Date: Sun 17 Apr 1988 23:35-PDT From: AIList Moderator Kenneth Laws Reply-To: AIList@KL.SRI.COM Us-Mail: SRI Int., 333 Ravenswood Ave., Menlo Park, CA 94025 Phone: (415) 859-6467 Subject: AIList V6 #72 - Queries To: AIList@KL.SRI.COM Status: R AIList Digest Monday, 18 Apr 1988 Volume 6 : Issue 72 Today's Topics: Queries - AI Texts & Cognitive Science & Software Engineering vs. Knowledge Engineering & Undergraduate AI Curriculum & Explorer (vs. Sun) Experience & Expert System for Scheduling & Emycin & Holographic Memory & AI and Self-Awareness & Expert Systems in the Railroad Industry ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: 13 Apr 88 22:41:53 GMT From: stride!tahoe!wheeler!greg@gr.utah.edu (Greg Sharp) Subject: References needed I am looking for introductory references (books, articles...) concerning ai. My background is primarily engineering, with a small amount of computer science experience. Replies via email are fine. Greg Sharp (greg@wheeler.wrc.unr.edu) ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 15 Apr 88 09:37 CST From: PMACLIN%UTMEM1.BITNET@CUNYVM.CUNY.EDU Subject: CONTRIBUTION TO AILIST For my first time, I'm teaching a college undergraduate course on Introduction to Artificial Intelligence. In a few weeks, we will be discussing Cognitive Science, an area in which I am comparatively weak. I would like some current thinking and new ideas in this field. If you or an associate have written any papers in the field of Cognitive Science or related topics in the past two or three years, I would much appreciate it very much if you would mail me a copy. Thanks in advance. Philip Maclin, AI Specialist University of Tennessee at Memphis Computer Science Dept. 877 Madison Ave., Suite 330 Memphis, TN 38163 PMACLIN@UTMEM1 ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 14 Apr 88 12:14:39 EDT From: CMSBE1%EOVUOV11.BITNET@CUNYVM.CUNY.EDU Subject: Software Engineering VERSUS Knowledge Engineering. What do you think? Date: 14 April 1988, 12:10:31 EDT From: Juan Francisco Suarez Vicente (KIKO) CMSBE1 at EOVUOV11 To: AILIST at SRI Hello from Spain!!! This request is very precise, and I need to know all possible expert opinions from you (if you want help me,of course). - Which are the main points of view,in your opinion, about the subject "Software Engineering VERSUS Knowledge Engineering"? - How should I explain it in a Conference? - How could I relate Soft and Knowledge engineerings, in a non-conflictive way? Or, contrarily, Should I explain these concepts oppositely? -----o------ It's a very important question to me. THANKS A LOT. Answers to: AILIST or CMSBE1@EOVUOV11 (spanish userid) ------------------------------ Date: 15 Apr 88 12:26:00 CST From: "HENRY::TSATSOUL" Reply-to: "HENRY::TSATSOUL" Subject: Undergraduate AI curriculum The recent discussion on this list about AI has touched upon a subject that I thought might be interesting to pursue. Specifically, what is the state of the undergraduate AI education? It is my impression that AI is rapidly reaching that point that Computer Science had reached about 30 years ago. At that time lots of people started discussing and writing about curriculum requirements for CS degrees on all levels, resulting to today's CS departments and degrees. I am very interested in compiling a list of courses, textbooks and requirements that various Universities and Departments offer on the under- graduate level and which are considered (or can be considered) AI-oriented. Especially interesting are curricula that offer BS or BA degrees with AI specialization, or, even more, ``pure'' AI degrees. It would also be interesting to start compiling everybody's thoughts on a bachelor's in AI. What should be included? How much CS, how much engineering, how much psychology, philosophy, mathematics? What kind of different specializations and emphases? I hope there are enough people out there with enough interest to start a discussion. I volunteer to gather and distribute information from and to anyone interested. As a first step people can send me descriptions of the undergraduate AI courses and curricula in their departments. If you have the information on file, please e-mail it. Otherwise, just US-mail me catalogs, brochures, etc. Cheers, Costas Tsatsoulis -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Costas Tsatsoulis | tsatsoul @ space-tech.arpa | | Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering |-------------------------------| | Nichols Hall | | | The University of Kansas | H A I K U | | Lawrence, KS 66045 | | ------------------------------ Date: 12 Apr 88 21:29:16 GMT From: mikeb@ford-wdl1.arpa (Michael H. Bender) Subject: Explorer (vs. Sun) Experience ? PLEASE - if you have any experience with the TI Explorer environment, or have made any comparisons between it and the SUN environment, please help us by lettin us know .... An associate of mine is debating between the purchase of a Mac-II with the TI Explorer board, or a Sun workstation. Currently, he has a Sun, and he wants to buy 2 Mac's and link them togehter (NFS? IP/TCP?). He will be running Knowledge Craft Primarily. QUESTION 1) How hard is it to learn to use the Lisp environment on the Explorer? Is it as difficult as the Symbolics used to be? In the past - people have told me that it takes close to a year to become expert on the Symbolics (much less on the Sun) ... is this true for the Explorer also? QUESTION 2) How hard is it to maintain the software and environment? He is afraid that if he gets a Sun he will need to hire a Unix guru.... Will he have to hire an Explorer/Zeta-Lisp expert if he gets a MacII with the TI board? QUESTION 3) Does the TI environment (which I assume will completely run on the Mac-II) provide a large number of libraries that would otherwise have to be developed on the SUN workstations? Please share your experiences with us... Mike Bender mhb@ford-wdl1 ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 15 Apr 88 15:50 H From: ANANDA%NUSDISCS.BITNET@CUNYVM.CUNY.EDU Subject: Expert System for scheduling We at the Department of Information Systems & Computer Science, National University of Singapore are in