Document 2501 IMPACT OF OPTICAL MEMORIES (VIDEODISCS) ON THE COMPUTER AND IMAGE PROCESSING INDUSTRIES. THE HISTORY OF VIDEODISC SYSTEMS BETWEEN 1970 AND 1980 IS CONSIDERED. THE TECHNOLOGIES WHICH AMERICAN, JAPANESE, FRENCH AND DUTCH COMPANIES ARE WORKING ON ARE EXAMINED, WITH REFERENCE TO APPLICATIONS IN DATA AND IMAGE PROCESSING USING THE READ-WRITE DISCS WHICH ARE CONTINUALLY BEING DEVELOPED. THE FUTURE OF OPTICAL DISC TECHNOLOGY IS DISCUSSED AND CONSIDERATION IS GIVEN TO THE APPLICATIONS AND IMPLICATIONS OF THE READ-ONLY DISCS IN THE EDUCATIONAL, INSTITUTIONAL AND ENTERTAINMENT MARKETS. FINALLY, THE NEWS AND PLANS OF THE FOLLOWING USERS, SUPPLIERS AND INDUSTRY SPOKESMEN ARE PRESENTED' BANTEC, US DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE, ENERGY CONVERSION DEVICES, HARRIS, HONEYWELL, MEMOREX, SRI INTERNATIONAL AND XEROX. ******************************************** Document 2502 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY. OUTLINES FACTORS THAT MAKE THE VIDEODISC SO ATTRACTIVE AS AN IMAGE AND INFORMATION STORAGE MEDIUM; DISCUSSES THE PRESENT STATE OF VIDEODISC TECHNOLOGY; AND SPECULATES ON THEIR FUTURE USE IN LIBRARIES. ******************************************** Document 2503 GUIDELINE FOR INSPECTION AND QUALITY CONTROL FOR ALPHANUMERIC COMPUTER-OUTPUT MICROFORMS. CATEGORY' HARDWARE. SUBCATEGORY' MEDIA. THE STANDARD DESCRIBES OPERATIONAL AND QUALITY-CONTROL GUIDELINES FOR ALPHANUMERIC COMPUTER-OUTPUT MICROFILM (COM) RECORDERS AND MICROFORMS. IT IS LIMITED TO IMAGES OF LINE PRINTER EQUIVALENT OUTPUT ONLY, SUCH AS THOSE USED FOR BUSINESS AND GOVERNMENT RECORDS. ******************************************** Document 2504 ONLINE MICROFILM RECORDERS AT LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LABORATORY. THE LOS ALAMOS COMPUTING DIVISION HAS DEVELOPED A SATELLITE GRAPHICS OUTPUT STATION (PAGES). THIS STATION ACCEPTS USER REQUESTS FOR OUTPUT THROUGH A LARGE COMPUTER NETWORK (THE ICN). THE SYSTEM TRANSLATES A STANDARD METAFILE INTO A DEVICE-SPECIFIC FORMAT AND EFFICIENTLY GENERATES THE REQUESTED OUTPUT. AT THE SAME TIME, PAGES PROVIDES SOME GRAPHICS PROCESSING, PREVIOUSLY PROVIDED BY THE LARGE SUPERCOMPUTERS. ******************************************** Document 2505 COLLECTING NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL DATA ON THE PRODUCTION OF AUDIO, VISUAL AND MICROFORM MATERIALS. THIS PAPER REVIEWS UNESCO ACTIVITIES FOR THE COLLECTION OF NATIONAL PRODUCTION DATA OF AUDIO-VISUAL MATERIALS AND MICROFORMS AND PRESENTS POSSIBLE APPROACHES TO THE TASK. UNESCO HAS FOR SOME YEARS COLLECTED DATA ON THE PRODUCTION OF PRINTED MATERIALS, BUT WHILE RECOGNISING THE NEED FOR COLLECTING SIMILAR STATISTICS ON NONPRINT MEDIA, IT HAS NOT YET DONE SO. IF UNESCO WERE TO UNDERTAKE THE TASK, IT WOULD BE NECESSARY TO ENLIST THE AID OF INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATIONS AND THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATIONS OF PRODUCERS OF THESE MATERIALS. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2506 PROLEGOMENA TO THE HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL LIBRARIANSHIP. IN THE CLOSING DECADES OF THE 20TH CENTURY, THE HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL LIBRARIANSHIP IS STILL LARGELY UNCHARTED TERRITORY. DISCUSSES EVIDENCE OF INTEREST IN INTERNATIONAL LIBRARIANSHIP (WHICH IS DISTINGUISHED FROM COMPARATIVE LIBRARIANSHIP), THE SUBJECT AND SCOPE OF INTERNATIONAL LIBRARIANSHIP, HYPOTHESES UNDERLYING HISTORICAL INVESTIGATION, SOURCES OF THE HISTORY OF THE FIELD, AN AGENDA FOR HISTORICAL SCHOLARSHIP, AND USES OF THE HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL LIBRARIANSHIP. ******************************************** Document 2507 THE PARETO PRINCIPLE AT NEWCASTLE. EDITED TEXT OF THE PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS AT THE JOINT CONFERENCE OF THE LIBRARY ASSOCIATION OF IRELAND AND THE NORTHERN IRELAND BRANCH OF THE LIBRARY ASSOCIATION, NEWCASTLE, COUNTY DOWN, 12-16 MAY 81. BRIEFLY SURVEYS THE WORK OF THE ASSOCIATIONS IN THE LAST YEAR. SUGGESTS THAT WE SHOULD LOOK CAREFULLY AT HOW WE USE OUR TIME' THE PARETO PRINCIPLE STATES THAT THE MOST TRIVIAL 20% OF ACCOMPLISHMENT USUALLY CONSUMES 80% OF YOUR TIME WHILST THE MOST VITAL RECEIVES ONLY 20%. ARGUES FOR 10% VAT TO BE REMOVED FROM BOOKS; VAT TOGETHER WITH THE POOR COMPARISON OF THE PUNT TO STERLING, LIMITS LIBRARIES PURCHASING POWER. COMMENTS ON THE PROBLEMS OF PHOTOCOPYING AND COPYRIGHT. ******************************************** Document 2508 THE ROAD AHEAD FOR LIBRARIES' POLITICISATION AND QUALIFIED DEFENCE. REPORTS ON A CONFERENCE ON THE ROAD AHEAD FOR LIBRARIES, ORGANISED BY THE GROUP OF CHIEF LIBRARIANS AND HELD IN FEB 81. THE PLIGHT OF AUTHORS AND BOOKSELLERS WAS DEALT WITH BY A PUBLISHER AND AN AUTHOR IN TALKS ON THE POSSIBILITIES AND FUTURE PRODUCTION OF THE BOOK IN RELATION TO THE LIBRARIES OF THE 80S. OTHER SUBJECTS COVERED BY CIVIL SERVANTS IN LOCAL AUTHORITIES WERE' CONDITIONS FOR AND CLAIMS ON THE SENIOR CIVIL SERVANT IN THE 80S; COOPERATION AND COMMUNICATION BETWEEN CIVIL SERVANTS AND POLITICIANS, AND CIVIL SERVANTS' RIGHT OF FREE EXPRESSION. A SURVEY OF LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT IN DENMARK SINCE 1909 WAS GIVEN BY LIBRARIANS. R. LYSHOLT HANSEN WAS RESIGNED TO THE FACT THAT THE RESEARCH LIBRARIES DID NOT WISH TO ENTER INTO A JOINT DIRECTORATE, BUT ARGUED THAT SOME WAY OF SECURING FAIR RESOURCE DISTRIBUTION SHOULD BE FOUND. THE FINAL SUBJECT OF DISCUSSION WAS' PROVISION AND MANAGEMENT IN THE LIBRARIES OF TOMORROW, WHEN THE RIGHT BALANCE BETWEEN CENTRALISATION, NECESSARY IN A TIME OF CUTS, AND INDIVIDUALITY WAS DEBATED. ******************************************** Document 2509 OUR TASKS. THE OFFICIAL 1977-UNESCO STATISTICS SHOW THAT, AS FAR AS NUMBERS OF LIBRARIES AND LIBRARIANS, AND ALSO ANNUAL ACQUISITIONS PER HEAD OF POPULATION, ARE CONCERNED, BULGARIA LIES IN THE 7TH AND 4TH PLACES RESPECTIVELY IN THE WORLD. HOWEVER, BULGARIA TAKES THE 14TH AND 19TH PLACES IN LOANS AND IN TURNOVER OF CURRENT BOOK COLLECTIONS. THUS, HIGHER EFFICIENCY REQUIRED IN ALL FIELDS OF THE NATION'S LIFE BY THE RECENT 12TH CONGRESS OF THE BULGARIAN COMMUNIST PARTY MUST ALSO BE AIMED FOR IN LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION CENTRES. GREAT ATTENTION MUST BE PAID IN PARTICULAR TO SCIENTIFIC AND OTHER SPECIAL LIBRARIES WHICH NEED TO COPE NOT ONLY WITH THE PRESENT INFORMATION EXPLOSION, BUT ALSO WITH SOARING PRICES OF WESTERN PUBLICATIONS AND BULGARIA'S LIMITED FOREIGN CURRENCY RESOURCES. AMONGST OTHER PROBLEMS ARE THE EDUCATION AND TRAINING OF LIBRARIANS, THE NEEDS IN NEW LIBRARY BUILDINGS, MECHANISATION, AUTOMATION, AND UPDATING OF LIBRARY MANAGEMENT. THE CYRIL AND METHODIUS NATIONAL LIBRARY, NOT ONLY AS KEEPER OF THE NATIONAL LITERARY HERITAGE, BUT ALSO AS THE MOST IMPORTANT LIBRARY AND INFORMATION CENTRE IN THE WHOLE COUNTRY, IS, IN ITSELF, A SPECIAL CASE. IT SHOULD BE RELIEVED OF SOME OF ITS PROBLEMS ON THE OCCASION OF THE 1300TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BULGARIAN STATE. ******************************************** Document 2510 LIBRARIES IN INDIA-PERSONAL IMPRESSIONS). STARTING WITH THE NATIONAL LIBRARY IN CALCUTTA OUTLINES THE STRUCTURE, ORGANISATION, WORK, AND THE NATURE AND EXTENT OF COLLECTIONS OF MAJOR INDIAN LIBRARIES. THE CENTRAL PUBLIC LIBRARIES OF DELHI, BOMBAY AND MADRAS AND THEIR NETWORKS OF LIBRARY SERVICES ARE FOLLOWED BY THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES OF THE 3 CITIES. LIBRARIES OF TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTES AND IMPORTANT SPECIAL LIBRARIES ARE ALSO OUTLINED. OTHER ASPECTS OF THE LIBRARY LIFE IN INDIA COVERED INCLUDE THE LIBRARY ASSOCIATION, FOUNDED IN MADRAS IN 1928, LIBRARY LAW, LIBRARY EDUCATION, INFORMATION SERVICES, BIBLIOGRAPHICAL WORK, LIBRARY WORK WITH CHILDREN, AND AUTOMATION. ******************************************** Document 2511 A CONVERSATION WITH MALACHI BEIT-ARIE. AN INTERVIEW WITH DR. MALACHI BEIT-ARIE, DIRECTOR OF THE JEWISH NATIONAL AND UNIVERSITY LIBRARY IN JERUSALEM. COVERS THE MOVE OF THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY TO MOUNT SCOPUS, THE SCOPE OF THE NATIONAL LIBRARY COLLECTION, THE INSTITUTE FOR HEBREW BIBLIOGRAPHY, THE INSTITUTE OF MICROFILMED HEBREW MANUSCRIPTS, PRESERVATION OF MATERIALS AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, PARTICULARLY WITH EGYPT. ******************************************** Document 2512 EFFICIENCY, TAYLORISM, AND LIBRARIES IN PROGRESSIVE AMERICA. THE SAME INTENSE SENSE OF URGENCY THAT SURROUNDED THE WORD 'ENERGY' IN THE LATE 1970S WAS FELT IN CONNECTION WITH THE WORD 'EFFICIENCY' IN THE LATE 19TH AND EARLY 20TH CENTURIES. EFFICIENCY WAS FELT TO BE THE KEY TO PUTTING INTO ORDER THE CHAOS RESULTING FROM THE TECHNOLOGICAL/INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION. THE PUBLICATION OF FREDERICK W. TAYLOR'S 2PRINCIPLES OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT1 IN 1911 IS OFTEN ERRONEOUSLY CITED AS THE BEGINNING OF THE EFFICIENCY CRAZE. DISCUSSES THE PRINCIPLES PROPOUNDED BY TAYLOR, THE EFFICIENCY CRAZE, AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIBRARIES. ******************************************** Document 2513 LIBRARIANS FROM ALL OVER THE WORLD TO MEET IN LEIPZIG FOR THE 47TH CONFERENCE OF THE IFLA'S GENERAL ASSEMBLY. BETWEEN 17-22 AUG 81 THE 47TH CONFERENCE OF THE IFLA'S GENERAL ASSEMBLY WILL TAKE PLACE IN LEIPZIG. THE MAIN THEME OF THE CONFERENCE WHICH WAS SUGGESTED BY EAST GERMANY WILL BE 'LIBRARY NATIONAL INSTITUTIONS AND PROFESSIONAL ORGANISATIONS'. THIS THEME IS CONSIDERED TO BE OF GREAT IMPORTANCE ON AN INTERNATIONAL LEVEL AS IT PROVIDES AN OPPORTUNITY TO DEAL WITH VARIOUS ASPECTS OF NATIONAL LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON THE EFFICIENCY OF LIBRARY ORGANISATIONS, PROFESSIONAL METHODICAL CENTRES AND NATIONAL SERVICE FACILITIES FOR LIBRARIES. ABOUT 1,200 PEOPLE ARE EXPECTED TO ATTEND THE CONFERENCE WHICH WIL BE THE LARGEST CULTURAL EVENT YET IN EAST GERMANY. MANY LIBRARIES AND MUSEUMS IN LEIPZIG WILL BE ORGANISING SPECIAL EXHIBITIONS AT THIS TIME AND A SEMINAR FOR LIBRARIANS FROM DEVELOPING COUNTRIES WILL BE HELD IN THE WEEK PRECEDING THE CONFERE NCE. ******************************************** Document 2514 BOOK REVIEWS IN FIVE LIBRARY JOURNALS' A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS. PRESENTS A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ALL THE SIGNED BOOK REVIEWS PUBLISHED DURING 1979 IN' 2AUST. LIBR. J1.; 2AUST. ACAD. RES. LIBR1.; 2LIBR. ASS. REC1.; 2J. LIBRARIANSHIP1; AND 2LIBR. Q1. DESCRIBES AND COMPARES THE REVIEWS IN THESE JOURNALS FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF' COVERAGE; DUPLICATION PATTERNS; BIASES OF THE SUBJECT; LANGUAGE AND SOURCE OF PUBLICATION; LENGTH; WHETHER THEY ARE FAVOURABLE; AND THE FORMAT OF THE BOOK REVIEW SECTION. ATTEMPTS TO EVALUATE THE CONTENT OF SOME OF THE REVIEWS. ******************************************** Document 2515 THE 20TH ANNIVERSARY OF AZ ORVOSI KONYVTAROS (MEDICAL LIBRARIAN).IN 195 6, THE 'REVIEW OF MEDICAL LIBRARIANSHIP' WAS PUBLISHED BY THE HUNGARIAN MEDICAL DOCUMENTATION CENTRE (SUCCEEDED BY THE MEDICAL INFORMATION CENTRE). ONLY 2 ISSUES APPEARED, BUT ITS SUCCESSOR AZ ORVOSI KONYVTAROS WAS ESTABLISHED IN 1961. NOW, 20 YEARS LATER, 80 ISSUES HAVE APPEARED, CARRYING 834 ARTICLES. ANALYSES THE CONTENTS AND PHILOSOPHY BEHIND THE PRODUCTION OF THE JOURNAL. ******************************************** Document 2516 STANDARDISATION IN THE FIELDS OF LIBRARIANSHIP AND BIBLIOGRAPHY' THE CURRENT SITUATION AND FUTURE PROSPECTS. STANDARDS HAVE AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NEW TECHNOLOGY AND THE IMPROVING OF ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY. THEIR RELEVANCE IN LIBRARIANSHIP INCLUDES IMPROVING READER SERVICES, MAXIMISING USE OF RESOURCES, ACCOUNTING PROCEDURES AND INTERLIBRARY COOPERATION. IN 1976-78 EXISTING STANDARDS RELATING TO LIBRARIES WERE REVISED AND COORDINATED AND A LONG-TERM PROGRAMME OF STANDARDISATION COVERING INFORMATION WORK, LIBRARIANSHIP AND PUBLISHING WAS INITIATED. ASPECTS OF LIBRARIANSHIP AFFECTED BY STANDARDS INTRODUCED SINCE THEN INCLUDE' THE BIBLIOGRAPHICAL DESCRIPTION OF MUSIC AND MAPS, REFERENCE BOOKS IN SERVICE POINTS, BASIC TERMS AND DEFINITIONS IN SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION WORK, AND A SINGLE NATIONAL SYSTEM OF INTER-LIBRARY LOANS. ******************************************** Document 2517 BULGARIAN PERIODICALS AS AN INFORMATION SOURCE ON LIBRARIANSHIP. ONE OF THE SPECIAL BIBLIOGRAPHIES PUBLISHED BY THE CYRIL AND METHODIUS NATIONAL LIBRARY IN SOFIA COVERS LITERATURE ON LIBRARIANSHIP, BIBLIOGRAPHY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE. FROM 1967-76, 4330 HEADINGS WERE LISTED. MORE THAN 90% WERE ARTICLES AND SPECIAL PAPERS, AND ONLY THE REMAINING 10% INCLUDED BOOKS. NATIONAL DAILIES AS WELL AS REGIONAL AND LOCAL PAPERS ALSO PAID ATTENTION TO LIBRARIES. THEY EMPHASISED, HOWEVER, MOSTLY GENERAL ISSUES OR TOPICS OF LOCAL INTEREST AND TIMING FREQUENCY AS WELL AS STANDARDS VARIED CONSIDERABLY. SINCE 1954, 2BIBLIOTEKAR1 HAS BEEN ALMOST THE ONLY STABLE PERIODICAL FOR LIBRARIANS AND HAS SO FAR REMAINED THE ONLY BULGARIAN PERIODICAL OF THIS KIND KNOWN AND ABSTRACTED ABROAD. INFORMATION SCIENTISTS HAVE LACKED THEIR OWN SPECIAL PERIODICAL. THE GAP HAS BEEN PARTLY FILLED BY THE EFFORT OF THE CENTRAL LIBRARY OF THE BULGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. ******************************************** Document 2518 MAKING LIBRARY RESEARCH RESULTS PAY. EXAMINES GOOD (EVEN SOPHISTICATED) PRACTICE IN THE FIELD OF FINDING AND USING RESEARCH RESULTS, COVERING PATTERNS OF COMMUNICATION, THE LITERATURE SEARCH, HANDLING SEARCH RESULTS, PROBLEMS, BUILDING ON PREVIOUS RESEARCH, AND STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING RESEARCH. ******************************************** Document 2519 A LIBRARY SCIENCE RESEARCH READER AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC GUIDE. A COLLECTION OF ESSAYS AIMING' TO STIMULATE MORE INTEREST IN THE PURSUIT OF SYSTEMATIC INQUIRY PERTAINING TO LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE; TO HELP POTENTIAL RESEARCH WORKERS GAIN A CLEARER UNDERSTANDING OF SELECTED STRATEGIES FOR THE CONDUCT OF STUDIES, THE ANALYSIS OF EMPIRICAL DATA, AND THE EVALUATION OF COMPLETED RESEARCH PROJECTS; TO ACQUAINT READERS WITH SOME IMPORTANT CONSIDERATIONS FOR PLANNING STUDIES AND OBTAINING FUNDS TO UNDERTAKE PROJECTS; AND TO PROVIDE USEFUL LISTS OF ADDITIONAL SOURCES OF PUBLISHED INFORMATION ABOUT RESEARCH IN LIBRARIANSHIP AND ITS METHODS. INCLUDES PAPERS BY' CHARLES H. BUSHA, LAUREL GROTZINGER, JEFFREY KATZER, CAROL MCCOMBS, STEPHEN B. WALTER, AND CAROLYN GRADDICK TEAL, WITH A BIBLIOGRAPHY COMPILED BY CHARLES H. BUSHA. ******************************************** Document 2520 THE EVOLUTION OF THE INTERNATIONAL INFORMATION SYSTEM ON RESEARCH IN DOCUMENTATION (ISORID). A READING OF THE AVAILABLE DOCUMENTS ON THE INTERNATIONAL INFORMATION SYSTEM ON RESEARCH IN DOCUMENTATION (ISORID), A JOINT UNESCO-FID OPERATION, REVEALS THAT THE SYSTEM HAS MET AS YET UNRESOLVED STRESSES THAT HINDER THE EFFECTIVE CONTRIBUTION TO THE WORLD COMMUNITY THAT THIS SYSTEM WAS EXPECTED TO MAKE. A QUANTITATIVE COMPARISON WITH THE US-BASED 2LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES TODAY1 (LIST) IS NOT KIND TO ISORID AND REFLECTS THE DEGREE OF DIFFICULTY THAT ISORID HAS WITH ITS ESSENTIALLY COOPERATIVE BASIS FOR GATHERING DATA. THE THEORETICAL BASIS FOR AN INTERNATIONAL REGISTER APPEARS SOUND, BUT PRACTICALITIES ARE HINDERING ITS EFFECTIVENESS TO THE FIELDS OF DOCUMENTATION, INFORMATION SCIENCE, AND LIBRARIANSHIP. ******************************************** Document 2521 THE STATE OF RESEARCH IN LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE IN QUEBEC' SURVEY RESULTS. IN ORDER TO FULFILL ONE OF THE ELEMENTS OF THE MANDATE CONFERRED UPON IT IN JUNE 79, THE RESEARCH COMMITTEE IN LIBRARIANSHIP CONDUCTED A SURVEY TO FIND OUT WHETHER QUEBEC LIBRARIANS ARE RESEARCH-MINDED. THE 203 QUESTIONNAIRES RECEIVED, STUDIED AND ANALYSED, GIVE WITNESS TO SOME INTERESTING PROJECTS AND REALISATIONS. BUT GIVEN THE TIME AND FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS AND THE PSYCHOLOGICAL CLIMATE, ONE QUESTION REMAINS UNANSWERED' WHAT IS THE FUTURE OF RESEARCH IN LIBRARIANSHIP IN QUEBEC?. ******************************************** Document 2522 LIFE AND WORK OF PROFESSOR ARNTZ. AN FID TRIBUTE. PAPER BASED ON AN ADDRESS DELIVERED AT THE FID CONGRESS BANQUET, HELD IN COPENHAGEN 21 AUG 80. HIGHLIGHTS THE CONTRIBUTIONS AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF PROFESSOR H. ARNTZ IN THE FIELD OF DOCUMENTATION AND INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TRACES HIS EARLY CAREER AND INTEREST IN MICROFILMS AND REPROGRAPHY. REVIEWS THE ACTIVITIES OF FID WHEN PROFESSOR ARNTZ WAS PRESIDENT AND PAYS TRIBUTE TO HIS WORK AND ACHIEVEMENTS WITHIN THE FEDERATION. ******************************************** Document 2523 CARLOS E. CASTANEDA'S RENDEZVOUS WITH A LIBRARY' THE LATIN AMERICAN COLLECTION, 1920-1927-THE FIRST PHASE.W HILST CARLOS EDUARDO CASTANEDA ACHIEVED DISTINCTION AS A 1ST RATE HISTORIAN OF THE SOUTHERN BORDERLANDS OF THE USA, MANY ARE UNAWARE OF THE CONTRIBUTIONS HE MADE TO THE PROFESSIONS OF HISTORY AND LIBRARY SCIENCE. DESCRIBES THE PERIOD FROM 1920, WHEN CASTANEDA 1ST HEARD THAT THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS WAS TO ACQUIRE 'THE FINEST AND MOST EXTENSIVE HISTORICAL AND LITERARY COLLECTION OF MEXICO', TO 1927, WHEN HE BECAME LIBRARIAN OF THE BENSON LATIN AMERICAN COLLECTION AT THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN. ******************************************** Document 2524 CARMEN DIANA DEARDEN' EDITOR AND EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OF THE VENEZUELAN BANCO DEL LIBRO. AN INTERVIEW WITH THE NEW DIRECTOR OF THE CHIEF PRIVATE VENEZUELAN ORGANISATION CONCERNED WITH SCHOOL AND PUBLIC LIBRARIES AND EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING. A BRIEF SUMMARY IS GIVEN OF HER PREVIOUS EXPERIENCE WITH BANCO DEL LIBRO IN ORGANISING A MOBILE LIBRARY SERVICE. THE DISCUSSION COVERS LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES AND THEIR IMPLEMENTATION THROUGH STATE COOPERATION; ACTIVITIES AT THE INTERNATIONAL LEVEL; AND PUBLISHING PROJECTS UNDER THE SPONSORSHIP OF EKARE, THE BANCO DEL LIBRO PUBLISHING HOUSE. ******************************************** Document 2525 FRANCES NEWMAN' LIBRARIAN AND NOVELIST. BRIEF BIOGRAPHY OF FRANCES NEWMAN, (BORN IN ATLANTA IN 1888), WHO WAS BOTH LIBRARIAN AND NOVELIST. DISCUSSES HER WRITING AS A REFLECTION OF THE SOCIAL AND CULTURAL LIFE OF THE PERIOD UP TO HER DEATH IN 1928. ******************************************** Document 2526 AZARIAH SMITH ROOT AND SOCIAL REFORM AT OBERLIN COLLEGE. AZARIAH SMITH ROOT WAS BORN IN MIDDLEFIELD, MASSACHUSSETTS, IN 1862. IN 1885, HAVING GAINED MA AND BA DEGREES, HE ASSUMED A TEMPORARY POSITION CATALOGUING THE LIBRARY COLLECTIONS AT OBERLIN COLLGE. IN 1887 HE WAS ELECTED COLLEGE LIBRARIAN, A POSITION WHICH HE HELD UNTIL HIS DEATH 40 YEARS LATER. DISCUSSES ROOT'S SOCIAL PHILOSOPHY, THE COLLEGE AND ITS HISTORIC COMMITMENT TO REFORMIST NOTIONS, (IN 1835 IT ADMITTED BLACK STUDENTS, AND IN 1837 BECAME THE USA'S 1ST COEDUCATIONAL COLLEGE), AND THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN ROOT AND HIS OBERLIN COLLEAGUES. ******************************************** Document 2527 OSCAR G.T. SONNECK: ARCHITECT OF THE 'NATIONAL MUSIC COLLECTION'. DISCUSSES THE WORK OF OSCAR GEORGE THEODORE SONNECK, (BORN IN NEW JERSEY IN 1873), WHO AS CHIEF OF THE MUSIC DIVISION, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, PRODUCED A CLASSIFICATION SCHEME FOR THE LIBRARY'S MUSIC COLLECTIONS, ASSEMBLED A VAST GENERAL COLLECTION AND SPECIALISED COLLECTIONS, AND MAY JUSTLY BE DESCRIBED AS THE FATHER OF AMERICAN MUSIC LIBRARIANSHIP. ******************************************** Document 2528 LIBRARY PROFESSION OF INDIA AT CROSS ROADS. TRACES THE GENESIS AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE LIBRARY PROFESSION IN INDIA FROM 1924 WHEN MADRAS UNIVERSITY CREATED A LIBRARIAN'S POST WITH A STATUS AND SALARY SCALE WORTHY OF A PROFESSION. DISCUSSES THE STATUS AND PRESTIGE OF LIBRARY PROFESSIONALS AND MAKES A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SALARY SCALES IN 1959 AND 1969. DISCUSSES THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIBRARY SCIENCE EDUCATION AND LIBRARY TECHNIQUES AND SUGGESTS MEANS BY WHICH THE STATUS OF THE LIBRARY PROFESSION CAN BE RAISED. ******************************************** Document 2529 EDUCATING THE POTENTIAL SELF-CENSOR. A STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF AN EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCE DEVOTED TO CENSORSHIP ON THE SELECTION BEHAVIOUR OF LIBRARY SCIENCE AND EDUCATION MAJORS. ******************************************** Document 2530 DRAMATIC RISE IN THE NUMBER OF CENSORSHIP CASES. INTERVIEWS JUDITH F. KRUG, LEADER OF THE AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION'S OFFICE FOR INTELLECTUAL FREEDOM. ITS WORK IS BASED ON THE FIRST AMENDMENT OF THE U.S. CONSTITUTION AND ON THE ALA'S LIBRARY BILL OF RIGHTS. IT BEGAN AS THE INTELLECTUAL FREEDOM COMMITTEE IN 1940. UNTIL RECENTLY ALMOST ALL CASES CAME FROM SCHOOL LIBRARIES, BUT SINCE THE REAGAN ADMINISTRATION TOOK OFFICE THE MOST IMPORTANT CASES ORIGINATE WITH THE PUBLIC LIBRARIES. THE OFFICE, HOWEVER, DOES NOT CONFINE ITSELF TO TAKING UP CASES WITHIN THE LIBRARY SECTOR, BUT IT KEEPS LIBRARIANS AND THE PUBLIC INFORMED OF THE IMPORTANCE OF THE FIRST AMENDMENT, ISSUES PUBLICATIONS, AND HOLDS SEMINARS. MANY ATTEMPTS AT CENSORSHIP COME FROM THE MORAL MAJORITY MOVEMENT. THE OFFICE FINDS IT EASIER TO DEAL WITH LIBRARIES WHICH HAVE A CLEARLY FORMULATED SELECTION POLICY, AND IN VERY FEW CASES DOES IT RECOMMEND REFUSAL TO ACQUIRE A PARTICULAR BOOK. THE LEGAL SIDE OF ALA IS DEALT WITH BY A SEPARATE, BUT RELATED BODY, THE FREEDOM TO READ FOUNDATION. ******************************************** Document 2531 THE YOUNG ADULT AND INTELLECTUAL FREEDOM IN THE LIBRARY. A SELECTIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY AND CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE. DESIGNED FOR LIBRARIANS PLANNING COMMUNITY ORIENTED PROGRAMMES, THIS ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY CRITICALLY REVIEWS LITERATURE DEFENDING THE YOUNG ADULT'S RIGHT TO INTELLECTUAL FREEDOM. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2532 ANNUAL REVIEWS AS INDICATORS OF THE DEVELOPING STRUCTURE OF SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES. (PHD THESIS-UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND.) EXAMINES THE 2ANNUAL REVIEW OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY1 FROM 1966-75, FOR EVIDENCE OF THE DEVELOPING INTELLECTUAL STRUCTURE OF THE DISCIPLINE OF INFORMATION SCIENCE. THIS STRUCTURE IS VIEWED AS BEING COMPOSED OF THE CONCEPTS WHICH FORM THE INTELLECTUAL TERRITORY OF THE DISCIPLINE AND THEIR ORGANISATION INTO TOPICS RESEARCH AREAS AND SUB-FIELDS. A PRIMARY FUNCTION OF REVIEW LITERATURE IS SEEN TO BE THE MAPPING OF THE INTELLECTUAL STRUCTURE OF THE DISCIPLINE. EXAMINES CONCEPTS UNDERLYING AUTHORS' NATURAL LANGUAGE. ATTEMPTS TO PRODUCE A MODEL OF THE LIFE CYCLE OF A SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINE, AND SUGGESTS A NUMBER OF FOLLOW-UP STUDIES. ******************************************** Document 2533 MEASUREMENT IN INFORMATION SCIENCE' OBJECTIVE AND SUBJECTIVE METRICAL SPACE. IT IS ARGUED THAT IN INFORMATION SCIENCE WE HAVE TO DISTINGUISH PHYSICAL, OBJECTIVE, OR DOCUMENT SPACE FROM PERSPECTIVE, SUBJECTIVE, OR INFORMATION SPACE. THESE 2 SPACES ARE LIKE MAPS AND LANDSCAPES' EACH IS A SYSTEMATIC DISTORTION OF THE OTHER. HOWEVER, TRANSFORMATIONS CAN BE EASILY MADE ONCE THE 2 SPACES ARE DISTINGUISHED. ******************************************** Document 2534 MYSTERIES OF THE DEEP' MODELS OF THE UNIVERSE OF KNOWLEDGE. EVIDENCE OF THE USE, BY SCHOLARS AND OTHERS, OF MENTAL CONSTRUCTS OR MODELS OF SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL RELATIONSHIPS IS PRESENTED TO ILLUSTRATE A NON-VERBAL KNOWLEDGE STRUCTURE. THE RELATIONSHIP OF THIS KIND OF STRUCTURE TO EFFORTS TO CONSTRUCT MODELS OF THE UNIVERSE OF KNOWLEDGE IS STATED, NOTING THE DANGER IN SUCH MODELS. ******************************************** Document 2535 AN EXTRAPOLATION APPROACH TO THE CONCEPT OF INFORMATION. DISCUSSES THE ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPT OF INFORMATION WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE TRIAD 'DATA-INFORMATION-KNOWLEDGE' AND STRESSES THE IMPORTANCE OF EXTRAPOLATION IN RELATION TO THE KNOWLEDGE ASPECT OF THIS CONCEPT. SHOWS THE VARIETY OF FORMS WHICH EXTRAPOLATION MAY TAKE WHEN OBTAINING INFORMATION ON DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF HUMAN KNOWLEDGE. ******************************************** Document 2536 THE CONCEPTION OF PRIMARY, SECONDARY AND TERTIARY INFORMATION FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF THE THEORY OF REFLECTION OF SYMBOLS. USING THE UNIVERSAL MODEL OF TRANSFORMATION OF INFORMATION AND THROUGH STRUCTURE OF DATA FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF THE THEORY OF REFLECTION, THE SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PRIMARY, SECONDARY AND TERTIARY INFORMATION ARE OUTLINED. ACCORDING TO WHETHER THE SYMBOL IS A REFLECTION OF PHENOMENA OR A REFLECTION OF A SYMBOL (SIGN), VARIOUS ORDERS OF THE REFLECTION ARE RECOGNISED, I.E. THE ORDER OF THE SYMBOL REFLECTION. THUS PRIMARY INFORMATION IS A REFLECTION OF A PHENOMENON DEPOSITED WITHOUT A SIGN/MARK, SECONDARY INFORMATION IS A REFLECTION OF THE DEPOSITED SIGNS, ETC. THE STATEMENT GIVING THE SPACE AND TIME IN WHICH A PHENOMENON IS VALID IS CALLED THE ADDRESS. ******************************************** Document 2537 THE ACADEMIC LIBRARIAN. THE CAREER OF A LIBRARIAN SHOULD COMBINE THE PRACTICAL SIDE OF LIBRARIANSHIP WITH ACADEMIC KNOWLEDGE AND RESEARCH. NOWADAYS NEW RESEARCH IN LIBRARY SCIENCE IS USUALLY CARRIED OUT IN TEAMS RATHER THAN BY INDIVIDUALS. MODERN LIBRARIANS HAVE TO POSSESS A WIDE RANGE OF KNOWLEDGE COVERING MANY FIELDS AND IT IS NO LONGER USUAL FOR A LIBRARIAN TO BE AN EXPERT IN ONLY 1 SUBJECT. TEACHERS AT LIBRARY SCHOOLS ARE OFTEN PART-TIME LIBRARIANS AND PROVIDE STUDENTS WITH AN UNDERSTANDING OF DAILY LIBRARY ACTIVITY, WHICH PREVENTS COURSES FROM BECOMING MERELY THEORETICAL. THE CHANGING STRUCTURE OF ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IS REFLECTED IN THE SYLLABUSES OF LIBRARY SCHOOLS WHICH DEVOTE MORE TIME TO CURRENT LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE SUBJECTS THAN BEFORE. ******************************************** Document 2538 ARCHIVIST AND COMPREHENSIVIST. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN TECHNOLOGY HAVE VASTLY EXPANDED THE ARCHIVAL REALM. THE ARCHIVIST RISKS BEING OUT OF TUNE WITH THE NEEDS OF ELECTRONIC TIMES. TODAY THE 'COMPLETE' ARCHIVIST IS REQUIRED TO PLAY AN EVER WIDENING INTERDISCIPLINARY ROLE. THE SPECIALIST MUST NOW BECOME THE COMPREHENSIVIST WHO CAN USE THE APPROPRIATE HARDWARE WITH ALL HIS WITS AND SENSES. ******************************************** Document 2539 IFLA DURING THE PRESIDENCY OF GUSTAV HOFMANN (1958-1963). IN 1958 GUSTAV HOFMANN WAS ELECTED PRESIDENT OF IFLA IN MADRID. HE WAS THE GENERAL DIRECTOR OF THE BAVARIAN STATE LIBRARIES. DURING HIS PERIOD OF OFFICE AS PRESIDENT OF THE IFLA FROM 1958-63 HOFMANN PROMOTED AND CARRIED OUT A GREAT DEAL OF STRUCTURAL REORGANISATION INCLUDING THE GROUNDWORK FOR THE REVISION OF THE ARTICLES AND THE CONSTITUTION OF IFLA. THE ASSOCIATION GREW RAPIDLY DURING THIS TIME AND IT WAS NECESSARY TO ORGANISE IT ALONG FEDERAL LINES WITH VICE-PRESIDENTS RESPONSIBLE FOR DIFFERENT GEOGRAPHICAL AREAS. HOFMANN SUCCESSFULLY ENGAGED PEOPLE IN IFLA PROJECTS AND CONTRIBUTED ACTIVELY HIMSELF. ******************************************** Document 2540 PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS' THEIR ROLE AND UTILITY IN THE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME OF LIBRARY EDUCATION. DISCUSSES THE ROLE OF PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS AND REVIEWS THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE UK LIBRARY ASSOCIATION AND THE AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION TO LIBRARY EDUCATION. HIGHLIGHTS THE EDUCATION ACTIVITIES OF THE VARIOUS PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS IN INDIA. REVEALS THAT MOST OF THE CERTIFICATE COURSES IN INDIA ARE RUN BY ASSOCIATIONS. CONCLUDES THAT LIBRARY ASSOCIATIONS IN COLLABORATION WITH UNIVERSITIES AND INFORMATION CENTRES SHOULD TRY TO IMPROVE THE PROFESSION THROUGH STANDARD METHODS OF LIBRARY EDUCATION. ******************************************** Document 2541 JOHN HARRIS' NZ'S GIFT TO NIGERIAN LIBRARY EDUCATION. NEW ZEALANDER JOHN HARRIS (1903-80) ARRIVED IN NIGERIA IN 1948 TO BE LIBRARIAN OF THE FLEDGELING UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, IBADAN. HE ALMOST SINGLE-HANDEDLY CREATED NIGERIA'S PREMIER ACADEMIC PRESS AND, WITH HIS WIFE, ITS 1ST UNIVERSITY BOOKSHOP. HE PLAYED A MAJOR ROLE IN FORMING THE WEST AFRICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION AND INITIATED THE 1ST FORMAL LIBRARY EDUCATION COURSE IN NIGERIA. THANKS LARGELY TO HIM, THE 1ST LIBRARY SCHOOL IN NIGERIA, THE INSTITUTE OF LIBRARIANSHIP, WAS ESTABLISHED IN 1959 WITH A GRANT FROM THE CARNEGIE CORPORATION-THIS IN THE FACE OF COMPETITION FROM OTHER WEST AFRICAN STATES WISHING TO ESTABLISH SUCH A BODY. ******************************************** Document 2542 EVEN AFTER 8 YEARS WITHIN THE COLLEGES OF TECHNOLOGY, LIBRARIANSHIP TRAINING IS STILL A CRISIS AREA. ALTHOUGH NATIONAL GUIDELINES WERE DRAWN UP ON LIBRARIANSHIP TRAINING, EACH WEST GERMAN STATE IS RESPONSIBLE FOR ITS OWN EDUCATION SYSTEM, THEREFORE CONSIDERABLE VARIATIONS STILL EXIST CONCERNING LEGAL STATUS OF LIBRARY SCHOOLS, ENTRY REQUIREMENTS, CURRICULA FOR COMPULSORY AND OPTIONAL SUBJECTS AND ORGANISATION OF COURSES FOR PUBLIC AND ACADEMIC LIBRARIANS. SOME SUBJECTS ARE NOT TAUGHT AT ALL IN SOME SCHOOLS AND GENERALLY RELATED SUBJECTS ARE SPLIT UP TOO MUCH. MANY LECTURERS PLACE TOO MUCH EMPHASIS ON FORMAL LECTURES' MANY STUDENTS ARE UNINTERESTED IN THEIR STUDIES. TRAINING COURSES MUST DEVELOP STUDENTS' CRITICAL FACULTIES, ENCOURAGE CREATIVITY AND PROMOTE ACTIVE COMMUNICATION WITH READERS AND COOPERATION WITH OTHER INSTITUTIONS; BETTER ORGANISATION AND MORE UNIFICATION AMONG LIBRARY SCHOOLS ARE REQUIRED. ******************************************** Document 2543 STUDENTS CRITICISE THE SITUATION CONCERNING TRAINING AT STUTTGART LIBRARY SCHOOL. REPORT OF DISCUSSION AT A WEEKEND SEMINAR, STUTTGART, JAN 81. MANY STUDENTS HAVE FINANCIAL PROBLEMS AND DIFFICULTIES IN FINDING ACCOMMODATION BUT, COMPARED WITH OTHER COURSES, FEW DROP OUT AND STUDENT-STAFF RELATIONSHIPS ARE GOOD. LIBRARIANSHIP STUDIES SHOULD DEVELOP CRITICAL FACULTIES AND THE ABILITY TO MAKE CONTACT WITH READERS. THE LIBRARY MUST BECOME A COMMUNICATION CENTRE, UP TO DATE AND OPEN TO OUTSIDE INFLUENCES. REGIONAL NEEDS SHOULD BE EMPHASISED RATHER THAN NATIONAL STANDARDISATION. LIBRARIANSHIP COURSES SHOULD CONTAIN NEW FIELDS OF STUDY, LIKE SOCIAL AND COMMUNICATION SCIENCES. SOME FORMAL LECTURES SHOULD BE REPLACED BY SMALL STUDY GROUPS, EXAMINATION PROCEDURES SHOULD BE IMPROVED AND BETTER USE MADE OF PRACTICAL TRAINING PERIODS. ******************************************** Document 2544 AN EXPERIMENT IN M LIB SC TEACHING. PRESENTS AN ANALYTICAL VIEW OF THE M LIB SC COURSE WHICH IS BEING OFFERED AT BOMBAY UNIVERSITY. COMPARES THE COURSE CONTENT AND OTHER ASPECTS OF THIS COURSE WITH THOSE AT DELHI UNIVERSITY AND BENARAS HINDU UNIVERSITY. ANALYSES IN DETAIL THE METHOD OF TEACHING, EXAMINATION PATTERN AND OTHER RELATED ASPECTS OF BOMBAY UNIVERSITY AND COMPARES THEM WITH THE OTHER UNIVERSITIES OFFERING M LIB SC COURSES. CONCLUDES THAT THE BOMBAY UNIVERSITY COURSE HAS STARTED A NEW EXPERIMENT WHERE REGULAR CLASSES ARE NOT REQUIRED AND NO FULL-TIME TEACHERS ARE PROVIDED. ******************************************** Document 2545 ON THE EXTENSION TRAINING OF LIBRARIANS. SUMMARISES THE OPPORTUNITIES AVAILABLE FOR EXTENSION TRAINING OF LIBRARIANS IN HUNGARY SINCE 1963. APART FROM LECTURES AND COURSES, EXTENSION TRAINING MAY ALSO TAKE THE FORM OF STUDY TOURS, THESES FOR DOCTORATES AND INDIVIDUAL STUDIES FOR THE COMPLEMENTARY COLLEGE-LEVEL STATE EXAMINATIONS. DESCRIBES THE DIFFERENT TRAINING ORGANISATIONS AND THE CONTRIBUTION THEY MAKE IN THIS FIELD' THE CENTRE FOR LIBRARY SCIENCE AND METHODOLOGY AT THE NATIONAL SZECHENYI LIBRARY (OSZK KMK); SPECIAL LIBRARIES; PUBLIC LIBRARIES; SCHOOL LIBRARIES; AND THE ASSOCIATION OF HUNGARIAN LIBRARIANS WHICH HELPS THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PROFESSION WITH PROFESSIONAL DEBATES AND WITH RESEARCH WORK CARRIED OUT WITHIN ITS SECTIONS. PROPOSES THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A UNIFORM SYSTEM OF EXTENSION TRAINING WITHIN THE ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS AND THE OSZK KMK. ******************************************** Document 2546 THE APPLICATION OF KNOWLEDGE GAINED DURING SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION AND LIBRARY STUDIES AT THE PHILOSOPHICAL FACULTY OF CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN INFORMATION PRACTICE. THE THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE GAINED DURING STUDIES IN THE 4-YEAR LIBRARY AND INFORMATION COURSE AT THE PHILOSOPHICAL FACULTY OF CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE IS COMPARED WITH THE AUTHOR'S 20 YEARS PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE OF WORKING IN AN INFORMATION CENTRE IN A BRANCH OF THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY. THE DEMANDS PLACED ON THE STUDENT FALL INTO 3 CATEGORIES' KNOWLEDGE OF THE METHODOLOGY AND TECHNIQUES OF INFORMATION WORK (THE SYLLABUS OF THE SUBJECTS FORMING THE INFORMATION CORE IS PRESENTED IN SOME DETAIL); KNOWLEDGE OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES; SUBJECT KNOWLEDGE (SUBJECT SPECIALISATION). LISTS THE AREAS IN WHICH STUDY OF INFORMATION THEORY HAS HELPED IN PRACTICAL WORK. ******************************************** Document 2547 WHEN THE LIBRARY SCHOOL WANTS TO ALTER ITS ROAD-MAP. REACTIONS OF LIBRARIANS TO RECENT PROPOSALS (TAKING ACCOUNT OF THE 1976-77 REPORTS ON POSSIBLE ELEVATION TO UNIVERSITY STATUS) FOR A NEW CURRICULUM IN THE NORWEGIAN STATE LIBRARY SCHOOL. POINTS COVERED INCLUDE THE PROPOSED 2-YEAR COMMON COURSE, WITH SPECIALISATION IN THE 3RD YEAR (GENERALLY APPROVED); METHODS SUBJECTS (BIBLIOGRAPHY IS CONSIDERED NECESSARY, BUT SOME CONSIDER COMPUTER STUDIES NOWADAYS EQUALLY ESSENTIAL); LITERATURE AND SOCIETY (THOUGHT TO MERIT MORE ATTENTION, ESPECIALLY CHILDREN'S LITERATURE, POPULAR LITERATURE, AND SERVICES TO HANDICAPPED AND IMMIGRANTS); INFORMATION SCIENCE (SHOULD BE INCLUDED IN 2 OR EVEN 3 YEARS); ADMINISTRATION (CONSIDERED ABSOLUTELY ESSENTIAL); PRACTICAL TRAINING (SHOULD PROBABLY BE EXTENDED); EVALUATION OF STUDENTS' WORK (GENERAL OPINION FAVOURS THE RETENTION OF MARKING TOGETHER WITH CONTINUOUS EVALUATION); LECTURING STAFF (LIBRARY EXPERIENCE IS PREFERRED TO ACADEMIC SPECIALISATION); INTAKE OF STUD ENTS (AS FAR AS POSSIBLE SHOULD COVER THE WHOLE COUNTRY). BETTER LIAISON ON EDUCATION BETWEEN SCHOOL AND LIBRARY PROFESSION IS FELT DESIRABLE, BUT THERE SEEMS NO MAJOR DISAGREEMENT BETWEEN THE CURRICULUM COMMITTEE AND LIBRARIANS IN THE FIELD. ******************************************** Document 2548 THIS ONE-SIDED PRAXIS-WORSHIP. A NORWEGIAN STATE LIBRARY SCHOOL STUDENT REBUTS 3 CLAIMS MADE BY PREVIOUS WRITERS (SPECIAL SECTION ON LIBRARY EDUCATION IN NORWAY, 2IBID1 46 (8) 1979; 2SEE1 81/60)' (1) THAT LECTURERS HAVE TOO LITTLE PRACTICAL LIBRARY EXPERIENCE (&H HAVE EXTENSIVE LIBRARY EXPERIENCE, WHILE THE OTHERS MAINTAIN CONTACT WITH CURRENT LIBRARY PRACTICE); (2) THAT THE COURSE CONTAINS TOO LITTLE PRACTICAL TRAINING (THE NEW 3-YEAR THEORETICAL CURRICULUM IS A STEP FORWARD. INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL PRACTICAL WORK, THOUGH STILL NECESSARY, ARE OF LIMITED VALUE IN A CONSTANTLY DEVELOPING NATIONAL LIBRARY SYSTEM. THE SCHOOL'S PRIMARY TASK IS TO EDUCATE INDEPENDENT, CRITICAL LIBRARIANS WHO CAN EVALUATE THEIR ROLE IN A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE AND BE OPEN TO DEVELOPMENT AND CHANGE); AND (3) THAT INSTRUCTION IS TOO THEORETICAL (ON THE CONTRARY, THERE IS A TENDENCY TO OVER-VALUE DILIGENCE AND HARD WORK, VIEWING LIBRARIANSHIP AS A SERVICE INDUSTRY RATHER THAN A SCHOLARLY DISCIPLINE). A MORE LIBRARY /SOCIOLOGICAL- AND PROJECT-ORIENTED CURRICULUM IS NEEDED, CALLING FOR A DIFFERENT TYPE OF COMMITMENT FROM BOTH STUDENTS AND LECTURERS. ******************************************** Document 2549 BREADTH, SPECIALISATION AND IN-SERVICE TRAINING. REPORTS ON A MEETING OF THE COMMITTEE SET UP TO REVISE THE DANISH LIBRARY SCHOOL ACT. BOTH THE COURSES EXISTING TODAY, THE ONE FOR PUBLIC AND THE ONE FOR RESEARCH LIBRARIANS, HAVE ELEMENTS WHICH SHOULD BE RETAINED IN ANY FUTURE COMMON FOUNDATION COURSE. SUCH A COURSE SHOULD HAVE THE FOLLOWING ELEMENTS' TRANSFER OF INFORMATION AND CULTURE, ITS PRECONDITIONS, FORMS AND AIM; EDUCATION AND RESEARCH; INTERNAL ORGANISATION AND ADMINISTRATION; AND SKILLS AND TECHNIQUES. SPECIALISATION, IF ANY, COULD TAKE PLACE WITHIN THE INDIVIDUAL PROJECTS OR SUBSIDIARY COURSES. INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF IN-SERVICE COURSES WAS CALLED FOR, FINANCED BY THE REDUCTION IN THE CAPACITY OF THE SCHOOL. THE MINISTRY OF CULTURAL AFFAIRS AGREES TO AN ORGANISATIONAL DIVISION INTO 2 SECTIONS' FOUNDATION COURSE AND FURTHER COURSES. ******************************************** Document 2550 TEACHING BOOK AND PERIODICAL INDEXING AT LIVERPOOL. DESCRIBES THE METHODS USED BY THE SCHOOL OF LIBRARIANSHIP AND INFORMATION STUDIES AT LIVERPOOL POLYTECHNIC TO TEACH MODERN INDEXING TECHNIQUES, SUCH AS CHAIN INDEXING, PRECIS, AND THE APPLICATIONS OF THE COMPUTER. GIVES THE SCALE OF MARKING USED, AND INCLUDES EXTRACTS FROM 2 OF THE PROJECTS UNDERTAKEN BY STUDENTS' AN INDEX TO VOLUMES 1-8 OF A LOCAL HISTORY JOURNAL 2THE BLACKCOUNTRYMAN; 1AND THE INDEXING OF THE 2NORTH-WESTERN NEWSLETTER, 1A PERIODICAL PUBLISHED BY THE NORTH WESTERN BRANCH OF THE LIBRARY ASSOCIATION AND THE NORTH WEST DIVISION OF THE ASSOCIATION OF ASSISTANT LIBRARIANS BETWEEN 1950 AND 1975. ******************************************** Document 2551 LIBRARY PROVISION OF MUSIC-A QUESTION OF PRIORITIES. DISCUSSES THE TEACHING OF MUSIC LIBRARIANSHIP IN THE DANISH LIBRARY SCHOOL. MENTIONS A SWEDISH PROTEST LETTER AGAINST THE PROPOSED ABOLITION OF SUCH TEACHING. ALTHOUGH ABOLITION IS NOT SUGGESTED IN DENMARK, MUCH IN THE LETTER IS APPLICABLE TO DANISH CONDITIONS. IT THUS POINTS OUT THAT LIBRARIES WITH THEIR NON-COMMERCIAL OBJECTIVES CAN COUNTERACT THE PREDOMINANCE OF LARGE FOREIGN RECORD COMPANIES. IT ARGUES THAT NOW THAT MUSIC DEPARTMENTS IN LIBRARIES ARE BEING REDUCED, LIBRARIANS SHOULD RECEIVE MORE INSTRUCTION IN MUSIC LIBRARIANSHIP SO THAT THEY CAN MAKE BETTER USE OF THE LIMITED RESOURCES. NOW WHEN THE TRAINING IS TO BE REVISED, THE OPPORTUNITY SHOULD BE GRASPED TO GIVE MUSIC A HIGHER PRIORITY IN THE LIBRARY SCHOOL. ******************************************** Document 2552 EDUCATION FOR RARE BOOK LIBRARIANSHIP' A REEXAMINATION OF TRENDS AND PROBLEMS. EXAMINES THE CURRENT STATE OF CURRICULAR DEVELOPMENT AT LIBRARY SCHOOLS FAVOURING ADVANCED EDUCATION FOR ARCHIVAL OR RARE BOOK LIBRARIANSHIP. COURSE OFFERINGS AT 64 ACCREDITED LIBRARY SCHOOLS CAPABLE OF SUPPORTING TRAINING FOR RARE BOOK LIBRARIANSHIP WERE ANALYSED. THESE DATA ARE COMPARED WITH COMPARABLE FIGURES FOR OTHER COURSE OFFERINGS, PLACEMENT STATISTICS, AND PREVIOUS SURVEY DATA, GIVING A GENERAL PICTURE OF NEGLECT OF THIS FIELD. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2553 THE IMPACT OF LRC CONCEPT ON MEDIA EDUCATION. REVIEWS THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE LEARNING RESOURCES CENTRE (LRC) CONCEPT AND THE INTEGRATED LIBRARY MEDIA EDUCATION PROGRAMME IN THE USA; EXAMINES STUDIES RELATED TO LIBRARY MEDIA EDUCATION; PROPOSES A CURRICULUM FOR A FULLY INTEGRATED MEDIA EDUCATION PROGRAMME IN US LIBRARY SCHOOLS; AND DISCUSSES THE IMPORTANCE OF SUCH A CURRICULUM CHANGE. ******************************************** Document 2554 REPORT TO BLR&DD ON THE USE OF FORM DESIGNS FOR CATALOGUE INPUT' A PROJECT INVOLVING THE HP2645A DISPLAY STATION. DESCRIBES AN INVESTIGATION OF THE POTENTIAL OF A HEWLETT PACKARD HP2645A TERMINAL IN TEACHING ON-LINE CATALOGUING, INCLUDING THE USE OF THE TERMINAL'S EDITING FACILITIES, AND AN INVESTIGATION OF THE VALUE AND USEFULNESS OF VARIOUS FORM OVERLAY DESIGNS FOR THE INPUT OF MARC CATALOGUING DATA. DIFFERENT FORM DESIGNS ARE COMPARED THROUGH A STUDY OF THE DIFFICULTIES EXPERIENCED AND THE ERRORS MADE BY A TEST GROUP CONSISTING MAINLY OF STUDENTS OF LIBRARIANSHIP. ******************************************** Document 2555 INSTRUCTION TAPES FOR THE HP2645A. THE AIMS OF THE PROJECT TEAM WERE TO INVESTIGATE THE FACILITIES OF THE HP2645A TERMINAL, AND TO DEMONSTRATE ITS POTENTIAL AS A TEACHING TOOL, PARTICULARLY IN RELATION TO THE TEACHING OF CATALOGUING. TWO TRIAL TAPES WERE PRODUCED TO RUN ON THE TERMINAL. ONE WAS A PROGRAMMED TEXT ON CHAPTER 21 OF AACR2 (CHOICE OF MAIN ENTRY), AND THE OTHER WAS AN INTRODUCTION TO MARC CATALOGUING. THE REPORT DESCRIBES THE TAPES AND THE REACTIONS TO THEM OF A GROUP OF LIBRARIANSHIP STUDENTS. ******************************************** Document 2556 NEW TECHNIQUES IN THE TEACHING OF ONLINE SEARCHING. AN INSTITUTE FOR LIBRARY EDUCATORS (SEATTLE, WASHINGTON, MARCH 20-24, 1978). EXHIBITS AND SUMMARIES OF PRESENTATIONS. USING DATA BASES OF THE DIALOG SYSTEM NEW TEACHING TECHNIQUES AND MATERIALS ARE PRESENTED TO AN AUDIENCE OF LIBRARY EDUCATORS. INCLUDED ARE SEARCH DEMONSTRATIONS, TEACHING APPROACHES, SAMPLE EXERCISES AND INSTRUCTIONAL PROJECTS, MULTI-DATE BASE SEARCHING METHODS, UTILISATION OF SEARCH AIDS AND OFF-LINE RESOURCES, THE CONDUCT OF PRESEARCH INTERVIEWS, INFORMATION SEARCH TACTICS, AND EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMME PLANING. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2557 WITH BOOK ANALYSES AGAINST MORGAN KANE. THE FINAL SESSION (NOV 79) OF A COMPULSORY COURSE FOR NORWEGIAN PART-TIME LIBRARIANS DEALT WITH BOOK KNOWLEDGE, EVALUATION AND SELECTION. BASED ON GENERAL NOVELS, IT ALSO INCLUDED HIGH QUALITY AND POPULAR LITERATURE, INTRODUCING SYSTEMATIC BOOK ANALYSIS AND PROFESSIONAL TERMINOLOGY. ASSIGNING NOVELS TO GENRES WITH THE AIM OF SUPPLYING ALTERNATIVES TO SUBSTANDARD LITERATURE (SUCH AS MORGAN KANE) WAS SEEN AS BEING PARTICULARLY USEFUL. THE ART OF SKIMMING THROUGH A BOOK AND GRASPING ITS ESSENTIALS WAS PRACTISED. STUDY OF BOOK REVIEWS REVEALED THAT EVALUATIONS OF THE SAME BOOK CAN DIFFER WIDELY. AIDS TO BOOK SELECTION (ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT TO RURAL LIBRARIANS WITH NO LOCAL BOOKSHOP) WERE DISCUSSED. 2 EVENING SESSIONS ON POETRY WERE HELD. STUDENTS RETURNED TO THEIR LIBRARIES WITH A NEW INTEREST IN FICTION AND GOOD INTENTIONS OF LEADING READERS, PARTICULARLY TEENAGERS, TOWARDS BETTER-QUALITY LITERATURE. ******************************************** Document 2558 PARAPROFESSIONAL WORKERS IN FOUR FIELDS' A COMPARATIVE STUDY. COMPARES THE EDUCATION AND TRAINING OF AUSTRALIAN LIBRARY TECHNICIANS WITH THAT OF PARAPROFESSIONALS IN SOCIAL WORK, MEDICINE, AND ARCHITECTURE. DISCUSSES THE EMERGENCE OF THE CONCEPT OF PARAPROFESSIONALISM; ROLES OF PROFESSIONAL AND PARAPROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS; GOVERNMENT POLICY AND FUNDING; ROLE AND TASKS OF PARAPROFESSIONALS; MANPOWER NEEDS; AND AVAILABILITY AND LEVEL OF TRAINING COURSES. CONCLUDES THAT THE PROPORTION OF PARAPROFESSIONALS IN ALL 4 FIELDS IS LIKELY TO INCREASE; REDISTRIBUTION OF TASKS BETWEEN PROFESSIONALS AND PARAPROFESSIONALS WILL BE FELT THE MOST SEVERELY IN LIBRARIANSHIP; AND IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY WILL BE SIGNIFICANT IN ALL 4 FIELDS. ******************************************** Document 2559 MISSOURI UNION LIST OF AUDIO-VISUALS ON LIBRARY EDUCATION. ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF NON-BOOK MATERIALS ON LIBRARY/INFORMATION SCIENCE REPRESENTING THE HOLDINGS OF 40 PUBLIC AND ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN MISSOURI. