL HERITAGE IN BERLIN. THE DATA BANK CONTAINS TITLE DATA ON 180,000 GERMAN AND FOREIGN PERIODICAL ARTICLES WITH 500,000 LOCATION REFERENCES. TO IMPROVE THE SUPPLY OF PERIODICAL ARTICLES OVER THE SHORT TERM THE FOLLOWING MEASURES ARE NECESSARY' THE ACCELERATION OF CATALOGUING OF ALL PERIODICAL COLLECTIONS IN ALL TYPES OF LIBRARIES INVOLVED IN THE NATIONAL LITERATURE SUPPLY SYSTEM; THE DATA COLLECTIONS OF OTHER PERIODICAL REFERENCE SYSTEMS SHOULD BE INCLUDED IN THE DATA BANK; TITLE DATA IN THE PERIODICAL DATA BANK SHOULD BE COMPARED WITH THAT SUPPLIED BY SUBJECT INFORMATION SERVICES WITH A VIEW TO ACQUIRING MISSING TITLES; THE DATA BANK SHOULD BE CONCENTRATED IN AN ON-LINE INFORMATION BANK. AN EFFICIENT ON-LINE SYSTEM WOULD EVENT UALLY LEAD TO USERS BEING ABLE TO ORDER PERIODICALS DIRECTLY AND BEING REFERRED TO THE NEAREST RELEVANT LIBRARY. ******************************************** Document 3369 PROBABILISTIC MODELS OF INDEXING AND SEARCHING. DESCRIBES THE AUTHORS' WORK TO BRING TOGETHER THE 2 STRANDS OF RESEARCH ON INDEXING AND SEARCHING AND THEIR PROGRESS TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF A MODEL (WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE PROBABILISTIC THEORY OF DOCUMENT RETRIEVAL) WHICH MAKES OPTIMUM USE OF WITHIN-DOCUMENT FREQUENCIES IN SEARCHING. ******************************************** Document 3370 UNIFIED RULES ON KEYWORD CATALOGUING. LECTURE GIVEN AT THE ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE VEREIN DER BIBLIOTHEKARE AN OFFENTLICHEN BIBLIOTHEKEN (ASSOCIATION OF LIBRARIANS IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES) WEST GERMANY, MAY 81. LIBRARIANS HAVE BEEN DISCUSSING THE IDEA OF UNIFIED KEYWORD CATALOGUING RULES FOR OVER 50 YEARS AND THE SUBJECT CATALOGUING COMMITTEE OF THE DEUTSCHES BIBLIOTHEKSINSTITUT (GERMAN LIBRARY INSTITUTE) HAS RECENTLY PRODUCED A REPORT ON THIS SUBJECT. SINCE SUBJECT CATALOGUING PROBLEMS HAVE BEEN NEGLECTED FOR DECADES AND SUBJECT CATALOGUING CARRIED OUT BY MANY INDIVIDUAL LIBRARIES HAS RESULTED IN THE WASTING OF WORK TIME, SUPER-REGIONAL COOPERATION IN THIS SPHERE OFFERS ATTRACTIVE PROSPECTS. IF REGIONAL UNION CATALOGUE SYSTEMS AND CENTRALISED SERVICES TOOK OVER ALL SUBJECT CATALOGUING, RATIONAL RULES AND PROCEDURES WOULD RESULT. KEYWORD CATALOGUES ARE BECOMING MORE AND MORE POPULAR AND THE CREATION OF UNIFIED RULES WILL DEMAND MORE INTENSIVE WORK BY LIBRARIANS. ******************************************** Document 3371 TOWARDS ESTABLISHMENT OF COMPATIBILITY BETWEEN INDEXING LANGUAGES. OUTLINES PREVIOUS WORK DONE IN THE FIELD OF COMPATIBILITY BETWEEN INDEXING LANGUAGES (IL), AND DESCRIBES THE SCOPE, LIMITATIONS AND ADVANTAGES OF ESTABLISHING COMPATIBILITY BETWEEN IL. SUGGESTS METHODS FOR VERBAL COMPARISONS BETWEEN IL AS WELL AS GENERATION OF AN ALPHABETICAL COMPARISON MATRIX MI. CONCEPTUAL COMPARISONS HOWEVER, DEMAND A CONCEPTUAL REORGANISATION OF MI INTO A COMPATIBILITY MATRIX M2 WITH ITS TWO ALTERNATIVES, NAMELY A SYSTEM-RELATED MATRIX M3 AND A HIERARCHICAL MATRIX M4. DESCRIBES THE USE OF A COMPATIBILITY MATRIX, AND DISCUSSES SOME ORGANISATIONAL PROBLEMS. ******************************************** Document 3372 ANALYSIS OF KEYWORDS IN CHEMISTRY. FROM THE 10 MILLION KEYWORDS IN 3 VOLUMES OF 2CA CONDENSATES 1FOR 1977 AND 1978, 16,000 KEYWORDS WERE ASSEMBLED FROM THE 200 MOST FREQUENTLY OCCURRING ONES IN EACH OF THE 80 SECTIONS AND ANALYSED FOR CROSS-CORRELATION, CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES, AND RELATIONSHIP TO 10,000 TERMS IN A SEPARATE JAPANESE CHEMICAL SOCIETY LIST. ******************************************** Document 3373 MEASUREMENT-THEORETICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE MZ-METRIC. DEVELOPS A MECHANISM FOR DESCRIBING AND INVESTIGATING THE RELATION BETWEEN (1) FORMAL MEASURES FOR EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND (2) INTUITIVE IDEAS, OR VIEWPOINTS, ABOUT THE QUALITY OF THE SYSTEMS. APPLIES ELEMENTARY VIEWPOINTS (FORMALISED VIEWPOINTS ON SYSTEM OUTPUT QUALITY) TO THE MZ-METRIC (A PERFORMANCE MEASURE), DISCUSSING THE MEASUREMENT-THEORETIC PROBLEMS ATTACHED TO THE MZ-METRIC AND THE APPLICATIONS OF THE ELEMENTARY VIEWPOINTS MECHANISM. ******************************************** Document 3374 A PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF SIMILARITY MEASURES, DOCUMENT TERM WEIGHTING SCHEMES AND REPRESENTATIONS IN A BOOLEAN ENVIRONMENT. REPORTS ON THE RESULTS OF A STUDY WHICH AIMED TO EVALUATE RANKING ALGORITHMS SO THAT GENERALISATIONS ABOUT THEIR EFFECTIVENESS COULD BE MADE. A SINGLE DATA BASE, COMMON USER POPULATION, AND COMMON SETS OF QUERIES AND RELEVANCE JUDGEMENTS WERE USED. ALSO REPORTS ON SOME UNEXPECTED FINDINGS RELATING TO THE PERFORMANCE OF DOCUMENT REPRESENTATIONS AND SEARCHER DIFFERENCES. ******************************************** Document 3375 INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES' A CLASSIFIER'S PROBLEM. THE GROWTH OF INTERDISCIPLINARY SUBJECTS SUCH AS ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES, ENERGY, COMPUTERS AND WOMEN'S STUDIES HAVE PRESENTED A GREAT CHALLENGE TO ESTABLISHED CLASSIFICATION SCHEMES. EXAMINES THE CASE FOR ONE PLACE CLASSIFICATION AND EVALUATES THE BROWN CLASSIFICATION IN THE LIGHT OF THIS PRINCIPLE. ******************************************** Document 3376 COMMON SUBDIVISIONS IN DEWEY DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION. CRITICAL COMMENTS OF EDITION 19. PRESENTS AND CRITICALLY EXAMINES THE MAIN CHANGES AND ADDITIONS WHICH HAVE BEEN INCORPORATED IN THE 7 AUXILIARY TABLES OF EDITION 19 OF DDC. DISCUSSES THE INTRODUCTION AND USE OF THE TABLE OF PRECEDENCE. SUGGESTS THAT THERE SHOULD BE MORE INTENSIVE STUDY OF EDITION 19 TO IMPROVE THE SERVICE. ******************************************** Document 3377 THE BASIC PRINCIPLES BEHIND UDC AND RULES FOR ITS REVISION AND PUBLICATION. DISCUSSES BASIC THEORY OF UDC; STRUCTURE AND NOTATION IN THE MAIN AND COMPLEMENTARY TABLES; MANAGEMENT BY THE INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF DOCUMENTATION'S CENTRAL COMMITTEE ON CLASSIFICATION AND THE UDC SECRETARIAT; GENERAL PRINCIPLES FOR REVISION AND DEVELOPMENT; PROCEDURES FOR THE WORKING OUT AND PRESENTATION OF SUGGESTIONS FOR REVISION; THE TREATMENT OF SUGGESTIONS FOR REVISION BEFORE PUBLICATION; PUBLICATION OF SUGGESTIONS FOR REVISION AND PUBLISHERS' CORRECTIONS; THE UDC MASTER VERSION AND MASTER FILE, EXTENSIONS AND CORRECTIONS TO UDC, CUMULATED UDC SUPPLEMENTS; AUTHORISED EDITIONS OF UDC AND OTHER UDC PUBLICATIONS; COPYRIGHT AND LICENCE FEES; AND THE UDC REVISION COMMITTEES. ******************************************** Document 3378 THE USE OF UDC IN THE CATALOGUES OF MEDICAL LIBRARIES. UNIVERSAL DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION (UDC) IS CONSIDERED IN RELATION TO ITS USE IN MEDICAL LIBRARIES. THE ADVANTAGES OF THIS SCHEME AND ITS POSSIBILITIES IN IMPROVING THE USE OF MEDICAL LIBRARY STOCKS ARE EMPHASISED. ******************************************** Document 3379 PATENT CLASSIFICATION AND INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SERVICES. PAPER PRESENTED TO THE SOCIETY OF INDEXERS, 20 JAN 81. SURVEYS THE PATENT INFORMATION SERVICES FOR PUBLIC AND INDUSTRY PROVIDED BY THE UK PATENT OFFICE AND THE SCIENCE REFERENCE LIBRARY. EXAMINES BRIEFLY THE FOLLOWING ASPECTS OF THE PATENT OFFICE'S SERVICES' DOCUMENT PUBLICATIONS; THE DOMESTIC CLASSIFICATION KEY USED FOR CLASSIFYING OFFICIAL SEARCH FILES; INDEXES MAINTAINED; THE USE OF COMPUTERS IN THE KEEPING OF CLASSIFICATION RECORDS AND THE FILE LIST SERVICES PROVIDED; AND THE WORK OF THE CLASSIFICATION SECTION. ******************************************** Document 3380 SUBJECT CLASSIFICATION OF FICTION IN THE HOLON MUNICIPAL LIBRARY (IN HEBREW). FORMER ATTEMPTS TO CLASSIFY FICTION CONCENTRATED ON LITERARY GENRES AND ONE SUCH ATTEMPT IN THE ROSKILD, (DENMARK) LIBRARY IS BRIEFLY REVIEWED. THE HOLON LIBRARIANS DECIDED TO BUILD A SUBJECT CATALOGUE FOR FICTION WHICH CAN BE READILY USED BY READERS AS WELL AS LIBRARIANS. A BASIC LIST OF SUBJECTS WAS DRAWN UP AND ADDITIONAL ONES ADDED AS WORKS OF FICTION WERE PROCESSED. IT WAS FOUND THAT SOME FICTION CANNOT BE CLASSIFIED BY SUBJECT, WHILE OTHER WORKS RECEIVE 2 OR MORE SUBJECT CARDS. THE CLASSIFICATION WAS CARRIED OUT IN 2 STAGES; AT FIRST ONLY BOOKS CURRENTLY RECEIVED WERE CLASSIFIED, AND LATER THE EXISTING FICTION COLLECTION WAS PROCESSED IN THE SAME FASHION. THE LISTS OF SUBJECT HEADINGS IN HEBREW AND ENGLISH ARE APPENDED. ******************************************** Document 3381 A FACETED CLASSIFICATION SCHEME FOR MYTHOLOGY AND RELATED SUBJECTS. (MA THESIS.) FACETED SCHEME FOR THE CLASSIFICATION OF MYTHOLOGY AND SUPPORTIVE RELATED SUBJECTS. ******************************************** Document 3382 SYSTEMATIC INDEXING OF THE 2UNION CATALOGUE OF AUSTRIAN THESES1. THE 2UNION CATALOGUE OF AUSTRIAN THESES1 APPEARS ANNUALLY AND LISTS ALL APPROVED THESES FROM AUSTRIAN UNIVERSITIES AND POLYTECHNICS. SINCE ITS INCEPTION IN 1966 UNTIL 1975 THE SUBJECT INDEX WAS CONSTRUCTED FROM KEYWORDS IN THE TITLES, BUT AS FROM 1976 A SPECIALLY DESIGNED SYSTEMATIC SUBJECT CLASSIFICATION HAS BEEN IN USE. IT IS TO SOME EXTENT BASED UPON THAT IN USE AT VIENNA'S UNIVERSITY AND POLYTECHNIC, AND THE NEW METHOD OF SELECTING AND STANDARDISING SUBJECT HEADINGS IS DESCRIBED. THERE ARE ALSO INDEXES OF PERSONAL NAMES (AS SUBJECTS OF THESES, NOT AUTHORS), AND PLACE NAMES. INDEXING IS DONE MANUALLY, COMPUTERISED INDEXING BEING TOO EXPENSIVE. CUMULATIONS WILL BE MADE, THE 1ST FOR THE PERIOD 1976-86. ******************************************** Document 3383 RESEARCH REPORT ON SUBJECT HEADING PATTERNS IN OCLC MONOGRAPHIC RECORDS. REPORT OF AN INVESTIGATION ALSO DESCRIBED IN LIBR. RESOUR. TECH. SERV. 25 (1) JAN/MAR 81 (SEE 82/1403). ******************************************** Document 3384 USER REACTIONS TO PRECIS IN THE BRITISH EDUCATION INDEX. REACTIONS OF USERS TO PRECIS (PRESERVED CONTEXT INDEX SYSTEM) SUBJECT INDEXING IN BRITISH EDUCATION INDEX WERE STUDIED BY STRUCTURED INTERVIEWS AS PART OF A WIDER SURVEY OF PRECIS USER REACTION IN THE UK. FINDINGS ARE PRESENTED IN TERMS OF EASE OF USE, EFFECTIVE RETRIEVAL OF CITATIONS, WHETHER TOO MUCH INFORMATION IS PROVIDED IN ENTRIES, THE STRUCTURE OF INDEX ENTRIES AND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TERMS, AND THE POSSIBILITY OF A '1-STAGE' INDEX. CONCLUSIONS ARE THAT IN A SPECIALISED FIELD LIKE EDUCATION A SOPHISTICATED INDEXING TECHNIQUE CANNOT OBVIATE THE INDEXER'S SPECIALISED SUBJECT KNOWLEDGE, BUT THAT THE BASIC PRINCIPLES OF PRECIS ARE NOT UNDER ATTACK, AND ENTRIES SHOULD NOT BE FURTHER SIMPLIFIED. A MAJORITY CONSIDERED PRECIS BETTER THAN THE PUBLICATION'S PREVIOUS INDEXING METHOD. ******************************************** Document 3385 OBSERVATIONS ON STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES CONCERNING THESAURUS CONSTRUCTION. ATTEMPTS TO COMPARE THE EXISTING STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES FOR THESAURUS CONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT, FOCUSSING PARTICULARLY ON THE ISO, BSI STANDARDS AS WELL AS ON THE GUIDELINES SUGGESTED BY AITCHISON AND GILCHRIST, AND UNISIST. CONSIDERS THE FOLLOWING ASPECTS' LINGUISTIC ASPECTS OF THESAURI; FORMAL REQUIREMENTS SUGGESTED BY THE STANDARDS/GUIDELINES WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH COMPOUND TERMS, HOMOGRAPHS, FORMS OF TERMS, ETC.; SEMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN TERMS-SYNONYMY, BT/NT, AND ASSOCIATIVITY; PROBLEMS PECULIAR TO MULTILINGUAL THESAURI, ESPECIALLY THE PROBLEM OF INEXACT EQUIVALENCE BETWEEN TERMS; AND PRESENTATION AND ARRANGEMENT OF TERMS IN A THESAURUS. ******************************************** Document 3386 SEMI-AUTOMATIC DEVELOPMENT OF THESAURI USING FREE-LANGUAGE VOCABULARY ANALYSES. PART 1. VARIOUS TECHNIQUES WERE STUDIED FOR THE COMPUTER ANALYSIS AND MANIPULATION OF THE FREE-LANGUAGE INDEXING ASSIGNED TO DOCUMENTS IN A DATA BASE TO FORM THE BASIS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A STRUCTURED VOCABULARY SYSTEM OR THESAURUS BASED ON FREE-LANGUAGE INDEXING. THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN AUTOMATIC TRUNCATION PROCEDURE IS DESCRIBED AND THE RESULTS OF STATISTICAL STUDIES ON THE GROWTH AND FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FREE-LANGUAGE VOCABULARY ARE PRESENTED. ******************************************** Document 3387 INTEGRATION OF THESAURI IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE CONTA CONFERENCE, BIELEFELD, 24-27 MAY 81. DISCUSSES THE OBJECTIVES AND COMPILATION OF THE PROPOSED INTEGRATED THESAURUS OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES, WHICH IS INTENDED TO ACT AS A MASTER REFERENCE TOOL, AS AN AID IN SEARCHING ACROSS DATA BASES, OR A SWITCHING MECHANISM. THE 1ST STEP IN COMPILATION SHOULD BE THE MERGING OF TERMS TO FORM A DESCRIPTOR BANK. TO COMPARE THE MERGED TERMS AT THE CONCEPT LEVEL, ANALYSIS IN SUB-FIELDS IS PROPOSED WITHIN A CLASSIFICATION FRAMEWORK, PREFERABLY 1 WITH A FACETED STRUCTURE, SUCH AS THE 2ND EDITION OF THE 2BLISS BIBLIOGRAPHIC CLASSIFICATION. 