the process of developing an expert system for crew scheduling for a simple subway train network. We would appreciate information on any similar project, pointers to literature on any expert system project involving scheduling, and tools that may be useful in the development work. At present we are planning to use TI's PCPLUS shell. Please send your response directly to me Thanks in advance. A.L.Ananda Bitnet address: ananda@NUSDISCS ------------------------------ Date: 14 Apr 88 21:37:55 GMT From: mnetor!spectrix!yunexus!oz@uunet.uu.net (Ozan Yigit) Subject: Emycin... where can I find it ?? I am looking for the source (common lisp and/or franz) of emycin, to study + play. All pointers would be appreciated. oz -- ... and they will all Usenet: [decvax|ihnp4]!utzoo!yunexus!oz bite the dust ... .......!uunet!mnetor!yunexus!oz comprehensively. ... Bitnet: oz@[yusol|yulibra|yuyetti] Archbishop Tutu Phonet: +1 416 736-5257 x 3976 ------------------------------ Date: 15 Apr 88 09:20:43 GMT From: munnari!basser.cs.su.oz.au!ray@uunet.UU.NET Subject: holographic memory and pattern recognition >From John Haugeland, "The Nature and Plausibility of Cognitivism", Behavioural and Brain Sciences, Vol. 1, No. 2 (1978), pp 215-260 ... > ... if a hologram of an arbitrary scene is suitably illuminated with > the light from a reference object, bright spots will appear > indicating (virtually instantaneously) the presence and location of > any occurrences of the reference object in the scene (and dimmer > spots indicate "similar" objects). So some neurophysiological > holographic encoding might account for a number of perplexing > features of visual recall and recognition ... This stuff is part of AI folklore. There are many papers that discuss the philosophical implications for AI of this phenomenon (as does Haugeland's paper), or propose neural implementations of this sort of process. But what I want is a paper by somebody who has ACTUALLY PERFORMED THIS EXPERIMENT. Can anyone point me to such a paper? Raymond Lister Basser Department of Computer Science University of Sydney NSW 2006 AUSTRALIA ACSnet: ray@basser.cs.su.oz Internet: ray%basser.cs.su.oz.au@uunet.uu.net CSNET: ray%basser.cs.su.oz@csnet-relay UUCP: {uunet,hplabs,pyramid,mcvax,ukc,nttlab}!munnari!basser.cs.su.oz!ray JANET: munnari!basser.cs.su.oz!ray@ukc [Fourier-based template matching is trivial to set up on an optical workbench, and is not considered experimental AI. In character recognition, for instance, one can project a text letter through a font mask and choose the mask position corresponding to the greatest response in the Fourier plane. (Holograms can be used, but are not required when you have the optics generating real-time Fourier planes. Computer vision research usually substitutes digital FFT transforms for the optics. Fielded target-recognition systems are likely to use holograms or acoustic- wave devices because they are faster than digital techniques and more robust than complex lens systems.) Such template matching works great if the text characters are complete, isolated, and not distorted. Holographic systems storing dozens of different views of tanks and aircraft have been demonstrated. -- KIL] ------------------------------ Date: Sat, 16 Apr 88 13:54:02 est From: Mr. David Smith Subject: AI and Self-Awareness I have an interesting piece of software which has caused me to think at various levels about self-awareness. First, I will describe the software. It is an aid for learning to type correctly. It types a word randomly selected from a large dictionary, and waits for the user to type the word, checking that each letter is correct and requiring the use of the backspace key to correct any errors. So far, a useful tool. Unbeknownst to the user, it is also measuring his proficiency in typing each letter combination and adapting its dictionary selections to emphasize those he is weak at typing. The first question is this: "Is this AI?" to which the most likely answer might be: "You have not given me enough information." The second question then arises: "What would you need to know about this program to decide whether it is AI or not? " Its size? language? The method for determining proficiency? The adaptation technique? The size of the dictionary? Where the 'expertise' came from? The third question: "Why are we in the AI community always asking the first two questions?" Can you measure the "AI-ness" of something by its behavior, its structure or its source of wisdom? Should not AI as a scientific discipline be content, as the manufacturers of pencils, compilers etc. are, to become an integral useful part of engineering or computer science? David Smith. David Smith: dsmith@gelac.arpa ------------------------------ Date: 16 Apr 88 18:00:17 GMT From: lagache@violet.Berkeley.EDU (Edouard Lagache) Subject: Expert Systems in the Railroad Industry. I attended a lecture by Hubert Dreyfus on the problems in Artificial Intelligence, and he mentioned that he was aware of only 2 Expert systems that work as well or better than the human experts that they were based on. What does this have to do with trains? Well, one of the systems (called ALPS) is designed to optimally load a cargo planes, which is a problem that looks isomorphic with the problem of loading a railroad switch yard. That raises an interesting question for those interested in computers and trains: what sort of expert systems have developed for the railroad industry? It seems to me that there are a number of promising areas: 1.) Scheduling. 2.) Optimal switching moves and train assembly. 3.) Cargo routing and loading. 4.) Equipment Maintenance. Does anyone know of what work (if any) has been done by railroads or A.I. outfits in this area? Interestingly enough, Dreyfus would probably claim that the first 3 areas would be very promising domains for expert systems. Edouard Lagache School of Education U.C. Berkeley lagache@violet.berkeley.edu P.S. I has posted this to both 'rec.railroad', and 'comp.ai'. Please don't reply to both groups unless it is truly of general interest. ------------------------------ End of AIList Digest ********************