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2560 TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIALS FOR INFORMATION TRAINING. A REVIEW OF RELEVANT AIDS PRODUCED IN GREAT BRITAIN AND THEIR SUITABILITY FOR USE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, PARTICULARLY IN EAST AFRICA. THE QUESTION OF INVESTIGATING THE NATURE AND AVAILABILITY OF UK-PRODUCED TEACHING/LEARNING MATERIALS IN THE FIELD OF LIBRARIANSHIP AND INFORMATION SCIENCE AND EVALUATING THEIR SUITABILITY FOR USE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, ESPECIALLY EAST AFRICA, HAS BEEN UNDER DISCUSSION SINCE 1978. THIS REPORT SURVEYS THE VARIOUS KINDS OF TEACHING/LEARNING MATERIALS AVAILABLE AND DISCUSSES THEIR SUITABILITY IN THE CLASSROOM AND FOR THE INDIVIDUAL STUDENT. ******************************************** Document 2561 USE OF MINIS, MICROS AND TERMINALS IN THE EDUCATION OF LIBRARIANS AND INFORMATION SCIENTISTS. DISCUSSES THE USE MADE OF MINIS AND MICROCOMPUTERS WITHIN THE 16 UK LIBRARY SCHOOLS TO SUPPLEMENT EXISTING COMPUTER RESOURCES AND ENABLE MANY STUDENTS TO HAVE HANDS ON ACCESS TO COMPUTER SYSTEMS IN A WIDE RANGE OF COURSES. ALSO DISCUSSES THE USE MADE OF TERMINALS, INTELLIGENT AND NON-INTELLIGENT, IN THE TEACHING OF ON-LINE CATALOGUING. ******************************************** Document 2562 TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND LIBRARIES' A PRIMER FOR LIBRARIANS AND INFORMATION MANAGERS. LOOKS AT THE EFFECTS OF CHANGES IN COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY ON LIBRARIES. CHAPTERS INCLUDE' LIBRARIES AND THE TRANSFER OF INFORMATION BY F.W. LANCASTER AND DONALD W. KING; BASICS OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS BY BRIGITTE L. KENNEY; CABLE TV AND LIBRARIES BY LYNNE E. BRADLEY; COMMUNICATIONS SATELLITES BY RITA G. LERNER; VIDEOTEXT' IMPLICATIONS AND APPLICATIONS FOR LIBRARIES BY KATHLEEN CRINER; FACSIMILE AND LIBRARIES BY JOAN MAIER MCKEAN; THE POTENTIAL IMPACT OF OPTICAL DISC TECHNOLOGY BY CHARLES M. GOLDSTEIN; THE FUTURE OF THE LIBRARY IN THE AGE OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS BY F.W. LANCASTER; ROADBLOCKS TO FUTURE IDEAL INFORMATION TRANSFER SYSTEMS BY DONALD W. KING; AND A BIBLIOGRAPHIC INTRODUCTION TO TELECOMMUNICATIONS BY DAVID DORMAN. THE FOREWORD IS BY EFREM SIGEL. ******************************************** Document 2563 LIBRARY HISTORY IN BRITAIN' PROGRESS AND PROSPECTS. LITERATURE REVIEW OF WRITINGS ON THE HISTORY OF LIBRARIES IN BRITAIN, WITH SOME COMMENTS ON THE FUTURE OF LIBRARY HISTORY STUDY, BASED ON A SURVEY OF BRITISH PUBLIC LIBRARY ADMINISTRATIVE RECORDS. APPENDED ARE A REPRINTED QUESTIONNAIRE, AND A TABLE OF THE EARLIEST MATERIALS HELD BY UK LIBRARY SYSTEMS. ******************************************** Document 2564 FRANCE FROM THE LIBRARIAN'S VIEW. COMPARED WITH THE USA, UK AND THE SCANDINAVIAN STATES FRANCE HAS AWAKENED FROM ITS DREAM LATE TO TRY TO DEVELOP AN UP-TO-DATE LIBRARIANSHIP. IN RECENT YEARS DEVELOPMENT HAS BEEN SIGNIFICANT. THIS IS EVIDENCED BY THE 5-STORY CENTRE GEORGES POMPIDOU INAUGURATED IN 1976. IT IS A COMPLEX OF MUSEUM, LIBRARY, BOOKSHOP, RECORD SHOP, CINEMAS, THEATRE, CONCERT HALL, I.E. A KIND OF CULTURAL CENTRE. AFTER AN ACCOUNT OF THE BIBLIOTHEQUE NATIONALE, DESCRIBES THE CENTRAL LIBRARY OF THE PARIS MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, WHICH HAS 2 PARTS-AN OLDER AND AN UP-TO-DATE HOLDING. OBSERVING CRITICALLY, THE LIBRARY OF THE PARIS MEDICAL UNIVERSITY FALLS BEHIND THE MORE MECHANISED US ONES BUT THE LIBRARIES OF HUNGARIAN MEDICAL UNIVERSITIES HAVE STILL A GREAT DEAL OF WORK TO DO TO REACH THIS 'MODEST' LEVEL. ******************************************** Document 2565 LIBRARY ACTIVITIES CELEBRATING NATIONAL HERITAGE YEAR IN FRANCE. SURVEY OF THE NUMEROUS DIVERSE ACTIVITIES ORGANISED BY FRENCH LIBRARIES TO MARK THE OCCASION IN 1980. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF EXHIBITIONS, CULTURAL ACTIVITIES, PUBLICATIONS, INVENTORIES AND RESTORATION PROJECTS, AND NOTABLE ACQUISITIONS, WITH PARTICULAR EMPHASIS ON THE PROVINCIAL LIBRARIES WHICH THE PRESS TENDS TO IGNORE IN FAVOUR OF PARIS EVENTS. ******************************************** Document 2566 THE FIRST IN RUSSIA. 10TH CENTURY CHRONICLES TELL HOW MANY RUSSIAN PRINCES ENJOYED BOOK-COLLECTING AND FOUNDED SCHOOLS. AN 11TH CENTURY CHRONICLE DESCRIBES THE 1ST RUSSIAN LIBRARY'S CREATION, THE YAROSLAV LIBRARY, CONTAINING ABOUT 500 VOLUMES. OUR ANCESTORS READ DEVOTIONAL BOOKS, LIVES OF THE SAINTS, ENCYCLOPAEDIC WORKS, AND GEOGRAPHY. THE KIEVO-PECHERSKII MONASTERY IN KIEV HAD A LARGE COLLECTION OF RUSSIAN AND GREEK BOOKS. A COLLECTION OF RYAZAN LITERATURE AT THE NIKOLA CHURCH IN ZARAISK EVIDENCES THE WIDE DISSEMINATION OF CULTURE. HALF OF ALL SURVIVING 11TH TO 14TH CENTURY RUSSIAN BOOKS COME FROM NOVGOROD. THE SOFIISKOI CATHEDRAL LIBRARY IN NOVGOROD ATTRACTED MONKS FROM DISTANT RUSSIAN MONASTERIES TO TRANSCRIBE THE BOOKS. ******************************************** Document 2567 CHINESE LIBRARIES DURING AND AFTER THE CULTURAL REVOLUTION. PAPER BASED PRIMARILY ON DATA COLLECTED ON A VISIT IN 1978 TO THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA. PROVIDES A BRIEF ACCOUNT OF THE HISTORY OF CHINESE LIBRARIES IN CONTEMPORARY CHINA, AND ATTEMPTS TO DESCRIBE HOW THEY ARE MEETING THE CHALLENGES OF A CULTURE MOVING AWAY FROM ANTI-INTELLECTUALISM TO SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCHES, AND WHAT THEIR SALIENT PROBLEMS ARE. THE WORK IS IN 3 MAIN SECTIONS' BEFORE THE CULTURAL REVOLUTION, 1949-1966; THE CULTURAL REVOLUTION, 1966-1976; AND AFTER THE CULTURAL REVOLUTION, 1976-. ******************************************** Document 2568 WHEN THE NATIONAL LIBRARIAN AGAIN SPOKE HIS MIND. COMMENTS ON THE ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DANISH RESEARCH LIBRARY ASSOCIATION (DANMARKS FORSKNINGSBIBLIOTEKSFORENINGS) GIVEN BY PALLE BIRKELUND, THE NATIONAL LIBRARIAN. DANISH RESEARCH LIBRARIES ARE NOT GIVEN THE SUPPORT FROM THE STATE IN THE ECONOMIC CRISIS WHICH THEY RECEIVE IN SWEDEN. HE EXPRESSED FEARS THAT THE PROPOSED LIBRARY ACT, FAR FROM CREATING UNITY WITHIN THE DANISH LIBRARY SERVICE, WOULD EMPHASISE THE DIVISION BETWEEN RESEARCH LIBRARIES UNDER THE CULTURAL MINISTRY AND THOSE UNDER THE EDUCATION MINISTRY. HE HOPED THAT THE CULTURAL MINISTER WOULD NOT BE UNDULY INFLUENCED BY THE DANISH LIBRARY ASSOCIATION WHEN FORMULATING THE LIBRARY ACT RELATED TO RESEARCH LIBRARIES. INSTEAD OF ATTACKING THEM FOR LACK OF OPENNESS TO THE PUBLIC THE MINISTER SHOULD SEE THAT ECONOMIC BARRIERS TO THEIR ACTIVITIES ARE REMOVED. ******************************************** Document 2569 LIBRARIES AND BOTANICAL GARDENS. SUGGESTS THAT BOTANICAL GARDENS SHOULD BE DIVIDED INTO 3 PARTS' THE LIVING COLLECTION, THE DRIED COLLECTION AND THE LIBRARY. BRIEFLY DESCRIBES THE STERLING MORTON LIBRARY AT THE MORTON ARBORETUM, CHICAGO AND DEPLORES THE BREAKING UP AND SELLING OFF OF SOME MAJOR BOTANICAL GARDENS IN EUROPE AND NEW YORK. ALSO STRESSES THAT A LIBRARY IS MORE THAN A COLLECTION OF BOOKS-IT IS A SELECTION FOR A PURPOSE, CHOSEN WITH CARE AND SHOULD NOT BE COMPLETELY REPLACED BY ELECTRONIC MEDIA. ******************************************** Document 2570 REPORT ON THE 4TH WORLD CONFERENCE OF MEDICAL LIBRARIANS, BELGRADE, 2-5 SEPTEMBER 80. THE AIM OF THE CONGRESS WAS TO REVIEW CHANGES IN MEDICAL LIBRARIANSHIP SINCE THE AMSTERDAM CONGRESS IN 1969, AND TO ANALYSE THE VARIEGATED PROBLEMS OF MEDICAL LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS. ******************************************** Document 2571 MEDICAL LIBRARIANSHIP IN BIHAR. A CHALLENGE TO THE PROFESSION. DESCRIBES THE ROLE OF LIBRARIES IN MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH AND PRESENTS A VIEW OF THE PRESENT STATE OF MEDICAL LIBRARIES IN BIHAR AND THE WORKING CONDITIONS OF THE PROFESSIONALS ENGAGED THERE. STRESSES THE NEED FOR REORGANISATION OF THESE LIBRARIES WITH IMPROVED TECHNICAL SERVICES. SUGGESTS THAT THESE LIBRARIES SHOULD USE THE FACILITIES PROVIDED BY THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION, THE NATIONAL MEDICAL LIBRARY IN DELHI AND THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE IN WASHINGTON. ******************************************** Document 2572 A STUDY TOUR OF ART LIBRARIES IN GERMANY DURING SEPTEMBER 1979. PART 1. THE 1ST PART OF A 2-PART ARTICLE REPORTING THE AUTHOR'S VISIT TO WEST GERMAN ART LIBRARIES (PART 2 IS TO BE PUBLISHED IN THE NEXT ISSUE). CONCENTRATES ON THE KUNSTBIBLIOTHEK AND THE MUSEUMSBIBLIOTHEK DER STAATLICHEN MUSEEN PREUSSISCHER KULTURBESITZ IN BERLIN, THE BIBLIOTHEK DES GERMANISCHEN NATIONALMUSEUM, NUREMBERG, AND THE KUNST- UND MUSEUMSBIBLIOTHEK DER STADT KOLN, COLOGNE. DESCRIBES THE SCOPE AND ORGANISATION OF THESE LIBRARIES AND DISCUSSES GENERAL TOPICS SUCH AS THE EXCHANGE OF PUBLICATION BETWEEN MUSEUMS AND INTERLIBRARY COOPERATION. ******************************************** Document 2573 THEATRE LIBRARIANSHIP. OCCASIONAL PUBLICATION SERIES NUMBER TEN. DEVELOPED TO SHED LIGHT ON UK THEATRE LIBRARIANSHIP, THIS STUDY DEFINES THEATRE LIBRARIES, ILLUSTRATES THE KIND OF WORK CARRIED OUT IN THEATRE LIBRARIES AND COLLECTIONS, REVIEWS FUNCTIONAL PROBLEM AREAS, AND ADVOCATES BETTER ORGANISATION, FINANCING, AND STAFFING FOR THESE UNIQUE INSTITUTIONS. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2574 THE LIBRARY OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. A BRIEF ACCOUNT OF THE HISTORY, DEVELOPMENT, CONTENTS, AND SERVICES OF THE UK HOUSE OF COMMONS LIBRARY AND DISCUSSION OF THE DISTINCTIVE QUALITIES OF LIBRARIANSHIP FOR LEGISLATURES. ******************************************** Document 2575 THE FRENCH BIBLIOTHEQUE NATIONALE FROM 1975 TO 1981. A SURVEY OF THE BIBLIOTHEQUE NATIONALE'S MAIN ACTIVITIES SINCE REORGANISATION IN 1975 SHOWING PROGRESS TO DATE IN CARRYING OUT ITS NEW FUNCTIONS. COVERS GENERAL REORGANISATION TO MEET NEW RESPONSIBILITIES; BUDGETING AND STAFF; REALLOCATION AND RESTORATION OF BUILDINGS TO HOUSE INCREASED HOLDINGS, WITH DETAILS OF PROVINCIAL VENTURES; ENRICHMENT OF COLLECTIONS, WITH DETAILS OF RECENT DONATIONS AND PURCHASES; CONSERVATION ACTIVITIES AND PROJECTS; INDEXING AND INFORMATION WORK IN RELATION TO CATALOGUES; GENERAL PUBLICITY AND EXHIBITIONS, WITH DETAILS OF PUBLICATIONS AND TEMPORARY AND PERMANENT DISPLAYS; RESEARCH WORK IN PROGRESS; AND COOPERATION WITH OTHER LIBRARIES. FINALLY DISCUSSES ADMINISTRATIVE AND FINANCIAL OBSTACLES INHIBITING A FULLER REALISATION OF THE BIBLIOTHEQUE NATIONALE'S ROLE. ******************************************** Document 2576 A GLANCE ACROSS THE RHINE' THE FRENCH CENTRAL LENDING LIBRARIES. THE 76 FRENCH CENTRAL LENDING LIBRARIES, COMPARABLE WITH THE GERMAN STATE LIBRARY CENTRES, ARE ADMINISTERED BY THE MINISTRY OF CULTURE AND COMMUNICATION. EACH LIBRARY CONTAINS A GARAGE FOR THE MOBILE LIBRARIES, BOOK STORES, OFFICES AND MULTI-PURPOSE ROOMS FOR COMMITTEE MEETINGS, CONFERENCES AND STAFF TRAINING SESSIONS. LARGE BOOK STOCKS AVERAGING 300,000 VOLUMES LEAD TO SPACE SHORTAGES. STAFF INCLUDE BOTH STATE EMPLOYEES AND VOLUNTEERS. HELP FOR CULTURALLY UNDERPRIVILEGED AREAS IS PROVIDED BY' DIRECT LOAN TO THE PUBLIC FROM MOBILE LIBRARIES; DEPOSIT LOAN IN FACTORIES, SCHOOLS, YOUTH CLUBS, HOLIDAY RESORTS AND OLD PEOPLE'S HOMES; ORGANISATION OF BOOK-ORIENTED ACTIVITIES. THE CENTRAL LENDING LIBRARIES' WORK REFLECTS THE CURRENT TENDENCY TOWARD DECENTRALISATION. ******************************************** Document 2577 THE PUBLIC LIBRARY AS THE DEPENDENT VARIABLE' HISTORICALLY ORIENTED THEORIES AND HYPOTHESES OF PUBLIC LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT. IDENTIFIES THOSE WRITINGS IN THE AREA OF LIBRARY HISTORY WHICH HAVE ATTEMPTED TO STATE THEORETICALLY ORIENTED GENERALISATIONS ABOUT THE DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES; ASSESSES THE EXTENT TO WHICH THESE THEORIES CONFORM TO THE TYPES OF THEORIES USED IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES; AND DETERMINES THE EXTENT TO WHICH THESE THEORIES OR GENERALISATIONS HAVE BEEN SUPPORTED BY EMPIRICAL RESEARCH. THE CENTRAL GEOGRAPHICAL FOCUS IS ON THE US PUBLIC LIBRARY, BUT ATTENTION IS ALSO PAID TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN WESTERN EUROPE. ******************************************** Document 2578 THE PEOPLE WANT PAP, OR IDEAS FOR AN ALTERNATIVE FORM OF LIBRARY WORK. A YOUNG LIBRARIAN CHALLENGES HIS COLLEAGUES TO QUESTION THE ATTITUDE THAT THEY HAVE HELD TOWARDS THEIR WORK UNTIL NOW. PUBLIC LIBRARIES ARE AT PRESENT IN A BLIND ALLEY. LIBRARIANS HAVE FORGOTTEN THAT BOOKS ARE NOT SIMPLY THE SOURCES OF CERTAIN IDEAS' THEY ARE ALSO GOODS SUBJECT TO THE LAWS OF MARKETING, HENCE THE PREDOMINANCE OF BEST-SELLERS AND TRIVIAL MATERIAL ON THE MARKET. IT IS WRONG TO VALUE THE ABILITY TO READ ABOVE THAT OF PLAYING FOOTBALL; WHAT IS VITAL IS DISCRIMINATION AND SENSITIVITY TOWARDS THE ACTUAL CONTENTS OF THE MATERIAL READ. LIBRARIANS ARE AFTER ALL RESPONSIBLE FOR ALL THEIR ACTUAL AND POTENTIAL READERS, BY WHOM THEIR WORK IS FINANCED. ******************************************** Document 2579 ALL LIBRARIES SHOULD BE FOR ALL. ARGUES THAT DANISH PUBLIC LIBRARIES ARE NO LONGER FOLLOW THE DEMOCRATIC TRADITION OF ANGLO-SAXON LIBRARIES, NOR DO THEY RESPOND TO THE NEW SIGNALS COMING FROM THE UK AND THE USA, WHERE THE SOCIAL IMPORTANCE OF LIBRARIES AND THE NEED FOR COORDINATION OF LIBRARY SERVICES ARE STRESSED AND WHERE IT IS FELT THAT LIBRARIES AS ARSENALS OF KNOWLEDGE HAVE THE SOLUTION TO MAN'S GLOBAL PROBLEMS. IN SWEDEN TOO THERE IS A TENDENCY TOWARDS A UNIFIED LIBRARY SYSTEM. INSISTS THAT ALL LIBRARY TYPES SHOULD BE DEMOCRATICALLY CONTROLLED UNDER 1 MINISTRY; THE SEPARATIST ATTITUDE OF RESEARCH LIBRARIES IS THEREFORE REGRETTABLE. LIBRARIES SHOULD DEFINE THEIR USERS MORE BROADLY, NOW THAT THE EDUCATIONAL LEVEL OF THE POPULATION HAS RISEN AND USERS NEED MATERIAL AT ALL LEVELS. ECONOMIC CUTS NECESSITATE A UNIFIED SYSTEM TO DISTRIBUTE RESOURCES. USE OF THE NEW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN LIBRARIES IS A QUESTION OF THE SURVIVAL OF THE DEMOCRATIC LIBRARY, IT CAN REVOLUTIONISE RURAL LIFE AN D EDUCATION. IT IS SOCIETY THROUGH ITS DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS WHICH MUST DECIDE WHETHER INFORMATION IS TO BE A PUBLIC, DEMOCRATICALLY CONTROLLED, OR A PRIVATE CONCERN. ******************************************** Document 2580 ALBANIA-A JOURNEY INTO THE PAST AND FUTURE. DESCRIBES LIBRARY CONDITIONS IN ALBANIA. THE COUNTRY HAS A POLICY OF SELF-SUFFICIENCY, WHICH CAN MAKE IT SEEM ISOLATED POLITICALLY AND ECONOMICALLY. THE PUBLIC LIBRARY STRUCTURE CONSISTS OF THE NATIONAL LIBRARY AND 26 CENTRAL, DISTRICT, LIBRARIES. THE LATTER COORDINATE LOCAL LIBRARY ACTIVITIES. THE NATIONAL LIBRARY IN TIRANA, WITH 800,000 VOLUMES, HAS, LIKE OTHER PUBLIC LIBRARIES, MAINLY TECHNICAL, SCIENTIFIC, POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC WORKS, AND RECEIVES 15 COPIES OF EACH BOOK PUBLISHED IN ALBANIA. IT RUNS A 2-YEAR COURSE IN LIBRARIANSHIP. DESCRIBES VISITS TO LIBRARIES IN TIRANA AND FIER AND TO THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY IN TIRANA, FOUNDED IN 1957, WITH 550,000 VOLUMES. CULTURAL ACTIVITIES ARE GIVEN HIGH PRIORITY, BUT TAKE PLACE OUTSIDE LIBRARIES IN CULTURAL CENTRES. ******************************************** Document 2581 FROM THE WORK OF THE HENTEL AIMAK LIBRARY. THE STOCK OF THE HENTEL AIMAK LIBRARY IN MONGOLIA HAS GROWN FROM 200 VOLUMES IN 1944 TO 50,000 VOLUMES TODAY. ACQUISITIONS ARE BASED ON AN ANNUAL THEMATICAL PLAN, THE HIGHEST % BEING SOCIO-POLITICAL LITERATURE (26,3%) FOLLOWED BY CHILDREN'S BOOKS (25,7%) AND BOOKS ON ARTS (24,7%). CIRCULATION AND BOOK PROCESSING METHODS ARE ALSO DISCUSSED. 1 OF THE MAIN FUNCTIONS OF THE LIBRARY IS THE PROVISION OF METHODOLOGICAL GUIDANCE TO SMALLER LIBRARIES IN ITS AREA INCLUDING TOWN, VILLAGE AND SCHOOL LIBRARIES. THIS IS DONE THROUGH LIBRARY SEMINARS AND THE PUBLICATION OF METHODOLOGICAL MATERIALS. PRACTICAL HELP IS PROVIDED BY LIBRARIANS-METHODOLOGISTS WHO TRAVEL TO THE SMALLER LIBRARIES ON REGULAR VISITS. ******************************************** Document 2582 LIBRARY SERVICES IN INDONESIA. AS PART OF A PROGRAMME OF NATIONAL RECONSTRUCTION THE GOVERNMENT OF INDONESIA HAS LAID GREAT EMPHASIS ON THE PROVISION OF EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES FOR ALL SECTORS OF THE POPULATION. AS AN INTEGRAL PART OF THIS PROGRAMME THE GOVERNMENT HAS DRAWN UP PLANS FOR THE CREATION OF A NATIONAL NETWORK OF LIBRARY SERVICES TO PROMOTE EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES AND TO PROVIDE INFORMATION FOR THE CULTURAL AND RECREATIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE INDIVIDUAL. IN 1974 THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND CULTURE CREATED THE NATIONAL CENTRE FOR LIBRARY SERVICES TO SUPERVISE THE CARRYING OUT OF THIS PROGRAMME. IN THE LAST 5 YEARS A NETWORK OF LIBRARIES HAS BEEN SET UP THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY, INCLUDING 19 REGIONAL LIBRARY CENTRES AND A NEW NATIONAL LIBRARY, AND 2,000 STAFF HAVE RECEIVED LIBRARY TRAINING. ******************************************** Document 2583 TANZANIA AND ITS PUBLIC LIBRARIES. SINCE TANZANIA BECAME INDEPENDENT IN 1961 THE LIBRARY SYSTEM HAS BEEN DEVELOPED AS AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE EDUCATION SYSTEM. IN 1963 THE LIBRARY SERVICES BOARD ACT WAS PASSED WHICH LED TO THE NATIONAL CENTRAL LIBRARY IN DAR ES SALAAM BEING BUILT IN 1967. THE LIBRARY STARTED WITH A STOCK OF 136,000 AND IS THE HEADQUARTERS OF THE TANZANIA LIBRARY SERVICES. FROM THIS CENTRE OTHER LIBRARIES WERE PLANNED, FIRSTLY IN THE DISTRICT TOWNS, THEN ON A SMALLER SCALE IN RURAL AREAS. CONVERTED LORRIES SERVED AS MOBILE LIBRARIES IN RURAL AREAS AT FIRST. THE TOTAL STOCK OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES STILL ONLY TOTALS 900,000 FOR A POPULATION OF 17,000,000. A UNIVERSITY LIBRARY WAS FOUNDED IN DAR ES SALAAM IN 1961. AT PRESENT COMPLETE TRAINING FACILITIES FOR LIBRARY STAFF ARE NOT AVAILABLE AND LIBRARY STUDENTS HAVE TO SPEND SOME TIME STUDYING ABROAD. A LIBRARY ASSOCIATION EXISTS' TANZANIA LIBRARY ASSOCIATION AND PUBLISHES A JOURNAL CALLED 2MAKTABA1. ******************************************** Document 2584 THE PUBLIC LIBRARY MISSION STATEMENT AND ITS IMPERATIVES FOR SERVICE. WORK PREPARED BY THE PUBLIC LIBRARY ASSOCIATION GOALS, GUIDELINES, AND STANDARDS COMMITTEE. INTERIM STATEMENT, PRODUCED AS A BRIDGE TO THE NEW AND LONG-DESIRED APPROACH TO LIBRARY STANDARDS. PRESENTS A STATEMENT ON THE PRESENT US PUBLIC LIBRARY SITUATION, DETAILS OF NEEDED RESPONSES TO SOCIAL CHANGE AND IMPERATIVES FOR PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICES. ******************************************** Document 2585 PROFILE OF A PUBLIC LIBRARY. THE 5-YEARLY 2CENSUS OF LIBRARIES1, PUBLISHED BY THE NEW ZEALAND DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS, PROVIDES SO MUCH QUANTITATIVE INFORMATION ON THE COUNTRY'S LIBRARIES THAT IT IS EXTREMELY DIFFICULT TO DIGEST AND INTERPRET. USING THE 1974 ISSUE (THE MOST RECENTLY PUBLISHED), SETS OUT A METHOD OF PRODUCING A PROFILE (IN THE FORMAT OF A GRAPH) OF A PUBLIC LIBRARY, BASED ON 5 FACTORS (POPULATION SERVED, TOTAL BOOK-STOCK, CIRCULATION, NUMBER OF FULL-TIME STAFF, AND OPERATING EXPENDITURE). THIS PROFILE ENABLES COMPARISONS TO BE MADE OF THE RELATIVE PERFORMANCE OF SIMILAR LIBRARIES. ******************************************** Document 2586 IF CONFIDENCE VANISHES IN THE FUTURE' STATE LIBRARY CENTRE, WHITHER GOEST THOU?. MOST STATE LIBRARY CENTRES, EXCEPT THOSE IN BAVARIA, NOW HAVE TO FACE FINANCIAL RESTRICTIONS, JUST AT A TIME WHEN INCREASES IN STOCKS AND SERVICES ARE BADLY NEEDED. EVERYTHING THAT LIBRARY CENTRES HOPED FOR SEEMS THREATENED. THE GERMAN TENDENCY TOWARDS PERFECTION APPLIES TO MEDIUM-SIZED RATHER THAN TO SMALL ORGANISATIONS. THE INCREASED USE OF NON-BOOK MEDIA HAS CHANGED THE CENTRES' ROLE. THE CENTRES HAVE PLAYED AN INVALUABLE PART IN DEVELOPING RURAL LIBRARY SERVICES BUT THEIR GOLDEN AGE IS NOW PAST. LIBRARY POLICY COULD BE ALTERED, HOWEVER, THROUGH THE PERFORMANCE OF THE CENTRES' TASKS BY REGIONAL LIBRARY ASSOCIATIONS. THESE ASSOCIATIONS SHOULD BE FORMED IN AREAS WHERE NONE EXIST; BASED ON A CONSTITUTION WORKED OUT BY LOCAL POLITICIANS, THEY CAN WORK TOWARDS IMPROVING SERVICE QUALITY. ******************************************** Document 2587 AVOIDING THE WORST' THE 29TH CONFERENCE OF THE STATE LIBRARY CENTRES IN BURGHAUSEN. REPORT OF THE CONFERENCE HELD IN SEPT/OCT 81, WITH A CENTRAL THEME OF LITERATURE PROVISION FOR RURAL AREAS. SUBJECTS COVERED INCLUDED' THE FORESEEABLE AND UNFORESEEABLE ASPECTS OF LIBRARY PLANNING; THE TASKS AND FUNCTIONS OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES AT DIFFERENT LEVELS OF SPATIAL PLANNING; AND LITERATURE PROVISION WITHIN RURAL CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT. WARNINGS WERE GIVEN AGAINST EMERGENCY SOLUTIONS PROVIDED WITHOUT PROFESSIONAL EXPERTISE AND AGAINST RESIGNATION IN THE FACE OF DIFFICULTIES. A BROADLY BASED, DECENTRALISED LENDING SYSTEM SHOULD CATER FOR BOTH GENERAL AND SPECIALISED REQUIREMENTS. THE STATE SHOULD SUPPORT AND COMPLEMENT LOCAL LIBRARY SERVICES BUT REFRAIN FROM EXCESSIVE INTERFERENCE IN THEM. BAVARIA IS THE STATE THAT HAS MADE MOST PROGRESS IN THIS DIRECTION; ITS STATE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME REFLECTS THE IMPORTANCE OF SYSTEMATIC PLANNING. ******************************************** Document 2588 BLACKPOOL LIBRARIES 1880-1980. A BRIEF HISTORY TO COMMEMORATE 100 YEARS OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN BLACKPOOL, UK. DESCRIBES EVENTS LEADING UP TO THE OPENING OF THE 1ST LIBRARY 18 JUNE 1880 WITH A STOCK OF 1,000. THE LIBRARY MOVED TO LARGER PREMISES IN ST. JOHN'S MARKET BUILDINGS IN 1895 AND YET AGAIN INTO A NEW BUILDING FUNDED BY CARNEGIE IN 1911. TRACES THE DEVELOPMENT OF BRANCH LIBRARIES AND REORGANISATION OF THE SYSTEM AFTER WORLD WAR II. CONCLUDES WITH AN OVERVIEW OF THE SITUATION SINCE LANCASHIRE COUNTY COUNCIL TOOK OVER RESPONSIBILITY FOR BLACKPOOL'S LIBRARY SERVICE IN 1974. ******************************************** Document 2589 IT'S A SQUASH IN NAESTVED. REPORT ON NAESTVED PUBLIC LIBRARY, INCLUDING INTERVIEWS WITH USERS AND THE LIBRARIAN. THE LIBRARY IS CENTRALLY PLACED, HAS A TOTAL OF 1614 SQ.M. ON 3 FLOORS AND EMPLOYS 36 STAFF. WITH A POPULATION OF 45,000, NAESTVED NOW NEEDS A MAIN LIBRARY OF 4000 SQ.M. IN ADDITION TO THE PLANNED BRANCH LIBRARY SERVING THE TOWN'S EAST END. INTERVIEWS USERS OF THE NEWSPAPER READING ROOM, THE GENERAL LENDING SECTION, THE MUSIC LIBRARY, WHICH LENDS RECORDS AND TAPES, AND THE CHILDREN'S LIBRARY; MOST OF THESE WERE SATISFIED WITH THE SERVICES. CUTS HAVE NOT AFFECTED ACQUISITIONS AS MUCH AS FEARED, BUT SERVICES SUCH AS THE HOME LOAN SERVICE TO THE ELDERLY AND THE MOBILE LIBRARY SERVICES ARE OVERSTRETCHED, AND SPACE FOR MEETINGS AND ARRANGEMENTS IS INADEQUATE. FILMS ARE SHOWN IN THE LOCAL CINEMA. ******************************************** Document 2590 A GLANCE AT ALMA PUBLIC LIBRARY, QUEBEC. AN ACCOUNT OF HOW SERVICES AT ALMA PUBLIC LIBRARY, QUEBEC WERE EXPANDED ON RELOCATION IN MORE SPACIOUS QUARTERS, WITHIN THE LIMITATIONS OF SEVERE BUDGET RESTRICTIONS. PRIORITIES WERE IMPROVEMENT OF THE REFERENCE SERVICE, CREATION OF SUBJECT DEPARTMENTS, CATALOGUING NEW AND EXISTING STOCK, INTRODUCTION OF READER SERVICES, COLLABORATION WITH SCHOOLS, AND ORGANISATION OF EXHIBITIONS. FUTURE PROJECTS ARE OUTLINED. ******************************************** Document 2591 THE LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SYSTEM OF THE UNIVERSITY AT KAISERSLAUTERN. KAISERSLAUTERN IS A SMALL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY WITH 3,500 STUDENTS AT PRESENT. THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY IS AN INTEGRATED LIBRARY WITH A CENTRAL LIBRARY AND 5 DEPARTMENTAL LIBRARIES. AT PRESENT THERE IS NO 1 BUILDING FOR THE CENTRAL LIBRARY WHICH IS SPREAD OVER 4 SITES, BUT A NEW BUILDING IS PLANNED FOR 1983. THE LIBRARY HAS HAD INSUFFICIENT STAFF FROM THE START AND THIS PROBLEM REMAINS UNSOLVED. THE LIBRARY IS BY NO MEANS A UNIVERSAL LIBRARY; ITS COLLECTION COVERS ALL THE SUBJECTS OFFERED BY THE UNIVERSITY WHICH ARE TECHNICAL AND SCIENTIFIC. THE STOCK AMOUNTS TO OVER 350,000 VOLUMES AND IS ANNUALLY INCREASED BY A FURTHER 50,000. ******************************************** Document 2592 TWO-YEAR COLLEGE LIBRARIES' A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS IN TERMS OF ACRL 2STANDARDS. THE ANALYSIS OF 1977 HIGHER EDUCATION GENERAL INFORMATION SURVEYS (HEGIS) DATA FOR 2-YEAR COLLEGE LIBRARIES IN TERMS OF THE 1979 ASSOCIATION OF COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES (ACRL) 2STANDARDS 1SHOWS THAT A MAJORITY DO NOT MEET THE STANDARDS IN RESPECT TO NEARLY ALL THE VARIABLES AVAILABLE FOR STUDY. HEGIS DATA DO NOT INCLUDE MEASURES OF SOME IMPORTANT FACTORS SUCH AS SPACE AND EQUIPMENT, AND NOT ALL DATA ARE GATHERED IN TERMS THAT MATCH THE 2STANDARDS' 1DEFINITIONS. INCREASED FINANCIAL SUPPORT IS NEEDED TO BRING THE LIBRARIES OF THE USA'S 2-YEAR SCHOOLS UP TO STANDARD. ******************************************** Document 2593 SLAVIC ETHNIC LIBRARIES, MUSEUMS AND ARCHIVES IN THE UNITED STATES' A GUIDE AND DIRECTORY. (WORK PREPARED WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF PAT KLEEBERGER.) DESCRIBES THE HOLDINGS AND SERVICES OF US SLAVIC ETHNIC CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS, WITH DETAILS OF INSTITUTIONAL NAME, ADDRESS AND TELEPHONE NUMBER; PERSONNEL; SCOPE; STAFF; PUBLICATIONS; COLLECTION; AND OTHER COMMENTS. ******************************************** Document 2594 THE VATICAN LIBRARY. DESCRIBES THE VATICAN LIBRARY. DESPITE NUMEROUS PLUNDERS AND DISPERSALS OF THE COLLECTIONS THE LIBRARY HAS GROWN UNDER THE CARE OF MANY LIBRARY CARDINALS AND POPES. THUS ON THE DEATH OF POPE NICHOLAS V IN 1455 IT CONTAINED EUROPE'S LARGEST MANUSCRIPT COLLECTION. THE OFFICIAL FOUNDATION WAS LAID WITH SIXTUS IV'S BULL IN 1475, THE COLLECTION WAS ORGANISED IN 4 PARTS, AND THE 1ST CATALOGUE APPEARED IN 1485. A LIBERAL LENDING POLICY WAS STOPPED FOR ALL TIME BY SIXTUS V, WHO ALSO HAD THE PRESENT BUILDING ERECTED IN 1588. EXPANSION FORCED THE LIBRARY TO OCCUPY ROOMS OTHER THAN THE ORIGINAL SISTINE SALOON. THE 20TH CENTURY HAS SEEN MODERNISATION OF THE BUILDING AND OF ADMINISTRATIVE AND LIBRARY TECHNIQUES. THE LIBRARY CONTAINS AMONG MANY PRECIOUS MANUSCRIPTS THE COLLECTION BELONGING TO QUEEN CHRISTINA OF SWEDEN. CATALOGUING OF MANUSCRIPTS, INCUNABULA AND PRINTED BOOKS HAS BEEN GOING ON SINCE THE 15TH CENTURY. ******************************************** Document 2595 THE VATICAN LIBRARY FROM LEO XIII TO JOHN PAUL II. FROM 1879, UNDER THE PONTIFICATE OF LEO XIII, THE DOORS OF THE VATICAN LIBRARY AND ARCHIVES WERE OPENED WIDER UNTIL, BY 1885, BOTH INSTITUTIONS WELCOMED ALL WHO REPRESENTED THE WORLD OF LEARNING IRRESPECTIVE OF RACE, CREED OR CLASS. TRACES THE DEVELOPMENT OF THESE INSTITUTIONS TO THE PRESENT DAY, MENTIONING THE MAJOR FIGURES AND THE ROLE OF THE US, PARTICULARLY THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. TODAY THE LIBRARY CONTAINS 60,000 CODICES AND 700,000 PRINTED BOOKS OF WHICH OVER 7,000 ARE INCUNABULA, ALSO 100,000 MAPS AND ENGRAVINGS. THE ARCHIVES ARE MAINLY THE PAPAL WORKING FILES OF OTHER DAYS. BOTH HAVE SEPARATE PHOTOGRAPHIC UNITS. ******************************************** Document 2596 THE SMALL CHURCH LIBRARY' A GUIDE TO ORGANISING AND MANAGING IT. DISCUSSES BRIEFLY THE ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT OF A CHURCH LIBRARY UNDER THE FOLLOWING HEADINGS' SIZE AND LOCATION; DECIDING ON A CLASSIFICATION SCHEME; EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES; PREPARING BOOKS FOR THE SHELVES; TYPING AND FILING CATALOGUE CARDS; SETTING UP THE CIRCULATION SYSTEM; MAKING SIGNS AND SHELF LABELS; MAGAZINES AND OTHER MATERIALS; PUTTING THE LIBRARY INTO OPERATION, SELECTING BOOKS, AND PROMOTING USE. ******************************************** Document 2597 RESEARCH LIBRARIES OF THE ARCHDIOCESE OF VIENNA. UNLIKE MANY OTHER GERMAN SPEAKING DIOCESES, VIENNA HAS NO DIOCESAN LIBRARY AS SUCH BUT THERE ARE SEVERAL ACADEMIC LIBRARIES ATTACHED TO VARIOUS INSTITUTIONS BESIDES THE PUBLIC LIBRARIES ADMINISTERED BY THE CHURCH. BRIEF HISTORIES ARE GIVEN OF THE 9 EXISTING ACADEMIC LIBRARIES OF THE DIOCESE. THE SEMINARY LIBRARY IS THE LARGEST, WITH 65,000 VOLUMES AND THE ARCHDIOCESAN LIBRARY IS THE OLDEST, FOUNDED IN 15TH CENTURY, AND HOUSING 30,000 VOLUMES. OTHER LIBRARIES ARE RELATIVELY NEW AND QUITE SMALL. MORE COORDINATION BETWEEN THEM WOULD BE MUTUALLY BENEFICIAL AS WELL AS GREATER COOPERATION WITH THE PUBLIC SECTOR. ******************************************** Document 2598 RECONSTRUCTION PLAN OF THE MEDICAL LIBRARY AT GERLE. DEVELOPMENT OF THE MEDICAL LIBRARY AT THE NYIREGYHAZA COUNTY HOSPITAL HAS BEEN PLANNED TO BECOME AN INFORMATION SUPPLY BASIS AND SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP OF THE PARENT ESTABLISHMENT. THE PRESENT POOR CONDITIONS ARE CHARACTERISED BY A 40-SQ.M READING ROOM, THE FREE-SHELF STORAGE ROOM IS AT THE SAME TIME A STUDY ROOM. THE NUMBER OF POTENTIAL READERS IS 250 PHYSICIANS, 1,200 NURSES AND OTHER PROFESSIONALS. DEVELOPMENT PLANS RELATE TO A BETTER COVERAGE OF HOLDINGS; SUBJECT CATALOGUE; INTRODUCTION OF SDI; AND BROADER INTERLIBRARY LOANS. ******************************************** Document 2599 THE BRITISH LIBRARY AND LITERATURE SERVICE FOR MERCHANT SEAFARERS. (FLA THESIS.) OUTLINES AND DESCRIBES LIFE AT SEA AND PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MEN WHO BECOME MERCHANT SEAMEN; BOOK AND LIBRARY PROVISION BY VOLUNTARY AND MISSIONARY SOCIETIES, PHILANTHROPIC ORGANISATIONS, SHIPOWNERS, AND INDIVIDUALS FROM 16TH CENTURY TO THE PRESENT DAY; PRESENT-DAY ORGANISATION OF LIBRARY AND LITERATURE SERVICES, INCLUDING THE WORK OF THE SEAFARERS EDUCATION SERVICE, COLLEGE OF THE SEA, AND BRITISH SAILORS' SOCIETY, AND WHAT SEAFARERS READ. ******************************************** Document 2600 SERVING ALL THE COMMUNITY' LIBRARY SERVICES TO THE DISADVANTAGED. A COLLECTION OF PAPERS PRESENTED AT A SEMINAR ORGANISED BY THE SOUTH WESTERN BRANCH OF THE LIBRARY ASSOCIATION, ROZEL HOTEL, WESTON-SUPER-MARE, 11-13 NOV 79. THESE INCLUDE' INTRODUCTION BY JOHN LOOSLEY; LIBRARIES CHOICE-INTENTION, ACTUALITY, REALITY BY GEOFFREY SMITH; LIBRARY SERVICES TO ETHNIC MINORITIES IN NOTTINGHAMSHIRE BY RAJINDER SINGH JABBAL; URBAN DEPRIVATION AND THE LIBRARY RESPONSE BY ALEX MCINTOSH; POETS AND PEASANTS' PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICE AND RURAL DEPRIVATION BY NORMAN KELBRICK; LITERACY' THE KEY TO A LIBRARY BY MAGGIE STRINGER; WITH ALL TO LEARN BY BILL STRAHAN; LIBRARIES AND THE HEARING IMPAIRED BY MARY PLACKETT; HOSPITAL LIBRARY SERVICES BY ANNE WILLIS; PRISON LIBRARY SERVICES BY PETER BLUNT; REACHING THE ELDERLY AND HOUSEBOUND BY JOHN BATES; AND A MATTER OF CHOICE' A SUMMARY BY GERRY BRAMLEY. ******************************************** Document 2601 WE SHALL NEED TO PESTER THE POLITICIANS. SUMMARISES THE TALKS ON VARIOUS FORMS OF HANDICAP GIVEN TO A CONFERENCE ON THE READING HANDICAPPED AND LIBRARIES ARRANGED BY THE DANISH LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. J. PETERSEN: 'THE READING HANDICAPPED AND LIBRARIES IN THE FUTURE': HIGHER PRIORITY SHOULD BE GIVEN TO MATERIALS FOR THIS GROUP. S. HOLST: 'SERVICES TO THE MENTALLY HANDICAPPED': THIS IS THE MOST NEGLECTED GROUP; THE POLICY OF COMMUNITY CARE NOW POSES AN INCREASING CHALLENGE TO PUBLIC LIBRARIES. S. JENSEN: 'THE BLIND AND PARTIALLY-SIGHTED': THESE ARE MAINLY THE ELDERLY. G.S. NIELSEN: 'THE MOBILITY HANDICAPPED': THESE ARE NOT NECESSARILY UNABLE TO READ, BUT THEY DEPEND LARGELY ON DOMESTIC LENDING SERVICES AND SERVICES LIKE SPOKEN LOCAL NEWSPAPERS. L. AAGAARD: 'THE DEAF AND HARD OF HEARING'. J.O. RIIS: 'THE APHASICS': THESE OFTEN HAVE DEFECTIVE VISION, SO THAT READING MATERIAL MUST BE CLEAR AND SIMPLE. J. KYNDBORG: 'DYSLEXICS'. B. PORS: 'TECHNICAL AIDS': DESCRIBES AN EXHIBITION. A DANISH I NSTITUTE OF TECHNICAL AIDS HAS NOW BEEN ESTABLISHED. ******************************************** Document 2602 THE PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED AND THE PUBLIC LIBRARY. DISCUSSES ATTEMPTS TO MAKE PUBLIC LIBRARIES MORE ACCESSIBLE TO HANDICAPPED PEOPLE IN THE USA. CHANGES IN THE LAWS HAVE ENCOURAGED THE MAKING OF ALL PUBLIC BUILDINGS ACCESSIBLE TO THE HANDICAPPED. THIS HAS LED TO NEW STANDARDS FOR BUILDING AND THE RENOVATION OF OLD BUILDINGS SOME OF WHICH HAVE REQUIRED CONSIDERABLE WORK. THE NEW LAWS HAVE CAUSED CONTROVERSY IN SMALL TOWNS WITH FEW, IF ANY, HANDICAPPED PEOPLE OVER WHO SHOULD PAY FOR RENOVATION WORK. CONCLUDES THAT CLEARER GUIDELINES SHOULD BE ESTABLISHED TO MAKE THE LAW MORE FLEXIBLE AND TO GUARANTEE THAT SMALL TOWN BUILDINGS SUCH AS LIBRARIES ARE IN COMPLIANCE WITH SPECIFIC ALTERNATIVE SERVICES. THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT SHOULD ALSO CONSIDER PROVIDING FUNDING FOR ACCESSIBILITY RENOVATIONS. ******************************************** Document 2603 LIBRARY SERVICES FOR THE BLIND AND PRINT HANDICAPPED AND THE UNITED NATIONS INTERNATIONAL YEAR OF THE DISABLED. THE UNITED NATIONS 1981 INTERNATIONAL YEAR OF DISABLED PERSONS OFFERED A UNIQUE OPPORTUNITY FOR BROADENING THE BASIS OF UNDERSTANDING OF THE LIBRARY NEEDS OF THE BLIND AND PRINT HANDICAPPED. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2604 A LIBRARY FOR THE VISUALLY HANDICAPPED IN QUEBEC. AN ACCOUNT OF AMERICA'S LARGEST FRENCH LANGUAGE LIBRARY OF BRAILLE BOOKS, SERVING 900 USERS, ATTACHED TO A MONTREAL INSTITUTE FOR THE VISUALLY HANDICAPPED. DESCRIBES THE ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE LIBRARY FROM ITS FOUNDATION IN 1861, AND GIVES DETAILS OF CURRENT HOLDINGS OF BOTH BRAILLE AND TALKING BOOKS. THE FUNCTIONS OF THE STAFF AND VOLUNTARY HELPERS IN COLLECTION MANAGEMENT ARE DESCRIBED, AND THE OPERATION OF THE POSTAL LOAN SYSTEM OUTLINED. PROCEDURES FOR SELECTING MATERIAL ARE DISCUSSED, AND THE ADVANTAGES OF TALKING BOOKS OVER BRAILLE DEBATED. ******************************************** Document 2605 AMERICAN LIBRARIES FOR THE BLIND ARE ALSO WORRIED ABOUT CUTS. DESCRIBES, WITH FIGURES, THE PRESENT LIBRARY SERVICES FOR THE BLIND IN THE USA. THE SERVICES ARE COORDINATED BY THE NATIONAL LIBRARY SERVICE FOR THE BLIND AND PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED UNDER THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS (NLS). NLS PRODUCES CATALOGUES, PR MATERIAL, AND A MANUAL, AND PROVIDES CONSULTANTS. IT UNDERTAKES ALL SELECTION OF MATERIAL TO BE TRANSFERRED TO BRAILLE PRINT, FLEXIBLE DISCS OR, MOSTLY, TO 4 TRACK CASSETTE TAPES. THESE ARE ISSUED MAINLY BY POST THROUGH THE 56 REGIONAL LIBRARIES AND THEIR 102 BRANCHES. SOME REGIONAL LIBRARIES ALSO ORGANISE RECORDINGS OF LOCAL MATERIAL BY VOLUNTEERS, BUT THE ONE IN NEW YORK HAS HAD TO CURTAIL ITS SERVICES. 4 MULTI-STATE CENTRES ACT AS SERVICE CENTRES FOR THE REGIONAL LIBRARIES. PRIVATE LIBRARY SERVICES TO THE BLIND INCLUDE' RECORDINGS FOR THE BLIND, THE JEWISH GUILD FOR THE BLIND'S CASSETTE LIBRARY, AND THE RADIO READING SERVICE; ALL USE VOLUNTEER READERS AND PROVIDE SERVICES FREE. ******************************************** Document 2606 ADAPTING AND ADDRESSING EDUCATIONAL GOALS IN THE LIBRARY AT THE AUSTINE SCHOOL. SCHOOL LIBRARIES AND MEDIA CENTRES VARY WIDELY IN SIZE, QUALITY OF SERVICE, ATMOSPHERE, AND CONTENTS OF COLLECTIONS. THIS DISPARITY IS DUE TO DIFFERENCES IN BUDGETS, EDUCATIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE POLICIES, ARCHITECTURE, CURRICULA, AND GEOGRAPHY AND POPULATION OF THE SCHOOLS. AUSTINE SCHOOL AFFORDS A GOOD OPPORTUNITY TO OBSERVE THOSE FACTORS WHICH MAKE ONE SITUATION UNIQUE, BY REASON OF ITS SPECIALISED NEEDS AND AVAILABLE RESOURCES OF SPACE, MONEY, PERSONNEL AND MATERIALS. ATTEMPTS TO DETERMINE THE MOST IMPORTANT POINTS IN SUITING A SCHOOL LIBRARY'S OPERATION TO THE AIMS OF DEAF EDUCATION, TO ILLUSTRATE HOW THIS IS DONE AT THE AUSTINE SCHOOL FOR HEARING HANDICAPPED CHILDREN, AND TO DRAW GENERAL CONCLUSIONS ABOUT HOW A SCHOOL'S LIBRARY CAN BE SURE OF SATISFYING SPECIALISED NEEDS IN HARMONY WITH ITS ACADEMIC PROGRAMME. ******************************************** Document 2607 QUEBEC DOMICILIARY LIBRARY SERVICES. A REPORT OF A SURVEY OF 35 QUEBEC PUBLIC LIBRARIES, BY QUESTIONNAIRE, TO WHICH 15 RESPONDED. POINTS COVERED INCLUDE ORGANISATION AND OPERATION WITH VOLUNTARY ASSISTANCE, SERVICES OFFERED, AND PROJECTS FOR FUTURE EXPANSION. ******************************************** Document 2608 WHO'S AFRAID OF THE REBELLIOUS YOUNGSTERS OF TODAY?: OR, LIBRARIANS WERE ALSO YOUNG ONCE. IN RECENT YEARS THERE HAS BEEN A STEADY INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF CASES OF HOOLIGANISM IN LIBRARIES CAUSED BY YOUNG PEOPLE IN THE NETHERLANDS. A NUMBER OF CONFERENCES HAVE BEEN HELD ON THE SUBJECT AND IN SEVERAL AREAS WORKING PARTIES HAVE BEEN FORMED TO STUDY THE PROBLEM. THROUGHOUT THE NETHERLANDS THE NUMBER OF REGISTERED LIBRARY USERS BELOW THE AGE OF 18 HAS INCREASED BY 93% FOLLOWING THE ABOLITION OF MEMBERSHIP CHARGES FOR YOUNG PEOPLE. LIBRARIANS SHOULD RECOGNISE THAT YOUNG PEOPLE REPRESENT THE NEXT GENERATION OF ADULT READERS AND SHOULD TAKE STEPS TO ENCOURAGE THEM TO MAKE USE OF LIBRARIES BY PROVIDING SPECIAL ROOMS WHERE YOUNG PEOPLE MAY LISTEN TO MUSIC AND MEET THEIR FRIENDS. ******************************************** Document 2609 POPULAR CULTURE AS A TEACHING TOOL IN THE SCHOOL LIBRARY MEDIA CENTER. AN EXAMINATION OF THE PLACE OF POPULAR CULTURE IN THE SCHOOL LIBRARY MEDIA CENTRE AND THE ROLE OF THE LIBRARY MEDIA SPECIALIST IN INTEGRATING IT INTO THE CURRICULUM. ******************************************** Document 2610 INSTRUCTIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN SCHOOLS' A PROPOSED MODEL. AN EXAMINATION OF THE SCHOOL INSTRUCTIONAL DEVELOPMENT MODEL, WHICH FOCUSES ON THE LIBRARY MEDIA SPECIALIST'S ROLE IN INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN. ******************************************** Document 2611 ATTITUDES OF SECONDARY SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS TOWARD SCHOOL LIBRARIANS AND SCHOOL LIBRARY SERVICE. (PHD THESIS-UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON.) ASSESSES THE ATTITUDES OF SECONDARY SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS TOWARDS LIBRARIANS' PERSONAL ATTRIBUTES, THE CAPABILITY OR APTITUDE OF THE LIBRARIAN FOR FULFILLING THE ROLE, AND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE LIBRARY SERVICE. ALSO ATTEMPTS TO DETERMINE THE LIBRARIANS' PERCEPTIONS OF THEIR ADMINISTRATORS' ATTITUDES, AS WELL AS MAKE SUGGESTIONS FOR CHANGE TO IMPROVE LIBRARY SERVICE AND TO MAKE THE LIBRARIAN MORE EFFECTIVE. DATA WERE COLLECTED FROM 53 SECONDARY SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS IN WISCONSIN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS AND 49 LIBRARIANS IN THE SAME SCHOOLS. ******************************************** Document 2612 LIBRARY SERVICES IN DISTANCE TEACHING' PRESENT REALITIES AND FUTURE POSSIBILITIES. DISCUSSES THE PROBLEMS OF PROVIDING LIBRARY SERVICES IN DISTANCE TEACHING, WITH REFERENCE TO THE FINDINGS OF A SURVEY OF THE LIBRARY PROVISION FOR EXTERNAL STUDENTS OFFERED BY 36 AUSTRALIAN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. SUGGESTS SOME WAYS OF IMPROVING THESE SERVICES, AND DESCRIBES AN EXPERIMENT IN THE USE OF MICROFICHE BY EXTERNAL STUDENTS CARRIED OUT BY THE TOWNSVILLE COLLEGE OF ADVANCED EDUCATION. HIGHLIGHTS THE URGENT NEED FOR MORE RESEARCH ON THE SUBJECT OF PROVIDING QUALITY SERVICES IN DISTANCE EDUCATION. ******************************************** Document 2613 THE PRODUCTION STIMULATING FACTORY LIBRARY IN WEST GERMANY. DESPITE DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN WEST GERMANY, PRIVATE WORKPLACE LIBRARIES REMAIN IMPORTANT. THERE ARE 250 OF THESE WITH 1 1/2 MILLION VOLUMES SERVING 800,000 EMPLOYEES. AN INVESTIGATION IN 1974 BY KONJETZKY AND PLOETZ REVEALED AN ILLIBERAL BIAS IN BOOK SELECTION. THE FACTORY LIBRARIANS' ORGANISATION JUSTIFIES THE LIBRARY BY ITS USEFULNESS TO THE FIRM AND REFERS TO AN ARTICLE BY MUTH (THE READER AS A FACTOR OF PRODUCTIVITY IN THE FIRM), IN WHICH HE ARGUES THAT THE AIM OF THE LIBRARY IS TO DEVELOP AND MAINTAIN THE ABILITY TO READ, AS EFFICIENT READERS MEAN WORKERS WITH HIGH MOBILITY, AND MONEY SPENT ON LIBRARIES IS LIKELY TO YIELD A HIGH RETURN. ******************************************** Document 2614 WORKERS' LIBRARIES IN THE POTSDAM DISTRICT 1900-1933. THE HISTORY OF THE WORKERS' LIBRARIES IN GERMANY FALLS INTO 3 PERIODS. THE 1ST LIBRARIES CAME INTO EXISTENCE BETWEEN 1836-1889. FROM 1890-1914/18 RAPID DEVELOPMENT TOOK PLACE. 1918-1933 THE LIBRARIES BEGAN TO DECLINE, WERE INTEGRATED WITH PUBLIC LIBRARIES AND MANY DESTROYED IN THE LITERARY PURGE OF 1933. THE LIBRARIES IN THE POTSDAM DISTRICT DATED FROM THE 2ND PERIOD AND WERE ALL DESTROYED IN 1933. THE 1ST WORKERS' LIBRARY WAS IN RATHENOW AND GREW FROM 210 BOOKS IN 1899 TO A STOCK OF 6,000 IN THE 1920S. THE CENTRAL WORKERS' LIBRARY IN BRANDENBURG EXISTED FROM 1902-1933. ******************************************** Document 2615 WHEN THE READERS DON'T COME' AN ATTEMPT AT INTEGRATING THE LIBRARY INTO AN AREA OF URBAN RENEWAL. THE ST. PAULI DISTRICT OF HAMBURG IS A SOCIALLY UNDERPRIVILEGED AREA WHERE SLUM CLEARANCE IS TAKING PLACE. IN 1980, LIBRARY STOCKS TOTALLED 20,000 VOLUMES OF WHICH 800 ARE TURKISH LITERATURE PROVIDED FOR THE MANY FOREIGN RESIDENTS; THERE ARE ALSO GAMES AND GERMAN AND TURKISH CASSETTES. THE BOOK TURNOVER IS BELOW THE AVERAGE FOR HAMBURG LIBRARIES. SINCE MANY ADULT RESIDENTS EITHER UNDERSTOOD LITTLE GERMAN OR ARE CONFUSED BY THE LIBRARY'S TECHNICAL PROCEDURES, FEW OF THEM USE THE LIBRARY. LOCAL CHILDREN TEND TO USE THE LIBRARY AS A MEETING-PLACE, WHICH CAUSES NOISE BUT DOES PROVIDE SOMEWHERE TO PLAY. THE LIBRARIAN, MOVING AWAY FROM PURELY TRADITIONAL LIBRARIANSHIP, WORKS CLOSELY WITH LOCAL SOCIAL WORKERS, VISITING FAMILIES TO DISCUSS PROBLEMS AND ALLOWING THEM TO USE THE LIBRARY FOR MEETINGS; THIS HELPS TO INTEGRATE THE LIBRARY INTO THE COMMUNITY. ******************************************** Document 2616 A VISIT TO BRENT PUBLIC LIBRARY. A GERMAN LIBRARIAN RECORDS HER IMPRESSIONS OF THIS LONDON BOROUGH'S LIBRARY WORK WITH FOREIGN MINORITY GROUPS, INCLUDING WEST INDIANS, AFRICANS, INDIANS AND PEOPLE OF MIXED RACE. SINCE 5 DIFFERENT INDIAN LANGUAGES ARE SPOKEN IN BRENT, ALL LIBRARY NOTICES ARE PUBLISHED IN THEM AS WELL AS IN ENGLISH. THE TRADITIONAL FORM OF MUNICIPAL LIBRARY, COMPRISING A CENTRAL LIBRARY WITH BRANCHES CLOSELY DEPENDENT UPON IT, SEEMED NO LONGER SUITABLE FOR THIS COMMUNITY. A LARGE DEGREE OF AUTONOMY WAS THEREFORE GIVEN TO EACH BRANCH LIBRARY, HELPING IT TO CATER BETTER FOR THE SPECIAL NEEDS OF ITS DISTRICT. BOOKS ARE LENT TO YOUTH AND SPORTS CLUBS AND ACTIVITIES ORGANISED FOR DIFFERENT ETHNIC GROUPS. INTENSIVE TRAINING IS PROVIDED FOR LIBRARY STAFF ON THE HISTORY, CULTURE AND CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS OF THE AFRICAN, ASIAN AND CARIBBEAN RACES. ******************************************** Document 2617 LIBRARIANS AND THEIR WORK AMONG READERS. THERE ARE 346 PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN THE TURGOVISHCHE REGION. (NORTH-EAST BULGARIA) WITH COLLECTIONS OF MORE THAN 1 1/2 MILLION VOLUMES, I.E. ABOUT 9 BOOKS PER HEAD OF THE POPULATION. EACH READER BORROWS, ON AVERAGE, ALMOST 13 BOOKS EVERY YEAR. 1/3 OF THE 171,000 INHABITANTS IN THE AREA ARE TURKS CATERED FOR BY 47 LIBRARIANS. AFTER LITERACY COURSES AND READING ALOUD IN THE EARLY POST-WAR YEARS, THE LIBRARIANS' EFFORTS CAN NOW BE GEARED TO ATTRACTING READERS FROM EVERY FAMILY. LIBRARIES ARE HELPED BY CLUBS OF YOUNG FRIENDS OF BOOKS AS WELL AS BY OTHER ORGANISATIONS. DISCUSSIONS ON SIGNIFICANT WORKS OF LITERATURE AND OTHER EVENTS ARE ARRANGED BY THE LIBRARIES TO ENCOURAGE THE TURKISH POPULATION TO ATTAIN A HIGHER STANDARD OF LIVING AND TO TAKE PRIDE IN THEIR SOCIALIST HOMELAND. RESULTS OF THE CONCERTED EFFORTS CAN BE DEMONSTRATED MOST TANGIBLY IN THE CHANGED LIFE OF TURKISH WOMEN. VEILED IN THE RECENT PAST, THEY WORK NOW, NOT ONLY IN AGRICULTURE, BU T IN MANY OTHER FIELDS. THEY ALSO SING IN MIXED CHOIRS AND APPEAR ON THE STAGE. HOWEVER, AS THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE BULGARIAN LANGUAGE HAS BECOME MORE WIDESPREAD AMONG THE TURKS IN BULGARIA, THE READING OF BOOKS IN TURKISH HAS FOLLOWED A PROGRESSIVE DOWNWARD TREND. ******************************************** Document 2618 LIBRARY NEEDS OF CHILDREN ATTENDING SELF-HELP MOTHER-TONGUE SCHOOLS IN LONDON. 124 LONDON MOTHER-TONGUE 'SATURDAY SCHOOLS' WITH 13,919 PUPILS WERE SENT POSTAL QUESTIONNAIRES; THEIR TEACHERS WERE INTERVIEWED; 200 CHILDREN WERE QUESTIONED ON THEIR READING HABITS AND LIBRARY USE; AND PUBLIC LIBRARIES WERE VISITED TO ASSESS THEIR SERVICES TO ETHNIC MINORITIES, PARTICULARLY CHILDREN. 124 CHILDREN READ IN THEIR MOTHER TONGUE; 121 HAD READ A BOOK IN THEIR MOTHER TONGUE WITHIN THE LAST FEW MONTHS; AND 170 USED PUBLIC LIBRARIES. PROBLEMS INCLUDED LACK OF SUITABLE BOOKS, LANGUAGE EXPERTISE IN SOME LIBRARY AUTHORITIES, AND SCHOOL/PUBLIC LIBRARY CONTACT. ALL CONCERNED WOULD BENEFIT FROM MORE COMMUNICATION AND COOPERATION. ******************************************** Document 2619 LIBRARIES AND THE FRENCH-SPEAKING VISUALLY HANDICAPPED IN CANADA. PRESENTS A COMPREHENSIVE PICTURE OF THE PRESENT SITUATION RELATING TO LIBRARIES AND THE FRENCH SPEAKING VISUALLY HANDICAPPED IN CANADA AND MAKES RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVEMENT. STATISTICS SHOW THE EXTENT OF VISUAL HANDICAP IN QUEBEC, THE EXISTING SUBSTITUTES FOR CONVENTIONAL READING MATERIALS ARE BRIEFLY DESCRIBED, AND SERVICES IN THE U.K. AND U.S.A. ARE OUTLINED AS MODELS. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF THE SPECIALISED MATERIALS AVAILABLE IN QUEBEC FROM THE CANADIAN NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR THE BLIND; THE NAZARETH AND LOUIS BRAILLE INSTITUTE; AND THE QUEBEC TAPE LIBRARY FOR THE BLIND. THE READER SERVICES OFFERED BY THESE INSTITUTIONS ARE CRITICISED AS INADEQUATE, AND THE RESULTS OF A PRELIMINARY SURVEY OF 60 USERS CONDUCTED IN MARCH 81 ARE PRESENTED AS EVIDENCE OF THE EXTENT OF READERS' INTERESTS AND THEIR IGNORANCE OF THE SERVICES AVAILABLE. PROPOSES ORGANISATION OF USER TRAINING PROGRAMMES, ASSESSES THE ADVANTAGES AND INCONVENIENCES OF ORDINARY LIBRARY SERVICES, AND SUGGEST IMPROVEMENTS FOR PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN GENERAL. ******************************************** Document 2620 LIBRARY SERVICES FOR FOREIGN RESIDENTS. FOREIGN WORKERS HAVE MADE A POSITIVE CONTRIBUTION TOWARDS WEST GERMAN PROSPERITY BUT OUR SOCIETY IS ILL PREPARED FOR THE ACUTENESS OF THE PROBLEMS FACING FOREIGN CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE. THEIR EDUCATIONAL DEPRIVATION IS GROUNDED ABOVE ALL IN THEIR INFERIOR SOCIAL POSITION. FOREIGN CHILDREN SHOULD EXPERIENCE A SOCIALISATION PROCESS WHICH WILL ENABLE THEM TO BE INTEGRATED INTO GERMAN SOCIETY AND RE-INTEGRATED INTO THE SOCIETY OF THEIR NATIVE LAND, FOR WHICH THEY MUST GROW UP TO BE BOTH BILINGUAL AND BICULTURAL. THE LIBRARY SHOULD BE THE FOREIGN CITIZENS' CENTRE FOR INFORMATION, COMMUNICATION AND CULTURE. BILATERAL LITERATURE PROVISION, COMMUNICATION AND CULTURE. BILATERAL LITERATURE PROVISION HELPS FOREIGN CITIZENS TO BECOME CODETERMINING, ACTIVE AND CREATIVE WITHIN OUR PLURALISTIC CULTURE. GOOD LIBRARY SERVICES COMPLEMENTING GOOD SCHOOLING ARE AN INVESTMENT FOR THE FUTURE. ******************************************** Document 2621 WOMEN AND MEN AS READERS OF LITERATURE. ILLUSTRATES WITH STATISTICAL DATA HOW GENDER PLAYS A PART IN THE SELECTION OF READING MATERIAL. DEMONSTRATES THAT, IN ADDITION TO SIMILARITIES OF A LARGE DEGREE, CHARACTERISTIC DIFFERENCES ARE PERCEPTIBLE BETWEEN MEN AND WOMEN IN SELECTION OF READING MATERIAL. ******************************************** Document 2622 A SURVEY OF NON-RESIDENT LENDING AND BORROWING ACTIVITY IN MASSACHUSETTS. THIS SURVEY PRESENTING RAW DATA FOR THE PLANNING OF RESOURCE SHARING AND OTHER COOPERATIVE LIBRARY ACTIVITIES IN MASSACHUSETTS FOCUSES ON THE BORROWING AND LENDING CHARACTERISTICS OF LIBRARIES WITH REGARD TO NONRESIDENT BORROWING ACTIVITY. IT IS INTENDED TO PROVIDE UP-TO-DATE ESTIMATES OF SUCH ACTIVITY, FORMULATE LONG TERM SOLUTIONS TO FISCAL PROBLEMS, AND EXPAND ACCESS POTENTIAL FOR LIBRARY USERS. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2623 THE NEGLECTED RESOURCE' NON-USAGE OF LIBRARY-INFORMATION SERVICES IN INDUSTRY AND COMMERCE. A SMALL-SCALE EXPLORATORY STUDY OF SUB-OPTIMAL USAGE OF INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES WAS CARRIED OUT BY ASLIB IN SUMMER 80. NON-USE, MISUSE, AND ABUSE WERE EXAMINED FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF UNIT MANAGERS. MAJOR AIMS WERE TO ASSESS THE REALITY, NATURE, AND EXTENT OF ANY NON-USAGE PROBLEM AND THE FEASIBILITY AND USEFULNESS OF FURTHER INVESTIGATION. ******************************************** Document 2624 THE PUBLIC LIBRARY AND THE POPULATION. AMPLIFIES THE INFORMATION ON THE USE OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES INCLUDED IN PREVIOUS LEISURE TIME RESEARCH BY DESCRIBING A SURVEY OF MORE THAN 4,000 MEMBERS OF THE DANISH POPULATION. USERS AS WELL AS NON-USERS WERE INTERVIEWED, INCLUDING CHILDREN. THE REPORT IS SUBDIVIDED ACCORDING TO AGE; ADULTS, OLDER SCHOOL CHILDREN, YOUNGER SCHOOL CHILDREN, AND PRESCHOOL CHILDREN, AND CONTAINS SECTIONS DEALING WITH NON-USERS. HALF THE POPULATION USES THE LIBRARY, BUT THE INCIDENCE DECREASES WITH AGE, AND THE HIGHER THE DENSITY OF POPULATION, THE GREATER THE % OF LIBRARY USERS. THE MOST CONCLUSIVE FACTOR WAS THE PERSON'S LENGTH OF EDUCATION. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2625 TURKISH CHILDREN AND TEENAGERS AS LIBRARY USERS. LIBRARIANS KNOW LITTLE ABOUT THE VIEWS OF FOREIGN WORKERS AND THEIR FAMILIES ON LIBRARIES; MANY OF THESE PEOPLE UNDERSTAND LITTLE GERMAN. IN JULY 80 MUNICH MUNICIPAL LIBRARY PRODUCED A QUESTIONNAIRE FOR TURKISH CHILDREN, INCLUDING QUESTIONS ON AGE, SEX, SCHOOLS AND TYPES OF CLASS, LENGTH OF TIME IN GERMANY, ABILITY TO READ GERMAN, LIBRARY USE AND LIKES AND DISLIKES CONCERNING BOOKS, CASSETTES AND LIBRARY FACILITIES. LANGUAGE PROBLEMS LED TO SOME MISUNDERSTANDINGS; THE DESIGN OF FUTURE QUESTIONNAIRES MUST BE IMPROVED. RESULTS SHOWED THAT THE AVERAGE READER IS 10-13 YEARS OLD, MALE, IN A TURKISH CLASS AT SCHOOL AND CAN READ SOME GERMAN BOOKS. HE CAME TO GERMANY WITHIN THE LAST 4 YEARS, LEARNT ABOUT THE LIBRARY FROM FRIENDS, HAS A READER'S TICKET AND VISITS THE LIBRARY AT LEAST ONCE A WEEK. ******************************************** Document 2626 ARMENIANS IN LONDON' A CASE-STUDY OF THE LIBRARY NEEDS OF A SMALL AND SCATTERED COMMUNITY. REPORT OF A STUDY TO DISCOVER THE SOCIAL, CULTURAL AND EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND OF THE ARMENIANS IN THE UK, AND PARTICULARLY IN LONDON; TO ESTABLISH THEIR LIBRARY AND INFORMATION NEEDS; TO HIGHLIGHT ANY SPECIAL PROBLEMS IN CONNECTION WITH PROVIDING LIBRARY SERVICES TO THEM; AND TO IDENTIFY ANY COMMON PROBLEMS AND NEEDS THAT THE ARMENIANS MAY HAVE WITH OTHER SMALL, SCATTERED MINORITY GROUPS. ******************************************** Document 2627 FEAR OF TALKING' WHICH STUDENTS IN THE ACADEMIC LIBRARY ASK LIBRARIANS FOR HELP?. FOR MANY LIBRARY USERS, THE LIBRARIAN IS AN INTEGRAL PART OF ANY SEARCH STRATEGY. AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY WAS CONDUCTED TO EXPLORE THE POSSIBLE EFFECTS OF 1 COMMUNICATION VARIABLE, COMMUNICATION APPREHENSION (CA), THE FEAR OF TALKING, ON THE USER'S DECISION TO SEARCH A LIBRARY INDEPENDENTLY OR WITH THE LIBRARIAN'S ASSISTANCE. IT WAS FOUND THAT RESPONDENTS, REGARDLESS OF CA LEVEL, BEHAVED SIMILARLY IN SEARCHING A LIBRARY WHEN MEASURED IN TERMS OF INITIAL STEP, NUMBER OF STEPS, AND LENGTH OF SEARCH TIME. CA WAS ELIMINATED AS A VARIABLE INFLUENCING THE INITIATION OF AN INTERACTION WITH A LIBRARIAN. FURTHER RESEARCH IS NEEDED TO DETERMINE ITS POSSIBLE EFFECTS ONCE THAT INTERACTION HAS BEGUN. ******************************************** Document 2628 EXTENDING SCHOOL LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES TO A SCATTERED POPULATION. PAPER DELIVERED TO THE IFLA CONFERENCE, MANILA, AUG 80. THE GEOGRAPHY OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA, ITS DIVERSE CULTURES AND LANGUAGES AND AN UNEQUAL DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION AND LITERACY HAVE ALL HINDERED THE DEVELOPMENT OF A NATIONWIDE LIBRARY SERVICE. SOLUTIONS MIGHT INCLUDE THE INCREASING OF EFFICIENCY OF THE PRIMARY SCHOOLS, THE USE OF PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN ADULT LITERACY TRAINING, AND THE USE OF THE PRIMARY SCHOOL AS AN INFORMATION RESOURCE CENTRE. ******************************************** Document 2629 PROMOTING RECREATIONAL READING. PRESENTS A RANGE OF STRATEGIES AND ACTIVITIES THAT PARENTS AND TEACHERS CAN UTILISE IN MOTIVATING CHILDREN TO DEVELOP AN ENJOYMENT OF RECREATIONAL READING. HIGHLIGHTS EXAMPLES OF CREATIVE LIBRARY CORNERS OR READING CENTRES THAT HAVE BEEN SUCCESSFULLY USED IN US ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS. ******************************************** Document 2630 BROOKES AND BIBLIOMETRY' WITH ST. MATTHEW AND ROBIN HOOD IN FINLAND. DISCUSSES BIBLIOMETRY AND ITS USES, IN CONNECTION WITH A COURSE HELD IN FINLAND, IN OCT 81. BIBLIOMETRY IS A MATHEMATICAL AID FOR ANALYSING LIBRARY PROBLEMS. UNLIKE TRADITIONAL LIBRARY STATISTICS, WHICH USE GROUPS, BIBLIOMETRY RANKS INDIVIDUAL UNITS. IT IS A METHOD BASED ON SIMPLE LOGARITHMIC RELATIONS AND IS USED TO DESCRIBE GROWTH, OBSOLESCENCE AND SPREAD. ITS USEFULNESS IS ESPECIALLY APPARENT IN A TIME OF CUTS. GIVES AN EXAMPLE WHICH SHOWS THAT BIBLIOMETRIC SCALES OF THE USE OF PERIODICALS CAN BE USED TO FACILITATE CUTS, AND ANOTHER IN WHICH BIBLIOMETRY HAS BEEN USED TO ANALYSE THE ATTRACTION EXERCISED BY A FEW PERIODICALS AND THEIR EFFECT ON PUBLICATION OF ARTICLES. ******************************************** Document 2631 A PAPERBACK LIBRARY AT SAINT-EUSTACHE, QUEBEC. DESCRIBES A PROJECT TO PROVIDE LENDING FACILITIES AT LOW COST WITH MINIMUM DELAY AT A PAPERBACK 'DEPOT' IN SAINT-EUSTACHE, QUEBEC. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF COSTS, REGISTRATION AND LOAN PROCEDURES, ACQUISITION AND PREPARATION OF STOCK, AND SHELF ARRANGEMENT. THE SUCCESS OF THE PROJECT TO DATE IS ASSESSED, AND THE ADVANTAGES OF PAPERBACK COLLECTION IN GENERAL DISCUSSED. ******************************************** Document 2632 DEPOSITORY LIBRARY PROGRAMS FOR GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS. A THEMATIC ISSUE CONTAINING 7 CONTRIBUTIONS, FOR ABSTRACTS OF WHICH 2SEE1 THE FOLLOWING SERIAL NUMBERS'-. ******************************************** Document 2633 GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS ABOUT IDAHO' A GUIDE TO INFORMATION SOURCES. DESIGNED TO DIRECT THE RESEARCHER TO DOCUMENTS CONCERNING IDAHO, THIS BIBLIOGRAPHIC GUIDE LISTS BOTH FEDERAL AND STATE-PUBLISHED BOOKS, PAMPHLETS, PERIODICALS, AND SERIALS IN THE HUMANITIES, SOCIAL SCIENCES, NATURAL SCIENCES, TECHNOLOGY, AND VOCATIONAL-TECHNICAL EDUCATION. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2634 CANADIAN OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS AT THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF CANADA. THE CANADIAN OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS SECTION OF THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF CANADA ADMINISTERS THE LARGEST COLLECTION OF FEDERAL AND PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS IN CANADA, THE NUCLEUS OF WHICH WAS A SIZEABLE GIFT FROM THE LIBRARY OF PARLIAMENT IN THE EARLY 1950S. DESCRIBES THE COLLECTION'S SIZE, SCOPE, ACQUISITION PROCEDURES, ORGANISATION, AND INTERLIBRARY LOANS, LOCATION, AND REFERENCE SERVICES. BRIEFLY SUMMARISES THE RESULTS OF A 1978 SURVEY ON THE USE OF THE COLLECTION. MENTIONS PLANS TO INPUT RECORDS FOR CANADIAN OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS INTO THE NATIONAL LIBRARY'S AUTOMATED DOBIS SYSTEM (DORTMUNDER BIBLIOTHEKSSYSTEM). ******************************************** Document 2635 A NEW SERVICE AT SAINT-LEONARD PUBLIC LIBRARY, QUEBEC. AN ACCOUNT OF HOW USER DEMAND LEAD TO THE CREATION OF A LOCAL HISTORY COLLECTION AT SAINT-LEONARD PUBLIC LIBRARY, QUEBEC. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF THE COLLECTION OF MATERIAL IN THE ABSENCE OF EXISTING LOCAL ARCHIVES' ORAL HISTORY RECORDINGS, REQUESTS FOR DONATIONS, PREPARATION OF PHOTOGRAPHIC RECORDS, AND RESEARCH IN EXISTING NATIONAL, REGIONAL, AND PRESS COLLECTIONS. THE INAUGURAL EXHIBITION AND RELATED EVENTS TO PUBLICISE THE COLLECTION ARE DESCRIBED FULLY. PUBLIC REACTIONS WERE FOUND TO BE ENTHUSIASTIC. ******************************************** Document 2636 THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY AT THE KARL MARX UNIVERSITY. CENTRAL STOCK OF SOVIET LITERATURE IN THE DISTRICT OF LEIPZIG. THE KARL MARX UNIVERSITY (KMU) LIBRARY IN LEIPZIG HAS THE LARGEST COLLECTION OF SOVIET LITERATURE IN EAST GERMANY. IT COMPRISES SOVIET AND SLAVONIC LITERATURE AND LINGUISTICS, CULTURAL LITERATURE OF THE BALTIC AND SLAVONIC PEOPLE, HISTORY AND POLITICS OF THE SOVIET UNION. THE COLLECTION IS AT THE DISPOSAL OF ALL LIBRARY USERS NOT ONLY UNIVERSITY MEMBERS. PROVIDING A CENTRE FOR SOVIET LITERATURE IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT AIMS OF THE LIBRARY. THE LIBRARY HAS AN INFORMATION SERVICE CONCERNING NEW PUBLICATIONS IN ALL AREAS OF SOVIET LITERATURE. SOVIET BIBLIOGRAPHICAL BULLETINS ARE AVAILABLE AND COVER MANY SUBJECTS STUDIED AT THE UNIVERSITY. THERE IS ALSO A SEPARATE COLLECTION IN THE LIBRARY ORGANISED BY THE GERMAN-SOVIET FRIENDSHIP SOCIETY DEALING WITH MANY OTHER ASPECTS OF SOVIET TRAVEL, GEOGRAPHY AND SOCIAL LIFE. ******************************************** Document 2637 GUIDE TO SELECTED REFERENCE TOOLS AND INDOLOGICAL SOURCE MATERIALS' CLASSIFIED AND ANNOTATED. ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF SELECTED REFERENCE WORKS AND INDOLOGICAL MATERIALS, ARRANGED IN CLASSIFIED ORDER BY THE UNIVERSAL DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION, WITH SUBDIVISIONS BY AUTHOR, CORPORATE AUTHOR OR TITLE. ******************************************** Document 2638 A GUIDE TO DUTCH MANUSCRIPTS RELATING TO NEW NETHERLAND IN UNITED STATES REPOSITORIES. INTENDED TO FURNISH RESEARCHERS WITH THE LOCATION OF SOURCE MATERIAL RELATING TO NEW NETHERLAND, THIS GUIDE DESCRIBES THE DOCUMENTS AND COLLECTIONS HELD BY UNITED STATES REPOSITORIES AND PROVIDES ACCESSIBILITY TO THEM BY NOTING AVAILABLE PRINTED OR MANUSCRIPT TRANSLATIONS AND INDICATING WHETHER COPIES OF THE ORIGINALS HAVE BEEN COLLECTED FOR THE NEW YORK STATE LIBRARY. THE TIME PERIOD COVERED BY THE MATERIALS CITED IN THE GUIDE EXTENDS FROM THE EARLIEST YEARS OF DUTCH WEST INDIA COMPANY ACTIVITY IN NEW NETHERLAND TO THE FINAL RELINQUISHING OF CONTROL OF THE TERRITORY TO THE ENGLISH IN 1774; ALL DOCUMENTS ARE MANUSCRIPTS, WITH ONE EXCEPTION, AND ALL ARE IN DUTCH (EXCEPT FOR SOME ENGLISH NOTATIONS AND ENDORSEMENTS ENTERED LATER). REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2639 ARABIC PRINTED BOOKS IN THE FRENCH BIBLIOTHEQUE NATIONALE. CONTINUES AN OCCASIONAL SERIES ON HOLDINGS OF ARABIC MATERIAL, GIVING A BRIEF ACCOUNT OF PROGRESS TO DATE IN THE DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUING OF ARABIC LANGUAGE COLLECTIONS. THE HISTORICAL BACKGROUND TO PRINTING IN THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE IN THE 18TH CENTURY IS OUTLINED IN RELATION TO THE 3 PRESSES IN OPERATION AND THEIR DIFFICULTIES. REFERENCE IS MADE TO SIGNIFICANT EXAMPLES OF THEIR PRODUCTIONS IN THE BIBLIOTHEQUE NATIONALE. ******************************************** Document 2640 THE RASD OUTSTANDING REFERENCE SOURCES COMMITTEE' RETROSPECT AND PROSPECT. THE REFERENCE ADULT SERVICES DIVISION, OUTSTANDING REFERENCE SOURCES COMMITTEE ANNUALLY PREPARES THE LIST OF OUTSTANDING REFERENCE SOURCES FOR THE YEAR THAT IS PUBLISHED IN 2LIBRARY JOURNAL1. DESCRIBES THE PROCEDURES USED IN THE PREPARATION OF THE 1979 LIST OF OUTSTANDING REFERENCE SOURCES (PUBLISHED IN THE 15 APR 80 ISSUE OF 2LIBRARY JOURNAL1), DISCUSSES THE EXPANSION OF THE COMMITTEE'S SCOPE TO INCLUDE NON-BOOK REFERENCE SOURCES AND THE CRITERIA USED TO SELECT THOSE SOURCES, AND PROVIDES A RETROSPECTIVE LIST OF OUTSTANDING NON-BOOK REFERENCE SOURCES SELECTED BY THE 1979-80 COMMITTEE. ******************************************** Document 2641 EFFICIENT AND EFFECTIVE USE OF TECHNICAL DICTIONARIES AND ENCYCLOPAEDIAS. INCREASING INVOLVEMENT OF BULGARIA'S INSTITUTIONS AND INDIVIDUAL SCIENTISTS AND EXPERTS IN VARIOUS INTERNATIONAL PROJECTS, HAS LED TO MUCH HIGHER DEMAND FOR DICTIONARIES, ENCYCLOPAEDIAS AND FOREIGN REFERENCE PUBLICATIONS. THE AUTHOR'S POSTGRADUATE RESEARCH IN MAJOR SCIENTIFIC, TECHNICAL AND OTHER SPECIAL LIBRARIES IN SOFIA HAS SHOWN GREAT CARE HAS BEEN TAKEN IN THE CONTINUOUS UPDATING OF THE RELEVANT COLLECTIONS. THE PUBLICATIONS ARE, AT LEAST PARTLY, AVAILABLE TO THE USERS IN OPEN ACCESS DEPARTMENTS AND/OR IN SPECIALISED READING ROOMS, AS IN THE CYRIL AND METHODIUS NATIONAL LIBRARY. NEVERTHELESS, IT IS DESIRABLE THAT THE ACQUISITION DEPARTMENTS PAY EVEN CLOSER ATTENTION TO REFERENCE PUBLICATIONS. COMPILATION OF A GENERAL CATALOGUE OF ALL REFERENCE PUBLICATIONS IN THE CAPITAL'S LIBRARIES WOULD ALSO BE HELPFUL. REEDITED EVERY FEW YEARS, OR SUPPLEMENTED WITH AMENDMENTS AND APPENDICES, SUCH A CATALOGUE WOULD BE AN INVALUABLE ASSET FOR THE PROSPECTIVE COMPUTERISED DATA BANK OF SCIENTIFIC TERMINOLOGY. ******************************************** Document 2642 FACING THE PUBLIC. NOTES THE WIDE MEDIA COVERAGE OF CENSORSHIP ATTEMPTS CONCERNING US PUBLIC LIBRARIES, POINTING OUT THAT LIMITED CENSORSHIP PROBLEMS IN SMALL TOWNS GET NATIONAL MEDIA ATTENTION, WHILE THE DESPERATE FINANCIAL PLIGHT OF MANY OF THE COUNTRY'S LARGEST AND MOST VALUABLE URBAN LIBRARIES GOES UNNOTICED. ******************************************** Document 2643 AUDIO-VISUAL MATERIAL IN LIBRARY COLLECTIONS. IN THE LAST DECADE THE DEMANDS OF SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION HAVE UNDERGONE A GREAT CHANGE. LEARNING AND SELF-EDUCATION ARE PLAYING AN INCREASINGLY GREATER PART IN THE EDUCATION PROCESS AND AUDIO-VISUAL MATERIAL IN LIBRARIES HAVE AN IMPORTANT ROLE. DESCRIBES THE ORGANISATION AND PROCESSING OF AN AUDIO-VISUAL COLLECTION AND THE SERVICES WHICH CAN BE PROVIDED. ******************************************** Document 2644 SCRIPTWRITING FOR AUDIOVISUAL PRESENTATIONS. ADVISES ON THE PLANNING AND WRITING OF SCRIPTS FOR AUDIO-VISUAL PRODUCTION. GIVES A NUMBER OF EXAMPLES OF REAL SCRIPTS, WITH REVISIONS, TO ILLUSTRATE SOME OF THE PROBLEMS INVOLVED. ******************************************** Document 2645 THE AUDIOVISUAL LIBRARY ENVIRONMENT' A REPORT OF THE 1981 2AUDIOVISUAL LIBRARIAN 1STUDY SCHOOL AND CONFERENCE. REPORTS BRIEFLY THE PROCEEDINGS AT THE 1981 2AUDIOVISUAL LIBRARIAN 1STUDY SCHOOL AND CONFERENCE HELD AT LOUGHBOROUGH UNIVERSITY FROM JULY 3RD-6TH. TOPICS COVERED INCLUDE' THE WORK OF THE LIBRARY MEDIA SERVICE AT BRIGHTON POLYTECHNIC' THE ABRAHAM MOSS CENTRE IN MANCHESTER, WHICH HAS A COLLEGE OF FURTHER EDUCATION, A SCHOOL AND A PUBLIC LIBRARY ON ONE SITE; THE MAKING OF LIBRARY PROMOTIONAL FILMS; AND THE INVOLVEMENT OF LIBRARIES WITH VIDEO AND MICROCOMPUTERS. FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS IN VIDEO, PARTICULARLY VIDEODISC, ARE ALSO DISCUSSED. ******************************************** Document 2646 TRAINING IN THE NEW MEDIA. SOME EXAMPLES FROM AMERICAN LIBRARIES. REPORT ON A STUDY TRIP IN SUMMER 78, SPONSORED BY THE COMMISSION FOR FRANCO-AMERICAN CULTURAL EXCHANGE. THE INTEGRATION OF AUDIO-VISUAL MEDIA INTO LIBRARY SYSTEMS AND RELATED TRAINING PROGRAMMES ARE DESCRIBED IN RELATION TO SPECIFIC EXAMPLES OF 4 TYPES OF LIBRARIES' LIBRARY SCHOOLS, SPECIAL LIBRARIES, PUBLIC LIBRARIES, AND SCHOOL LIBRARIES. IN EACH CASE THE PARTICULAR LIBRARY CONTEXT IS DETAILED, AND THE ORGANISATION AND OPERATION OF PROGRAMMES TO DATE OUTLINED. IN GENERAL IN THE USA INTEGRATION OF AUDIO-VISUAL MEDIA AND TRAINING IN ITS USE ARE ONLY IN THE PRELIMINARY STAGES. ******************************************** Document 2647 MEDIA STANDARDS. GUIDELINES FOR LIBRARY MEDIA SERVICES FOR THE NORTH CLACKAMAS SCHOOL DISTRICT WERE DEVELOPED BY 2 TEAMS REPRESENTING THE ELEMENTARY, JUNIOR HIGH, AND SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLS. THESE MINIMUM STANDARDS DESCRIBE THE GOALS AND OBJECTIVES FOR LIBRARY MEDIA SERVICES TO STUDENTS, STAFF, AND COMMUNITY; THE OPERATION OF THE MEDIA CENTRES; AND THE AUDIO-VISUAL EQUIPMENT AND FACILITIES REQUIRED. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2648 AV AT CHARING CROSS HOSPITAL MEDICAL SCHOOL' A SURVEY OF USE. GIVES BRIEF DETAILS OF THE AUDIO-VISUAL COLLECTION AT CHARING CROSS HOSPITAL MEDICAL SCHOOL, AND PRESENTS THE RESULTS OF A SURVEY TO ASSESS THE USE OF THIS COLLECTION BY STUDENTS. SUMMARISES THE INFORMATION OBTAINED ON' THE USE OF AUDIO-VISUAL MATERIAL; PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED IN FINDING MATERIAL AND OPERATING EQUIPMENT; AND OPINIONS ON THE VALUE OF THE COLLECTION. CONCLUDES THAT THERE IS A NEED TO IMPROVE AND PROMOTE THE COLLECTION OF CLINICAL AUDIO-VISUAL MATERIAL; LECTURERS SHOULD BE INVOLVED IN THE SELECTION AND PROMOTION OF AUDIO-VISUAL MATERIAL; AND THAT, ALTHOUGH STUDENTS RECOGNISE THE VALUE OF THIS MATERIAL, AV DOES NOT REPLACE BOOKS OR LECTURES-IT JOINS THEM TO PRODUCE A SYNERGISTIC EFFECT. ******************************************** Document 2649 AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF SLIDE LIBRARY LITERATURE. INTENDED AS A GUIDE TO THE CURRENT LITERATURE OF NON-BOOK LIBRARIANSHIP DEALING WITH THE CARE AND ADMINISTRATION OF SLIDE COLLECTIONS, THIS LISTING SURVEYS POST-1960 IMPRINTS WHICH EMPHASISE ORGANISATION, CONTROL, INDEXING, CATALOGUING, GENERAL PLANNING, ACQUISITION, AND THE UNIQUE REQUIREMENTS OF SPECIALISED AREA COLLECTIONS SUCH AS FINE ARTS. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2650 BULGARIA AS DEPICTED IN OLD MAPS. THE CYRIL AND METHODIUS NATIONAL LIBRARY, THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LIBRARY AND THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, ALL IN SOFIA, AND THE IVAN VAZOV NATIONAL LIBRARY IN PLOVDIV HAVE THE LARGEST COLLECTIONS OF MAPS AND ATLASES IN BULGARIA. COVERS ONLY MAPS ISSUED UP TO 1944, IN WHICH BULGARIA IS INCLUDED. THE OLDEST OF THEM ARE NOT VERY ELABORATE, WITH TEXT IN LATIN ONLY. FROM THE 16TH CENTURY, PARALLEL TEXT IN GERMAN AND/OR FRENCH WAS ADDED. UP TO THE 18TH CENTURY, THE MAPS WERE PRINTED AND PUBLISHED MAINLY IN AMSTERDAM, ROME, AUSBURG AND NUERBURG, BULGARIA'S OWN CARTOGRAPHIC FACILITIES STARTED WITH THE FIRST MAP PRODUCED BY A BULGARIAN IN BULGARIAN WHICH WAS PUBLISHED IN 1843. EVEN THEN, HOWEVER, MAPS WERE PRINTED IN VIENNA. ANOTHER STEP FORWARD WAS THE LIBERATION FROM TURKISH RULE (1878), FOLLOWED BY THE FOUNDATION OF VARIOUS NATIONAL INSTITUTIONS, HEADED BY THE STATE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHICAL INSTITUTE (1891) AND THE UNIVERSITY OF SOFIA (1898) WITH THE CHAIR OF GEOGRAPHY . THERE WERE ALSO HISTORIC MAPS PUBLISHED FROM 1878 TO 1944. AMONG THEM, THE MOST IMPORTANT IS THE MAP OF UPRISING AND CLASS STRUGGLE, AIMING TOWARDS AND EVENTUALLY LEADING TO THE LIBERATION AND UNIFICATION OF THE BULGARIAN NATION. ******************************************** Document 2651 LOCAL CARTOBIBLIOGRAPHY-RESOURCE SHARING AT THE GRASS ROOTS. PAPER GIVEN AT A MEETING OF THE GEOGRAPHY AND MAP DIVISION DURING THE SPECIAL LIBRARIES ASSOCIATION CONFERENCE IN HAWAII, JUNE 79. REPORTS A PROJECT, BASED AT THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BINGHAMTON, AIMED AT LOCATING AND ARRANGING ACCESS TO LOCALLY HELD AREA CARTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS. DESCRIBES THE WAY IN WHICH THE PROJECT WAS CARRIED OUT, AND GIVES BRIEF DETAILS OF THE RESULTING PUBLICATION-2A GUIDE TO MAPS, ATLASES, AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS OF BROOME COUNTY, NEW YORK1. ******************************************** Document 2652 CARTOBIBLIOGRAPHY AND MAP LIBRARIANSHIP' THE STATE OF THE ARTS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO WESTERN AUSTRALIA. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE 8TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE AUSTRALIAN MAP CURATORS CIRCLE, 1980. AN ACCOUNT OF THE AUTHOR'S INVESTIGATION INTO CARTOBIBLIOGRAPHY AND MAP LIBRARIANSHIP IN WESTERN AUSTRALIA (WA) AND THE KEY ROLE OF THE WA HISTORY DIVISION OF THE WA STATE LIBRARY (THE BATTYE LIBRARY) WITH REFERENCE TO THE SITUATION IN MAP LIBRARIES THROUGHOUT THE WORLD VISITED BY THE AUTHOR. ******************************************** Document 2653 AUSTRALIAN MAP CURATORS CIRCLE-9TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE. 3 PAPERS FROM THE AUSTRALIAN MAP CURATORS CIRCLE'S 9TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE, SYDNEY, FEB 81' PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS-MAPS FOR EVERYONE, BY D.F. PRESCOTT; THEMATIC MAPPING BY THE DIVISION OF NATIONAL MAPPING, BY G.W. PARKINSON (THESE HAVE NOT BEEN ABSTRACTED); AND PLANNING A NEW MAP LIBRARY, BY W.H. LAMBLE, FOR AN ABSTRACT OF WHICH +S+E+E THE FOLLOWING SERIAL NUMBER'. ******************************************** Document 2654 INSURANCE MICROPUBLISHING' A NEW APPROACH. THE CONTINENTAL INSURANCE COMPANIES HAVE CREATED A NEW APPROACH TO MICROPUBLISHING WHICH HAS CONVERTED A SYSTEM THAT FORMERLY CONTAINED OVER 9 FEET OF PRINTED MANUALS DISTRIBUTED NATIONWIDE TO MORE THAN 2,000 INDIVIDUALS. THE PAPER MANUAL SYSTEM REQUIRED FREQUENT UPDATING (20-25% OF THE MANUALS WERE UPDATED MONTHLY) AND WAS USED DAILY BY THE 2,000 RATER/CODERS. INTRODUCES CONTINENTAL'S MICROFICHE CODING MANUAL SYSTEM-AN EXAMPLE OF AN INSURANCE COMPANY'S APPLICATION OF MODERN MICROPUBLISHING TECHNOLOGY. ******************************************** Document 2655 TAPE-SLIDE PROJECTORS FOR LIBRARIES' A TECHNICAL REVIEW. REVIEWS THE TECHNICAL FEATURES OF 3 MODELS OF TAPE-SLIDE PROJECTORS WHICH APPEAR TO BE SUITABLE FOR USER ACCESS IN LIBRARIES' THE FAIRCHILD SYNCHROSLIDE' THE SINGER CARAMATE; AND THE BELL & HOWELL RINGMASTER. DISCUSSES A NUMBER OF POINTS WHICH SHOULD BE CONSIDERED WHEN PURCHASING THIS TYPE OF MACHINE FOR USE IN LIBRARIES. ******************************************** Document 2656 LIBRARIES IN A SOCIETY OF PICTORIAL ABUNDANCE' DO THEY HONOUR THEIR RESPONSIBILITY?. PAPER GIVEN AT THE SWEDISH LIBRARY ASSOCIATION'S ANNUAL MEETING. DESCRIBES TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENTS IN THE VIDEO FIELD, WHICH ARE LIKELY TO LEAD TO AN ABUNDANCE OF PICTURES COMPETING ON OUR TV SCREENS. THIS SITUATION HAS BOTH PROBLEMS AND POSSIBILITIES. THE OUTPUT OF VIDEO CASSETTES CONSISTS MAINLY OF LOW QUALITY ACTION FILMS AND THE DELAY IN THE PLANS FOR DISTRIBUTION OF SWEDISH TV PROGRAMMES, WHICH SHOULD HEIGHTEN THE QUALITY, IS REGRETTABLE. BUT THE NEW DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM ALSO OFFERS NEW FREEDOM OF CHOICE AND INDEPENDENCE OF TRANSMISSION TIMES. VIDEO TECHNIQUES ARE USEFUL FOR MINORITIES SUCH AS THE DEAF AND IMMIGRANTS. THE VIDEOGRAM COMMISSION THEREFORE RECOMMENDS THAT LIBRARIES SHOULD SHOW VIDEO FILMS, LEND THEM AND TRANSMIT THEM VIA CABLE. ******************************************** Document 2657 THE PUBLIC LIBRARY AS PROVIDER OF VIDEO. DESCRIBES THE AVAILABILITY OF VIDEOTAPES AND EQUIPMENT IN DANISH PUBLIC LIBRARIES. THIS AMOUNTED IN 1977 TO 5 LIBRARIES. MOST OF THE PROGRAMMES ARE LOCALLY PRODUCED BY AMATEUR GROUPS FOR EDUCATIONAL AND LOCAL HISTORICAL PURPOSES. ONLY 1 LIBRARY HAS TAKEN UP THE OFFER OF DEPOSIT OF VIDEO CASSETTES FROM THE STATE FILM CENTRE. REFERS TO VARIOUS REPORTS WHICH MAKE IT CLEAR THAT VIDEO IS A MATERIAL WHICH PROPERLY BELONGS IN A PUBLIC LIBRARY AND CAN BE ACQUIRED WITH PUBLIC MONEY. THE DESIRABILITY OF HAVING RADIO AND TV PROGRAMMES AVAILABLE FOR LOAN IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES HAS OFTEN BEEN POINTED OUT, BUT THIS WOULD NECESSITATE CHANGES IN THE COPYRIGHT ACT OR DIRECT NEGOTIATION BY THE LIBRARIES WITH THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS. ARCHIVES FOR RADIO AND TV PRODUCTIONS SHOULD BE SET UP AND THE LAW ON LEGAL DEPOSITS EXPANDED TO INCLUDE NON-BOOK MATERIAL. COOPERATION WITHIN THE NORDIC COUNCIL IS URGED, AND EXPERIMENTS IN SELECTED LIBRARIES ARE RECOMMENDED. ******************************************** Document 2658 THE VIDEO MEDIUM AND THE LIBRARIES' FUTURE PROVISION OF PICTURES. DESCRIBES THE GROWTH OF VIDEO FILMS. CALLS FOR A FORUM OF LIBRARIANS WHO CAN INITIATE PILOT PROJECTS AND EXAMINE DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF VIDEO IN RELATION TO LIBRARIES. AS THIS MEDIUM IS CONSIDERABLY CHEAPER TO PRODUCE AND DISTRIBUTE THAN FILMS, IT IS IMPORTANT THAT LIBRARIES COOPERATE WITH OTHER CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS IN SECURING A QUALITY PRODUCTION TO COUNTERACT THE PRESENT LOW QUALITY OUTPUT. THE MEDIUM ALSO RAISES THE POSSIBILITY OF LIBRARIES ESTABLISHING WORKSHOPS WHERE EVERYONE CAN USE EQUIPMENT FOR VIDEO PRODUCTION. DESCRIBES A PROJECT LIBRARY AND VIDEO IN HVIDOVRE PUBLIC LIBRARIES, IN APR 80. VIDEO PROGRAMMES WERE AVAILABLE THROUGH THE LIBRARY'S VIDEO COLLECTION AND THROUGH A VIDEO WORKSHOP, IN WHICH THE PUBLIC WERE ENCOURAGED TO EXPERIMENT WITH THE EQUIPMENT THEMSELVES. ******************************************** Document 2659 THE USE OF THE SOVIET EXPERIENCE IN THE PROMOTION OF SOCIO-POLITICAL LITERATURE IN MONGOLIAN LIBRARIES. EMPHASISES THE SIGNIFICANCE OF SOCIO-POLITICAL LITERATURE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MARXIST-LENINIST OUTLOOK OF THE MONGOLIAN POPULATION AND ITS ROLE IN THE CURRENT SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, EDUCATION AND TRAINING. FORMS AND METHODS OF WORK WITH SOCIO-POLITICAL LITERATURE IN MONGOLIAN LIBRARIES ARE REVIEWED INCLUDING EXTENSION WORK. THE ROLE OF SOVIET GUIDANCE IN THE PROMOTION METHODS EMPLOYED IS STRESSED. FUTURE PLANS WILL INCLUDE THE INTRODUCTION OF A CENTRALISED LIBRARY SYSTEM, MECHANISATION AND IMPROVEMENT OF BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SERVICES. THE MONGOLIAN VARIANT OF THE RUSSIAN LIBRARY-BIBLIOGRAPHICAL CLASSIFICATION IS IN PREPARATION. ******************************************** Document 2660 ESSENTIAL RESEARCH TOOLS FOR CRIMINAL DEFENSE ATTORNEYS. OFFERS SOME SUGGESTIONS ABOUT THE RESEARCH TOOLS THAT CAN PROVIDE US CRIMINAL DEFENSE ATTORNEYS WITH UP-TO-DATE AND THOROUGH INFORMATION ON CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE. THE EMPHASIS IS ON THOSE MATERIALS WHICH ARE MOST WIDELY USED IN FEDERAL CRIMINAL DEFENSE PRACTICE, ALTHOUGH REFERENCE TO TOOLS USEFUL IN CALIFORNIA STATE CRIMINAL DEFENSE PRACTICE FURTHER PROVIDES A PARADIGM FOR MATERIALS AVAILABLE IN A STATE JURISDICTION. ******************************************** Document 2661 REFERENCE MATERIALS IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE' A SELECTIVE ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY. THIS ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRPAHY IS A SELECTED GUIDE TO MATERIALS IN THE FIELD OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE THAT ARE AVAILABLE IN THE REFERENCE COLLECTIONS OF THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES AT THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT ALBANY. THE LISTING COVERS MATERIALS RELATED TO THE TOPICS OF CRIME, JUVENILE DELINQUENCY, THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM, AND PENOLOGY; CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE ARE NOT COVERED. CONTAINING MORE THAN 100 ENTRIES, THE BIBLIOGRAPHY IS DIVIDED INTO 4 SECTIONS' INDEXES AND ABSTRACTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, DICTIONARIES/DIRECTORIES, AND GENERAL WORKS. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2662 DIRECTORY OF ORGANIZATIONS WORKING FOR WOMEN'S EDUCATIONAL EQUITY. THIS LISTING IDENTIFIES ORGANISATIONS WHICH HAVE WOMEN'S CONCERNS AS A MAJOR FOCUS, AND ORGANISATIONS WHICH PROVIDE TRAINING PROGRAMMES, WORKSHOPS, CONFERENCES, SEMINARS, CURRICULA, AND MATERIALS THAT ENHANCE WOMEN'S CAREERS OR SELF DEVELOPMENT. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2663 JOURNALS AND CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS OF CHEMICAL HISTORY, EDUCATION AND DOCUMENTATION. THE APPROPRIATE SECTIONS OF VOLUMES 70 AND 71 (1969) AND 90 AND 91 (1979) OF 2CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS 1WERE SEARCHED TO LOCATE ALL PAPERS AND CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS RELATED TO CHEMICAL HISTORY, EDUCATION, AND DOCUMENTATION. A TABULATION WAS MADE OF THE NUMBER OF ITEMS PUBLISHED IN EACH AREA BY JOURNAL AND LANGUAGE OF PUBLICATION. A COMPARISON WAS MADE OF THE CHANGING PATTERNS OF PUBLICATION. ******************************************** Document 2664 THE BEILSTEIN HANDBOOK OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY' THE FIRST HUNDRED YEARS. THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF 2BEILSTEIN'S HANDBOOK OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY1 IS REVIEWED, AND THE GENERAL VALUE AND SIGNIFICANCE AS WELL AS THE PRINCIPAL CONCEPTS AND MAIN GOALS OF THIS UNIQUE WORK IN THE FIELD OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY ARE BRIEFLY DISCUSSED. ******************************************** Document 2665 REQUIREMENTS AND SUPPLY OF LITERATURE IN PHARMACEUTICAL TRAINING. IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO DRAW A LINE BETWEEN THE TRAINING OF PHARMACISTS AND OTHER NATURAL SCIENCE TRAINING. IT IS QUESTIONABLE WHAT THE PURPOSE OF TRAINING ACTUALLY IS, BUT IT IS OBVIOUS THAT PHARMACISTS MUST BE TRAINED TO PRACTISE IMMEDIATELY IN A PHARMACY, AT A SICK-BED, IN A RESEARCH INSTITUTE OR A PHARMACEUTICAL FACTORY. THOSE INVOLVED IN TRAINING NEED SPECIALIST BOOKS AND JOURNALS. IN HUNGARY, THESE CAN BE PURCHASED BY EVERYBODY, ALTHOUGH PURCHASE OF FOREIGN MATERIALS MAY BE FINANCIALLY DIFFICULT. LIBRARY BUDGETS SHOULD PERMIT THE PURCHASE OF EXPENSIVE BIBLIOGRAPHIES AND ABSTRACTING JOURNALS, AND REFERENCE BOOKS, LIBRARIANS INSISTING ON THEIR CONTINUOUS ACQUISITION. FINANCIAL PROBLEMS MAY BE SOLVED BY BUDGETS WHICH FOLLOW PROPORTIONAL PRICE INCREASE, AND BY GOVERNMENTS WILLING TO REDUCE IMPORT PROFIT RATES OF MATERIALS FOR EDUCATION, RESEARCH AND MEDICAL TREATMENT. LIBRARIANS SHOULD BE WELL ACQUAINTED WITH THE TERMINOLOGY, TRAINING SYSTEM AND LITERATURE OF THEIR FIELD, AND BE QUALIFIED TO INTRODUCE READERS TO INTELLECTUAL WORK. ******************************************** Document 2666 FILMS ON MENTAL RETARDATION. PUBLIC LAW 94-142, THE US EDUCATION OF ALL HANDICAPPED CHILDREN ACT OF 1975, HAS BROUGHT A NEW AWARENESS OF THE NEEDS AND PROBLEMS OF THE HANDICAPPED. LIBRARIANS CAN HELP TO DEVELOP THIS AWARENESS, PARTICULARLY AMONGST CHILDREN, BY PROVIDING FILMS. PRESENTS AN ANNOTATED LIST OF FILMS ABOUT THE MENTALLY RETARDED AND THEIR ROLE IN SOCIETY. ******************************************** Document 2667 A PICTURE LENDING SCHEME' THE DUBLIN EXPERIENCE. DUBLIN PUBLIC LIBRARIES INITIATED A PICTURE LENDING SCHEME IN 1979. DISCUSSES THE OPERATION UNDER' GENERAL POLICY; STOCK COVERAGE; SELECTION PROCESS; CATALOGUING; THE VISUAL RECORD; FRAMING; DISPLAY AND STORAGE; AND REGULATIONS. FRAMING TAKES MORE THAN 50% OF THE COST OF THE COMPLETED PICTURE. ******************************************** Document 2668 MICROFORMS AND ART LIBRARIES. FROM THE DUAL REFERENCE POINTS OF 2MICROFORM REVIEW'S1 SUMMER 79 VISUAL ARTS ISSUE AND THE ART LIBRARIES SOCIETY OF NORTH AMERICA 9TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE IN FEB 81, EXAMINES THE CURRENT STATE OF ACCEPTANCE AND USE OF MICROFORMATTED VISUAL MATERIALS FOR SERIOUS RESEARCH. PERSISTENT PROBLEMS PERTAINING TO RESOLUTION, COLOUR FIDELITY AND PERMANENCE, AND LARGE AUDIENCE IMAGE DISPLAY ARE DISCUSSED AGAINST SOME NEW TRENDS IN PUBLICATION AND DISTRIBUTION WHICH CAN VASTLY INCREASE THE HOLDINGS AND RESEARCH CAPACITIES OF INDIVIDUAL INSTITUTIONS. ******************************************** Document 2669 DEICHMAN LIBRARY AND SERIES BOOKS FOR CHILDREN. IN SPRING 79 DEICHMAN LIBRARY, OSLO, STOPPED BUYING CHILDREN'S SERIES BOOKS AND DISCARDED WORN-OUT STOCK COPIES. THEY WERE SURPRISED BY HOSTILE PUBLIC REACTION (A SELECTION OF READERS' LETTERS TO OSLO NEWSPAPERS IS APPENDED), HAVING REGARDED THE MOVE AS CORRECTING A LONG-STANDING MISTAKE. SINCE THE MID-60S DEICHMAN HAD BOUGHT A FEW COPIES OF 2HARDY BOYS1 AND SIMILAR TITLES, RECOGNISED AS SUB-STANDARD LITERATURE, BUT INTENDED TO LEAD CHILDREN TO BETTER BOOKS AND INCREASE THE THEN INADEQUATE SELECTION OF CHILDREN'S LITERATURE. BY 1979 THE STANDARD OF NORWEGIAN CHILDREN'S LITERATURE HAD GREATLY IMPROVED AND THE NUMBER OF AVAILABLE TITLES INCREASED. IN VIEW OF RISING BOOK PRICES, PRIORITY WAS GIVEN TO GOOD NORWEGIAN CHILDREN'S BOOKS RATHER THAN ADULT AND FOREIGN BOOKS IN CHILDREN'S DEPARTMENTS (EXCEPTING BOOKS FOR IMMIGRANTS). SERIES BOOKS WERE EXCLUDED FOR A YEAR AS AN EXPERIMENT. ******************************************** Document 2670 STATEMENT OF POLICY RELATING TO ARCHIVES. A STATEMENT OF POLICY RELATING TO ARCHIVES IN THE UK DEVELOPED BY THE MUSEUMS ASSOCIATION, SOCIETY OF ARCHIVISTS AND THE LIBRARY ASSOCIATION, WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY PATRICK J. BOYLAN. THE POLICY COVERS' THE LEGAL POSITION OF ARCHIVE COLLECTIONS IN MUSEUMS AND LIBRARIES; COLLECTING RESPONSIBILITIES-GENERAL COLLECTIONS; SPECIAL COLLECTIONS; OTHER COLLECTING AGENCIES; PURCHASE GRANTS; DISPOSAL OF COLLECTIONS; RECORDS MANAGEMENT; AND AREAS OF POSITIVE COLLABORATION BETWEEN THE 3 PROFESSIONS. ******************************************** Document 2671 THE ADMINISTRATION OF A SMALLER PUBLIC LIBRARY AUTHORITY AND THE ORGANISATION OF THE COUNTY LIBRARY SYSTEM. IN THE NETHERLANDS LOCAL AUTHORITIES WITH LESS THAN 30,000 INHABITANTS MAY ORGANISE THEIR OWN LIBRARY SERVICE. HOWEVER, THEY ARE REQUIRED BY THE DUTCH PUBLIC LIBRARIES ACT TO WORK IN CLOSE COOPERATION WITH THE COUNTY LIBRARY NETWORK. LIBRARY COMMITTEES IN THESE AREAS SHOULD INCLUDE A REPRESENTATIVE CROSS-SECTION OF THE SOCIAL AND CULTURAL LIFE OF THE COMMUNITY. COMMITTEE MEMBERS WITH LOCAL CONNECTIONS ARE MORE LIKELY TO UNDERSTAND THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE AREA. HOWEVER, WHERE THE LOCAL LIBRARY COMMITTEE INSISTS ON FOLLOWING ITS OWN POLICIES, THE COUNTY LIBRARY SYSTEM MAY BE PREVENTED FROM PURSUING A COORDINATED POLICY FOR ALL LIBRARIES THROUGHOUT ITS REGION. THE INTERESTS OF THE LOCAL COMMUNITY CAN BE SERVED BY THE CREATION OF LIBRARY USERS' COMMITTEES IN EACH AREA. ******************************************** Document 2672 A QUEBEC REGIONAL PUBLIC LIBRARIES COMMITTEE. DESCRIBES THE INCEPTION OF A QUEBEC REGIONAL PUBLIC LIBRARIES COMMITTEE, INVOLVING 11 LIBRARIES, IN 1978. INITIALLY CONCEIVED AS A FORUM FOR GENERAL DISCUSSION, THE GROUP'S ACTIVITIES EXPANDED TO INCLUDE STRATEGIES FOR SOLVING COMMON PROBLEMS SUCH AS ACQUISITION OF NEW EQUIPMENT, AND BULK COOPERATIVE PURCHASING. ******************************************** Document 2673 LONG-TERM PLANNING' AN IMPORTANT TASK IN LIBRARIANSHIP. LONG-TERM PLANNING IS VITAL TO THE NATIONAL ECONOMY AND HAS BEEN A FEATURE OF SOVIET LIBRARIANSHIP SINCE THE 1ST 5-YEAR PLAN. DISCUSSES THE METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS ONLY. THE PURPOSE OF LIBRARY PLANNING CAN BE DEFINED AS 'THE CREATION OF THE OPTIMAL CONDITIONS FOR SATISFYING READERS' REQUIREMENTS AND OVERCOMING INCONSISTENCIES IN THE READING HABITS OF DIFFERENT SOCIO-ECONOMIC GROUPS'. THE PRINCIPLES INVOLVED IN SUCH PLANNING INCLUDE POLITICAL COMMITMENT AND A SCIENTIFIC BASIS, AND THERE IS A TENDENCY NOW TO USE A WIDE RANGE OF LOGICAL, STATISTICAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS TO PRODUCE THE REQUIRED MODEL. ******************************************** Document 2674 PLANNING A NEW MAP LIBRARY. PAPER DELIVERED AT THE 9TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE AUSTRALIAN MAP CURATORS CIRCLE, SYDNEY, FEB 81. THE LIBRARY BOARD OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA IS IN AN ADVANCED STAGE OF PLANNING A NEW LIBRARY SERVICES BUILDING, THE ALEXANDER LIBRARY BUILDING. IT WILL CONTAIN 3 MAP COLLECTIONS' ONE WITHIN THE J.S. BATTYE LIBRARY OF WEST AUSTRALIAN HISTORY AND STATE ARCHIVES, ANOTHER WITHIN THE GENERAL REFERENCE LIBRARY, AND A MAP LENDING LIBRARY. DISCUSSES THE EFFECT OF THE LIBRARY BOARD'S HISTORY, ROLE, AND ORGANISATION ON THE MAP COLLECTION PLANNING OPTIONS; THE GENERAL PLANNING PRINCIPLES USED; AND THE SOLUTION OF SPECIFIC PROBLEMS. ******************************************** Document 2675 RESEARCH SEMINAR ON TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE. REPORT BASED ON A RESEARCH SEMINAR AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD, POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL OF LIBRARIANSHIP AND INFORMATION SCIENCE (UK), 20 JUNE 80. AIMS OF THE SEMINAR WERE' TO ATTEMPT TO ISOLATE PARTICULAR FORCES OF TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE OPERATING UPON LIBRARIES/INFORMATION AGENCIES AND TO DETERMINE WHICH OF THESE DESERVED SYSTEMATIC STUDY; AND TO DISCUSS AND SUGGEST RESEARCH TECHNIQUES AND APPROACHES APPROPRIATE TO SPECIFIC CHANGE ISSUES AND PROBLEMS. SUMMARISES THE DISCUSSIONS AND A KEY ADDRESS BY PETER CLARK. ******************************************** Document 2676 SOME ASPECTS OF LIBRARY NETWORKING IN THE USA. 3 TYPES OF AMERICAN LIBRARY NETWORKS ARE DEFINED' ORGANISATIONAL, SPECIALISED AND FUNCTIONAL. PUBLIC LIBRARIES BELONG TO THE FIRST GROUP, WHOSE PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT ARE THE RESPONSIBILITY OF STATE LIBRARIES. SPECIALISED NETWORKS LINK TOGETHER SPECIAL LIBRARIES DEVOTED TO THE SAME SUBJECT DISCIPLINE (NATIONWIDE NETWORKS OF MEDICAL OR AGRICULTURAL LIBRARIES BELONG TO THIS GROUP). THE LAST TYPE BRINGS TOGETHER LIBRARIES WHOSE AUTOMATED SYSTEMS ARE BASED ON THE USE OF THE SAME DATA BASE (E.G. OCLC). ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE NETWORKS IS DISCUSSED TOGETHER WITH SEVERAL OTHER ASPECTS INCLUDING USERS, CENTRALISED CATALOGUING AND BOOK PROCESSING, LONG TERM PLANNING, COORDINATED ACQUISITIONS, INTERLIBRARY LENDING AND COMPILATION OF UNION CATALOGUES AND BIBLIOGRAPHIES. ******************************************** Document 2677 THE LIBRARY WITHIN THE COOPERATION BETWEEN TWIN TOWNS. THE IMPORTANCE OF TWINNING ARRANGEMENTS BETWEEN NORDIC TOWNS FOR THE FURTHERANCE OF NORDIC CULTURE IS RECOGNISED, BUT THE ROLE OF LIBRARIES IN THIS COOPERATION IS NOT CLEAR. THE LIBRARY IS THE NATURAL POINT FOR COLLECTION OF MATERIAL ABOUT THE TWIN TOWNS AND FOR THE TRANSFER OF MATERIAL FROM THE HOME TOWN TO THE TWIN TOWNS. IT SHOULD ENCOURAGE READING OF THE NEIGHBOURING COUNTRIES' LITERATURE. DESCRIBES THE EXCHANGE AGREEMENTS BETWEEN JAMTLAND REGIONAL LIBRARY IN SWEDEN, AND SOUTH TRONDELAG LIBRARY ASSOCIATION AND THE REGIONAL LIBRARY IN TRONDHEIM, NORWAY. JOINT SEMINARS ON NORDIC LITERATURE ARE HELD EVERY OTHER YEAR. IT IS HOPED EVENTUALLY TO EXTEND COOPERATION TO THE FINNISH AND DANISH TWIN TOWNS. ******************************************** Document 2678 INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA PROGRAMS IN THE STATE LIBRARY NETWORK. A POLICY STATEMENT. THE POLICY BASED ON THE PRINCIPLE THAT ALL TYPES OF LIBRARIES AND USERS STAND TO BENEFIT FROM INCREASED COOPERATION WAS ADOPTED BY THE WISCONSIN DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION IN 1979. THE DEVELOPMENT AND SUPPORT OF BOTH FORMAL AND INFORMAL COOPERATIVE ARRANGEMENTS IS ENCOURAGED AS A MEANS TO FACILITATE RESOURCE SHARING AMONG ALL SCHOOLS WITHIN A DISTRICT. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2679 REGIONAL SUPPORTING LIBRARIES IN THE NETHERLANDS' THE PROVINCIALE BIBLIOTHEEK VAN ZEELAND. (MLS DISSERTATION) IN THE MID-60S IN THE NETHERLANDS A MEETING OF ABOUT 50 LIBRARIANS FROM PUBLIC AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES ATTEMPTED TO FIND A SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEMS OF UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES AND THE PROVISION OF STUDY LITERATURE TO NON-UNIVERSITY STUDENTS. 2 ANSWERS WERE DISCUSSED' (1) A CENTRALISED LITERATURE PROVISION SYSTEM, IN WHICH 1 SCHOLARLY LIBRARY WOULD BE SET UP TO SERVE THE NON-UNIVERSITY STUDENTS; AND (2) A DECENTRALISED SYSTEM, ENSURING THAT STUDY LITERATURE WOULD BE AVAILABLE THROUGH A NETWORK OF REGIONAL CENTRAL LIBRARIES BASED IN THE PROVINCES, AS SUPPORTING LIBRARIES FOR THE UNIVERSITIES. 