1THE CLASSIFICATION WOULD SERVE AS THE MASTER AGAINST WHICH THE TERMS FROM THE MERGED INFORMATION LANGUAGES, ARRANGED IN A COMPATIBILITY MATRIX, WOULD BE COMPARED. THE MASTER CLASSIFICATION WOULD BE MODIFIED DURING INTERACTION WITH THE MATRIX TERMS, AND EMERGE AS THE INTEGRATED THESAURUS IN A FORMAT SIMILAR TO THAT OF THE BSI ROOT THESAURUS, HAVING A D ETAILED CLASSIFIED DISPLAY AND FULL ALPHABETICAL SECTION. PROVIDES AN EXAMPLE WORKED OUT IN THE SUB-FIELD OF UNEMPLOYMENT USING TERMS FROM 5 THESAURI AND THE UDC. ALSO CONSIDERS MULTILINGUAL IMPLICATIONS, TESTING AND UPDATING. ******************************************** Document 3388 INFORMATION RETRIEVAL RESEARCH. PAPERS GIVEN AT THE 1ST JOINT BRITISH COMPUTER SOCIETY/ASSOCIATION FOR COMPUTING MACHINERY SYMPOSIUM ON INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL, RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN INFORMATION RETRIEVAL, CAMBRIDGE, JUNE 80. FOR ABSTRACTS, 2SEE1 THE FOLLOWING SERIAL NUMBERS'. ******************************************** Document 3389 METHODS FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF TEXTUAL DATA IN DATABASE SYSTEMS. PRESENTS OBSERVATIONS INDICATING A TREND TOWARDS AN INTEGRATED DATA BASE MANAGEMENT AND INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (DBMIRS). MAKES A PRELIMINARY PROPOSAL FOR THE INFORMATION STRUCTURE AND QUERY LANGUAGE OF A DBMIRS AND DISCUSSES RELATED SEARCH IMPLEMENTATION TECHNIQUES. CONSIDERS CLUSTERING ACCORDING TO TEXTUAL ATTRIBUTES. ******************************************** Document 3390 WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE?. PRESENTS THE AUTHOR'S PERSONAL OPINION THAT THE NEXT QUANTUM LEAP IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY WILL BE THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN ACTIVE INFORMATION SYSTEM. FOCUSES ON NEW INFORMATION SCIENCE CONCEPTS TO DEFINE THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACTIVE AND CURRENT PASSIVE INFORMATION SYSTEMS; ILLUSTRATES HOW AN ACTIVE SYSTEM FUNCTIONING AS A HUMAN COLLEAGUE CAN HELP THE USER; DESCRIBES THE NECESSARY SYSTEM FACULTIES; DISCUSSES ISSUES IN MODELLING SUCH FACULTIES ON A COMPUTER; AND PRESENTS THE ANATOMY OF AN ACTIVE SYSTEM AS ENVISAGED AT THE PRESENT RESEARCH STAGE. ******************************************** Document 3391 REPRESENTATION OF KNOWLEDGE IN A LEGAL INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM. THE LEGAL RESEARCH SYSTEM IS A KNOWLEDGE-BASED COMPUTER RETRIEVAL SYSTEM FOR USE BY LAWYERS AND LEGAL ASSISTANTS AND CONTAINING INFORMATION ABOUT 200 COURT DECISIONS AND 200 STATUTES CONCERNING US NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS LAW (CHEQUES AND PROMISSORY NOTES). 4 KINDS OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT LEGAL CONCEPTS AND RELATED COURT CASES ARE REPRESENTED-FUNCTIONAL, STRUCTURAL, SEMANTIC, AND FACTUAL. DISCUSSES THE MOTIVATION FOR INCLUDING EACH KIND OF KNOWLEDGE. DESCRIBES THEIR COMPUTER REPRESENTATION AND GIVES EXAMPLES OF THEIR USE. DESCRIBES HOW THE SYSTEM'S STRUCTURE IS USED TO UNDERSTAND AND INTERPRET USER QUERIES. ******************************************** Document 3392 A BACKEND MACHINE ARCHITECTURE FOR INFORMATION RETRIEVAL. DESCRIBES PROGRESS TO DATE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF BACKEND MACHINE ARCHITECTURE FOR LARGE TEXTUAL DATA BASES OR INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS. OUTLINES THE USE OF HIGH-SPEED PATTERN MATCHING, STRING PROCESSING, AND OTHER NON-NUMERIC OPERATIONS FOR THE BASIC SEARCH MODULE. THE INVESTIGATORS HAVE ALSO USED A STRUCTURED APPROACH AND FUNCTIONAL SEPARATION OF THE PARTS OF THE BACKEND MACHINE DIRECTLY RELATED TO THE HIGH-LEVEL QUERY LANGUAGE, WHICH COMBINES A LIMITED AMOUNT OF INVERSION WITH SERIAL HIGH-SPEED TEXT PROCESSING IN A PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED FASHION. ******************************************** Document 3393 THE FACT DATABASE: A SYSTEM BASED ON INFERENTIAL METHODS. THE FACT DATA BASE (A MODEL FOR A NEW TYPE OF INFORMATION-HANDLING SYSTEM) IS DESCRIBED IN TERMS OF ITS MAIN DATA STRUCTURE (BUILT FROM UNITS OF INFORMATION CALLED 'FACTS') AND ITS CONCEPTUAL SECTION WHICH MANIPULATES THE STRUCTURE (THE FACT MACHINE). ITS NOVELTY ARISES FROM ITS INTERNAL KNOWLEDGE STRUCTURE-A MODEL OF THE REAL WORLD DESCRIBED BY THE DATA BASE AND REPRESENTATION OF INFORMATION FED TO THE MACHINE. THIS, AUGMENTED BY INFORMATION ABOUT SET MEMBERSHIP, ENABLES THE SYSTEM TO USE INFERENTIAL METHODS IN MANY ASPECTS OF ITS OPERATION. SHOWS HOW THESE FEATURES LEAD TO A SIMPLE, FLEXIBLE INTERFACE, BOTH TO OTHER COMPUTER SYSTEMS AND TO 'USER FRIENDLY' QUERY LANGUAGES. ******************************************** Document 3394 A TERM WEIGHTING MODEL BASED ON UTILITY THEORY. 3 INFORMATION RETRIEVAL TERM-WEIGHTING MODELS (INVERSE DOCUMENT FREQUENCY, TERM DISCRIMINATION VALUE, AND TERM PRECISION) ARE DESCRIBED AND RELATED TO ONE ANOTHER USING UTILITY THEORY AS AN EVALUATION MODEL. DEMONSTRATES THAT ALL 3 LEAD TO THE SAME CONCLUSION' WHEN TERM INDEPENDENCE AND BINARY INDEXING (NON-WEIGHTED) ARE INITIALLY ASSUMED, THE MOST IMPORTANT TERMS EXHIBIT MEDIUM FREQUENCY AND THE WORST ONES ARE THE HIGH FREQUENCY TERMS. ******************************************** Document 3395 MULTILEVEL INFORMATION SYSTEM-TOWARDS MORE FLEXIBLE INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS. THE MULTILEVEL INFORMATION SYSTEM (MLIS), AN EXTENSION OF A TYPICAL INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM TOWARDS MORE COMPLETE DATA PROCESSING, IS DISCUSSED. MLIS INTEGRATES FUNCTIONS TYPICAL FOR DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AND RETRIEVAL-ORIENTED SYSTEMS. SEVERAL LEVELS OF DATA ACCESSING ARE PROVIDED, EACH LEVEL DEVELOPED FOR A DIFFERENT CLASS OF USERS. ******************************************** Document 3396 AN ASSOCIATIVE FILE STORE USING FRAGMENTS FOR RUN-TIME INDEXING AND COMPRESSION. AN ASSOCIATIVE FILE STORE (AFS) IS OFFERED AS A SIMPLE SOLUTION TO CURRENT PROBLEMS WITH ON-LINE INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS. IT WOULD BE A SINGLE-INSTRUCTION MULTIPLE-DATA STREAM MACHINE, DEDICATED TO ASSOCIATIVE FILE SEARCHING WHILE OVERALL CONTROL OF THE SYSTEM WOULD BE ENTRUSTED TO A CONVENTIONAL SINGLE-INSTRUCTION SINGLE-DATA STREAM MACHINE. THE ASSOCIATIVE PARALLEL PROCESSOR (A MAJOR COMPONENT OF AFS) WOULD SUPPORT 'ON-THE-FLY' FILE SEARCHING AND SIMPLIFY THE INDEXING PROBLEMS OF DIRECTLY ACCESSING SINGLE RECORDS TO THAT OF INDICATING THE MOST PROBABLE SCAN BLOCK FOR A HIGH RECALL OF MATCHING RECORDS. INITIAL CONSIDERATIONS SUGGEST THAT AFS WOULD OUT-PERFORM CONVENTIONAL FILE STORES BY OVER 2 ORDERS OF MAGNITUDE, BE SIMPLE TO MAINTAIN, AND OFFER FULL FREE-TEXT RETRIEVAL FLEXIBILITY. ******************************************** Document 3397 PROBLEMS IN THE SIMULATION OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS. PRESENTS A FORMAL PROBABILISTIC LOGICAL MODEL OF A BIBLIOGRAPHIC RETRIEVAL SYSTEM WHICH CAN BE USED AS A BASIS FOR THE COMPUTER SIMULATION OF INFORMATION RETRIEVAL FROM A BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA BASE. DESCRIBES A SPECIFIC IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MODEL AND ASSESS HOW WELL THE IMPLEMENTATION WAS ABLE TO SIMULATE THE CRANFIELD II AND MEDLARS RETRIEVAL TEST COLLECTIONS AT CORNELL UNIVERSITY'S COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT. ******************************************** Document 3398 A MODEL OF A DOCUMENT-CLUSTERING-BASED INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM WITH A BOOLEAN SEARCH REQUEST FORMULATION. PRESENTS AN INFORMATION RETRIEVAL METHOD WHICH CLUSTERS DOCUMENTS ON THE BASIS OF PREVIOUSLY DETERMINED CLUSTERS OF BOOLEAN SEARCH REQUEST FORMULATIONS. SUGGESTS WAYS OF SELECTING THESE FORMULATIONS AND DISCUSSES THE INFLUENCE OF SELECTION METHOD ON RETRIEVAL EFFECTIVENESS. SPECIAL ATTENTION IS PAID TO THE METHOD WHICH PROVIDES RETRIEVAL EFFECTIVENESS COMPARABLE TO THAT OBTAINED WITH A SEQUENTIAL FILE. THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS ARE ILLUSTRATED BY A NUMERICAL EXAMPLE. ******************************************** Document 3399 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF HARDWARE VERSUS SOFTWARE TEXT SEACH. PRESENTS A HYBRID APPROACH TO DATA BASE TEXT SEARCHING, USING THE BEST FEATURES OF INVERSION AND STREAMING SEARCHING TECHNIQUES TO MINIMISE DATA FLOW AND OBTAIN COMPLETE FUNCTIONAL CAPABILITY. THE QUERY IS BROKEN INTO 2 PARTS BASED UPON THE EXISTENCE OF TERMS (OFFENSIVE TERMS) HAVING LEADING OR IMBEDDED 'DON'T CARES'. THOSE DOCUMENTS SATISFYING THE PART OF THE QUERY WITHOUT OFFENSIVE TERMS ARE IDENTIFIED VIA INVERSION. THESE DOCUMENTS ARE ACCESSED AND THE OFFENSIVE TERMS ARE SEARCHED FOR VIA STREAMING. DISCUSSES THE RESULTS OF THE 1ST SET OF SIMULATION RUNS IN WHICH THE EXPERIMENTERS PERFORMED SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS ON MACHINE PROCESSING POWER AND % OF TERMS WITH LEADING VARIABLE-LENGTH 'DON'T CARES'. ******************************************** Document 3400 ON THE INCLUSIVENESS OF SYSTEMS FOR RETRIEVAL DOCUMENTS INDEXED BY UNWEIGHTED DESCRIPTORS. ONE MEANS OF REDUCING INFORMATION RETRIEVAL TIME IS BY TAKING ADVANTAGE OF THE PROPERTY OF INCLUSIVENESS OF INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS. WHEN ONE KNOWS THE SYSTEM RESPONSE TO A QUERY WHICH IS MORE GENERAL IN RELATION TO ANOTHER QUERY, THEN IN AN INCLUSIVE RETRIEVAL SYSTEM IN ORDER TO RETRIEVE THE RESPONSE TO THE MORE SPECIFIC QUERY IT SUFFICES TO LIMIT THE INFORMATION RETRIEVAL PROCESS TO THE SEARCH OF THE SYSTEM RESPONSE TO THE MORE GENERAL QUERY. DEMONSTRATES THE PROPERTY OF INCLUSIVENESS OF DOCUMENT RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS WHERE DOCUMENTS ARE INDEXED BY UNWEIGHTED DESCRIPTORS, AND IN WHICH QUERY SEARCH PATTERNS ARE BOOLEAN FUNCTIONS OF DESCRIPTORS (SYSTEMS USING THE INVERTED FILE METHOD, THE CANONICAL STRUCTURE FILE-METHOD, OR THE SEQUENTIAL FILE METHOD). THE PAPER PRESENTS 3 METHODS FOR A DETERMINING A PARTIAL ORDERING RELATION ON A SET OF BOOLEAN SEARCH PATTERNS OF QUERIES, IMPLYING A PARTIAL ORDERI NG ON THE SET OF THE SYSTEM RESPONSES TO THESE QUERIES AND DISCUSSES THE ADEQUACY OF EACH METHOD DEPENDING ON THE INFORMATION RETRIEVAL METHOD USED. ******************************************** Document 3401 CONCEPTUAL INFORMATION RETRIEVAL. OUTLINES RECENT RESEARCH IN NATURAL-LANGUAGE PROCESSING CARRIED OUT AS PART OF THE YALE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE PROJECT; DISCUSSES THE 4 KEY ISSUES TO BE ADDRESSED IN DESIGNING A SYSTEM ABLE TO ORGANISE AND RETRIEVE FACTS IN RELATIVELY UNCONSTRAINED DOMAINS (ORGANISING MEMORY, ANALYSING INPUT TEXT, AUTOMATICALLY UPDATING MEMORY, AND ANSWERING QUESTIONS); AND DESCRIBES THE PROJECT'S COMPUTER SYSTEM, CYFR. CYFR COMPRISES 2 SYSTEMS. FRUMP (FAST READING UNDERSTANDING AND MEMORY PROGRAM) READS STORIES FROM THE UNITED PRESS INTERNATIONAL NEWS WIRE AND OUTPUTS A CONCEPTUAL REPRESENTATION OF THE IMPORTANT EVENTS OF EACH STORY IT UNDERSTANDS. CONCEPTUAL SUMMARIES CONCERNING THE US SECRETARY OF STATE ARE SENT TO CYRUS, WHICH FILLS IN CONTEXTUAL DETAILS, ADDS NEW INFORMATION TO ITS DATA BASE, AND CAN THEN BE INTERROGATED ABOUT THE NEW INFORMATION. ******************************************** Document 3402 USE OF A MAXIMAL COMMON SUBGRAPH ALGORITHM IN THE AUTOMATIC IDENTIFICATION OF THE OSTENSIBLE BOND CHANGES OCCURRING IN CHEMICAL REACTIONS. A FAST PROCEDURE IS DESCRIBED FOR THE DISCOVERY OF THE LARGEST SUBSTRUCTURE COMMON TO THE REACTANT AND PRODUCT MOLECULES IN A CHEMICAL REACTION. ONCE THIS SUBSTRUCTURE HAS BEEN FOUND, IT IS POSSIBLE TO IDENTIFY AUTOMATICALLY THOSE BONDS IN THE REACTING MOLECULES WHICH HAVE APPARENTLY BEEN BROKEN OR FORMED IN THE COURSE OF THE REACTION; THESE BOND CHANGES COULD BE USED AS INDEXING TERMS FOR THE RETRIEVAL OF CHEMICAL REACTION INFORMATION. ******************************************** Document 3403 COMMENTS ON A 'METHOD FOR GENERATING A CHEMICAL REACTION INDEX FOR STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL OF INFORMATION'. A RECENTLY PROPOSED METHOD FOR GENERATING NUMERIC IDENTIFIERS FOR CHEMICAL REACTIONS IS DISCUSSED. IT IS SHOWN THAT THE METHOD DEPENDS UPON THE EXACT FORM IN WHICH THE REACTION IS DESCRIBED AND ALSO THE METHOD RESULTS IN THE SAME IDENTIFIER BEING ASSIGNED TO DIFFERENT REACTION TYPES. ******************************************** Document 3404 COMPUTER-ASSISTED MECHANISTIC EVALUATION OF ORGANIC REACTIONS. 2. PERCEPTION OF RINGS, AROMATICITY, AND TAUTOMERS. NEW ALGORITHMS FOR THE PERCEPTION OF RINGS, AROMATICITY, AND TAUTOMERS WERE DEVELOPED IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE CAMEO PROGRAM FOR COMPUTER-ASSISTED MECHANISTIC EVALUATION OF ORGANIC REACTIONS. A NOTEWORTHY ASPECT OF THE RING ALGORITHM IS THAT ONLY RINGS BELONGING TO THE SMALLEST SET OF SMALLEST RINGS ARE FOUND. RESULTS FOR REPRESENTATIVE MOLECULES ARE PRESENTED, AND RULES FOR DETERMINING THE AROMATICITY/TAUTOMER STATUS OF RINGS, ESPECIALLY HETEROCYCLES, ARE DISCUSSED. ******************************************** Document 3405 EXPERIMENTS AND ANALYSIS ON A COMPUTER INTERFACE TO AN INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NETWORK. A PRIMARY GOAL OF THIS PROJECT WAS TO DEVELOP AN INTERFACE THAT WOULD PROVIDE DIRECT ACCESS FOR INEXPERIENCED USERS TO EXISTING ON-LINE BIBLIOGRAPHIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL NETWORKS. THE EXPERIMENT TESTED THE CONCEPT OF A VIRTUAL-SYSTEM MODE OF ACCESS TO A NETWORK OF HETEROGENEOUS INTERACTIVE RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS AND DATA BASES. AN EXPERIMENTAL TRANSLATING COMPUTER INTERFACE NAMED CONIT WAS DEVELOPED AS A RESEARCH TEST VEHICLE. THE INTERFACE WAS DESIGNED TO MAKE THE BASIC FUNCTIONS OF 3 DIFFERENT BIBLIOGRAPHIC RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS EASY TO USE, EVEN BY INEXPERIENCED USERS, BY PROVIDING A SIMPLIFIED COMMON COMMAND LANGUAGE COUPLED WITH EXTENSIVE ON-LINE INSTRUCTION. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 3406 SEARCHES CONDUCTED FOR ENGINEERS. REPORTS AN INDUSTRIAL INFORMATION SPECIALIST'S EXPERIENCE IN PERFORMING ON-LINE SEARCHES FOR ENGINEERS AND SURVEYS THE DATA BASES USED. ENGINEERS SEEKING ASSISTANCE FALL INTO 3 CATEGORIES' (1) THOSE WHO RECOGNISE THE VALUE OF ON-LINE RETRIEVAL; (2) REFERRALS BY COLLEAGUES; AND (3) THOSE WHO DO NOT SEEK HELP. AS MORE SUCCESSFUL SEARCHES FOR COLLEAGUES ARE PERFORMED THIS LATTER CATEGORY TENDS TO DECLINE. DATA BASES MOST COMMONLY USED AT EXXON RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING COMPANY ARE COMPENDEX, APILIT, CA SEARCH, AND NTIS. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 3407 LEVELS OF QUESTION FORMULATION IN NEGOTIATION OF INFORMATION NEED DURING THE ONLINE RESEARCH INTERVIEW' A PROPOSED MODEL. OUTLINES 4 LEVELS OF QUESTION FORMULATION WHICH PERTAIN TO THE CLIENT-INFORMATION PROFESSIONAL INTERVIEW SESSION. THE LITERATURE WHICH SUPPORTS TAYLOR'S THEORY IS COVERED. IT IS PROPOSED THAT 4 LEVELS MAY BE INADEQUATE FOR DESCRIBING QUESTION NEGOTIATION IN THE ON-LINE PRESEARCH INTERVIEW. AN ALTERED MODEL IS GIVEN WITH SUGGESTIONS FOR TESTING THE MODEL IN THE ON-LINE ENVIRONMENT. SOME RECOMMENDATIONS CONCERNING THE IMPORTANCE OF DISCOVERING SUCH A MODEL ARE OFFERED. ******************************************** Document 3408 ONLINE DATA SEARCHING AS A TOOL FOR MOTIVATING INNOVATION. A STUDY WAS CONDUCTED TO TEST THE CONTENTION; WHICH IS SUPPORTED BY A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE THAT ACCESS TO A WIDE VARIETY OF IDEAS AND NOVELTY WILL TEND TO STIMULATE INNOVATION. THE EXPERIMENT CONSISTED OF A STUDY OF ATTITUDE CHANGES THROUGH PRE- AND POST-TEST ADMINISTRATION OF A RESEARCH QUESTIONNAIRE TO A GROUP OF 20 VOLUNTARY PARTICIPANTS FROM A SMALL HIGH TECHNOLOGY COMPANY BEFORE AND AFTER A 60-DAY PERIOD OF EXPOSURE TO ON-LINE SEARCHING. EVALUATION USING STANDARD STATISTICAL TESTS INDICATED THAT A STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT INCREASE IN PERCEIVED LEVEL OF INNOVATION OCCURRED AFTER THE SUBJECT'S EXPOSURE TO ON-LINE DATA SEARCHING. IN ADDITION, A DIRECT AND POSITIVE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PERCEIVED LEVEL OF NEW IDEA GENERATION AND THE FREQUENCY OF ON-LINE SEARCHING WAS OBSERVED. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 3409 RURAL HEALTH CARE AND TELEMEDICINE. A STUDY OF A RURAL HEALTH CARE SYSTEM AND INTERACTIVE TELEVISION. VOLUME 1. PROJECT SUMMARY. THIS STUDY EXAMINES THE EFFICACY OF AN INNOVATIVE SYSTEM FOR HEALTH CARE DELIVERY IN A RURAL ENVIRONMENT AND RESPONSES TO IT BY PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTORS. THE SYSTEM INTEGRATES A POVERTY POPULATION INTO FEE-BASED GROUP PRACTICE ORGANISATION ON A PREPAID BASIS AND SIMULTANEOUSLY INTRODUCES AN INTERACTIVE 2-WAY TELEVISION TO AID THE DELIVERY OF HEALTH SERVICES IN 3 GEOGRAPHICALLY REMOTE SATELLITE STATIONS IN FRANKLIN COUNTY, MAINE. ******************************************** Document 3410 THE EURONET TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORK-ITS FUTURE ROLE?. THE EURONET TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORK IS A PACKET BASED DATA NETWORK INITIALLY PROVIDED TO ENABLE LOW COST ACCESS TO BE OBTAINED TO SCIENTIFIC, TECHNICAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC DATA BASES WITHIN THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY. IT HAS HOWEVER SERVED AS A MEANS TO STANDARDISE DATA COMMUNICATIONS PROTOCOLS THROUGHOUT THE COMMUNITY AND HAS PROVIDED A STIMULUS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS ADMINISTRATIONS TO ESTABLISH NOT ONLY NATIONAL NETWORKS WHICH WHEN INTERCONNECTED WILL ENABLE THE INITIAL EURONET NETWORK TO BE ABSORBED, BUT ALSO NEW SERVICES CAPABLE OF UTILISING PACKET SWITCHED NETWORKS. THE PLANNED AVAILABILITY OF THESE NETWORKS ON A EUROPEAN SCALE IS NOW PROVIDING A STIMULUS TO MANUFACTURERS OF DATA TERMINALS TO MAKE AVAILABLE NEW RANGES OF EQUIPMENT CAPABLE OF EXPLOITING THE SPECIAL FACILITIES OFFERED BY A PACKET BASED NETWORK FOR MESSAGE TRANSMISSION AND EURONET COULD PROVIDE A TESTBED TO ASSIST IN THIS DEVELOPMENT. ******************************************** Document 3411 VIDEOTEX STANDARDS. THE NEED FOR COMMON STANDARDS FOR VIDEOTEX SYSTEMS IS EXPLAINED AND THE FORCES WHICH ARE TENDING TO OPPOSE THE DEVELOPMENT OF SUCH STANDARDS ARE DESCRIBED. ******************************************** Document 3412 VIDEOTEX CHALLENGE?. AN OVERVIEW OF THE STATUS OF UK VIDEOTEX AND TELETEXT IS PRESENTED. THE EXPERIENCE WHICH HAS BEEN GAINED THROUGH PRESTEL, CEEFAX AND ORACLE IS DISCUSSED. AREAS WHERE DISTINCT TRENDS ARE SEEN ARE KINDS OF MATERIAL MOST READILY ACCEPTABLE, GROWTH RATES, AND TYPES OF USER. THE DIFFERENT POTENTIALS OF INTERACTIVE AND NON-INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS ARE DISCUSSED. THE POTENTIAL THREAT TO NEWSPAPERS IN UK AND USA IS CONSIDERED. ******************************************** Document 3413 THE HOME TV AS AN INFORMATION TERMINAL-THE AUSTRALIAN SCENE. DISCUSSES THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF AUSTRALIA'S INVOLVEMENT IN A MARKET TRIAL OF AN INTERNATIONAL INFORMATION NETWORK USING PRESTEL. ALSO LOOKS AT A PILOT PROJECT OF THE NATIONAL LIBRARY AND THE STATE LIBRARY OF NEW SOUTH WALES TO PROVIDE DATA FOR ATN 7'S TELETEXT SYSTEM SEVENTEXT REGARDING THE SERVICES THEY OFFER. ******************************************** Document 3414 VIDEOTEX AND LEGAL INFORMATION. THE GENERAL IMPLICATIONS OF VIDEOTEX FOR THE CANADIAN INFORMATION SCENE ARE REVIEWED BRIEFLY WITH SPECIFIC REFERENCE TO LEGAL INFORMATION. ******************************************** Document 3415 PROGRAMMING AND SERVICES STRATEGIES FOR TWO-WAY TV AND VIEWDATA SYSTEMS-THE TELEPHONE VS CABLE TV (PROSPECTUS ONLY). A MARKET SURVEY OF 18 DIFFERENT TYPES OF PROGRAMMING AND SERVICES FOR THE HOME IS PRESENTED. PAST, PRESENT AND POSSIBLE FUTURE METHODS OF IMPLEMENTING 2-WAY COMMUNICATION ARE REVIEWED. THE PROBABLE MARKET ACCEPTANCE OF THE VARIOUS KINDS OF SERVICE IS CONSIDERED IN DETAIL. A SURVEY OF THE SUPPLIERS INVOLVED IS INCLUDED AND SOME RECOMMENDATIONS ARE MADE FOR VENDORS. RESEARCH AND TRIALS IN THIS AREA ARE CRITICALLY EXAMINED. ******************************************** Document 3416 THE NEW VIEWDATA (PART 2) (IN GERMAN). THE IMPORTANCE OF A COORDINATED COSTING OF VIEWDATA SERVICES FOR THE FUTURE OF THE TECHNOLOGY IS STRESSED AND PROBLEMS OF AUTHOR COPYRIGHT OF VIEWDATA MATERIAL ARE CONSIDERED. OTHER TOPICS DISCUSSED INCLUDE' VISUAL QUALITY OF VIEWDATA OUTPUT; CONNECTION WITH IN-HOUSE COMPUTERS; TRANSFER OF AVAILABLE DATA INTO A VIEWDATA SYSTEM; COMBINATION OF VIEWDATA AND VIDEO DISC SYSTEMS; USING VIEWDATA FOR ELECTRONIC MAIL; THE NEW EUROPEAN STANDARD'S IMPLICATIONS FOR VARIETY OF DESIGN, ACHIEVING COMPARABLE QUALITY WITH PRINT MEDIA. ******************************************** Document 3417 ANTIOPE AND D.R.C.S. THE DRCS SYSTEM ALLOWS FOR GREATER FLEXIBILITY IN PRODUCING AN IMAGE FOR VIDEOTEX OR TELETEXT. 