12 SUCH PROVINCIAL LIBRARIES WERE PROPOSED. REVIEWS THE PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SYSTEM IN THE 70S, THE NEED FOR COOPERATION, AND THE PRESENT SYSTEM. ******************************************** Document 2680 NETWORKS AND NEWS-ONE WOMEN'S VIEW OF THE 1981 CONFERENCE. A REPORT ON THE UK SERIALS GROUP ANNUAL CONFERENCE, MAR 81, MANCHESTER. THE THEME WAS COOPERATION IN SERIALS LIBRARIANSHIP AND INCLUDED COOPERATIVE CATALOGUING, ELECTRONIC PUBLISHING, SUBJECT SPECIALISATION AND RESOURCE SHARING IN AFRICA. ******************************************** Document 2681 APPROACHES TO FORECASTING DEMANDS FOR LIBRARY NETWORK SERVICES. THE PROBLEM OF FORECASTING MONTHLY DEMANDS FOR LIBRARY NETWORK SERVICES IS CONSIDERED, ESPECIALLY IN TERMS OF USING FORECASTS AS INPUTS TO POLICY ANALYSIS MODELS AND IN TERMS OF THE USE OF FORECASTS AS AN AID TO BUDGETING AND STAFFING DECISIONS. FORECASTING METHODS CONSIDERED INCLUDE BOX-JENKINS TIME-SERIES METHODOLOGY, ADAPTIVE FILTERING, AND LINEAR REGRESSION. USING DEMAND DATA FROM THE ILLINOIS LIBRARY AND INFORMATION NETWORK FOR 1971-78, IT IS SHOWN THAT FADING-MEMORY REGRESSION IS THE MOST APPROPRIATE METHOD, IN TERMS OF BOTH ACCURACY AND EASE OF USE. ******************************************** Document 2682 OHIO REGIONAL LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS AS PROPOSED BY THE OHIO MULTITYPE INTERLIBRARY COOPERATION COMMITTEE. THE ESSENCE OF THE PROPOSED OHIO REGIONAL LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SYSTEM IS TO PROVIDE EVERY OHIOAN ACCESS TO LIBRARY AND INFORMATION RESOURCES AND SERVICES THROUGH MULTITYPE LIBRARY COOPERATION. OUTLINES FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE OHIO REGIONAL LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SYSTEM; ITS PURPOSE; SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION, STRUCTURE, AND OPERATION; FUNDING; AND DEFINITIONS. ANSWERS SOME QUESTIONS CONCERNING THE SYSTEM. ******************************************** Document 2683 TOWARDS AN ALTERNATIVE REGIONAL APPROACH TO LIBRARIES. IN THE NETHERLANDS A CHANGE IN GOVERNMENT POLICY TOWARDS THE PROVISION OF REGIONAL LIBRARY SERVICES IS NOW BECOMING APPARENT. IN THE GOVERNMENT'S VIEW THE INCREASING AVAILABILITY OF ON-LINE INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SERVICES WILL NECESSITATE THE CREATION OF A NETWORK OF WELL-STOCKED LIBRARIES IN EACH REGION. IN ORDER TO FINANCE SUCH A POLICY WHILST LOCAL AUTHORITIES ARE SUFFERING SEVERE ECONOMIC RESTRAINTS, THE GOVERNMENT HAS SUGGESTED THAT LESS ATTENTION SHOULD BE GIVEN TO THE RECREATIONAL FUNCTION OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES. IN ADDITION, RESEARCH BY THE BIBLIOTHEEKRAAD (LIBRARY ADVISORY COUNCIL) INTO INTERLIBRARY LENDING IN THE NETHERLANDS HAS SHOWN THAT THERE IS INSUFFICIENT COOPERATION ON ACQUISITION POLICIES AMONGST THE LIBRARIES OF EACH REGION. IN ORDER TO BRING LIBRARIES TOGETHER IN CLOSER COOPERATION IT WILL BE NECESSARY TO OVERCOME THE RESISTANCE OF INDIVIDUAL LIBRARIANS AND TO CHANGE THE PRESENT LAW RELATING TO PUBLIC LIBRARIES. ******************************************** Document 2684 POLITICAL SETTING OF LIBRARIES IN POST-SECONDARY INSTITUTIONS. DISCUSSES THE RELEVANCE OF POLITICAL POWER TO THE ADMINISTRATION OF A POST-SECONDARY INSTITUTION LIBRARY, IN RELATION TO THE REPORTING STRUCTURE, LIBRARY/SENATE RELATIONS, STATUS OF THE LIBRARY COMMITTEE, THE ROLE OF THE CHIEF LIBRARIAN AND OTHER LIBRARIANS ON UNIVERSITY COMMITTEES, INDEPENDENCE OF LIBRARY MANAGEMENT, PROTECTION OF THE LIBRARY, NETWORKS, AND RELATIONS WITH THE LOCAL COMMUNITY. ******************************************** Document 2685 THE INVISIBLE LIBRARY. ARGUES THAT THE NEGLECT OF PR ACTIVITIES BY PUBLIC LIBRARIES HAS LED TO AN INCREASING LACK OF UNDERSTANDING OF THEIR BASIC AIMS AMONG POLITICIANS AND A CONSEQUENT REDUCTION IN THEIR BUDGETS. THE LIBRARY SERVICE OCCUPIES A MODEST PLACE IN THE PUBLIC DEBATE COMPARED TO OTHER SECTORS BECAUSE IT HAS NO COMPETITORS AND THE PUBLIC LACKS A BASIS FOR COMPARISON. LIBRARY MATTERS GET LITTLE PUBLICITY EITHER IN THE NATIONAL, LOCAL OR PROFESSIONAL PRESS. ACTIONS BY USER GROUPS, ESPECIALLY IF THESE ARE GENERALLY RESPECTED CITIZENS, CAN BE VERY EFFECTIVE AND CONTACT WITH ORGANISATIONS SUCH AS THE CHAMBER OF COMMERCE AND THE TRADE UNIONS SHOULD BE NURTURED BY THE LIBRARY. THIS COULD TAKE THE FORM OF 'FRIENDS OF THE LIBRARY GROUPS, AS FOUND LARGELY IN THE USA, OR, MORE IN LINE WITH DANISH PRACTICE, USER COUNCILS. ******************************************** Document 2686 LOBBYING FOR LIBRARIES. INTERVIEWS EILEEN COOKE, LEADER OF THE AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION'S WASHINGTON OFFICE. THE OFFICE WAS ESTABLISHED IN 1945. IT HAS HELPED TO BRING ABOUT THE LIBRARY SERVICES AND CONSTRUCTION ACT, WHICH HAS BEEN RESPONSIBLE FOR THE BUILDING OF MANY NEW LIBRARIES. BUT THE PASSING OF THE ACT DOES NOT ENSURE ACTUAL PAYMENT OF GRANTS TO THE INDIVIDUAL STATES. FOR THIS TO HAPPEN, PERSISTENT LOBBYING OF THE CONGRESS COMMITTEE IS NECESSARY. THE OFFICE KEEPS INTERESTED CONGRESS REPRESENTATIVES INFORMED OF LIBRARY ISSUES, FOLLOWS THE LEGISLATIVE PROCESS IN RELEVANT AREAS, AND BRIEFS MEMBERS BEFORE HEARINGS, BUT IT IS NOT ALLOWED, NOR DOES IT SEEK TO, GIVE FINANCIAL SUPPORT TO INDIVIDUAL CANDIDATES' ELECTION CAMPAIGNS. ******************************************** Document 2687 PROFESSIONAL DIRECTIVES OF THE 6TH FIVE YEAR PLAN FOR LIBRARIANSHIP. AN EXTRACT FROM A HUNGARIAN MINISTRY OF CULTURE DOCUMENT WHICH LAYS DOWN THE EDUCATIONAL TASKS FOR THE 6TH 5 YEAR PLAN. LIBRARIANS MUST AIM FOR 3 OBJECTIVES' TO DEVELOP INFORMATION ACTIVITY IN THE FIELD OF SPECIAL LITERATURE; TO EXTEND THE CIRCLE OF LIBRARY USERS (PARTICULARLY YOUNG READERS); AND TO IMPROVE COOPERATION BY DEVELOPING SCHOOL LIBRARIES AND THE QUALITY OF THEIR SERVICES. THE DIRECTIVE CONSIDERS IN DETAIL THE PROBLEMS OF CENTRALISED LIBRARY SERVICES, THE ASSISTANCE PROVIDED FOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AND THE SPECIAL TASKS OF LIBRARIES ACCORDING TO THEIR FUNCTION. ******************************************** Document 2688 EXCERPTS FROM NEW YORK STATE EDUCATION LAW, RULES OF THE BOARD OF REGENTS, AND REGULATIONS OF THE COMMISSIONER OF EDUCATION PERTAINING TO PUBLIC AND FREE ASSOCIATION LIBRARIES, LIBRARY SYSTEMS, TRUSTEES AND LIBRARIANS. THIS COLLECTION OF EXCERPTS CONTAINS NEW YORK STATE EDUCATIONAL LEGISLATION, BOARD OF REGENTS REGULATIONS, AND THE COMMISSIONER OF EDUCATION'S RULES RELATED TO PUBLIC LIBRARIES, LIBRARY NETWORKS, BOARDS OF TRUSTEES, AND LIBRARY PROFESSIONALS. IT INCLUDES ALL PERTINENT CHANGES IN EDUCATIONAL LAW ENACTED THROUGH THE OCTOBER 1979 LEGISLATIVE SESSION AND CHANGES OF REGENTS RULES AND COMMISSIONER'S REGULATIONS THROUGH THE REGENTS MEETING IN NOVEMBER 1979. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2689 BEFORE A NEW LIBRARY LAW' THE SERVICE LEVEL MUST BE PRESERVED, BUT THE RATE OF INCREASE LOWERED. INTERVIEW WITH LASSE BUDTZ, CHAIRMAN OF THE DANISH FOLKETING'S CULTURAL COMMITTEE AND THE SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC PARTY SPOKESMAN ON LIBRARY AFFAIRS. THE PROPOSAL FOR A NEW LIBRARY LAW WILL BE PRESENTED TO PARLIAMENT IN THE BEGINNING OF THE SESSION 1981-82, AND IT IS HOPED TO GET BROAD PARTY SUPPORT FOR IT. THE PROPOSAL SUGGESTS, NOT A JOINT DIRECTORATE, BUT LIBRARY MANAGEMENT WITH AN ADMINISTRATIVE LEADER RESPONSIBLE FOR TASKS COMMON TO PUBLIC AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES AND INTERLENDING SERVICES. WOULD PREFER SCHOOL LIBRARIES TO BELONG UNDER THE EDUCATION MINISTRY, BUT THEY SHOULD CATER FOR LEISURE READING AS WELL AS PROVIDING EDUCATIONAL RESOURCE MATERIAL. LIBRARIANS SHOULD BE LEFT TO FULFIL THE OBLIGATION OF COMPREHENSIVENESS IN BOOK SELECTION, AND LOCAL POLITICIANS SHOULD NOT EXERCISE ANY FORM OF CENSORSHIP PRIOR TO SELECTION. STANDS FIRM ON THE PRINCIPLE OF NO CHARGE FOR ANY LIBRARY SERVICES. LIBRAR IES CANNOT BE IMMUNE FROM CUTS AND THE SAVINGS CIRCULAR WAS AN ATTEMPT TO RETAIN THE LEVEL OF SERVICES WHILE LOWERING THE RATE OF INCREASE. ******************************************** Document 2690 A NEW CANADIAN FEDERAL LAW ON ARCHIVES. CONSIDERS THE PRESENT SITUATION RELATING TO CANADIAN ARCHIVES AND DISCUSSES THE KIND OF LEGISLATION REQUIRED TO ENSURE EFFICIENT AND EFFECTIVE ARCHIVE OPERATION, PRIOR TO THE PRESENTATION OF THE NEW LAW. SURVEYS BRIEFLY THE RECENT SOCIAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES AFFECTING ARCHIVES, AND SUMMARISES TO DATE THE ACTIVITIES OF THE GOVERNMENT COMMITTEE RESPONSIBLE FOR PREPARING THE LAW. EXAMINES THE DEBATE ON LEGISLATIVE REQUIREMENTS FOR GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS, AND PUBLIC AND NATIONAL ARCHIVES, AND ANALYSES THE DIFFICULTIES OF DEFINING ARCHIVAL DOCUMENTS, THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT ARCHIVES, AND THE FUNCTIONS OF ARCHIVES IN GENERAL. IN CONCLUSION, EMPHASISES AS LEGISLATIVE PRIORITIES THE NEED TO SAFEGUARD GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS, AND EQUALLY TO FACILITATE ACCESS FOR RESEARCHERS, BY RESTRUCTURING THE ARCHIVE SYSTEM SO THAT IT CAN ADAPT TO MODERN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY. ******************************************** Document 2691 BRITISH AND SCANDINAVIAN LAWS ON AUDIO-VISUAL MATERIAL IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES. A STUDY OF PUBLIC LIBRARY LEGISLATION IN UK, DENMARK, FINLAND AND NORWAY. A COMMON FEATURE OF THE LEGISLATION IS THE DUTY OF LIBRARIES TO PROVIDE AUDIO-VISUAL MATERIAL IN THEIR COLLECTIONS. ******************************************** Document 2692 RESOURCE NOTEBOOK ON ORGANIZATION. FOCUSES ON IMPROVEMENT OF LIBRARY ORGANISATION. THE INTRODUCTION PROVIDES BACKGROUND AND A REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL METHODS. THE FIRST SECTION PROVIDES EXAMPLES OF DATA GATHERING TOOLS AND APPROACHES TO GATHERING INFORMATION. THE SECOND GROUP OF DOCUMENTS ILLUSTRATES METHODS OF DESCRIBING AND ANALYSING LIBRARY ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURES AND RELATIONSHIPS, AND THE FINAL SECTION CONTAINS EXAMPLES OF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CHANGE AND IMPROVEMENT WHICH HAVE BEEN MADE BY LIBRARIES. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2693 OMS ANNUAL REPORT, 1979. 1979 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE ASSOCIATION OF RESEARCH LIBRARIES, OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2694 HEIGHTENING THE SCIENTIFIC POTENTIAL. HEIGHTENING LIBRARY EFFECTIVENESS MEANS IMPROVING THE WORK OF METHODOLOGICAL CENTRES, (MCS). LIBRARY CENTRALISATION, 1974-80, WAS THE GREAT ACHIEVEMENT OF MCS AND CULTURAL AGENCIES. IN THE 11TH 5-YEAR-PLAN MCS MUST IMPROVE CENTRALISED LIBRARY SYSTEMS AS A UNIFIED INSTITUTION WHOSE STOCKS CAN FULFIL ENHANCED PUBLIC DEMAND. IMPROVEMENTS ARE NECESSARY IN' LIBRARIANS' AND READERS' BIBLIOGRAPHIC TRAINING; REFERENCE STOCK; FORMATION OF BOOKSTOCKS; DISTRIBUTION OF METHODOLOGICAL PUBLICATIONS; MC COORDINATION. TO ASSIST SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL PROGRESS A SYSTEM OF METHODOLOGICAL AID TO USSR LIBRARIES IS NEEDED. A DOCUMENT WILL SHORTLY APPEAR CONCERNING PROGRESSIVE METHODS OF WORK IN LIBRARIES AND MCS. COORDINATION OF MCS IN THE USSR LIBRARY SYSTEM AIMS FOR BETTER RESULTS IN METHODOLOGICAL GUIDANCE FOR LIBRARIES. ******************************************** Document 2695 CONGRESS AND THE PUBLIC LIBRARY' LEGISLATIVE PROPOSALS AND ACTION FOR FEDERAL ASSISTANCE 1938 TO 1956. (PHD THESIS-CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY.) EXAMINES THE ACTIONS OF THE US CONGRESS, 1938-56 WITH RESPECT TO LEGISLATION SPECIFICALLY ALLOCATING FEDERAL FUNDS FOR THE EXTENSION AND IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICES, LEADING TO THE LIBRARY SERVICES ACT, 1956. INCLUDES HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND REASONS FOR THE PASSAGE AND FAILURE OF SUCH LEGISLATION. ******************************************** Document 2696 INTERIM REPORT WITH MAJOR CONSEQUENCES FOR LIBRARIES. THE LATEST INTERIM REPORT FROM THE NORWEGIAN JUEL COMMITTEE ON LOCAL GOVERNMENT REFORM, 2NEW FINANCE SYSTEM FOR COUNTY AUTHORITIES1, COULD SERIOUSLY AFFECT PUBLIC LIBRARIES. IF ITS PROPOSALS ARE IMPLEMENTED, FINANCIAL ARRANGEMENTS BETWEEN STATE, COUNTY AND MUNICIPAL AUTHORITIES WILL BE ABOLISHED, AND STATE SUBSIDIES GIVEN ONLY WHERE ABSOLUTELY ESSENTIAL. STATE SUPPORT OF LIBRARIES AND CULTURAL ACTIVITIES IS CONSIDERED NEITHER DESIRABLE NOR NECESSARY. THE STATE LIBRARY OFFICE, IN REPLY, CONSIDERS THE PRESENT STATE GRANTS VITAL IN OPERATING A SATISFACTORY LIBRARY SERVICE ACCORDING TO THE LIBRARY ACT. LOCAL AUTHORITIES ARE NOT LEGALLY OBLIGED TO ADMINISTER COUNTY LIBRARIES; WITHOUT STATE SUPPORT, LIBRARIES MIGHT RECEIVE ONLY MINIMAL SUMS, LEADING AT WORST TO THE CLOSURE OF COUNTY LIBRARY SERVICES IN SOME COUNTIES. SINCE PUBLIC AND MOBILE LIBRARIES ARE NOWADAYS CLOSELY LINKED TO COUNTY LIBRARIES, THIS WOULD SERIOUSLY DAMAGE THE PROVISION OF AN ADEQUATE NATIONAL LIBRARY SERVICE. ******************************************** Document 2697 WILL THE STATE TAKE THE FINANCIAL BACKBONE OUT OF THE LIBRARY ACT?. STATE GRANTS TO THE VEST-AGDER (NORWAY) COUNTY LIBRARY AMOUNTED IN 1980 TO 35% OF ITS BUDGET. RECENT PROPOSALS BY THE JUEL COMMITTEE ON LOCAL GOVERNMENT REFORM WOULD MEAN THE WITHDRAWAL OF STATE SUPPORT. IF RESPONSIBILITY FOR LIBRARY SERVICE DEVOLVES ENTIRELY ON LOCAL AUTHORITIES, THE NORWEGIAN PUBLIC LIBRARY SYSTEM WILL BE THREATENED BY DISINTEGRATION, WITH NATIONAL LIBRARY DUTIES CONCENTRATED IN A FEW STATE-OWNED SPECIAL LIBRARIES. SINCE EVEN THE REVISED LIBRARY ACT OF 1971 DID NOT OBLIGE COUNTIES TO OPERATE A LIBRARY SERVICE, THE SYSTEM HAS BEEN ESTABLISHED AND DEVELOPED LARGELY THROUGH THE INFLUENCE AND SUPPORT OF CENTRAL AUTHORITY. THE BASIS FOR THE 1971 ACT WAS THE LONG-STANDING REGIONAL IMBALANCE IN SCHOOL LIBRARY AND PUBLIC LIBRARY STANDARDS. UNDER THE NEW PROPOSALS, LIBRARIES IN THE MOST DEPRIVED AREAS WOULD BE IN MOST DANGER, AND CULTURAL ACTIVITY AS A WHOLE WOULD BE VULNERABLE TO POLITICAL MOTIVATION. ******************************************** Document 2698 METROPOLITAN PUBLIC LIBRARY FUNDING AND INTERGOVERNMENTAL FISCAL RELATIONS' CONCEPTS AND ISSUES. COMPETITION AMONG THE MANY PUBLIC SERVICES FOR TAX SUPPORTED FUNDING IS A MAJOR CONCERN FOR METROPOLITAN PUBLIC LIBRARIES SEEKING FINANCIAL SUPPORT. PROBLEMS IN LIBRARY FINANCING ARE INTERWOVEN THROUGH THE FABRIC OF ISSUES FUNDAMENTAL TO U.S. ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL LIFE AND CANNOT BE SOLVED WITHOUT UNDERSTANDING THEIR COMPLEXITIES. THE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC GROWTH PATTERNS OF METROPOLITAN AREAS AS OPPOSED TO THEIR ACTUAL LEGAL TAX RAISING BOUNDARIES ARE A CRITICAL FACTOR. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2699 FACING THE PUBLIC. BRIEFLY DESCRIBES THE EFFECT THAT INCREASED US FEDERAL FUNDINGS FOR PUBLIC LIBRARIES WOULD HAVE ON THE ROLE OF THE LIBRARY BOARDS AND ARGUES THAT TRUSTEES MUST FIGHT HARDER TO GET MONEY FOR LIBRARIES FROM CITY COUNCILS. ******************************************** Document 2700 FROM THE STATE LIBRARIAN. DISCUSSES THE BUDGET CUTS INFLICTED ON THE WESTERN AUSTRALIA LIBRARY BOARD IN THE 1980-81 FINANCIAL YEAR, PARTICULARLY THE 10.24% CUT IN THE BOOK FUND. STRESSES THE IMPORTANCE OF LIBRARIES IN MODERN AUSTRALIAN SOCIETY AND REGRETS THAT GREATER USE OF LIBRARIES AND SUCH SEVERE CUTS HAVE COINCIDED. ******************************************** Document 2701 A SURVEY OF BUSINESS MANAGERS AND LIBRARY DIRECTORS TO IDENTIFY THE VARIABLES AFFECTING THE FINAL DECISION ON LIBRARY BUDGETS IN INSTITUTIONS AWARDING AT LEAST THE BACCALAUREATE, BUT LESS THAN THE DOCTORATE DEGREE. (PHD THESIS-FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY.) 75 INSTITUTIONS, 5.3% WERE RANDOMLY SELECTED FROM A 1,412 POPULATION AND SURVEYED IN MAR 78. A TOTAL OF 125 (83.3%) QUESTIONNAIRES WERE RETURNED FROM 150 MAILED TO BUSINESS MANAGERS AND LIBRARY DIRECTORS OF SAMPLE INSTITUTIONS. A QUESTIONNAIRE WAS RETURNED BY EITHER THE BUSINESS MANAGER, LIBRARY DIRECTOR OR BOTH FROM 73 OF THE 75 SAMPLE INSTITUTIONS GIVING AN INSTITUTIONAL RESPONSE OF 97.3%. 49 BUDGETING VARIABLES WERE IDENTIFIED BY LIBRARY DIRECTORS AND 45 BY BUSINESS MANAGERS WITH 38 COMMON VARIABLES. BY COMBINING THE WEIGHTED PERCENTAGE OF EACH VARIABLE, THE OVERALL TOP 10 BUDGETING VARIABLES WERE FOUND. A SURVEY OF THE LITERATURE ON LIBRARIANSHIP AND HIGHER EDUCATION, AN ANALYSIS OF THE LITERATURE VARIABLES AND THOSE IDENTIFIED BY TH E SAMPLE RESPONDENTS, REVEALED THAT THE VARIABLES CHOSEN BY RESPONDENTS ARE REFLECTED IN THE LITERATURE. ******************************************** Document 2702 THE NEXT DECADE: WHAT WILL IT MEAN TO LIBRARIES? FACSIMILE: THE LONG DISTANCE COPYING MACHINE. OUTLINES THE FEATURES AND CAPABILITIES OF FACSIMILE TRANSMISSION EQUIPMENT AND IDENTIFIES SOME DEVELOPMENTS NEEDED TO MAKE THE EQUIPMENT'S USE ECONOMIC IN LIBRARIES (FLAT-BED MACHINES WITH STAFF-SAVING DEVICES, CONSIDERABLE DROP IN PRICE, AND BASING OF COMMUNICATION COSTS ON USE RATHER THAN DISTANCE). ******************************************** Document 2703 INTEGRATING MICROGRAPHICS WITH WORD PROCESSING. IN 1974, THE CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE (CRS) INSTALLED A WORD PROCESSING (WP) SYSTEM TO MEET EXPANDING CONGRESSIONAL NEEDS. THE WP SYSTEM INCREASED OUTPUT, STRAINING THE ABILITY OF CRS TO HANDLE ITS STORAGE NEEDS. PAPER WAS USED FOR QUICK DISTRIBUTION OF EYE-READABLE MATERIALS, MAGNETIC TAPE FOR QUICK RETRIEVAL OF MACHINE-READABLE STORAGE, AND MICROFORM FOR LONG-TERM STORAGE. MAINTAINING COMPATIBILITY AMONG THE 3 STORAGE SYSTEMS BECAME A FORMIDABLE TASK, AND THE SOLUTION SEEMED TO BE TO INTEGRATE STORAGE TO 1 MEDIUM. MICROFORMS OFFERED THE MOST EFFECTIVE METHOD OF MEETING THE TOTAL STORAGE REQUIREMENTS. ******************************************** Document 2704 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY-PROBLEMS AND OPPORTUNITIES. ANALYSES THE INFORMATION SITUATIONS WHERE NEW TECHNOLOGY CAN USEFULLY BE EMPLOYED AND DISCUSSES THE LEARNING WHICH IS NECESSARY TO AVOID POSSIBLE PROBLEMS IN HARNESSING THIS CHEAPER POWER. DESCRIBES SOME DIFFICULTIES ASSOCIATED WITH THE INTRODUCTION OF COMPUTING TECHNOLOGY GENERALLY AND DISCUSSES THE PROBLEMS LIKELY TO BE ENCOUNTERED WITH LOW COST EQUIPMENT. PRESENTS THE COST OF CUSTOM MADE SOFTWARE AND THE EXPERTISE NECESSARY TO CREATE PERSONAL PROGRAMS. ALSO GIVES DETAILS OF PITFALLS WHICH THE NEW USER USUALLY FAILS TO APPRECIATE, INCLUDING THE IMPORTANCE OF PROPER HOUSEKEEPING ROUTINES, DOCUMENTATION AND SECURITY OF DATA. ******************************************** Document 2705 MINIS, MICROS AND TERMINALS FOR LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION SERVICES' PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONFERENCE ORGANIZED JOINTLY BY THE INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION SCIENTISTS AND THE INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SPECIALIST GROUP OF THE BRITISH COMPUTER SOCIETY, HELD AT THE NATIONAL COMPUTING CENTRE, MANCHESTER, 6-7 NOVEMBER 1980. PROCEEDINGS OF A CONFERENCE ORGANISED TO ASSIST LIBRARIANS AND INFORMATION SCIENTISTS IN THEIR CHOICE OF APPROPRIATE COMPUTER EQUIPMENT. FOR ABSTRACTS OF THE INDIVIDUAL PAPERS SEE THE FOLLOWING SERIAL NUMBERS'-. ******************************************** Document 2706 OF MEN AND MACHINES. DISCUSSES THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPUTER AND ITS APPLICATION TO LIBRARIES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO INDIA. CONCLUDES THAT BEFORE COMPUTERS ARE INSTALLED IN LIBRARIES, FEASIBILITY STUDIES AND SURVEYS SHOULD BE CONDUCTED TO FIND OUT THE ENVIRONMENTAL, CULTURAL AND ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL ASPECTS. REVEALS THAT OTHER ASPECTS OF MECHANISATION HAVE A GREATER IMPACT THAN COMPUTERISATION ALONE. ******************************************** Document 2707 LIBRARIES AND COMPUTERS. THE DEBATE ON COMPUTERS IN LIBRARIES CENTRES AROUND 2 QUESTIONS' WHETHER COMPUTERS ON THE WHOLE ARE OF BENEFIT TO USERS, AND WHETHER THE BUMS SYSTEM IN PARTICULAR IS OF VALUE. INTRODUCTION OF COMPUTERS MEANS THAT LIBRARY STAFF BECOME DEPENDENT ON EXPERTS. AS PROCESSES BECOME AUTOMATED THEY ALSO BECOME DEHUMANISED, AND READERS USE MACHINES DIRECTLY WITH MINIMAL HELP FROM STAFF. SOME SKILLS ARE LOST AND REPLACED WITH ROUTINES. AS FOR THE BUMS SYSTEM, SOME ROUTINES HAVE MERELY REPLACED OTHERS. A TRADITIONAL CARD CATALOGUE IS EASIER TO USE THAN THE BUMS CATALOGUE, ALTHOUGH THE LATTER MAKES SURVEY OF THE LIBRARY'S TOTAL STOCK POSSIBLE. BUT THIS LEADS IN TURN TO INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF REQUESTS WITHIN THE LIBRARY SYSTEM; IT FAVOURS THE ACTIVE, EXPERIENCED USERS, BUT DISCOURAGES THE INEXPERIENCED AND THE BROWSERS. THE COST OF GATHERING OF STATISTICS THROUGH THROUGH BUMS AND TRAINING OF STAFF IN DATA TECHNOLOGY MUST BE SET AGAINST OTHER POSSIBLE USES OF THE RESOURCES. ******************************************** Document 2708 AS AMERICAN AS HAMBURGERS AND APPLE PIE. SUMS UP THE IMPRESSIONS OF AUTOMATION IN US LIBRARIES. MOST LARGER LIBRARY SYSTEMS HAVE NOW AUTOMATED THEIR TECHNICAL PROCESSES, BUT AUTOMATION OF THE MORE COMPLICATED BIBLIOGRAPHIC ROUTINES, SUCH AS LITERATURE SEARCHING WHICH NECESSITATE UNIFORM AND WELL DEVELOPED CATALOGUING, IS NOT WIDESPREAD. THE PROCESS OF AUTOMATION STARTED IN THE 60S SPURRED LARGELY BY THE GENERAL US OPENNESS TOWARDS TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS AND PRESSURE FROM COMMERCIAL FIRMS. THE LACK OF INTERLIBRARY COOPERATION AND OF STANDARDISATION OF WORK ROUTINES IN US PUBLIC LIBRARIES HAS ENCOURAGED THE ADOPTION OF AUTOMATION SYSTEMS TAILOR-MADE TO INDIVIDUAL LIBRARIES. THE GENERAL IMPACT OF AUTOMATION HAS NOT BEEN MUCH STUDIED, BUT THERE WAS AGREEMENT THAT COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY HAD LED TO CENTRALISATION, LESS INDEPENDENCE FOR BRANCHES, BETTER INTERLENDING, AND HAD FREED RESOURCES FOR OTHER SERVICES. ALTHOUGH FEWER STAFF TENDED TO BE EMPLOYED, NONE HAD BEEN DIRECTLY MADE REDUNDANT. NO COST-BENEFIT ANALYSES SEEMED TO HAVE BEEN CARRIED OUT. THE REACTIONS OF USERS, BOTH STAFF AND READERS, WERE LARGELY FAVOURABLE, EXCEPT PERHAPS IN BRANCH PUBLIC LIBRARIES. ******************************************** Document 2709 A SURVEY OF THE STATUS OF ACADEMIC LIBRARY AUTOMATION IN LOUISIANA. A SURVEY ON THE EXTENT OF LIBRARY AUTOMATION IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN LOUISIANA WAS UNDERTAKEN. THE SURVEY MADE INQUIRY INTO SUCH AREAS AS DATA PROCESSING STAFFING, LIBRARY HARDWARE, COMPUTER SERVICE BILLING, FUTURE APPLICATIONS, SHARED PROGRAMMES, FURTHER APPLICATIONS OF AUTOMATION, AUTOMATION BENEFITS, AUTOMATION SUITABILITY, AND INHIBITING FACTORS. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2710 PLANNING FOR NEW INFORMATION SYSTEMS. LOW COST COMPUTING HARDWARE WITH INCREASINGLY SOPHISTICATED SOFTWARE IS PROVIDING OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW, OR THE REVISION OF EXISTING, INFORMATION SYSTEMS. THE PROCEDURES WHICH ARE INVOLVED IN THE PLANNING STAGE OF SUCH SYSTEMS HAVE BEEN INFLUENCED BY THE COSTS INVOLVED AND THE DECISION MAKING IS MORE IN THE HANDS OF THE DEPARTMENT OR UNIT WITHIN AN ORGANISATION THAN IT WAS. A STAGED PROCEDURE WITH A CHECKLIST OF ACTIVITIES, APPROPRIATE DOCUMENTATION AND CONSIDERATIONS TO BE TAKEN AT EACH STAGE IS 1 WAY TO REDUCE THE CHANCES OF ERROR IN THE DECISIONS MADE IN THE PLANNING PROCESS. ******************************************** Document 2711 THE PUBLIC LIBRARY AS PROMOTER OF TECHNO-FASCISM' THE (ANTI-)SOCIAL CONSEQUENCES OF AUTOMATION. MODERN SOCIETY IS DOMINATED BY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. HOWEVER, INSUFFICIENT ATTENTION HAS BEEN PAID TO THE SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF AUTOMATION. THE PROFESSIONAL ORGANISATIONS OF LIBRARIANSHIP IN THE NETHERLANDS HAVE UNDERTAKEN NO STUDIES OF THE SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS ON THEIR MEMBERS' BEHALF APART FROM THE NETHERLANDS BIBLIOTHEEK EN LEKTUUR CENTRUM (DUTCH CENTRE FOR LIBRARIES AND LITERATURE), WHICH IN 1979 FORMED A COMMITTEE TO INVESTIGATE WAYS OF PROTECTING THE PRIVACY OF THE INDIVIDUAL AGAINST THE MISUSE OF PERSONAL INFORMATION IN COMPUTERISED SYSTEMS. HOWEVER, THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE COMMITTEE WERE REJECTED IN 1980 BY NBLC MEMBERS AS TOO RADICAL. AUTOMATION WILL LEAD TO A REDUCTION IN THE NUMBER OF POSTS IN LIBRARIES AT ALL LEVELS AND LIBRARIANS MUST ACT NOW TO PREVENT A FURTHER DETERIORATION IN THE SITUATION. ******************************************** Document 2712 MINICOMPUTERS AND AVAILABLE PACKAGES. DEVELOPMENTS IN THE COMPUTER FIELD IN RECENT YEARS ARE DESCRIBED WITH PARTICULAR EMPHASIS ON THE FACILITIES AVAILABLE FOR THE MECHANISATION OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION TASKS. WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF MINICOMPUTERS A NEW ERA OPENED UP FOR INFORMATION WORKERS BUT A MAJOR PROBLEM HAD TO BE OVERCOME, NAMELY THE LACK OF SUITABLE SOFTWARE TO PROVIDE THOSE FACILITIES. FOLLOWING THE INTRODUCTION OF IBM'S STAIRS PROGRAM FOR INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL ON A LARGE MAINFRAME COMPUTER, SIMILAR PROGRAMS SOON BECAME AVAILABLE FOR USE ON THE RANGE OF MINICOMPUTERS WHICH HAD STARTED TO PENETRATE THE MARKET. MANY WERE SPECIALLY COMMISSIONED FOR LIBRARY AND INFORMATION USE; DISCUSSES CAIRS AND STATUS. A MAJOR BREAKTHROUGH CAME WITH THE INTRODUCTION OF WORD PROCESSORS, PARTICULARLY THE PROGRAMMABLE SHARED LOGIC SYSTEMS. MANUFACTURERS STARTED TO PRODUCE SPECIFIC SOFTWARE PACKAGES, INCLUDING INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL PROGRAMS, FOR THIS TYPE OF EQUIPMENT. EXAMPLES OF RELEVANT HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE AND VARIOUS APPLICATIONS ARE GIVEN. ******************************************** Document 2713 INTELLIGENT TERMINALS FOR LIBRARY AND INFORMATION WORK. DISCUSSES THE NATURE OF INTELLIGENT TERMINALS, THEIR USEFUL FACILITIES, AND THEIR POSSIBLE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT, WITH SPECIAL REGARD TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE LIBRARY AND INFORMATION COMMUNITY. SECTION 1 DEALS WITH THE CURRENT BASIC TERMINAL AND THEN ELABORATES ON THE FACILITIES WHICH MAY BE ADDED TO IMPROVE ITS INTELLIGENCE, SUCH AS INTERNAL MEMORY, ENHANCED DISPLAY, MULTIPLE PERIPHERALS, IMPROVED COMMUNICATIONS ABILITY, SOPHISTICATED CONTROL FACILITIES, AND PROGRAMMABILITY. THE FACILITIES ARE DESCRIBED AND SOME IDEA OF THEIR UTILITY IS GIVEN. THE USES OF THE TERMINAL ARE DISCUSSED IN AREAS SUCH AS INFORMATION RETRIEVAL, CATALOGUING, TRAINING, DATA ENTRY, AND LIBRARY HOUSEKEEPING. USEFUL FACILITIES OF AN INTELLIGENT TERMINAL ARE OUTLINED AND EXAMPLES GIVEN. THE FUTURE IS CONSIDERED UNDER THE HEADINGS OF HARDWARE, SOFTWARE, AND NETWORKING DEVELOPMENT. HERE PROJECTIONS ARE MADE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TERMINALS AND THEIR USE FOR THE NEXT FEW YEARS. ******************************************** Document 2714 TOWARD A WORK-FORCE ANALYSIS OF THE SCHOOL LIBRARY MEDIA PROFESSIONAL. A STUDY OF THE SALARY AND DEMOGRAPHICS OF THE SCHOOL LIBRARY MEDIA SPECIALIST. ******************************************** Document 2715 STAFF DEVELOPMENT AND CONTINUING EDUCATION IN THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY SETTING. THE NEXT DECADE WILL BE CRUCIAL IN DETERMINING THE SUCCESS OF ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN COPING WITH FUTURE DEMANDS AND CONSTRAINTS. ONE MAJOR ELEMENT IN THIS EFFORT IS DEVELOPING AND EDUCATING EXISTING LIBRARY STAFF. RESULTS OF A SURVEY CARRIED OUT IN 1979 TO FIND OUT HOW UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES RESPONDED TO STAFF DEVELOPMENT, ARE COMPARED TO THOSE OF A 1976 SURVEY. MAJOR SUBJECT AREAS COVERED IN STAFF DEVELOPMENT IN THE 1970S AS WELL AS FUTURE TOPICS ARE IDENTIFIED. STAFF DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES IN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES STILL NEED FURTHER GROWTH IN ORDER TO ASSIST LIBRARIANS IN MEETING THE DEMANDS OF THE 1980S. ******************************************** Document 2716 UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES TASK FORCE TO STUDY THE ISSUE OF RELEASE TIME. A REPORT TO THE LIBRARY FACULTY EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. BASED ON THE RESPONSES OF 40 LIBRARY FACULTY MEMBERS TO A QUESTIONNAIRE EXPLORING THE AREA OF PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES, 7 POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS ON RELEASE TIME FOR PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH WERE DEVELOPED BY A TASK FORCE. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2717 TIME MANAGEMENT FOR LIBRARY STAFF. WITH PRESSURES AND WORK LOADS INCREASING FOR LIBRARY STAFF AT ALL RANKS, WAYS MUST BE FOUND TO MAXIMISE USE OF TIME. SUGGESTIONS ARE GIVEN FOR BOTH SUPERVISORS AND OTHER LIBRARY STAFF FOR SETTING PRIORITIES, COPING WITH STRESS, AND ANALYSING TIME-RELATED ISSUES. A NUMBER OF SPECIFIC TECHNIQUES FOR OPTIMISING WORK TIME ARE LISTED. ******************************************** Document 2718 RATIOS OF STAFF TO USERS. IMPLICATIONS FOR LIBRARY-INFORMATION WORK AND THE POTENTIAL FOR AUTOMATION. A STUDY OF THE UK SPECIAL LIBRARY/INFORMATION FIELD. COVERAGE INCLUDES' STAFF-USER RATIOS; STAFF AND USER POPULATION STRUCTURES; QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE ADEQUACY OF CURRENT STAFFING; TRAFFIC ANALYSIS; AND AUTOMATION POTENTIAL. DATA WAS COLLECTED BY QUESTIONNAIRE IN LATE OCT 79. ******************************************** Document 2719 JOB-SHARING IN AN ACADEMIC LIBRARY. DESCRIBES THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONCEPT OF JOB SHARING, AND DISCUSSES THE EXPERIENCES OF 2 LIBRARIANS SHARING A PROFESSIONAL POST IN AN AUSTRALIAN ACADEMIC LIBRARY. REVIEWS THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF JOB SHARING FROM THE VIEWPOINTS OF BOTH SHARERS AND EMPLOYERS. ******************************************** Document 2720 APPLICATION OF SOCIOLOGY, PSYCHOLOGY AND PEDAGOGY TO LIBRARIANSHIP. THE 1ST AND FOREMOST TASK OF LIBRARIANS IN BULGARIA IS TO EDUCATE THEIR READERS AND TO EXERCISE INFLUENCE ON THEIR READING HABITS. TO BE CAPABLE OF PERFORMING THE JOB SUCCESSFULLY, LIBRARIANS MUST ACQUIRE A WORKING KNOWLEDGE OF SOCIOLOGY, PSYCHOLOGY AND PEDAGOGY. THUS, THEY WILL NOT ONLY SEE EACH READER AS AN INDIVIDUAL WITH HIS/HER OWN FAMILY AND EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND, PERSONAL QUALITIES, AND PROFESSIONAL REQUIREMENTS, BUT THEY WILL ALSO BE ABLE TO MAKE THE BEST OF A LEADER'S AUTHORITY IN A GROUP. EDUCATION OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS HAS BENEFITTED FROM COLLABORATION BETWEEN TEACHERS AND LIBRARIANS AND THE EXPERIENCE GAINED MUST NOW BE USED MORE FULLY IN ADULT EDUCATION. ON THE OTHER HAND, SOCIOLOGY, PSYCHOLOGY AND PEDAGOGY MUST BE APPLIED TO SET CRITERIA FOR THE PERSONALITY OF A GOOD LIBRARIAN, LIBRARY MANAGEMENT AND THE METHODOLOGICAL GUIDANCE OF THE RANK AND FILE LIBRARY STAFF. ******************************************** Document 2721 LIBRARIANSHIP AND INFORMATION WORK' JOB CHARACTERISTICS AND STAFFING NEEDS. RESULTS OF THE ADMINISTRATION OF A JOB-DESCRIPTION QUESTIONNAIRE TO MEMBERS OF STAFF IN A REPRESENTATIVE 5% SAMPLE OF LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION UNITS ARE REPORTED. THE FORM OF JOB DESCRIPTION, COVERING THE INTELLECTUAL, SOCIAL, AND PHYSICAL DEMANDS OF THE WORK AND WORK ENVIRONMENT, ENABLES THE PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE JOBS TO BE INFERRED FAIRLY DIRECTLY. AN ASSESSMENT IS MADE OF THE DEGREE TO WHICH EXISTING PERSONNEL MEET THE DEMANDS OF THEIR JOBS. THE WAY IN WHICH LIBRARY AND INFORMATION WORK IS CHANGING, AND THE ROLES OF MEN AND WOMEN; AND OF GRADUATES ARE DISCUSSED. A JOB CLASSIFICATION BASED ON CLUSTER ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES IS ALSO ATTEMPTED. ******************************************** Document 2722 THE SPECIAL GROUPS AND THE ANNUAL MEETING 1981. GIVES THE ANNUAL REPORTS FOR 1980-81 OF THE FOLLOWING SPECIAL GROUPS OF THE LIBRARIANS' UNION' THE ART GROUP, THE GROUP FOR LIBRARY LEADERS, THE GROUP FOR OUTREACH LIBRARY SERVICES, THE GROUP FOR BRANCH AND MOBILE LIBRARY WORK, AND THE GROUP OF MUSIC LIBRARIANS. ******************************************** Document 2723 THE LIBRARIANS' UNION'S GENERAL MEETING 1981. CONTAINS THE DISCUSSION FOLLOWING THE ANNUAL REPORT TO THE GENERAL MEETING OF THE LIBRARIANS' UNION HELD IN OCT 81. THE FOLLOWING SUBJECTS WERE DISCUSSED' SALARY NEGOTIATIONS, UNEMPLOYMENT, THE LIBRARY BILL, EDUCATION, TRADE UNION CLUBS, APPOINTMENT OF A FULL-TIME SALARIED CHAIRMAN, AND THE PROPOSAL TO APPOINT A COMMITTEE TO EXAMINE THE ROLE AND PLACE OF LIBRARY LEADERS IN THE UNION. ******************************************** Document 2724 THE LIBRARIANS' UNION'S GENERAL MEETING 1981. INCLUDES THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE'S ORAL REPORT, WHICH DEALT WITH THE LIBRARY BILL; PART-TIME LIBRARIANS; AUTOMATION IN RESEARCH LIBRARIES AND PUBLIC LIBRARIES; LEAVE FOR TRADE UNION WORK; THE ROLE OF LIBRARY LEADERS, THE GENERAL MEETING AND LOCAL UNION CLUBS WITHIN THE UNION; AND THE CAPACITY OF THE LIBRARY SCHOOLS. SUMMARISES THE DEBATE ON INSURANCE FORMS IN CONNECTION WITH UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFIT, TO WHICH THE UNION OBJECTS, AND THE DEBATE ON PROPOSED CHANGES TO THE CONSTITUTION. INCLUDES ALSO THE GENERAL MEETING OF THE GROUP OF STATE EMPLOYED LIBRARIANS 1981' THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE'S ORAL REPORT, DEBATE AND RESOLUTIONS. ******************************************** Document 2725 NORTH YORKSHIRE COUNTY LIBRARY' THE ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE COUNTY LIBRARY-NOTES FOR THE GUIDANCE OF PROFESSIONAL STAFF. SECTION A DESCRIBES THE ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE OF NORTH YORKSHIRE COUNTY LIBRARY IN TERMS OF THE FUNCTIONS OF THE SERVICE, ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES AND FORMALISED GROUPS. SECTION B PROVIDES GUIDELINES FOR STAFF IN THE TEAM MANAGEMENT ORGANISATION. ******************************************** Document 2726 THE ASSISTANT TO THE ACADEMIC LIBRARY DIRECTOR' A PROFILE. THE ACCOMPLISHMENTS AND ADVANTAGES AS WELL AS LIMITATIONS AND OBSTACLES OF THE ASSISTANT TO THE LIBRARY DIRECTOR POSITION AT VARIOUS ACADEMIC LIBRARIES ARE IDENTIFIED. PERCEPTIONS OF THE POSITION BY THE LIBRARY DIRECTOR, OTHER LIBRARY ADMINISTRATORS, AND LIBRARY STAFF ARE CITED. ******************************************** Document 2727 WOMEN VIEW LIBRARIANSHIP-NINE PERSPECTIVES. PRESENTS A SERIES OF INTERVIEWS WITH WOMEN WHO ARE SUCCESSFUL IN UNIVERSITY ADMINISTRATION, EITHER AS HEADS OF LARGE RESEARCH LIBRARIES OR AS DIRECTORS OF LIBRARY SCHOOLS. DISCUSSES PROGRAMMES EITHER DEVELOPED BY OR OF SPECIAL INTEREST TO THESE LIBRARIANS AND SOME OF THE FACTORS WHICH HAVE INFLUENCED THE CAREERS OF EACH INDIVIDUAL. CONCENTRATES PARTICULARLY ON THE ADVANTAGES FOUND AND PROBLEMS FACED BY THESE WOMEN IN THEIR PROFESSIONAL ADVANCEMENT AND IN ACADEMIC ADMINISTRATION. ******************************************** Document 2728 A NORTH AMERICAN MODEL' TORONTO CITY LIBRARY. OPENED IN 1977, THIS LIBRARY, A CENTRAL LIBRARY IN A SYSTEM WITH 12 BRANCH LIBRARIES, IS A FINELY DESIGNED MODERN BUILDING STOCKING OVER 2 MILLION VOLUMES. THE GROUND FLOOR CONTAINS THE GENERAL REFERENCE DEPARTMENT, INCLUDING QUICK REFERENCE AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC SERVICES, AND SPECIAL SERVICES INCLUDING CHAIR LIFTS AND READING EQUIPMENT FOR THE HANDICAPPED, MUSIC STUDIOS CONTAINING PIANOS AND MEDIA FOR LISTENING TO MUSIC, STUDY CARRELS FOR LANGUAGE COURSES AND MICROFILM READERS, ROOMS FOR MEETINGS AND A CAFETERIA. THE 12 SUBJECT DEPARTMENTS ARE ARRANGED IN 4 GALLERIES ABOVE THE GROUND FLOOR. THEIR STOCKS INCLUDE REFERENCE AND LENDING MATERIAL; REFERENCE AND ADVISORY SERVIES OF AN OUTSTANDINGLY HIGH QUALITY ARE PROVIDED. THERE IS A SPECIAL COLLECTION OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE PERIODICALS DATING FROM THE 18TH CENTURY. ******************************************** Document 2729 BOUCHERVILLE PUBLIC LIBRARY, QUEBEC. DESCRIBES THE DEVELOPMENT OF BOUCHERVILLE PUBLIC LIBRARY, QUEBEC PROVINCE, FROM ITS INCEPTION IN 1962, UP TO REHOUSING IN A NEW BUILDING IN 1981 TO ACCOMMODATE EXPANDED SERVICES TO MEET INCREASED DEMAND. FULL DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF PLANNING AND FINANCE. ALLOCATION OF SPACE IS DESCRIBED, AND REMOVAL OPERATIONS OUTLINED. AN ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT ON SERVICES AFTER AN INITIAL 10 WEEKS IS PRESENTED, WITH REFERENCE TO PLANS STILL TO BE IMPLEMENTED. ******************************************** Document 2730 THE SPINE OR THE HEART' THE UNIVERSITY OF JOS IN SEARCH OF A LIBRARY BUILDING MODEL. THE UNIVERSITY OF JOS, NIGERIA, RECENTLY CONSIDERED THE SPINE LIBRARY BUILDING CONCEPT (ALSO CALLED LINEAR LIBRARY OR CONTINUUM) ABOUT WHICH LITTLE IS KNOWN. PRESENTS REASONS WHY THIS DESIGN WAS NOT ADOPTED. ******************************************** Document 2731 JUST LIKE HOME AND CHEAPER THAN THE CAFE. REPORT ON KARUP LIBRARY, WITH AN INTERVIEW WITH THE LIBRARIAN, BIRTE ELLERMANN. THE LIBRARY IS HOUSED IN A CONVERTED RAILWAY STATION. THE LACK OF SPACE AND THE RETENTION OF THE OLD INNER WALLS CONTRIBUTE TO THE INTIMATE AND FRIENDLY ATMOSPHERE. 75% OF THE POPULATION USE IT, COMPARED TO 30% BEFORE CONVERSION. THE YOUNG PEOPLE'S ROOM ON THE 1ST FLOOR IS A POPULAR MEETING PLACE FOR THE 13-16 YEAR OLDS. B. ELLERMANN, THEN LIBRARIAN AT THE NEARBY KARUP AIRFORCE BASE, WAS ASKED TO DRAW UP A PLAN FOR THE LIBRARY STRUCTURE IN THE AREA. HER DECENTRALISED PLAN OF 3 INDEPENDENT LIBRARIES GAVE HER A DANISH LIBRARY ASSOCIATION PRIZE. LOCAL CRAFTSMEN HAVE EXECUTED HER OWN INTERIOR DESIGN. EXHIBITIONS ARE MADE LOCALLY, AND BOOKS ARE RECEIVED FROM A LOCAL BOOKSELLER AND MADE READY IN THE LIBRARY SO THAT THEY REACH THE SHELVES WHILE STILL TOPICAL. ******************************************** Document 2732 RECENT TRENDS IN WEST GERMAN UNIVERSITY LIBRARY BUILDING PLANNING. REVIEWS WEST GERMAN UNIVERSITY LIBRARY BUILDINGS AND DESCRIBES 5 BUILDINGS COMPLETED SINCE 1973 AT' RUHR UNIVERSITY OF BOCHUM; DORTMUND UNIVERSITY; BIELFELD UNIVERSITY; WESTPHALIAN WILHELMS UNIVERSITY OF MUNSTER; AND BREMEN UNIVERSITY. SOME COMPARISONS AND CONTRASTS ARE MADE BETWEEN THESE BUILDINGS AND OTHERS IN WEST GERMANY BUILT OR RESTORED BETWEEN 1945 AND 1973. ******************************************** Document 2733 COVER PICTURE (WURZBURG UNIVERSITY LIBRARY). A NEW UNIVERSITY LIBRARY FOR WURZBURG WAS OPENED IN JULY 81 IN A NEW BUILDING COMPLEX WHICH ALSO COMPRISES BUILDINGS FOR BOTH ARTS AND SCIENCES. OF THE 400,000 VOLUMES ON OPEN SHELVES, 317,000 ARE IN THE MAIN READING ROOM AND THERE IS SPACE FOR 800,000 ARE IN THE MAIN READING ROOM AND THRE IS SPACE FOR 800,000 VOLUMES OF PERIODICALS. 580 STUDY PLACES ARE DIVIDED BETWEEN 5 READING ROOMS, WITH A FURTHER 71 PLACES IN INDIVIDUAL CARRELS. THE LIBRARY, WHICH ALSO SERVES AS A REGIONAL LIBRARY FOR LOWER FRANCONIA, IS NOT FULLY OPERATIONAL AT PRESENT BECAUSE OF STAFF SHORTAGES. ******************************************** Document 2734 DATELINE-WASHINGTON. AN ACCOUNT OF A TOUR OF THE RENOVATION WORK IN PROGRESS AT THE FOLGER SHAKESPEARE LIBRARY, ACCOMPANIED BY THE LIBRARY'S DIRECTOR, O.B. HARDISON. OPENED IN 1932 AS A GIFT FROM THE INDUSTRIALIST HENRY CLAY FOLGER, THE LIBRARY CONTAINS MATERIAL ON AND ORGANISES ACTIVITIES CONCERNING SHAKESPEAREAN AND ENGLISH RENAISSANCE STUDIES. THE RENOVATIONS INCLUDE THE CONSTRUCTION OF A RARE BOOK STORAGE AREA AND A NEW READING ROOM. ******************************************** Document 2735 SPACE REQUIREMENTS OF UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES. THE COUNCIL FOR SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION PUBLISHED ITS REPORT ON SPACE REQUIREMENTS FOR UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN MAY 81. THE REPORT DEALS WITH 22 UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES. IN THE 70S THE TOTAL ANNUAL GROWTH OF SHELF METRES WAS ABOUT 3%. THE COUNCIL FORECASTS A GROWTH OF ABOUT 4% FOR THE 80S. IT DOES NOT THINK THAT THE DEVELOPMENTS IN MICROFORMS AND COMPUTERISED SERVICES WILL CHANGE THE SITUATION IN THE NEXT 15 TO 20 YEARS. SOME OF THE COUNCIL'S RECOMMENDATIONS ARE' SHELF MEASUREMENT FOR COLLECTIONS SHOULD BE THE FOLLOWING' OPEN SHELVES 6.3 METRES PER SQ METRE; CLOSED ACCESS 8 SHELF METRES PER SQ METRE; STORAGE 9.3 METRES PER SQ METRE; AND STACKS 19 METRES PER SQ METRE. A NATIONAL COOPERATIVE STORAGE LIBRARY SHOULD BE ESTABLISHED. LIBRARIES SHOULD HAVE MORE ENCLOSED READING ROOMS AND RESEARCH ROOMS. ******************************************** Document 2736 REDUCING NOISE IN A COLLEGE LIBRARY. INCREASING REPORTS OF NOISE IN THE LIBRARY OF THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK COLLEGE AT CORTLAND PROMPTED INTEREST IN REDUCING NOISE LEVELS. CHAIRS, TABLES AND CARRELS WERE ADJACENT AND FREQUENTLY ARRANGED IN CLUSTERS; PREVIOUS RESEARCH INDICATED THAT SUCH AN ARRANGEMENT MAY INCREASE TALKING AND THUS NOISE LEVELS. IT WAS HYPOTHESISED THAT DISASSEMBLING THE CLUSTERS AND SEPARATING THE 3 TYPES OF FURNITURE WOULD REDUCE NOISE. A MULTIPLE BASELINE DESIGN WAS USED WITH 2 MEASURES OF NOISE' AN ELECTROMECHANICAL (OBJECTIVE) SYSTEM AND SUBJECTIVE RATINGS OF PERCEIVED NOISE. RESULTS SHOWED NO DIFFERENCE DUE TO THE OBJECTIVE MEASURE BUT SIGNIFICANT REDUCTIONS IN SUBJECTIVE RATINGS, F(1,773)#8.80, P5.005. COMPARES THE UTILITY AND VALIDITY OF THE 2 MEASURES AND DISCUSSES ISSUES IN NOISE CONTROL IN LIBRARIES. ******************************************** Document 2737 RESULTS OF AN INVESTIGATION. TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES AND IN LIBRARIES OF HIGHER EDUCATION. IN 1979, AN INVESTIGATION WAS CARRIED OUT INTO THE TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT (E.G. AUDIO-VISUAL AND REPROGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT) AVAILABLE IN PUBLIC AND HIGHER EDUCATION LIBRARIES IN HUNGARY. IN THE HIGHER EDUCATION NETWORK, COLLEGE LIBRARIES WERE THE MOST ILL EQUIPPED WHILE THE LARGE UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES HAD A STOCK OF MODERN EQUIPMENT. IN THE PUBLIC LIBRARY NETWORK, CITY AND VILLAGE LIBRARIES HAD THE MOST INCOMPLETE STOCKS. ******************************************** Document 2738 DESIGNED FOR USERS. DISCUSSES THE ERGONOMIC DESIGN OF CHAIRS IN LIBRARIES WITH EXAMPLES OF FURNITURE PRODUCED BY HERMAN MILLER, INC., KRUEGER INC., CRAMER INDUSTRIES, INC., EKORNES AND THONET INDUSTRIES, INC. ******************************************** Document 2739 HOW TO INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY OF THE READERS' WORK IN THE LIBRARY. AN IMPORTANT TASK OF THE 5-YEAR-PLAN IS TO SAVE READERS' EXPENDITURE OF EFFORT IN USING LIBRARIES. COMPUTERISED CATALOGUES SHOW WIDE POTENTIAL. READERS' REQUESTS ARE TRANSMITTED TO LARGE LIBRARIES' BOOKSTORES ALONG T.V. COMMUNICATION CHANNELS. DOCUMENT REPRODUCTION HAS SIGNIFICANTLY LESSENED READERS' EXPENDITURE OF EFFORT. AUTOMATION OF ACQUISITIONING, CATALOGUING, INTERLIBRARY LOANS, SELECTIVE RETRIEVAL ALSO SAVE READERS' TIME. LARGE LIBRARIES HAVE AUTOMATED SYSTEMS FOR ISSUING BIBLIOGRAPHIES, ABSTRACTS, UNION CATALOGUES. LARGE INFORMATION-COMPUTER CENTRES WILL BE CREATED FOR COLLECTIVE USE AS INFORMATION TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS. THE STATE AUTOMATED SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM SHOULD ECONOMISE ON LIBRARIANS' AND READERS' TIME' THE GOVERNING FACTORS IN LIBRARY AUTOMATION. ******************************************** Document 2740 PHOTOGRAPHY & ITS USE IN LIBRARY WORK. PHOTOGRAPHY HAS TAKEN ON AN INCREASINGLY IMPORTANT ROLE IN PUBLIC LIBRARY WORK. MOST OFTEN THOUGHT OF IN TERMS OF OUTREACH WORK AND PUBLICITY, ITS EFFECT HAS BEEN EVEN MORE DRAMATIC IN THE IMPACT OF MICROFORMS. AMONG READER SERVICES THE AVAILABILITY OF PHOTOCOPIERS IS ALREADY TAKEN FOR GRANTED AND IN THE NEAR FUTURE IMPROVED MODELS CAPABLE OF REPRODUCING TONE ILLUSTRATIONS OR INSTANT COPIERS USING POLAROID FILM WILL BE EQUALLY COMMON. SUGGESTS SOME IDEAS AND SOME METHODS FOR CREATIVE APPLICATION OF PHOTOGRAPHY IN LIBRARY WORK, TOGETHER WITH SUFFICIENT TECHNICAL INFORMATION TO ENABLE THE NON-PHOTOGRAPHER TO PUT THEM INTO EFFECT. ******************************************** Document 2741 PRACTICAL PUBLIC RELATIONS' EFFECTIVE PR TECHNIQUES FOR SCHOOL LIBRARY/MEDIA SPECIALISTS. THIS HANDBOOK OF PUBLICITY IDEAS SUGGESTS ACTIVITIES AND THEMES TO HIGHLIGHT SERVICES AND RESOURCES OF SCHOOL MEDIA CENTRES, INCLUDING APPROACHES TO STUDENTS, FACULTY, ADMINISTRATION, AND THE COMMUNITY AT LARGE. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2742 BOOK WEEK 1981 IN THE BERLIN SUBURB OF MARZAHN. MARZAHN IS ONE OF THE LARGE, NEW URBAN AREAS IN EAST GERMANY. SINCE A NEW LIBRARY IS NOT YET AVAILABLE, SERVICES ARE DIVIDED BETWEEN 4 LIBRARIES IN THE OLDER PART OF TOWN, A PROCESSING CENTRE AND SEVERAL 'MINILIBRARIES' ESTABLISHED TEMPORARILY IN YOUTH CLUBS, OLD PEOPLE'S HOMES, HOSPITAL PREMISES AND ADULT EDUCATION CENTRES. DURING BOOK WEEK, 31 DIFFERENT EVENTS FOR ADULTS AND CHILDREN WERE ORGANISED, MAINLY IN THE LIBRARIES. THE PROGRAMME INCLUDED SALE OF BOOKS, GRAPHIC WORKS, CERAMICS AND GLASS, LITERACY DISCUSSIONS AT CLUB EVENINGS, POETRY RECITALS, QUIZZES AND BAZAARS, WITH THE WELCOME PARTICIPATION OF 19 DIFFERENT AUTHORS. GOOD PUBLICITY IS ESSENTIAL FOR EVENTS OF THIS NATURE. ******************************************** Document 2743 CHANGING PATTERNS OF INFORMATION USE IN PLANNING. 