3 MAIN AREAS OF APPLICATION ARE DISCUSSED. THE CHARACTER SET FOR TEXT MATERIAL DIFFERS FROM COUNTRY TO COUNTRY. FINE GRAPHICS (FOR EXAMPLE MAPS) AND REPEATED SYMBOLS (FOR EXAMPLE ELECTRONIC SCHEMATICS) ARE MADE POSSIBLE USING FEW CHARACTERS. THE PROBLEMS OF USING THE DRCS SYSTEM IN ANTIOPE ARE DISCUSSED. ******************************************** Document 3418 TOO MUCH TOO SOON, TOY OR THREAT?. THE CHOICE OF VIEWDATA SYSTEMS AVAILABLE TO PRIVATE VIEWDATA PURCHASERS, I.E. ON EXISTING MAINFRAME OR A DEDICATED SYSTEM, IS EXPLAINED. REASONS ARE GIVEN FOR THE SLOW SALES OF PRIVATE VIEWDATA SYSTEMS AND THE 3 MAIN TYPES OF SYSTEM CURRENTLY AVAILABLE ARE DESCRIBED. ******************************************** Document 3419 GROWTH OF PRIVATE VIEWDATA. INTEREST IN PRIVATE VIEWDATA AND THE GATEWAY SYSTEMS LINKING IT TO OTHER COMPUTER SYSTEMS FOR INTERNAL COMPANY FUNCTIONS INSTEAD OF ELECTRONIC PUBLISHING IS DISCUSSED AND A TELIDON SYSTEM FOR SMALL ADS AT THE LOS ANGELES TIMES IS DESCRIBED. THE 3 TYPES OF PRIVATE VIEWDATA SYSTEMS BASED ON STAND-ALONE, FRONT-END MINI- AND MAINFRAME COMPUTERS ARE EXAMINED. APPLICATIONS USING KEYWORD SEARCHING AND COMBINED WITH VOICE RECOGNITION TECHNIQUES ARE CONSIDERED. THE HOWSON ALGRAPHY HOWTEL PACKAGE CONSISTING OF DATA BASE, VIEWDATA SET, TRAINING AND A 3 MONTHS TRIAL IS DISCUSSED. THE LAUNCH OF THE BRITISH TELECOM GATEWAY SERVICE IS DESCRIBED AND THE FUTURE OF VIEWDATA CONSIDERED. ******************************************** Document 3420 PRIVATE VIEWDATA SYSTEMS-A CONTRIBUTION TO THE ELECTRONIC OFFICE. A VIEWDATA SYSTEM BRINGS TOGETHER COMPUTER, TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND MICROPROCESSOR TECHNOLOGY TO PROVIDE THE ELECTRONIC OFFICE WITH A CHEAP, USER ORIENTED INFORMATION DISTRIBUTION SERVICE. A PRIVATE VIEWDATA SYSTEM OFFERS FACILITIES FOR DISTRIBUTION OF INFORMATION OF A MORE SPECIALISED NATURE THAN IS AVAILABLE ON PUBLIC SYSTEMS SUCH AS PRESTEL, TOGETHER WITH COMPLETE CONTROL OF THE SYSTEM, WHICH COULD, FOR EXAMPLE, AUTOMATICALLY UPDATE PAGES OF STOCK LEVEL INFORMATION AS ORDERS ARE ENTERED. THIS MERGES THE CONCEPTS OF VIEWDATA WITH THOSE OF THE CONVENTIONAL OFFICE COMPUTER. AIMS TO HIGHLIGHT THE USE OF PRIVATE VIEWDATA SYSTEMS FOR INFORMATION CONCENTRATION AND DISTRIBUTION. ******************************************** Document 3421 VIEWDATA-THE IMPLICATIONS FOR EDUCATION. EXAMINES SOME OF THE IMPLICATIONS OF VIEWDATA FOR EDUCATION, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE POST OFFICE'S PRESTEL SYSTEM. EXPERIMENTS BY POST OFFICE RESEARCHERS HAVE INCLUDED SIMULATIONS, MULTIPLE CHOICE TESTING AND GRADED QUIZZES. THESE ACTIVITIES ARE NOT AVAILABLE ON THE PUBLIC SYSTEM YET, BUT INTERACTIVE LEARNING IS EXPECTED TO TAKE PRIORITY IN FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS. ******************************************** Document 3422 THE NEW BILDSCHIRMTEXT (IN GERMAN). THE NEW MEDIA COMMITTEE OF THE BORSENVEREIN DES DEUTSCHEN-BUCHHANDELS (WEST GERMAN BOOK TRADE ASSOCIATION) HAVE INITIATED A DISCUSSION WITH 50 BOOK AND NEWSPAPER PUBLISHERS ON THEIR OPINIONS OF THE BILDSCHIRMTEXT (VIEWDATA) TESTS WHICH HAVE BEEN CONTINUING OVER THE PAST YEAR. ******************************************** Document 3423 VISUAL DESIGN OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS. THE MOSAIK PROGRAM WHICH IS USED FOR THE GERMAN BILDSCHIRMTEXT VIEWDATA SYSTEM IS DESCRIBED. A FIELD TEST IS PLANNED TO START IN JUNE 80 AND CONTINUE FOR ONE YEAR. THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE PROGRAM AND REASONS FOR ITS PARTICULAR CHARACTERISTICS ARE DISCUSSED. EXAMPLES OF SCREEN DISPLAYS ARE GIVEN. ******************************************** Document 3424 IN FRANCE ITS TELETEL. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF THE VIDEOTEX TEST CARRIED OUT IN FRANCE, CALLED THE TELETEL 3V TEST, IN WHICH 2,500 VOLUNTEER HOUSES ARE LINKED TO A NATIONWIDE NETWORK OF INFORMATION SERVICES. TELETEL IS BASED ON FRANCE'S ANTIOPE STANDARD AND IN THE TEST THERE ARE 60,000 PRECOMPOSED PAGES WHICH CAN BE ACCESSED BY THE USER, WHO IS LINKED BY TELEPHONE LINES TO CII-HONEYWELL BULL MINI 6 COMPUTERS IN THE TELETEL COMPUTER CENTRE IN VELIZY. THE REACTION OF SOME OF THE TEST USERS IS REPORTED. ******************************************** Document 3425 A LOW COST TERMINAL FOR THE 1980'S' PROJECT GREEN THUMB. THE USA GOVERNMENT IS FUNDING A VIDEOTEXT FARM INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (FIRS) USING INEXPENSIVE HOME TERMINALS. A DETAILED ACCOUNT IS GIVEN OF THE HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE INVOLVED. THE FUNCTIONS OF THE STATE AND THE COUNTY COMPUTERS ARE EXPLAINED. THESE ARE ACCESSED THROUGH A TERMINAL OR GREEN THUMB BOX. THE ORGANISATION OF DATA IN THE SYSTEM IS DESCRIBED. THE FIRS SYSTEM IS CURRENTLY BEING TESTED AND PRELIMINARY DATA INDICATES THAT THE SYSTEM IS BEING USED ON A DAILY BASIS. ******************************************** Document 3426 PROJECT GREEN THUMB PILOT' INFORMATION HARVEST FOR FARMERS. A JOINT PROJECT TO PROVIDE KENTUCKY FARMERS WITH WEATHER, MARKETING AND AGRICULTURAL INFORMATION USING A VIDEOTEX PROGRAMME IS DISCUSSED. THE WAY THE SPECIFICATIONS FOR FARMER TERMINALS AND COUNTY COMPUTERS SERVING THE TERMINALS WERE DETERMINED, THE PROTOTYPE SOFTWARE SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR THE TEST WAS DEVELOPED AND A 2 COUNTY TEST WITH 100 FARMERS PER COUNTY WAS CONDUCTED ARE DESCRIBED. PROVISION OF THE NEEDED PROJECT INFORMATION TO PERMIT EVALUATION OF THE USEFULNESS AND ACCEPTABILITY OF THE INFORMATION AND DISSEMINATION SYSTEM IS ALSO DISCUSSED. EXTENSION OF THE PILOT TRIAL AND PLANS FOR PHASE 2 OF THE GREEN THUMB SYSTEMS ARE DESCRIBED. ******************************************** Document 3427 TELESOFTWARE' PRESTEL INITIATIVE WILL REMOVE THE BARRIERS. PRESTEL HAS PROVIDED THE INITIAL IMPETUS FOR ESTABLISHING A NATIONAL COMPUTERISED INFORMATION SERVICE AND HAS CAUSED A GREAT INCREASE IN THE AVAILABILITY OF CHEAP MODEMS. ARGUES THAT TELESOFTWARE (INVOLVING THE AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION OF PROGRAMS AND DATA TO MICROCOMPUTERS) COULD BE 1 OF THE MOST IMPORTANT DEVELOPMENTS IN SOFTWARE DISTRIBUTION FOR HOBBYISTS, EDUCATION AND BUSINESS USERS. AFTER BRIEFLY DESCRIBING A TELESOFTWARE SYSTEM DEVELOPED BY THE COUNCIL FOR EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY, SUGGESTS HOW A REALISTIC TELESOFTWARE SERVICE COULD EVOLVE ON PRESTEL. ******************************************** Document 3428 INTELLIGENT VIEWDATA TERMINALS FOR BUSINESS APPLICATIONS. AN ADVANCED TYPE OF VIEWDATA TERMINAL IS DESCRIBED WHICH HAS APPLICATIONS IN AN ELECTRONIC OFFICE SYSTEM. THE TERMINAL SUPPLEMENTS THE USUAL VIEWDATA TERMINAL FEATURES OF COLOUR DISPLAY, GRAPHICS CAPABILITY AND TELEPHONE NETWORK COMMUNICATION, BY SIGNIFICANTLY ENHANCED MEMORY STORAGE AND PROCESSING FACILITIES, AND IS REFERRED TO AS AN INTELLIGENT TERMINAL. A SPECIFIC FEATURE OF THE INTELLIGENT TERMINAL IS ITS ABILITY TO RUN PROGRAMMES WHICH ARE STORED ON A CENTRAL COMPUTER. HARDWARE, SOFTWARE AND USER CHARACTERISTICS WHICH DISTINGUISH THE TERMINAL ARE DESCRIBED AND COMPARED WITH THOSE OF EXISTING VIEWDATA TERMINALS. SEVERAL APPLICATIONS OF AN INTELLIGENT VIEWDATA TERMINAL IN THE ELECTRONIC OFFICE ARE PRESENTED. ******************************************** Document 3429 TELETEXT AND THE CONSUMER. 3 YEARS RESEARCH AMONG 600 OWNERS AND RENTERS OF TELETEXT EQUIPPED TVS MADE BY PHILIPS VIDEO IS REPORTED. THE SURVEY WAS DESIGNED TO ASSESS USAGE OF THE SYSTEM AND OBTAIN CONSUMER'S OPINIONS OF THE SERVICE. SALES AND PRICES OF EQUIPMENT ARE DISCUSSED AND COLLECTION OF SURVEY DATA DESCRIBED. FINDINGS RELATED TO SOCIAL CLASS, AGE, AND TV VIEWING HABITS OF TELETEXT USERS ARE PRESENTED AND TELETEXT VIEWING HABITS RELATED TO WEEKLY USAGE, CHANNELS WATCHED, MOST POPULAR PAGES, AND PROBLEMS EXPERIENCED ARE DISCUSSED. AN ASSESSMENT OF THE AWARENESS AND UNDERSTANDING OF TELETEXT BY THE GENERAL PUBLIC IS ALSO PRESENTED. ******************************************** Document 3430 IN SEARCH OF THE ORACLE. FROM ITS BEGINNINGS, THE EDUCATIONAL POTENTIAL OF TELETEXT HAS BEEN RECOGNISED. TRACES THE DEVELOPMENT OF TELETEXT USE IN EDUCATION AND INCLUDES DETAILS OF EARLY CEEFAX TRIALS, SPECIAL SERVICES FOR THE DEAF, A TELESOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT PROJECT RUN BY BRIGHTON POLYTECHNIC, AND THE BBC'S COMPUTER LITERACY PROJECT. ******************************************** Document 3431 ANTIOPE TELETEXT CAPTIONING. DIGITAL CAPTIONING CAN BE USED IN TELETEXT SYSTEMS AND THE ADVANTAGES OF THIS TECHNIQUE OVER CONVENTIONAL CAPTIONING ARE EXPLAINED. DIDON IS USED BY ANTIOPE FOR CAPTIONING. THE USER SELECTS THE PAGE REQUIRED AND THE CAPTIONS CAN BE TRANSMITTED IN A VARIETY OF FORMATS AND LANGUAGES. THE CAPTIONS MAY BE SITUATED ANYWHERE ON THE TELETEXT PAGE AND MAY APPEAR IN DIFFERENT PLACES ON THE SCREEN AT DIFFERENT TIMES. ******************************************** Document 3432 PLAYCABLE' A TECHNOLOGICAL ALTERNATIVE FOR INFORMATION SERVICES. THE PLAYCABLE SYSTEM HAS BEEN DEVELOPED TO ALLOW ACCESS TO SOFTWARE PROGRAMS VIA A HOME TERMINAL AND A TELEVISION. THE TELETEXT AND ANTIOPE SYSTEMS ARE BRIEFLY DESCRIBED, AND THE ADVANTAGES OF PLAYCABLE OVER THESE ARE EXPLAINED. THE SYSTEM CONSISTS OF A COMPUTER AND CABLE ADAPTOR AND A MASTER TERMINAL. SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS SHOW HOW THESE ARE CONNECTED. FIELD TRIALS ARE IN OPERATION TO TEST THE TECHNOLOGY AND ITS MARKET POTENTIAL. ******************************************** Document 3433 THOUGHTS ON THE USE OF TELETEXT IN LIBRARIANSHIP. TELETEXT (BILDSCHIRMTEXT) WAS 1ST SHOWN TO THE GERMAN PUBLIC BY THE FEDERAL POSTAL SERVICES IN 1977. A COMPARISON IS MADE BETWEEN TELETEXT, VIDEO TEXT AND 2-WAY CABLE TELEVISION. TELETEXT IS PARTICULARLY USEFUL IN LIBRARIES; THE EQUIPMENT CAN BE USED DIRECTLY BY READERS AND INFORMATION CAN BE OBTAINED FROM IT AT ANY TIME. SINCE TELETEXT IS A TEXT MEDIUM FOR THE SPEEDY PROVISION OF TOPICAL INFORMATION IT PRESENTS NO THREAT TO THE BOOK, A MEDIUM FOR READING. TELETEXT IS ALSO USEFUL IN LIBRARY REQUEST AND LOAN PROCEDURES AND ITS USE CAN BE IMPLEMENTED IN STAGES, RESULTING IN THE REDUCTION OF COSTS FOR WORK PROCEDURES AND INFORMATION PROVISION. TELETEXT CONTAINS FEWER ERRORS THAN PRINTED MATERIAL. ******************************************** Document 3434 DEVELOPMENT OF AN APPLICATION SOFTWARE FOR ON-LINE INFORMATION RETRIEVAL. A SOFTWARE PACKAGE HAS BEEN DEVELOPED FOR ON-LINE SEARCHING THE INSPEC DATA BASE. CARE HAS BEEN TAKEN TO MAINTAIN THE PORTABILITY OF THE PACKAGE SO THAT IT CAN BE RUN ON ANY THIRD GENERATION COMPUTER SYSTEM. DETAILS OF THE PACKAGE AND ITS UTILISATION FOR SDI SERVICE HAVE BEEN DESCRIBED. ******************************************** Document 3435 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH VISIT AND AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE MEETING, NEW YORK CITY. US TRIP REPORT-NOVEMBER 1978. IN NOV 78 THE BRITISH LIBRARY FUNDED A VISIT TO PITTSBURGH UNIVERSITY TO SEE AT 1ST HAND THE OPERATION OF THE COMPUTER AIDED LEARNING AND SIMULATION PACKAGES DEVELOPED FOR TEACHING ON-LINE INFORMATION RETRIEVAL. ******************************************** Document 3436 DATA RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS AND INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING. DESCRIBES PROBLEM AREAS IN THE ECONOMICS OF DATA BASE VENDING, BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA BASE PUBLISHING AND PRIMARY JOURNAL ARTICLE PUBLISHING. DISCUSSES DATA BASE HOSTS; DEVELOPMENTS IN THE DATA BASE PUBLISHING INDUSTRY; LINKING TEXTS AND GRAPHICS; INTEGRATED DATA BASE PUBLISHING; AND RESEARCH IN DOCUMENT DELIVERY, INCLUDING A DESCRIPTION OF THE ADONIS CONCEPT. CONCLUDES THAT A MUCH CLOSER RELATIONSHIP NEEDS TO BE FORGED BETWEEN DATA BASE PUBLISHERS, LIBRARIANS AND END USERS TO ALERT, AT THE EARLIEST POSSIBLE STAGE, ANY MISMATCH BETWEEN APPLICATION OF TECHNOLOGY AND USER ACCEPTABILITY. ALSO STRESSES THE NEED FOR USEFUL AND APPROPRIATE STANDARDS. ******************************************** Document 3437 RELATIVE IMPACT OF PRINT AND DATABASE PRODUCTS ON DATABASE PRODUCER EXPENSES AND INCOME-TRENDS FOR DATABASE PRODUCER ORGANIZATIONS BASED ON A THIRTEEN YEAR FINANCIAL ANALYSIS. A 13-YEAR ANALYSIS OF THE FINANCES OF A MAJOR DATA BASE PRODUCER ORGANISATION, WHICH IS ALSO A PUBLISHER OF ABSTRACTING AND INDEXING PRODUCTS, INDICATES TRENDS REGARDING THE IMPACT THAT BOTH PRINTED PRODUCTS AND DATA BASE PRODUCTS HAVE ON THE FINANCIAL STATUS OF THE ORGANISATION. THE QUESTION OF 'MIGRATION' (FROM PRINTED TO ON-LINE DATA BASE PRODUCTS) AND THE FACT THAT EXPENSES HAVE INCREASED MORE THAN INCOME ARE DISCUSSED AS THEY RELATE TO THE SURVIVAL OR GROWTH OF DATA BASE ORGANISATIONS. SINCE THE DATA BASE HAS GONE ON-LINE, THERE HAVE BEEN SIGNIFICANT INCREASES IN THE DATA BASE REVENUE, CONNECT HOURS, AND NUMBERS OF ON-LINE USERS. AT THE SAME TIME, THERE HAVE BEEN DECREASES IN THE NUMBER OF DATA BASE LEASES AND LICENCES, THE NUMBER OF PRINT PRODUCT SUBSCRIPTIONS, AND THE EXCESS OF INCOME OVER EXPENSES. IN CONSTA NT DOLLARS, THE COST OF PRODUCING AN ABSTRACT HAS DECREASED, THE SUBSCRIPTION CHARGE FOR PRINTED PRODUCTS HAS INCREASED ONLY SLIGHTLY, THE LEASE AND LICENSE FEES HAVE DECREASED, ROYALTY CHARGES HAVE INCREASED, AND HOURLY CONNECT FEES HAVE REMAINED STEADY (EVEN THOUGH THE SIZE OF THE ON-LINE FILE HAS INCREASED GREATLY). THE PROBLEM IS THAT OF MAINTAINING A BALANCED FINANCIAL STATUS IN LIGHT OF INCREASED INCOME FROM ONE CLASS OF PRODUCTS, DECREASED INCOME FROM ANOTHER CLASS OF PRODUCTS, AND INCREASED COST OF OPERATION. POSSIBLE APPROACHES TO ENSURE ECONOMIC VIABILITY ARE CONSIDERED IN TERMS OF EXPENSES, EFFICIENCY OF OPERATION, MARKETING, PRODUCTS, SERVICES, AND PRICING. THE MOST PROMISING APPROACHES LIE IN THE AREAS OF PRICING AND DEVELOPMENT OF NEW PRODUCTS AND SERVI CES. THE POSSIBILITY OF DEVELOPING A CONSORTIUM OF DATA BASE PRODUCERS FOR OFFERING ON-LINE SERVICES IS PROPOSED. THERE APPEARS TO BE NO ALTERNATIVE TO INCREASING THE PRICES FOR ON-LINE USERS. ******************************************** Document 3438 BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA BASES IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS AND TRENDS. DESCRIBES THE HISTORY, COMPOSITION, COSTS AND DEVELOPMENT OF DATA BASES, PARTICULARLY THOSE COVERING THE SOCIAL SCIENCES USED IN THE USA. SUMMARISES THE HUNGARIAN POSITION IN THIS FIELD AND STRESSES THAT THE USE OF SUCH DATA BASES IS STILL AT AN EARLY STAGE. AN INCREASE AND COORDINATION OF EFFORT IN THIS AREA IS ESSENTIAL IN ORDER TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THE POSSIBILITIES OF INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION. ******************************************** Document 3439 CAS77 AND CAS7276' A REVIEW. DESCRIBES THE CONTENT, ORGANISATION, SPECIFICATIONS, AND METHODS OF USE OF THE CAS77 AND CAS7276 ON-LINE FILES OF WORLDWIDE CHEMICAL LITERATURE, PRODUCED BY CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE AND AVAILABLE FROM SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION (SDC). THE SCOPE OF THE DATA BASES, THEIR UNIT RECORD, DATA ELEMENTS, MODES OF SUBJECT SEARCHING, AVAILABLE USER AIDS, AND CHARGES TO USERS ARE DETAILED. TABLES IDENTIFY DIRECTLY SEARCHABLE DATA ELEMENTS PROVIDED BY SDC AND DATA BASE SPECIFICATIONS FOR THE CAS77 FILE. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 3440 EVALUATION OF DOCUMENTARY OUTPUTS FROM INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN CHEMICAL INDUSTRY. THE AIM OF THE ANALYSIS OF THE AVAILABLE SECONDARY INFORMATION SOURCES IN THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY IN CZECHOSLOVAKIA IS TO FIND A METHOD FOR THE EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE INFORMATION OBTAINED BY THE INFORMATION SYSTEMS USED. THEY ARE' CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS DATA BASE, MAGNETIC TAPE SERVICES OF CA CONDENSATES (CAC), COMPENDEX, AND THE INTERNAL BULLETIN 2SYNTHETIC RESINS 1(IN CZECH). CRITERIA CHOSEN FOR THE EVALUATION WERE AS FOLLOWS' THE TIME LAG BETWEEN THE PUBLICATION OF THE PRIMARY SOURCE AND THE CREATION OF THE SECONDARY INFORMATION; AND TOPICALITY; COMPREHENSIVENESS; INFORMATIVENESS AND SELECTIVENESS IN INFORMING; COMPREHENSIBILITY; AND PHYSICAL FORM. THE EVALUATION WAS MADE FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF A SMALL USER GROUP FROM THE APPLIED RESEARCH SECTION OF THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY. ******************************************** Document 3441 AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE FEASIBILITY OF SUBSTITUTING 2CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS1 ON-LINE FOR THE PRINTED COPY IN A MEDIUM-SIZED MEDICAL LIBRARY. IN AN ATTEMPT TO DISCOVER A MORE ECONOMICAL AND EFFECTIVE WAY OF PROVIDING THE INFORMATION IN THE PRINTED 2CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS1, THE REFERENCE STAFF OF THE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY (ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI) SCHOOL OF MEDICINE LIBRARY DESIGNED A STUDY TO EXAMINE WHETHER THE ON-LINE VERSION COULD BE SUBSTITUTED FOR THE PRINTED. FOR 13 WEEKS, PATRONS USING THE PRINTED INDEX WERE OFFERED A FREE COMPUTER SEARCH IN EXCHANGE FOR EVALUATING THE SEARCH. ONLY 39.6% ACCEPTED AND 62% OF THESE STILL PLANNED TO REFER TO THE ABSTRACTS LATER, WHICH ARE ONLY AVAILABLE IN THE PRINTED VERSION. THE HYPOTHESIS THAT THE ON-LINE VERSION COULD BE SUBSTITUTED FOR THE PRINTED INDEX WAS THUS NOT CONFIRMED. ******************************************** Document 3442 AGRICOLA. AGRICOLA (AGRICULTURAL ONLINE ACCESS) IS A FAMILY OF DATA BASES CONSISTING OF INDEXES TO WORLDWIDE JOURNAL AND MONOGRAPHIC LITERATURE AND US GOVERNMENT REPORTS ON GENERAL AGRICULTURE AND RELATED SUBJECT FIELDS. IT INCLUDES CITATIONS TO MONOGRAPHS, SERIAL TITLES AND JOURNAL ARTICLES SELECTED FROM 6,000 SERIAL TITLES FROM 1970 TO THE PRESENT, AND A FILE SIZE OF OVER 1.4 MILLION RECORDS. IT IS PREPARED BY TECHNICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS, SCIENCE AND EDUCATION ADMINISTRATION, US DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. DESCRIBES ITS SUBFILES AND A NEW VIDEOTAPE PRODUCED TO OUTLINE ITS INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND SERVICES. ******************************************** Document 3443 DATABASE OVERLAP VS. COMPLEMENTARY COVERAGE IN FORESTRY AND FOREST PRODUCTS' FACTORS IN DATABASE ACQUISITION. EXAMINES (1) SUBJECT CONTENT, (2) FILE SIZE, (3) TYPES OF DOCUMENTS INDEXED, (4) RANGE OF YEARS SPANNED, AND (5) LEVEL OF INDEXING AND ABSTRACTING IN 5 DATA BASES WHICH COLLECTIVELY PROVIDE EXTENSIVE COVERAGE OF THE FORESTRY AND FOREST PRODUCTS INDUSTRIES' AGRICOLA, 2CAB ABSTRACTS, FOREST PRODUCTS, PAPERCHEM1 AND 2PIRA ABSTRACTS1. THE EXTENT TO WHICH THESE DATA BASES OVERLAP AND COMPLEMENT EACH OTHER AND THE WAYS IN WHICH THEIR CHARACTERISTICS AFFECT DATA BASE ACQUISITION BY A COMMERCIAL ON-LINE VENDOR ARE EXPLORED. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 3444 COMPUTER-ASSISTED PRODUCTION OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATABASES IN HISTORY. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DATA BASES IN THE HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES, MADRID 16-19 JUNE 80. DESCRIBES THE USE OF A COMPUTERISED TEXT PROCESSING SYSTEM TO PRODUCE PRINTED AND ON-LINE VERSIONS OF THE BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA BASES IN HISTORY-2HISTORICAL ABSTRACTS1 AND 2AMERICA' HISTORY AND LIFE1. ABSTRACTS OR CITATIONS OF BOOKS, ARTICLES AND DISSERTATIONS ARE EDITED, SUBJECT-CLASSIFIED, AND SUBJECT AND AUTHOR-INDEXED. THE AMERICAN BIBLIOGRAPHICAL CENTER'S PROFILE INDEX IS A COMPUTER-ASSISTED, ROTATED STRING INDEX, THE VOCABULARY IS A COMBINATION OF NATURAL LANGUAGE KEY WORDS AND PREFERRED SUBJECT HEADINGS SELECTED BY EDITOR-INDEXERS. THE PROCESSING SYSTEM COMPRISES KEYBOARDING, EXTRACTION OF INDEX TERMS, EXPANSION OF ABBREVIATED INDEX TERMS TO FULL TEXT, FILE CORRECTION, SORTING AND PHOTOCOMPOSITION OF PAGES. FILES OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC ENTRIES ARE SORTED FOR USE IN 1 OR MORE DATA BASES, AND ANNUAL INDEX FILES ARE MERGED TO PRODUCT CUMULATIVE INDEXES. ******************************************** Document 3445 A COMPARISON OF TWO WEIGHTING SCHEMES FOR BOOLEAN RETRIEVAL. DESCRIBES 2 APPROACHES, TIED TOGETHER BY THEIR CONCEPTUAL BASIS IN FUZZY SET THEORY, FOR REPRESENTING WEIGHTED BOOLEAN REQUESTS. ONE REPRESENTS DIRECTLY THE IMPORTANCE OF COMPONENT BOOLEAN EXPRESSIONS TO THE USER. THE OTHER ESTABLISHES CONDITIONS THAT MUST BE MET BEFORE A DOCUMENT CAN BE RETRIEVED. BOTH MAY HAVE A PLACE IN INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS-THEIR RELATIVE STRENGTHS SHOULD APPEAR THROUGH EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION. ******************************************** Document 3446 MESSAGE EXTRACTION THROUGH ESTIMATION OF RELEVANCE. ASSOCIATIVE RETRIEVAL STRATEGIES ARE ESPECIALLY ATTRACTIVE WHEN A DATA BASE CONTAINS INFORMATION IN THE FORM OF FULL TEXT AND THE COLLECTION OF TEXTS IS LARGE AND CHANGING SO FAST THAT NO USER CAN BE FAMILIAR WITH ITS CONTENTS. THE METER (MESSAGE EXTRACTION THROUGH ESTIMATION OF RELEVANCE) SYSTEM WAS DESIGNED TO APPLY SUCH STRATEGIES EFFECTIVELY AND INEXPENSIVELY FOR A CHANGING DATA BASE OF UP TO 20,000 MESSAGES (TEXTS OR DOCUMENTS) OF ABOUT 2,000 CHARACTERS EACH, WITH NEW MESSAGES ARRIVING AT THE RATE OF 4,000-5,000 DAILY. IT RUNS ON A DEC PDP-11/45 MINICOMPUTER WITHOUT SPECIAL HARDWARE, WITH A RESPONSE TIME OF ABOUT A MINUTE FOR 5 SIMULTANEOUS USERS, AND WITH NEARLY 24 HOURS/DAY ACCESS. DESCRIBES THE SYSTEM, ITS BASIC THEORY, AND ITS EVALUATION. ******************************************** Document 3447 ESTABLISHING A BASIS FOR MAPPING NATURAL-LANGUAGE STATEMENTS ONTO A DATABASE QUERY LANGUAGE. DESCRIBES A PROJECT ON INFORMAL (NATURAL)/FORMAL (DATA BASE QUERY) LANGUAGE MAPPING. A BASIS WAS DEVELOPED FOR PROCESSING ENGLISH-LANGUAGE REQUESTS FOR INFORMATION RETRIEVAL FROM AN EXISTING DBMS (DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM). THE ROLE OF EACH WORD IN THE NATURAL-LANGUAGE QUERY WAS IDENTIFIED BY 2 SEPARATE METHODS-A LEARNING ALGORITHM AND A STATISTICAL TECHNIQUE. THE PROGRAMME WAS RUN WITH A SET OF 400 SENTENCES FROM A BASIC SCIENCE BOOK. THE RESULTS, WHICH WERE JUDGED TO BE ENCOURAGING, ARE DISCUSSED. ******************************************** Document 3448 A PROBABILISTIC ALGORITHM FOR NEAREST NEIGHBOUR SEARCHING. A DETERMINISTIC NEAREST-NEIGHBOUR SEARCH ALGORITHM IS MODIFIED SO THAT THE USER CAN SPECIFY A MAXIMUM TOLERABLE LEVEL OF ERROR. THIS TOLERANCE ALLOWS CERTAIN ASPECTS OF THE ALGORITHM TO BE HANDLED PROBABILISTICALLY AND THIS, IN TURN, ALLOWS AN IMPROVEMENT IN SEARCH SPEED DIRECTLY RELATED TO THE LEVEL OF ERROR PERMITTED. THUS, SEARCH TIME CAN BE TRADED OFF AGAINST SEARCH EFFECTIVENESS. RESULTS SHOW THAT THE PROBABILISTIC ALGORITHM IS SUBSTANTIALLY FASTER THAN THE DETERMINISTIC, WITH ONLY A VERY SMALL LOSS IN RETRIEVAL QUALITY. ******************************************** Document 3449 BROWSING THROUGH DATABASES. PRESENTS THE BROWSE SYSTEM, THE GOAL OF WHICH IS TO PROVIDE BROWSING ACCESS TO DATA BASES BY BUILDING THE SEARCH HEURISTICS DIRECTLY INTO THE DATA BASE AS QUICK ACCESS PATHS BETWEEN RELATED RECORDS. ******************************************** Document 3450 COMPUTERISED INFORMATION RETRIEVAL-CLOSED OR OPEN: SOME CRITERIA FOR A CLOSED SYSTEM. DESCRIBES WHAT IS MEANT BY 'CLOSED' AND 'OPEN' COMPUTERISED INFORMATION RETRIEVAL AND THE VARIATIONS IN BETWEEN. FACTORS SUBJECT TO DIFFERENT DEGREES OF CONSTRAINT ARE: ACCESS TO DATA, ACCESS TO THE SYSTEM, IDENTITY OF USERS AND METHOD OF ACCESS TO THE SYSTEM. DISCUSSES IN DETAIL THE LEXIS LEGAL INFORMATION SYSTEM, STRESSING THE FEATURES WHICH INDICATE THAT IT IS A CLOSED SYSTEM, EXPLAINING THE RESULTANT ADVANTAGES. ******************************************** Document 3451 RETRIEVING TIME INFORMATION FROM NATURAL-LANGUAGE TEXTS. PRESENTS A PROCEDURE (DEVELOPED DURING RESEARCH IN NATURAL-LANGUAGE PROCESSING AT THE NEW YORK UNIVERSITY LINGUISTIC STRING PROJECT) TO AUTOMATICALLY RETRIEVE FROM HOSPITAL DISCHARGE SUMMARIES INFORMATION ABOUT A PATIENT'S STATE AT VARIOUS TIMES DURING A HOSPITAL STAY AND INFORMATION ABOUT PERFORMANCE OF CERTAIN MEDICAL PROCEDURES AND THEIR RESULTS. ******************************************** Document 3452 AN EXPERIMENT IN CLASSIFICATION: BASED ON WILLIAM GOFFMAN'S 'INDIRECT METHOD' OF INFORMATION RETRIEVAL. BASED ON A PAPER PREPARED FOR A CLASSIFICATION THEORY COURSE AT CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY, OHIO, A REVISED VERSION OF WHICH WAS PRESENTED AT A CANADIAN CLASSIFICATION RESEARCH GROUP CONFERENCE, LONDON, ONTARIO, MAY 78. DESCRIBES AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE SUBJECT CHARACTERISTICS OF DOCUMENT CLASSES RETRIEVED USING GOFFMAN'S INDIRECT METHOD; HOW THESE CLASSES ARE SIMILAR TO, OR DIFFERENT FROM, THE CLASSES OBTAINED WHEN A FACETED CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM IS APPLIED TO THE SAME SET OF DOCUMENTS; AND THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CLUSTERS OF TERMS WHICH INTER-RELATE A DEFINABLE CLASS OF DOCUMENTS. A RANDOM SAMPLE OF 101 ENTRIES IN THE SUBJECT INDEXING SECTION OF 2LISA1, 1976, WERE USED. THE RESULTS INDICATE THAT THE INDIRECT METHOD COULD HAVE SOME MERIT IN SEARCH STRATEGIES IN COMPUTERISED INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS BASED ON KEYWORDS OR A CONTROLLED VOCABULARY. ******************************************** Document 3453 INTRA COMPANY COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS. ATTEMPTS TO ILLUSTRATE THE NEED FOR CONSIDERABLE IMPROVEMENT IN EXISTING COMPANY COMMUNICATIONS AS OFFICE AUTOMATION PROCEEDS. THE INCREASED USE OF VIDEO DISPLAY UNITS WILL INCREASE THE NEED FOR HIGH SPEED DATA TRANSFERS AND THE CENTRAL STORAGE OF GENERAL DATA MADE READILY ACCESSIBLE TO EACH USER BY HIS OWN TERMINAL WILL PLACE MORE PRESSURE ON COMPANY COMMUNICATION NETWORKS AND DEMANDS A VAST IMPROVEMENT OVER EXISTING INSTALLATIONS. EXAMINES VARIOUS ALTERNATIVES IN TERMS OF THEIR TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS, VIABILITY AND RELATIVE COSTS. ******************************************** Document 3454 TELEMATICS AND LONG-DISTANCE TRANSMISSION (IN FRENCH). THE DEVELOPMENT OF TELEMATICS IN FRANCE IS ANALYSED. ANALOGUE AND DIGITAL TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS ARE CONSIDERED ALONG WITH THE STATE-OF-THE-ART IN CABLE TV, SATELLITE TRANSMISSION, TELEX, FACSIMILE TRANSMISSION, TELECONFERENCING, TELETEXT AND VIEWDATA, ELECTRONIC FUNDS TRANSFER AND A NEW DEVELOPMENT IN TELEPHONE SETS. THE HISTORY OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS VIA ORBITAL SATELLITES IS ALSO OUTLINED. ******************************************** Document 3455 AUTOMATED OFFICE, NOT QUITE HERE YET. THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE AUTOMATED OFFICE IS CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF A RECENT IDC EUROCAST STUDY; 2AUTOMATED OFFICE OVERVIEWED WESTERN EUROPE1. OVER THE NEXT DECADE, THE MAIN GROWTH WILL BE IN WORD PROCESSING EQUIPMENT, PABX, ELECTRONIC MAIL, INTELLIGENT COPIERS AND, EVENTUALLY, INTEGRATED SYSTEMS. THE MAIN MARKETS WILL BE IN WEST GERMANY, FRANCE AND THE UK; THESE COUNTRIES WILL ACCOUNT FOR 2/3 OF THE EUROPEAN MARKET. A PROFILE OF THE OFFICE OF 1990 IS INCLUDED AND SOFTWARE OPTIONS, AND EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL COMMUNICATIONS ARE DISCUSSED. THE EUROPEAN MARKET IS COMPARED AND CONTRASTED WITH THE USA MARKETPLACE. ******************************************** Document 3456 INFORMATION HANDLING IN THE OFFICE OF THE FUTURE. INFORMATION HANDLING IN THE OFFICE OF THE 1980S WILL ASSUME NEW CONCEPTUAL DIMENSIONS, AS THE POWER, ECONOMY AND USER-EMPATHY OF A NEW GENERATION OF MICROPROCESSOR-BASED EQUIPMENT OPEN UP NEW AVENUES OF SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATIONS POTENTIAL. DISCUSSES INCREASING ECONOMY AND RELIABILITY OF COMPUTERS, USER-EMPATHY, INTEGRATED INFORMATION HANDLING AND COMMUNICATION. HOMOGENISING THE CORPORATE INFORMATION RESOURCE, AND DEVISING SYSTEMS TO MAKE IT UNIVERSALLY AVAILABLE AND ACCEPTABLE TO EACH POTENTIAL USER AT THE LEVEL REQUIRED AND IS AUTHORISED TO WORK AT, CALLS FOR A NEW BREED OF INFORMATION SCIENTIST-CUM-DIPLOMAT NOT YET SEEN ON ANY EXTANT CORPORATE SCENARIO. ******************************************** Document 3457 CORPORATE PLANNING AND THE ELECTRONIC OFFICE. REVIEWS FUNDAMENTAL ACTIVITIES OF DEPARTMENTS COMPRISING A TYPICAL MANUFACTURING COMPANY AND DEVELOPS THE THEME FOR ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTER BASED AIDS FOR RE-SHAPING THE GENERAL ADMINISTRATION FUNCTIONS OF SUCH A COMPANY. AN ANALYSIS OF THE CONTRIBUTION MADE TO A COMPANY OPERATION BY SUCH SPECIALISTS AS SALES ENGINEERS, DESIGNERS, PLANNING, TOOLING ENGINEERS AND ACCOUNTANTS SHOWS THAT OFFICES ARE TRADITIONALLY DESIGNED TO HANDLE THE GENERATION, TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE OF PAPER. THE ADVENT OF THE COMPUTER, V.D.U. AND TELEVISION LINK HAVE CHALLENGED THE ROLE OF PAPER AS A COMMUNICATION MEDIUM. A TYPICAL ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE, ARISING FROM DEVELOPMENT OF SUCH A SCHEME IS SUGGESTED TOGETHER WITH A BLOCK SCHEMATIC OF A TYPICAL REMOTELY MANNED INTERACTIVE DATA TERMINAL THAT WILL ENABLE STAFF TO WORK FROM HOME IF REQUIRED. THE RAMIFICATIONS OF EMPLOYMENT METHODS, PROJECT MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS, MOTIVATION AND POSSIBLE METHODS OF REMUNERATION ARE DI SCUSSED. ******************************************** Document 3458 HUMAN FACTOR ASPECT OF THE ELECTRONIC OFFICE. RADICAL CHANGES CAN RESULT FROM THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW OFFICE TECHNOLOGY INTO THE WORKPLACE. SUCH CHANGES, IF BROUGHT ABOUT WITHOUT CONCERN FOR THE NEEDS OF THE USER, WILL ALMOST CERTAINLY RESULT IN NON OPTIMUM PERFORMANCE AND AN INADEQUATE RETURN ON A SUBSTANTIAL INVESTMENT. STUDIES THE INTERFACE BETWEEN THE USER AND THE SYSTEM AND HAS MUCH TO OFFER IN ALLEVIATING THE PROBLEMS WHICH ARISE WHEN THAT INTERFACE UNDERGOES CHANGE. POTENTIALLY TROUBLESOME AREAS ARE IDENTIFIED AND THE APPROPRIATE HUMAN FACTORS ASPECTS EXPLAINED. THESE AREAS ARE' VISUAL DISPLAYS, ENTERING THE INFORMATION, WORKSTATION DESIGN, INSTRUCTIONS, AND INTRODUCTION OF NEW TECHNOLOGY. ******************************************** Document 3459 HUMAN CHOICES IN THE OFFICE OF THE FUTURE. A KEY FACTOR IN THE WIDESPREAD ACCEPTANCE AND USE OF COMPLEX OFFICE INFORMATION SYSTEMS WILL BE THE HUMAN FACTORS OF THE SYSTEM. MENTIONS SOME OF THE LIKELY PROBLEM AREAS AND BRIEFLY DISCUSSES THE RELEVANT HUMAN FACTORS TECHNIQUES FOR SOLVING THESE PROBLEMS. THE USER IS THE MOST IMPORTANT COMPONENT AND HIS REACTIONS TO THE SYSTEM WILL DECIDE WHETHER ITS INTRODUCTION IS A SUCCESS OR FAILURE. ******************************************** Document 3460 THE ELECTRONIC OFFICE AND THE QUALITY OF WORKING LIFE. IT IS COMMONLY CLAIMED THAT THE APPLICATION OF NEW TECHNOLOGY TO THE OFFICE REDUCES ROUTINE LABOUR AND FREES THE EMPLOYEE FOR MORE CREATIVE WORK. DISPUTES THIS CLAIM BY EXAMINING IN DETAIL THE EFFECTS OF AUTOMATED SYSTEMS ON THE JOB CONTENT AND JOB SATISFACTION OF 2 TYPES OF CLERICAL JOBS' PRODUCTION CONTROL AND TELE-SALES. THE SOURCE OF THE DECLINE IN THE QUALITY OF WORKING LIFE IN THESE 2 AREAS IS LOCATED NOT IN THE TECHNOLOGY ITSELF BUT MANAGEMENT AIMS AND METHODS IN ITS IMPLEMENTATION. SUGGESTS POSSIBLE ALTERNATIVE METHODS OF WORK ORGANISATION. ******************************************** Document 3461 THE 'ELECTRONIC OFFICE'-THE IMPACT OF ORGANISATIONAL AND BEHAVIOURAL FACTORS. DISCUSSES FACTORS PROMOTING CHANGE IN THE OFFICE ENVIRONMENT-GOVERNMENTAL ENCOURAGEMENT, TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENTS, GREATER EFFICIENCY FOR ORGANISATIONS, SUPPLIERS AND THE RESIDENTIAL MARKET. ALSO DESCRIBES ATTITUDINAL, ORGANISATIONAL, ECONOMIC AND REGULATORY FACTORS AGAINST TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE. OUTLINES PRESSURES ON ORGANISATIONS TO ADOPT NEW METHODS AND THE ROLE OF THE GOVERNMENT. CONCLUDES THAT IN THE NEXT DECADE SOCIETY'S ATTITUDES WILL INFLUENCE ORGANISATIONAL PRACTICE AND THE GOVERNMENT, WHO WILL CARRY THE MAJOR RESPONSIBILITY TO ENSURE THAT ANY NEGATIVE SIDE EFFECTS ARE PROPERLY DEALT WITH. ******************************************** Document 3462 OFFICE SYSTEMS AND PEOPLE. OFFICES ARE ORGANISATIONAL UNITS IN WHICH INFORMATION IS PROCESSED BY PEOPLE. IT IS ESSENTIAL THAT WE UNDERSTAND THE ATTITUDES AND REQUIREMENTS OF THESE PEOPLE BEFORE WE ATTEMPT TO DESIGN SYSTEMS FOR THEM. WE NEED MODELS OF OFFICES AND OF OFFICE WORK, FOR USE AS A BASIS FOR SYSTEM DESIGN AND SYSTEM EVALUATION. MODELS CAN BE DEVELOPED THROUGH STUDIES OF OFFICES AND IN PARTICULAR THROUGH OBSERVATIONS OF HOW ELECTRONIC OFFICE SYSTEMS IMPACT OFFICE WORK. SUMMARISES RECENT RESEARCH WORK IN THESE AREAS, AND SHOWS HOW IT CAN ASSIST US IN DESIGNING SYSTEMS THAT MEET THE NEEDS OF OFFICE WORKERS. ******************************************** Document 3463 COMPUTING SERVICES ASSOCIATION STUDY ON TEXT PROCESSING. DESCRIBES A *61/3 MILLION CONSULTANCY STUDY BY THE COMPUTING SERVICES ASSOCIATION ON TEXT PROCESSING. THE PROJECT HAS 3 PARTS' PART 1-BACKGROUND RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT OF THE WORK PROGRAMME FOR TEXT PROCESSING STRATEGY STUDIES AND SELECTION OF PARTICIPANTS FOR PART 2; PART 2-UNDERTAKING INDIVIDUAL TEXT PROCESSING STRATEGY STUDIES FOR 10 MAJOR UK ORGANISATIONS; AND PART 3-SUMMARY OF RESULTS TO PRODUCE REPORTS RELEVANT TO BOTH USERS AND MANUFACTURERS OF NEW TEXT PROCESSING SYSTEMS. THE STUDY WAS SPONSORED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF TRADE. ******************************************** Document 3464 THE ELECTRONIC OFFICE. DESCRIBES THE FUNCTIONS AND EQUIPMENT OF THE FORECAST 'ELECTRONIC OFFICE' BY CONSIDERING IN FUNDAMENTAL TERMS THE FUNCTIONS OF AN 'OFFICE' AND THE WAYS IN WHICH MATURE ELECTRONIC INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY COULD BE DEPLOYED TO HELP PEOPLE CARRY OUT SUCH FUNCTIONS. CONCLUDES THAT EVEN AFTER THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROBLEMS HAVE BEEN SOLVED, THE TIMING IS LIKELY TO BE DETERMINED BY A COMMERCIAL STICK/SLIP PROCESS SO THAT FOR A LONG TIME THE NEW TECHNOLOGY WILL HAVE LITTLE IMPACT UPON NORMAL MODES OF OFFICE WORK BUT WHEN CHANGES START OCCURRING THEY WILL PROCEED FURTHER AND FASTER THAN WE WOULD LIKE. ******************************************** Document 3465 AN OFFICE INFORMATION SYSTEM DESIGN STUDY. DESCRIBES A STUDY UNDERTAKEN IN THE SUMMER OF 1979 OF THE ADMISSIONS OFFICE OF QUEEN MARY COLLEGE, UNIVERSITY OF LONDON. ITS PURPOSES WERE' TO PROVIDE A BETTER FEEL FOR THE TASKS AND PROBLEMS OF OFFICE INFORMATION PROCESSING; TO DEVELOP METHODS FOR DESCRIBING OFFICES AND THE PROCEDURES EMPLOYED TO PROCESS OFFICE INFORMATION AND TO IDENTIFY USEFUL INDICATORS OF OFFICE EFFECTIVENESS; AND TO CREATE A DATA BASE OF PROCEDURE DESCRIPTIONS FROM WHICH A DESIGN FOR AN EXPERIMENTAL COMPUTER BASED SYSTEM COULD BE DRAWN AND TESTED FOR FUNCTIONAL COMPLETENESS. INTRODUCES PROBLEMS THAT DESIGNERS OF THE ELECTRONIC OFFICE MUST CONSIDER AND SUGGESTS SOLUTIONS. ******************************************** Document 3466 WORD PROCESSING' AN INTRODUCTION. THE INTRODUCTORY REVIEW OF WORD PROCESSING, ITS DEVELOPMENT AND TERMINOLOGY, IS FOLLOWED BY REVIEWS OF 4 WORD PROCESSING SYSTEMS (P 11-35, 56-61). ******************************************** Document 3467 INFORMATION-AND OFFICE TECHNOLOGY. THE PURPOSE OF THIS REPORT IS TO POINT OUT SOME EXAMPLES OF MODERN DEVELOPMENTS AND TRENDS IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, PRESENTED AT THE HANOVER FAIR 1981. EXPECIALLY CONSIDERED ARE DEVELOPMENTS IN MICROFILM, DATA- AND TEXT PROCESSING AND GENERAL OFFICE TECHNOLOGY. ******************************************** Document 3468 BRITISH RAIL'S ADMINISTRATIVE COMMUNICATIONS STRATEGY. DESCRIBES A STUDY INITIATED IN 1976 BY BRITISH RAIL TO EXAMINE WHAT AND HOW INFORMATION WAS PROCESSED, OPTIONS AVAILABLE, AND TO DESIGN AN ADMINISTRATIVE COMMUNICATIONS STRATEGY. THE OBJECTIVES WERE' INCREASED PRODUCTIVITY; COST REDUCTION, AVOIDANCE AND CONTROL; IMPROVED QUALITY OF SERVICE TO THE FUNCTIONS; IMPROVED WORK ENVIRONMENT; AND IMPROVED MANAGEMENT COMMUNICATIONS AND CONTROL. DESCRIBES THE REASONS FOR A STRATEGY TO BE ESTABLISHED, AND AIMS AND BENEFITS OF ADOPTING SUCH A STRATEGY WHICH WILL EVENTUALLY PROVIDE FOR CONVERGENCE OF TEXT AND DATA SYSTEMS AND FOR HIGH SPEED COMMUNICATIONS AND ELECTRONIC MAILING BETWEEN ALL MAJOR BR LOCATIONS. ******************************************** Document 3469 THE MICROWRITER. CURRENTLY THE MICROWRITER IS THE FOUNDATION FOR A NEW WAY OF WRITING IN ALMOST ANY ENVIRONMENT, WITH ONLY 1 HAND, AND WITH THE CAPACITY AND CAPABILITY OF BEING ABLE TO STORE, RETRIEVE, EDIT, FORMAT AND TRANSMIT WRITTEN INFORMATION EITHER AS THE PRINTED WORD, OR IN CONVERTIBLE MACHINE LANGUAGE. SEPARATED FROM THE MICROWRITER, THE 5 FINGER KEYBOARD COULD BE FITTED TO CONVENTIONAL EQUIPMENT, SUCH AS TYPEWRITERS, WORD PROCESSING UNITS, TELEX AND COMPUTERS, GIVING ACCESS TO NUMEROUS PEOPLE WHO HAVE THE AUTHORITY AND NEED TO COMMUNICATE DIRECTLY WITH THE EQUIPMENT, BUT ARE UNABLE TO MASTER THE OPERATION OF THE QWERTY KEYBOARD EFFICIENTLY! IN THESE