2 STUDIES CONDUCTED OVER A PERIOD OF 10 YEARS REVEALED A NUMBER OF CONSISTENCIES IN THE USE OF INFORMATION IN PLANNING, BOTH AS FAR AS THE DEMAND FOR INFORMATION IS CONCERNED AND THE PROBLEMS INVOLVED IN UTILISATION OF EXISTING SOURCES ON THE SUPPLY SIDE. DEVELOPMENTS THAT HAVE OCCURRED OVER THAT PERIOD REFLECT THE CONSIDERABLE NUMBER OF IMPROVEMENTS OF BOTH ADVISORY AND STATUTORY NATURE. THESE RESULT IN A MORE COMPREHENSIVE SYSTEMS-WIDE APPROACH AND AN INCREASED AWARENESS OF THE ROLE OF IMPROVED INFORMATION BASES. FURTHER IMPROVEMENTS ARE STILL DESIRABLE, HOWEVER, NOTABLY IN THE FORM OF IMPROVED LINKAGES AND CONTINUED DISSEMINATION OF EXPERIENCE WHETHER POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE. ******************************************** Document 2744 A RELEVANT LIBRARY SERVICE. LIBRARIES COLLECT, STORE AND DISSEMINATE RELEVANT KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION TO NATIONAL POPULATIONS. THE TERM 'RELEVANT INFORMATION' IS DISCUSSED IN RELATION TO THE KENYAN POPULATION. APPROXIMATELY 95% OF THE KENYAN POPULATION IS MADE UP OF WORKERS AND PEASANTS AND A RELEVANT LIBRARY SERVICE SHOULD BE AWARE OF THE PROBLEMS THAT THESE PEOPLE HAVE TO FACE. THE CONTENT OF THE INFORMATION COMMUNICATED, THE WAY IN WHICH IT IS COMMUNICATED AND THE LANGUAGE IN WHICH IT IS COMMUNICATED ARE IMPORTANT ASPECTS WHICH NEED TO BE CONSIDERED BY THE LIBRARY SERVICE IF IT IS TO SUPPLY INFORMATION TO THOSE PEOPLE WHO NEED IT MOST. THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA IS CITED AS A COUNTRY WHERE SOME SUCCESS HAS BEEN MADE IN OVERCOMING THESE PROBLEMS. MUCH VALUABLE INFORMATION HAS ACCUMULATED OVER THE YEARS AMONG THE POPULATION AND COULD BE USEFULLY APPLIED IF IT WAS SUCCESSFULLY PROVIDED TO THOSE WHO NEED IT. ******************************************** Document 2745 INFORMATION IMPACT ON THIRD WORLD SOCIETIES. PAPER BASED ON THE TALK DELIVERED AT THE DOCUMENTATION RESEARCH AND TRAINING CENTRE AT BANGALORE AS PART OF THE DRTC RESEARCH COLLOQUIUM HELD ON 22 MAR 80 AND AT THE 135TH IASLIC STUDY CIRCLE MEETING HELD ON 25 JUNE 81 AT CALCUTTA. DISCUSSES THE IMPACT OF THE INFORMATION EXPLOSION ON THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES AND THE REASONS FOR THEIR INABILITY TO COPE WITH THE EXPONENTIAL GROWTH OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. DISCUSSES SOME SUCCESSFUL ATTEMPTS TO DEAL WITH THE PROBLEM IN CERTAIN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES AND IN PARTICULAR THE RURAL INFORMATION SERVICE SYSTEM (RISS) IN INDIA. ******************************************** Document 2746 INFORMATION DEVELOPMENTS IN NORTHERN IRELAND. PAPER PRESENTED AT A JOINT SEMINAR OF THE INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION SCIENTISTS (IRISH BRANCH) AND THE UNIVERSITY AND SPECIAL LIBRARIES SECTION, LIBRARY ASSOCIATION OF IRELAND, DUBLIN, 7 NOV 80. A REVIEW OF THE INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF INFORMATION AGENCIES, PARTICULARLY LIBRARIES, IN NORTHERN IRELAND DURING THE 1970S AND 80S. ADVANCES HAVE BEEN MADE IN COMMUNITY INFORMATION CENTRES, ALSO THE USE OF ON-LINE DATA BASES IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES AND, TO A LESSER EXTENT, IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR. SURVEYS THE ADOPTION OF VIDEOTEX SYSTEMS IN THE PROVINCE. WITHIN THE UK CONTEXT NORTHERN IRELAND IS DISADVANTAGED WITH REGARD TO ACCESS TO INFORMATION. STRESSES THE NEED FOR COOPERATION AND COORDINATION IN DEVELOPING AN INFORMATION POLICY. ******************************************** Document 2747 INDUSTRY'S USE OF MODERN INFORMATION SERVICES AND TECHNIQUES. OUTLINES THE 'AGES OF INFORMATION' (CARD INDEXES, MAINFRAME COMPUTERS, MINIS AND MICRO-PROCESSORS), AND THE EFFECT OF EACH ON INFORMATION HANDLING AND ON PEOPLE. DISCUSSES AN INDUSTRIAL INFORMATION SERVICE'S ROLE IN THE EARLY 1980S, AND EMPHASISES THE INFORMATION SERVICE'S ROLE AS A BUSINESS RESOURCE AND PROBLEM-SOLVING CENTRE. DISCUSSES THE INFORMATION MANAGEMENT PROCESSES DESIGNED TO MEET BUSINESS NEEDS. ******************************************** Document 2748 TOWARD USABLE USER STUDIES. A MANAGEMENT-ORIENTED MODEL FOR DESCRIBING AND STUDYING INFORMATION BEHAVIOUR IS PROPOSED. SEVERAL HYPOTHESES DERIVED FROM THE MODEL ARE TESTED USING A DATA BASE DESCRIBING THE INFORMATION-RELATED ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOURS OF SOME 560 SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS WORKING IN A VARIETY OF SETTINGS AND ROLES. ALL BUT ONE OF THE HYPOTHESES WERE CONFIRMED, ADDING SUPPORT TO THE MODEL. ******************************************** Document 2749 ACCESS TO FEDERAL GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS' THE ENIGMA EXPLAINED-PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE CASLIS WORKSHOP ON FEDERAL GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS HELD AT THE CLA ANNUAL CONFERENCE, OTTAWA, JUNE 16, 1979. PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE CANADIAN ASSOCIATION OF SPECIAL LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION SERVICES WORKSHOP ON FEDERAL GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS AT THE CANADIAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION ANNUAL CONFERENCE, OTTAWA, ONTARIO, 16 JUNE 79. PAPERS INCLUDE' A PRACTICAL OVERVIEW OF CERTAIN PARLIAMENTARY PUBLICATIONS BY MICHAEL GRAHAM; ACQUISITION OF CANADIAN FEDERAL OFFICE PUBLICATIONS' THE GOOD NEWS BY JULES LARIVIERE; HEALTH AND WELFARE CANADA' ITS HISTORICAL CATALOGUE, BY M.B. STONE; BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL' THE KEY TO EFFICIENT AND EFFECTIVE PUBLIC INFORMATION ACCESS BY RUTHMARY LAWLESS; AGRICULTURE CANADA PUBLICATIONS' ACCESSIBILITY AND USE BY JANET CUMEN; AND ACCESS TO ENVIRONMENT CANADA PUBLICATIONS BY CUINEAS BOYLE. ******************************************** Document 2750 USER NEEDS IN DOCUMENTATION AND INFORMATION. 1977-MAY 1981 (CITATIONS FROM THE NTIS DATA BASE). REPORTS ON MEETING THE NEEDS OF THE INFORMATION SCIENCES USER IN THE MOST DIRECT AND SPECIFIC WAY ARE CITED, INCLUDING METHODS USED TO DETERMINE THOSE NEEDS AND MEASURES TAKEN TO FULFILL THEM IN APPLICATION TO EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES, DATA BASES, DATA MANAGEMENT, LIBRARY NETWORKS, PHOTOGRAPHIC RECORDING SYSTEMS, TECHNICAL INFORMATION CENTRES, AND CONSULTING SERVICES. ******************************************** Document 2751 CHARACTERISTICS OF SOCIAL SCIENCE INFORMATION' A SELECTED REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE. OUTLINES THE VARIOUS DISCIPLINES IN 19 EUROPEAN COUNTRIES AND IN 5 INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS OR SERVICES WHICH ARE CONSIDERED TO BELONG TO THE SOCIAL SCIENCES. THE TERM SOCIAL SCIENCE IS USED IN THE MORE RESTRICTED SENSE AND DOES NOT INCLUDE THE HUMANITIES. DESCRIBES THE GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SOCIAL SCIENCE INFORMATION, ITS SOURCES, THE FLOW OF INFORMATION, INFORMATION RETRIEVAL AND THE USE OF SOCIAL SCIENCE INFORMATION. THE INFORMATION SEEKING BEHAVIOUR OF SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCHERS IS COMPARED WITH THAT OF RESEARCHERS IN SCIENCE AND THE HUMANITIES, AND ALSO BETWEEN RESEARCHERS IN VARIOUS SOCIAL SCIENCE DISCIPLINES. THE INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS OF SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCHERS ARE DIFFERENTIATED FROM THOSE OF BOTH SOCIAL SCIENTISTS IN A NON-RESEARCH ENVIRONMENT AND NON-SOCIAL SCIENTISTS WHO COULD MAKE USE OF SOCIAL SCIENCE INFORMATION. ******************************************** Document 2752 CITIZEN GROUPS AND THE TRANSFER OF PUBLIC POLICY INFORMATION IN A COMMUNITY. (PHD DISSERTATION-UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN.) EXAMINATION OF THE INFORMATION SEEKING AND DISSEMINATING ACTIVITIES OF A VARIETY OF US CITIZEN GROUPS, ATTEMPTING TO DEVELOP RESEARCH KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE INFORMATION NEEDS OF CITIZEN GROUPS, THEIR CHARACTERISTICS, AND THEIR PRESENT INFORMATION SEEKING BEHAVIOUR. ******************************************** Document 2753 ACCESS TO INFORMATION' INDEPENDENT ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES' A STUDY PREPARED FOR THE LAW REFORM COMMISSION OF CANADA. REPORT OF RESEARCH CARRIED OUT BETWEEN SEPT 76 AND MAY 77, RELATING TO THE WAY INDEPENDENT ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES IN CANADA SHOULD DEAL WITH INFORMATION THEY RECEIVE, WHO THEY SHOULD SHARE IT WITH, AND WHEN THEY SHOULD KEEP IT TO THEMSELVES. AGENCIES STUDIED INCLUDED THE NATIONAL ENERGY BOARD, ATOMIC ENERGY CONTROL BOARD AND THE NATIONAL PAROLE BOARD. CHAPTERS ARE AS FOLLOWS' THE VALUES AT STAKE; EXISTING LAW AND PRACTICE; THE SENSITIVE INFORMATION; STATUTORY PROVISIONS RELATING TO CONFIDENTIALITY; RECOMMENDED' A PUBLIC RIGHT OF ACCESS; AND CONCLUSION. ******************************************** Document 2754 ISSUES AND ALTERNATIVES' A GUIDE FOR THE POLICY MAKER. DESCRIBES THE POLICY-ORIENTED INFORMATION DELIVERY MECHANISM, THE PUBLIC INTEREST INFORMATION NETWORK (PIIN), THAT WAS DEVELOPED BY THE DALLAS PUBLIC LIBRARY TO RESPOND TO THE INFORMATIONAL NEEDS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS AND CITIZEN'S GROUPS BY COMPILING SOURCES WHICH CAN PROVIDE A HUMANISTIC CONTEXT FOR EVALUATING PUBLIC POLICY OPTIONS. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2755 FEDERAL GOVERNMENT LIBRARIES AND ACCESS TO GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS. REPORT OF CANADA'S COUNCIL OF FEDERAL LIBRARIES WORKING GROUP ON ACCESS TO GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS, CONTAINING RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE PARTICIPATION OF FEDERAL GOVERNMENT LIBRARIES WITHIN THEIR DEPARTMENTS SHOULD THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION LEGISLATION BE IMPLEMENTED. ******************************************** Document 2756 HANDICAPPED PERSONS' SERVICE DIRECTORIES, GUIDES, AND HANDBOOKS. JANUARY, 1970-SEPTEMBER, 1981 (CITATIONS FROM THE NTIS DATA BASE). THE BIBLIOGRAPHY CITES VARIOUS DIRECTORIES, HANDBOOKS, CATALOGUES, GUIDES AND MANUALS CONCERNING DISABLED PERSONS AND THOSE WHO PROVIDE A VARIETY OF SERVIES, EQUIPMENT, AND PRODUCTS TO THEM. SOME OF THE PUBLICATIONS CITED CONCERN RESULTS OF RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, OR DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS RELATED TO DISABLED OR HANDICAPPED PERSONS. ******************************************** Document 2757 SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION SERVICES FOR SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT. VOLUME 11. RESEARCH PAPER. 3 PAPERS WRITTEN IN PREPARATION FOR THE 1979 U.N. CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FOR DEVELOPMENT. THE 1ST PAPER, BY TEFKO SARACEVIC, SURVEYS THE VIEWS ON SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION EXPRESSED BY DEVELOPING COUNTRIES AND INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS. THE 2ND PAPER, BY DAVIS MCCARN, SURVEYS THE INFORMATION RESOURCES OF THE U.S., PARTICULARLY FROM THE VIEW POINT OF THEIR RELEVANCE AND AVAILABILITY TO LESS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES. THE LAST PAPER, BY VLADIMIR SLAMECKA, SUMMARISES THE DIMENSIONS INVOLVED IN THE USE OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION FOR ADVANCING SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT. ******************************************** Document 2758 SOME PROBLEMS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION SERVICES FOR SPECIAL LITERATURE. IN THE LAST 20 YEARS, USERS' INFORMATION DEMANDS AND NEEDS HAVE DEVELOPED PARTICULARLY IN SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL FIELDS AND EXPANDED THE TASKS AND FUNCTIONS OF INFORMATION SERVICES. DISCUSSES FUTURE TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SUCH SERVICES, PARTICULARLY EFFORTS TO ESTABLISH NATIONAL OR INTERNATIONAL SYSTEMS ORIENTED TO BRANCHES OF SCIENCE OR SPECIAL FIELDS. ******************************************** Document 2759 TECHNICAL INFORMATION AND DATA SERVICES FOR CITY AND COUNTY GOVERNMENTS. THE REPORT DESCRIBES RESEARCH COMMITTED TO HELPING LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IMPROVE SERVICES AND CUT COSTS THROUGH THE PRACTICAL USE OF APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. THE RESEARCH EFFORT IS BASED ON A NATIONAL PERSPECTIVE. IT IS POINTED OUT THAT ALTHOUGH CITY AND COUNTY GOVERNMENTS CAN ACCESS OVER 200 TECHNICAL INFORMATION AND DATA SERVICES, LOCAL GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS ARE UNDER INCREASING PRESSURE TO MAKE BETTER DECISIONS. ******************************************** Document 2760 GOVERNMENT RESPONSIBILITY FOR SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION PROVISION. PAPER SUBMITTED TO THE 'SEMINAR INFORMASI ILMU DAN TEKNOLOGI UNTUK MENURYANG PEMBANGUNAN', JAKARTA, 23 APR 80. SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION IS INCREASINGLY BEING RECOGNISED AS A NATIONAL ASSET, AND GOVERNMENTS ARE DISCOVERING THE RESPONSIBILITY THEY HAVE TO PROMOTE THE FACILITATION OF THE ACQUISITION, PROCESSING AND DISSEMINATION OF STI. DESCRIBES POLICY IN SWEDEN, CHINA AND MALAYSIA, AND SUMMARISES GOVERNMENT RESPONSIBILITY. CONCLUDES WITH A BRIEF DISCUSSION OF THE 'INTELLIGENCE FUNCTION' IN INDUSTRIALISED COUNTRIES. ******************************************** Document 2761 CORRELATES OF COMMUNICATION BEHAVIOR IN THE RESEARCH LABORATORY. (PHD THESIS-UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN.) EXPLORES THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE SELECTION POTENTIAL OF AN INDIVIDUAL AS A SOURCE OF INFORMATION, AND THE 'NUCLEAR' ENVIRONMENT OF THAT INDIVIDUAL. THE SCOPE OF THE STUDY IS LIMITED TO SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL INFORMATION COMMUNICATED BETWEEN RESEARCH SCIENTISTS AND RESEARCH ENGINEERS IN AN R&D LABORATORY SETTING. RESULTS SUPPORT THE PREMISE THAT THERE IS A SIGNIFICANT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN A SCIENTIST'S 'NUCLEAR' ENVIRONMENT AND HIS SELECTION POTENTIAL AS A SOURCE OF STI. A MULTIVARIATE MODEL IS DESIGNED FOR USE IN EVALUATING FORMAL AND INFORMAL COMMUNICATION NETWORKS IN THE ORGANISATION. ******************************************** Document 2762 CHEMICAL INFORMATION RESOURCES DIRECTORY' AN INTEGRATING COMPONENT OF THE CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES INFORMATION NETWORK. THE CHEMICAL INFORMATION RESOURCES DIRECTORY (CIRD) SERVES AS AN INTEGRATING MECHANISM FOR THE DIVERSE INFORMATION RESOURCES TO BE INCLUDED IN THE CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES INFORMATION NETWORK. THE PRESENT CIRD, AVAILABLE AS A PUBLISHED HANDBOOK WITH ITS TWO PARTS, THE SUBJECT CATALOG AND THE DESCRIPTIVE CATALOG, UNIFORMLY CATALOGUES AND INDEXES THE FUNCTIONS, CONTENT, ACCESS, AND OTHER ATTRIBUTES OF 53 CHEMICAL-RELATED INFORMATION RESOURCES. ******************************************** Document 2763 TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES 1980, OFFICE OF STANDARD REFERENCE DATA. THE OFFICE OF STANDARD REFERENCE DATA IS 1 OF 6 PROGRAMME OFFICES IN THE NATIONAL MEASUREMENT LABORATORY, NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS. THE PROGRAMME DEVELOPS AND DISSEMINATES DATA BASES OF CRITICALLY EVALUATED PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SUBSTANCES. THE OFFICE OF STANDARD REFERENCE DATA IS RESPONSIBLE FOR MANAGEMENT AND COORDINATION OF THE PROGRAMME. WORK IS CARRIED OUT THROUGH A DECENTRALISED NETWORK OF DATA CENTRES AND PROJECTS REFERRED TO AS THE NATIONAL STANDARD REFERENCE DATA SYSTEM. ******************************************** Document 2764 INFORMATION AND THE PRACTICE OF MEDICINE: REPORT OF THE MEDICAL INFORMATION REVIEW PANEL. THE MEDICAL REVIEW PANEL WAS SET UP IN 1978 BY THE BRITISH LIBRARY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT TO IDENTIFY PROBLEM AREAS IN THE PROVISION OF MEDICAL INFORMATION, TO DETERMINE THEIR RESEARCH ORDER OF PRIORITY AND TO RECOMMEND HOW SUCH PROBLEMS MIGHT BE TACKLED AS RESEARCH PROJECTS AMENABLE TO BLR&DD SUPPORT. DISCUSSES' INFORMATION NEEDS OF THE MEDICAL PROFESSIONS; MEDICAL LIBRARIES; DRUG INFORMATION SERVICES; CONTINUING MEDICAL EDUCATION; STIMULATING USE OF INFORMATION; AND THE APPLICATION OF NEW TECHNOLOGY TO MEDICAL INFORMATION. MAKES RECOMMENDATIONS FOR RESEARCH AND ACTION. ******************************************** Document 2765 CONSUMER HEALTH INFORMATION NEEDS AND ACCESS THROUGH EXISTING INDEXES. A SOLUTION TO THE DEMAND FOR CONSUMER HEALTH INFORMATION IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES IS PROPOSED; USE OF MATERIALS ALREADY IN MOST COLLECTIONS AND ACCESSIBLE THROUGH POPULAR JOURNAL INDEXES SUCH AS 2READERS' GUIDE1 AND 2MAGAZINE INDEX1. THE RESULTS OF A STUDY OF THE RESPONSIVENESS OF THE 2 INDEXES TO PATRONS' REQUESTS FOR HEALTH-RELATED INFORMATION IN 1 PUBLIC LIBRARY ARE PRESENTED ALONG WITH A COST ANALYSIS OF THE METHOD. ******************************************** Document 2766 THE PUBLIC'S ACCESS TO HEALTH SCIENCES INFORMATION. PROMPTED BY AN AWARENESS OF THE GENERAL PUBLIC'S LACK OF ACCESS TO SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE IN THE MEDICAL FIELD, DOCUMENTS THE PRACTICAL AND ETHICAL DESIRABILITY OF ELIMINATING OBSTACLES TO THOSE SEEKING HEALTH INFORMATION. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2767 SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION STRATEGY OF CHINOIN. IN HUNGARY, PHARMACEUTICAL WORKS DEVOTE MUCH OF THEIR INCOME TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW COMPOUNDS. PATENTS MAY ONLY BE ISSUED FOR NEW MATERIALS AND METHODS, SO INFORMATION ON PATENTS AND SPECIAL LITERATURE MUST BE UP TO DATE. FOR THIS THE CHINOIN TECHNICAL LIBRARY USES CLASSIC AND MODERN COMPUTERISED SERVICES. THE LIBRARY SUBSCRIBES TO ONLY 212 JOURNALS, BUT USES DERWENT MANUAL CARD AND ABSTRACTING SERVICES, AND THE 2CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS1 SEARCH SYSTEM. RETROSPECTIVE SEARCHING IS CARRIED OUT MANUALLY THROUGH, FOR EXAMPLE, 2CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS1. IT IS PROPOSED TO COOPERATE DIRECTLY WITH THE COMPUTER STATION AT THE OFFICE FOR SYSTEM ANALYSIS OF THE NATIONAL COMMITTEE FOR TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENT. THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A DATA BANK, INCLUDING NEW COMPOUNDS OF CHINOIN REPRESENTS A FURTHER DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION WITHIN THE SYSTEM. ******************************************** Document 2768 INFORMATION BY, AND RELATIONS OF THE HOSPITAL PHARMACIST WITH THE LIBRARY INFORMATION NETWORK. HOSPITALS INCREASINGLY DEMAND QUICK AND SPECIFIC PHARMACEUTICAL INFORMATION. AT THE DISPENSARY OF THE UNIVERSITY MEDICAL SCHOOL OF SZEGED, INFORMATION REQUESTS IN 1979 WERE ANALYSED. 20% REFERRED TO INDICATION, 11% EACH TO TECHNOLOGY AND ACCESSIBILITY. &L OF THE INFORMATION REQUIRED HIGH QUALIFICATION, THE OTHER &D RELATED TO ECONOMICS. PHARMACISTS NEED UP-TO-DATE INFORMATION, BUT HUNGARIAN UNIVERSITY PHARMACIES HAVE NO ON-LINE SYSTEM. IN ADDITION TO THE SERVICES OFFERED BY THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR MEDICAL INFORMATION AND THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY, PHARMACISTS RELY SOLELY ON THEIR OWN DOCUMENTATION SYSTEMS. A CARD-FILE SYSTEM INCLUDING ABSTRACTS HAS BEEN DEVELOPED. PHARMACISTS IN SZEGED ALSO USE THE LIBRARIES OF THE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY AND THE FACULTY OF PHARMACOLOGY. AT PRESENT, INFORMATION SUPPLY MEETS REQUIREMENTS. ******************************************** Document 2769 INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS AND POSSIBILITIES OF DISPENSING PHARMACISTS. SPECIAL LIBRARIES OF THE HUNGARIAN PHARMACEUTICAL CENTRES ARE PRESENTLY INTEGRAL PARTS OF THE MEDICAL LIBRARY NETWORK, AND ALL REQUIRE INFORMATION QUICKLY AND DAILY. DISCUSSES THE AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION AND THE USE MADE OF IT, WITH ATTENDANT LANGUAGE PROBLEMS, AND THE DIFFICULTIES OF THE SUPPLY OF MATERIALS WHICH ONLY PARTIALLY SATISFY INFORMATION DEMANDS. ******************************************** Document 2770 REPORT ON A VISIT TO UVLI IN PRAGUE, 7-12 SEPTEMBER 80. REPORT OF A VISIT TO STUDY LIBRARY AND DOCUMENTATION ACTIVITIES OF CZECHOSLOVAKIAN INSTITUTIONS WHICH COLLECT AND PROCESS PHARMACEUTICAL AND PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICAL LITERATURE, AND TO BECOME ACQUAINTED WITH REPROGRAPHIC NETWORKS. UVLI, THE NETWORK CENTRE OF CZECHOSLOVAKIAN MEDICAL LIBRARIES COLLECTS DOMESTIC LITERATURE AND PROCESSES IT IN NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHIES. DESCRIBES THE INSTITUTE OF DRUG CONTROL, THE CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICAL INSTITUTE, AND THE BIOCHEMICAL AND DRUG RESEARCH INSTITUTE, AND COMPARES THEM WITH THEIR HUNGARIAN COUNTERPARTS. ******************************************** Document 2771 DOCUMENTATION OF HUNGARIAN PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS. THE TECHNICAL LIBRARY OF THE UNITED WORKS OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND DIETETIC PRODUCTS, HUNGARY, HAS SET UP A SPECIAL COLLECTION THAT RECORDS THE DOCUMENTS OF THE WORKS' PRODUCTS. THE COLLECTION IS BASED ON THE ENTIRE DOCUMENTATION OF ORIGINAL HUNGARIAN COMPOUNDS, AND A TITLE BIBLIOGRAPHY COVERING WORLD LITERATURE OF INDIVIDUAL DRUGS LICENSED IN HUNGARY IS COMPILED BY THE LIBRARIAN. IN THE COLLECTION ARE USE INSTRUCTIONS, LITERATURE SUMMARIES, PRODUCT INFORMATION, CHEMICAL SUMMARIES, THE TITLE BIBLIOGRAPHY, ABSTRACTS, REPORTS ON INVESTIGATIONS, CONTROL CERTIFICATES AND OTHER DOCUMENTS, ALL OF WHICH ARE RECORDED IN AN ACCESSION-BOOK AND ENTERED IN A PRODUCT AND SUBJECT-WORD CATALOGUE. MEDICAL REPORTS ON EACH DRUG ARE TRANSLATED INTO FOREIGN LANGUAGES, DUPLICATED AND SUPPLIED TO THE NATIONAL SZECHENYI LIBRARY ON COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT. WHILST TRADITIONAL MEANS OF ANSWERING QUERIES HAVE SO FAR BEEN USED, A COMPUTER WILL HAVE TO BE USED IN THE FUTU RE. ******************************************** Document 2772 INFORMATION RETRIEVAL OF DRUGS USING THE SERVICES OFFERED BY THE HUNGARIAN MEDICAL LIBRARY AND DOCUMENTATION CENTRE. INFORMATION SPECIALISTS MUST BE FULLY AWARE OF DOCTORS' REQUESTS FOR DRUG INFORMATION. THEY NEED TO KNOW' (1) THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE COMPOUND; (2) OTHER COMPOUNDS WHICH CAN BE USED IN THE TREATMENT OF THE SAME ILLNESS; AND (3) THEY NEED CLINICAL/PHARMACOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE TO ASSESS AND COMPARE RESULTS OF SIMILAR/IDENTICAL CLINICAL EXAMINATIONS. THEY MUST ALSO BE ACQUAINTED WITH THE IMPORTANT PARAMETERS OF DRUG IDENTITY. ******************************************** Document 2773 THE IMPORTANCE OF COOPERATION FOR THE UTILISATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL LITERATURE. HUNGARIAN NON-INDUSTRIAL PHARMACEUTICAL INSTITUTIONS ARE NOT PROVIDED WITH SPECIAL LITERATURE. THEIR LIBRARIES AND BOOK COLLECTIONS BELONG TO THE MEDICAL LIBRARY NETWORK, BUT THEY ARE THE 'STEPCHILDREN' OF THE NETWORK, AND DO NOT UTILISE ADVANTAGES TO BE EXPECTED FROM COOPERATION. CONDITIONS IN BUDAPEST ARE MORE FAVOURABLE THAN ELSEWHERE IN HUNGARY, AS PHARMACISTS CAN VISIT THE NETWORK CENTRES, THE HUNGARIAN TECHNICAL LIBRARY AND THE LIBRARY OF THE HUNGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. ELSEWHERE, PHARMACISTS CAN ONLY RELY ON A SMALL AMOUNT OF AVAILABLE LITERATURE. RECOMMENDS IMPROVEMENTS IN ACQUISITIONS, AND INTERLIBRARY LOANS THROUGH THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIBRARY COOPERATION, AND DISCUSSES A DATA BANK ESTABLISHED BY THE HUNGARIAN NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF PHARMACEUTICS, WHICH HOLDS INFORMATION ON FOREIGN DRUG COMPOUNDS, THEIR PRODUCERS, INDICATIONS AND COUNTERINDICATIONS, SIDE-EFFECTS, AND POSSIBLE HUNGARIAN EQUIVALENTS. ******************************************** Document 2774 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON TECHNICAL INFORMATION AND ITS USERS (SOFIA, BULGARIA, JUNE 15-17, 1977). REPORTS. INTERNATIONAL COLLECTION OF PAPERS ON THE ROLE OF TECHNICAL INFORMATION IN THE ENGINEERING PROFESSION. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2775 TACTICAL WEAPON GUIDANCE AND CONTROL INFORMATION ANALYSIS CENTER. SUMMARISES THE ACTIVITIES OF THE TACTICAL WEAPON GUIDANCE AND CONTROL INFORMATION AND ANALYSIS CENTER (GACIAC) DURING ITS 3RD YEAR OF OPERATION. THE BACKGROUND AND ORGANISATION OF THE CENTRE IS REVIEWED AND MAJOR ACTIVITIES CONSISTING OF INTERNAL OPERATIONS, SUPPORT SERVICES, AND PRODUCTS AND SERVICES ARE OUTLINED. ******************************************** Document 2776 THE STATUS OF MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS (MIS) IN STATE DEPARTMENTS OF EDUCATION. CASE STUDIES. COMPLEMENTING A 1973 SURVEY OF MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN STATE DEPARTMENTS OF EDUCATION, THE CONCLUSIONS DEVELOPED IN THIS STUDY PRESENT AN OVERVIEW OF MIS DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION IN 6 STATES' GEORGIA, IOWA, MARYLAND, OREGON, TEXAS, AND UTAH. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2777 THE STATUS OF MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS (MIS) IN STATE DEPARTMENTS OF EDUCATION. NATIONAL SURVEY. PREPARED FOR TOP AND MIDDLE MANAGERS, THIS PAPER REPRESENTS A COMPARATIVE OVERVIEW OF MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT IN 40 STATE DEPARTMENTS OF EDUCATION. QUESTIONNAIRES ELICITED INFORMATION ABOUT THE BACKGROUND OF PARTICIPATING AGENCIES AS WELL AS CONCEPTUAL CONCERNS, THE PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTING OF MIS DATA COLLECTION, DATA PROCESSING, AND INFORMATION DELIVERY. SPECIFIC CONCLUSIONS DRAWN FROM THIS STUDY AND SOME OF THEIR IMPLICATIONS ARE DISCUSSED TOGETHER WITH A COMPLETE DESCRIPTION OF THE SURVEY. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2778 THE EFFECTS OF METAINFORMATION COST CHANGE ON INFORMATION AND METAINFORMATION PREFERENCE IN A DECISION TASK. (PHD DISSERTATION-SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY.) HYPOTHESISES THAT COST CHANGES HAVE AN EFFECT ON PREDECISION INFORMATION AND METAINFORMATION (INFORMATION ON INFORMATION) PREFERENCES. REVIEWS THE TREATMENT OF COST EFFECTS ON INFORMATION USE IN THE DECISION LITERATURE, AND TESTS THE HYPOTHESES THAT' THE ORDER OF THE COST CONDITIONS AFFECTS THE PREFERENCES, THAT AN INTERACTION EFFECT EXISTS BETWEEN COST AND SEQUENCE, AND THAT IF COST HAS AN EFFECT ON PREFERENCES, THEN METAINFORMATION PREFERENCES WILL VARY INVERSELY WITH COST. ******************************************** Document 2779 STUDY OF THE MANAGEMENT OF INFORMATION IN WASHINGTON STATE. THE OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY WAS TO IDENTIFY POTENTIALLY USEFUL WAYS BY WHICH WASHINGTON STATE CAN INCREASE ITS CAPACITY FOR USING TECHNOLOGY IN MEETING THE NEEDS OF TOP-LEVEL DECISION-MAKERS. THE PROJECT WAS DIVIDED INTO 2 PHASES' A GENERAL RECONNAISSANCE OF THE OVERALL STATUS OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT, AND A SPECIFIC FACTFINDING EFFORT WITHIN EACH SAMPLE AREA CONSISTING OF 9 STATE AGENCIES AND THEIR RESPECTIVE INFORMATION SYSTEMS. ******************************************** Document 2780 THE CULTURAL APPRAISAL OF EFFORTS TO ALEVIATE INFORMATION INEQUITY. SUGGESTS THAT ACTION TO ALLEVIATE INFORMATION INEQUITY SHOULD BE GUIDED BY THE PRINCIPLES OF CONTEXTUALISM, INCREMENTALISM, MOTIVATION OF INFORMATION USERS, AND MORE KNOWLEDGE OF THE ABSORPTIVE PROCESS THAT IS UNIQUE TO EACH CULTURAL GROUP. TO DO THIS, INFORMATION SERVICES SHOULD RECOGNIZE CULTURAL PLURALISM AND THE NEED TO ELIMINATE INFORMATION POVERTY AS VIEWED BY THE MEMBERS OF THE GROUPS BEING SERVED. ******************************************** Document 2781 MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT FOR INFORMATION HANDLING. MENTIONS THE IMPORTANCE OF INFORMATION AS A VITAL NATURAL RESOURCE AND EMPHASISES THE NEED FOR READY ACCESS TO IT THROUGH VARIOUS WAYS OF INFORMATION DISSEMINATION. BRINGS OUT THE NEED FOR NATIS. EXPLAINS THE NEED FOR MANPOWER TRAINING FOR INFORMATION HANDLING AND DESCRIBES THE DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF PERSONNEL FOR THIS PURPOSE. GIVES DETAILS OF A FORMAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING PROGRAMME. OUTLINES THE TRAINING PROGRAMME IN INDIA, AND ALSO, BRIEFLY, PROGRAMMES IN PAKISTAN, BANGLADESH AND IRAN, AS WELL AS UNESCO'S ROLE IN MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT. ******************************************** Document 2782 BARRIERS IN INFORMATION COMMUNICATION. EXPLAINS THE SIGNIFICANCE OF COMMUNICATION IN INFORMATION TRANSFER; LISTS BARRIERS TO INFORMATION COMMUNICATION (LANGUAGE, FORMAT, TERMINOLOGY, ACCOMMODATION OF NEW CONCEPTS IN EXISTING CLASSIFICATION SCHEMES, MISLEADING TITLES, 'TRASH' LITERATURE, REPETITION, INADEQUATE BIBLIOGRAPHICAL CONTROL, COST, TIME LAG, AND LACK OF INFORMATION AWARENESS); AND SUGGESTS MEASURES FOR OVERCOMING SUCH BARRIERS. ******************************************** Document 2783 APPLICATION OF AN ENTROPY MEASURE FOR JOURNAL EVALUATION AND ITS COMPARISON TO OTHER QUANTITATIVE MEASURES. (PHD THESIS-CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY, OHIO). USING A SET OF 856 JOURNALS INDEXED IN 1978 BY 2INDEX MEDICUS1 AND BY THE CITING JOURNAL PACKAGE OF 2JOURNAL CITATION REPORTS1, A NEW QUANTITATIVE MEASURE HAVING A THEORETICAL BASIS (ENTROPY MEASURE) WAS TESTED. THE RESULTS WERE COMPARED WITH THOSE OF 4 OTHER MEASURES REPRESENTING AN EMPIRICAL APPROACH. ALL 5 SETS OF RESULTS WERE COMPARED WITH CORE JOURNAL LISTS AND A PEER REVIEW RANKING OF SOME OF THE TITLES. THE 5 MEASURES SEEMED TO REPRESENT DIFFERENT JOURNAL PROPERTIES. THE ENTROPY MEASURE INVOLVED THE BRILLOUIN INFORMATION MEASURE (THE CONTRIBUTION OF A JOURNAL TO THE COMMUNICATION NETWORK RELATED TO A JOURNAL POPULATION). THE JOURNAL SELECTION PROCESS WOULD BENEFIT FROM THE USE OF ANY OF THE 5 MEASURES, EVEN THOUGH THEY PRODUCE VARYING RESULTS. ******************************************** Document 2784 KENTUCKY INFORMATION DISSEMINATION SYSTEM. FALL DISSEMINATION CONFERENCE FOLLOW-UP. DESCRIBING A STATE CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION DISSEMINATION HELD IN NOV 79, FRANKFORT, KENTUCKY, CONTAINS CONFERENCE MATERIALS AND EVALUATIONS OF THE MINI-SEMINARS AND AWARENESS SESSIONS CONDUCTED THERE. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2785 INFORMATION FLOW AMONG ENGINEERS IN A DESIGN COMPANY. (PHD THESIS-UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN.) STUDY OF THE WAY TECHNICAL INFORMATION FLOWS THROUGH FORMAL AND INFORMAL CHANNELS AMONG ENGINEERS IN A DESIGN COMPANY. ENGINEERS' INFORMATION NEEDS WERE IDENTIFIED, AND THEIR BEHAVIOUR WHILE SEARCHING FOR INFORMATION, OR WHILE OBTAINING IT BY CHANCE, WAS ANALYSED. IT WAS FOUND THAT THE INFORMATION CHANNELS, BOTH FORMAL AND INFORMAL, INTERACT IN A COMPLEX WAY, ALTHOUGH FOLLOWING SPECIFIC PATTERNS, AND THAT THEY COMPLEMENT EACH OTHER DURING THE PROCESS OF INFORMATION ACQUISITION. ******************************************** Document 2786 TELECONFERENCED GROUP DECISION MAKING' DESIGNING FOR IMPROVED PERFORMANCE. (2 PARTS). THIS PROJECT IS CONCERNED WITH TRYING TO GET THE BEST OUT OF TELECONFERENCING. IT FORMS PART OF A BROADER PROGRAMME OF RESEARCH BY DARPA TO BUILD A PERSONAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM TO LINK MEMBERS OF THE GOVERNMENT EXECUTIVE AND THE MILITARY COMMAND AT TIMES OF NATIONAL EMERGENCY WHEN IT MAY BE INOPPORTUNE OR INADVISABLE TO HAVE ALL THE CONTRIBUTORS TO DECISION MAKING IN 1 PLACE. ******************************************** Document 2787 NETWORK FILE STORAGE SYSTEM. THE COMMON FILE SYSTEM (CFS) IS A LARGE ON-LINE CENTRALISED STORAGE SYSTEM FOR THE LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LABORATORY'S COMPUTER NETWORK. THE CFS PROVIDES LOS ALAMOS COMPUTER USERS A RELATIVELY SIMPLE SET OF PRIMITIVES WITH WHICH THEY CAN STORE AND RETRIEVE FILES. A TREE-STRUCTURED DIRECTORY ALLOWS THE USERS TO ORGANISE THEIR DATA IN A LOGICAL AND REASONABLE MANNER. ******************************************** Document 2788 INDEX SYSTEM FOR PERSONAL REFERENCE SOURCES. SEVERAL NORWEGIAN BUSINESS INFORMATION ORGANISATIONS COOPERATED DURING 1974-76 TO DEVELOP A COMPUTERISED REFERENCE SYSTEM (USIS) FOR LINKING ENQUIRERS WITH PERSONAL, NOT BIBLIOGRAPHICAL, REFERENCE SOURCES. PEOPLE PRODUCE KNOWLEDGE; THE HUMAN BRAIN IS AN UNSURPASSED 'DATA BASE'; AND PRECISE INFORMATION CAN BE REQUESTED AND OBTAINED THROUGH CONVERSATION. THE BASIC REFERENCE UNIT CHOSEN WAS THE SPECIALIST DEPARTMENT OR INSTITUTION, AND IN APR 79 1,200 REFERENCE SOURCES WERE REGISTERED, REPRESENTING 550 NORWEGIAN INSTITUTIONS. INDEXING OF SOURCES IS BASED ON ANNUAL REPORTS, CHECKED BY THE INSTITUTIONS. INSTITUTIONS CAN BE APPROACHED INDIVIDUALLY IF THE PROBLEM REQUIRES PRECISE DEFINITION, OR THE INDEX USED ALONE VIA A COMPUTER TERMINAL. DATA ON PERSONAL REFERENCE SOURCES MUST BE CONSTANTLY UPDATED. SIMILAR SYSTEMS EXIST IN OTHER COUNTRIES, AND THE IDEA COULD BE EXTENDED' ALL USERS OF COMPUTER TERMINALS (8,000 IN NORWAY IN 1978, ESTIMATED TO REACH 2 0,000 IN 1985) ARE POTENTIAL CLIENTS. POSSIBLE DANGERS OF MONOPOLY, ABUSE, OR TAKEOVER BY A FOREIGN POWER SHOULD BE TECHNICALLY AVOIDABLE. ******************************************** Document 2789 COMPUTERIZED DOCUMENT RETRIEVAL JANUARY, 1975-SEPTEMBER, 1981 (CITATIONS FROM THE INTERNATIONAL INFORMATION SERVICE FOR THE PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING COMMUNITIES DATA BASE). THIS BIBLIOGRAPHY COVERS VARIOUS METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR COMPUTERISED RETRIEVAL OF DOCUMENTS. SOME ATTENTION IS GIVEN TO MODELS OF DOCUMENT RETRIEVAL, RETRIEVAL EFFECTIVENESS, AND SPECIFIC RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS. ******************************************** Document 2790 INTELLIGENT AUTOMATIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL. CONSIDERS THE PRESENT STATE AND POSSIBLE DEVELOPMENT OF DOCUMENT RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS AS INTELLIGENT AUTOMATIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS. IT RELATES DOCUMENT RETRIEVAL TO DATA RETRIEVAL ON THE ONE HAND AND FACT RETRIEVAL ON THE OTHER, AND ARGUES THAT DOCUMENT RETRIEVAL SHOULD BE LESS NARROW IN ITS PRECONCEPTIONS. ******************************************** Document 2791 UTILIZING THE NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN SCHOOL LIBRARY MEDIA CENTERS' A REPORT TO THE ASSOCIATION. A REPORT ON THE SPECIAL SESSION HELD BY THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF SCHOOL LIBRARIANS DURING THE 1981 ALA MIDWINTER MEETING ON THE USE OF MICROCOMPUTERS, VIDEODISCS, AND OTHER FORMS OF THE NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN SCHOOL LIBRARY MEDIA CENTRES. ******************************************** Document 2792 COMPUTERIZED INFORMATION RESOURCES IN SWEDEN OF INTEREST TO SOCIAL SCIENTISTS. NO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE. ******************************************** Document 2793 GEOECOLOGY' A COUNTY-LEVEL ENVIRONMENTAL DATABASE FOR THE CONTERMINOUS UNITED STATES. THE GEOECOLOGY DATA BASE REPRESENTS A UNIQUE COMPILATION OF COMPUTERISED ENVIRONMENTAL DATA FOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT NEEDS. IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES DIVISION (ESD) AT OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY (ORNL), HAS BEEN DEVELOPED AN INTEGRATED DATA BASE OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCE INFORMATION FROM EXTANT SOURCES. DATA ARE STORED AT THE COUNTY LEVEL OF RESOLUTION FOR THE UNITED STATES WITH SOME DATA AVAILABLE FOR SUBCOUNTY UNITS WITHIN LARGER, MORE DIVERSE EASTERN COUNTIES. THE GEOECOLOGY DATA BASE CONTAINS SELECTED DATA ON TERRAIN AND SOILS, WATER RESOURCES, FORESTRY, VEGETATION, AGRICULTURE, LAND USE, WILDLIFE, AIR QUALITY, CLIMATE, NATURAL AREAS, AND ENDANGERED SPECIES. BASIC FILES ON HUMAN POPULATION ARE ALSO INCLUDED TO COMPLEMENT THE ENVIRONMENTAL FILES. ******************************************** Document 2794 DEVELOPING A FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR LOCAL GOVERNMENTS' THE KEY ISSUES. A SYMPOSIUM TO DISCUSS THE KEY ISSUES LOCAL GOVERNMENTS MUST CONSIDER IN DEVELOPING A COMPUTER-BASED FINANCIAL INFORMATION SYSTEM, INCLUDING SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE, WAS HELD AT CLEVELAND STATE UNIVERSITY IN OHIO. ITS PRIMARY FOCUS WAS TO ASSIST THE CITY OF CLEVELAND WHICH WAS IN THE MIDST OF PLANNING A MAJOR REVISION OF ITS SYSTEM. ******************************************** Document 2795 THE MAIN RESULTS OF THE RESEARCH PROJECT OF THE AUTOMATION OF THE CZECHOSOVAK STI SYSTEM AS REPRESENTED IN THE SUTZ SYSTEM WITHIN THE STATE INFORMATION POLICY PROGRAMME FOR YEARS 1976-1980. A SURVEY OF THE MOST IMPORTANT RESULTS OF A 5-YEAR RESEARCH PROJECT ON THE CZECHOSLOVAK UNIFIED AUTOMATED SYSTEM OF PROCESSING AND DISSEMINATION OF STI IN CONNECTION WITH AUTOMATED MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER-ASSISTED STI SYSTEMS FROM ABROAD. THE GLOBAL TOPIC IS DIVIDED INTO SEVERAL SECTIONS, SUCH AS SYSTEMS AND DESIGN TOOLS (INCLUDING METHODOLOGY); STANDARDS AND UNIFIED TECHNOLOGIES OF COMPUTER AND REPROGRAPHIC INFORMATION PROCESSING; APPLIED SOFTWARE FOR STI; AND THE APPLICATION OF UNIFIED MEANS IN CZECHOSLOVAK BRANCH AND SPECIALIZED STI SYSTEMS. RESEARCH PROJECTS CONCERNING THE AUTOMATIC PROCESSING OF NATURAL TEXTS IN CZECH ARE ALSO SURVEYED. ******************************************** Document 2796 COMPUTERISED INFORMATION SERVICES. MENTIONS THE IMPORTANCE OF COMPUTERS AND DESCRIBES LEADING INFORMATION SERVIES PROVIDED FROM COMPUTERISED DATA BASES IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. DISCUSSES THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INDIAN NATIONAL INFORMATION SYSTEM IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (NISSAT). SUGGESTS THAT INSDOC AND ICSSR SHOULD PROVIDE COMPUTER-BASED INFORMATION SERVICES TO SCIENTISTS, ENGINEERS AND SOCIAL SCIENTISTS ENGAGED IN RESEARCH. APPENDIX 1 INCLUDES A LIST OF CONTACTS FOR GENERAL ON-LINE ACCESS. ******************************************** Document 2797 IMPROVEMENT OF ACCESS TO DOD SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION. (2 REPORTS). THE QUESTION OF THE VALUE OF INFORMATION IS PARTIALLY ADDRESSED IN THIS REPORT, BUT A DEFINITIVE ANSWER IS NOT FOUND. THE ATTITUDE OF CLASSIFIED USERS IS THAT THE INFORMATION THEY RECEIVE IS WELL WORTH ITS PRESENT COSTS. FOR THIS REASON, A COMPLETELY UNCLASSIFIED ON-LINE SYSTEM IS NOT RECOMMENDED AS A RESULT OF THIS STUDY. ******************************************** Document 2798 ESUSA' US ENDANGERED SPECIES DISTRIBUTION FILE. DESCRIBES A FILE CONTAINING DISTRIBUTION DATA ON ENDANGERED SPECIES OF THE USA. INCLUDED FOR EACH SPECIES ARE THE COMMON NAME, THE SCIENTIFIC NAME, THE FAMILY, THE GROUP (MAMMAL, BIRD, ETC.), FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE (FWS) LISTING AND RECOVERY PRIORITIES, THE FEDERAL LEGAL STATUS, THE GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION BY COUNTIES OR ISLANDS, FEDERAL REGISTER CITATIONS AND THE SOURCES OF THE INFORMATION ON DISTRIBUTION OF THE SPECIES. ******************************************** Document 2799 QUANTUM CHEMISTRY LITERATURE DATA BASE. THE QUANTUM CHEMISTRY LITERATURE DATA BASE (QCLDB) CONTAINS LITERATURE CONCERNING COMPUTATIONS OF ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR ELECTRONIC STRUCTURES. APPROXIMATELY 2000 LITERATURE REFERENCES PUBLISHED FROM JAN 77 TO JUNE 79 HAVE BEEN COLLECTED FROM 19 INTERNATIONALLY WELL-KNOWN CORE JOURNALS. KEYS TO REFERENCES ARE COMPUTATIONAL METHODS, BASIS SETS, AND CALCULATED PROPERTIES AND PRINTOUT IS BY AUTHOR AND COMPOUND INDEXES. ******************************************** Document 2800 EVALUATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF TOPOLOGICAL CODES FOR ONLINE COMPOUND SEARCH AND REGISTRATION. A TOPOLOGICAL SEARCH CODE HAS BEEN FOUND TO HAVE HIGH DISCRIMINATORY POWER WITHIN LARGE SETS OF DISPARATE STRUCTURES. THE TECHNIQUE HAS BEEN IMPLEMENTED IN A PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY'S COMPUTERISED CHEMICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM, FOR INTERACTIVE REGISTRATION AND STRUCTURE SEARCH. ******************************************** Document 2801 PRINCIPLES OF CREATING A LOGICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH. DISCUSSES THE PRINCIPLES OF CREATING A COMPUTERISED DATA BASE FOR THE ANALYSIS, MANIPULATION, AND APPLICATION OF DATA OBTAINED BY MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION. ******************************************** Document 2802 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT DATA SYSTEMS USER GUIDE' PROJECT PROFILE SYSTEM. THE REPORT IS A USER GUIDE TO THE PROJECT PROFILE SYSTEM (PPS), A COMPUTERISED DATA BASE ON PROJECTS OF VARIOUS TYPES THAT PERTAIN TO SPECIFIC INDUSTRIAL CATEGORIES. PPS IS 1 OF 5 DATA BASES WHICH ARE COMPONENTS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT DATA SYSTEMS (EADS), DESIGNED TO AID RESEARCHERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, EMISSIONS CHARACTERISATION, AND CONTROL TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT. ******************************************** Document 2803 AUTOMATED MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS. JANUARY, 1975-SEPTEMBER, 1981 (CITATIONS FROM THE INTERNATIONAL INFORMATION SERVICE FOR THE PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING COMMUNITIES DATA BASE). CITATIONS IN THIS BIBLIOGRAPHY COVER THE DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, METHODOLOGY, OPERATION, AND VARIOUS APPLICATIONS OF AUTOMATED MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS. ******************************************** Document 2804 A MICROPROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE FOR BIBLIOGRAPHIC RETRIEVAL SYSTEM. FEATURES OF A MICROPROCESSOR BASED ARCHITECTURE FOR BIBLIOGRAPHIC RETRIEVAL SYSTEM ARE ILLUSTRATED. THE PROPOSED SYSTEM CONSISTS OF THE FOLLOWING 3 FUNCTIONAL BLOCKS: THE 'QUERY PROCESSOR', THE 'SIMPLE QUERY EXECUTERS' AND THE 'ANSWER COMPOSER'. THE QUERY PROCESSOR PARSES THE QUERIES AND BREAKS THE COMPLEX QUERY INTO SIMPLE QUERIES. EACH SIMPLE QUERY EXECUTER IS ABLE TO PERFORM THE OPERATIONS SATISFYING A SIMPLE QUERY. FINALLY, THE ANSWER COMPOSER PUTS TOGETHER THE RESULTS OF ALL SIMPLE QUERY EXECUTERS AND PRODUCES THE RESPONSE TO THE QUERY ORIGINALLY RAISED. ******************************************** Document 2805 READER EDUCATION IN THE EIGHTIES. REVIEWS SOME FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF READER EDUCATION IN THE UK AND USA, AND DISCUSSES THEIR APPLICATION TO THE AUSTRALIAN SITUATION. CONSIDERS' THE QUESTION OF WHO SHOULD BE RESPONSIBLE FOR READER EDUCATION' THE NEEDS AND EXPECTATIONS OF THE RECIPIENTS; THE RATIONALE FOR READER EDUCATION; ITS METHODS AND CONTENT; AND THE TIMING AND DURATION OF PROGRAMMES. OUTLINES SOME POSSIBLE FUTURE TRENDS, WHICH INCLUDE THE SETTING OF MORE REALISTIC AND RELEVANT OBJECTIVES, AND THE MORE EFFECTIVE USE OF AUDIO-VISUAL METHODS. ******************************************** Document 2806 REVIEW COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION FOR INFORMATION USE' FINAL REPORT. RESEARCH WAS RECOMMENDED IN THE FOLLOWING AREAS' AN UP-TO-DATE SURVEY OF USER EDUCATION PROGRAMMES IN UK INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER AND FURTHER EDUCATION; CURRENT ACTIVITY OVERSEAS AND INTERNATIONAL INITIATIVES, INCLUDING A REPORT ON THE STATE-OF-THE-ART IN THE USA; THE INTEGRATION OF USER EDUCATION WITH SUBJECT TEACHING; USER EDUCATION IN SCHOOLS; USER EDUCATION FOR THOSE OUTSIDE THE FORMAL EDUCATION SYSTEM; THE ROLE OF SCHOOLS OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION STUDIES; TEACHING LIBRARIANS TO TEACH; EDUCATION IN COMMUNICATION SKILLS; EDUCATION TECHNOLOGY AND USER EDUCATION; EDUCATION IN THE USE OF ON-LINE RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS. ******************************************** Document 2807 REFORM AND RENEWAL IN HIGHER EDUCATION' IMPLICATIONS FOR LIBRARY INSTRUCTION. PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE 9TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON LIBRARY ORIENTATION FOR ACADEMIC LIBRARIES, EASTERN MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY, 3-4 MAY 79. PAPERS DEAL WITH A WIDE RANGE OF TOPICS, INCLUDING CURRICULUM CHANGE IN THE COMMUNITY COLLEGE, BUDGETS FOR LIBRARY INSTRUCTION, AND PRACTICAL SUGGESTIONS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION AND PROMOTION OF LIBRARY INSTRUCTION. ******************************************** Document 2808 USER EDUCATION' ITS APPLICATIONS IN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN MALAYSIA. (MLS THESIS.) A STUDY OF THE FEASIBILITY OF LIBRARY USER EDUCATION PROGRAMMES IN MALAYSIAN UNIVERSITIES ADAPTED FROM UK UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES. OUTLINES THE 5 MALAYSIAN UNIVERSITY CURRICULUM AND TEACHING STYLES. LIBRARY USER EDUCATION MUST BE RELEVANT AND BLEND WITH THE CURRICULUM PATTERNS TO MEET STUDENTS' NEEDS FOR INFORMATION. ******************************************** Document 2809 POSSIBILITIES OF LITERATURE SUPPLY FOR THE TRAINING OF PHARMACISTS. WITHOUT KNOWLEDGE ON LITERATURE USAGE, UNIVERSITY-ACQUIRED KNOWLEDGE WILL GRADUALLY VANISH. SINCE THESIS PRESENTATION AT A FACULTY OF PHARMACOLOGY IS ONLY NECESSARY FOR A PHD, TASKS MUST BE ASSIGNED WHICH REQUIRE A CERTAIN EXPERTISE IN SPECIAL LITERATURE. 1 OR 2 SESSIONS ARE INADEQUATE TO TEACH THESE SKILLS, AND LECTURES CAN ONLY BE INFLUENTIAL IF A GOOD LIBRARY IS AVAILABLE TO STUDENTS. THE FACULTY OF PHARMACOLOGY AT SZEGED HAS AN EXCELLENT LIBRARY, WHEREAS THE BUDAPEST FACULTY HAS NO REAL, UP-TO-DATE LIBRARY. A SOLUTION IS EXPECTED IN THE NEAR FUTURE. ******************************************** Document 2810 QUESTION MARKS SURROUNDING THE CURRENT BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL OF FOREIGN PUBLISHED HUNGARICA LITERATURE. DESCRIBES THE CURRENT BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL OF FOREIGN PUBLISHED HUNGARICA LITERATURE IN BOTH HUNGARIAN AND FOREIGN LANGUAGES COMMENCING WITH HUNGARIKA KULFOLDI FOLYOIRATSZEMLE (HUNGARICA FOREIGN PERIODICALS REVIEW) IN 1970. BOOKS HAVE ONLY BEEN REGISTERED SINCE 1977. IN ITS PRESENT FORM, BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL UNDERTAKES MORE THAN IT CAN RELIABLY PERFORM. THE FUNCTION OF SUCH BIBLIOGRAPHY IS NOT CLEAR AND USER DEMANDS DO NOT APPEAR TO BE MET. ******************************************** Document 2811 JOURNALS IN LIBRARIES. THERE HAVE ALWAYS BEEN PROBLEMS CONNECTED WITH JOURNAL COLLECTIONS IN LIBRARIES. COLLECTIONS WERE OFTEN INCOMPLETE, UNSUITABLY STORED AND OFTEN IMPOSSIBLE TO LOCATE OWING TO INCOMPLETE CATALOGUING. 