CASES THE MICROWRITER KEYBOARD WILL BE A PERIPHERAL IN ADDITION TO THE NORMAL KEYBOARD, AND THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EQUIPMENT WILL OPERATE IN THE NORMAL WAY. ******************************************** Document 3470 A STUDY OF THE ARMY'S WORD PROCESSING PROGRAM WITH CASES. DEMONSTRATES POTENTIAL ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES THAT COULD RESULT FROM THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A WORD PROCESSING/ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT SYSTEM. A MODEL IS PRESENTED ON PLANNING, IMPLEMENTING, AND MAINTAINING A WORD PROCESSING/ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT SYSTEM. A COMPARISON IS MADE OF THE GUIDANCE CONTAINED IN AR 340-8 AND THE GUIDANCE CONTAINED IN THE CURRENT WORD PROCESSING LITERATURE AS PERTAINS TO THE ACTIVITIES PRESENTED IN THE MODEL. ******************************************** Document 3471 VISUAL ASPECTS OF THE ELECTRONIC OFFICE. SOME OF THE VISUAL TASKS INVOLVED IN USING A VDT DIFFER IN KIND FROM THOSE ENCOUNTERED IN A TRADITIONAL OFFICE. THE SELF-LUMINOUS NATURE OF THE SCREEN CHARACTERS AND THE 3 TASK AREAS OF SOURCE MATERIAL, KEYBOARD AND SCREEN PRESENT A CHALLENGE TO THE LIGHTING DESIGNER AND ERGONOMIST. SUITABLE COMBINATIONS OF LIGHT SOURCE AND LUMINAIRE AND THE RELATIVE LOCATIONS OF ALL THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED CAN PROVIDE ACCEPTABLE SOLUTIONS BUT DUE RECOGNITION SHOULD BE PAID TO THE OPHTHALMIC REQUIREMENTS OF OPERATORS. ******************************************** Document 3472 DISPLAY TECHNOLOGIES FOR OFFICE SYSTEMS. CONSIDERS THE REQUIREMENTS FOR AN IDEAL OFFICE DISPLAY AND COMPARES CRT (CATHODE RAY TUBES) WITH MATRIX DISPLAYS TO SEE HOW CLOSELY THEY CAN MEET REQUIREMENTS. THE CRT CAN MEET THE DISPLAY FUNCTION REQUIREMENTS BUT IS NOT IDEAL IN SPACE TAKEN, POWER AND WEIGHT. NO OTHER DISPLAY TECHNOLOGY CAN MEET THE RANGE OF FUNCTION REQUIRED BUT THEY HAVE ATTRACTIONS IN SIZE AND SHAPE AND AS TECHNOLOGIES IMPROVE MAY MEET THE FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS. ******************************************** Document 3473 DISPLAY SYSTEMS IN THE ELECTRONIC OFFICE. DESCRIBES 2 RESEARCH PROJECTS BASED IN THE COMPUTER SYSTEMS LABORATORY AT QUEEN MARY COLLEGE, UNIVERSITY OF LONDON. ONE PROJECT, ALREADY COMPLETED, HAS PRODUCED A NEW PIECE OF HARDWARE-THE 'Q.M.C. TEXT TERMINAL'-WHICH IS A DISPLAY SYSTEM INCORPORATING 2 PROCESSORS WHICH ARE ENTIRELY DEVOTED TO PROVIDING A HIGHLY USER-ORIENTED DISPLAY OF TEXTUAL INFORMATION. THE OTHER PROJECT, STILL IN PROGRESS, AIMS TO DEVELOP A RADICALLY NEW DISPLAY PROCESSOR TECHNOLOGY, THE HOPE BEING THAT IT WILL INCREASE SIGNIFICANTLY THE SPEED OF IMAGE GENERATION IN BITMAP DISPLAY SYSTEMS. ******************************************** Document 3474 TELECOMMUNICATIONS IN THE ELECTRONIC OFFICE. THE WORK STATION OF THE EXECUTIVE OF THE FUTURE WILL EVOLVE FROM THE COMMUNICATING WORD PROCESSOR (CWP) AND WILL INCORPORATE THE BASIC FACILITIES PROVIDED BY THE CWP FOR INPUT, TEXT DISPLAY, TEXT MANIPULATION, HARD COPY OUTPUT AND COMMUNICATION. THE ENHANCEMENT OF THESE FACILITIES WILL RESULT FROM THE ADDITION OF FEATURES CURRENTLY FOUND IN STAND ALONE DEVICES. DESCRIBES SOME OF THE MORE LIKELY DEVELOPMENTS THAT WILL EMERGE FOR INPUT, STORAGE AND OUTPUT. ALSO DISCUSSES COMMUNICATION AND NETWORK SERVICES AND STANDARDISATION. ******************************************** Document 3475 THE EXTENSION OF COMPUTER INTELLIGENCE. THE RATE OF TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE WILL BE ACCELERATED BY THE DEVELOPMENT OF MICROPROCESSORS. FURTHER DEVELOPMENT WILL LEAD TO THE INTEGRATION AND EXTENSION OF MANY OF THE TOOLS OF TODAY. A COROLLARY OF THIS WILL BE THAT THE INTELLIGENCE OF THE LARGE COMPUTERS WILL NOW APPEAR IN OTHER ITEMS OF EQUIPMENT WITHIN THE OFFICE ENVIRONMENT. ******************************************** Document 3476 JUSTIFYING THE ELECTRONIC OFFICE-THE NEED FOR AN 'ADDED VALUE' APPROACH. SUGGESTS THAT EMPHASIS ON THE COST-SAVING ELEMENTS OF OFFICE AUTOMATION CAN HAVE AN OVERALL NEGATIVE EFFECT ON ENTERPRISE OR ORGANISATION, AND DISCUSSES SOME APPROACHES TO AN 'ADDED VALUE' APPROACH, INCLUDING REQUIREMENTS OF ANALYSIS AND JUSTIFICATION, ANALYSIS OF MANAGERIAL WORK, CONCEPT OF PLANNED SUPPORT LEVELS AND 'DELIVERED SERVICE' JUSTIFICATION. ******************************************** Document 3477 A NEW CONCEPT FOR THE DESIGN OF A FLEXIBLE OFFICE SYSTEM. PRESENTS OFFICE AUTOMATION SYSTEMS AS AN APPLICATION OF MICROPROCESSOR BASED SYSTEMS. THE SMALL SIZE, LOW COST, AND REASONABLY HIGH POWER OF THESE SYSTEMS ENABLED THEIR USE IN AUTOMATING SOME OFFICE TASKS. PRESENTS A GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF A TYPICAL MICROPROCESSOR BASED OFFICE AUTOMATION SYSTEM, THEN DISCUSSES THE PROBLEMS ARISING IN THE DESIGN, IMPLEMENTATION, AND USE OF SUCH SYSTEMS. PROPOSES A SCHEME FOR PARTITIONING AND MODULARISING THE HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE OF THE SYSTEM, TAKING INTO CONSIDERATION THE SOLUTION OF SOME PROBLEMS OF COMPATIBILITY, PORTABILITY AND SYSTEM EXTENSIBILITY. THE PROPOSED SYSTEM CAN BE USED AS A UNIVERSAL BASIC CORE ON WHICH ONE CAN EASILY BUILD LARGER WORD PROCESSING SYSTEMS. THE USER CAN, BY HIMSELF, EXTEND HIS SYSTEM BY USING THE SAME WORD PROCESSING LANGUAGE HE USES EVERYDAY BECAUSE OF ITS SPECIAL PROPERTIES PRESENTED HERE. THE SYSTEM IS ALSO SIMPLY RECONFIGURABLE AT THE WILL OF THE USER TO EXACTLY FI T HIS NEEDS AT ANY TIME. ******************************************** Document 3478 SCRAPBOOK-A GENERAL PURPOSE INFORMATION HANDLING SYSTEM. THE ELECTRONIC OFFICE OF THE FUTURE WILL REQUIRE A SOPHISTICATED INFORMATION HANDLING FRAMEWORK ON WHICH TO BASE SUCH FACILITIES AS ELECTRONIC MAIL, FACSIMILE TRANSMISSION AND WORD PROCESSING. SCRAPBOOK REPRESENTS AN EARLY STAGE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SUCH A SYSTEM. IT PROVIDES FACILITIES FOR INFORMATION RETRIEVAL, ELECTRONIC MAIL AND WORD PROCESSING, AND MAY BE READILY ADAPTED TO INCORPORATE MORE SPECIALISED FACILITIES FOR PARTICULAR USERS. THE EMPHASIS IS ON FLEXIBILITY, SO THAT CHANGING USER REQUIREMENTS MAY BE MET WITH LITTLE OR NO REPROGRAMMING EFFORT. ******************************************** Document 3479 PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONFERENCE ON THE ELECTRONIC OFFICE' THE LONDON PENTA HOTEL, LONDON, ENGLAND, TUESDAY 22ND TO FRIDAY 25TH APRIL 1980. PROCEEDINGS OF A CONFERENCE ORGANISED BY THE INSTITUTION OF ELECTRONIC AND RADIO ENGINEERS ON THE ELECTRONIC OFFICE, IN ASSOCIATION WITH THE INSTITUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS, THE INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS, THE CHARTERED INSTITUTION OF BUILDING SERVICES AND THE BRITISH COMPUTER SOCIETY, LONDON, 22-25 APR 80. FOR ABSTRACTS OF THE INDIVIDUAL PAPERS, 2SEE1 THE FOLLOWING SERIAL NUMBERS'. ******************************************** Document 3480 PALANTYPE MACHINE SHORTHAND IN THE ELECTRONIC OFFICE. REVIEWS THE DEVELOPMENT OF A MICROPROCESSOR-BASED SPEECH TRANSCRIPTION SYSTEM FOR THE DEAF. THE EQUIPMENT CONVERTS PALANTYPE MACHINE SHORTHAND INTO ENGLISH SIMULTANEOUSLY, AND DISPLAYS THE TEXT ON A VISUAL DISPLAY FOR THE DEAF PERSON(S) TO READ. EXPERIENCE GAINED FROM TRIALS WITH DEAF BUSINESS EXECUTIVES AND AT MEETINGS ATTENDED BY THE DEAF INDICATES THAT THE SYSTEM ALSO HAS APPLICATIONS IN THE ELECTRONIC OFFICE, AND IN VERBATIM REPORTING. THESE SPECIFIC APPLICATIONS ARE DISCUSSED IN DETAIL AND COMPARIONS ARE MADE WITH CONVENTIONAL QWERTY KEYBOARD INPUT WORD PROCESSING SYSTEMS, AND WITH STENOGRAPH MACHINE SHORTHAND TRANSCRIPTION SYSTEMS DEVELOPED FOR VERBATIM REPORTING IN THE USA. ******************************************** Document 3481 SPECIAL REPORT ON COMMUNICATIONS).A SPECIAL REPORT ON NEW TECHNOLOGY IN COMMUNICATION. IS INTRODUCED WITH A SURVEY OF TECHNOLOGY NOW AVAILABLE BY ALAN BURKITT, AND CONTINUES WITH' PROBLEMS FOR NETWORKING COMPANIES SINCE THE BREAK UP OF BRITISH TELECOM'S MONOPOLY BY HELENA SURRIDGE; THE USE OF PRIVATE AUTOMATIC BRANCH EXCHANGES (PABXS) BY CHRIS BARNARD; JAPAN'S DEVELOPING LOCAL AREA NETWORKS BY ROY GARNER; AN EXPLANATION OF THE NEW XEROX LOCAL NETWORK ETHERNET BY BOB LOVERSEED; A SURVEY OF COMMUNICATIONS DEVELOPMENTS IN TOP UK COMPANIES BY JIM HORSLEY, A BRIEF LOOK AT THE CANADIAN TELECOMMUNICATIONS MANUFACTURING COMPANY MITEL BY ALAN BURKITT; AN EXPLANATION OF BRITISH TELECOM'S TELETEX FACILITIES FOR BUSINESSES BY ALAN BURKITT; INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS ORGANISATION DRAFT PROPOSALS FOR A REFERENCE MODEL FOR OPEN SYSTEMS INTERCONNECTION AND THE FIGHT BY MAKERS FOR A LOCAL NETWORK STANDARD BY PAUL MALVERN AND STEVE CONNOR; A NEW LEASE OF LIFE FOR ACOUSTIC COUPLERS BY DAVID FERRIS; A SURVEY O F EQUIPMENT AVAILABLE NOW AND IN THE NEAR FUTURE, LISTING UK AGENT, PERFORMANCE, METHOD OF TRANSMISSION AND INTERFACES BY CHRIS YOUETT; TIPS ON WHAT NETWORKS CAN OFFER AND HOW BEGINNERS SHOULD MAKE THEIR CHOICE BY CHRIS YOUETT; AND PABX FIRMS COMBINING VOICE AND DATA CAPABILITIES BY MARGARET COFFEY. ******************************************** Document 3482 WHICH ROUTE FOR ELECTRONIC MAIL?. ELECTRONIC MAIL IS LIKELY TO BECOME A MAJOR BUSINESS APPLICATION OVER THE NEXT FEW YEARS, BUT THE FORM IT WILL TAKE IS LESS CLEAR. SYSTEMS BASED AROUND FACSIMILE OR COMMUNICATING WORD PROCESSORS COULD BE POPULAR BECAUSE WHILE TRANSMITTING LETTERS AND OTHER DOCUMENTS ELECTRONICALLY, THEY REQUIRE FEW CHANGES TO EXISTING OFFICE PROCEDURES. COMPUTER-BASED MESSAGE SYSTEMS REQUIRE CHANGES IN USER HABITS, BUT ALSO OFFER ADDITIONAL BENEFITS, E.G. IMPROVED MANAGERIAL EFFECTIVENESS AND A REDUCTION IN THE TIME SPENT ON CLERICAL TASKS. ******************************************** Document 3483 HIERARCHICAL ARCHITECTURE FOR COMPUTER MAIL SYSTEMS. AN ARCHITECTURAL MODEL FOR LARGE, DISTRIBUTED COMPUTER MAIL SYSTEMS IS PRESENTED. THIS MODEL SPECIFIES' A MINIMUM SET OF FUNCTIONAL COMPONENTS THAT SUPPORTS ALL COMPUTER MAIL FUNCTIONS; THE FUNCTIONS AND STRUCTURE OF EACH COMPONENT; THE COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL NEEDED FOR INTERPROCESS COMMUNICATION; AND THE ORGANISATION OF THE IDENTIFICATION DATA BASE USED TO SUPPORT IDENTIFICATION SERVICES IN THE ARCHITECTURE. THE COMPUTER MAIL PROTOCOL OF THE ARCHITECTURE IS SPECIFIED FOLLOWING THE FRAMEWORK OF THE REFERENCE MODEL FOR OPEN SYSTEM ARCHITECTURES PROPOSED BY THE ISO, AND EACH LAYER OF THE PROTOCOL IS DISCUSSED IN DETAIL. THE ORGANISATION OF THE IDENTIFICATION DATA BASE IS BASED ON THE SAME LAYERING CONCEPT, AND SPECIAL EMPHASIS IS GIVEN TO THE ROLE OF IDENTIFICATION SERVICES IN LARGE SYSTEMS AND THE INTERCONNECTION OF VARIOUS SYSTEMS. ******************************************** Document 3484 FONOFAX SF' AN AUTOMATIC DOCUMENT TRANSMISSION SYSTEM. THE BRITISH POST OFFICE HAS RECENTLY COMPLETED DEVELOPMENT OF AN ADVANCED STORE AND FORWARD FACSIMILE TERMINAL. IT PROVIDES FOR FAST DOCUMENT LOADING AND STORAGE, HAS MANY SOPHISTICATED FACILITIES AND OFFERS A SERVICE WITH HIGH INTEGRITY. TRANSMISSION IS EFFECTED USING STANDARD FACSIMILE METHODS TO ENSURE MAXIMUM COMPATIBILITY WITH EXISTING EQUIPMENT. ******************************************** Document 3485 THE COMMUNICATIONS REVOLUTION. PAPER PRESENTED AS THE 14TH ANNUAL LECTURE AT THE ROYAL AERONAUTICAL SOCIETY, LONDON, 9 JUN 81. DISCUSSES SOME OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE COMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION REVOLUTION' THE PROCESSES AND PHENOMENA WHICH WE VAGUELY BUT DEFINITELY FEEL ARE CHANGING SOCIETY AND OUR OUTLOOK ON SOCIETY, OUR RELATIONS TO WORK AND LEISURE, OUR RELATIONS TO EACH OTHER AND OURSELVES. ******************************************** Document 3486 AUTOMATION OF A MILITARY COMMUNICATION CENTRE. IN MILITARY OPERATIONS SECURE COMMUNICATIONS ARE REQUIRED TO ENSURE THAT INFORMATION IS TRANSFERRED SECURELY, ACCURATELY AND PROMPTLY FROM ORIGINATOR TO ADDRESSEE. MESSAGE SWITCHING SYSTEMS HAVE IMPROVED MESSAGE AND DATA HANDLING, THEREBY REDUCING TRANSIT TIMES TO A FEW MINUTES; HOWEVER, WITHIN COMMUNICATION CENTRES (COMCENS), MESSAGES ARE STILL HANDLED MANUALLY AND DELAYS OFTEN OCCUR. THE SOLUTION LIES IN THE AUTOMATION OF COMCEN ACTIVITIES AND THE PROVISION OF DIRECT COMMUNICATIONS WITH INDIVIDUAL USERS. CONSIDERS AUTOMATION IN TERMS OF PRESENT DAY TECHNOLOGY, AND ANALYSES THE MANUAL OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES AND THE FUNCTIONAL MESSAGE FLOW THROUGH THE COMCEN TO THE USERS. ******************************************** Document 3487 WRITING EFFECTIVE REPORTS. THE RESEARCH APPLICATION AND INFORMATION GROUP'S COURSE ON REPORT WRITING IS DESIGNED TO HELP NTRR'S AUTHORS BECOME BETTER WRITERS BY GIVING THEM STRAIGHT-FORWARD RULES FOR BETTER STYLE, AND BY ENCOURAGING THEM TO CRITICISE AND REVISE THEIR OWN WORK. ******************************************** Document 3488 TYPEWRITTEN TEXTS AND TYPEWRITING' SOME POINTS ARISING FROM A DISCUSSION ON FORMULATING A BIBLIOLOGICAL APPROACH. A REPORT OF A FORUM HELD IN OCT 80 BY THE FRENCH INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF THE BOOK, SPONSORED BY THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, TO CONSIDER THE IMPLICATIONS OF GENERAL USE OF TYPEWRITERS FOR TEACHING IN COMMERCIAL INSTITUTIONS AND FOR INFORMATICS; AND THE ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL CONSEQUENCES WORLDWIDE, PRESENT AND FUTURE. THE DEVELOPMENT OF TYPEWRITERS FROM THEIR INVENTION UP TO THE PRESENT IS TRACED, IN RELATION TO THE CONSEQUENCES IN THE ORGANISATION AND ADMINISTRATION OF OFFICE WORK AND PERSONNEL DEPLOYMENT. THE INTRODUCTION OF SOPHISTICATED MACHINES WHICH DISPENSE WITH TRADITIONAL OPERATORS IS CONSIDERED AND THE POTENTIAL CONSEQUENCES FOR PUBLISHING METHODS AND INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUES SURVEYED. IN CONCLUSION, IT IS DEBATED WHETHER BIBLIOLOGY MIGHT BECOME OUTMODED IN THE NEAR FUTURE. AN APPENDIX LISTS THE PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE FORUM. ******************************************** Document 3489 ND NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHICAL CONFERENCE IN THE CZECH SOCIALIST REPUBLIC.T HE 2ND NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHICAL CONFERENCE (BRNO, 12-13 MAY 81), ORGANISED BY THE STATE LIBRARY OF THE CZECH SOCIALIST REPUBLIC IN PRAGUE AND THE STATE SCIENTIFIC LIBRARY IN BRNO, DISCUSSED THE MAIN TASKS FOR CZECH BIBLIOGRAPHY AFTER THE 16TH PARTY CONGRESS. THE PLANS FOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL ACTIVITIES IN THE 7TH 5-YEAR-PLAN AND THE DOCUMENT 2PRINCIPLES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF CZECH BIBLIOGRAPHY1 FORMED THE BASIS FOR DISCUSSION. AS FAR AS THE CZECH NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHICAL LISTS OF BOOKS ARE CONCERNED, QUESTIONS CONNECTED WITH THE INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK DESCRIPTION HAVE TO BE SOLVED BEFORE AUTOMATION OF THEIR PRODUCTION CAN BEGIN. THE FINAL CONFERENCE RESOLUTION INCLUDED A RECOMMENDATION TO STRENGTHEN THE COOPERATION BETWEEN THE LIBRARY AND STI SYSTEMS IN THE FIELD OF BIBLIOGRAPHY. ******************************************** Document 3490 THE NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHIC SITUATION' FUTURE PLANS AND PRIORITIES FOR NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHICAL WORK. 2NORSK BOKFORTEGNELSE1, THE MAJOR COMPONENT OF THE NORWEGIAN NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY, COMPRISES MATERIAL RECEIVED THROUGH LEGAL DEPOSIT OR DONATION BY OSLO UNIVERSITY'S NORWEGIAN DEPARTMENT. IT HAS BEEN COMPUTER-PRODUCED SINCE 1972. NORWEGIAN BOOK PRODUCTION INCREASED BY 105% DURING 1970-78, WHILE NORWEGIAN PARTICIPATION IN UBC AND ISDS HAS NECESSITATED THE INTRODUCTION OF AACR, ISBD AND ISBN. STAFFING HAS NOT BEEN INCREASED PROPORTIONATELY, AND CONSIDERABLE ARREARS OF UNCATALOGUED MATERIAL EXIST. THE 5-YEARLY CUMULATION FOR 1971-75 IS AT PRESENT AVAILABLE IN MACHINE-READABLE FORM ONLY. A MICROFICHE CATALOGUE OF NORWEGIAN PUBLICATIONS IS PRODUCED BI-MONTHLY, WITH CUMULATIONS FOR 1971-75 AND 1976-78. THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY'S NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY DATA BASE IS ALREADY PARTLY ON-LINE. INDEXING OF PERIODICAL ARTICLES, PLANNED FROM 1980, WILL COVER 400 PERIODICALS IN MOST SUBJECT FIELDS. NEWSPAPE R ARTICLES CANNOT BE COVERED MEANWHILE. THE 2BIBLIOGRAPHY OF NORWEGIAN GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS1 (1965-) SHOULD SOON BE INCORPORATED INTO THE DATA BASE. FOREIGN PUBLICATIONS ABOUT NORWAY (1978-) ARE INDEXED IN MACHINE-READABLE FORM. ******************************************** Document 3491 NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHIES OF THE FINNO-UGRIAN PEOPLES IN THE SOVIET UNION. THERE ARE 4.5 MILLION UGRIAN FINNS IN THE USSR IN 6 DIFFERENT AUTONOMOUS REPUBLICS, EACH WITH ITS OWN LANGUAGE, SOME USING ROMAN AND OTHERS CYRILLIC ALPHABETS. PUBLISHING IS VERY LOCAL AND ONLY NEWSPAPERS IN THESE MINORITY LANGUAGES ARE OCCASIONALLY AVAILABLE OUTSIDE THE AREA OF ORIGIN. BOOKS ARE LISTED IN THE 2SOVIET NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY1, BUT ONLY IN THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE. EACH AUTONOMOUS REPUBLIC ISSUES ITS OWN NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY, THE OLDEST ESTABLISHED BEING THE ESTONIAN WHICH BEGAN IN 1946 AND APPEARS QUARTERLY. DESCRIBES THE FORMAT AND SCOPE OF THESE LOCAL BIBLIOGRAPHIES IN SOME DETAIL. ******************************************** Document 3492 PRINTED MATTER IN THE FACE OF NEW MEDIA. THE EVOLUTION OF MEANS OF COMMUNICATION BASED ON THE USE OF TELEVISION APPARATUS IS DISCUSSED, WITH PARTICULAR EMPHASIS ON SATELLITE TV, FIBRE OPTICS, DIGITISATION OF SIGNALS, VIDEOTEX AND CABLE TV. THE IMPLICATIONS OF THESE NEW TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE PRINTING INDUSTRY ARE ASSESSED. IN PARTICULAR, AN ATTEMPT IS MADE TO IDENTIFY THOSE MARKETS WHICH ARE DIRECTLY THREATENED BY ELECTRONIC MEDIA AND THOSE WHICH WILL BE ENHANCED AND EXPANDED. ******************************************** Document 3493 THE BOOK AND ITS MIRROR: ADVERTISING FOR BOOKS. EXTRACT FROM A STUDY PREPARED DURING 1979-80 FOR THE FRENCH ECOLE NATIONALE SUPERIEURE DE BIBLIOTHECAIRES. SURVEYS THE VARIOUS WAYS FRENCH PUBLISHERS TRY TO BRING NEW BOOKS TO THE ATTENTION OF POTENTIAL BUYERS' PUBLICITY LAUNCHES IN BOOKSHOPS, DIRECT MAILING, MEDIA REVIEWS AND ADVERTISING, AND WALL POSTERS. NEWSPAPER ADVERTISEMENTS ARE THE MOST FAVOURED FORM; DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF HOW ADVERTISEMENTS ARE DESIGNED, WHERE THEY ARE PLACED, AND COSTS. THE TECHNICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DEVICES USED IN COMPOSING THESE ADVERTISEMENTS ARE EXAMINED IN DETAIL, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO LAYOUT, THE RELATION BETWEEN VISUAL AND VERBAL ELEMENTS, AND APPEAL TO CONSUMER VALUES. IN CONCLUSION, SOME COMPARISON IS MADE BETWEEN PUBLISHERS WHO CREATE PUBLICITY TO PROMOTE SPECIFIC TITLES, AND THOSE WHO EMPHASISE PRIMARILY THE REPUTATION OF THE PUBLISHING HOUSE ITSELF. ******************************************** Document 3494 REDEEMABLE FEATURES. PRESENTS REACTIONS TO THE UK GOVERNMENT'S GREEN PAPER 2REFORM OF THE LAW RELATING TO COPYRIGHT, DESIGNS AND PERFORMERS' PROTECTION1. INDIVIDUALS, SOCIETIES, AND INSTITUTIONS IN THE BOOK WORLD HAVE VARYING OPINIONS ON ITS FIRM PROPOSALS CONCERNING REPROGRAPHY, COMPUTERS, MORAL RIGHTS, AND CRIMINAL REMEDIES, BUT ARE ALL DISAPPOINTED AT ITS INDECISIVENESS ON AUDIO AND VIDEO RECORDING AND THE PROBLEMS CAUSED BY THE EASE OF PRIVATE COPYING. FOR AN ABSTRACT OF AN ARTICLE CONTAINING EXTRACTS FROM THE DOCUMENT, 2SEE1 THE FOLLOWING SERIAL NUMBER'-. ******************************************** Document 3495 REFORM OF THE LAW ON COPYRIGHT, DESIGNS AND PERFORMERS' PROTECTION. PRESENTS EXTRACTS FROM THE UK GOVERNMENT'S GREEN PAPER 2REFORM OF THE LAW RELATING TO COPYRIGHT, DESIGNS AND PERFORMERS' PROTECTION1 (A GREEN PAPER CONTAINS PROPOSALS WHICH ARE IN A FORMATIVE STAGE AND TO WHICH THE GOVERNMENT IS NOT COMMITTED). THE EXTRACTS REFER TO REPROGRAPHY, COMPUTERS, TYPE FACES, OWNERSHIP OF COPYRIGHT, TERM OF COPYRIGHT, EXCEPTIONS TO RIGHT OF REPRODUCTION, CRIMINAL REMEDIES, AND LEGAL DEPOSIT LIBRARIES. ******************************************** Document 3496 WAKE UP, HOLGER DANSKE (AND LISE OSTERGAARD). DISCUSSES THE PRODUCTION OF A DANISH ENCYCLOPAEDIA. THE PUBLISHERS, GYLDENDAL, HOPED TO PRODUCE AN UPDATED VERSION OF THE ESTEEMED SALMONSEN, BUT THE PROJECT PROVED TOO EXPENSIVE AND A LESS AMBITIOUS 10 VOLUME WORK HAS NOW BEEN PUBLISHED. A SIMILAR LACK OF A SUBSTANTIAL NATIONAL ENCYCLOPAEDIA LED IN SWEDEN TO THE APPOINTMENT OF A COMMITTEE BY THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, WHOSE REPORT IS DISCUSSED HERE. IT ANALYSES ALL PROBLEMS SURROUNDING THE PUBLICATION OF ENCYCLOPAEDIAS AND CONCLUDES THAT SUCH PUBLICATION CAN TODAY ONLY BY UNDERTAKEN WITH STATE SUPPORT. IT STRESSES THE NEED FOR A LARGE ENCYCLOPAEDIA FOR THE ACQUISITION OF BACKGROUND INFORMATION. USE WILL BE MAINLY IN CONNECTION WITH EDUCATION, IN ADMINISTRATION AND INDUSTRY, AND WILL BE CENTRAL IN LIBRARY REFERENCE SECTIONS. GUIDELINES FOR THE COOPERATION BETWEEN PUBLISHERS AND THE STATE ARE DRAWN UP, AND A PUBLISHING TIMETABLE OF AT MOST 10 YEARS WITH UPDATING EVERY 10 YEARS IS SUGGESTED. PUB LICATION AS TELEDATA OR ON VIDEO DISCS IS REJECTED. ******************************************** Document 3497 AUTOMATED TEXT EDITING. 1964-MAY 1981 (CITATIONS FROM THE NTIS DATA BASE). THIS BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FEDERALLY-FUNDED RESEARCH PRESENTS CITATIONS COVERING AUTOMATIC TEXT EDITING AND COMPOSING. PROGRAMMING TECHNIQUES ARE COVERED FOR APPLICATIONS SUCH AS REPORT, INDEX, AND TABLE GENERATION, AS WELL AS LIST PROCESSING. ******************************************** Document 3498 LEARNED SOCIETIES AND JOURNAL PUBLISHING. REPORTS ON A STUDY OF 500 UK LEARNED SOCIETIES. AN INITIAL DISCUSSION IS GIVEN OF THE HISTORICAL AND PRESENT-DAY ROLES OF LEARNED SOCIETIES AND CURRENT PERCEPTIONS OF THE RELATIVE ROLES OF COMMERCIAL AND LEARNED SOCIETY PUBLISHERS. CHARACTERISTICS OF AGE, SIZE AND SUBJECT OF UK LEARNED SOCIETIES ARE PRESENTED. THE MAIN FOCUS OF THE PAPER IS ON THE EXTENT AND NATURE OF COOPERATION BETWEEN LEARNED SOCIETY AND OTHER PUBLISHERS. SOME 30% OF UK LEARNED SOCIETIES COOPERATE WITH PUBLISHERS, TO A MUCH LARGER EXTENT IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY THAN IN THE ARTS AND HUMANITIES. ******************************************** Document 3499 THE ELECTRONIC JOURNAL AND ITS RELATIVES. DISCUSSES THE ELECTRONIC JOURNAL AS PART OF A WIDER COMMUNICATION NETWORK, MENTIONING THE US ELECTRONIC INFORMATION EXCHANGE SYSTEM (EIES) AND THE UK BIRMINGHAM LOUGHBOROUGH ELECTRONIC NETWORK DEVELOPMENT (BLEND). CONSIDERS ECONOMIC ISSUES ASSOCIATED WITH ELECTRONIC NETWORKS AND HOW CONVENTIONAL JOURNALS COULD EVOLVE INTO ELECTRONIC JOURNALS. DESCRIBES THE ARTEMIS STUDY BY ARTHUR D. LITTLE, INC. FOR THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, WHICH LOOKED AT THE TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY OF PROVIDING AN ELECTRONIC FULL-TEXT DOCUMENT DELIVERY OVER EURONET-DIANE, AND A STUDY CARRIED OUT FOR THE UK PUBLISHERS ASSOCIATION BY THE UK PRINTING, PAPER AND PACKAGING INDUSTRIES RESEARCH ASSOCIATION (PIRA), LOOKING INTO THE FEASIBILITY OF COOPERATIVE DOCUMENT DELIVERY BY UK PUBLISHERS. ******************************************** Document 3500 PRINTED NEWSPAPER INDEX. THE NEWSPAPER INDEX IS AN ESSENTIAL REFERENCE TOOL FOR RESEARCH. VARIOUS STEPS IN THE MAKING OF A PRINTED NEWSPAPER INDEX ARE DESCRIBED WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE INDEX TO THE TIMES OF INDIA. ********************************************