1 IMPROVEMENT WAS THE INTRODUCTION OF MICROFILM WHICH WAS EASIER TO STORE AND MEANT THAT ORIGINAL JOURNAL COPIES COULD BE STORED IN THE ARCHIVES AND NOT DAMAGED BY CONTINUAL USE. THE ASSOCIATION OF GERMAN LIBRARIANS' COMMISSION FOR JOURNALS HAS PUBLISHED IMPORTANT MATERIAL DEALING WITH THE BEST WAYS OF STORING AND CATALOGUING JOURNAL COLLECTIONS AND COOPERATIVE FILMING WITH OTHER LIBRARIES. AN IMPORTANT AID TO LOCATING JOURNALS IS GERD HAGELWEIDE'S LOCATION CATALOGUE DEUTSCHE ZEITUNGSBESTANDE IN BIBLIOTHEKEN UND ARCHIVEN (GERMAN JOURNAL COLLECTIONS IN LIBRARIES AND ARCHIVES). THE PUBLICATION OF REGIONAL JOURNAL CATALOGUES IN WESTPHALIA, BERLIN, HESSE AND WURTEMBERG HAS HELPED TO IMPROVE LENDING SYSTEMS IN THESE AREAS. ******************************************** Document 2812 BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL OF MICROFORMS' SUGGESTIONS FOR IMPROVED LOCAL ACCESS. PROVIDING COMPLETE ANALYTICS FOR MICROFORM COLLECTIONS IS MORE THE IDEAL RATHER THAN THE REALITY FOR MOST LIBRARIES. EVEN WITH PARTIALLY ANALYSED COLLECTIONS, HOWEVER, LIBRARIES CAN IMPROVE ACCESS AND PUBLICISE THE EXTENT OF THEIR HOLDINGS THROUGH A NUMBER OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC AIDS. THESE AIDS INCLUDE LABELLING MICROFORM BIBLIOGRAPHIES, PLACING PLASTIC OVERLAYS ON CATALOGUE CARDS, ANNOTATING SHORT TITLE CATALOGUES, AND COMPILING GUIDEBOOKS TO MAJOR MICROFORM COLLECTIONS. ******************************************** Document 2813 BIBLIOGRAPHICAL CONTROL' A BRITISH VIEW. A FAMILIAR AND CONTINUING PROBLEM IN UK LIBRARIES IS THE UNDERUTILISATION OF MICROFORM HOLDINGS, BIBLIOGRAPHIC INFORMATION FOR WHICH IS NOT INTEGRATED IN THE LIBRARY CATALOGUE. DISCUSSES THIS IN THE LIGHT OF THE APPEARANCE AND GROWTH OF COOPERATIVE REGIONAL NETWORKS; SUGGESTS THAT THE EMERGING SYSTEM MAY FORM THE BASE FOR THE MANIPULATION AND SHARING OF FULL MICROFORM ANALYTICS; AND OFFERS SOME PROVOCATIVE COMMENTS ON RECENT US EFFORTS TOWARD PROVIDING MICROFORMS WITH FULL BIBLIOGRAPHIC INFORMATION. ******************************************** Document 2814 SOURCEBOOK OF EXTANT DATA BASES ON DEVELOPMENTALLY DISABLED CHILDREN UP TO SIX YEARS OF AGE. A DIRECTORY OF DATA BASES ON DEVELOPMENTALLY DISABLED CHILDREN UNDER 6 YEARS OF AGE CONTAINING DESCRIPTIVE SUMMARIES OF DATA BASE FORM AND CONTENT AS WELL AS INFORMATION ON THEIR ACQUISITION AND RETRIEVAL. IT IDENTIFIES KEY SOURCES OF DATA AVAILABLE FROM FEDERAL AGENCIES, SELECTED STATES, AND NATIONAL ORGANISATIONS ON DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CLIENT AND TARGET POPULATIONS, SERVICE UTILISATION AND DELIVERY, MEDICAL AND OTHER RESOURCES, AND PROGRAMME FUNDING AND BUDGETING. ******************************************** Document 2815 STUDIES FOR A BRITISH REGISTER OF CURRENT RESEARCH IN THE SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY. REPORTS THE RESULTS OF 3 YEARS STUDY AT SOUTHAMPTON UNIVERSITY. THE ATTITUDES OF UNIVERSITY RESEARCH WORKERS, GOVERNMENT ORGANISATIONS, LEARNED SOCIETIES, CHARITIES, COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY WERE STUDIED BY INTERVIEW, STRUCTURED SEMINARS AND POSTAL QUESTIONNAIRES. CONCLUDES THAT ALL UNIVERSITY RESEARCH WORKERS AND MANY MEMBERS OF ALL THE OTHER CLASSES OF ORGANISATION STUDIED NEED TO MAINTAIN AN UP-TO-DATE KNOWLEDGE OF RESEARCH WORK IN PROGRESS AND THIS IS TRUE OF ALL DISCIPLINES. A MAJORITY OF THE NEEDS EXPRESSED WOULD BE MET BY THE PUBLICATION OF A SUCCESSOR TO THE BRITISH LIBRARY PUBLICATION 2SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN BRITISH UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES1 WITH AS WIDE A BASE AS POSSIBLE OF RESEARCH ORGANISATIONS, WITH MINOR EDITORIAL CHANGES AND A MAJOR IMPROVEMENT IN PUBLISHING TIME-LAG. ******************************************** Document 2816 THE COMBINED USE OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC COUPLING AND COCITATION FOR DOCUMENT RETRIEVAL. A LINKAGE SIMILARITY MEASURE WHICH TAKES INTO ACCOUNT BOTH THE BIBLIOGRAPHIC COUPLING OF DOCUMENTS AND THEIR COCITATIONS (BOTH CITED AND CITING PAPERS) PRODUCED IMPROVED DOCUMENT RETRIEVAL OVER A MEASURE BASED ONLY ON BIBLIOGRAPHIC COUPLING. THE TEST COLLECTION CONSISTED OF 1,712 PAPERS WHOSE RELEVANCE TO SPECIFIC QUERIES HAD BEEN JUDGED BY USERS. OVERALL, THE CHANGE FROM THE BIBLIOGRAPHIC COUPLING MEASURE TO THE LINKAGE SIMILARITY MEASURE, REPRESENTING THE INTRODUCTION OF COCITATION DATA, RESULTED IN BETTER RETRIEVAL PERFORMANCE. ******************************************** Document 2817 PHARMACEUTICAL INFORMATION SERVICES ON THE BASIS OF THE DERWENT SYSTEM. OUTLINES THE INFORMATION SERVICES OFFERED TO MEDICAL LIBRARIANS BY THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY-CENTRAL PATENT INDEX, ALERTING BULLETINS, FARMDOC, BASIC ABSTRACTING JOURNALS, COMPLETE SPECIFICATIONS, INDEX TERM DEFINITIONS, AND THE CUMULATIVE TRIAL PREPARATIONS LIST. ******************************************** Document 2818 CLASSIFICATION OF CONNECTORS AND INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS OF AUTOMATIC ABSTRACTING. CONSIDERS HOW TO CREATE AN INTERACTIVE SYSTEM OF AUTOMATIC ABSTRACTING IN WHICH USERS: INQUIRIES CONCERNING VARIOUS ASPECTS OF DOCUMENT CONTENTS (RESULTS OF WORK, METHODOLOGY, EXAMPLES, ETC.) CAN BE ANSWERED. OFFERS A METHOD OF AUTOMATIC 'QUESTIONNAIRE-ASPECT' ABSTRACTING IN WHICH ASPECTS ARE REPRESENTED BY 'CONNECTEDNESS INDICATORS' (SUCH AS PARENTHESES, CONJUNCTIONS, PRONOUNS, AND REITERATIONS) WHICH REFLECT SEMANTIC AND LOGICAL-SEMANTIC LINKS BETWEEN THE SENTENCES OF A CONNECTED TEXT. ******************************************** Document 2819 INFORMATION FLOW BETWEEN PRIMARY JOURNALS AND SECONDARY SERVICES IN THE BIOLOGICAL FIELD, PARTS I AND II. AN INTERNATIONAL STUDY WAS INITIATED BY THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION OF EDITORS OF BIOLOGICAL PERIODICALS (ELSE) TO DEVELOP STANDARD GUIDELINES FOR ABSTRACTS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF BIOLOGICAL PAPER, IN ORDER TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF ABSTRACTS IN PRIMARY JOURNALS AND FACILITATE THEIR USE BY SECONDARY SERVICES. AS A PRELIMINARY STEP, A QUALITATIVE EVALUATION OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA AND ABSTRACT PRESENTATION AND CONTENT WAS CARRIED OUT ON A REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE OF 240 JOURNALS. DATA ARE PRESENTED ON THE COUNTRY AND LANGUAGE OF PUBLICATION; AUTHORS' ADDRESSES; BIBLIOGRAPHIC ANNOTATIONS; CATEGORIES AND TYPES OF PAPERS; INCLUSION OF KEYWORDS; USE OF SUB-HEADINGS; POSITION OF ABSTRACTS; QUALITY OF ABSTRACTS; LENGTH OF PAPERS AND ABSTRACTS; PROVISION AND QUALITY OF TRANSLATED ABSTRACTS. IN ADDITION, A SURVEY WAS MADE OF THE INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS ISSUED BY THE 240 JOURNAL EDITORS, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO INSTRUCTIONS ON WRITING ABSTRACTS. ******************************************** Document 2820 AN APPROACH TOWARD FUNCTIONAL TEXT STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS. A STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF TEXTS IS PRESENTED AS A PART OF A SEMANTIC METHOD FOR REPRESENTING SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS. 4 CONCEPTS OF THEME, METHOD, RESULT AND DISCUSSION ARE SELECTED AND A MODEL SET OF 'FUNCTIONAL PATTERNS' CONSISTING OF META-TERMS IN EACH SENTENCE OF THE ABSTRACT IS PREPARED. A PRELIMINARY COMPUTER EXPERIMENT PRODUCED A PATTERN MATCHING PROCEDURE IDENTIFYING THE INFORMATION FUNCTION FOR EACH SENTENCE OF THE ABSTRACT BASED ON THE MODEL SET. THE RESULTS ARE EXAMINED AND DISCUSSED IN TERMS OF REPRODUCIBILITY OF THE MODEL SET AND EFFECTIVENESS OF THE PROCEDURE FOR THE OTHER DATA SETS. ******************************************** Document 2821 REFERENCE MATERIALS IN A TELEPHONE REFERENCE SERVICE' A MODEL FOR TELEREFERENCE. PRESENTS A DESCRIPTION OF A TELEPHONE REFERENCE SERVICE AND THE REFERENCE MATERIALS USED IN ANSWERING PATRONS' QUERIES. THE DISCUSSION FOCUSES ON THE APPLICATION OF THE EXPERIENCE OF TELEPHONE REFERENCE LIBRARIANS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTERISED SYSTEMS SUCH AS TELEREFERENCE. IT IS SUGGESTED THAT SELECTION OF INFORMATION SOURCES TO INCLUDE DATA BASES WOULD BE FACILITATED BY AN EXAMINATION OF REFERENCE MATERIALS CURRENTLY USED IN READY-REFERENCE SERVICES. ******************************************** Document 2822 RECOMMENDED LIST INFORMATION SUPPLY IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES-A CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION WORK. AT A COLLOQUIUM OF THE LIBRARY ASSOCIATION OF EAST GERMANY WHICH TOOK PLACE ON 27-28 OCT 76 IN EISENHUTTENSTADT ONE OF THE THEMES WAS THE EFFICIENCY OF INFORMATION WORK IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE AIMS IN THIS FIELD. PUBLIC LIBRARIES SHOULD USE THE RECOMMENDED LIST OF REFERENCE BOOKS AND INFORMATION LITERATURE PUBLISHED BY THE CENTRAL INSTITUTE OF LIBRARIANSHIP AS A BASIS TO IMPROVE THEIR INFORMATION ACTIVITY. THIS LIST INCLUDES ALL GENERAL REFERENCE LITERATURE SUCH AS ENCYCLOPAEDIAS, DICTIONARIES, STATUTES, AND THE WORKS OF MARX, ENGELS AND LENIN. IT IS ALSO IMPORTANT TO KEEP THE COLLECTION OF INFORMATION MATERIAL UP TO DATE WITH CURRENT PARLIAMENTARY REPORTS, CONFERENCE REPORTS, AND TERRITORIAL LITERATURE SUCH AS TOWN GUIDES AND OTHER MAPS. TRADE UNION LITERATURE SHOULD ALSO BE AVAILABLE IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES. LIBRARIANS SHOULD IMPROVE INFORMATION ACTIVI TIES TO MEET THE RAISED LEVEL OF USER DEMAND IN THIS FIELD. ******************************************** Document 2823 THE DIMENSIONS OF THE REFERENCE INTERVIEW. MANY INTERVIEWING TECHNIQUES AND APPROACHES USEFUL IN THE REFERENCE INTERVIEW HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED FOR OTHER PURPOSES, SUCH AS FOR SURVEY RESEARCH OR THERAPY. DEVELOPS A CONCEPTUAL BASE FOR ANALYSING INTERVIEWING LITERATURE FOR ITS USEFULNESS TO THE REFERENCE INTERVIEW BY IDENTIFYING 4 DIMENSIONS OF THE REFERENCE INTERVIEW' STRUCTURE, COHERENCE, PACE, AND LENGTH. THE FACTORS AFFECTING EACH DIMENSION ARE DISCUSSED. ******************************************** Document 2824 THE SERIALS DEPARTMENT'S RESPONSIBILITIES FOR REFERENCE. THE COMPLEXITY OF REFERENCE IN THE SERIALS DEPARTMENT IS DISCUSSED WITH EXAMPLES FROM A USER ORIENTATION. SOLUTIONS TO THE PROBLEM OF HOW TO PROVIDE GOOD SERIALS SERVICE ARE GIVEN WITH RELATION TO STAFFING THE SERIALS REFERENCE DESK AND TRAINING PERSONNEL. THE BENEFITS OF IMPROVING SERIALS REFERENCE ARE DISCUSSED AS WELL AS THE BENEFITS DERIVING FROM COOPERATION WITH THE GENERAL REFERENCE DEPARTMENT. ******************************************** Document 2825 THE UNION OF THE MUSES. UST'-ILIMSK BEGAN AN EXPERIMENT IN CREATING AESTHETIC EDUCATION CENTRES, (AEC), IN 30 SCHOOLS IN 1978. AT THESE AEC, CHILDREN PLAYED, HEARD MUSIC, READ, LOOKED AT PICTURES IN A 3-YEAR AESTHETIC EDUCATION PROGRAMME, INVOLVING MEETING ARTISTS, MUSICIANS, AND CHILDREN'S LIBRARIANS AFTER SCHOOL. THE 1ST YEAR COMPRISED' MUSICAL EDUCATION, ART, LIBRARY AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC KNOWLEDGE. THE 2ND YEAR INCLUDED' RUSSIAN FOLK ART, WHERE THE CHILDREN COMPILED STORIES, LEARNT ABOUT FOLK FESTIVALS AND DANCES, DREW THEIR FAVOURITE HEROES. IN THE EXPERIMENTAL CLASSES CHILDREN LEARN WELL, ARE MORE CONFIDENT IN CLASS, MORE ORGANISED AND HAVE A RICHER VOCABULARY. ALL ARE LIBRARY READERS. RESULTS SHOW THE NEED TO INTRODUCE THIS PROGRAMME TO 1ST-FORMERS IN ALL UST'-ILIMSK SCHOOLS. ******************************************** Document 2826 BOOKTALK! BOOKTALKING AND SCHOOL VISITING FOR YOUNG ADULT AUDIENCES. DETAILED GUIDE TO THE PREPARATION AND PRESENTATION OF BOOKTALKS TO YOUNG ADULT AUDIENCES, WITH A LARGE SELECTION OF BOOKTALKS INCLUDED. ******************************************** Document 2827 FILM-SHOWS AND LIBRARIES. FOLLOWING A REQUEST BY HORDALAND COUNTY LIBRARY, DELEGATES FROM THE NORWEGIAN STATE FILM CENTRE, THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF MUNICIPAL CINEMATOGRAPHERS, AND THE STATE LIBRARY OFFICE DISCUSSED FILM-SHOWS AS PART OF LIBRARY SERVICE. LIBRARIES, LIKE LOCAL AUTHORITIES AND CULTURAL COMMITTEES, CAN OBTAIN PERMISSION FOR FILM-SHOWS, CERTAIN SHORT OR INFORMATIONAL FILMS BEING EXEMPT. COOPERATION BETWEEN LIBRARY AND AUTHORITY MAY INCLUDE EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION, JOINT SHOWS FOR PRESCHOOL CHILDREN, USE OF FILM IN FURTHER EDUCATION, AND SHOWING OF FILMS AND VIDEOTAPES IN LIBRARIES. GOOD CHILDREN'S FILMS ARE IDEAL FOR LIBRARY SHOWING AND CAN BE LINKED WITH BOOKS. NOT ALL LIBRARY PREMISES ARE SUITABLE FOR FILM-SHOWS; THIS FACTOR SHOULD BE CONSIDERED IN PLANNING NEW LIBRARIES. LOAN OF FILMS SHOULD BE ADMINISTERED BY COUNTY LIBRARIES. ALL LIBRARIES SHOULD HAVE FILM CATALOGUES, POSSIBLY DISTRIBUTED BY THE STATE LIBRARY OFFICE. THE ASSOCIATION OF CINEMATOGRAPHERS HOPE TO PURCHASE SEVERAL SETS OF APPARATUS FOR USE IN SELECTED AREAS. ******************************************** Document 2828 CENTRALISED BOOK DISTRIBUTION-A TOPIC OF THE DAY. A STRONG PLEA FOR ESTABLISHING A NEW, CENTRALISED ENTERPRISE TO SUPPLY LIBRARIES, ESPECIALLY PUBLIC LIBRARIES, WITH LITERATURE AND UP-TO-DATE EQUIPMENT. ENTERPRISE OF THAT KIND HAD BEEN ENVISAGED ALREADY IN THE STATUTE FOR THE NATIONAL NETWORK OF LIBRARIES IN BULGARIA. SIMILAR ORGANISATIONS HAVE BEEN IN OPERATION IN OTHER SOCIALIST COUNTRIES. THEY ARE OF INVALUABLE ASSISTANCE TO LIBRARIANS, IN PARTICULAR THOSE IN SMALL LIBRARIES, WHO VERY OFTEN LACK THE NECESSARY QUALIFICATIONS IN LIBRARIANSHIP AND WORK ONLY PART-TIME. BOOKS ARE SELECTED, PURCHASED AND DISTRIBUTED TO LIBRARIES ALMOST IMMEDIATELY AFTER THEY HAVE BEEN PUBLISHED, THE CATALOGUE CARDS WITH APPROPRIATE ANNOTATIONS BEING DELIVERED AT THE SAME TIME. THUS, NEW ACQUISITIONS ARE SELECTED EXPERTLY TO MAINTAIN THE PROPER RATIO BETWEEN POLITICAL, FICTIONAL AND SPECIAL MATERIAL. LIBRARIANS ARE BY THESE MEANS RELIEVED OF THE TEDIOUS AND TIME-CONSUMING TASK OF CATALOGUING, AND CAN DEVOTE MORE TIME TO THEIR READERS, TO THEIR IDEOLOGICAL EDUCATION AND TO PROFESSIONAL ADVANCEMENT. ******************************************** Document 2829 ACQUISITION AND COMPUTERIZED PROCESSING OF TECHNICAL REPORTS IN THE LIBRARY OF THE CENTRAL PHYSICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF THE HUNGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. IN 1977 THE LIBRARY OF THE CENTRAL PHYSICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF THE HUNGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES COMPUTERISED THE PROCESSING SYSTEM FOR ITS COLLECTION OF RESEARCH REPORTS. THE 1ST STAGE IS THE SELECTION OF MATERIAL RECEIVED; THIS IS FOLLOWED BY CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO THE INIS SCHEME. DATA RECORDING IS CARRIED OUT BY A DIRECT DATA INPUT SYSTEM. VARIOUS OUTPUTS CAN BE REQUESTED-ACCESSION LISTS, AUTHOR, CLASSIFIED AND REPORT NUMBER CATALOGUES. ******************************************** Document 2830 WHAT PRICE INDEPENDENCE. A HISTORICAL OUTLINE OF THE AUTOMATION OF DERBYSHIRE COUNTY LIBRARIES (UK) SINCE LOCAL GOVERNMENT REORGANISATION IN 1974. THE ORIGINAL MAINFRAME-BASED BOOK ORDERING AND CATALOGUING SYSTEM WAS THE SAME READY-MADE SYSTEM USED BY CHESHIRE COUNTY LIBRARIES. THE PRESENT SYSTEM HAS BEEN DEVELOPED WITH AUTOMATED LIBRARY SYSTEMS USING A PRIME 550 MINICOMPUTER ON-LINE FOR TECHNICAL PROCESSES AND SERVICES. DESCRIBES PROBLEMS OF WORKING AS AN INDEPENDENT UNIT. ******************************************** Document 2831 REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON THE FUTURE OF THE RUTGERS BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD. REPORT OF A COMMITTEE CONVENED TO EXAMINE ALTERNATIVES AND RECOMMEND PROCEDURES BY WHICH THE RUTGERS UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES WOULD PROVIDE ACCESS TO THEIR COLLECTIONS, EXAMINING CURRENT PRACTICES FOR BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL, AND RECOMMENDING ECONOMICALLY FEASIBLE SYSTEMS THAT WOULD BE COMPATIBLE WITH AACR2 AND BE EASILY UTILISED BY LIBRARY STAFF AND USERS. ******************************************** Document 2832 STATISTICS ON HEADINGS IN THE MARC FILE. THE STATISTICS PROVIDE INFORMATION ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF HEADINGS IN THE L.C. MARC 2 FILE AND THE EXPECTED SIZES AND GROWTH RATES OF VARIOUS SUBSETS OF AUTHORITY FILES. THE INFORMATION IS TO BE USED TO ASSIST IN MAKING DECISIONS CONCERNING THE CONTENTS OF AUTHORITY FILES FOR DIFFERENT AUTHORITY FILES FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF HEADINGS AND THE FREQUENCY OF UPDATE FOR VARIOUS SUBSETS. ******************************************** Document 2833 ACQUISITION OF HOMOGENEOUS PERIODICAL LITERATURE IN A SPECIALIST LIBRARY' COST EFFECTIVENESS. IDENTIFIES THE NEED TO ACQUIRE LITERATURE IN THE INTERACTIVE SUBJECTS OF THE CENTRAL SUBJECT OF RESEARCH FOCUS IN A RESEARCH ORGANISATION. GIVES A CRITERION TO IDENTIFY THE INTERACTIVE SUBJECTS AND THE METHODS TO ASSIGN WEIGHTS TO THESE SUBJECTS RELATIVE TO THE CENTRAL SUBJECT. THESE WEIGHTINGS DETERMINE THE CUT-OFF POINTS IN THE RANKED LISTS OF THESE SUBJECTS. SUCH A PROCEDURE WOULD GIVE RISE TO A HOMOGENEOUS, COST EFFECTIVE PERIODICAL COLLECTION IN A SPECIALISED RESEARCH ORGANISATION. ******************************************** Document 2834 REVIEWING SLIDES FOR LIBRARY USE. IN THE NETHERLANDS A LIBRARIAN RESPONSIBLE FOR THE ACQUISITION OF SLIDE SERIES FOR HIS LIBRARY MAY RELY FOR HIS SELECTION ON REVIEWS IN THE PROFESSIONAL LITERATURE OR ON THE RECOMMENDED COLLECTIONS OF THE NETHERLANDS BIBLIOTHEEK EN LECTUUR CENTRUM (DUTCH CENTRE FOR LIBRARIES AND LITERATURE). THE LIBRARIAN SHOULD ALSO EXAMINE THE TECHNICAL QUALITY OF THE SLIDE, INCLUDING THE SHARPNESS OF THE IMAGE AND THE ACCURACY OF THE COLOURS. IN ADDITION HE SHOULD EXAMINE THE WAY IN WHICH INFORMATION IS PRESENTED IN THE SLIDES AND THE ACCOMPANYING TEXT. A SERIES OF APPARENTLY UNCONNECTED IMAGES LEAVES THE VIEWER BORED. AT PRESENT TOO MANY SLIDE SERIES ARE OF POOR QUALITY AND LIBRARIANS MUST BE PREPARED TO COMPLAIN TO MANUFACTURERS IN ORDER TO RECTIFY THIS SITUATION. ******************************************** Document 2835 GENERAL CRITERIA APPLIED BY THE VENEZUELAN BANCO DEL LIBRO IN SELECTING BOOKS FOR CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE. THE BANCO DEL LIBRO, A PRIVATE ORGANISATION CONCERNED WITH LIBRARIES AND EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING, DRAWS UP AND DISTRIBUTES A LIST OF RECOMMENDED CHILDREN'S BOOKS. DESCRIBES HOW THE SELECTION DEPARTMENT OBTAINS TITLES FOR SUBMISSION TO THE SELECTION COMMITTEE, AND DISCUSSES THE POINTS CONSIDERED IN EVALUATION' SUITABILITY FOR A PARTICULAR AGE GROUP; AWARENESS OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL REALITIES; THEME AND STYLE; LITERARY QUALITY; VISUAL QUALITY; LAYOUT AND DESIGN; AND ATTITUDES AND VALUES REPRESENTED. IN CONCLUSION THE DIFFICULTIES OF PUBLISHING AND DISTRIBUTING BOOKS IN VENEZUELA ARE BRIEFLY CONSIDERED. ******************************************** Document 2836 COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT POLICY. THIS DETAILED WRITTEN GUIDE OF THE VALDOSTA STATE COLLEGE LIBRARY COORDINATES THE LIBRARY'S COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT POLICIES WITH SPECIFIC TEACHING AND RESEARCH NEEDS OF THE COLLEGE. IT IDENTIFIES SUBJECT SUBDIVISIONS SUPPORTING THE WORK OF THE DEPARTMENTS, GUIDES DAILY BOOK SELECTION, AND PROVIDES GUIDANCE IN THE DUPLICATION OF MATERIALS, LOCATION OF MATERIALS, AND ACCEPTANCE OF GIFTS. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2837 DEATH AND DYING' A GUIDE TO BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SOURCES. RECENTLY, A SPATE OF LITERATURE ON DEATH AND DYING HAS RAISED PHILOSOPHICAL, SOCIAL, MORAL, ETHICAL, AND LEGAL QUESTIONS. PRESENTS AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY DETAILING SOURCES THROUGH WHICH THIS NEW LITERATURE MAY BE APPROACHED, SORTED OUT, AND, TO SOME DEGREE, EVALUATED. ******************************************** Document 2838 TOWARDS A PERIODICAL AND MONOGRAPH PRICE INDEX. EXAMINES THE VARIOUS STEPS AND INTRICACIES INVOLVED IN TAILORING A PERIODICAL AND MONOGRAPH PRICE INDEX TO A UNIVERSITY LIBRARY AND LOOKS AT ISSUES LIBRARIANS ARE WRESTLING WITH IN AN ATTEMPT TO BALANCE THEIR ACQUISITION BUDGETS. DESCRIBES THE DIFFICULTIES INVOLVED IN APPLYING A SIMPLE METHODOLOGY SUCH AS A PRICE INDEX WHEN A DATA BASE IS NOT GEARED TO ACTIVE DECISION-MAKING. PRESENTS FINDINGS RELATED TO THE SHIFTING OF FUNDS FROM BOOKS TO PERIODICALS, THE PRICE-INCREASE DIFFERENTIAL BETWEEN DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN TITLES, AND PRICES PAID BY THE LIBRARY AND THOSE ADVERTISED BY PUBLISHERS. ******************************************** Document 2839 ON THE HANDLING OF DEPOSITORY COPIES. ON 5 DEC 78 THE GERMAN LIBRARY (DEUTSCHE BIBLIOTHEK) HELD A COLLOQUIUM CONCERNING THE SUPPLY OF DEPOSITORY COPIES OF MATERIAL TO LIBRARIES IN WEST GERMANY. THE LAWS GOVERNING DEPOSITORY COPIES WERE CRITICISED AS BEING TOO VARIED AND INEXACT, DEMANDS WERE MADE FOR STRICTER LAWS TO COVER ALL TYPES OF MATERIAL OF VALUE AS DEPOSITORY COPIES. MORE LIBRARY POSTS FOR STAFF DEALING SPECIFICALLY WITH THIS ASPECT OF LIBRARY WORK SHOULD BE CREATED. MOST LIBRARIES CONCENTRATE ON COLLECTING CONVENTIONAL FORMS OF PUBLICATIONS AND TEND TO NEGLECT INNOVATIONS SUCH AS MICROFORMS. ******************************************** Document 2840 REGIONAL DEPOSITORIES IN PERIL' OR THE FUTURE IS NOW. CONTRIBUTION TO A THEMATIC ISSUE ON DEPOSITORY LIBRARY PROGRAMMES FOR GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS. ANALYSES THE INTERPRETATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF KEY PROVISIONS OF THE 1962 US DEPOSITORY LIBRARY ACT. THE ACT CREATED REGIONAL DEPOSITORIES AND ASSIGNED TO THEM RESPONSIBILITY FOR PERMANENT RETENTION OF DEPOSITORY PUBLICATIONS, INTERLIBRARY LOAN AND REFERENCE SERVICES, AND OVERSEEING THE DISCARDING OF PUBLICATIONS BY SELECTIVE DEPOSITORIES. DISCUSSES PROBLEMS FACING THE REGIONAL DEPOSITORIES, INCLUDING THE INCREASING NUMBER OF PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED, LIMITED NUMBER OF STAFF, INSUFFICIENT FINANCIAL SUPPORT, AND THE NEED FOR CONTROLLED GROWTH OF COLLECTIONS. EXAMINES THE CONCEPT OF REGIONAL SERVICE AND A NATIONAL DEPOSITORY LIBRARY AS PROPOSED BY PROPONENTS OF REVISION OF TITLE 44, 2UNITED STATES CODE1. ******************************************** Document 2841 UNITED NATIONS DEPOSITORIES' STATUS AND PROSPECTS. CONTRIBUTION TO A THEMATIC ISSUE ON DEPOSITORY LIBRARY PROGRAMMES FOR GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS. EXPLORES THE VARIETY OF DEPOSITORY ARRANGEMENTS FOR MATERIALS EMANATING FROM INTERNATIONAL GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, CONCENTRATING ON THE UNITED NATIONS PROCEDURES. DISCUSSES THE MERITS AND LIMITATIONS OF SELECTED DEPOSITORY OPERATIONS AND SURVEYS THE EXPERIENCES OF THE LIBRARIANS CONCERNED. FOCUSES ON RECENT DEVELOPMENTS AND MAKES SUGGESTIONS FOR IMPROVING THE UNITED NATIONS PROGRAMME. ******************************************** Document 2842 FEDERAL AND PROVINCIAL DEPOSITORY LIBRARY SYSTEMS FOR GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS IN CANADA. CONTRIBUTION TO A THEMATIC ISSUE ON DEPOSITORY LIBRARY PROGRAMMES FOR GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS. SUMMARISES THE HISTORY AND OUTLINES THE PRESENT STATE OF THE CANADIAN FEDERAL DEPOSITORY SYSTEM, FOCUSING ON DEVELOPMENTS IN THE LATE 1970S. THE 1978-79 CRISIS, IN WHICH MANY CANADIAN LIBRARIES WERE THREATENED WITH THE LOSS OF THEIR DEPOSITORY STATUS, GAVE THE LIBRARY PROFESSION AND THE PUBLIC A HEIGHTENED AWARENESS OF THE SYSTEM AND ITS IMPORTANCE. EXAMINES THE PROVINCIAL DEPOSITORY PROGRAMMES. ******************************************** Document 2843 STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS. CONTRIBUTION TO A THEMATIC ISSUE ON DEPOSITORY LIBRARY PROGRAMMES FOR GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS. REVIEWS US DEPOSITORY PROGRAMMES FOR STATE AND LOCAL PUBLICATIONS AND THE INCREASED INTEREST IN MICROFORMS AND THE INPUT OF RECORDS INTO BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA BASES. FOCUSES ON DISTRIBUTION AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL, NOTING THE EFFORTS OF INDIVIDUAL STATES TO SUPPORT INTER-STATE NETWORKING. ******************************************** Document 2844 PUBLIC ACCESS VIA DEPOSITORY SYSTEM' FEDERAL, STATE, AND LOCAL. CONTRIBUTION TO A THEMATIC ISSUE ON DEPOSITORY LIBRARY PROGRAMMES FOR GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS. EXAMINES PUBLIC ACCESS ACROSS LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT IN THE USA AND NOTES THAT DEPOSITORIES FREQUENTLY DO NOT AFFORD SUCH ACCESS IN A READY MANNER. ANALYSES THE GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE DEPOSITORY PROGRAMME AND MAKES RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ITS RESTRUCTURING. THE NEW STRUCTURE IS OFFERED IN ORDER TO ENCOURAGE FURTHER DISCUSSION ON THE MOST FEASIBLE WAY TO ACHIEVE A NATIONAL POLICY FOR GOVERNMENT INFORMATION, UTILISING MODERN TECHNOLOGY AND INCORPORATING A NATIONAL DEPOSITORY NETWORK. ******************************************** Document 2845 FEDERAL DEPOSITORY LIBRARY SYSTEM. CONTRIBUTION TO A THEMATIC ISSUE ON DEPOSITORY LIBRARY PROGRAMMES FOR GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS. DISCUSSES THE PRESENT AND FUTURE OF THE US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE DEPOSITORY PROGRAMME. EXAMINES THE IMPORTANCE OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND DATA IN COMPUTERISED FORMAT TO THE SURVIVAL AND HEALTH OF THE PROGRAMME. GOVERNMENT AGENCIES ARE CONVERTING MORE EXTENSIVELY TO MICROFICHE PUBLICATION, YET THIS IS A TECHNOLOGY WHICH IS 'ON ITS WAY OUT'. THE PROGRAMME SINCE 1962 AND THE DEPOSITORY LIBRARY ACT HAVE ENCOURAGED COOPERATION AND IMPROVED DOCUMENT DELIVERY CAPABILITIES. DESCRIBES THE ROLE OF THE JOINT COMMITTEE ON PRINTING AND OFFERS SUGGESTIONS FOR IMPROVING PUBLIC ACCESS TO GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS. ******************************************** Document 2846 THE AUSTRALIAN DEPOSITORY LIBRARY SYSTEM FOR GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS. CONTRIBUTION TO A THEMATIC ISSUE ON DEPOSITORY LIBRARY PROGRAMMES FOR GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS. AUSTRALIA HAS NO SUCH PROGRAMME, ALTHOUGH THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT (THROUGH THE AUSTRALIAN GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING SERVICE) DEPOSITS COPIES OF ITS PUBLICATIONS WITH THE STATE LIBRARIES AND OPERATES A 'FREE ISSUE SCHEME' TO 19 UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES. EXAMINES THE AUSTRALIAN EXPERIENCE, THE VALUE OF A DEPOSITORY PROGRAMME, AND ALTERNATIVE STRATEGIES FOR PROVIDING PUBLIC ACCESS TO GOVERNMENT INFORMATION. ******************************************** Document 2847 EXCHANGE OF PUBLICATIONS BETWEEN YUGOSLAV AND SOVIET LIBRARIES AS A FACTOR OF CULTURAL COOPERATION. THE AIM OF THIS STUDY WAS TO FIND OUT THE CURRENT STATE OF THE EXCHANGE OF PUBLICATIONS BETWEEN YUGOSLAV NATIONAL LIBRARIES AND LIBRARIES IN THE USSR. 8 NATIONAL LIBRARIES PARTICIPATED IN THE SURVEY, THE RESULTS OF WHICH ARE ANALYSED. AMONG THE ASPECTS COVERED WERE' THE SOVIET EXCHANGE PARTNERS, SUBJECTS OF PUBLICATIONS EXCHANGED (THE HIGHEST PERCENTAGE IS THAT OF LIBRARIANSHIP LITERATURE FOLLOWED BY HISTORIOGRAPHY, ARTS AND PHILOLOGY, ESPECIALLY SLAVISTICS), AND THE PROPORTION OF EXCHANGES IN RELATION TO THE PURCHASES. ALTHOUGH IN MOST YUGOSLAV LIBRARIES EXCHANGES ARE CARRIED OUT SYSTEMATICALLY ACCORDING TO A PLAN AND WITH REGARD TO THE NEEDS OF EACH LIBRARY, THERE IS A SCOPE FOR IMPROVEMENT IN THE WAY OF COORDINATION ON THE NATIONAL LEVEL. ******************************************** Document 2848 NATIONAL INTERLENDING SYSTEMS' A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EXISTING SYSTEMS AND POSSIBLE MODELS. THIS WORK EVALUATES CURRENT INTERLENDING PRACTICE AND VARIOUS MODELS OF INTERLENDING PROVISION AMONG PARTICIPANTS IN UNESCO. IT OUTLINES THE ELEMENTS NECESSARY IN AN INTERLENDING SYSTEM AND ASSESSES THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY. FACTORS RELEVANT TO THE DESIGN, AND CRITERIA FOR JUDGING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INTERLENDING SYSTEMS ARE PRESENTED. CURRENT PRACTICES ARE SUMMARISED AND IN THE LIGHT OF SUCH INFORMATION, POTENTIAL BASIC AND COMBINED MODELS ARE SUGGESTED. FACTORS TELLING AGAINST EFFICIENT NATIONAL INTERLENDING SYSTEMS ARE ENUMERATED AND THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN NATIONAL INTERLENDING SYSTEMS AND OTHER ELEMENTS REQUIRING NATIONAL POLICY DECISION MAKING ARE IDENTIFIED. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2849 A STUDY OF INTER-LIBRARY LENDING AT THE SUHL DISTRICT RESEARCH LIBRARY. IN THE LAST 3-4 YEARS 5,000 BOOK ORDERS WERE PROCESSED ANNUALLY BY THE SUHL DISTRICT RESEARCH LIBRARY. THESE INCLUDE ALL THE ORDERS WHICH WERE PLACED AT OTHER LIBRARIES IN THE DISTRICT. BETWEEN 40%-50% OF ORDERED BOOKS CAN NOW BE PROVIDED FROM THE LIBRARY STOCK AT THE RESEARCH LIBRARY. THE BOOK STOCK HAS GROWN FROM 25,000 IN 1961 TO 205,000 IN 1979. IN 1966 A WEEKLY COURIER SERVICE WAS INTRODUCED TO IMPROVE INTER-LIBRARY LENDING. THE SUHL COURIER SERVICE OPERATES BETWEEN THE CENTRAL LIBRARY OF GERMAN CLASSICS, WEIMAR, THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, JENA AND BACK TO THE RESEARCH LIBRARY. ON AVERAGE 50% OF BOOKS ORDERED COULD BE SUPPLIED IN UNDER 10 DAYS USING THE COURIER SERVICE. ******************************************** Document 2850 SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL LIBRARIES AND INTERLENDING SCHEMES. SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL LIBRARIES ARE LEADERS IN THE FIELD OF INTERLIBRARY LENDING IN BULGARIA. A SURVEY CARRIED OUT IN 53 SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL LIBRARIES IN THE PERIOD 1977-79 SHOWED AN INCREASE IN INTERLENDING PARTNERS, RANGING ON AVERAGE FROM 6-9, BUT SOME LIBRARIES MAINTAINING CONTACTS WITH 14, 20, OR EVEN 27 COUNTERPARTS. INTERNATIONAL INTERLENDING WAS SLIGHTLY UNDER 10%, AND INTERLENDING FROM CENTRAL REGIONAL LIBRARIES ONLY 5%. THE GREATEST DEMAND WAS FOR PERIODICALS, CATALOGUES AND PATENTS, FOLLOWED BY BOOKS AND TRANSLATIONS. DURING THE SURVEY, LIBRARIANS PUT FORWARD MANY USEFUL SUGGESTIONS FOR IMPROVEMENT, DIRECTED MOST FREQUENTLY AT THE CENTRAL TECHNICAL LIBRARY AND/OR AT THE CYRIL AND METHODIUS NATIONAL LIBRARY. ******************************************** Document 2851 SPEAKING FOR A CINDERELLA' UNPLANNED DECENTRALIZED INTERLENDING. REVISED VERSION OF PART OF A PAPER PRESENTED TO THE INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON NATIONAL DOCUMENT PROVISION, BOSTON SPA, 22-24 SEPT 80. 4 TYPES OF NATIONAL INTERLENDING SYSTEMS HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED. MODELS A, B, AND C REPRESENT PLANNED CENTRALISATION OR DECENTRALISATION. MODEL D IS UNPLANNED DECENTRALISATION. IT OCCURS FREQUENTLY AND, IF THE TIME AND MONEY NECESSARY FOR BETTER MODELS ARE LACKING, AN UPGRADED VERSION CAN BE USED. THE COST OF THE NECESSARY UNION CATALOGUES CAN BE DECREASED BY AUTOMATION. SPEED OF SUPPLY BY AND GOODWILL OF NET LENDERS CAN BE IMPROVED BY COST RECOVERY. ALTERNATIVE METHODS OF PAYMENT SHOULD BE CONSIDERED, INCLUDING A SYSTEM BASED ON AN INTERNATIONAL GUARANTEE FUND. ******************************************** Document 2852 A PLANNED DECENTRALIZED SOLUTION FOR NATIONAL DOCUMENT SUPPLY' THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY. EDITED VERSION OF PAPER PRESENTED AT THE INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON NATIONAL DOCUMENT PROVISION, BOSTON SPA, 22-24 SEPT 80. SUPRAREGIONAL DOCUMENT SUPPLY IS DECENTRALISED IN WEST GERMANY BECAUSE THE POLITICAL FRAMEWORK IS FEDERAL. COORDINATION OF ACQUISITIONS IS ACHIEVED BY THE DEUTSCHE FORSCHUNGSGEMEINSCHAFT, WHICH ORGANISES AND LARGELY FUNDS A COOPERATIVE PROGRAMME BASED ON SPECIAL SUBJECT LIBRARIES (SONDERSAMMELGEBIETSBIBLIOTHEKEN). THE 7 REGIONAL UNION CATALOGUES HAVE BEEN SUPPLEMENTED BY CENTRAL SUBJECT CATALOGUES, THE BERLIN PERIODICALS DATA BASE, AND OTHER UNION CATALOGUING PROJECTS. INTERLENDING IS BASED ON THE 7 REGIONS, BUT DIRECT REQUESTING TO THE SPECIAL SUBJECT LIBRARIES HAS INCREASED SIGNIFICANTLY IN THE SEARCH FOR FASTER SUPPLY TIMES. ******************************************** Document 2853 MANAGEMENT AND ASSESSMENT OF STOCK CONTROL IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES. EXAMINES THE PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH LARGE-SCALE RELEGATION OF BOOKS FROM ACADEMIC LIBRARIES. INDICATORS OF USE AND NON-USE ARE DEVELOPED FOR GENERAL APPLICATION. IT IS SHOWN THAT THE RELEGATION OF PERIODICALS IS CONSIDERABLY LESS EXPENSIVE BOTH IN TERMS OF INVESTMENT OF EFFORT AND SPACE RELEASED THAN THE RELEGATION OF MONOGRAPHS. THE RELEVANCE TO A LOCAL LIBRARY SITUATION OF BRITISH LIBRARY LENDING DIVISION DATA ON PERIODICAL USAGE IS VINDICATED. ******************************************** Document 2854 CARING FOR BOOKS AND DOCUMENTS. ADVICE AND GUIDANCE ON THE CARE OF BOOKS, WITH COVERAGE OF THE MATERIALS OF WHICH BOOKS AND DOCUMENTS ARE MADE, THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF CARE, THE ENEMIES OF BOOKS AND DOCUMENTS, AND HOW TO CARE FOR BOOKS; A BIBLIOGRAPHY IS APPENDED, WITH DETAILS ONLY OF GENERAL WORKS-IT IS NOT EXHAUSTIVE, BUT LISTS WORKS WHICH AID IN A GENERAL UNDERSTANDING OF BOOK CARE. ******************************************** Document 2855 CONSERVATION IN THE LIBRARY. DURING RECENT YEARS THERE HAS BEEN A GROWING CONCERN OVER THE PHYSICAL CONDITION OF LIBRARY COLLECTIONS. PAPER IS BRITTLE AND CRUMBLING, BINDINGS ARE DISINTEGRATING, PRINT IS FADING AND COVERS ARE SOFT AND SPONGY. UNFORTUNATELY RESTORATION IS EXPENSIVE AND TIME CONSUMING. DISCUSSES THE DESTRUCTIVE FORCES IN THE LIBRARY AND THE MANY AVAILABLE SOLUTIONS TO PREVENT AND CONTROL THE PROBLEMS. CLAIMS THAT CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES ARE SOMETIMES TREATED WITH APATHY AND RESISTANCE DUE TO THE PHILOSOPHY OF PLACING PRIORITIES ON SERVICES. CONCLUDES THAT RESTORATION WORK IS BEST LEFT TO PROFESSIONAL CONSERVATORS WHILE PREVENTATIVE MEASURES CAN BE INSTITUTED BY DEDICATED LIBRARIANS. ******************************************** Document 2856 DEFINITION OF THE NATIONAL DOCUMENTARY HERITAGE. AFTER PROVIDING A GENERAL DEFINITION OF NATIONAL HERITAGE AND NATIONAL DOCUMENTARY HERITAGE, INTRODUCES THE DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF DOCUMENTS WHICH MAKE UP THE LATTER' WRITTEN DOCUMENTS, BOTH PRINT AND MANUSCRIPT, ICONOGRAPHIC DOCUMENTS, SOUND, VISUAL AND MACHINE READABLE MATERIAL. IN CONCLUSION, A DEFINITION-SYNTHESIS OF NATIONAL DOCUMENTARY HERITAGE, IS PROPOSED. ******************************************** Document 2857 FRENCH LIBRARIES AND THEIR NATIONAL HERITAGE. PAPER PRESENTED BY THE FRENCH HONORARY INSPECTOR GENERAL OF LIBRARIES AT A LIBRARIANS' STUDY DAY, FEB 80, MARKING HERITAGE YEAR IN FRANCE. CONSIDERS THE NATURE OF FRANCE'S LIBRARY HERITAGE, AND GIVES EXAMPLES OF THE NOTABLE BUILDINGS AND INTERIORS WHICH MUST BE INCLUDED WITH FRANCE'S OUTSTANDING LIBRARY COLLECTIONS OF BOOKS, DOCUMENTS, MAPS, COINS, AND OTHER OBJECTS OF VALUE. DISCUSSION OF COLLECTIONS COVERS 4 MAIN TOPICS' CONSERVATION, EXPLOITATION, ENRICHMENT, AND TRANSMISSION. THE LIBRARIAN'S RESPONSIBILITIES IN RELATION TO EACH ARE CONSIDERED, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE PROBLEMS OF CONSERVATION. CURRENT PROCEDURES ARE SURVEYED AND A COMPREHENSIVE POLICY SUGGESTED, FOCUSING ON BIBLIOTHEQUE NATIONALE ACTIVITIES AND RECENT RESEARCH ON NEW TECHNIQUES. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF EXISTING CATALOGUES AND PROJECTS FOR FACILITATING EXPLOITATION. IN CONCLUSION THE IMMENSE VALUE OF FRANCE'S LIBRARY HERITAGE IS EMPHASISED. ******************************************** Document 2858 THE CONSERVATION OF THE FRENCH DOCUMENTARY HERITAGE. AMONG THE MANY EXPRESSIONS OF THE PAST BROUGHT TO LIGHT DURING HERITAGE YEAR IN FRANCE (1980), THE BOOK, IN MANUSCRIPT AND PRINT FORMS, IN PUBLIC OR PRIVATE COLLECTIONS, OUGHT TO BE PROTECTED BY A NATIONAL CONSERVATION POLICY. ALTHOUGH A NUMBER OF PARTIAL INVENTORIES EXIST, SUCH A POLICY CANNOT BE MAINTAINED AT PRESENT IN FRANCE WITHOUT THE EXISTENCE OF A GENERAL INVENTORY. APART FROM THE NATIONAL LIBRARY, WHICH HAS SPECIALISED RESTORATION FACILITIES AND A DEPARTMENT FOR THE PREVENTION AND DETECTION OF DAMAGED DOCUMENTS, LIBRARIES RARELY HAVE THE MEANS TO ASSURE THE MATERIAL PROTECTION OF DOCUMENTS. THE PROTECTION OF THE NATIONAL HERITAGE SHOULD EXTEND TO THE SELECTION OF 20TH CENTURY DOCUMENTS. ******************************************** Document 2859 GOVERNMENT CONCERN FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIBRARIES' SANSKRIT MANUSCRIPT LIBRARIES IN INDIA, 1858-1937. (PHD THESIS-UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON.) DURING THE 19TH CENTURY, THE INDIAN GOVERNMENT SOUGHT TO PRESERVE INDIAN CULTURE. 1 ACTION WAS AN ORDER IN 1858 WHICH HAD 3 PROVISIONS' (1) TO PRINT LISTS OF SANSKRIT MANUSCRIPTS HELD BY INDIAN LIBRARIES AND MAKE THE LISTS AVAILABLE WORLDWIDE; (2) TO INSTITUTE SEARCHES FOR MANUSCRIPTS; AND (3) TO ASSIST THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL IN ITS SANSKRIT PUBLICATION PROGRAMME. INVESTIGATES THE ORDER'S BACKGROUND, THE RESULTANT EMERGENCE OF RESEARCH LIBRARIES SPECIALISING IN SANSKRIT, AND THE ATTITUDES OF SUCCESSIVE INDIAN GOVERNMENTS UP TO 1938. ******************************************** Document 2860 PRESERVATION OF MOVING PICTURES AND SOUND CARRIERS. THE SPECIFIC PROPERTIES OF FILM, VIDEO RECORDINGS, AUDIO TAPES, CASSETTES, AND DISCS ARE DESCRIBED AND ATTENTION IS DRAWN TO PROBLEMS AND HAZARDS. METHODS OF STORAGE, CLEANING, USE, AND LONG-TERM PRESERVATION ARE RECOMMENDED AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ARE CONSIDERED. ******************************************** Document 2861 ISSUE CONTROL ON A WRONG TRACK. A CRITICAL REVIEW BY VEJLE LIBRARY'S AUTOMATION COMMITTEE OF THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF LOCAL AUTHORITIES' REPORT ON 2AUTOMATED ISSUE CONTROL, 1ONE OF THE PROPOSALS FOR STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS ISSUED BY THE BIBLIOTEKSDATA PARTNERS. THE REVIEW POINTS TO PROBLEMS OF USE OF THE REGISTER OF PERSONAL CODE NUMBERS. THE SYSTEM WHEREBY CHECK-OUT USES PERSONAL NUMBERS, WHILE THE RETURN PROCESS USES BOOK NUMBERS, CAUSES PROBLEMS FOR THE READER OF IDENTIFYING WHICH BOOKS ARE DUE BACK WHEN. DISCUSSES HOW THE SYSTEM DEALS WITH RENEWALS, FINES, AND RECALLS. USE OF BOOK NUMBERS ONLY FOR RESERVATIONS AMOUNTS TO A DETERIORATION OF SERVICE, AND THE METHOD WHEREBY INTERLIBRARY LOANS ARE INCLUDED IS UNCLEAR. ISSUE CONTROL OVER MATERIAL WHICH CANNOT BE GIVEN A BOOK NUMBER (E.G. PICTURE BOOKS, JIGSAWS) IS EFFECTIVELY ABANDONED. IN ALL, THE LACK OF INFORMATION ABOUT EACH LOAN CAUSES MAJOR PROBLEMS; IT SHOULD BE POSSIBLE TO USE THE INFORMATION IN THE BIBLIOGRAPHIC BASE ALSO IN THE ISSUE CONTROL REGISTERS. ******************************************** Document 2862 AUTOMATION AND THE SERVICE ATTITUDES OF ARL CIRCULATION MANAGERS. THE SURVEY AIMED TO IDENTIFY THE DEGREE AND STATE OF AUTOMATION OF THE CIRCULATION FUNCTION OF 98 ACADEMIC LIBRARIES (MEMBERS OF THE ASSOCIATION OF RESEARCH LIBRARIES), CLASSIFIED AS MANUAL, BATCH AND ON-LINE SYSTEMS. THE OPINIONS OF CIRCULATION MANAGERS REGARDING THEIR ROLES AND ATTITUDES TO THE SYSTEMS WERE SOUGHT AND THE RESULTS TABULATED. ******************************************** Document 2863 BATH UNIVERSITY LIBRARY/BURROUGHS MACHINES LTD. AUTOMATED CIRCULATION CONTROL SYSTEM' ITS DESIGN, IMPLEMENTATION AND EVALUATION. (FLA THESIS.) A STUDY OF THE AUTOMATED CIRCULATION CONTROL SYSTEM DEVELOPED AT BATH UNIVERSITY LIBRARY (UK) WITH BURROUGHS MACHINES LTD. TRACES THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PROJECT FROM THE INITIAL PLANS, THROUGH DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION TO OPERATION, AND GIVES A DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM-EQUIPMENT, PROGRAMS, INPUT, OUTPUT AND BACKUP. EXAMINES THE PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED DURING THE USE OF THE SYSTEM AND ACTION TAKEN TO REMEDY SOME OF THESE, WITH POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS TO OTHER PROBLEMS. THESE PROBLEMS LED TO SUSPENSION OF THE SYSTEM IN 1978 AND ITS REPLACEMENT BY THE SWALCAP SYSTEM (SOUTH WEST ACADEMIC LIBRARIES COOPERATIVE AUTOMATION PROJECT), WHICH HAS PROVED RELIABLE AND SATISFACTORY. ******************************************** Document 2864 DIVERSIFICATION AND MULTI-MEDIA CONTROL' THE LEEDS POLYTECHNIC BECKETT PARK SITE LIBRARY. DESCRIBES METHODS USED TO ORGANISE MULTI-MEDIA STOCK IN THE LIBRARY AT THE BECKETT PARK SITE OF LEEDS POLYTECHNIC. THE COLLEGE ON THIS SITE, ORIGINALLY THE CITY OF LEEDS COLLEGE OF EDUCATION NOW OFFERS COURSES IN SEVERAL OTHER SUBJECTS BESIDES EDUCATION. GIVES REASONS WHY THE FULL INTEGRATION OF STOCK HAS NOT BEEN THOUGHT FEASIBLE OR DESIRABLE. DISCUSSES THE CATALOGUING AND CLASSIFICATION OF NON BOOK MATERIAL, AND THE TECHNIQUES USED TO DEVELOP AN INTEGRATED CATALOGUE PROVIDING EASY ACCESS BY FORMAT. ******************************************** Document 2865 CATALOGUING IN THE GERMAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC. A BRIEF HISTORICAL OUTLINE OF CATALOGUING EAST GERMANY, INCLUDING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF REGELN FUR DIE ALPHABETISCHE KATALOGISIERUNG (RAK), RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES, WHERE THERE IS A HIGH DEGREE OF UNIFORMITY, AND THE ADAPTATION OF THE BIBLIOTECNO-BIBLIOGRAFICESKAJA KLASSIFIKACIJA (BBK) BY ACADEMIC LIBRARIES. ******************************************** Document 2866 CATALOGUES, BIBLIOGRAPHIES AND EARLY PRINTED BOOKS. EXPLAINS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A CATALOGUE AND A BIBLIOGRAPHY; DESCRIBES BRIEFLY SEVERAL LOCALLY-PRODUCED CATALOGUES RECORDING HOLDINGS OF EARLY PRINTED BOOKS IN VARIOUS NEW ZEALAND INSTITUTIONS, ACKNOWLEDGING THE SPLENDID EFFORTS OF THE (OFTEN AMATEUR) AUTHORS; AND STRESSES THE NEED FOR A NATIONAL DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF NEW ZEALAND HOLDINGS OF INCUNABULA. ******************************************** Document 2867 CATALOGUING MACHINE-READABLE DATA FILES' AN INTRODUCTION. DUE TO LACK OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL AND UNFAMILIARITY, MACHINE-READABLE DATA FILES (MRDFS) REMAIN PHANTOM MATERIAL TO BOTH LIBRARIANS AND LIBRARY USERS-EVEN THOUGH MORE AND MORE RESEARCH MATERIALS ARE BEING PRODUCED IN MACHINE-READABLE FORM. REVIEWS THE CURRENT STATUS OF MRDFS; DISCUSSES BASIC CONDITIONS FOR CATALOGUING MRDFS; EXPLAINS HOW A COMPUTER IS OPERATED AND HOW MRDFS ARE PRODUCED; AND REVIEWS CHAPTER 9 OF THE ANGLO-AMERICAN CATALOGUING RULES (2ND EDITION) WHICH IS DEVOTED TO DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUING RULES FOR MRDFS, FOCUSING ON TROUBLESOME AREAS. ******************************************** Document 2868 STANDING CONFERENCE ON CENTRAL CATALOGUES. THE GERMAN LIBRARY INSTITUTE'S COMMITTEE ON CENTRAL CATALOGUES WAS DISBANDED IN 1980 AND, TO ENSURE CONTINUITY OF ITS WORK, A STANDING CONFERENCE ON CENTRAL CATALOGUES WAS ESTABLISHED, MEETING 3 TIMES A YEAR. WORK CONTINUES ON TRANSFERRING CENTRAL CATALOGUES TO MICROFICHES, AND THE CATALOGUES OF BAVARIA AND NORTH-RHINELAND WESTPHALIA ARE BEING ADDED IN 1981. THE STANDARDISATION OF PROCEDURES FOR NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL LOANS HAS BEEN EXAMINED. ******************************************** Document 2869 ALTERNATIVES FOR FUTURE LIBRARY CATALOGS' A COST MODEL' FINAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARY CATALOG COST MODEL PROJECT PREPARED FOR THE ASSOCIATION OF RESEARCH LIBRARIES. UNDER ARL SPONSORSHIP, KING RESEARCH, INC., DEVELOPED A LIBRARY CATALOG COST MODEL TO ASSIST 72 PARTICIPATING LIBRARIES IN COMPARING THE COST OF ALTERNATIVE FUTURE FORMS OF CATALOGUE, EMPHASISING THE COST OF IMPLEMENTING AACR2. 68 LIBRARIES PREPARED INPUTS CHARACTERISING THEIR COSTS AND MODES OF OPERATION, AND THESE WERE USED, WITH THE MODEL, TO COMPUTE COSTS OF ALTERNATIVE CATALOGUE FORMS. INPUTS AND OUTPUTS OF THE MODEL WERE HIGHLY VARIABLE. COSTS OF IMPLEMENTING AACR2 WERE ESTIMATED TO BE 4-7% OF THE TOTAL COST OF DEVELOPING AND MAINTAINING A CATALOGUE. THE MODEL CAN BE A USEFUL PLANNING, BUDGETING AND STAFFING TOOL, AND MAY BE SEEN AS A PROTOTYPE, ADAPTABLE TO PROJECT COSTS OF OTHER LIBRARY OPERATIONS, ESPECIALLY ACQUISITIONS. RECOMMENDATIONS ARE MADE FOR FUTURE MODEL DEVELOPMENT. ******************************************** Document 2870 THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON THE ROLE OF THE TECHNICAL SERVICES LIBRARIAN OF ACADEMIA IN THE USA. PRESENTS THE RESULTS OF A SURVEY OF THE IMPACT AND EFFECT OF OCLC AND AUTOMATED CATALOGUING ON THE PROFESSIONAL LIBRARIAN'S WORKFLOW, AND IN LIBRARY OPERATIONS, ESPECIALLY IN THE TECHNICAL SERVICE DEPARTMENTS OF US COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES. CONCLUDES THAT THE EMERGENCE OF AUTOMATION AND MODERN TECHNOLOGY IN THE LIBRARY HAS BROUGHT A KIND OF CAREER AWARENESS TO THE FRONT IN THE LIBRARY COMMUNITY. ARGUES THAT ACADEMIC LIBRARIANS SHOULD TAKE ADVANTAGE NOW OF THE TECHNOLOGY WHICH HAS GIVEN THEM SOME FREE TIME FROM MANUAL WORK THAT CAN BE DEVOTED TO THE SETTING FORTH OF THEIR PROFESSIONAL GOALS AND OBJECTIVES FOR THE FUTURE. ******************************************** Document 2871 LOMBARDY' THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A SYSTEM FOR COLLECTIVE CATALOGUING AND BIBLIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION. DISCUSSES THE REASONS BEHIND THE SUSPENSION OF THE PROJECTED NETWORK IN LOMBARDY, BEGUN IN 1975 AND DISRUPTED IN 1977. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE SYSTEM DRAWN UP BY THE REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION, THE ORGANISATION AND OPERATION OF EXISTING LIBRARIES AS INFORMATION AND CATALOGUING CENTRES, AND THE TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT INTRODUCED. WITH THE CHANGE OF GOVERNMENT IN 1977, THE PROJECT WAS SUSPENDED FOR RE-EVALUATION, AND UP TO 1980 NO DECISION HAD BEEN REACHED. THE INHERENT DEFECTS OF THE SYSTEM ARE ANALYSED, TO SHOW HOW THE REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION MADE A FUNDAMENTAL ERROR IN ESTABLISHING A DECENTRALISED SYSTEM WITHOUT OVERHAULING EXISTING SERVICES TO ENSURE ADEQUATE COOPERATION BETWEEN CATALOGUING CENTRES. THE IMMEDIATE CAUSES OF SUSPENSION WERE INCOMPATABILITY OF THE AUTOMATED SYSTEM CHOSEN WITH MARC, AND FAILURE OF INDIVIDUAL LIBRARIES TO MAINTAIN ROUTINE CATALOGUING ACTIVITIES. EMPH ASISES THE NECESSITY FOR BASIC REORGANISATION OF NATIONAL LIBRARY SERVICES PRIOR TO SCHEMES FOR AUTOMATION AND COOPERATION. ******************************************** Document 2872 THE FUTURE OF LIBRARY CATALOG' COMPUTER-SUPPORTED CATALOGS (IN CHINESE). DESCRIBES HOW A LIBRARY CAN BUILD UP A MACHINE-READABLE CATALOGUE FILE AND THE PRODUCTION AND SPECIAL FEATURES OF ON-LINE CATALOGUES. ******************************************** Document 2873 THE TECHNIQUE OF PARSIFAL. EXPERIMENT WITH ON-LINE CATALOGUE SEARCHING IN COPENHAGEN CITY LIBRARIES. PART 2' TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF A PILOT PROJECT. FOR PART I 2SEE1 81/5842. DESCRIBES THE EXPERIMENT'S PHASE 0, WHICH RELATES TO A PILOT PROJECT BASED ON LIMITED DATA AND AN UNALTERED SEARCH SYSTEM' THE LIBRARY SCHOOL'S SUBJECT RETRIEVAL SYSTEM (BES). THE PHASE HAS THE FOLLOWING COMPONENTS' 1. TRANSFER OF CATALOGUE ENTRIES FROM KOMMUNEDATA TO RECKU (THE REGIONAL COMPUTER CENTRE OF COPENHAGEN UNIVERSITY). 2. CHANGE OF FORMAT FROM THE BC FORMAT (DANMARC) TO THE BES FORMAT; LISTS THE BES SEARCH CODES USED, WITH AN EXAMPLE. 3. BUILDING UP OF SEARCH REGISTERS, WITH LIST OF TABOO WORDS. 4. DEMONSTRATION RUNS. CONCLUDES THAT PHASE 0 HAS SHOWN THAT DATA COMPILED FOR USE IN PRINTED CATALOGUES CAN BE USED IN AN ON-LINE SYSTEM. SOME PROBLEMS IN CONNECTION WITH INPUT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE ITEMS REMAIN. THE SYSTEM ENABLES SEARCH VIA DK5, AUTHOR AND TITLE LIKE MANUAL CATALOGUES, BUT ALSO TERMS IN THE TITLE AND NOTE FIELDS AND OTHER COMBINATIONS. ALTHOUGH SUBJECT SEARCHES WERE NOT INCLUDED, THE BES PROGRAM MAKES INPUT OF SUBJECT SEARCH WORDS POSSIBLE. ******************************************** Document 2874 OCLC CENTER DEDICATION AND CELEBRATION. OVER 325 LIBRARIANS AND EDUCATORS ATTENDED THE DEDICATION OF OCLC'S NEW CENTER IN DUBLIN, OHIO, 22 SEPT 81. WILLIAM J. WELSH, DEPUTY LIBRARIAN, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, CITED OCLC'S ACCOMPLISHMENTS AND INNOVATIONS DURING ITS 14-YEAR HISTORY, AND DR. LEWIS C. BRANSCOMB, OF OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY, DESCRIBED EVENTS LEADING UP TO AND FOLLOWING THE CREATION OF OCLC. ******************************************** Document 2875 REPORT OF THE CATALOGING ADVISORY COMMITTEE MEETING. DISCUSSES A MEETING OF THE ONLINE COMPUTER LIBRARY CENTER (OCLC) CATALOGING ADVISORY COMMITTEE, 15-16 OCT 81. THE AGENDA INCLUDED' THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENHANCE FUNCTION; BIBLIOGRAPHIC INPUT STANDARDS; A REPORT ON PREVIOUS RECOMMENDATIONS; DEFINITION OF UNIQUE RECORDS; A REPORT ON OCLC/EUROPE; AND A REPORT ON DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING AND TRAINING MATERIALS. ******************************************** Document 2876 ANOTHER LOOK AT OCLC'S POTENTIAL FOR SPECIAL LIBRARIES. THE ISSUE OF OCLC BENEFITS FOR SPECIAL LIBRARIES IS DISCUSSED IN TERMS OF 'FIND RATES'. A STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLE REVEALED THAT 21% OF A SPECIAL COLLECTION'S HOLDINGS WERE IN THE OCLC DATA BASE AND WERE SCATTERED AMONG 95 LIBRARIES. THIS LOW FIND RATE IS USEFUL FOR DOCUMENTING THE UNIQUENESS OF THE SPECIAL COLLECTION AND THE LACK OF EXISTING BIBLIOGRAPHICAL CONTROL FOR SUCH MATERIAL. THE STUDY SUGGESTS THAT SPECIAL LIBRARIES CONSIDER OCLC PARTICIPATION WHEN FIND RATES ARE LOW BASED ON CONSIDERATIONS OTHER THAN COST SAVINGS FOR TECHNICAL SERVICES. ******************************************** Document 2877 ONLINE RESOURCE SHARING 2. A COMPARISON OF' OCLC INCORPORATED. RESEARCH LIBRARIES INFORMATION NETWORK, AND WASHINGTON LIBRARY NETWORK. THIS COMPARATIVE STUDY OF 3 MAJOR ON-LINE BIBLIOGRAPHIC SYSTEMS IS DESIGNED TO PROVIDE ASSISTANCE TO LIBRARY ADMINISTRATORS IN THE ASSESSMENT OF THE POTENTIAL IMPACT OF SUCH SYSTEMS UPON THE OPERATIONS OF THEIR LIBRARIES. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2878 PATRON USE OF AN ONLINE CIRCULATION SYSTEM IN KNOWN ITEM SEARCHING. PATRON USE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS' ON-LINE CIRCULATION SYSTEM WAS STUDIED BY INTERVIEWING AND OBSERVING SAMPLE PATRONS AT PUBLIC TERMINALS. IT WAS FOUND THAT 56% OF THE 'ORIGINAL KNOWN-ITEM SEARCHES' (SEARCHES IN WHICH THE USER HAD NOT OBTAINED ANY INFORMATION FROM THE CARD CATALOGUE) WERE SUCCESSFUL-WITH 16% FAILING AS A RESULT OF ERROR IN USE-AND THAT 86% OF THE 'LOCATION SEARCHES' (SEARCHES IN WHICH THE USER HAD OBTAINED THE CALL NUMBER OF THE ITEM FROM THE CARD CATALOGUE AND WAS LOOKING FOR THE LOCATION) WERE SUCCESSFUL-WITH 8% FAILING AS A RESULT OF ERROR IN USE. ******************************************** Document 2879 SERIALS CATALOGUING AND AACR 2' AN INTRODUCTION. AACR 2 IS A SET OF RULES WHICH MEETS INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION AND PROVIDES UNIFORMITY FOR MACHINE PROCESSING OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORDS. THE PARIS PRINCIPLES OF UNIFORMITY OF DESCRIPTION FOR ALL TYPES OF MATERIALS AND GENERAL RULES FOR CHOICE AND FORM OF ENTRY AND HEADINGS ARE THE GUIDELINES OF AACR 2. IT IS ALSO BASED ON THE FRAMEWORK OF ISBD (G) FOR DATA ELEMENTS AND ORDER. THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS AND THE SPECIAL FEATURES OF AACR 2 AND SERIALS CATALOGUING ARE DISCUSSED. SOME EXAMPLES ARE INCLUDED TO ILLUSTRATE THE APPLICATION OF AACR 2 IN SERIALS CATALOGUING. PRE-AACR 2 CATALOGUING EXAMPLES ARE ALSO INCLUDED FOR COMPARISON. ******************************************** Document 2880 ABOUT PERIODICALS AND THE VARIED NATURE AND FUNCTION OF THEIR INDEXES, INVENTORIES OR CATALOGUES. AFTER CONSIDERATION OF MOLINARI'S 2THE ROMAN PERIODICAL PRESS IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY, 1INSTANCES CATALOGUES OF PERIODICALS POSSESSED BY A SINGLE LIBRARY AND MORE THAN ONE LIBRARY. CITES CATALOGUES OF ITALIAN AND FOREIGN PERIODICALS POSSESSED BY THE MAJORITY OF LIBRARIES AND DEALING WITH A SPECIFIED TOPIC. CONCLUDES WITH CATALOGUES OF A CITY OR REGION. A NEED EXISTS TO RATIONALISE THIS MULTIPLICITY OF SOURCES. THE STATE AND THE CENTRAL INSTITUTE FOR THE UNION CATALOGUE IN ROME SHOULD PRODUCE A LOCALISED GENERAL INDEX OF ITALIAN AND FOREIGN PERIODICALS POSSESSED BY THE GREATEST NUMBER OF ITALIAN LIBRARIES. COORDINATION ON A NATIONAL SCALE SHOULD FOLLOW. PERIODICALS SHOULD BE TREATED AS ARCHIVES TO PRESERVE ITALIAN POLITICAL, CIVIL, ECONOMIC AND SPIRITUAL HISTORY. ******************************************** Document 2881 PERSONAL DOCUMENTATION FOR PROFESSIONALS' MEANS AND METHODS. DESCRIBES THE ORGANISATION OF PERSONAL FILES FOR THE PROFESSIONAL PERSON, AND THE MEANS THAT CAN BE EMPLOYED FOR FILING THE ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS AND FOR THEIR RETRIEVAL. COMPARES AND EVALUATES SUCH INSTRUMENTS AS PEEK-A-BOO CARDS AND COMPUTERISED INDEXES AND DEVOTES ATTENTION TO METHODS OF DOCUMENT CLASSIFICATION AND INDEXING, AND THESAURUS USE AND DESIGN. EXAMPLES AND CASE STUDIES ARE GIVEN. OUTLINES THE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONAL COMPUTING, MASS STORAGES AND INFORMATION NETWORKS, INDICATING HOW THESE CHANGES WILL INFLUENCE THE STYLE OF THE PROFESSIONAL'S PERSONAL WORK. ******************************************** Document 2882 MODELLING AND EVALUATING EFFECTIVENESS OF AN INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM WITH COMBINED RETRIEVAL SCHEME. DISCUSSES A MODEL OF AN INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM BASED ON THE USE OF A RETRIEVAL SCHEME WHICH COMBINES DIRECT AND INVERSE RETRIEVAL PRINCIPLES. DESCRIBES HOW THE INFORMATION PROCESS IS SIMULATED AND EVALUATED IN THE MODEL. PRESENTS AND ANALYSES SOME EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS. ******************************************** Document 2883 THEORY OF CLASSIFICATION. SEEKS TO PROVIDE A COHERENT ACCOUNT OF THE THEORY OF LIBRARY CLASSIFICATION FOR LIBRARY STUDENTS. DEALS AT LENGTH WITH CONTRIBUTIONS MADE BY E.C. RICHARDSON, J.D. BROWN, W. HULME, W.C. BERWICK SAYERS AND H.E. BLISS AND OTHER THEORETICIANS, BUT THE THEORY PUT FORWARD BY S.R. RANGANATHAN PREDOMINATES AND HIS TERMINOLOGY IS USED. DESCRIBES UDC, DDC, LC, COLON AND BLISS CLASSIFICATION SCHEMES AND LOOKS AT RECENT TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENTS. ******************************************** Document 2884 CLASSIFICATION LITERATURE IN INDIA' ANALYSIS AND TREND. AN ATTEMPT HAS BEEN MADE TO ANALYSE THE CLASSIFICATION LITERATURE PRODUCED IN INDIA FROM 1932-80. SOME OF THE FACETS CONSIDERED ARE' TYPE OF LITERATURE (PERIODICAL, CONFERENCE/SEMINAR, BOOK, THESIS); PERIODICALS PUBLISHING CLASSIFICATION LITERATURE; PRODUCTIVE AUTHORS; YEARWISE DISTRIBUTION OF CLASSIFICATION LITERATURE; AND SUBJECT-WISE ANALYSIS. THE 160 DEPTH SCHEDULES PRODUCED BY RANGANATHAN AND HIS SCHOOL ARE LISTED IN CHRONOLOGICAL SEQUENCE. SOME CONCLUSIONS ARE DRAWN BASED ON THE ANALYSIS. ******************************************** Document 2885 TECHNIQUES OF CLASSIFICATION IN PSYCHOLOGY I' FACTOR ANALYSIS, FACET ANALYSES, MULTIDIMENSIONAL SCALING, LATENT STRUCTURE ANALYSIS. CLASSIFICATION PROBLEMS ARE QUITE COMMON IN PSYCHOLOGY, AND MANY CLASSIFICATION PROCEDURES HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED AND APPLIED TO THIS SCIENCE. THE MOST COMMONLY USED TECHNIQUE IN PSYCHOLOGY IS FACTOR ANALYSIS. DESCRIBES THE UNDERLYING MODEL OF FACTOR ANALYSIS, ITS INDETERMINACY PROBLEMS, MODIFICATIONS AND EXTENSIONS. ALSO DISCUSSES FACET ANALYSIS AND MULTIDIMENSIONAL SCALING (MDS), WHICH CAN BE USED EITHER AS A PRELIMINARY STAGE FOR OTHER CLASSIFICATION PROCEDURES OR AS A CLASSIFICATION METHOD ITSELF. A DISTINCTION IS MADE BETWEEN METRIC AND NON-METRIC MDS PROCEDURES, AND BETWEEN METHODS FOR PROXIMITY DATA, DOMINANCE DATA, PROFILE DATA, AND CONJOINT MEASUREMENT DATA. FINALLY THE MODELS AND APPLICATIONS OF LATENT STRUCTURE ANALYSIS ARE DISCUSSED. ******************************************** Document 2886 REPORT OF THE RACISM AND SEXISM IN SUBJECT ANALYSIS SUBCOMMITTEE TO THE RTSD/CCS SUBJECT ANALYSIS COMMITTEE, MIDWINTER 1980. DIRECTED TOWARD THE ERADICATION OF SEXUAL AND RACIAL BIAS IN BIBLIOGRAPHIC SYSTEMS, THE SUBCOMMITTEE REPORTS ITS PROGRESS IN THE IDENTIFICATION OF AREAS OF CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS AND SUBJECT HEADINGS REQUIRING CHANGE. A POLICY STATEMENT AND 6 GUIDELINES ESTABLISH A FRAMEWORK FOR 3 CATEGORIES OF PROJECTS' THE NEED FOR CHANGES IN LIBRARY OF CONGRESS (LC) SUBJECT HEADINGS APPLIED TO MATERIALS ON A WIDE RANGE OF RACIAL, ETHNIC, AND LIFESTYLE GROUPS; THE ANALYSIS OF PLACEMENT AND TERMINOLOGY USED TO CLASSIFY WOMEN AND RACIAL AND ETHNIC MINORITIES IN BOTH LC AND DEWEY SCHEDULES; AND THE COMPILATION OF ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHIES CITING RESEARCH ALREADY DONE IN THE AREA OF SUBJECT ANALYSIS AND TERMINOLOGY RELATING TO WOMEN AND AFRO-AMERICANS. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2887 CHARTING OF DEWEY USERS IN NORWAY. IN FEB 79 THE NORWEGIAN DEWEY COMMITTEE SENT A QUESTIONNAIRE TO 179 PUBLIC AND SPECIAL LIBRARIES, ENQUIRING ABOUT THEIR USE OF DEWEY AND/OR ARNESEN (NORWEGIAN VERSION OF DEWEY); EDITIONS USED; SIZE OF COLLECTIONS; SUBJECT-HEADINGS LISTS USED; INDEXES REQUIRED; SUBJECT AREAS WHERE DEWEY DID NOT MEET NORWEGIAN REQUIREMENTS; AND ADDITIONAL AIDS DESIRABLE. THE AIM WAS TO CHART NORWEGIAN USE OF DEWEY AND OBTAIN HELP TOWARDS A NEW EDITION OF ARNESEN AND IN THE COMMITTEE'S FUTURE WORK. OF 117 LIBRARIES WHICH REPLIED, 77 USED DEWEY AND/OR ARNESEN, MANY SUPPLEMENTING ARNESEN FROM OTHER SOURCES. SEVERAL LIBRARIES SPECIFIED PROBLEM FIELDS, ARNESEN BEING FOUND WEAKEST IN CLASSES 300, 700 AND 900. PROPOSALS INCLUDED MICROCARD INDEXES; CURRENT SUBJECT CARD CATALOGUES; CLASSIFICATION ON PUBLICATION; AND PERIODICAL PUBLICATION WITH CONTINUING UPDATING. THE SURVEY REVEALED A CLEAR NEED FOR A NEW, EXTENDED EDITION OF ARNESEN, AND A LIKELY INCREASE IN INTEREST IN DEWEY, THE STATE LIBRARY COUNCIL HAVING RECOMMENDED DEWEY AND UDC AS NATIONAL CLASSIFICATION POLICY. ******************************************** Document 2888 DEWEY' THE NEGLECTED INTRODUCTION. DEWEY'S INTRODUCTION HAS BEEN DROPPED FROM THE CURRENT 19TH EDITION OF THE CLASSIFICATION SCHEME. PERHAPS BECAUSE OF ITS ALLEGEDLY PHONETIC SPELLING IT HAS BEEN NEGLECTED. HOWEVER, SINCE IT IS CONSIDERED THAT THIS INTRODUCTION SAYS EVERYTHING WHICH CAN BE SAID ABOUT LIBRARY CLASSIFICATION IT IS CONSIDERED THAT IT SHOULD NOT NOW BE FORGOTTEN. HOWEVER THE FAILURE TO RELATE THE THEORY IN THE INTRODUCTION TO THE ACTUAL ARRANGEMENT OF THE SUBJECTS WITHIN THE SCHEDULES SET THE UNFORTUNATE PATTERN BY WHICH LIBRARY CLASSIFICATION CAME TO BE DISCUSSED WITH LITTLE OR NO REFERENCE TO THE SUBJECT MATTER INVOLVED. THE FACT THAT DEWEY SURVIVES AS THE MOST WIDELY USED CLASSIFICATION REFLECTS THE PHYSICAL DIFFICULTY OF TRYING TO RECLASSIFY ANY ESTABLISHED LIBRARY AND THE LACK OF ANY NEW THINKING IN EDUCATIONAL CURRICULA. THERE IS NO EVIDENCE THAT LATER SCHEMES REPRESENT ANY WORTHWHILE ADVANCE ON DEWEY. ******************************************** Document 2889 DEWEY IN THE UK' A BRITISH VIEWPOINT. BASED ON A PAPER GIVEN AT THE DEWEY DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION MEETING, 3 MAR 81, UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON (UK). DESCRIBES THE MAIN STRANDS OF DEWEY DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION DEVELOPMENT TO DATE, THE RESPONSE OF LIBRARIES TO THE USE OF MORE RECENT EDITIONS, FROM LARGELY THE PUBLIC LIBRARY POINT OF VIEW AND OFFERS SOME TALKING POINTS CONCERNING POSSIBLE DDC DEVELOPMENT. ******************************************** Document 2890 RECLASSIFICATION IN A PSYCHIATRIC LIBRARY COLLECTION. DESCRIBES THE SIMPLE METHOD OF RECLASSIFICATION USED BY THE PAYNE WHITNEY CLINIC LIBRARY (THE DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHIATRY LIBRARY OF THE NEW YORK HOSPITAL-CORNELL MEDICAL COLLEGE) WHEN IT CHANGED FROM ITS UNIQUE DIETHELM CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM TO THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE SYSTEM. ******************************************** Document 2891 THESAURUS INTEGRATION IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES. PART I' COMPARISON OF THESAURI. PART I OF A SERIES OF 3 ARTICLES DIRECTED TOWARDS THE CREATION OF AN INTEGRATED MULTIINGUAL THESAURUS FOR THE SOCIAL SCIENCES. ESTABLISHES CRITERIA RELEVANT FOR THE COMPARISON OF THESAURI FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF THEIR INTEGRATION AND EXAMINES A NUMBER OF THESAURI IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES WITH THIS GOAL IN MIND. THE COMPARISON CONSIDERS' THE KNOWLEDGE STRUCTURE (COVERAGE, GENERAL DESCRIPTORS; CLASSIFICATION, HIERARCHIES); THE LINGUISTIC STRUCTURE (TERMS AND DESCRIPTORS, WORD CATEGORIES, CHOICE OF DESCRIPTORS AND THEIR FORM, RELATIONSHIPS); AND FORMAL FEATURES (TYPOGRAPHY, ADDRESS CODES, SYMBOLS, ORDERING, SPELLING VARIANTS). ******************************************** Document 2892 LINGUISTIC SUPPORT IN BUILDING UP MULTI-LINGUAL THESAURI. CHOICE OF EQUIVALENTS. THE MOST DIFFICULT TASK WHEN COMPILING MULTI-LINGUAL THESAURI IS TO CHOOSE THE EQUIVALENTS FOR WORDS WHICH ARE PARTIAL SYNONYMS. WITH THIS IN MIND, CONSIDERS THE MAIN TYPES OF LEXICAL SYSTEMS AND PARADIGMATIC RELATIONS AND GIVES AN EXAMPLE OF THE SEMANTIC DESCRIPTION OF TERMINAL LEXICAL SYSTEMS IN RUSSIAN AND ENGLISH. ******************************************** Document 2893 THE APPLICATION OF A MINICOMPUTER TO THESAURUS CONSTRUCTION. THE USE OF A MINICOMPUTER IN VARIOUS PHASES OF CREATING THE THESAURUS FOR THE NATIONAL INFORMATION CENTER FOR SPECIAL EDUCATION MATERIALS (NICSEM) DATA BASE IS DESCRIBED. THE MINICOMPUTER IS USED TO COLLECT, EDIT, AND CORRECT CANDIDATE THESAURUS TERMS. THE USE OF THE MINICOMPUTER EASES THE PROCESS OF GROUPING TERMS INTO FILES OF SIMILAR CONCEPTS AND FACILITATES THE GENERATION OF PRODUCTS USEFUL IN VOCABULARY REVIEW AND IN TERM STRUCTURING. SYNDETIC RELATIONS, INDICATED BY ASSIGNING CODED IDENTIFICATION NUMBERS, ARE ALTERED EASILY IN THE DESIGN PHASE TO REFLECT RESTRUCTURING REQUIREMENTS. BECAUSE THESAURUS TERMS ARE ALREADY IN MACHINE-READABLE FORM, IT IS SIMPLE TO PREPARE PRINT PROGRAMMES TO PROVIDE PERMUTED, ALPHABETIC, HIERARCHICAL, AND CHART FORMATTED TERM DISPLAYS. OVERALL, THE USE OF THE MINICOMPUTER FACILITIES INITIAL THESAURUS ENTRY DEVELOPMENT BY REDUCING CLERICAL EFFORT, EDITORIAL STAFF DECISIONS, AND OVERALL PROCESSING TIMES. ******************************************** Document 2894 RETRIEVAL LANGUAGE AND LOGICAL ORGANISATION OF THE DATA BASE IN AN INTEGRATED RETRIEVAL SYSTEM FOR CRUDE OIL PROCESSING AND OIL CHEMISTRY. CONSIDERS A DESCRIPTOR LANGUAGE FOR OIL PROCESSING AND OIL CHEMISTRY AND PRESENTS METHODS OF INDEXING DOCUMENTS USING THIS LANGUAGE. DISCUSSES THE LOGICAL ORGANISATION OF AN INFORMATION BASE CONTAINING BOTH BIBLIOGRAPHIC AND NON-BIBLIOGRAPHIC INFORMATION. THE PROPOSED METHOD IS BEING USED IN THE AUTOMATED MANAGEMENT SYSTEM UNDER DEVELOPMENT FOR THE AZERBAIJAN SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLIC'S MINISTRY OF OIL AND CHEMICAL INDUSTRY. ******************************************** Document 2895 A CASE FOR REPLACING THE 35-MM APERTURE CARD WITH THE 105-MM FICHE. THE APERTURE CARD HAS BEEN IN USE FOR NEARLY 30 YEARS. IT WAS DEVELOPED TO FACILITATE THE DATA PROCESSING OF ENGINEERING DRAWING INFORMATION. SINCE THE PRIMARY BUSINESS DATA PROCESSING EQUIPMENT DURING THE EARLY 50S WAS THE IBM PUNCHED CARD (OR HOLLERITH CARD), THE APERTURE CARD WAS DESIGNED AROUND THIS MEDIUM. EXPLORES THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF 105-MM FICHE OVER APERTURE CARDS FOR ENGINEERING DRAWING INFORMATION AND QUESTIONS WHY MICROGRAPHIC USERS HAVE TO DEAL WITH 2 COMPLETELY DIFFERENT SYSTEMS TO PRODUCE A MICROGRAPHIC RECORD. ******************************************** Document 2896 COMPARING THE CHARACTERISTICS OF APPLIED PROGRAM PACKAGES OF AUTOMATED RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS. DISCUSSES THE CHARACTERISTICS, ADVANTAGES, AND DISADVANTAGES OF THE APPLIED PROGRAMME PACKAGES ASPID, PEGAS, ASOD, AIDOC, USM, AND USS. ******************************************** Document 2897 AUTOMATED SYSTEM FOR COLLECTING INFORMATION SOURCES ON MICROMEDIA. DISCUSSES PROBLEMS OF AUTOMATING THE SOVIET VINITI SYSTEM CONTAINING DETAILS OF INFORMATION SOURCES ON MICROMEDIA. THE AUTOMATED SYSTEM WILL BE BASED ON THE SARATOV MINICOMPUTER. ******************************************** Document 2898 TEST OF THE EQUIFREQUENT CHARACTER STRING TEXT SEARCH TECHNIQUE. REPORT DESCRIBES THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SOFTWARE, BASED ON THE VARIETY GENERATION METHOD, FOR A SEARCH SYSTEM TO MATCH RETRIEVAL PROFILES AGAINST DOCUMENT TEXTS IN THE INSPEC DATABASE, AND THE EVALUATION OF THE SYSTEM RELATIVE TO THAT USED BY INSPEC FOR ITS SDI SERVICE IN TERMS OF COMPUTER RESOURCES AND COSTS. THE EVALUATION FAVOURS THE VARIETY-GENERATION METHOD. USING INSPEC'S CHARGING ALGORITHM, ITS COSTS ARE APPROXIMATELY 75% OF THOSE OF THE OPERATIONAL SYSTEM, WHILE THE CENTRAL PROCESSOR TIME IS REDUCED TO 1/2. ******************************************** Document 2899 REVIEW OF VARIETY GENERATION TECHNIQUES. THIS REPORT PRESENTS A UNIFIED ACCOUNT AND ASSESSMENT OF RESEARCH SINCE 1971 ON VARIETY GENERATION, AN EXTENSION OF CLASSICAL INFORMATION THEORY. THE TERM 'VARIETY GENERATION' EXPRESSES THE FREEDOM OF CHOICE AVAILABLE IN SELECTING THE NUMBER OF CHARACTERISTICS OR ATTRIBUTES WITH WHICH A TEXT IS DESCRIBED. THE CHARACTERISATIONS WHICH HAVE BEEN INVESTIGATED ARE' (1) SETS OF VARIABLE-LENGTH CHARACTER STRINGS; (2) NODES USED IN BINARY TREES FOR SEARCH PURPOSES; (3) PARTITION SETS FOR USE IN DISTRIBUTION SORTING. ******************************************** Document 2900 ON THE USE OF 'GROSS WEIGHT FORMULAE' OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS FOR RETRIEVAL OF INFORMATION ABOUT ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. THE POSSIBILITY OF USING THE GROSS WEIGHT FORMULAE OF CHEMICAL COMPOUND BONDS AS FILTERS WHEN RETRIEVING INFORMATION ON INDIVIDUAL CHEMICALS AND COMPOUND CLASSES IS CHECKED. THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INDEXING AND RETRIEVING COMPOUNDS ACCORDING TO GROSS WEIGHT FORMULAE AND SOME FRAGMENTAL CODES IS COMPARED. THE EASE OF AUTOMATIC CREATION OF GROSS-WEIGHT FORMULAE, THEIR GOOD DIFFERENTIATING CAPABILITY, AND THEIR EXPEDIENCE WHEN RETRIEVING INFORMATION IN LARGE FILES ARE STRESSED. ******************************************** Document 2901 IMPROVEMENT OF 'SPRESI' CODE TERMS BY USING THEM IN CALCULATION OF CHEMICAL PROPERTIES BY STRUCTURAL AND ADDITIVE METHODS. DESCRIBES THE USE OF THE SPRESI FRAGMENTAL CODE FOR THE ISOLATION IN CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OF THE STRUCTURE FRAGMENTS WHICH ARE USED IN THE CALCULATION OF THE PROPERTIES OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS BY STRUCTURE AND ADDITIVE METHODS. ******************************************** Document 2902 LEGAL INFORMATION IN THE USA. SINCE THE EARLY 1970S, 2 COMPUTER-ASSISTED LEGAL RESEARCH SYSTEMS HAVE BEEN COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE IN THE USA, LEXIS AND WESTLAW. IN ADDITION, THE US DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE HAS CREATED THE JURIS DATABANK FOR THE USE OF FEDERAL EMPLOYEES AND THE CONGRESS HAS MADE LEGIS, WHICH WAS COMPILED FOR USE BY ITS OWN STAFF, COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE TO OUTSIDE USERS ON A LIMITED BASIS. ALL STUDENT LAWYERS IN THE US RECEIVE AS PART OF THEIR TRAINING A COURSE ON LEGAL RESEARCH AND WRITING, INVOLVING THE USE OF TRADITIONAL AND AUTOMATED LIBRARY SYSTEMS. IN FUTURE, THEREFORE, IT IS LIKELY THAT LAWYERS WILL EXPECT A MORE COMPREHENSIVE AND UP-TO-DATE SERVICE FROM THEIR LIBRARIES. ******************************************** Document 2903 A GENERAL MODEL OF QUERY PROCESSING IN INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS. MOST CURRENT DOCUMENT RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS REQUIRE THAT USER QUERIES BE SPECIFIED IN THE FORM OF BOOLEAN EXPRESSIONS. ALTHOUGH BOOLEAN QUERIES WORK, THEY HAVE FLAWS. SOME OF THE ATTEMPTS TO OVERCOME THESE FLAWS HAVE INVOLVED 'PARTIAL-MATCH' RETRIEVAL OR THE USE OF FUZZY-SUBSET THEORY. RECENTLY, SOME GENERALISATIONS OF FUZZY-SUBSET THEORY HAVE BEEN SUGGESTED THAT WOULD ALLOW THE USER TO SPECIFY QUERIES WITH RELEVANCE WEIGHTS OR THRESHOLDS ATTACHED TO TERMS. THE VARIOUS QUERY-PROCESSING METHODS ARE DISCUSSED AND COMPARED. ******************************************** Document 2904 COMPUTER ENUMERATION AND GENERATION OF TREES AND ROOTED TREES. A COMPUTER-ADOPTED METHOD FOR ENUMERATING AND PLOTTING TREES (ALKANES) AND ROOTED TREES (SUBSTITUTED ALKANES) WITH +N VERTICES (CARBON ATOMS) IS DESCRIBED. RESULTS ARE COMPARED TO SOME PREVIOUS WORK IN THIS AREA. ******************************************** Document 2905 THE EMERGING INTERNATIONALISM OF ONLINE INFORMATION RETRIEVAL. UNTIL 1980 ON-LINE INFORMATION RETRIEVAL AND DISSEMINATION SERVICES WERE FOR THE MOST PART BASED IN THE USA. TODAY, HOWEVER, A VARIETY OF INFORMATION SERVICES AS WELL AS PACKET-SWITCHED NETWORKS ARE EMERGING IN OTHER COUNTRIES. ALTHOUGH US DEVELOPED SOFTWARE STILL PREDOMINATES IN OVERALL USE, ACTIVITY IN EUROPE AND OTHER COUNTRIES IS DEVELOPING RAPIDLY. A RIVALRY BETWEEN GOVERNMENT SUBSIDISED SERVICES AND COMPETITIVE NONSUBSIDISED SERVICES IS EMERGING. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2906 APPLICATION OF A COMMUNICATING WORD PROCESSOR IN AN INFORMATION DEPARTMENT. A STAND ALONE WORD PROCESSOR (PHILIPS 5002) IS USED TO PRODUCE AN INFORMATION BULLETIN. A COPY OF THE DATA IS TRANSMITTED FROM THE WORD PROCESSOR TO A MAINFRAME COMPUTER WHERE IT IS BATCH ASSIMILATED INTO AN ON-LINE DATA BASE. THE ON-LINE SYSTEM (DECO-UNILEVER COMPUTER SERVICES LTD.) HAS ALL THE FEATURES OF THE MAJOR COMMERCIAL SYSTEMS. IN ADDITION, IT IS POSSIBLE TO INITIATE THE GENERATION OF PRINTED INDEXES, EITHER TO THE ENTIRE DATA BASE, OR TO A SUBSET (HIT-SET) OF DATA, DURING AN ON-LINE SESSION. THE VERSATILITY OF THE WORD PROCESSOR AND ON-LINE SEARCH SYSTEM ARE ILLUSTRATED DESCRIBING THE VARIOUS STAGES FROM A SINGLE KEYING STEP, THROUGH TO BULLETIN, DATA BASE, AND PRINTED INDEX PRODUCTION. ******************************************** Document 2907 ON-LINE, NEW AID IN REFERENCE WORK. REPORTS ON AN INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ON-LINE INFORMATION IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES ORGANISED BY THE BRITISH LIBRARY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT AND HELD IN SEPT. 81. A NUMBER OF BRITISH PUBLIC LIBRARIES HAVE DURING THE LAST 3 YEARS CARRIED OUT EXPERIMENTS WITH THE USE OF ON-LINE SYSTEMS. RESULTS OF THESE HAVE BEEN PUBLISHED IN THE BRITISH LIBRARY'S REPORT SERIES AND WERE DISCUSSED AT THE CONFERENCE. THE QUESTION OF PAYMENT FOR ON-LINE SEARCHES WAS DEBATED. THE EXPERIENCE IN OTHER COUNTRIES WAS OUTLINED, INCLUDING THE ONE FROM GENTOFTE, DENMARK. IN LUTON CENTRAL LIBRARY, ENGLAND, WHICH FORMERLY SUBSCRIBED TO ONLY A FEW CONVENTIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHIC SERVICES, INSTALLATION OF ON-LINE FACILITIES HAS LED TO A LARGE EXPANSION. NEW USERS HAVE BEEN ATTRACTED, THE LIBRARY'S IMAGE IMPROVED, AND THE ENSUING GOOD-WILL HAS BEEN A USEFUL TOOL IN THE FIGHT AGAINST CUTS. THE STAFF HAVE BECOME MORE COST CONSCIOUS AND HENCE MORE CAREFUL IN DEALING WITH USERS, WHO HAVE BEEN MORE THOROUGHLY INTERVIEWED. MORE TIME IS NOW SPENT PREPARING THE SEARCH STRATEGY. THE DANGER OF REDUNDANCIES AS A RESULT OF GREATER EFFICIENCY WAS THEREFORE DISMISSED. ******************************************** Document 2908 FACT RETRIEVAL FOR THE 1980S. REVIEWS PREVAILING METHODOLOGIES OF FACT RETRIEVAL IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND MAKES PROJECTIONS FOR THE DECADE TO COME' NUMERIC DATA BASES ARE SHOWN TO OVERTAKE IN SIZE AND NUMBER THE LARGE BIBLIOGRAPHIC COLLECTIONS. THIS IS EXPECTED TO LEAD TOWARD MORE SOPHISTICATED, INTERACTIVE DATA ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES WITH GRAPHICAL DISPLAY OPTIONS. THE AVAILABILITY OF LOW-COST INTELLIGENT COMPUTER TERMINALS, MICRO- AND MINICOMPUTERS, IS SHOWN TO MAKE AGGREGATION AND POST-PROCESSING OF RETRIEVED INFORMATION FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES READILY POSSIBLE. THIS CAPABILITY MAY COME INTO CONFLICT WITH LEGAL CONSTRAINTS AND IS BOUND TO AFFECT THE TRADITIONAL MARKETING OF INFORMATION. IT WILL LEAD TO THE EXTRACTION OF HIGHER FORMS OF INTELLIGENCE FROM TEXT AND DATA. THE USER COMMUNITY IS SEEN TO SHIFT FROM EXPERT INFORMATION SPECIALISTS, WHO ACT NOW AS MIDDLEMEN, TO THE END-USERS OF INFORMATION. THIS LESS EXPERIENCED USER COMMUNITY WILL CHALLENGE THE INGENUITY OF SYSTEM DESIGNERS FOR SELF-GUIDING, ADAPTIVE, AND YET MORE SOPHISTICATED MAN-MACHINE INTERFACES. THE MERGING OF WIDE-BAND DIGITAL COMMUNICATION NETWORKS WITH COMPUTER TECHNOLOGIES WILL MAKE IT POSSIBLE TO INTERCONNECT COMPUTERS, INFORMATION CENTRES, WORD PROCESSORS, AND OTHER PERIPHERALS, WORLDWIDE. ******************************************** Document 2909 SOME RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN INFORMATION ACTIVITIES IN JAPAN. DESCRIBES THE DEVELOPMENTS IN ON-LINE INFORMATION SERVICES, PROVISION OF PRIMARY DOCUMENTS, INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN THE INPUT OF JAPANESE LITERATURE INTO DATA BASES, AND THE PRODUCTION OF JAPANESE DATA BASES. IT ALSO DISCUSSES THE LANGUAGE PROBLEM ASSOCIATED WITH SUCH ACTIVITIES. ******************************************** Document 2910 THE CURRENT ONLINE SITUATION IN JAPAN. THE CURRENT SITUATION IN ON-LINE SYSTEMS IN JAPAN IS REVIEWED. ON TOP OF THE NORNAL PROBLEMS IN ACCEPTING ONLINE SERVICES, JAPANESE PEOPLE ENCOUNTER DIFFICULTIES IN OVERCOMING LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL DIFFERENCES. THESE ARE ESPECIALLY HEAVY IN THE CREATION OF DATA BASES OF JAPANESE ORIGIN. THE PRESENT STATE OF COMMUNICATION NETWORKS IN JAPAN IS DESCRIBED. FINALLY, THE TRANSFORMATION OF BOOKSELLERS TO FULL-SERVICE INFORMATION SUPPLIERS IS HIGHLIGHTED. ******************************************** Document 2911 USE OF ONLINE BIBLIOGRAPHIC RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LIBRARIES. A REPORT TO THE COUNCIL ON LIBRARY RESOURCES ON A FELLOWSHIP PROJECT, 1977. EXAMINES THE USE OF ON-LINE BIBLIOGRAPHIC RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS IN A SELECTED NUMBER OF SCIENCE AND TECHOLOGY LIBRARIES CHOSEN FOR THEIR LEADERSHIP REPUTATION. IT IS LIMITED TO THE USE OF ON-LINE SYSTEMS OPERATED BY A LIBRARY STAFF MEMBER. THE FOLLOWING ISSUES ARE DISCUSSED' PROBLEMS OF INITIATION AND ADMINISTRATION INCLUDING PROCUREMENT, EQUIPMENT, ACCOUNTING AND CENTRALISATION; PUBLICITY AND USER EDUCATION; CHARGES; ANALYST TRAINING AND BACKGROUND. REPORT NOT AVAILABLE FROM NTIS. ******************************************** Document 2912 ON-LINE INFORMATION RETRIEVAL' ITS ROLE IN THE PUBLIC LIBRARY. PROCEEDINGS OF THE EAST MIDLANDS LIBRARY ASSOCIATION WORKSHOP, LOUGHBOROUGH UNIVERSITY, 31 MAY 79 ON ON-LINE INFORMATION RETRIEVAL IN UK PUBLIC LIBRARIES. PAPERS INCLUDE' ON-LINE INFORMATION SERVICES IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES BY STELLA KEENAN; ON-LINE IN CHESHIRE BY P. BYRNE; ON-LINE SERVICES IN HERTFORDSHIRE BY MARTIN WOODROW; ON-LINE RESEARCH PROJECTS CURRENTLY IN PROGRESS BY TONY OULTON; AND ON-LINE SERVICES IN PUBLIC LIBRARY' AN UP-DATE BY P.M. SIDDALL. ******************************************** Document 2913 SELECTIVE SURVEY OF EXISTING LINGUISTIC DATA BANKS IN EUROPE. THE MOST RECENT COMPREHENSIVE SURVEY OF LINGUISTIC/TERMINOLOGICAL DATA BANKS IN WESTERN EUROPE, WITH FULL DESCRIPTIONS OF EURODICAUTOM, LEXIS, NORMATERM, TEAM, TERMDOK UNDER THE FOLLOWING HEADINGS' USERS AND USES; ORIGIN AND SIZE; ORGANISATION, FINANCIAL SUPPORT, COSTING AND COSTS; AND DATA, WITH TABLES AND A FULL BIBLIOGRAPHY. ******************************************** Document 2914 INTERACTIVE RETRIEVAL SYSTEM ON TECHNIQUES AND TECHNOLOGY OF MINERALS PROCESSING. DEMONSTRATES THE NECESSITY OF AN INTERACTIVE RETRIEVAL SYSTEM TO EVALUATE THE PRESENT STATE OF AND TO FORECAST DEVELOPMENTS IN THE TECHNOLOGIES AND TECHNIQUES OF RAW MINERAL PROCESSING. DESCRIBES THE STRUCTURE OF A SYSTEM PERFORMING THE FUNCTIONS OF INFORMATION STORAGE, RETRIEVAL, UP-DATING, GROUPING, AND OUTPUT. ******************************************** Document 2915 AN ONLINE INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR AGGREGATE STATE AND LOCAL AREA ECONOMIC DATA. DESCRIBES THE DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE KENTUCKY ECONOMIC INFORMATION SYSTEM. THIS SYSTEM, WHICH IS THE 1ST OF ITS TYPE, IS A PUBLIC COMPUTER-BASED DATA STORAGE, RETRIEVAL, DISPLAY, AND ANALYSIS FACILITY THAT HAS BEEN DEVELOPED IN ORDER TO MAKE AGGREGATE ECONOMIC DATA PERTAINING PRIMARILY TO THE STATE OF KENTUCKY READILY AVAILABLE TO AND EASILY USABLE BY A WIDE VARIETY OF PEOPLE. THE SYSTEM IS CURRENTLY RESIDENT ON 2 SEPARATE COMPUTER NETWORKS AND IS ACCESSIBLE VIA A TELECOMMUNICATIONS TERMINAL OVER AN ORDINARY TELEPHONE LINE, AS WELL AS THROUGH LOCAL MODES OF ACCESS. ******************************************** Document 2916 POLICY IMPLICATIONS OF DATA NETWORK DEVELOPMENTS IN THE OECD AREA. PROCEEDINGS OF A SPECIAL SESSION OF THE ICCP WORKING PARTY, PARIS, 13-15 SEPT 78. THE OBJECTIVES OF THE MEETING WERE TO CONSTITUTE A FORUM FOR PRESENTATION OF PLANS AND DEVELOPMENTS IN THE BUILD-UP OF DATA NETWORKS IN MEMBER COUNTRIES; DISCUSSION OF OPERATIONAL ISSUES; CONSIDERATION OF THE NEED FOR OECD-WIDE DATA NETWORK POLICIES; AND IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIFIC PROBLEMS FOR THE SOLUTION OF WHICH THE OECD MAY BE THE PROPER SETTING. ******************************************** Document 2917 COMMUNICATIONS IN THE NEW 'MEDIA' (IN SPANISH). THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION MEDIA IS DISCUSSED WITH REFERENCE TO BROADCAST VIDEOTEXT (TELETEXT), INTERACTIVE VIDEOTEXT (VIEWDATA), AND INTERACTIVE VIDEOTEXT VIA CABLE. THE TYPES OF SERVICES AVAILABLE VIA THESE SYSTEMS ARE DISCUSSED. ******************************************** Document 2918 THE HOME OFFICE' VIDEOTEX AND PERSONAL COMPUTERS FOR OFFICE AUTOMATION. THE USA AND EUROPE HAVE SHIFTED FROM INDUSTRIAL TO INFORMATION ECONOMIES. THIS HAS HAD CONSEQUENCES FOR OFFICE ACTIVITIES, THE PROLIFERATION OF JOURNALS AND WORK PATTERNS. EXPLORES THE CONCEPT OF THE REMOTE OFFICE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ADVENT OF PERSONAL COMPUTING AND MASS CONSUMER COMPUTING (ESPECIALLY VIDEOTEX). DETAILED ATTENTION IS GIVEN TO VIDEOTEX APPLICATIONS AND THE USE OF PERSONAL COMPUTERS AS MULTIFUNCTION WORKSTATIONS. ******************************************** Document 2919 DISPLAY OF TEXT ON TELEVISION. A VIDEOTEX SERVICE WHEREBY THE GENERAL PUBLIC WILL BE ABLE TO ACCESS VARIOUS KINDS OF INFORMATION FROM CENTRAL DATA BASES DISPLAYS TEXTUAL AND GRAPHICAL INFORMATION ON TELEVISION RECEIVERS. TECHNICAL AND GRAPHIC DESIGN PROBLEMS RELATED TO THE DISPLAY OF SUCH INFORMATION ON A COLOUR TELEVISION ARE ADDRESSED. THE RESULTS OF SEVERAL STUDIES CONCERNED WITH THE DISPLAY OF TEXT ARE DESCRIBED, AND THE RELATIVE MERITS OF RED-GREEN-BLUE VERSUS COMPOSITE VIDEO INPUT ARE DISCUSSED. ******************************************** Document 2920 VIDEOTEX: WRIT LARGE OR SMALL?. A SURVEY OF VIDEOTEX SYSTEMS BEING DEVELOPED AROUND THE WORLD, CONCENTRATING ON THE UK'S PRESTEL AND CANADA'S TELIDON, IN ADDITION TO THE GATEWAY FACILITY FROM WEST GERMANY'S BILDSCHIRMTEXT, WHICH HAS BEEN PURCHASED BY PRESTEL. SHOWS HOW PRESTEL HAS FALLEN SHORT OF ITS TARGET FOR SUBSCRIBERS. ******************************************** Document 2921 INTELLIGENT ACCESS TO PRESTEL. THE FACILITIES OF PRESTEL, THE UK POST OFFICE VIEWDATA SERVICE, ARE OUTLINED, EMPHASISING THE ASPECTS OF ITS DESIGN WHICH MAKE IT VERY EASY TO USE. THE VERY SIMPLE STRUCTURE OF THE DATA IS ALSO DISCUSSED AND COMPARED WITH OTHER VIEWDATA SYSTEMS. NORMAL PRESTEL TERMINALS HAVE LIMITED CAPABILITIES BUT INTELLIGENT TERMINALS ARE BEING DEVELOPED WHICH WILL ALLOW TELESOFTWARE TO BE USED FOR PROGRAM DISTRIBUTION. AN EXAMPLE OF THE USE OF SUCH PROGRAMS IS TO IMPROVE THE METHOD OF ACCESS TO SPECIFIC DATA. SOME EXAMPLES ARE DESCRIBED WITH EMPHASIS ON THE NEED TO RETAIN THE UNDERLYING SIMPLICITY WHEN ADDING NEW CAPABILITIES. ******************************************** Document 2922 PRESTEL GATEWAY TO THIRD PARTY DATA BASES. THE FOLLOWING PAPERS WERE PRESENTED' NETWORKING IN THE GERMAN BILDSCHIRMTEXT SYSTEM, BY L. GRIEBL; THE BILDSCHIRMTEXT GATEWAY FACILITY-HOW DOES IT WORK?, BY D. GILBERT AND I. TAYLOR; ON-LINE BANKING SERVICES USING BILDSCHIRMTEXT, BY P. KOHN; IMPLEMENTATION OF 3RD PARTY DATA BASE SYSTEMS IN THE UK, BY K.E. CLARKE AND S.J. WILDERS; PRESTEL GATEWAY-THE COMMERCIAL ASPECTS, BY I.G. CHISHOLM; THE BUSINESS OPTIONS FOR CONNECTING TO PRESTEL GATEWAY, BY A.R. HAINES. ******************************************** Document 2923 BUZBY SWOOPS TO CONQUER. THE UK POST OFFICE'S PRESTEL SYSTEM IS EXPLAINED AND BRIEF DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF ITS OPERATION AND THE SERVICE IT PROVIDES. A DESCRIPTION IS GIVEN OF TELETEXT AND THE WAYS IN WHICH IT DIFFERS FROM VIEWDATA AND A BREAKDOWN OF THE COST OF PRESTEL AND THE RANGE OF INFORMATION IT OFFERS ARE CONSIDERED. THE 2 TYPES OF PRESTEL TERMINALS, I.E. BUSINESS OR DOMESTIC SETS, ARE DESCRIBED. A SURVEY OF MANUFACTURERS OF ADAPTORS, WHICH CAN BE USED TO OBTAIN PRESTEL ON A HOME TELEVISION SET, IS PRESENTED AND FINALLY, CONSIDERATION IS GIVEN TO PRESTEL'S FUTURE AND GATEWAY, WHEREBY A PRESTEL USER CAN GAIN ACCESS TO A 3RD PARTY DATA BASE, PARTICULARLY IN THE TRAVEL, MAIL ORDER AND BANKING SECTORS. ******************************************** Document 2924 VIEWDATA. 3 PAPERS ARE INCLUDED: A RACE FOR STAYERS? (J. HORSLEY) PROVIDES A SURVEY OF PRIVATE VIEWDATA; GATEWAY TO PRESTEL'S FUTURE? (E. BIRD) EXPLAINS THE RELEVANCE OF GATEWAY TO DATA PROCESSING MANAGEMENT; WEST GERMAN EXPERIMENT BRINGS PUBLIC ON-LINE (D. GILBERT) DESCRIBES THE GERMANS' USE OF GATEWAY CONNECTIONS. ******************************************** Document 2925 THE APPLICATION OF PICTURE CODING TECHNIQUES TO VIEWDATA. A TECHNIQUE FOR INCLUDING COLOUR PICTURES IN A VIEWDATA PAGE HAS BEEN DEVELOPED BY THE POST OFFICE RESEARCH CENTRE. THE NEED FOR IMPROVED GRAPHICS IS EXPLAINED. THE METHOD OF PICTURE CODING IS OUTLINED INCLUDING SOME TECHNICAL DETAIL, HARDWARE NEEDED AND COSTS INVOLVED. EXAMPLES OF APPLICATIONS ARE GIVEN INCLUDING MAIL ORDER, ADVERTISING, PORTRAITS, SECURITY SYSTEMS AND EDUCATION. ******************************************** Document 2926 A DESCRIPTION OF THE BROADCAST TELIDON SYSTEM. THE DATA FORMAT WHICH HAS BEEN ADOPTED FOR THE TELIDON SYSTEM IS DESCRIBED. THE SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS ARE LISTED FOLLOWED BY A DETAILED ACCOUNT OF THE STRUCTURE USED TO TRANSMIT DATA SUCH THAT THESE REQUIREMENTS ARE MET. THE ALPHA-GEOMETRIC CODING ALLOWS DISPLAY TECHNOLOGY AND RESOLUTION TO BE INDEPENDENT OF THE CODES. ******************************************** Document 2927 COMPARATIVE TERMINAL REALIZATIONS WITH ALPHA-GEOMETRIC CODING. IT IS CONSIDERED DESIRABLE THAT A VIDEOTEX SYSTEM SHOULD BE CAPABLE OF TRANSMITTING BOTH HIGH AND LOW QUALITY GRAPHICS AND TERMINALS SHOULD BE ABLE TO PRODUCE AN IMAGE FROM EITHER TYPE OF SIGNAL ACCORDING TO THE TERMINAL DESIGN. SYSTEMS CONFIGURATIONS ARE SHOWN TO ILLUSTRATE TERMINALS OF VARIOUS LEVELS OF SOPHISTICATION. IT IS THOUGHT THAT IN THE NEAR FUTURE THE COST DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE EXTREMES OF SOPHISTICATION WILL NOT BE GREAT. REFERENCE IS MADE TO THE CAPABILITIES OF TELIDON SOFTWARE FLEXIBILITY. ******************************************** Document 2928 ENHANCED UK TELETEXT MOVES TOWARDS STILL PICTURES. A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE CEEFAX SYSTEM IS GIVEN ALONG WITH CURRENT WORK TO IMPROVE THE SERVICE. AREAS WHICH ARE CONSIDERED TO NEED IMPROVEMENT ARE ACCESS, CHARACTER REPERTOIRE AND PICTURES. ******************************************** Document 2929 TELETEXT SYSTEMS ARE APPROACHING WITH CAUTION. COMMENTS ON THE REPORT BY THE TELETEXT COMMITTEE, SET UP IN 1978 BY THE PRIME MINISTER'S OFFICE TO EXAMINE WHETHER THERE WAS ANY JUSTIFICATION FOR INTRODUCING 1 OR MORE TELETEXT SYSTEMS IN DENMARK AND TO EVALUATE THE COSTS INVOLVED. THE REPORT RECOMMENDS THE INTRODUCTION OF TEXT-TV, WHICH IS REGARDED AS A USEFUL AND CHEAP MEANS OF TEXTING TV PROGRAMMES AND DISTRIBUTING GENERAL INFORMATION. TELEDATA'S DIRECT CONNECTION TO DATA BASES WITH UNLIMITED INFORMATION MAKES IT ESPECIALLY USEFUL FOR INFORMATION SEARCHES. IT CAN ALSO BE USED BY LIBRARIES FOR LOCATION OF BOOKS, LOAN INFORMATION, AND READERS' ADVICE. OTHER USES INCLUDE' UPDATING OF REFERENCE WORKS AND ALL SOCIAL INFORMATION OF A CHANGING NATURE' TIMETABLES, ADDRESS LISTS, ETC. HOWEVER, TELEDATA IS VERY COSTLY AND DEMANDS A HIGH DEGREE OF ADAPTABILITY BY USERS. ITS INTRODUCTION AS A PERMANENT PUBLIC SERVICE SHOULD THEREFORE AWAIT THE RESULTS OF THE PLANNED EXPERIMENT EXPECTED IN 1983 AND SHO ULD ALSO BE DISCUSSED BY THE MEDIA COMMISSION. ******************************************** Document 2930 TELETEXT IN EXPERIMENTAL SERVICE (IN GERMAN). DESCRIBES A 25 MONTH TELETEXT EXPERIMENT BEING CARRIED OUT BY THE SWISS RADIO AND TV COMPANY AND THE SWISS ASSOCIATION OF NEWSPAPER AND MAGAZINE PUBLISHERS, WHICH COMPRISES 10 MAJOR SWISS PUBLISHING COMPANIES. IN THE EXPERIMENT, A 'TELEVISED NEWSPAPER' IS BROADCAST TO THE GERMAN-SPEAKING AREAS OF SWITZERLAND. LOOKS AT COSTS OF PROVIDING THE SERVICE, THE NEED FOR A WORLDWIDE STANDARD AND THE WAY TELETEXT SYSTEMS FUNCTION. ******************************************** Document 2931 TELESOFTWARE-VALUE ADDED TELETEXT. THE INTRODUCTION OF THE HOME MICROCOMPUTER TO A LARGE POPULATION IS DISCUSSED. THE NEED TO MAKE IT CHEAP, EASY TO BUY AND OPERATE AND PROVIDE THE CORRECT SERVICE IS EMPHASISED. USING THE TELEVISION AND THE TELETEXT SYSTEM, A METHOD OF PROVIDING COMPUTING POWER IN THE HOME IS DESCRIBED. THE HARDWARE NECESSARY, DESIGN OF PROGRAMMES AND HOW THE ORACLE SOFTWARE MAY BE USED ARE CONSIDERED. ******************************************** Document 2932 THE FACTFINDER INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM. FACTFINDER IS A MINICOMPUTER-BASED INFORMATION HANDLING PACKAGE DEVELOPED ON THE BASIS OF TOTAL INFORMATION MANAGEMENT. WITHIN THE SYSTEM THE CONCEPTS OF TEXT PROCESSING AND WORD PROCESSING ARE UNITED TO PROVIDE EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF INFORMATION AT EVERY STAGE. THUS, FACTFINDER COMBINES FLEXIBLE DATA INPUT FACILITIES WITH A POWERFUL RETRIEVAL CAPABILITY, ENHANCED BY THE INCLUSION OF EFFICIENT EDITING AND REPORTING FUNCTIONS. FACTFINDER IS SPECIFICALLY DESIGNED FOR INTERACTIVE USE IN A MULTI-USER ENVIRONMENT. INPUT IS USER-DEFINED AND MAY BE FREE TEXT OR FORMATTED. EDITING AND RETRIEVAL ARE ALSO ON-LINE PROCEDURES AND DUE TO FACTFINDER'S EFFICIENT BACKGROUND PROCESSING FACILITY, THE UPDATING AND PRINTING FUNCTIONS MAY RUN SIMULTANEOUSLY WITH THESE ON-LINE TERMINAL ACTIVITIES. ANY BATCH ROUTINES ARE ALSO INITIATED AT THE TERMINALS ALTHOUGH THESE ARE FEW AND OF A UTILITY OR SECURITY NATURE. FACTFINDER IS BASED ON THE SWEDISH IMDOC SYSTEM AND IS M ARKETED BY MCS MINI-COMPUTER SYSTEMS LTD. THE SOFTWARE IS WRITTEN IN EXTENSIVE BASIC AND THE SYSTEM IS AVAILABLE AS A COMPLETE PACKAGE OF SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE BASED ON THE DATA GENERAL RANGE OF MINICOMPUTERS. BOTH SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE ARE FULLY SUPPORTED BY MINI-COMPUTER SYSTEMS LTD. ******************************************** Document 2933 CAIRS-A COMPUTER ASSISTED INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM. A FLEXIBLE LOW COST MINICOMPUTER BASED INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM IS DESCRIBED. CAIRS (COMPUTER ASSISTED INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM) ALLOWS INFORMATION IN THE FORM OF DOCUMENTS, TEXT, RECORDS OR ABSTRACTS TO BE STORED IN A COMPUTER DATA BASE. THE PROGRAMS HAVE BEEN WRITTEN IN RTL2, A HIGH LEVEL TRANSPORTABLE COMPUTER LANGUAGE, WHICH ALLOWS CAIRS TO RUN ON MOST POPULAR MINICOMPUTERS. DATA ENTRY IS CARRIED OUT USING A DIRECT KEY TO DISC FACILITY, WITH FORMATTED VISUAL DISPLAY SCREENS BEING PRESENTED TO SPEED INPUT. THE ADVANTAGES OF INPUT VALIDATION AND EFFICIENT EDITING OF ENTERED MATERIAL ARE FULLY EXPLOITED, AND AN INTERACTIVE THESAURUS MAY ALSO BE USED. DATA ON CAIRS CAN BE INDEXED USING CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS OR HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURES. ALTERNATIVELY, KEYWORD INDEXING OF THE AUTOMATIC, SEMI-AUTOMATIC OR MANUAL TYPE MAY BE APPLIED, PLUS EITHER A FREE OR CONTROLLED LANGUAGE VOCABULARY. SEARCHING PROCEEDS VIA INVERTED FILE AND SER IAL (STRING) SEARCH FUNCTIONS, ALTHOUGH A VARIETY OF SPECIALISED TASKS ALLOW BULLETINS, LISTS AND CATALOGUES TO BE PRODUCED. CAIRS IS DESIGNED TO REPLACE ANY APPLICATIONS WHERE MANUAL CARD INDEX FILING SYSTEMS ARE EMPLOYED, AND IS AVAILABLE AS BOTH A SOFTWARE SYSTEM OR AS A COMPLETE SOFTWARE/HARDWARE PACKAGE. ******************************************** Document 2934 ONLINE TRAINING SESSIONS' SUGGESTED GUIDELINES. TABLES ARE SHOWN GIVING GUIDELINES FOR BEGINNING TRAINING, ADVANCED TRAINING, SUBJECT TRAINING, DATA BASE PRODUCER TRAINING AND INTRODUCTORY WORKSHOPS. ******************************************** Document 2935 COMPUTER READABLE DATA BASES AND THE FUTURE OF INFORMATION SERVICES. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE USICA SEMINAR ON 'ENTERING THE INFORMATION AGE', BANGALORE, JUNE 3-4, 81. DEALS WITH THE VARIETIES, GENESIS AND GROWTH OF COMPUTER-READABLE DATA BASES (CRDB). EXPLAINS SOME TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF CRDBS; AND ALSO THE CRDB SERVICES. REFERS TO THE NEED FOR CRDB RESOURCE SHARING THROUGH NETWORKING. ENUMERATES THE ROLES OF THE AGENCIES OFFERING CRDB SERVICES. TAKES NOTE OF THE IMPACT OF CRDB HAS CREATED; AND INDICATES THE FUTURE TREND RELATING TO INFORMATION SERVICES. ******************************************** Document 2936 FEATURE COMPARISON OF AN IN-HOUSE INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM WITH A COMMERCIAL SEARCH SERVICE. A COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE ON-LINE SEARCH SERVICE WAS USED AS A STANDARD FOR COMPARATIVE SEARCHING AND EVALUATION OF AN IN-HOUSE INFORMATION SYSTEM BASED ON AUTOMATIC INDEXING. SYSTEM FEATURES WERE IDENTIFIED AND EVALUATED ON THE BASIS OF THEIR USEFULNESS IN VARIOUS KINDS OF SEARCHING, THEIR EASE IN IMPLEMENTATION, AND HOW THEY ARE INFLUENCED BY DIFFERENCES IN USER TYPE OR SPECIFIC APPLICATIONS. SOME COMMON FEATURES OF THE COMMERCIAL SYSTEM, SUCH AS ON-LINE INSTRUCTION, USER-SPECIFIED PRINT FORMATS, DICTIONARY DISPLAY, AND TRUNCATION, ARE SEEN TO BE UNNECESSARY OR IMPRACTICAL FOR THE IN-HOUSE SYSTEM. ******************************************** Document 2937 GOOD AMERICAN AND ENGLISH EXPERIENCE WITH ON-LINE SEARCHING. EXAMINES SOME PUBLICATIONS CONCERNED WITH THE ROLE OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN COMPUTER SEARCHING. DESCRIBES A 3 YEAR PROJECT (DIALIB) IN CALIFORNIA SEEKING TO INVESTIGATE THE ROLE OF THE PUBLIC LIBRARY AS A LINKING AGENT TO COMMERCIAL DATA BASES USING THE LOCKHEED DIALOG INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SERVICE. THE SERVICE WAS FREE FOR THE 1ST YEAR ONLY. USERS WERE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS AND RESEARCHERS, PROFESSIONAL PEOPLE AND LIBRARIANS. PROVIDES A CHECKLIST OF POINTS TO BE OBSERVED IN THE PLANNING PHASE. CONCLUDES THAT ON-LINE SERVICES ARE A NATURAL DEVELOPMENT IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES SUPPLEMENTING TRADITIONAL REFERENCE SERVICES. DESCRIBES ANOTHER PROJECT INVOLVING 4 PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN ENGLAND. THE PLANNED ON-LINE SERVICE IN LANCASHIRE (BIROS) WAS TO BE A SERVICE SEPARATE FROM THE MANUAL REFERENCE WORK. HERE TOO, STAFF WAS SPECIALLY TRAINED AND THE PUBLIC, MAINLY FROM EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS, SEEMED WILLING TO PAY THE NECESSARY FEES. A SET OF ' GUIDELINES' WAS PREPARED. FINALLY, DISCUSSES ATHERTON AND CHRISTIAN'S' 'LIBRARIANS AND ONLINE SERVICES', WHICH EXAMINES HOW AND WHY LIBRARIES MAKE AUTOMATED SEARCH SYSTEMS AVAILABLE AND STRESSES THAT THESE SYSTEMS CHANGE THE ROLE OF THE REFERENCE LIBRARIAN QUALITATIVELY FROM THAT OF AN ARCHIVIST TO THAT OF AN INFORMATION SPECIALIST. ******************************************** Document 2938 INTERNATIONAL RESOURCES ONLINE IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES' THE HOLES IN THE SWISS CHEESE. ORIGINALLY ENTITLED INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS ONLINE AND PRESENTED AT THE 42ND ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE, MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, 17 OCT 79. ALTHOUGH THE RANGE OF ON-LINE BIBLIOGRAPHIC RESOURCES HAS GROWN CONSIDERABLY OVER THE LAST FEW YEARS, THERE ARE STILL MANY HOLES TO BE FILLED WITHIN AND AROUND EXISTING SOCIAL SCIENCE DATA BASES. LOOKING AT ONE SMALL PART OF THE SUBJECT AREA/INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS-EXAMINES CURRENT DATA BASES AND POSSIBILITIES FOR EXPANSION. ******************************************** Document 2939 FRENCH LEGAL AND ECONOMIC DATA BASES AND DATA BANKS. A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO THE ON-LINE SERVICES AVAILABLE TO FRENCH USERS, FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF INFORMATION PROVISION AS AN INDUSTRY WITH SPECIALISED PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION AGENCIES. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF SUBJECT COVERAGE AND SERVICES FOR DATA BANKS AND BASES IN THE ECONOMIC AND LEGAL FIELDS DESIGNED FOR THE FRENCH MARKET, AND THE INTERNATIONAL MARKET. OTHER RELEVANT BUT LESS SPECIALISED INFORMATION SERVICES ARE SURVEYED, AND DEVELOPMENTS IN SERVICE PROVISION DISCUSSED IN RELATION TO CURRENT STANDARDS, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE PROBLEMS OF DOCUMENT DELIVERY. ******************************************** Document 2940 SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION IN THE HUNGARIAN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY. HUNGARIAN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY LEADERS HAVE RECOGNISED THAT THEIR INDUSTRY'S INFORMATION DEMANDS CAN BE MET ONLY BY SUBSCRIPTION TO INFORMATION SERVICES USING MODERN DATA PROCESSING METHODS. A COLLECTIVE DATA BASE-THE SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION GROUP OF THE HUNGARIAN ASSOCIATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIES-WAS ESTABLISHED IN 1970, AND SUBSCRIBES TO SERVICES SUCH AS FARMDOC, AGDOC, FOODDOC, CHEMDOC, AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING. DESCRIBES THE SERVICES AND THE USE MADE OF THEM. ******************************************** Document 2941 DATA-TAGGING EXPERIMENT FOR ENERGY-RELATED DOCUMENTS AT CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE. AN EXPERIMENT IS DESCRIBED THAT EVALUATED THE USEFULNESS AND ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF INCORPORATING DATA TAGS INTO SECONDARY INFORMATION FILES. TAGS ARE BRIEF CODES THAT INDICATE THE PRESENCE IN A PRIMARY DOCUMENT OF SPECIFIC TYPES OF NUMERICAL DATA. TAGS WERE SELECTED IN COOPERATION WITH USERS OF THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY'S (DOE) RECON SYSTEM AND ADDED TO A SPECIAL VERSION OF THE COMPUTER-READABLE ENERGY FILE. RECON USERS ASSISTED IN AN EVALUATION OF THE TAGGING PROCESS. IT WAS FOUND THAT DATA TAGS DO INCREASE ACCESS TO NUMERICAL DATA IN THE PRIMARY LITERATURE, BUT A FILE SPANNING SEVERAL YEARS IS NECESSARY TO PRODUCE USEFUL RESULTS. EVALUATION OF PROCESSING COSTS REVEALED THAT AFTER THE INITIAL TRAINING PERIOD, COSTS WERE NOT SIGNIFICANTLY GREATER FOR THE NUMBER AND TYPES OF DATA TAGS EMPLOYED IN THIS STUDY. THE FEASIBILITY OF INCLUDING DATA TAGS IN NONENERGY SECTIONS OF 2CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS 1WAS EXAMIN ED WITH PRIMARY EMPHASIS ON ECONOMIC AND EDITORIAL FACTORS. IT WAS SHOWN THAT SUBJECT CONTENT GOVERNS THE SELECTION OF DATA TYPES TO BE TAGGED FOR A SECTION OR GROUP OF RELATED SECTIONS WITH THE OVERRIDING CONSIDERATION OF USER REQUIREMENTS. ******************************************** Document 2942 A PILOT TRAINING COURSE FOR ONLINE USE OF AGRICULTURAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS-EXPERIENCES AND RECOMMENDATIONS. 45 AGRICULTURAL INFORMATION SPECIALISTS FROM 8 EEC MEMBER COUNTRIES AND EEC INSTITUTIONS ATTENDED THE 5 DAY COURSE SPONSORED BY THE EEC COMMISSION AND HELD AT DIMDI (GERMAN INSTITUTE FOR MEDICAL DOCUMENTATION AND INFORMATION) IN COLOGNE 10-14 DEC 79. COURSE GOALS WERE TO INTRODUCE PARTICIPANTS TO THE ON-LINE USE OF COMPUTERISED AGRICULTURAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS, TO ENCOURAGE THE ON-LINE USE OF SUCH SYSTEMS AND TO HELP PARTICIPANTS ORGANISE SIMILAR COURSES IN THEIR OWN COUNTRIES. INSTRUCTION WAS CENTRED ON PRESENTATION AND DEMONSTRATION OF THE INFORMATION SYSTEMS AGREP, AGRIS, CAB, CRIS, FSTA AND THE FAL GENE DATA BANK, AND ALSO OF THE EUROPEAN INFORMATION NETWORK EURONET/DIANE (DIRECT INFORMATION ACCESS NETWORK FOR EUROPE), COMMAND LANGUAGES AND SEARCH STRATEGIES. ******************************************** Document 2943 THE USE OF ISBNS COMPARED WITH KEYWORDS AS MEANS OF RETRIEVING BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORDS ON-LINE. (PROJECT UNDERTAKEN FOR THE BNB RESEARCH FUND, JAN-NOV 79) REPORT OF AN EXPERIMENT DESIGNED TO QUANTIFY THE TIMES TAKEN TO RETRIEVE BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORDS AT AN ON-LINE TERMINAL USING INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBERS AND KEYWORDS. THE OVERALL RATIO IN FAVOUR OF SEARCHING BY ISBN WAS FOUND TO BE 1'1&.912. ******************************************** Document 2944 ANSWER-PASSAGE RETRIEVAL BY TEXT SEARCHING. PASSAGE RETRIEVAL (ALREADY OPERATIONAL FOR LAWYERS) HAS ADVANTAGES IN OUTPUT FORM OVER REFERENCE RETRIEVAL AND IS ECONOMICALLY FEASIBLE. PREVIOUS EXPERIMENTS IN PASSAGE RETRIEVAL FOR SCIENTISTS HAVE DEMONSTRATED RECALL AND FALSE RETRIEVAL RATES AS GOOD OR BETTER THAN THOSE OF PRESENT REFERENCE RETRIEVAL SERVICES. THE PRESENT EXPERIMENT INVOLVED A GREATER VARIETY OF FORMS OF RETRIEVAL QUESTION. IN ADDITION, SEARCH WORDS WERE SELECTED INDEPENDENTLY BY 2 DIFFERENT PEOPLE FOR EACH RETRIEVAL QUESTION. THE SEARCH WORDS SELECTED, IN COMBINATION WITH THE COMPUTER PROCEDURES USED FOR PASSAGE RETRIEVAL, PRODUCED AVERAGE RECALL RATIOS OF 72 AND 67%, RESPECTIVELY, FOR THE 2 SELECTORS. THE FALSE RETRIEVAL RATES WERE (EXCEPT FOR 1 PREDICTABLY DIFFICULT QUESTION) RESPECTIVELY 13 AND 10 FALSELY RETRIEVED SENTENCES PER ANSWER-PAPER RETRIEVED. ******************************************** Document 2945 PROBLEM OF RETRIEVAL FILE STRUCTURE OPTIMISATION ACCORDING TO RETRIEVAL TIME CRITERION. WHEN DEVELOPING ON-LINE RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS, THE SPEED OF RESPONSE TO INQUIRIES IS ONE OF THE MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SYSTEM'S QUALITY. CONSIDERS A COMPONENT OF RESPONSE TIME-THE DESCRIPTOR RETRIEVAL TIME. DISCUSSES DIRECT, INVERSE, AND COMBINED PATTERNS OF FILE ORGANISATION, MAKES A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS, AND EVALUATES DESCRIPTOR RETRIEVAL TIME FOR EACH. PROPOSES A PROBABILITY MODEL OF RETRIEVAL IN A COMBINED FILE. ON THE BASIS OF THIS MODEL, THE PROBLEM OF OPTIMISING A COMBINED FILE ACCORDING TO THE TIME CRITERION IS SOLVED. ******************************************** Document 2946 FUZZY REQUESTS' AN APPROACH TO WEIGHTED BOOLEAN SEARCHES. CONCERNS THE PROBLEM OF HOW TO PERMIT A PATRON TO REPRESENT THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF VARIOUS INDEX TERMS IN A BOOLEAN REQUEST WHILE RETAINING THE DESIRABLE PROPERTIES OF A BOOLEAN SYSTEM. CLASSICAL BOOLEAN SYSTEMS ARE REVIEWED AND RELATED TO THE NOTION OF FUZZY SETS. THE FUZZY SET CONCEPT THEN FORMS THE BASIS OF THE CONCEPT OF A FUZZY REQUEST IN WHICH WEIGHTS ARE ASSIGNED TO INDEX TERMS. THE PROPERTIES OF SUCH A SYSTEM ARE DISCUSSED, AND IT IS SHOWN THAT SUCH SYSTEMS RETAIN THE MANIPULABILITY OF TRADITIONAL BOOLEAN REQUESTS. ******************************************** Document 2947 SEARCHING BIASES IN LARGE INTERACTIVE DOCUMENT RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS. THE WAY THAT INDIVIDUALS CONSTRUCT AND MODIFY SEARCH QUERIES ON A LARGE INTERACTIVE DOCUMENT RETRIEVAL SYSTEM IS SUBJECT TO SYSTEMATIC BIASES SIMILAR TO THOSE THAT HAVE BEEN DEMONSTRATED IN EXPERIMENTS ON JUDGMENTS UNDER UNCERTAINTY. THESE BIASES ARE SHARED BY BOTH NAIVE AND SOPHISTICATED SUBJECTS AND CAUSE THE INQUIRER TO CONSTRUCT AND MODIFY QUERIES INEFFICIENTLY. A SEARCHING ALGORITHM IS SUGGESTED THAT HELPS THE INQUIRER TO AVOID THE EFFECT OF THESE BIASES. ******************************************** Document 2948 AN EXPERIMENT ON THE PHENOMENA OF WORD OCCURRENCES. DESCRIBES THE METHOD OF SELECTING INDEX TERMS DIRECTLY FROM A FREQUENCY LIST. WORD FREQUENCIES OF AN ARTICLE WERE ANALYSED WHOSE RESULTS CLEARLY INDICATE THAT THE AUTOMATED SELECTION OF INDEX TERMS FROM A FREQUENCY LIST HOLDS SOME PROMISE FOR AUTOMATIC INDEXING. ******************************************** Document 2949 INDEXING EXHAUSTIVITY AND THE COMPUTATION OF SIMILARITY MATRICES. SOME OF THE AUTOMATIC CLASSIFICATION PROCEDURES USED IN INFORMATION RETRIEVAL DERIVE CLUSTERS OF DOCUMENTS FROM AN INTERMEDIATE SIMILARITY MATRIX, THE COMPUTATION OF WHICH INVOLVES COMPARING EACH OF THE DOCUMENTS IN THE COLLECTION WITH ALL OF THE OTHERS. IT HAS RECENTLY BEEN SUGGESTED THAT MANY OF THESE COMPARISONS, SPECIFICALLY THOSE BETWEEN DOCUMENTS HAVING NO TERMS IN COMMON, MAY BE AVOIDED BY MEANS OF THE USE OF AN INVERTED FILE TO THE DOCUMENT COLLECTION. IT IS SHOWN THAT THE APPROACH WILL EFFECT REDUCTIONS IN THE NUMBER OF INTERDOCUMENT COMPARISONS ONLY IF THE DOCUMENTS ARE EACH INDEXED BY A LIMITED NUMBER OF INDEXING TERMS; IF EXHAUSTIVE INDEXING IS USED, MANY DOCUMENT PAIRS WILL BE COMPARED SEVERAL TIMES OVER AND THE COMPUTATION WILL BE GREATER THAN WHEN CONVENTIONAL APPROACHES ARE USED TO GENERATE THE SIMILARITY MATRIX. ******************************************** Document 2950 PRE-SYNTACTIC STAGE OF TEXT PROCESSING OF ORGANISATIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE DOCUMENTATION. DISCUSSES THE LINGUISTIC PREREQUISITES OF THE INTRODUCTION, INTO AUTOMATED SYSTEMS OF PROCESSING ORGANISATIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE DOCUMENTATION (OAD), OF A SPECIAL PRE-SYNTACTIC STAGE FOR PROCESSING STABLE WORD COMBINATIONS IN THE OAD SUBLANGUAGE. CLASSIFIES THESE WORD COMBINATIONS AND DETERMINES THE CHARACTER OF THEIR STABILITY. MAKES A CONTENT-AND-LINGUISTIC STATEMENT OF TASKS OF THE PRE-SYNTACTIC PROCESSING STAGE WHEN PLACED BETWEEN THE MORPHOLOGICAL AND SYNTACTIC STAGES OF THE ANALYSIS. ******************************************** Document 2951 FUNCTIONAL PERSPECTIVE OF THE SENTENCE AND CONTEXT DETERMINATION. COMPARES A NUMBER OF APPROACHES TO THE FUNCTIONAL PERSPECTIVE OF A SENTENCE AND EXPLAINS THE APPROACH WHICH IS CHOSEN. ******************************************** Document 2952 THE ELECTRONIC OFFICE. OVER THE NEXT 5 YEARS MOST OFFICE STAFF WILL EXPERIENCE A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT AS AUTOMATED SYSTEMS AFFECT THEIR WORK PATTERNS. BRIEFLY LOOKS AT EQUIPMENT CURRENTLY IN USE SUCH AS WORD PROCESSORS, MOSTLY LIMITED TO DOCUMENT PRODUCTION TYPE ACTIVITIES, AND ASSESSES FUTURE TRENDS TOWARDS INTEGRATED INFORMATION SYSTEMS. ******************************************** Document 2953 AN INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY. ORIGINALLY PREPARED FOR THE ROYAL INSTITUTION OF CHARTERED SURVEYORS (RICS), UK, ANNUAL CONFERENCE 1980. ATTEMPTS TO ESTABLISH THE EFFECTS OF MODERN TECHNOLOGY ON ALL ASPECTS OF SURVEYING. LOOKS AT GENERAL DEVELOPMENTS, INCLUDING SOFTWARE BACKUP, AND SEEKS TO RELATE THESE DEVELOPMENTS TO THE MORE SPECIALISED REQUIREMENTS OF EACH BRANCH OF THE PROFESSION AND ADD FURTHER INDIVIDUAL NEEDS. THE INVOLVEMENT OF THE RICS IN BOTH ADVISING AND TRAINING ITS MEMBERS IS DISCUSSED, WHILST THE MORE SPECIALIST REQUIREMENTS OF GENERAL OFFICE STAFF TRAINING ARE ALSO REVIEWED. OUTLINES METHODS WHEREBY SURVEYORS AND THE RICS CAN KEEP ABREAST OF FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS DURING THE NEXT DECADE AND MAKE SUGGESTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS WHICH WOULD AFFECT FUTURE RICS POLICY. ******************************************** Document 2954 THE SILICON CHIP BOOK. TRACES THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTERS FROM THE EARLIEST 'DINOSAURS' THE SIZE OF AN OFFICE TO THE MINUTE SOLID-STATE MICROPROCESSOR, ABLE TO ANALYSE AND REPORT IN NANOSECONDS. SHOWS THAT SOCIAL SCHISMS CAUSED BY GOVERNMENTS' FAILURE TO HARNESS THE FRUITS OF THIS 2ND INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ARE ALREADY HERE. ******************************************** Document 2955 REMOTE FILE ACCESS' A DATA-ACCESS PROTOCOL FOR COMPUTER NETWORKS. COMPUTER INTERCONNECTION IS ASSUMING CLEAR STRUCTURE OWING TO THE SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTIONS TOWARD STANDARDISING COMMUNICATION PROCEDURES THAT HAVE BEEN MADE BY A NUMBER OF INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL ORGANISATIONS. DESCRIBES A PROTOCOL FOR FILE TRANSFER. ******************************************** Document 2956 CHARACTERISTICS OF MICROS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS. IN RECENT YEARS, THE MARKET IN MICROCOMPUTERS HAS MUSHROOMED MAKING SUCH SYSTEMS AVAILABLE AT PRICES FROM UNDER *6100-*610,000'S, RIVALLING THE FACILITIES AND POWER OF MINICOMPUTERS OR EVEN SMALL MAINFRAMES. GIVES A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MICROCOMPUTERS AND DESCRIBES THE VARIOUS COMPONENTS OF SUCH A SYSTEM. PAYS PARTICULAR ATTENTION TO THE TYPE OF COMPONENT THAT IS LIKELY TO BE AVAILABLE IN SYSTEMS WHICH CAN BE CLASSIFIED AS 'SMALL BUSINESS SYSTEMS' AND INVESTIGATES THE APPLICATIONS OF SUCH SYSTEMS. DESPITE THE VAST MARKET IN MICROCOMPUTERS, THERE ARE STILL MANY RESTRICTIONS WHICH MAY PREVENT THEIR BEING USED IN SOME APPLICATIONS, SUCH AS THE CAPACITY OF THE PRIMARY MEMORY. FURTHERMORE, THERE ARE VERY FEW STANDARDS IN THE AREA OF MICROCOMPUTERS, LEADING TO PROBLEMS OF COMPATIBILITY BOTH FROM THE HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE VIEWPOINT. SUCH PROBLEMS ARE BEING OVERCOME AT PRESENT BUT IT IS LIKELY THAT THEY WILL PERSIST FOR SOME TIME TO COME AS THE PRESSURES OF MARKETING CANNOT WAIT FOR STANDARDS TO BE DEVELOPED. THE RESTRICTIONS OF MICROCOMPUTERS ARE ALSO BEING OVERCOME, PARTICULARLY WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF 16-BIT (AND EVEN 32-BIT) PROCESSORS AND MORE SOPHISTICATED METHODS OF STORAGE, SUCH AS 'BUBBLE MEMORIES'. EXAMINES SUCH DEVELOPMENTS AND BRIEFLY CONTRASTS DEVELOPMENTS IN HARDWARE WITH THOSE IN SOFTWARE. ******************************************** Document 2957 THE USE OF TRIGRAM ANALYSIS FOR SPELLING ERROR DETECTION. WORK PERFORMED UNDER THE SPELLING ERROR DETECTION CORRECTION PROJECT (SPEEDCOP) SUPPORTED BY NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION (NSF) AT CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE (CAS) TO DEVISE EFFECTIVE AUTOMATIC METHODS OF DETECTING AND CORRECTING MISSPELLINGS IN SCHOLARLY AND SCIENTIFIC TEXT IS DESCRIBED. THE INVESTIGATION WAS APPLIED TO 50,000 WORD/MISSPELLING PAIRS COLLECTED FROM 6 DATASETS (2CHEMICAL INDUSTRY NOTES, BIOLOGICAL ABSTRACTS, CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS1, AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY PRIMARY JOURNAL KEYBOARDING, 2INFORMATION SCIENCE ABSTRACTS1, AND DISTRIBUTED ON-LINE EDITING (DOLE) (A CAS INTERNAL DATASET ESPECIALLY SUITED TO SPELLING ERROR STUDIES). THE PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY WAS TO DETERMINE THE UTILITY OF TRIGRAM ANALYSIS IN THE AUTOMATIC DETECTION AND/OR CORRECTION OF MISSPELLINGS. ******************************************** Document 2958 WHATS' NEW IN WORD/TEXT PROCESSING. THE TECHNOLOGIES OF DATA, WORD, AND TEXT PROCESSING ARE MERGING AND THIS DEVELOPMENT WILL EVENTUALLY LEAD TO THE FULLY INTEGRATED OFFICE. COMPLETE INTEGRATION SHOULD BRING ABOUT CONSIDERABLE IMPROVEMENT IN EFFICIENCY AND A REDUCTION IN COST OF OFFICE PERSONNEL. PROVIDES AN OVERVIEW OF THE LATEST DEVELOPMENTS DESIGNED FOR THE INTEGRATED OFFICE OF THE FUTURE. ******************************************** Document 2959 MERGING DP AND WP' THE OFFICE OF THE FUTURE IS NOW. WORD PROCESSING AND DATA PROCESSING, TOGETHER WITH OTHER INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES, ARE BEGINNING TO MERGE INTO INTEGRATED OFFICE SYSTEMS. EVENTUALLY, THIS MERGER WILL MAKE THE OFFICE OF THE FUTURE A REALITY. PRESENT TRENDS AND EQUIPMENT DEVELOPMENTS ARE EXAMINED. THE AVAILABILITY OF CHEAPER MACHINES, THE FLEXIBILITY OF MULTIFUNCTION WORK STATIONS, POTENTIAL MARKETS, THE ROLE OF TRAINING, ETC. ARE CONSIDERED. ******************************************** Document 2960 COMPUTERIZED TEXT MANAGEMENT. SOME APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTERISED TEXT MANAGEMENT (CIM) ARE CONSIDERED, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE ADVANCED TEXT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, A SOFTWARE PACKAGE SUPPLIED BY IBM. A DESCRIPTION IS GIVEN OF HOW DATA BASES WERE SET UP AT ONE TRAFFIC ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT IN THE US AND AT THE DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL SERVICES. THE BENEFITS OF CTM ARE SUMMARISED. ******************************************** Document 2961 CLUSTERED SYSTEMS INTEGRATE INFORMATION. THE 2ND PART OF A 3-PART SERIES CONCERNING TEXT-EDITING EQUIPMENT. CLUSTERED SYSTEMS CONTAIN MULTIPLE WORK STATIONS, COMPUTERS, AND PERIPHERAL DEVICES. THEY ALLOW USERS TO SHARE A COMMON DATA BASE AND FACILITIES, REDUCING OVERALL SYSTEM COSTS AND PROVIDING EXPANDED CAPABILITIES FOR EACH USER. LISTS THE MAJOR CLUSTERED SYSTEMS CURRENTLY AVAILABLE AND, WHERE APPLICABLE, THE LATEST ENHANCEMENTS AND PLANNED CAPABILITIES. ******************************************** Document 2962 USE OF WORD PROCESSING IN PREPARING A CONTAMINATION CONTROL TRAINING MANUAL. WORD PROCESSING EQUIPMENT MAKES IT POSSIBLE FOR AN INSTRUCTOR TO CREATE A VARIETY OF TRAINING MANUALS SLANTED TOWARD THE WIDE VARIATIONS IN BACKGROUND AND EXPERIENCE OF CLASS MEMBERS. SUCH MANUALS AID IN MORE EFFICIENT USE OF CLASSROOM AND STUDENT TIME AND EFFORT. MANUAL PREPARATION TIME MAY BE REDUCED AS MUCH AS 90%. ******************************************** Document 2963 PIRA SEMINAR S4. ELECTRONIC OFFICE SYSTEMS-A TECHNOLOGY UPDATE. THE FOLLOWING PAPERS WERE PRESENTED' SYSTEM CONFIGURATION AND LOCAL NETWORK ARCHITECTURES; ADVANCED WORD PROCESSING FUNCTIONS; INTEGRATING WORD AND DATA PROCESSING APPLICATIONS; ELECTRONIC FILING AND RETRIEVAL; ELECTRONIC MAIL-MESSAGING AND DOCUMENT DISTRIBUTION; PROFESSIONAL AND EXECUTIVE SERVICES, BUSINESS GRAPHICS, CALENDERING, VOICE SERVICES. ******************************************** Document 2964 WORD PROCESSING EQUIPMENT AND APPLICATIONS. JANUARY, 1976-SEPTEMBER, 1981 (CITATIONS FROM THE PAPER AND BOARD, PRINTING, AND PACKAGING INDUSTRIES RESEARCH ASSOCIATIONS DATA BASE). WORD PROCESSING AND KINDS OF EQUIPMENT AND APPLICATIONS ARE CONSIDERED IN THIS BIBLIOGRAPHY FROM GLOBAL SOURCES. TOPICS DISCUSSED INCLUDE HOW TO CUT OFFICE COSTS, TRENDS IN PHOTO-TYPESETTING, LASER PRINTERS, INK JET PRINTING, FULLY AUTOMATED RECORDS MANAGEMENT, AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT IN CONJUNCTION WITH WORD PROCESSING. ******************************************** Document 2965 THE BORN-AGAIN TECHNOLOGY. TELECOMMUNICATIONS' A SURVEY. NEW TECHNOLOGY IS OFFERING THE WORLD INSTANT 2-WAY COMMUNICATION OF DATA, DOCUMENTS, AND VOICE FROM VIRTUALLY ANYWHERE TO ANYWHERE. THE US GOVERNMENT HAS DISMANTLED THE MONOPOLY OF CERTAIN TELECOMMUNICATIONS GIANTS TO STIMULATE COMPETITION IN THE TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY. THE BENEFITS OF THIS ACTION SEEM ENORMOUS, BUT SO DO THE RISKS. DISCUSSES DEVELOPMENTS AND INNOVATIONS IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY AND WHETHER THE UK SHOULD FOLLOW THE LEAD OF THE USA. ******************************************** Document 2966 ELECTRONIC MAIL. 3 ARTICLES ARE INCLUDED' IT'S ON THE BRINK OF DELIVERY (A. DUNN) EXAMINES PROGRESS TOWARD ELECTRONIC MAIL SERVICES IN EUROPE; BT GETS THE GOLDEN MESSAGE (J. HORSLEY) DESCRIBES BRITISH TELECOM'S PLANS FOR ELECTRONIC MAIL; AND USERS ALL WAIT FOR STANDARDS (J. HORSLEY) LOOKS AT THE PRESENT LIMITATIONS ON ELECTRONIC MAIL AND REVIEWS PRODUCTS AVAILABLE IN THE UK. ******************************************** Document 2967 IS ELECTRONIC MAIL HERE TO STAY?. CONSULTANCIES, LIKE IDC, MACKINTOSH CONSULTANTS, AND THE YANKEE GROUP, PREDICT A BRIGHT FUTURE FOR ELECTRONIC MAIL. THE YANKEE GROUP BELIEVES THAT ELECTRONIC MAIL MESSAGES WILL GROW FROM ALMOST 600,000 IN 1978 TO OVER 2 MILLION IN 1983. TECHNOLOGY IS NOW FORCING THE COST OF ELECTRONIC MAIL DOWN, BUT COST JUSTIFICATION STILL REMAINS A MAJOR PROBLEM. SPECIFIC ELECTRONIC MAIL PRODUCTS ARE DESCRIBED. ******************************************** Document 2968 THE NATIONAL CENTRE FOR LETTERS. DESCRIBES ACTIVITIES OF THE FRENCH NATIONAL CENTRE FOR LETTERS SINCE REORGANISATION IN 1976. STRUCTURE AND RESOURCES ARE OUTLINED, AND DETAILS GIVEN ON CURRENT POLICY AS IMPLEMENTED BETWEEN 1976 AND 1979 IN PROVIDING ASSISTANCE FOR THE FOLLOWING' LITERARY CREATION AND AUTHORS; CULTURAL ACTIVITIES AND JOURNALS; PUBLISHING; PUBLIC LIBRARIES AND BOOK PROMOTION; TRANSLATION; AND SOCIAL ASSISTANCE FOR AUTHORS. ******************************************** Document 2969 THE BOOK HOUSE APPEAL: IMPORTANT IN THESE TIMES. THE NATIONAL BOOK LEAGUE (UK) RECENTLY MOVED TO NEW PREMISES AT 'BOOK HOUSE', WANDSWORTH, LONDON. GENERAL REFURBISHMENT AND REDECORATION IS NEEDED AND A BOOK HOUSE APPEAL IS BEING MOUNTED BY THE PUBLISHERS AND BOOKSELLERS ASSOCIATIONS. DESCRIBES, BRIEFLY, THE WORK OF THE NBL, AND THE IMPORTANCE OF THE NEW BUILDING IN FURTHERING THE AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE NBL. ******************************************** Document 2970 MEANINGS OF LITERACY IN THE THIRD WORLD: THE CONCEPTS AND CONSEQUENCES OF THE RIJCHARY REFORM MOVEMENT IN HIGHLAND PERU. EXAMINES SOME OF THE CONDITIONS NECESSARY FOR SUCCESSFUL EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY OF THE SORT WHICH WOULD LAY THE FOUNDATION FOR MEANINGFUL LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT IN PERU. HIGHLAND STRUCTURES OF SOCIAL AND PRODUCTIVE RELATIONS HAVE LONG OBSTRUCTED OFFICIAL EFFORTS, BUT THE RIJCHARY MOVEMENT, ACTIVE IN THE DEPARTMENT OF PUNO IN THE 30S AND 40S, SUGGESTS BY CONTRAST SOME OF THE ELEMENTS THAT HAVE BOTH STIRRED AND RESPONDED TO INDIGENOUS ASPIRATIONS. 'RIJCHARY' MEANS 'AWAKEN!' AND THE MOVEMENT, LED BY NUNEZ BUTRON, DOCTOR-IN-RESIDENCE FOR PUNO'S AZANGARO PROVINCE, INCLUDED CAMPAIGNS FOR BASIC PUBLIC HYGIENE, PATRIOTISM AND LITERACY. ******************************************** Document 2971 ILLITERACY IN THE GERMAN FEDERAL REPUBLIC. REPORT ON A CONFERENCE, HELD BY EDUCATIONALISTS, SOCIOLOGISTS AND LIBRARIANS IN BREMEN, NOV 80, ON ILLITERACY AMONG CHILDREN AND ADULTS. RECENT CAMPAIGNS AGAINST ILLITERACY ABROAD SHOW RESULTS FAR IN ADVANCE OF THOSE HITHERTO ACHIEVED IN WEST GERMANY. RESEARCHERS MUST FIND OUT WHO THE ILLITERATE ARE AND THE BEST WAYS TO REACH THEM; SOME WORK IS ALREADY BEING DONE BY STAFF AT ADULT EDUCATION CENTRES, PENAL INSTITUTIONS AND THE LOCAL PRESS. PROBLEMS OF STAFF AND MONEY SHORTAGES MUST BE OVERCOME AND BEGINNERS' READING BOOKS PRODUCED SUITABLE FOR ADULTS. LIBRARIANS CAN HELP BY WORKING WITH SCHOOLS AND KINDERGARTENS TO ALLEVIATE THE FEAR OF ENTERING A LIBRARY FELT BY MANY PEOPLE; THEY CAN PROVIDE SUITABLE MEDIA TO HELP SCHOOL TEACHERS, ADULT EDUCATION CENTRES AND THE READERS THEMSELVES AND ASSIST IN MEDIA PRODUCTION BY COOPERATING WITH AUTHORS AND PUBLISHERS. ******************************************** Document 2972 THE STATE OF BIBLIOGRAPHY IN HUNGARY. REVIEWS PROGRESS MADE IN THE COMPILATION OF BIBLIOGRAPHIES IN HUNGARY SINCE THE NATIONAL WORKING CONFERENCE ON BIBLIOGRAPHY IN 1961 HAD IDENTIFIED LARGE GAPS IN COVERAGE AND THE NEED FOR COORDINATION. THE NATIONAL SZECHENYI LIBRARY HAS MADE CONSIDERABLE EFFORTS TO DEVELOP AN UP-TO-DATE SYSTEM FOR THE HUNGARIAN NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY; THE GREATEST BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE PERIOD 1921-44. PROGRESS IN SPECIAL BIBLIOGRAPHIES HAS BEEN HAPHAZARD WITH OVERLAP IN SOME FIELDS WHILE CERTAIN OTHER FIELDS SUCH AS MATHEMATICS AND PHYSICS HAVE NO CURRENT BIBLIOGRAPHIES. IT IS TO BE FEARED THAT WITHOUT A COORDINATING BODY TO PLAN BIBLIOGRAPHIC ACTIVITIES, IT WILL TAKE A LONG TIME TO HAVE A COMPLETE SYSTEM OF BIBLIOGRAPHIES IN HUNGARY. ******************************************** Document 2973 A SELECT ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF SOCIAL SCIENCE MATERIALS FOR UGANDA, FOLLOWED BY AN EXPANDED BIBLIOGRAPHY. THIS BIBLIOGRAPHY IDENTIFIES AVAILABLE, CLEARLY WRITTEN, NON-TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES THAT WILL HELP USAID PERSONNEL AND CONTRACTORS IN THE UGANDA PROGRAMME TO PLAN AND IMPLEMENT DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE PROGRAMMES AND PROJECTS ADAPTED TO THE DISTINCTIVE SOCIO-ECONOMIC INSTITUTIONS, THE CULTURE, AND THE HISTORIC SETTING OF THAT COUNTRY. ******************************************** Document 2974 IMPACT OF COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT AND PHOTOCOPYING ON PUBLISHING PROFITABILITY. REPORT OF THE EUROPEAN AND AMERICAN SITUATION REGARDING ILLICIT PHOTOCOPYING AND THE RESULTANT COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT, SUPPLY OF PHOTOCOPIES OF ARTICLES, AND OPERATION OF DATA BASES IN RELATION TO PUBLISHING PROFITABILITY. ******************************************** Document 2975 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY' PATENTS, COPYRIGHT, TRADE MARKS AND ALLIED RIGHTS. DEALS WITH THE UK LAW OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, IN THE NEW SETTING PROVIDED BY EUROPEAN COMMUNITY MEMBERSHIP AND A GROUPING ENCRUSTATION OF INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, SKETCHING IN THE POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC DEBATES WHICH ALWAYS SURROUND THE SUBJECT. COVERS' SOURCES OF THE LAW AND PRESSURES FOR ITS DEVELOPMENT; ENFORCEMENT OF RIGHTS; PATENTS-THEIR GROWTH AND PURPOSE, GRANT AND CONTENT, VALIDITY, SCOPE OF MONOPOLY AND PROPERTY RIGHTS AND EXPLOITATION; CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION; COPYRIGHT-ITS RANGE AND AIMS, SUBSISTENCE OF COPYRIGHT, INFRINGEMENT, PROPERTY RIGHTS AND EXPLOITATION AND PARTICULAR CASES; AND TRADE MARKS AND NAMES. ******************************************** Document 2976 POLAND' THE DAM BREAKS. OUTLINES THE HISTORY OF SEVERE CENSORSHIP RESTRICTIONS IN POLAND AND EVENTS LEADING TO THE NEW CENSORSHIP LAW WHICH CAME INTO FORCE ON 1 OCT 81. THIS LAW GIVES PUBLISHERS AND WRITERS MORE FREEDOM AND THE RIGHT OF APPEAL AGAINST CENSORSHIP DECISIONS. BRIEFLY DISCUSSES HOW THE LAW WILL AFFECT PUBLISHING. ******************************************** Document 2977 INTERACTION OF LIBRARIES AND PUBLISHERS. LIBRARIES AND PUBLISHERS HAVE EVOLVED TOGETHER. PUBLISHERS RELY ON LIBRARIES AS A MINIMUM MARKET FOR THEIR SCHOLARLY PRODUCTS. INFLATIONARY PRESSURES HAVE CAUSED PUBLISHERS TO INCREASE PRICES THAT, IN TURN, STRAIN LIBRARY BUDGETS THAT HAVE NOT INCREASED AS FAST, AND WHICH, IN TURN, UNDERMINE THE MINIMAL DEMAND PUBLISHERS CAN COUNT ON, ADDING TO INFLATIONARY PRESSURE. A SIMPLE MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR THE DYNAMICS OF THE INTERACTION BETWEEN LIBRARIES AND PUBLISHERS IS ANALYSED. ******************************************** Document 2978 REFERENCE AID' DATA ON SERIAL PUBLICATIONS OF VIETNAM. THE REPORT IS AN ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF PERIODICALS PUBLISHED IN THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM ALONG WITH AVAILABLE DATA ON ALTERNATE TITLES, SPONSORSHIP, OFFICERS AND CONTENTS FOR EACH PUBLICATION. APPROXIMATELY 311 NEWSPAPERS, MAGAZINES, JOURNALS, BULLETINS AND NEWSLETTERS ARE PUBLISHED INCLUDING 225 NATIONAL LEVEL PUBLICATIONS AND 86 LOCAL LEVEL PUBLICATIONS. ******************************************** Document 2979 MODERN TECHNIQUES IN PERIODICAL PUBLISHING (IN ITALIAN). NEW TECHNOLOGIES AFFECTING PERIODICAL PUBLISHING ARE EXAMINED, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THEIR EFFECTS ON EDITORIAL AND PRODUCTION PROCEDURES. THE TECHNOLOGIES DISCUSSED INCLUDE VDU TERMINALS, OCR, PHOTOTYPESETTING WITH CRT TERMINALS, INK JET PRINTING AND REMOTE PRESS CONTROL. COMPETITIVE TECHNOLOGY AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ARE ALSO DISCUSSED WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO TELETEXT, VIEWDATA AND FACSIMILE TRANSMISSION. ******************************************** Document 2980 PUBLICATIONS, DOCUMENTATION AND MEANS FOR THEIR DISSEMINATION IN THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES. BASED ON DISCUSSIONS CONDUCTED WITH OFFICIALS FROM THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES DURING A STUDY VISIT TO BRUSSELS, NOV 79. UK MEMBERSHIP OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES HAS ADDED A NEW DIMENSION TO THE NATIONAL LEGISLATIVE PROCESS AND HAS GENERATED A FRESH BODY OF LEGISLATIVE AND ASSOCIATED DOCUMENTATION. IT HAS ALSO PROVIDED LIBRARIANS WITH A NEW SERIES OF CHALLENGES. THE STUDY VISIT WAS CONCEIVED AS A FACT-FINDING EXERCISE TO GATHER BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT THE INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF THE COMMUNITY'S PUBLISHING PROGRAMME AND DOCUMENTATION SYSTEM. CONSEQUENTLY, THE REPORT CONTAINS SEPARATE CHAPTERS ON COMMUNITY PUBLICATIONS POLICY, ON THE NATURE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF COMMISSION DOCUMENTS (AS DISTINCT FROM PUBLICATIONS) AND ON THE RANGE OF AUTOMATED INFORMATION-RETRIEVAL SERVICES OFFERED TO MEMBERS OF STAFF WITHIN THE COMMISSION. ALSO CONTAINS A CHAPTER ON EUROPEAN DOCUMENTAT ION CENTRES AND DEPOSITORY LIBRARIES. ******************************************** Document 2981 COMMONWEALTH OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS AND THE RAZOR GANG' SOME THOUGHTS. REVIEWS BRIEFLY THE CUTS IN AUSTRALIAN FEDERAL EXPENDITURE RECENTLY RECOMMENDED BY THE REVIEW OF COMMONWEALTH FUNCTIONS AS THEY AFFECT THE PUBLISHING ACTIVITIES OF THE FEDERAL EXECUTIVE. DISCUSSES THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE RECOMMENDED MEASURES WHICH INCLUDE THE LEASING OF THE AGPS BOOKSHOPS TO THE PRIVATE SECTOR, AND RESTRICTING THE MINISTERIAL DOCUMENT SERVICE, AND MENTIONS SEVERAL PUBLICATIONS WHICH ARE TO CEASE. URGES LIBRARIANS TO CAREFULLY MONITOR THE EFFECTS OF THESE ECONOMIES IN PUBLISHING, AND TO MAKE KNOWN TO OFFICIAL CHANNELS THEIR CONCERN ABOUT THE CREATION OF ADEQUATE PROCESSES OF CONSULTATION ON OFFICIAL PUBLISHING. ******************************************** Document 2982 ANALYSIS OF THE CHOICE OF JOURNALS FOR PUBLICATION BY TRIDIAN PHYSICISTS. ANALYSES THE DATA REGARDING MEDIA OF PUBLICATION BY INDIAN PHYSICISTS ON THE BASIS OF 2PHYSICS ABSTRACTS1, 1973, GIVING DISTRIBUTION OF RESEARCH OUTPUT ACCORDING TO THE INSTITUTIONS, FIELD OF SPECIALISATION AND GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION IN FOREIGN JOURNALS. PROVIDES DISTRIBUTION OF PHYSICS RESEARCH OUTPUTS IN INDIAN JOURNALS. STRESSES NEED FOR COLLABORATION BETWEEN EDITORS OF PHYSICS JOURNALS IN INDIA. ******************************************** Document 2983 THE PREPARATION OF A COMPUTER-GENERATED CONCORDANCE. DESCRIBES THE PREPARATION OF 2A CONCORDANCE AND WORD-LISTS TO THE POEMS OF DYLAN THOMAS 1USING THE COCOA COMPUTER BASED CONCORDANCING PROGRAM. DISCUSSES' THE SELECTION OF THE BASE TEXT; THE PRODUCTION OF THE INITIAL WORKING CONCORDANCE; THE COMPILATION, FROM HEAD WORDS IN THE CONCORDANCE, OF COMPLETE WORD LISTS SORTED BOTH ALPHABETICALLY AND BY FREQUENCY OF OCCURRENCE; AND THE COMPILATION, (MAINLY BY HAND), OF A NUMBER OF WORD LISTS OF SPECIFIC INTEREST. ******************************************** Document 2984 PROBLEMS OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL INDEXING. DISCUSSES IN SOME DETAIL SOME OF THE PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL INDEXING. MENTIONS SOME CONVENTIONS CUSTOMARY IN UK ARCHAEOLOGICAL INDEXING, SETS OUT SOME DILEMMAS, AND CITES SOME GOOD AND BAD EXAMPLES. HIGHLIGHTS THE FACT THAT ARCHAEOLOGY IS A HIGHLY COMPLEX SUBJECT COVERING A VERY WIDE RANGE OF ACADEMIC DISCIPLINES AND DEMANDING GREAT FLEXIBILITY AND KNOWLEDGE FROM ITS INDEXERS. ******************************************** Document 2985 THE MODERN LIBRARY SERIES AND AMERICAN CULTURAL LIFE. THE MODERN LIBRARY WAS CONCEIVED BY ALBERT BONI, A 25-YEAR-OLD GREENWICH VILLAGE BOOKSELLER AND PUBLISHER, AS A SERIES OF HARDBOUND REPRINTS OF IMPORTANT WORKS OF LITERATURE AND THOUGHT. IT LASTED FROM 1917 TO 1970, AND THE SMALL, IN EXPENSIVE VOLUMES WERE STOCKED AT VIRTUALLY EVERY BOOKSTORE AND MAJOR DEPARTMENT STORE IN THE USA. TRACES THE HISTORY OF THE SERIES, AND INVESTIGATES ITS ROLE IN REFLECTING AMERICAN CULTURAL LIFE. ******************************************** Document 2986 THE FUTURE OF INDEXES AND INDEXING. TEXT OF THE ADDRESS GIVEN TO THE SOCIETY OF INDEXERS, 28 MAY 1981. CONSIDERS SOME OF THE PROBLEMS WITH WHICH INDEXERS ARE CURRENTLY CONCERNED. TOPICS DISCUSSED INCLUDE: THE 2 TYPES OF INDEXES TO BE FOUND IN CONTEMPORARY PUBLICATIONS; SOME VALUABLE INDEXING MANUALS WHICH SHOULD BE MADE AVAILABLE TO INDEXERS; SCOPE FOR IMPROVEMENT WHICH EXISTS IN INDEXING PRACTICE-IN PARTICULAR THE ELIMINATION OF 'SEE' AND 'SEE ALSO' REFERENCES; THE SIZE OF TYPE USED IN INDEXES; THE INDEXING OF FICTION; AND THE COMPILATION OF THESAURI FOR THE USE OF INDEXERS. ******************************************** Document 2987 PERFORMANCE TESTING OF A BOOK AND ITS INDEX AS AN INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM. THE RETRIEVAL PERFORMANCE OF BOOK INDEXES CAN BE MEASURED IN TERMS OF THEIR ABILITY TO DIRECT A USER SELECTIVELY TO TEXT MATERIAL WHOSE IDENTITY BUT NOT LOCATION IS KNOWN. THE METHOD REQUIRES HUMAN SEARCHERS TO BASE THEIR SEARCHING STRATEGIES ON ACTUAL PASSAGES FROM THE BOOK RATHER THAN ON TEST QUERIES, NATURAL OR CONTRIVED. IT CIRCUMVENTS THE NEED FOR RELEVANCE JUDGMENT, BUT STILL YIELDS PERFORMANCE INDICATORS THAT CORRESPOND APPROXIMATELY TO THE RECALL AND PRECISION RATIOS OF LARGE DOCUMENT RETRIEVAL SYSTEM EVALUATION. ******************************************** Document 2988 COMPUTER ASSISTANCE IN INDEXING WITH INDEX. DESCRIBES THE COMPILATION OF INDEXES TO 2 BOOKS USING THE PROGRAM INDEX ON THE MTS (MICHIGAN TERMINAL SYSTEM) OPERATING THE IBM 378/3033 COMPUTER. DISCUSSES THE ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER INDEXING, WHICH INCLUDE' SPEED IN PREPARATION; ACCURACY IN TRANSCRIPTION; AND EASE OF TRANSMISSION FROM 1 LOCATION TO ANOTHER. CONCLUDES, HOWEVER, THAT IT IS AN AID RATHER THAN A COMPETITOR TO INDEXES, SINCE AN INDEXER MUST STILL MAKE DECISIONS AS TO CROSS REFERENCING, SUBHEADS, AND CATEGORIES. ******************************************** Document 2989 BOOK REVIEWS IN GOVERNMENT PERIODICALS. 153 PERIODICALS PUBLISHED BY THE US GOVERNMENT AND INDEXED IN THE 2INDEX TO U.S. GOVERNMENT PERIODICALS 1WERE SEARCHED FOR BOOK REVIEWS. 20 CARRY BOOK REVIEWS REGULARLY (THESE ARE LISTED WITH COMMENTS AND INFORMATION ON FREQUENCY AND SU/DOC NUMBER); 81 CONTAIN LISTS OF THEIR OWN DEPARTMENTAL PUBLICATIONS, OTHER GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE MATERIAL, OR EXTENSIVE BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES IN CONNECTION WITH THEIR ARTICLES; AND A TOTAL OF 84 CARRY AT LEAST ONE OF THE PRECEDING CATEGORIES (THE TITLES ARE LISTED). CONCLUDES THAT A GREAT DEAL OF USEFUL INFORMATION CAN BE OBTAINED FROM GOVERNMENT JOURNALS-LIBRARIANS INVOLVED IN COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT MUST NOT OVERLOOK THEM. ******************************************** Document 2990 A SEARCH FOR JEWISH CONTENT IN AMERICAN CHILDREN'S FICTION. (PHD THESIS-NEW YORK UNIVERSITY.) STUDY OF THE AMOUNT OF JEWISH CONTENT IN CONTEMPORARY JUVENILE REALISTIC FICTION WITH JEWISH CHARACTERS, FOCUSING ON RELIGIOUS AND SECULAR ACTIVITIES IN THE DAILY LIVES OF THE FICTIONAL CHARACTERS; THEIR PARTICIPATION IN FORMAL AND INFORMAL ASSOCIATIONS AND INSTITUTIONS; THE EFFECT BEING JEWISH HAD ON THEM AND THEIR RESPONSES TO WORLD AND NATIONAL EVENTS OF RELEVANCE TO JEWS; AND THE ATTITUDES, VALUES, CONCERNS, AND GOALS, ROOTED IN JEWISH TRADITION, ATTRIBUTED TO THEM BY THE AUTHORS. ******************************************** Document 2991 PUBLIC LENDING RIGHT. A THEMATIC ISSUE DISCUSSING VARIOUS ASPECTS OF PUBLIC LENDING RIGHT AND THE SITUATION IN EUROPE, UK, NEW ZEALAND, AUSTRALIA, CANADA, USA, AND SOUTH AFRICA. FOR ABSTRACTS OF THE 10 ARTICLES, 2SEE1 THE FOLLOWING SERIAL NUMBERS'. ******************************************** Document 2992 PRACTICAL AND ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS. CONTRIBUTION TO A THEMATIC ISSUE ON PUBLIC LENDING RIGHT (PLR). DISCUSSES THE JUSTICE OF COMPENSATING AN AUTHOR WHEN HIS BOOKS ARE USED; THE USE OF PLR TO ENCOURAGE NATIVE AUTHORS; PLR ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA; INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS; EFFECTS OF EXTENDING THE SCOPE OF PLR TO ENCOMPASS ALL LIBRARIES AND ALSO BOOK USE WITHIN LIBRARIES; PROBLEMS OF MEASURING BOOK USE; THE ROLE OF THE CLEARINGHOUSE; FUNDING; LEVELS OF PAYMENT; COST OF PLR SCHEMES; PROCEDURES FOR INTRODUCING A PLR SCHEME; AND POSSIBLE CONSEQUENCES OF PLR CONCERNING AUTHORS. ******************************************** Document 2993 POINTS OF VIEW OF LIBRARIANS' ALTERNATIVES TO PLR. CONTRIBUTION TO A THEMATIC ISSUE ON PUBLIC LENDING RIGHT (PLR). LISTS THE MAJOR POINTS OF LIBRARIAN OPPOSITION TO PLR, FOCUSING ON THE QUESTIONS' DO AUTHORS HAVE NATURAL PROPRIETARY RIGHTS CONCERNING THEIR TEXTS; ARE LIBRARIES INFRINGING THESE RIGHTS; DO AUTHORS SUFFER FINANCIAL DAMAGE THROUGH LIBRARY CIRCULATION; WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS OF PLR ON LIBRARIES; AND WHO WILL REALLY BENEFIT FROM PLR. LIBRARIANS DO RECOGNISE THE FINANCIAL PLIGHT OF MOST AUTHORS AND HAVE SUGGESTED ALTERNATIVES TO PLR IN THE AREAS OF' CURTAILMENT OF LIBRARY PURCHASES; SPECIAL PRICING OF LIBRARY BOOKS; DIRECT TAX RELIEF; AUGMENTATION OF ROYALTY INCOME; AND AUGMENTED PROGRAMMES OF LITERARY AWARDS. ******************************************** Document 2994 LEGAL ASPECTS OF PUBLIC LENDING RIGHT. CONTRIBUTION TO A THEMATIC ISSUE ON PUBLIC LENDING RIGHT (PLR). MOST PLR PROPONENTS CONTENT THAT PLR LEGISLATION IS AN INTEGRAL PART OF COPYRIGHT LAW, BUT IN ONLY 1 OF THE 10 COUNTRIES TO ENACT PLR LEGISLATION HAS THE STATUTE BEEN MADE A PART OF COPYRIGHT LAW. THE PLR CONCEPT DOES NOT FIT NEATLY INTO THE PRINCIPLES OF US COPYRIGHT LAW, BUT THE SUCCESSFUL DEVELOPMENT OF 2DROIT DE SUITE1 LEGISLATION (REQUIRING PAYMENT OF ROYALTIES TO ARTISTS FOR RESALE OF THEIR WORKS) IN CALIFORNIA IS AN INDICATION THAT PLR IS A WORKABLE CONCEPT IN THE US LEGAL STRUCTURE. ******************************************** Document 2995 PUBLIC LENDING RIGHT' A HISTORY OF THE IDEA. CONTRIBUTION TO AN ISSUE ON PUBLIC LENDING RIGHT (PLR). THE IDEA THAT AN AUTHOR IS ENTITLED TO BE COMPENSATED FOR THE MULTIPLE USES OF HIS COPYRIGHTED BOOKS IN LIBRARIES IS RELATIVELY NEW, ONLY BEING DISCUSSED SINCE SHORTLY BEFORE 1920. IDENTIFIES FACTORS THAT HAVE ENCOURAGED THE DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH OF THIS CONCEPT; OUTLINES THE ARGUMENTS ADVANED BY ITS PROPONENTS AND OPPONENTS; BRIEFLY DESCRIBES PLR LEGISLATION IN SCANDINAVIA; AND TRACES THE CAMPAIGN FOR LEGISLATION IN THE UK. ******************************************** Document 2996 THE SITUATION IN THE UNITED KINGDOM. CONTRIBUTION TO A THEMATIC ISSUE ON PUBLIC LENDING RIGHT (PLR). OUTLINES THE CASES FOR AND AGAINST PLR IN THE UK; THE ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF THE PLR CAMPAIGN; ATTEMPTS TO INTRODUCE PLR LEGISLATION IN PARLIAMENT; PROVISIONS OF THE PUBLIC LENDING RIGHT ACT PASSED IN 1979; AND MOVES TOWARDS THE ACT'S IMPLEMENTATION. ******************************************** Document 2997 SITUATION IN COUNTRIES OF CONTINENTAL EUROPE. CONTRIBUTION TO A THEMATIC ISSUE ON PUBLIC LENDING RIGHT (PLR). OUTLINES THE PLR SCHEMES OPERATING IN DENMARK, NORWAY, SWEDEN, FINLAND, ICELAND, THE NETHERLANDS, AND WEST GERMANY. ATTEMPTS TO ESTABLISH A JOINT PLR SCHEME IN SCANDINAVIA, OR AT LEAST RECIPROCAL BILATERAL AGREEMENTS, HAVE BEEN UNSUCCESSFUL. DENMARK, THE NETHERLANDS, AND WEST GERMANY ARE FACING THE PROBLEM OF MAINTAINING DIFFERENT SCHEMES WITHIN THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY (EEC). OF THESE 3, ONLY WEST GERMANY HAS A PLR SCHEME WHICH IS WITHIN ITS COPYRIGHT LAWS AND WHICH DOES NOT OPERATE FOR THE BENEFIT OF ITS OWN CITIZENS. THE EEC PROHIBITS DISCRIMINATION ON GROUNDS OF NATIONALITY; THE EFFECT OF THIS ON PLR IS BEING DEBATED. ******************************************** Document 2998 PUBLIC LENDING RIGHT' THE SOUTH AFRICAN SCENE. CONTRIBUTION TO A THEMATIC ISSUE ON PUBLIC LENDING RIGHT (PLR). IN SOUTH AFRICA, AUTHORS ARE NOT REMUNERATED FOR USE OF THEIR WORKS IN LIBRARIES AND, IN COMPARISON WITH MOST WESTERN COUNTRIES, VERY LITTLE IS BEING DONE BY THE STATE TO SUPPORT AUTHORS FINANCIALLY AND STIMULATE LOCAL BOOK PRODUCTION AND LITERATURE. RELATIVELY FEW PUBLICATIONS ON PLR HAVE APPEARED AND THE AUTHORS' CAMPAIGN FOR A PLR SYSTEM HAS NOT YET GAINED MOMENTUM. ******************************************** Document 2999 THE SITUATION IN CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES. CONTRIBUTION TO A THEMATIC ISSUE ON PUBLIC LENDING RIGHT (PLR). DISCUSSION ON PLR IS MUCH FURTHER ADVANCED IN CANADA THAN IN THE USA-AUTHORS' AND LIBRARIANS' GROUPS HAVE ISSUED RESOLUTIONS AND MANIFESTOES; FORMAL DEBATES HAVE BEEN HELD; AND THE CANADA COUNCIL (A GOVERNMENTAL CORPORATION WHICH ADMINISTERS GRANT PROGRAMMES FOR ARTISTS AND AUTHORS) IS DEVELOPING A MODEL FOR COMPENSATING AUTHORS, BASED ON HOLDINGS OF THEIR WORKS BY LIBRARIES. GIVEN THE PRESENT POLITICAL CLIMATE IN THE USA, PLR ISSUES ARE NOT AS TIGHTLY DRAWN THERE. MOST US LIBRARIANS ARE ONLY DIMLY AWARE OF PLR, BUT MILITANCY AMONG PROFESSIONAL AUTHORS IS GROWING. ******************************************** Document 3000 PUBLIC LENDING RIGHT' THE AMERICAN AUTHOR'S VIEWPOINT. CONTRIBUTION TO A THEMATIC ISSUE ON PUBLIC LENDING RIGHT (PLR). PLR FACES OBSTACLES THAT MAY WELL KEEP IT FROM US SHORES FOR A LONG TIME. A SAMPLING OF US AUTHORS INDICATES THAT THEY ARE WELL AWARE OF THIS, BUT HARBOUR AN ATTRACTION TO PLR THAT MAY BLOSSOM INTO THE KIND OF SUPPORT THE CONCEPT HAS FOUND ELSEWHERE. THIS MAY GIVE PLR A RING OF INEVITABILITY. ********************************************